CA1064363A - Non-foaming dispersing composition - Google Patents
Non-foaming dispersing compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1064363A CA1064363A CA234,923A CA234923A CA1064363A CA 1064363 A CA1064363 A CA 1064363A CA 234923 A CA234923 A CA 234923A CA 1064363 A CA1064363 A CA 1064363A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- block copolymer
- amount
- components
- foaming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
- C02F1/682—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of chemical compounds for dispersing an oily layer on water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
- Y10S516/06—Protein or carboxylic compound containing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
- Y10S516/07—Organic amine, amide, or n-base containing
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A solid non-foaming dispersing composition of (1) hydrophobic silica; (2) block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene wherein the chain is terminated, at both ends, by polyoxypropylene; and (3) an organic spreading liquid.
A surfactant may also be employed. A tablet form of the composition is described.
- i -
A solid non-foaming dispersing composition of (1) hydrophobic silica; (2) block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene wherein the chain is terminated, at both ends, by polyoxypropylene; and (3) an organic spreading liquid.
A surfactant may also be employed. A tablet form of the composition is described.
- i -
Description
EMO:
10643~;3 NON-FOAMING DISPERSING COMPOSITION
This invention relates to a non-foaming dispersant composition and the utilization thereof. More particularly, this invention relates to a composition and a method for elimi-nat ing fouling in water and polar organic systems.
In many systems, contamination and fouling present a severe problem. Thus, for example, in air washing and cooling water systems used, for example, in air conditioning, various process cooling and the like, con~tamination of the water with various liquid and solid foulants, such as oils, presents serious problems in that such foulants coat and foul heat transfer ~: .
surface s .
There have been many attempts to eliminate such foul-.~ .
ing, but in general, such attempts have met with only limited success as a result of either excessive foaming or incompatibi-lity with various additives, such as corrosioN inhibitors or biocides, which are present in the cooling water.
An object of this invention is to provide a new and improved dLspersant composltLon.
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., :
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.
Another object of this invention is to provide a com-position which is capable of dispersing foulants and/or cleaning fouled surfaces.
A further object of this invention is to provide for such dispersing and/or cleaning without foaming.
These and other objects of the present invention should become apparent from reading the following description thereof~
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a non-foaming, water soluble dispersant composition comprised of (1) hydrophobic silica; (2) a block copolymer of polyoxypropylene and polyoxyethylene wherein the end blocks, at both ends, of the block copolymer chain are polyoxypropylene;
and (3) an organic spreading liquid, the components being pre-sent in an amount effective to disperse contaminants in aqueous and polar organic systems without foaming.
The term "water soluble" as used herein means that the ,,~1 .
composition is soluble in the system in corrosion inhibiting amounts.
; 20 More particularly, the hydrophobic silica component of the composition, as known in the art, is prepared from hydro-philic silica which is treated to render the silica hydrophobic.
One suitable method for rendering the silica hydrophobic is to permanently affix a liquid hydrophobic polysiloxane oil onto the silica particles. Hydrophobic silica is well known in the art and, accordingly, no detailed description thereof is deemed neces-sary for a complete understanding of the present invention. The preparation and use of hydrophobic silica is described in U. S.
!
.~ ~
. - 3 -,' '. :
. ~.~ ., - .
~'.~ ..
, .~ .
Patent Nos. 3,207,698, 3,408,306; and 3,076,768, as well as the references referred to in such patents~
- A preferred silica is a precipitated ' silica, such as the precipitated silica sold as Quso-G30 The second component of the composition of the preser~
invention is a block copolyIller of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypro-pylene having the following structur I formula:
(C3 H6 ) x[A] y~C3H6]zH
wherein A is polyoxyethylene or a block copolymer of polyo~ypro-pylene and polyoxyethylene. x,y,z are integers greater than 1 to provide a block copolymer having weight average molecular weight , from about 1000 to about 25,000, preferably from about 1500 to about 15,000, with polyoxyethylene being present in the block copolymer in an amount from about 5~c to about 80%, preferably i, ...................................................................... . .
from about 20~ to about 80% and most preferably 40~c to 80~c, :
all by weight.
The third component of the composition is a ~vater Lnsoluble, organic spreading liquid of the type whlch Ls generally : .
employed as a carrler In known defoamlng composLtLons; however, unlL~ce such conventLonal defoamLng composLtions, the three ` - compcnent compositlon of the present invention is a solid. (It i8 to be understood, however, that the fact that the three component `I , . composition Ls a solid is not intended to preclude the use of ~he r.~ composition of the present invention dispersed or dissolved in a suitable liquid vehicle or carrier). The organic liquids employed in the composition of the present inventlon are generally liquid hydrocarbons, includirlg mixtures thereof9 which can be aliphatic, ~,! aromatic or alicyclic; such as mineral hydrocarbons, including , ~
,, .. ~,,~.
., . , ; ; , , . ~ . .
1~64363 mineral oils; i.e., paraffin oils, naphthenic oils, kerosene;
mineral seal oil, naphtha, benzene, heptane, octane, etc.; liquid halohydrocarbons; long chain alcohols, such as oxoalcohols (C10 and higher) nonyl or octyl alcohol, etc., long chain amine; such as 2-ethyl-1-aminoheptane; etc., long chain esters, such as, diglycol laurate, fatty acids, such as vegetable oils, etc.
