CA1097161A - Pre-cleaner for combustion engines - Google Patents
Pre-cleaner for combustion enginesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1097161A CA1097161A CA316,699A CA316699A CA1097161A CA 1097161 A CA1097161 A CA 1097161A CA 316699 A CA316699 A CA 316699A CA 1097161 A CA1097161 A CA 1097161A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- air
- cleaner
- wall
- inlet
- inlet means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/02—Air cleaners
- F02M35/022—Air cleaners acting by gravity, by centrifugal, or by other inertial forces, e.g. with moistened walls
Abstract
Abstract Apparatus for, and the method of, cleaning air, for engines and related uses, including an air cleaner with a body having a vertical axis and including a cylindrical wall, a solid top clo-sure, and a bottom closure including an axial, reentrant, cleaned air outlet conduit defining with the wall a lower annular space, the wall being provided with a lateral scavenge outlet to the annular space below the upper end of the outlet conduit, with a plurality of inwardly formed spirally oriented peripheral ambient air inlet louvers spaced therearound above the upper end of the outlet conduit, and with a bleeder arrangement including a plural-ity of secondary ambient air inlet ports spaced around the wall above the louvers and adjacent the lid, the arrangement being designed for connection of the outlet conduit to the inlet of an engine, to enable air flow to the engine inwardly through the louvers and the bleeder means, and for connection of the scavenge outlet to aspirating apparatus such as an aspirator actuated by the exhaust of the engine, for causing a scavenging flow of air from the annular space.
Description
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Background of the Invention This invention relates to the field of air cleaning, ~ --and particularly to a new air cleaner for precleaning use with agricultural machinery which must operate in an environment of airborne chaff.
In such environments the life of an air filter if used alone is impractically short, and the practice has arisen of in-stalling a centrifugal cleaner in the line conducting ambient air to the filter, to remove the larger particles which otherwise quickly clog the filter. In such installations the centrifugal ``~ cleaner is known, from its spatial location, as a precleaner.
`~ By its use the service life of a subsequent air filter is greatly ` extended, and by scavenging the centrifugal precleaner a very acceptable overall system results.
We are aware that it is known to mount a centrifugal precleaner having a closed top with its axis vertical, ambient ~ -~
.~
~` air being drawn in through spiral louvers around the upper por- ~
tion of the device, and treated air being drawn out through a ;
reentrant axial outlet conduit in the otherwise closed bottom, : 20 and a tangential scavenger opening being provided in the lower portion for connection to a suitable aspirator to continuously dispose of centrifugally separated particulate matter The princi-pal flow of air through the cleaner is helically downward, and ; a parasitic eddy of air is present at the top of the cleaner.
This arrangement has several advantages, but suffers ~-from an imperfection in operation, particularly where the air ambient to the device is laden with pollutants of low density ~ ^
such as particles of chaff. We have found that a considerable -~
part of this material is deflected upwardly into the eddy just mentioned, during precleaner operation, to form a continuously ;
rotating central mass at the top of the precleaner: when the flow of air is terminated, as by shutting down an engine being ;
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supplied therewith, the eddy disintegrates and the circling mass of chaff simply drops down into the outlet conduit, to be ingested when the air flow is next resumed: this of course is undesirable.
Summary of the Invention This invention has both method and apparatus aspects. With respect to apparatus, the invention is directed to an air precleaner or an air cleaner comprising a body having a vertical axis and including a cylindrical wall, a top closure, and a bottom closure including an axial cleaned air outlet conduit. The wall is provided with peripheral air inlet means for establishing a rotating flow of air in the body. Bleeder means are also provided for supplying a purging radial flow of air into the cleaner above the peripheral inlet means. This inhibi-ts the formation of a pollutant-laden eddy in the top of the cleaner.
Viewed in a somewhat diEferent way, this invention is also directed to an air cleaner wherein there is a cylindrical body having a vertical axis and upper and lower closed endsO A tangential scavenge outlet at the bottom of the body is provided. An outlet conduit reentrant axially into the lower closed end of the cleaner to a height above the scavenging outlet is also provided.
Primary input means are provided in the upper portion of the body for admitting ambient air thereto with a rotary motion having a downward component. Secondary inlet means are also provided in the body adjacent the upper closed end thereof for admitting ambient air thereto radially.
The bottom closure may include an axial, reentrant, cleaned air outlet conduit defining with the wall a lower ~97~6~11L
annular space. The wall is preferably provided with a lateral scavenge outlet below the upper end of the outlet conduit. The peripheral air inlet means may comprise a plurality of inwardly formed spirally oriented ambient air inlet louvers spaced around the wall above the upper end. This allows ambient air to be admitted into the body in such a way that a principal portion of the air has down-ward and tangential components of motion, and a minor portion of the air has upward and tangential components of motion. This establishes a principal downward helical flow of the air in the body for centrifugal loss of particulate matter by contact with the wall below the inlet means, and without the bleeder means would favour the formation of a continuous eddy of the air above the inlet means. The bleeder means may comprise a plura:Lity of secondary ambient air inlet ports spaced around the wall above the louvers and ad~acent the lid. Means Eor receiving the particulate matter from the downward helical flow of air may also be provided.