The preferred organic liquids are hydrocarbons, pre-ferably those having a viscosity of about 30 SVS to 400 SUS at -~ 100F, and a boiling point of at least 150F, and long chain alcohols, in particular, long chain oxoalcohols (C10-Cl8) and mixtures thereof with hydrocarbons.
The three components are employed in a non-foaming dispersing amount, with the hydrophobic silica generally being -present in amounts from about 0.1% to about 10%, preferably 0.1% to about 1.0%; the block copolymer in an amount from about 10% to about 90%, preferably from about 75% to about 85%; and the organic liquid in an amount from about 5% to about 35%, ` preferably from about 10% to about 25~, all by weight, based on the three components.
In accordance with a preferred composition of the present invention, in addition to the hereinabove described three components, the composition further includes a surfactant in that improved properties are obtained by use of such a surfactant.
The surfactant may be either a cationic, anionic or non-ionic surfactant, as known in the art.
Examples of suitable anionic emulsifiers are alkali ; metal, ammonium, and amine soaps; the fatty acid part of such -soaps contains preferably at least 16 carbon atoms because soaps ~ .......................................................................... .
;
.
.
. .
!~.
~064363 based on lauric and myrisitic acids have a great tendency to deve-lop abundant foam. The soaps also can be formed "in situ"; in other words, a fatty acid can be added to the oil phase and an alkaline material to the aqueous phase.
Other examples of suitable anionic emulsifiers are alkali metal salts of alkyl-aryl sulfonic acids, sodium dialkyl sulfo-succinate, sulfated or sulfonated oils; e.g.~ sulfated castor oil; sulfonated tallow, and alkali salts of short chain petroleum sulfonic acids.
Examples of suitable cationic emulsifiers are salts of long chain primary, secondary, or tertiary amines, such as -oleylamine acetate, cetylamine acetate, di-dodecylamine lactate, dilauroyl triethylene tetramine diacetate, l-aminoethyl-2-hepta-decenyl imidazoline acetate; and quaternary salts, such as cetyl-pyridinium bromide, hexadecyl ethyl, morpholinium chloride, and diethyl didodecyl ammonium chloride.
Examples of suitable non-ionic emulsifiers are con-.... . .
densation products of higher fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide,such as the reaction product of oleyl alcohol with 10 ethylene oxide units; condensation products of alkylphenols with ethylene oxide, such as the reaction product of isooctylphenol with 12 ethylene oxide units; condensation products of higher fatty acid amides with 5, or more, ethylene oxide units; polyethylene glycol esters of long chain fatty acids, such as tetraethylene glycol monopalmitate, hexaethyleneglycol monolaurate, nonaethyleneglycol monostearate, nonaethyleneglycol monobehenate, tricosaethylenegly-col dibehenate, polyhydric alcohol partial higher fatty acid esters i ;' , .
''' ' `
such as sorbitan tristearate, ethylene oxide condensation products of polyhydric alcohol partial higher fatty acid esters, and their inner anhydrides (mannitolanhydride, called Mannitan, and sorbitol-anhydride, called Sorbitan), such as glycerol monopalmitate reacted with 10 molecules of ethylene oxide, pentaerythritol mono-oleate reacted with 12 molecules of ethylene oxide, sorbitan mono-stearate reacted with 10 to 15 molecules of ethylene oxide, man-nitan monopalmitate reacted with 10 to 15 molecules of ethylene oxide; long chain polyglycols in which one hydroxyl group is esterified with a higher fatty acid and the other hydroxyl group is etherified with a low molecular weight alcohol, such as meth-oxypolyethylene glycol 550 monostearate (550 meaning the average molecular weight of the polyglycol ether), ethoxylated castor oil, etc. A combination of two or more of these emulsifiers may be used; e.g., cationic may be blended with a nonionic or an anionic with a nonionic.
The surfactant is generally used in an amount from about 0.5% to about 10%, preferably from about 1% to about 3%, ` all by weight, based on the four components.
The composition of the present invention may further contain a component to regulate the pH of the composition to be compatible with the pH of the system in which the composition is to be employed. The pH of the composition can range from pH
1 to 14 and can be regulated by the addition of a Lewis acid or base to the composition in an amount sufficient to provide the required pH. The pH regulator can comprise from 10% to 90%, by weight, of the composition.
, :
: ::
The composition of the present invention is comprised of the three hereinabove described essential components, and preferably also a surfactant, but it is to be understood that the overall composition may lnclude other components, as known in the art, such as colorants, odorants, hydrophobic components, thickeners, etc. Similarly, although the composition is preferably employed in solid form, as hereinabove described, the composition may be dissolved or dispersed in a liquid vehicle or carrier.
In accordance with a particularly preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention is employed in tablet form. The composition may be formed into a tablet, by general procedures known in the art, by using a suitable tableting lubri-cant, such as a metal stearate, such as calcium stearate. The tablet may include other tableting components, such as, a binder, such as hydrophilic silica. The use of the composition in tablet form provides a convenient means of using the composition in previously controlled quantities.
The composition of the present invention may be :
employed for dispersing a solid or liquid contaminant in either water or polar organic solvent systems, preferably water. In addition, the composition effectively cleans such solid or liquid ;; contaminants from æurfaces on which the contaminant has pre-viously been deposited and, accordingly, the composition functions ` as both a cleaner and a dispersant. The term "contaminant"
as used herein includes any component which is not readily dis-perisble in the water or polar organic solvent and includes, but is not limited to: edible oils, needle oils, lubricating oils, sllt, mud, sludge, clay and the like. In addition, the composition :., ~ ~
effectively disperse solid substances, such as tobacco dust, which -may be entrained in a water system.
The compositions are preferably employed in aqueous systems; e.g., the cooling water for air conditioning systems;
process cooling systems in which cooling water is circulated through heat exchangers and/or cooling towers, air washers, etc.
The water becomes contaminated with various substances either through leaks in the cooling system, in the case where water is used for indirect heat exchange, or as a result of the water being used in an open tower. Thus, for example, in many air condi-tioning systems employing cooling water, the cooling water is circulated through a cooling tower and becomes contaminated by substances in the surrounding atmosphere. The compositions of -; the present invention, upon being added to such water, cleanse previously contaminated surface and prevent future fouling of such surfaces by maintaining the contaminants dispersed in the water.
In this manner, fouling of the heat exchange surfaces is prevented, and heat transfer efficiencies are maintained.
Although the compositions are preferably employed in aqueous system, it is to be understood that the compositions may be utilized in systems employing polar organic solvents with similar results.
In general, the compositions are added to the aqueous or polar organic system in an amount of at least 25 ppm. In general, the composition is not used in excess of about 4000 ppm in that no added beneficial effect is achieved from using greater amounts; however, it is to be understood, that, if desired, greater amounts could be employed. It is to be understood that .
"j 30 ~ ~.
' ' _ g _ ,.
:: :
:~ ' the specific amount to be employed will vary with each system, and the selection of an optimum amount is deemed to be within the scope of those skilled in the art from t he present teachings.
The following examples further illustrate the present invention, but it is to be understood that the scope of the inven-tion is not to be limited thereby. Unless otherwise specified all parts and percentages are by weight.
EXAMPLE I
Tablets having the following compositions were preEred.
A.
35.1~c 1. a block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and poly-oxypropylene having the polyoxypropylene as end blod~s (80~ polyoxyethylene 20~c polyoxypropylene-M.W. 9000 and sold under the mark Pluronic 25Rq~) 0. 22~c 2. Hydrophobic Silica 7. 73~c 3. a mixture of mineral seal oil and C10 to C
oxoalcohols (JS-l) 0.65% 4. mixture of castor oil ethoxylated with 15 moles of ethylene oxide (Llpal 15CO) arnd Laur;yl alcohol '.! 20 ethoxylated with 4 moles of ethylene oxide (Lipal 4L~) 47.5~c 5. Sodium carbonate (pH regulator) 1. 9% 6. Calcium stearate 6. 9~c_ 7. Binder of Hydrophilic Silica (Syloid 244 Grade 68) ; ~
lOO~c ~ -B.
.5 35. 0% 1. Pluronic 25R8 0. 22~c 2. Hydrophobic Silica - 7.63% 3. Mineral Seal oil and C10-Cl8 oxoalcohols ~. - 10 -.:,.... . , .. . - . : . - . .
- . , . . :
O. 6 5 ~ 4. Lipal 15CO & Lipal 4LA
47. 3~c 5. Sodium Sulfate (pH regulator~
31. 8~c 6. Calcium stearate 6.9~c 7. Syloid 244 0.5~c 8. Silanox (a hydrophobic silica used as a processing aid in forming the tablets).
100~c Composition A and B were each separately used in an aqueous cooling tower h~ving a 300 gal. capacity in an amount (based on water) of 95 ppm along with 1000 ppm ~based on water) of a con~aminat~ng oU. Additional Tablets are added when needed to maintain the concentration at about 95 ppm.
The operation in each case was observed for a period of 72 hours and there was no foaming a~d no deposition of oil on cooling tower parts.
OperatLon over a 72 hour period without use of the composition results in foaming and deposition of contaminatLng oU
on cooling tower parts.
EXAMPLE II
The followLng composltLons A through C were subject~l , to a foam test using 800 moles of aq!leous test solution in a one liter cylinder. The solution is drawn through an outlet located near the bottom of the cylinder by a recirculation pump and . ' ':
returned to the top of the cylinder to produce foam.
The components of the composltion are reported in parts per million present in the test solution, and the results ' are reported as maximum foam height (mls)/break time secs.
.', ' ~ .
., ,~,~ ' .. .. . - --. . , . ...... . ..... ~ .. .. ~ .. , . -~" ~ , - ~ . - , . . - . .. . , . - . - . - , .
A.
1. Hydrophobic silica ~Quso) 0.25 ppm
10643~;3 NON-FOAMING DISPERSING COMPOSITION
This invention relates to a non-foaming dispersant composition and the utilization thereof. More particularly, this invention relates to a composition and a method for elimi-nat ing fouling in water and polar organic systems.
In many systems, contamination and fouling present a severe problem. Thus, for example, in air washing and cooling water systems used, for example, in air conditioning, various process cooling and the like, con~tamination of the water with various liquid and solid foulants, such as oils, presents serious problems in that such foulants coat and foul heat transfer ~: .
surface s .