This invention is also directed to an engine (e.g.
an internal combustion engine) having an inlet, an exhaust and an air cleaner. The air cleaner is substantially as defined above. Connecting means are provided to connect the outlet conduit to the inlet of the engine to enable air flow to the engine inwardly through the louvers and the bleeder means. Aspirating means are coupled to the scavenge outlet and to the exhaust of the engine for causing a scavenging flow of air from the annular space.
This invention is also directed to a method of treating air centrifugally as follows: Primary ambient air is admitted tangentially to a cleaner and air is - 2a -~L097~6~
axially withdrawn from the bottom of the cleaner so that the air follows a downward helical path in the cleaner.
A minor quantlty of secondary ambient air is admitted to the cleaner radially at the top thereof, and preferably also a minor quantity of air is aspirated from the cleaner at a low peripheral site.
In the context of an engine such as an internal combustion engine, this invention is directed to a method of cleaning ambient air of particulate pollutants which comprises the steps of simultaneously establishing coaxial primary and secondary helical flows of air having downward and upward components of motion respectively and having tangential components of motion in the same direction.
The particulate matter is removed from the primary helical flow by a scavenging air flow. (The primary flow favors centrifugal removal of particulate matter, and the secondary flow favors the establishment of a continuous eddy above the primary ~low.) Simultaneously,, a radial Elow of the ambient air is introduced (preferably in a small quantity) into the eddy near the top thereof. This inhibits the formation of the eddy and promotes the blending of the primary and secondary flows. The cleaned air is fed into the engine intake.
Brief Description of the Drawing In the drawing, FIGURE 1 is a side view of a precleaner embodying the invention, with parts broken away or shown in section, and with accessory items shown in phantom;
FIGURE 2 is a sectional view taken along the line
Background of the Invention This invention relates to the field of air cleaning, ~ --and particularly to a new air cleaner for precleaning use with agricultural machinery which must operate in an environment of airborne chaff.
In such environments the life of an air filter if used alone is impractically short, and the practice has arisen of in-stalling a centrifugal cleaner in the line conducting ambient air to the filter, to remove the larger particles which otherwise quickly clog the filter. In such installations the centrifugal ``~ cleaner is known, from its spatial location, as a precleaner.
`~ By its use the service life of a subsequent air filter is greatly ` extended, and by scavenging the centrifugal precleaner a very acceptable overall system results.
We are aware that it is known to mount a centrifugal precleaner having a closed top with its axis vertical, ambient ~ -~
.~
~` air being drawn in through spiral louvers around the upper por- ~
tion of the device, and treated air being drawn out through a ;
reentrant axial outlet conduit in the otherwise closed bottom, : 20 and a tangential scavenger opening being provided in the lower portion for connection to a suitable aspirator to continuously dispose of centrifugally separated particulate matter The princi-pal flow of air through the cleaner is helically downward, and ; a parasitic eddy of air is present at the top of the cleaner.
This arrangement has several advantages, but suffers ~-from an imperfection in operation, particularly where the air ambient to the device is laden with pollutants of low density ~ ^
such as particles of chaff. We have found that a considerable -~
part of this material is deflected upwardly into the eddy just mentioned, during precleaner operation, to form a continuously ;
rotating central mass at the top of the precleaner: when the flow of air is terminated, as by shutting down an engine being ;
-1- '~`
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supplied therewith, the eddy disintegrates and the circling mass of chaff simply drops down into the outlet conduit, to be ingested when the air flow is next resumed: this of course is undesirable.
Summary of the Invention This invention has both method and apparatus aspects. With respect to apparatus, the invention is directed to an air precleaner or an air cleaner comprising a body having a vertical axis and including a cylindrical wall, a top closure, and a bottom closure including an axial cleaned air outlet conduit. The wall is provided with peripheral air inlet means for establishing a rotating flow of air in the body. Bleeder means are also provided for supplying a purging radial flow of air into the cleaner above the peripheral inlet means. This inhibi-ts the formation of a pollutant-laden eddy in the top of the cleaner.
Viewed in a somewhat diEferent way, this invention is also directed to an air cleaner wherein there is a cylindrical body having a vertical axis and upper and lower closed endsO A tangential scavenge outlet at the bottom of the body is provided. An outlet conduit reentrant axially into the lower closed end of the cleaner to a height above the scavenging outlet is also provided.
Primary input means are provided in the upper portion of the body for admitting ambient air thereto with a rotary motion having a downward component. Secondary inlet means are also provided in the body adjacent the upper closed end thereof for admitting ambient air thereto radially.