There have been many attempts to eliminate such foul-.~ .
ing, but in general, such attempts have met with only limited success as a result of either excessive foaming or incompatibi-lity with various additives, such as corrosioN inhibitors or biocides, which are present in the cooling water.
An object of this invention is to provide a new and improved dLspersant composltLon.
,, .
.;. :
', ..
., :
~':'l .
, ' ~ j3~ ' ". ~
.
Another object of this invention is to provide a com-position which is capable of dispersing foulants and/or cleaning fouled surfaces.
A further object of this invention is to provide for such dispersing and/or cleaning without foaming.
These and other objects of the present invention should become apparent from reading the following description thereof~
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a non-foaming, water soluble dispersant composition comprised of (1) hydrophobic silica; (2) a block copolymer of polyoxypropylene and polyoxyethylene wherein the end blocks, at both ends, of the block copolymer chain are polyoxypropylene;
and (3) an organic spreading liquid, the components being pre-sent in an amount effective to disperse contaminants in aqueous and polar organic systems without foaming.
The term "water soluble" as used herein means that the ,,~1 .
composition is soluble in the system in corrosion inhibiting amounts.
; 20 More particularly, the hydrophobic silica component of the composition, as known in the art, is prepared from hydro-philic silica which is treated to render the silica hydrophobic.
One suitable method for rendering the silica hydrophobic is to permanently affix a liquid hydrophobic polysiloxane oil onto the silica particles. Hydrophobic silica is well known in the art and, accordingly, no detailed description thereof is deemed neces-sary for a complete understanding of the present invention. The preparation and use of hydrophobic silica is described in U. S.
!
.~ ~
. - 3 -,' '. :
. ~.~ ., - .
~'.~ ..
, .~ .
Patent Nos. 3,207,698, 3,408,306; and 3,076,768, as well as the references referred to in such patents~
- A preferred silica is a precipitated ' silica, such as the precipitated silica sold as Quso-G30 The second component of the composition of the preser~
invention is a block copolyIller of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypro-pylene having the following structur I formula:
(C3 H6 ) x[A] y~C3H6]zH
wherein A is polyoxyethylene or a block copolymer of polyo~ypro-pylene and polyoxyethylene. x,y,z are integers greater than 1 to provide a block copolymer having weight average molecular weight , from about 1000 to about 25,000, preferably from about 1500 to about 15,000, with polyoxyethylene being present in the block copolymer in an amount from about 5~c to about 80%, preferably i, ...................................................................... . .
from about 20~ to about 80% and most preferably 40~c to 80~c, :
all by weight.
The third component of the composition is a ~vater Lnsoluble, organic spreading liquid of the type whlch Ls generally : .
employed as a carrler In known defoamlng composLtLons; however, unlL~ce such conventLonal defoamLng composLtions, the three ` - compcnent compositlon of the present invention is a solid. (It i8 to be understood, however, that the fact that the three component `I , . composition Ls a solid is not intended to preclude the use of ~he r.~ composition of the present invention dispersed or dissolved in a suitable liquid vehicle or carrier). The organic liquids employed in the composition of the present inventlon are generally liquid hydrocarbons, includirlg mixtures thereof9 which can be aliphatic, ~,! aromatic or alicyclic; such as mineral hydrocarbons, including , ~
,, .. ~,,~.
., . , ; ; , , . ~ . .
1~64363 mineral oils; i.e., paraffin oils, naphthenic oils, kerosene;
mineral seal oil, naphtha, benzene, heptane, octane, etc.; liquid halohydrocarbons; long chain alcohols, such as oxoalcohols (C10 and higher) nonyl or octyl alcohol, etc., long chain amine; such as 2-ethyl-1-aminoheptane; etc., long chain esters, such as, diglycol laurate, fatty acids, such as vegetable oils, etc.
The preferred organic liquids are hydrocarbons, pre-ferably those having a viscosity of about 30 SVS to 400 SUS at -~ 100F, and a boiling point of at least 150F, and long chain alcohols, in particular, long chain oxoalcohols (C10-Cl8) and mixtures thereof with hydrocarbons.
The three components are employed in a non-foaming dispersing amount, with the hydrophobic silica generally being -present in amounts from about 0.1% to about 10%, preferably 0.1% to about 1.0%; the block copolymer in an amount from about 10% to about 90%, preferably from about 75% to about 85%; and the organic liquid in an amount from about 5% to about 35%, ` preferably from about 10% to about 25~, all by weight, based on the three components.
In accordance with a preferred composition of the present invention, in addition to the hereinabove described three components, the composition further includes a surfactant in that improved properties are obtained by use of such a surfactant.
The surfactant may be either a cationic, anionic or non-ionic surfactant, as known in the art.
Examples of suitable anionic emulsifiers are alkali ; metal, ammonium, and amine soaps; the fatty acid part of such -soaps contains preferably at least 16 carbon atoms because soaps ~ .......................................................................... .
;
.
.
. .
!~.
~064363 based on lauric and myrisitic acids have a great tendency to deve-lop abundant foam. The soaps also can be formed "in situ"; in other words, a fatty acid can be added to the oil phase and an alkaline material to the aqueous phase.
Other examples of suitable anionic emulsifiers are alkali metal salts of alkyl-aryl sulfonic acids, sodium dialkyl sulfo-succinate, sulfated or sulfonated oils; e.g.~ sulfated castor oil; sulfonated tallow, and alkali salts of short chain petroleum sulfonic acids.
Examples of suitable cationic emulsifiers are salts of long chain primary, secondary, or tertiary amines, such as -oleylamine acetate, cetylamine acetate, di-dodecylamine lactate, dilauroyl triethylene tetramine diacetate, l-aminoethyl-2-hepta-decenyl imidazoline acetate; and quaternary salts, such as cetyl-pyridinium bromide, hexadecyl ethyl, morpholinium chloride, and diethyl didodecyl ammonium chloride.
Examples of suitable non-ionic emulsifiers are con-.... . .
densation products of higher fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide,such as the reaction product of oleyl alcohol with 10 ethylene oxide units; condensation products of alkylphenols with ethylene oxide, such as the reaction product of isooctylphenol with 12 ethylene oxide units; condensation products of higher fatty acid amides with 5, or more, ethylene oxide units; polyethylene glycol esters of long chain fatty acids, such as tetraethylene glycol monopalmitate, hexaethyleneglycol monolaurate, nonaethyleneglycol monostearate, nonaethyleneglycol monobehenate, tricosaethylenegly-col dibehenate, polyhydric alcohol partial higher fatty acid esters i ;' , .
''' ' `
such as sorbitan tristearate, ethylene oxide condensation products of polyhydric alcohol partial higher fatty acid esters, and their inner anhydrides (mannitolanhydride, called Mannitan, and sorbitol-anhydride, called Sorbitan), such as glycerol monopalmitate reacted with 10 molecules of ethylene oxide, pentaerythritol mono-oleate reacted with 12 molecules of ethylene oxide, sorbitan mono-stearate reacted with 10 to 15 molecules of ethylene oxide, man-nitan monopalmitate reacted with 10 to 15 molecules of ethylene oxide; long chain polyglycols in which one hydroxyl group is esterified with a higher fatty acid and the other hydroxyl group is etherified with a low molecular weight alcohol, such as meth-oxypolyethylene glycol 550 monostearate (550 meaning the average molecular weight of the polyglycol ether), ethoxylated castor oil, etc. A combination of two or more of these emulsifiers may be used; e.g., cationic may be blended with a nonionic or an anionic with a nonionic.
The surfactant is generally used in an amount from about 0.5% to about 10%, preferably from about 1% to about 3%, ` all by weight, based on the four components.
The composition of the present invention may further contain a component to regulate the pH of the composition to be compatible with the pH of the system in which the composition is to be employed. The pH of the composition can range from pH
1 to 14 and can be regulated by the addition of a Lewis acid or base to the composition in an amount sufficient to provide the required pH. The pH regulator can comprise from 10% to 90%, by weight, of the composition.
, :
: ::
The composition of the present invention is comprised of the three hereinabove described essential components, and preferably also a surfactant, but it is to be understood that the overall composition may lnclude other components, as known in the art, such as colorants, odorants, hydrophobic components, thickeners, etc. Similarly, although the composition is preferably employed in solid form, as hereinabove described, the composition may be dissolved or dispersed in a liquid vehicle or carrier.
In accordance with a particularly preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention is employed in tablet form. The composition may be formed into a tablet, by general procedures known in the art, by using a suitable tableting lubri-cant, such as a metal stearate, such as calcium stearate. The tablet may include other tableting components, such as, a binder, such as hydrophilic silica. The use of the composition in tablet form provides a convenient means of using the composition in previously controlled quantities.
The composition of the present invention may be :
employed for dispersing a solid or liquid contaminant in either water or polar organic solvent systems, preferably water. In addition, the composition effectively cleans such solid or liquid ;; contaminants from æurfaces on which the contaminant has pre-viously been deposited and, accordingly, the composition functions ` as both a cleaner and a dispersant. The term "contaminant"
as used herein includes any component which is not readily dis-perisble in the water or polar organic solvent and includes, but is not limited to: edible oils, needle oils, lubricating oils, sllt, mud, sludge, clay and the like. In addition, the composition :., ~ ~
effectively disperse solid substances, such as tobacco dust, which -may be entrained in a water system.
The compositions are preferably employed in aqueous systems; e.g., the cooling water for air conditioning systems;
process cooling systems in which cooling water is circulated through heat exchangers and/or cooling towers, air washers, etc.
The water becomes contaminated with various substances either through leaks in the cooling system, in the case where water is used for indirect heat exchange, or as a result of the water being used in an open tower. Thus, for example, in many air condi-tioning systems employing cooling water, the cooling water is circulated through a cooling tower and becomes contaminated by substances in the surrounding atmosphere. The compositions of -; the present invention, upon being added to such water, cleanse previously contaminated surface and prevent future fouling of such surfaces by maintaining the contaminants dispersed in the water.
In this manner, fouling of the heat exchange surfaces is prevented, and heat transfer efficiencies are maintained.
Although the compositions are preferably employed in aqueous system, it is to be understood that the compositions may be utilized in systems employing polar organic solvents with similar results.