The bottom closure may include an axial, reentrant, cleaned air outlet conduit defining with the wall a lower ~97~6~11L
annular space. The wall is preferably provided with a lateral scavenge outlet below the upper end of the outlet conduit. The peripheral air inlet means may comprise a plurality of inwardly formed spirally oriented ambient air inlet louvers spaced around the wall above the upper end. This allows ambient air to be admitted into the body in such a way that a principal portion of the air has down-ward and tangential components of motion, and a minor portion of the air has upward and tangential components of motion. This establishes a principal downward helical flow of the air in the body for centrifugal loss of particulate matter by contact with the wall below the inlet means, and without the bleeder means would favour the formation of a continuous eddy of the air above the inlet means. The bleeder means may comprise a plura:Lity of secondary ambient air inlet ports spaced around the wall above the louvers and ad~acent the lid. Means Eor receiving the particulate matter from the downward helical flow of air may also be provided.
This invention is also directed to an engine (e.g.
an internal combustion engine) having an inlet, an exhaust and an air cleaner. The air cleaner is substantially as defined above. Connecting means are provided to connect the outlet conduit to the inlet of the engine to enable air flow to the engine inwardly through the louvers and the bleeder means. Aspirating means are coupled to the scavenge outlet and to the exhaust of the engine for causing a scavenging flow of air from the annular space.
This invention is also directed to a method of treating air centrifugally as follows: Primary ambient air is admitted tangentially to a cleaner and air is - 2a -~L097~6~
axially withdrawn from the bottom of the cleaner so that the air follows a downward helical path in the cleaner.
A minor quantlty of secondary ambient air is admitted to the cleaner radially at the top thereof, and preferably also a minor quantity of air is aspirated from the cleaner at a low peripheral site.
In the context of an engine such as an internal combustion engine, this invention is directed to a method of cleaning ambient air of particulate pollutants which comprises the steps of simultaneously establishing coaxial primary and secondary helical flows of air having downward and upward components of motion respectively and having tangential components of motion in the same direction.
The particulate matter is removed from the primary helical flow by a scavenging air flow. (The primary flow favors centrifugal removal of particulate matter, and the secondary flow favors the establishment of a continuous eddy above the primary ~low.) Simultaneously,, a radial Elow of the ambient air is introduced (preferably in a small quantity) into the eddy near the top thereof. This inhibits the formation of the eddy and promotes the blending of the primary and secondary flows. The cleaned air is fed into the engine intake.
Brief Description of the Drawing In the drawing, FIGURE 1 is a side view of a precleaner embodying the invention, with parts broken away or shown in section, and with accessory items shown in phantom;
FIGURE 2 is a sectional view taken along the line
2-2 of FIGURE 1, and;
FIGURES 3 and 4 are enlarged fragmentary sectional views or portions of the precleaner.
- 2b -,.... .
9~7~1L~i1 Description of the Preferred Embodiment .
As shown in the drawing, our precleaner comprises a body 11 having a cylindrical metal wall 12 arranged with its axis 13 vertical. The bottom 14 of the device is closed by an annular partition 15 through which there passes an axial outlet -conduit 16 for precleaned air, suitably slotted as at 17 for connection by a clamp 18 to a vertical conduit 19 leading to an engine, not shown, to which precleaner air is to be supplied, and which may include an air filter or other second cleaning stage if desired. Conduit 16 is reentrant into body 11 for a considerable distance, to define with wall 12 an annular channel ~-; 20, and partition 15 is securely sealed to body 11 at 21, and to conduit 16, at 22. A solid closure or lid 23 is pressed into and secured to body 11 at its top end, and a rain cap 24 is preferably secured to lid 23 unless this protection is not de-sired.
A set of ten inwardly formed louvers 25 are evenly spaced around the upper part of body 11 to comprise the principal inlet for ambient air to the precleaner. The louvers are spirally oriented at a helix angle of 35, to give the entering air a tan-gential and slightly downward component of motion. A lateral --opening 26 is provided near the bottom of body 11, below the top of conduit 16, to which is secured a tangential conduit 27 for connection as suggested at 28 to a suitable aspirating arrange-ment 30 which may conveniently be actuated by exhaust gases from the engine, supplied at 31. The direction of tangency of conduit 27 is of course coordinated with the direction of flow of air through the precleaner, and the outflow through connection 28 may be about ten percent of the total outflow from the device.
At the top of the precleaner, in line with the inner surface of lid 23, there are provided bleeder means comprising a number of secondary air inlet ports 32, which are located ~t9~7:~L6~
symmetrically about axis 13 of body 11. In the drawing, four such ports are shown, which appears to be a practical minimum -number. The symmetry and axial location of these ports are more critical than their actual dimensions or number. We have found that a total port area equal to about one-fifteenth of the louver area is quite satisfactory for the purpose of preventing a whirling mass of chaff from collecting at the top of the precleaner.
In one successful embodiment of the invention the fol-lowing dimensions were found satisfactory.
Diameter of Body 11 - 9 in.