In general, the compositions are added to the aqueous or polar organic system in an amount of at least 25 ppm. In general, the composition is not used in excess of about 4000 ppm in that no added beneficial effect is achieved from using greater amounts; however, it is to be understood, that, if desired, greater amounts could be employed. It is to be understood that .
"j 30 ~ ~.
' ' _ g _ ,.
:: :
:~ ' the specific amount to be employed will vary with each system, and the selection of an optimum amount is deemed to be within the scope of those skilled in the art from t he present teachings.
The following examples further illustrate the present invention, but it is to be understood that the scope of the inven-tion is not to be limited thereby. Unless otherwise specified all parts and percentages are by weight.
EXAMPLE I
Tablets having the following compositions were preEred.
A.
35.1~c 1. a block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and poly-oxypropylene having the polyoxypropylene as end blod~s (80~ polyoxyethylene 20~c polyoxypropylene-M.W. 9000 and sold under the mark Pluronic 25Rq~) 0. 22~c 2. Hydrophobic Silica 7. 73~c 3. a mixture of mineral seal oil and C10 to C
oxoalcohols (JS-l) 0.65% 4. mixture of castor oil ethoxylated with 15 moles of ethylene oxide (Llpal 15CO) arnd Laur;yl alcohol '.! 20 ethoxylated with 4 moles of ethylene oxide (Lipal 4L~) 47.5~c 5. Sodium carbonate (pH regulator) 1. 9% 6. Calcium stearate 6. 9~c_ 7. Binder of Hydrophilic Silica (Syloid 244 Grade 68) ; ~
lOO~c ~ -B.
.5 35. 0% 1. Pluronic 25R8 0. 22~c 2. Hydrophobic Silica - 7.63% 3. Mineral Seal oil and C10-Cl8 oxoalcohols ~. - 10 -.:,.... . , .. . - . : . - . .
- . , . . :
O. 6 5 ~ 4. Lipal 15CO & Lipal 4LA
47. 3~c 5. Sodium Sulfate (pH regulator~
31. 8~c 6. Calcium stearate 6.9~c 7. Syloid 244 0.5~c 8. Silanox (a hydrophobic silica used as a processing aid in forming the tablets).
100~c Composition A and B were each separately used in an aqueous cooling tower h~ving a 300 gal. capacity in an amount (based on water) of 95 ppm along with 1000 ppm ~based on water) of a con~aminat~ng oU. Additional Tablets are added when needed to maintain the concentration at about 95 ppm.
The operation in each case was observed for a period of 72 hours and there was no foaming a~d no deposition of oil on cooling tower parts.
OperatLon over a 72 hour period without use of the composition results in foaming and deposition of contaminatLng oU
on cooling tower parts.
EXAMPLE II
The followLng composltLons A through C were subject~l , to a foam test using 800 moles of aq!leous test solution in a one liter cylinder. The solution is drawn through an outlet located near the bottom of the cylinder by a recirculation pump and . ' ':
returned to the top of the cylinder to produce foam.
The components of the composltion are reported in parts per million present in the test solution, and the results ' are reported as maximum foam height (mls)/break time secs.
.', ' ~ .
., ,~,~ ' .. .. . - --. . , . ...... . ..... ~ .. .. ~ .. , . -~" ~ , - ~ . - , . . - . .. . , . - . - . - , .
A.
1. Hydrophobic silica ~Quso) 0.25 ppm
2. #7 Process oil (1û5. 9SUS at 100F) 9. 55-9. 75ppm $)
3. Pluronic 25R8 (a block copolymer of polyoxyet hylene and polyoxypro - :
pylene having end blocks of poly-oxypropylene M. W. 9000; 80%
polyoxyethylene) 40 ppm
pylene having end blocks of poly-oxypropylene M. W. 9000; 80%
polyoxyethylene) 40 ppm
4. Castor oil ethoxylated with 15 -moles ,Rf ethylene oxide (Lipal 15 co)w 0,2 ppm Test Result 100/6 B, ., ~
1. Quso 0.25 ppm ;~ 15 2. #7 ProcessOLl (105. 9 SUS at ~' 100F) ~ 9. 55-9. 75 ppm .."
3. Pluronic F 108 (a block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypro-- pylene having end blocks of polyoxy-'. 20 ethylene-M W. 14, 000; 80~c polyoxy-.~', ethylene) 40 ppm .', ~ .
4. Lipal 15 CO 0, 2 ppm , ., - Test Results 150/12 .. ~ . :
C. '.
1. Ethylene bls-stearamlde (a hydrophobic solLd used Ln defoamers) 0.25 ppm 2. #7 Process Oil 9. 55-9. 75ppm 3. PluronLc 25R8 40 ppm .' 4. LLpal 15 CO 0.2 ppm Test Results 150/11 .... .
~t The composLtLon of the present Lnvention, as hereLn-:,~ . . ..
3 above described, Ls comprLsed of three essential components, and the omLssion of any one of the components has an adverse effect. T~s, for example, the use of a block copolymer of . ~ .
~ 7 - 12 ;.'i~. .
.... . .. .. .. . - .. - . . .. . ................... ... .. . . .. . . .
oxyet hylene and oxypropylene where in t he end blocks are oxy-ethylene, instead of oxypropylene, as in the present invention, produ ce s an infer ior compos it ion . S im ilar IYJ t he sub st itut ion of the hydrophobic solid, ethylene bis-stearamide for hydrophobic silica, also results in an inferior product.