Length of Body 11 - 9 3/4 in.
Number of Louvers 25 - 10 Total Louver Area - 15 in.2 Number of Ports 32 - 4 Total Port Area - 1 in.2 Diameter of Conduit 16 - 4 1/2 in.
Diameter of Conduit 26 - 1 1/2 in.
Throughput - 450 CFM
Resctriction at 450 CFM - 4.1 in. (H2O) Operation The operation o~ our precleaner in a system such as that suggested is as follows. When the engine is in operation, air is drawn thereto through conduit 19, and the engine exhaust ; gas supplied at 31 creates an aspirating suction at 26. As a result, air is drawn into the precleaner through louvers 25, and to a lesser extent through ports 32, to pass out through conduit 16, and to a lesser extent through conduit 27. The principal flow of air in body 11 is helically downward, and its rotary components causes centrifugal displacement of particulate matter radially outwardly, to move gravitationally down the inner wall of body 11 into annular space 20. From here it is -4~
~09716~
scavenged by aspiration through conduit 28 and discharged with the exhaust from aspirator 30.
As the ambient air rushes in to louvers 25, some of the particulate pollutants entering at each louver impinge on the rear surface of the succeeding louver, and are deflected upwardly, still with some tangential component of motion. These particles enter the small, initially radial supply of air through .
ports 32 and are carried with that air as it moves downwardly and then helically by merging with the principal flow so that not .
only the deflected particles but any particles originally enter- :
ing through ports 32 are centrifugally separated and scavenged.
It will be evident that by reason of the purging sweep of air from ports 32 there is no possiblity for particulate matter to build up as a rotating mass at the top of the preclean-er, since that area is continually swept by air entering radially through ports 32.
Numerous characteristics and advantages of our invention have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with details of the structure and function of the invention, and the :: 20 novel features thereof are pointed out in the appended claims.
The disclosure, however, is illustrative only, and changes may be made in detail, especially in matters of shape, size, and `
arrangement of parts, within the principle of the invention, to the full extent indicated by the broad general meaning of the ~ :~
; terms in which the appended claims are expressed.
~:--5- ;~
FIGURES 3 and 4 are enlarged fragmentary sectional views or portions of the precleaner.
- 2b -,.... .
9~7~1L~i1 Description of the Preferred Embodiment .
As shown in the drawing, our precleaner comprises a body 11 having a cylindrical metal wall 12 arranged with its axis 13 vertical. The bottom 14 of the device is closed by an annular partition 15 through which there passes an axial outlet -conduit 16 for precleaned air, suitably slotted as at 17 for connection by a clamp 18 to a vertical conduit 19 leading to an engine, not shown, to which precleaner air is to be supplied, and which may include an air filter or other second cleaning stage if desired. Conduit 16 is reentrant into body 11 for a considerable distance, to define with wall 12 an annular channel ~-; 20, and partition 15 is securely sealed to body 11 at 21, and to conduit 16, at 22. A solid closure or lid 23 is pressed into and secured to body 11 at its top end, and a rain cap 24 is preferably secured to lid 23 unless this protection is not de-sired.
A set of ten inwardly formed louvers 25 are evenly spaced around the upper part of body 11 to comprise the principal inlet for ambient air to the precleaner. The louvers are spirally oriented at a helix angle of 35, to give the entering air a tan-gential and slightly downward component of motion. A lateral --opening 26 is provided near the bottom of body 11, below the top of conduit 16, to which is secured a tangential conduit 27 for connection as suggested at 28 to a suitable aspirating arrange-ment 30 which may conveniently be actuated by exhaust gases from the engine, supplied at 31. The direction of tangency of conduit 27 is of course coordinated with the direction of flow of air through the precleaner, and the outflow through connection 28 may be about ten percent of the total outflow from the device.
At the top of the precleaner, in line with the inner surface of lid 23, there are provided bleeder means comprising a number of secondary air inlet ports 32, which are located ~t9~7:~L6~
symmetrically about axis 13 of body 11. In the drawing, four such ports are shown, which appears to be a practical minimum -number. The symmetry and axial location of these ports are more critical than their actual dimensions or number. We have found that a total port area equal to about one-fifteenth of the louver area is quite satisfactory for the purpose of preventing a whirling mass of chaff from collecting at the top of the precleaner.
In one successful embodiment of the invention the fol-lowing dimensions were found satisfactory.
Diameter of Body 11 - 9 in.
Length of Body 11 - 9 3/4 in.
Number of Louvers 25 - 10 Total Louver Area - 15 in.2 Number of Ports 32 - 4 Total Port Area - 1 in.2 Diameter of Conduit 16 - 4 1/2 in.
Diameter of Conduit 26 - 1 1/2 in.
Throughput - 450 CFM
Resctriction at 450 CFM - 4.1 in. (H2O) Operation The operation o~ our precleaner in a system such as that suggested is as follows. When the engine is in operation, air is drawn thereto through conduit 19, and the engine exhaust ; gas supplied at 31 creates an aspirating suction at 26. As a result, air is drawn into the precleaner through louvers 25, and to a lesser extent through ports 32, to pass out through conduit 16, and to a lesser extent through conduit 27. The principal flow of air in body 11 is helically downward, and its rotary components causes centrifugal displacement of particulate matter radially outwardly, to move gravitationally down the inner wall of body 11 into annular space 20. From here it is -4~
~09716~
scavenged by aspiration through conduit 28 and discharged with the exhaust from aspirator 30.
As the ambient air rushes in to louvers 25, some of the particulate pollutants entering at each louver impinge on the rear surface of the succeeding louver, and are deflected upwardly, still with some tangential component of motion. These particles enter the small, initially radial supply of air through .
ports 32 and are carried with that air as it moves downwardly and then helically by merging with the principal flow so that not .
only the deflected particles but any particles originally enter- :
ing through ports 32 are centrifugally separated and scavenged.
It will be evident that by reason of the purging sweep of air from ports 32 there is no possiblity for particulate matter to build up as a rotating mass at the top of the preclean-er, since that area is continually swept by air entering radially through ports 32.
Numerous characteristics and advantages of our invention have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with details of the structure and function of the invention, and the :: 20 novel features thereof are pointed out in the appended claims.
The disclosure, however, is illustrative only, and changes may be made in detail, especially in matters of shape, size, and `
arrangement of parts, within the principle of the invention, to the full extent indicated by the broad general meaning of the ~ :~
; terms in which the appended claims are expressed.
~:--5- ;~
Claims (22)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An air cleaner comprising a body having a vertical axis and including a cylindrical wall, a top closure, and a bottom closure including an axial cleaned air outlet conduit, said wall being provided with peripheral air inlet means for establishing a rotating flow of air in said body, and with bleeder means for sup-plying a purging radial flow of air into said cleaner above said peripheral inlet means.
2. An air cleaner comprising a body having a vertical axis and including a cylindrical wall, a solid top closure, and a bottom closure including an axial, reentrant, cleaned air outlet conduit defining with said wall a lower annular space, said wall being provided with a lateral scavenge outlet below the upper end of said outlet conduit, with a plurality of inwardly formed spirally oriented peripheral ambient air inlet louvers spaced therearound above said upper end, to establish a helical, generally downward principal flow of air in said cleaner, and with bleeder means comprising a plurality of secondary ambient air inlet ports spaced therearound above said louvers and adjacent said lid to pro-vide a secondary, purging flow of air radially into said cleaner whereby to inhibit the formation of a pollutant-laden eddy in the top of said container.
3. In combination with an engine having an inlet and an exhaust: an air cleaner comprising a body having a vertical axis and including a cylindrical wall, a solid top closure, and a bot-tom closure including an axial, reentrant, cleaned air outlet conduit defining with said wall a lower annular space, said wall being provided with a lateral scavenge outlet to said annular space below the upper end of said outlet conduit, with a plurality of inwardly formed spirally oriented peripheral ambient air inlet louvers spaced therearound above said upper end, and with bleeder means comprising a plurality of secondary ambient air inlet ports spaced therearound above said louvers and adjacent said lid;
means connecting said outlet conduit to the inlet of said engine to enable air flow to said engine inwardly through said louvers and said bleeder means;
and aspirating means coupled to said scavenge outlet and to the exhaust of said engine for causing a scavenging flow of air from said annular space.
means connecting said outlet conduit to the inlet of said engine to enable air flow to said engine inwardly through said louvers and said bleeder means;
and aspirating means coupled to said scavenge outlet and to the exhaust of said engine for causing a scavenging flow of air from said annular space.
4. In an air precleaner comprising a body having a verti-cal axis and including a cylindrical wall, a solid top closure, and a bottom closure including an axial, reentrant, cleaned air outlet conduit defining with said wall a lower annular space, said wall being provided with a plurality of inwardly formed spirally oriented peripheral ambient air inlet louvers spaced therearound above said bottom closure, the improvement which com-prises bleeder means admitting ambient air radially into the pre-cleaner at sites above said louvers and symmetrically spaced around the cleaner.
5. In an air cleaner:
a cylindrical body having a vertical axis and upper and lower closed ends;
a tangential scavenge outlet at the bottom of said body;
an outlet conduit reentrant axially into the lower closed end of said cleaner to a height above said scavenging outlet;
primary input means in the upper portion of said body for admitting ambient air thereto with a rotary motion having a downward component;
and secondary inlet means in said body adjacent the upper closed end thereof for admitting ambient air thereto radially.
a cylindrical body having a vertical axis and upper and lower closed ends;
a tangential scavenge outlet at the bottom of said body;
an outlet conduit reentrant axially into the lower closed end of said cleaner to a height above said scavenging outlet;
primary input means in the upper portion of said body for admitting ambient air thereto with a rotary motion having a downward component;
and secondary inlet means in said body adjacent the upper closed end thereof for admitting ambient air thereto radially.