The present invention is particularly advantageous in that fouling can be prevented in aqueous or polar organic systems, without adverse foaming.
Numerous modifications and variations of the present 1~ invention are possible in light of the above teachings and, thére-fore, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as particularly described, :
. :
'~
',''. .
.-,~ ' ' '.
.~
'' " .
.
1. Quso 0.25 ppm ;~ 15 2. #7 ProcessOLl (105. 9 SUS at ~' 100F) ~ 9. 55-9. 75 ppm .."
3. Pluronic F 108 (a block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypro-- pylene having end blocks of polyoxy-'. 20 ethylene-M W. 14, 000; 80~c polyoxy-.~', ethylene) 40 ppm .', ~ .
4. Lipal 15 CO 0, 2 ppm , ., - Test Results 150/12 .. ~ . :
C. '.
1. Ethylene bls-stearamlde (a hydrophobic solLd used Ln defoamers) 0.25 ppm 2. #7 Process Oil 9. 55-9. 75ppm 3. PluronLc 25R8 40 ppm .' 4. LLpal 15 CO 0.2 ppm Test Results 150/11 .... .
~t The composLtLon of the present Lnvention, as hereLn-:,~ . . ..
3 above described, Ls comprLsed of three essential components, and the omLssion of any one of the components has an adverse effect. T~s, for example, the use of a block copolymer of . ~ .
~ 7 - 12 ;.'i~. .
.... . .. .. .. . - .. - . . .. . ................... ... .. . . .. . . .
oxyet hylene and oxypropylene where in t he end blocks are oxy-ethylene, instead of oxypropylene, as in the present invention, produ ce s an infer ior compos it ion . S im ilar IYJ t he sub st itut ion of the hydrophobic solid, ethylene bis-stearamide for hydrophobic silica, also results in an inferior product.
The present invention is particularly advantageous in that fouling can be prevented in aqueous or polar organic systems, without adverse foaming.
Numerous modifications and variations of the present 1~ invention are possible in light of the above teachings and, thére-fore, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as particularly described, :
. :
'~
',''. .
.-,~ ' ' '.
.~
'' " .
.
Claims (11)
1. A non-foaming dispersing composition for dispersing contaminants in aqueous and polar organic systems, comprising:
(a) hydrophobic silica;
(b) a block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and poly-oxypropylene wherein both ends of the block copolymer chain is polyoxypropylene, and (c) a water insoluble organic spreading liquid, said components (a), (b), and (c) being present in an amount to provide a solid composition, based on the three components, effective to disperse contaminants in aqueous and polar organic systems with-out foaming.
(a) hydrophobic silica;
(b) a block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and poly-oxypropylene wherein both ends of the block copolymer chain is polyoxypropylene, and (c) a water insoluble organic spreading liquid, said components (a), (b), and (c) being present in an amount to provide a solid composition, based on the three components, effective to disperse contaminants in aqueous and polar organic systems with-out foaming.
2. The composition of Claim 1 wherein the block copolymer has a weight average molecular weight from about 1000 to about 25,000.
3. The composition of Claim 2 wherein the block copolymer is comprised of from 5% to 80%, by weight, of polyoxy-ethylene.
4. The composition of Claim 3 wherein component (a) is present in an amount from 0.1% to 10%, component (b) in an amount from 10% to 90%, and component (c) in an amount from 5% to 35%, all by weight, based on the three components.
5. The composition of Claim 4 wherein the composition further includes a surfactant.
6. The composition of Claim 5 wherein the surfactant is present in an amount from 0.5% to 10%, by weight, based on the four components.
7. The composition of Claim 6 wherein component (c) is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, halohydro-carbons, long chain alcohols, long chain amines, long chain esters, fatty acids and mixtures thereof.
8. The composition of Claim 7 wherein the block co-polymer has a weight average molecular weight from 1500 to 15,000.
9. The composition of Claim 8 wherein the block co-polymer contains 80% polyoxyethylene and 20% polyoxypropylene.
10. The composition of Claim 1 wherein the composition is in the form of a tablet.
11. A process for dispersing contaminants in an aqueous or polar organic system comprising:
adding to the system in an amount effective to disperse the contaminants without foaming hydrophobic silica; water insol-uble organic spreading liquid; and a block copolymer of polyoxy-propylene and polyoxyethylene wherein both ends of the block copolymer chain is polyoxypropylene.