6. Apparatus according to claim 5 in which the upper closed end of said body includes a rain cap overhanging said secondary inlet means and at least a portion of said primary inlet means.
7. The structure of claim 5 in which said secondary inlet means comprises a plurality of apertures positioned symmetrically about said axis.
8. The structure of claim 5 in which said primary inlet means comprises a plurality of inwardly formed spirally configured louvers symmetrically positioned around said wall.
9. A structure according to claim 5 in which the areas of said primary and secondary inlet means are in the ratio of ap-proximately 15 to 1.
10. The method of treating air centrifugally which compris-es the steps of admitting primary ambient air tangentially to a cleaner and withdrawing air axially from the bottom of the cleaner so that the air follows a helically downward path in the cleaner, and admitting a minor quantity of secondary ambient air to said cleaner radially at the top thereof.
11. The method of cleaning air centrifugally which compris-es the steps of admitting primary polluted ambient air tangential-ly to a cleaner and withdrawing air axially from the bottom of the cleaner so that the air follows a helical path in the cleaner, aspirating a minor quantity of air from the cleaner at a low peripheral site, and admitting a minor quantity of secondary polluted ambient air to said cleaner radially at the top thereof.
12. An engine intake cleaner, for ambient air bearing par-ticulate pollutant matter, comprising a hollow body having a ver-tical axis and including a cylindrical wall, a solid top closure, and a bottom closure including an axial conduit for conducting air out of said body, said wall being provided with peripheral inlet means, between said top and said axial conduit, for admitting ambient air into said body in such a way that a principal portion of said air has downward and tangential components of motion, and a minor portion of the air has upward and tangential components of motion, whereby to establish a principal downward helical flow of said air in said body for centrifugal loss of particulate matter by contact with said wall below said inlet means, and to favor the formation of a continuous eddy of said air above said inlet means, said wall being further provided with bleeder means for admitting a radial flow of ambient air into said body proximate said top, whereby to inhibit the formation of said eddy, and means for receiving said particulate matter from said downward helical flow of air.
13. A cleaner according to claim 12 in which said peripheral inlet means comprises a plurality of inwardly formed air inlet louvers extending along the surface of said body in a peripheral band about said body below said top and above said axial conduit, the outer surface of each said louver functioning to im-part to air passing therethrough into said body downward and tangen-tial components of motion, whereby a principal portion of the air in said body exhibits a downward helical flow for centrifugal loss of particulate matter therefrom by contact with said wall below said inlet means, and the inner surface of each louver functioning to impart to a minor portion of the air entering through an adjacent louver upward and tangential components of motion, whereby to favor the formation of said continuous eddy of said air above said inlet means.
14. The apparatus according to claim 13 wherein said means for receiving said particulate matter comprise a tangential scavenge outlet at the bottom of said body for removing said particulate matter from said hollow body.
15. Apparatus according to claim 12 in which said solid top closure of said body includes a rain cap overhanging said bleeder means and at least a portion of said peripheral inlet means.
16. The structure of claim 12 in which said bleeder means com-prises a plurality of apertures positioned symmetrically about said axis.
17. A structure according to claim 12 in which the areas of said peripheral inlet means and said bleeder means are in the ratio of approximately 15 to 1.
18. In combination with an engine air inlet:
an air cleaner comprising a hollow body having a vertical axis and including a cylindrical wall, a solid top closure, and a bottom closure including an axial conduit for conducting air out of said body, said wall being provided with peripheral inlet means, between said top and said axial conduit, for admitting ambient air into said body in such a way that a principal portion of said air has downward and tangential components of motion, and a minor por-tion of the air has upward and tangential components of motion, whereby to establish a principal downward helical flow of said air in said body for centrifugal loss of particulate matter by contact with said wall below said inlet means, and to favor the formation of a continuous eddy of said air above said inlet means, said wall being further provided with bleeder means for admitting a radial flow of ambient air into said body proximate said top, whereby to inhibit the formation of said eddy, said air cleaner further including means for removing said particulate matter from said downward helical flow of air.
an air cleaner comprising a hollow body having a vertical axis and including a cylindrical wall, a solid top closure, and a bottom closure including an axial conduit for conducting air out of said body, said wall being provided with peripheral inlet means, between said top and said axial conduit, for admitting ambient air into said body in such a way that a principal portion of said air has downward and tangential components of motion, and a minor por-tion of the air has upward and tangential components of motion, whereby to establish a principal downward helical flow of said air in said body for centrifugal loss of particulate matter by contact with said wall below said inlet means, and to favor the formation of a continuous eddy of said air above said inlet means, said wall being further provided with bleeder means for admitting a radial flow of ambient air into said body proximate said top, whereby to inhibit the formation of said eddy, said air cleaner further including means for removing said particulate matter from said downward helical flow of air.
19. The apparatus according to claim 18 in which said peripheral inlet means comprises a plurality of inwardly formed air inlet lou-vers extending along the surface of said body in a peripheral band about said body below said top and above said axial conduit, the outer surface of each said louver functioning to impart to air passing therethrough into said body downward and tangential com-ponents of motion, whereby a principal portion of the air in said body exhibits a downward helical flow for centrifugal loss of particulate matter therefrom by contact with said wall below said inlet means, and the inner surface of each louver functioning to impart to a minor portion of the air entering through an adjacent louver upward and tangential components of motion, whereby to favor the formation of said continuous eddy of said air above said inlet means.
20. In an engine air cleaner comprising a hollow body having a vertical axis and including a cylindrical wall, a solid top clo-sure, and a bottom closure including an axial conduit for conducting air out of said body, said wall being provided with peripheral inlet means, between said top and said axial conduit, for admitting ambient air into said body in such a way that a principal portion of said air has downward and tangential components of motion, whereby to estab-lish a principal downward helical flow of said air in said body for centrifugal loss of particulate matter by contact with said wall below said inlet means, and to favor the formation of a continuous eddy of said air above said inlet means, means for removing said particulate matter from said air cleaner, the improvement comprising bleeder means in said wall for admitting a radial flow of ambient air into said body proxi-mate said top, whereby to inhibit the formation of said eddy.
21. A method of cleaning ambient air of particulate pollutants for an engine which comprises the steps of simultaneously establish-ing coaxial primary and secondary helical flows of air having re-spectively downward and upward components of motion and having tan-gential components of motion in the same direction, removing said particulate matter from said primary helical flow, whereby said primary flow favors centrifugal removal of particulate matter there-from and said secondary flow favors the establishment of a continuous eddy above said primary flow, and simultaneously introducing a radial flow of said ambient air into said eddy near the top thereof, whereby to inhibit the formation of said eddy and promote the blending of said primary and secondary flows and feeding the cleaned air into an engine intake.
22. A method of cleaning air centrifugally for use by an engine, said method comprising the steps of admitting primary pol-lutant ladened ambient air tangentially to a centrifugal cleaner with a small portion of said air being directed upward circumferen-tially and withdrawing the air from the bottom of the cleaner so that air follows a helically downward path in the cleaner, pollutants con-tained in the air being centrifugally thrown radially outwardly and thereafter being swept away in a scavenging air flow, and admitting a minor quantity of secondary ambient air to said cleaner radially at the top thereof to prevent the formation of a pollutant laden zone near the top of the cleaner by the sweeping action of said se-condary air causing the zone to be swept downward and back into said helical path and feeding the cleaned air into an engine intake.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/854,515 US4218223A (en) | 1977-11-25 | 1977-11-25 | Pre-cleaner for combustion engines |
| US854,515 | 1977-11-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1097161A true CA1097161A (en) | 1981-03-10 |
Family
ID=25318903
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA316,699A Expired CA1097161A (en) | 1977-11-25 | 1978-11-22 | Pre-cleaner for combustion engines |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4218223A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5485479A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU509640B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE872291A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1097161A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE7834796U1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES475366A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2410143A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2008986B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1100584B (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE416989B (en) * | 1979-11-06 | 1981-02-16 | Saab Scania Ab | ARRANGEMENTS FOR CLEANING INLET AIR TO A COMBUSTION ENGINE |
| JP2507606Y2 (en) * | 1990-07-06 | 1996-08-14 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Air cleaner for cooling system of drive system of large dump truck |
| US5334239A (en) * | 1993-11-29 | 1994-08-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Passive gas separator and accumulator device |
| US6004382A (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 1999-12-21 | Case Corporation | Air cleaning system for vehicle cooling system and engine and cab |
| US6588524B2 (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2003-07-08 | Deere & Company | Vacuum pump aspirator for work vehicle pre-cleaner |
| US7004987B2 (en) | 2002-03-28 | 2006-02-28 | Case Corporation | Intake air pre-cleaner with aspirator port chamber for collecting and holding particles for later aspiration |