adding to the system in an amount effective to disperse the contaminants without foaming hydrophobic silica; water insol-uble organic spreading liquid; and a block copolymer of polyoxy-propylene and polyoxyethylene wherein both ends of the block copolymer chain is polyoxypropylene.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/504,099 US3959176A (en) | 1974-09-09 | 1974-09-09 | Non-foaming dispersing composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1064363A true CA1064363A (en) | 1979-10-16 |
Family
ID=24004842
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA234,923A Expired CA1064363A (en) | 1974-09-09 | 1975-09-08 | Non-foaming dispersing composition |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3959176A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5518132B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE833236A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7505731A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1064363A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2539343C2 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL187389C (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2398813A1 (en) * | 1977-07-27 | 1979-02-23 | Peugeot | PROCESS AVOIDING THE FORMATION OF DEPOSITS IN HEAT EXCHANGER CIRCUITS |
| IT1193212B (en) * | 1979-08-10 | 1988-06-15 | Anic Spa | DISPERSING ADDITIVES FOR LUBRICANTS AND METHOD FOR THEIR PREPARATION |
| US4310434A (en) * | 1980-05-28 | 1982-01-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Poly(ethylene oxide) compositions with controlled solubility characteristics |
| US4396522A (en) * | 1981-05-13 | 1983-08-02 | The Proctor & Gamble Company | Polyethylene oxide cake with reduced gelling for flush toilet wastewater sanitation |
| US4514319A (en) * | 1983-03-25 | 1985-04-30 | Union Carbide Corporation | Antifoam composition containing hydrocarbon-silicon copolymer, hydrophobic filler and hydrocarbon oil |
| US5045232A (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-09-03 | Rhone-Poulenc Specialty Chemicals, L.P. | Low viscosity defoaming/antiforming formulations |
| IL95030A0 (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-06-10 | Gaf Chemicals Corp | Low viscosity defoaming/antifoaming formulations |
| US5275822A (en) * | 1989-10-19 | 1994-01-04 | Valentine Enterprises, Inc. | Defoaming composition |
| USRE35893E (en) * | 1989-10-19 | 1998-09-08 | Valentine Enterprises, Inc. | Defoaming composition |
| US5073384A (en) * | 1989-10-19 | 1991-12-17 | Valentine Enterprises, Inc. | Maltodextrin/defoaming composition combinate |
| US5104904A (en) * | 1990-04-23 | 1992-04-14 | Crowley Chemical Co. | Use of aromatic petroleum oils as surfactant for polyurethane foams |
| FR2781809B1 (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2002-06-07 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | DEGREASING COMPOSITION AND METHODS USING THE SAME |
| US6701940B2 (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2004-03-09 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Hard surface cleaners containing ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer surfactants |
| AU2007304833B2 (en) * | 2006-10-05 | 2012-06-21 | Quik Corp Fire Pty Ltd | A block for chemically dosing a stream of fluid and an apparatus for housing the block |
| JP5996822B1 (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-09-21 | 株式会社ニイタカ | Cleaning composition for automatic cleaning machine |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3078315A (en) * | 1955-09-02 | 1963-02-19 | Union Carbide Corp | Polyoxyalkylene products |
| US2964478A (en) * | 1958-01-13 | 1960-12-13 | Petrolite Corp | Process for breaking emulsions of the oil-in-water class |
| US3021372A (en) * | 1959-07-16 | 1962-02-13 | Rohm & Haas | Low foam, high wetting polypropyleneterminated alkylphenoxypolyethoxyalkanols |
| US3408306A (en) * | 1959-07-20 | 1968-10-29 | Hercules Inc | Method of controlling foaming |
| NL120374C (en) * | 1959-07-20 | |||
| NL285082A (en) * | 1962-02-28 | |||
| US3207698A (en) * | 1963-02-13 | 1965-09-21 | Nopco Chem Co | Composition and method for defoaming aqueous systems |
| US3207655A (en) * | 1963-02-13 | 1965-09-21 | Nopco Chem Co | Defoamer containing a siliceous amino amide composition used for defoaming black liquor produced in pulping processes |
| US3557017A (en) * | 1966-08-08 | 1971-01-19 | Petrolite Corp | Use of ultra high molecular weight polymers as demulsifiers |
| US3697442A (en) * | 1970-08-13 | 1972-10-10 | Betz Laboratories | Compositions for controlling foam in aqueous systems and its method of use |
| DE2059707A1 (en) * | 1970-12-04 | 1972-06-08 | Basf Ag | Petroleum emulsion breaker |
| US3714068A (en) * | 1970-12-28 | 1973-01-30 | Philadelphia Quartz Co | Silica |
| JPS5140555B2 (en) * | 1971-09-01 | 1976-11-04 | ||
| US3730907A (en) * | 1971-12-21 | 1973-05-01 | Hart Chemical Ltd | Process of production of defoamercompositions |
| US3784479A (en) * | 1972-05-15 | 1974-01-08 | Dow Corning | Foam control composition |
-
1974
- 1974-09-09 US US05/504,099 patent/US3959176A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1975
- 1975-09-04 DE DE2539343A patent/DE2539343C2/en not_active Expired
- 1975-09-05 JP JP10791275A patent/JPS5518132B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1975-09-08 CA CA234,923A patent/CA1064363A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-09-08 NL NLAANVRAGE7510558,A patent/NL187389C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-09-08 BR BR7505731*A patent/BR7505731A/en unknown
- 1975-09-09 BE BE159883A patent/BE833236A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5154887A (en) | 1976-05-14 |
| NL187389C (en) | 1991-09-16 |
| JPS5518132B2 (en) | 1980-05-16 |
| BE833236A (en) | 1975-12-31 |
| US3959176A (en) | 1976-05-25 |
| BR7505731A (en) | 1976-08-03 |
| DE2539343C2 (en) | 1986-04-17 |
| DE2539343A1 (en) | 1976-03-18 |
| NL7510558A (en) | 1976-03-11 |
| NL187389B (en) | 1991-04-16 |
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