| WO2009102988A1 (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-08-20 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Raincap precleaner, motor vechile having a raincap precleaner, and method for precleaning air |
| GB0809111D0 (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2008-06-25 | Agco Sa | Air filter system |
| US8151774B2 (en) | 2009-05-13 | 2012-04-10 | Deere & Company | Engine combustion air cyclonic pre-cleaner embodying throttling member adjusted in accordance with engine load |
| US8157895B2 (en) * | 2010-05-04 | 2012-04-17 | Kellogg Brown & Root Llc | System for reducing head space in a pressure cyclone |
| AU2013218903B2 (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2015-10-22 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Transportation vehicle |
| WO2014080452A1 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-30 | 日立建機株式会社 | Transport vehicle, and transport vehicle air cleaner |
| US9273649B2 (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-03-01 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | System and method for controlling an electric aspirator of an air intake system for a work vehicle |
| AU2016259419B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2020-12-10 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Engine Panel Filter and Housing System |
| US10746141B2 (en) | 2017-03-14 | 2020-08-18 | Kohler Co. | Engine air cleaner |
Family Cites Families (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1405399A (en) * | 1921-03-10 | 1922-02-07 | Frank A Donaldson | Air cleaner |
| US1556592A (en) * | 1921-11-12 | 1925-10-13 | Frank A Donaldson | Air cleaner |
| FR625825A (en) * | 1926-12-08 | 1927-08-20 | air cleaner for air intake ducts of internal combustion engines | |
| US1871384A (en) * | 1929-04-15 | 1932-08-09 | United Air Cleaner Co | Air cleaner |
| US2354311A (en) * | 1942-03-18 | 1944-07-25 | Int Comb Ltd | Apparatus for grading powdered material |
| FR894206A (en) * | 1943-02-09 | 1944-12-18 | Delbag Deutsche Luftfilter Bau | Centrifugal force scrubber for internal combustion engines |
| AT197139B (en) * | 1955-09-09 | 1958-04-10 | Ife Ges Fuer Maschinen Und App | Air filter |
| DE1274081B (en) * | 1958-08-22 | 1968-08-01 | Siemens Ag | Rotary flow vortex for separating media of different densities |
| FR1248076A (en) * | 1959-10-29 | 1960-12-09 | Lautrette Et Cie | Improvements to devices for removing dust from gases by centrifugation |
| FR1357837A (en) * | 1963-03-01 | 1964-04-10 | Combustion gas evacuation device | |
| US3358844A (en) * | 1965-08-17 | 1967-12-19 | Siemens Ag | Device for increasing the total amount of separation of a vortex separator |
| HU162371B (en) * | 1966-12-12 | 1976-11-27 | Csepeli Autogyar | Dry dust-separator of cyclone system for internal combustion engines, compressors and other air aspirators |
| US3720314A (en) * | 1970-11-09 | 1973-03-13 | Aerodyne Dev Corp | Classifier for fine solids |
| FR2127416A5 (en) * | 1971-03-05 | 1972-10-13 | Halbout Francois | |
| US3925044A (en) * | 1971-03-19 | 1975-12-09 | Rockwell International Corp | Air filter |
| FR2134203B1 (en) * | 1971-04-26 | 1973-05-11 | Donaldson Co Inc | |
| US3740932A (en) * | 1971-05-10 | 1973-06-26 | Petersen Ross K | Air pre cleaner |
| US3792573A (en) * | 1972-04-06 | 1974-02-19 | L Borsheim | Air cleaning structure |
| DE2220535C2 (en) * | 1972-04-26 | 1974-03-07 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin U. 8000 Muenchen | Rotary flow vortex for the sifting of fine-grained particles |
| JPS5639942B2 (en) * | 1973-06-12 | 1981-09-17 | ||
| DE2341789C3 (en) * | 1973-08-17 | 1980-02-28 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Arrangement for energy recovery in the clean gas outlet of a rotary flow vortex « |
| US4028076A (en) * | 1975-08-18 | 1977-06-07 | Parma Industries, Inc. | Centrifugal air precleaner for internal combustion engines |
| US4014673A (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1977-03-29 | Kinnison Daniel E | Air precleaner |
-
1977
- 1977-11-25 US US05/854,515 patent/US4218223A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1978
- 1978-11-22 FR FR7832917A patent/FR2410143A1/en active Granted
- 1978-11-22 CA CA316,699A patent/CA1097161A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-11-22 GB GB7845518A patent/GB2008986B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-11-23 DE DE19787834796U patent/DE7834796U1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-11-23 DE DE2850768A patent/DE2850768C2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-11-24 BE BE6046677A patent/BE872291A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-11-24 ES ES475366A patent/ES475366A1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-11-24 IT IT30190/78A patent/IT1100584B/en active
- 1978-11-24 AU AU41919/78A patent/AU509640B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-11-25 JP JP14498478A patent/JPS5485479A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2008986A (en) | 1979-06-13 |
| AU4191978A (en) | 1979-05-31 |
| FR2410143A1 (en) | 1979-06-22 |
| BE872291A (en) | 1979-05-25 |
| DE2850768C2 (en) | 1982-10-14 |
| GB2008986B (en) | 1982-04-15 |
| ES475366A1 (en) | 1979-11-01 |
| US4218223A (en) | 1980-08-19 |
| DE2850768A1 (en) | 1979-05-31 |
| IT7830190A0 (en) | 1978-11-24 |
| FR2410143B1 (en) | 1984-02-10 |
| JPS5485479A (en) | 1979-07-07 |
| DE7834796U1 (en) | 1979-03-15 |
| AU509640B2 (en) | 1980-05-22 |
| IT1100584B (en) | 1985-09-28 |
| JPS5738302B2 (en) | 1982-08-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |