CA1099209A - Method and apparatus for the wet purification of gases - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for the wet purification of gasesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1099209A CA1099209A CA281,527A CA281527A CA1099209A CA 1099209 A CA1099209 A CA 1099209A CA 281527 A CA281527 A CA 281527A CA 1099209 A CA1099209 A CA 1099209A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- slots
- wall
- pair
- gas
- zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
Abstract
Case 7-10566/E/R
CANADA
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE WET PURIFICATION OF GASES
Abstract of the Disclosure Method and apparatus for the wet purification of ga-ses, in which a wash liquid is sprayed into a gas to be purified and the gas is then forced or sucked through a separating wall having passage slots. The gas flow is divided up by pairs of such slots into pairs of sub-flows inside the wall, the sub-flows of each pair being rapidly accelerated to at least 30 m per second and then made to rebound on one another in a zone which is common to a pair of slots which causes them to be sharply deflected after which they separate and are decelerated. The sub-flows are accelerated by the passage slot construction which narrows inwardly from the exterior of the wall. Preferably two pairs of slots are provided, one pair converging into the wall and another pair diverging form the wall, both pairs opening into the common zone which is in the form of an X, the narrowest points of the slots being in said zone. The total area of the zones relative to the area of the wall is at maximum 15%. The separating wall is constructed from in-dividual profiled bars which are spaced apart to form the passage slots between them. The wall preferably consists of at least two sub-walls which are interconnected by a hinge.
CANADA
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE WET PURIFICATION OF GASES
Abstract of the Disclosure Method and apparatus for the wet purification of ga-ses, in which a wash liquid is sprayed into a gas to be purified and the gas is then forced or sucked through a separating wall having passage slots. The gas flow is divided up by pairs of such slots into pairs of sub-flows inside the wall, the sub-flows of each pair being rapidly accelerated to at least 30 m per second and then made to rebound on one another in a zone which is common to a pair of slots which causes them to be sharply deflected after which they separate and are decelerated. The sub-flows are accelerated by the passage slot construction which narrows inwardly from the exterior of the wall. Preferably two pairs of slots are provided, one pair converging into the wall and another pair diverging form the wall, both pairs opening into the common zone which is in the form of an X, the narrowest points of the slots being in said zone. The total area of the zones relative to the area of the wall is at maximum 15%. The separating wall is constructed from in-dividual profiled bars which are spaced apart to form the passage slots between them. The wall preferably consists of at least two sub-walls which are interconnected by a hinge.
Description
~IELD OF TI~E INVEN~t'ION
This invention relates to the wet mechanical separa-tion o~ flne and ultra-fine particles and gaseous substances from a stream of gas, and relates more particularly to a 5 method of and apparatus for gas purification.
PRIOR AP~T
Gas purificatiorl methods are disclosed, Eor example, in French pa~ent specifications 1 040 508, 699 859, 699 860, 751 099, and German Utility Model 1 420 039. In some known 10 processes, the gas to be purified i5 passed in counter-current with a wash liquid through a separator which in-cludes a number of staggered rows oE parallel ~ars extending transversely to the gas flow, the bars havin~ a substantial ly rhombic or deltoid cross-section. As the gas flow enters 15 the separator, it is divided up into sub-flows which are repeatedly deflected in ser~entine form by the separator bars so that they collide with one another in pairs after each deflection.
The cross-section d~agonals of the separator bars are 20 usually longer in the direction of 10w than transversely thereof, ~o that the serpentine pat~s of the ~ub-flows through the separator are relatively flat. The distances between each of the bars are such that the ~ee flow cross-section of the separator is still about 40~ to 60% of its 5 total cross-sectiorl even at its narrowest points. In the "', ~ ' .` ' ` .:
~, . . .
9~:~9 ~eparator, there~ore, the sub-flows are accelera-ted to a maximum of about 2.5 times the gas flow velocity upstream of the separator, which with the conventional gas through-puts of about 2-5 m per second and per m entxy area, is 5 equivalent to an acceleration of abou-t 12.5 m per second.
These known processes and gas purification apparatus are to some extent suitable for the wet separation of coarsè-grain particles but with particles which are more difficult to separate, more particularly those of the order 10 of magnitude of about or less than ~ , they are not very efficient.
In "Chemische Rundschau", No. 1~, 1975, Switzerland and in U.S. Patent Speciication 3 375 058, there is dis-closed gas purification processes in which the gas is 15 taken in sub-flows through a separating wall provided with Curved slots narrowing sharply on either side from the outside towards the place o maximum cur~ature so that the sub-flows are accelerated, deflected, and decelerated after de1ection. With these processes the se~aration 20 eficiencies increase, giving a constant energy consumption, as the slot widthdecreases, i.e. as the sub-flow accelera tion increases. However, narrower slots increase the risk of encrustation and hence clogging of the separator. Encrus-tation occurs particularly in the region o the most inten-25 sive curvature of the slo~s, where the maximum centrifugalforces are operative.
~92~
This invention combines the advantages o the latter methods and of the known me-thods men-tioned hereinabove, without their disadvantages. More particularlv J the inven-tion gives maximum separation efficiencies and higher S throu~hputs for the same energy cons~lmption ~nd minimum risk of encrustation.
Accordingly, the invention provid~s ~as purification apparatus comprising housing means havin~ inlet and outlet means, means for passing the gas through said housing means, 10 a separating wall located in said housing means between said inlet means and said outlet means, and means positio-ned ln said housing means between said inl~t means and said wall ~or spraying wash liquid into said gas stream, said separating wall having at least one first pair of 15 slots conve~ging in the direction oE gas flo~ and opening into a com~on zOne and at leas~ one other slot diverging from said common zone in the direction of gas flow, each slot of said at least one pair o slots narrowing in the direction o convergence into the co~on zone such that 20 the total 10w cross~ection of all the slots in the region of the zone is 15~ maximum of the total wall area offered to the gas stream.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DR~IINGS
Preferred embodiments of the invention will be ex-25 plained ~n detail hereinafter wit~h reference to the drawings wherein:
'' ~.
~ IGURES la to lc are vertical sections khrough threedifferent embodiments oE gas purifiers in accordance with this invention;
FIGURES 2_ to 2c are sections on the lines IIa to_ 5 IIa, IIb tt.~ IIb and IIc to IIc of Figures la to lc _ respectively:
FIGURE 3 shows the separating wall of the gas purifier of Figure lc to an enlaryed scale;
FIGURE 4 shows the bars of the separating wall ln 10 cross~seckion on the line IV to IV of Figure 3; and FIGURES 5 to 7 show cross-sectional views of di~ferent ~orms of bar.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFE~RED EMBODI.~NTS
Apart from the specially constructed spearating walls, 15 the gas pu~ifiers shown in Figures la to lc are of con-ventional construciton and comprise a tower 1 with an inlet
This invention relates to the wet mechanical separa-tion o~ flne and ultra-fine particles and gaseous substances from a stream of gas, and relates more particularly to a 5 method of and apparatus for gas purification.
PRIOR AP~T
Gas purificatiorl methods are disclosed, Eor example, in French pa~ent specifications 1 040 508, 699 859, 699 860, 751 099, and German Utility Model 1 420 039. In some known 10 processes, the gas to be purified i5 passed in counter-current with a wash liquid through a separator which in-cludes a number of staggered rows oE parallel ~ars extending transversely to the gas flow, the bars havin~ a substantial ly rhombic or deltoid cross-section. As the gas flow enters 15 the separator, it is divided up into sub-flows which are repeatedly deflected in ser~entine form by the separator bars so that they collide with one another in pairs after each deflection.
The cross-section d~agonals of the separator bars are 20 usually longer in the direction of 10w than transversely thereof, ~o that the serpentine pat~s of the ~ub-flows through the separator are relatively flat. The distances between each of the bars are such that the ~ee flow cross-section of the separator is still about 40~ to 60% of its 5 total cross-sectiorl even at its narrowest points. In the "', ~ ' .` ' ` .:
~, . . .
9~:~9 ~eparator, there~ore, the sub-flows are accelera-ted to a maximum of about 2.5 times the gas flow velocity upstream of the separator, which with the conventional gas through-puts of about 2-5 m per second and per m entxy area, is 5 equivalent to an acceleration of abou-t 12.5 m per second.
These known processes and gas purification apparatus are to some extent suitable for the wet separation of coarsè-grain particles but with particles which are more difficult to separate, more particularly those of the order 10 of magnitude of about or less than ~ , they are not very efficient.
In "Chemische Rundschau", No. 1~, 1975, Switzerland and in U.S. Patent Speciication 3 375 058, there is dis-closed gas purification processes in which the gas is 15 taken in sub-flows through a separating wall provided with Curved slots narrowing sharply on either side from the outside towards the place o maximum cur~ature so that the sub-flows are accelerated, deflected, and decelerated after de1ection. With these processes the se~aration 20 eficiencies increase, giving a constant energy consumption, as the slot widthdecreases, i.e. as the sub-flow accelera tion increases. However, narrower slots increase the risk of encrustation and hence clogging of the separator. Encrus-tation occurs particularly in the region o the most inten-25 sive curvature of the slo~s, where the maximum centrifugalforces are operative.
~92~
This invention combines the advantages o the latter methods and of the known me-thods men-tioned hereinabove, without their disadvantages. More particularlv J the inven-tion gives maximum separation efficiencies and higher S throu~hputs for the same energy cons~lmption ~nd minimum risk of encrustation.
Accordingly, the invention provid~s ~as purification apparatus comprising housing means havin~ inlet and outlet means, means for passing the gas through said housing means, 10 a separating wall located in said housing means between said inlet means and said outlet means, and means positio-ned ln said housing means between said inl~t means and said wall ~or spraying wash liquid into said gas stream, said separating wall having at least one first pair of 15 slots conve~ging in the direction oE gas flo~ and opening into a com~on zOne and at leas~ one other slot diverging from said common zone in the direction of gas flow, each slot of said at least one pair o slots narrowing in the direction o convergence into the co~on zone such that 20 the total 10w cross~ection of all the slots in the region of the zone is 15~ maximum of the total wall area offered to the gas stream.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DR~IINGS
Preferred embodiments of the invention will be ex-25 plained ~n detail hereinafter wit~h reference to the drawings wherein:
'' ~.
~ IGURES la to lc are vertical sections khrough threedifferent embodiments oE gas purifiers in accordance with this invention;
FIGURES 2_ to 2c are sections on the lines IIa to_ 5 IIa, IIb tt.~ IIb and IIc to IIc of Figures la to lc _ respectively:
FIGURE 3 shows the separating wall of the gas purifier of Figure lc to an enlaryed scale;
FIGURE 4 shows the bars of the separating wall ln 10 cross~seckion on the line IV to IV of Figure 3; and FIGURES 5 to 7 show cross-sectional views of di~ferent ~orms of bar.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFE~RED EMBODI.~NTS
Apart from the specially constructed spearating walls, 15 the gas pu~ifiers shown in Figures la to lc are of con-ventional construciton and comprise a tower 1 with an inlet
2 for gas to be purified and an outlet 3 for the purified gas. Purification as used in th1s context denotes both the separation of solid and liquid particles and the separation 20 of undesirable gaseous constituents. A separating wall 4 and a drip trap 5 are disposed in the tower 1 between the inlet 2 and the outlet 3 and the gas to be purifiecl has to flow through them in that sequence~ Upstream of the separa-tin wall 4, one or more spray nozzles 6 are provided to 25 spray a wash liquid lnto the stream of yas. A wash llquitl sump 7 is provided at the bottom o~ the tower 1 ancl is ' ' connected to the output side of the drlp trap 5 bv means of a conduit 8. The trap 5 may, for example, ~e of the kind described in U.S. Patent Specification wo. 3925040.
The difference between the ~hree embodiments illus~xa-5 ted lies mainly in the arrangement of the separating walls 4 and th~ drip ~rap inside the tower l. In the embodiment shown in Figures la and 2a, the separatin~ w~ll 4 comprises our sub-walls hinged at the corners to form a box and the flow is from within outwards. The top of the "box" is l~ closed by a cover (not shown). In the embodiment shown in E'igures lb and 2h, the separating wall com~rlses a sub-wall whlch i~ flat but in th0 third embodiment the separating wall comprises a number of sub-walls in zig-zag formation.
Figure 3 i5 an englarged view of part of the separa-15 ting wall ~ the ~uri~ier shown in Figure lc~s mentioned above, the wall 4 comprises a number of sub-walls 4a, 4b which are interconnected bv a hin~ewpin 15, each sub wall being constructed from a row of spaced ~lastics profiled bars 9, 10 and 11. The bars 9 and 10 have co~mon en~ olates 20 12, which s~ace them apart (~igure 4). The bars 11 also have end plates 13 which space them from the pairs of bars 9, 10~ ~linge rings 14 are ~itted to, or are integrally connected with, the end plates 12, and 13. The individual profiled bars 9 and 10 are dis~osed side by side and one above the other alterna~ing with the profiled bars ]l and are held together via the hinge rlngs 1~ by rneans o~ the ' hinge ~ins 15.
Between the pro4iled bars in the separaking ~.~all 4, passage slots 16a and 16b are ~ormed and durin~ operation the ~as to be purlf~ed is forced or sucked throug~ these slots. The compression or 5uction means required have heen omitted from the drawing for the sake of clarity. ~he ~alrs oE slots 16a and 16b ta~er inwardly in the ~orm of ~ V to conver~e in the form of an X ~t the zone 17. ~s a resul~, gas passing through the slots in the wall 4 divides into 10 sub-flows, the 10w paths bein~ shown by arrows 116. The sub-10ws ln pairs of converging slots 16a rebound on one another in bhe ~ones 17 and are thereby de~lected to flow out through the slots 16b T~us gas pa.sslng t,hrough a slot 16achanges direction markedly at the center o:~ the zone 17 15 to pass out through a slot16b, the gas ~low being indicated b~ arrow 116~ The sub-~low paths 116 thus have an intensive curvature at the center o~ the zones 17. The vigorous re-bounding of the sub-flows in the intensively curve~ slot regions ~orming the zones 17 prevents particles from lod-20 ging in the narrow regions of these zones which are themost susce~ible to clogging~
In order to achieve optimu~ ~urification and minimum encrustation, it has been found advantageous for the re-bound an le ~ at which the sub-flow rebounds on one another, 25 me~sured between the centre lines or center ~lanes 18a and 18h o~ the slots 16a on the inlet side, to be at leas-t 15, , .
: ,., ~9æ~9 but ~referably at least anproximately 45, althou~h angles o-E about 90~ to 170 may be used. Also, the out~low angle ~ at which the sub-flows swparate a~ain after re-bounding on one another measured between the center lines or center ~lanes l9a and 19b of the slots 16b on the outlet side should be at least 15 to 45, but prefexablv about 90 to 160. In every case, the de~lection angle ~, iOe. the an~le between the slo~ center lines upstream and downstream of the rebound zone, should be at least about 80 to 90, preferably about 120 to 140.
It has also been found advantageous for t~e passage slots 16a ~nd 16b to narrow continuously inw~xdly from the exterlor. The widths 20 of the slots as mea3ured trans-versely of the main directions of flow and the longitudinal direction~ of the profiled bars immediately upstream and downstream of the center o~ the zones 17, iOe. at the narrowest points of the slots, should be less than 12 mm, preferably less than 6 mm, or even less than 2 mm. The width 21 at the center of a zone 17 shoult1 be hetween 0.5 to twice, preferably 0.7 to 1.4 times the sum o the widths 20 of a pair of converging slots 16a. The wi~th 21 ma~, for example, be 2 mm, 6 mm or 1~ mm maximum.
~he total gas flow-cross-section of the slots at the center of the ~ones 17 is about 15~ maximum of the total wall area offered to the gas stream although it can be a~ low as 2%.
The ~ressure cli~Eerence between the entry and outlet - 8 ~
~Q~2~
side of the separating wall is adjusted so that the sub-flows in the slots are accelerated to speeds o at least about 30 m per second, preferably about 45 to 80 m ~er second an~ up to 110 m per second.
Figures 5 and 6 show cross-sections through se~ara-ting walls which are sllghtly di~ferent from that shown in Figure 4. These walls are also constructed Erom spaced a~art ~ro11ed bars 109 to 111, 209 to 211. ~hese profiled bars, however, have a somewhat different profile from those shown in Figure 4. The function of these walls is the same as that o the wall as described with reference to Figure4.
In tlië above-described embodiments, only two sub-flows meet at any time within the separatin~ walls. Of course more than two sub-flows could meet one another~
The separating wall illustrated in Figtlre 7 may be used for ver~ highly contaiminated gases. Only two ty~es of profiled bars are provided, i.e. the bar5 310 and 311! -which form ~assage slots 16a and 16c betwaen them. Each pair o ad~acent slots 16a converge in the form or a V and jointly lead into a slot l~c eorming a Y-shaped central zone. It has been found that with this construction or axrangement of bars the build-up of encrustation at the narrow regions of the zones ls prevented even under the most difficult condi-tions. With regard to the shape and dimension~ o~ the slots, the same applies as in the ~receding embodlmen~s. The angle in this embodiment can : _ g _ ' ' ' ,.' ~992~9 a~ain be up to about 170. The angle ~ between the boundary walls 311a of ~he profiled hars 311 may be in the range from ~bout 20 to 150, preferably about 60 to 80.
This is equivalent to a r~nge of about 10 to 75 or 30 to 40~ for the angle B" between the main directions of the sub-flows 316a and 316b.
For special cases, the position of the profiled bars 310 ln relation to the proEiled bars 311 may be adjustable.
Th.is also apPlies to the other embodiments.
The construction o the separating walls 4 substan-tiall~ reduces any encrustation of the passage slots.
Conse~uen~ly, the passage slots can be made much narrower and hence higher purification Gan be obtained for the same expenditu~e of energy. At the same time, the size of the separating walls can be greatlv reduced for the same or even better 6eparation efficiency, and this not only saves space but also reduces material costs. Also, w~t~ the form of separating wall described, above, much higher gas throughputs can be obtained for the same expenditure of energy as compared with some walls disclosed in the prior art so that smaller walls can be used for a given gas throughput. For example, the gas can be accelerated to about 110 m per second in the passage slots, and in the case o~ a flat separating wall of the kind shown in 2S Figure lb, for example, this is equivalent -to a throughput per unit area of 2.5 to 6.5 m3 per second m2. In the ~` :
~ ~ 4 9 ~ ~
devices disclose~ in the U.S. patent speciflcation 337sa58, the velocities attainable are about 20 to 60 m per second, corresponding to through~uts of 1 to 3 m3 per second m .
The hinge-like connection between the individual sets o~ profiled bars also contributes to reducing the space requirements. The zi~-za~ arrangement of these sets of profiled bars or wall portions enahles a very consi-derable slot lenqth to be obtained in the minimum amount of space, thus giving hlgh efficiency.
The difference between the ~hree embodiments illus~xa-5 ted lies mainly in the arrangement of the separating walls 4 and th~ drip ~rap inside the tower l. In the embodiment shown in Figures la and 2a, the separatin~ w~ll 4 comprises our sub-walls hinged at the corners to form a box and the flow is from within outwards. The top of the "box" is l~ closed by a cover (not shown). In the embodiment shown in E'igures lb and 2h, the separating wall com~rlses a sub-wall whlch i~ flat but in th0 third embodiment the separating wall comprises a number of sub-walls in zig-zag formation.
Figure 3 i5 an englarged view of part of the separa-15 ting wall ~ the ~uri~ier shown in Figure lc~s mentioned above, the wall 4 comprises a number of sub-walls 4a, 4b which are interconnected bv a hin~ewpin 15, each sub wall being constructed from a row of spaced ~lastics profiled bars 9, 10 and 11. The bars 9 and 10 have co~mon en~ olates 20 12, which s~ace them apart (~igure 4). The bars 11 also have end plates 13 which space them from the pairs of bars 9, 10~ ~linge rings 14 are ~itted to, or are integrally connected with, the end plates 12, and 13. The individual profiled bars 9 and 10 are dis~osed side by side and one above the other alterna~ing with the profiled bars ]l and are held together via the hinge rlngs 1~ by rneans o~ the ' hinge ~ins 15.
Between the pro4iled bars in the separaking ~.~all 4, passage slots 16a and 16b are ~ormed and durin~ operation the ~as to be purlf~ed is forced or sucked throug~ these slots. The compression or 5uction means required have heen omitted from the drawing for the sake of clarity. ~he ~alrs oE slots 16a and 16b ta~er inwardly in the ~orm of ~ V to conver~e in the form of an X ~t the zone 17. ~s a resul~, gas passing through the slots in the wall 4 divides into 10 sub-flows, the 10w paths bein~ shown by arrows 116. The sub-10ws ln pairs of converging slots 16a rebound on one another in bhe ~ones 17 and are thereby de~lected to flow out through the slots 16b T~us gas pa.sslng t,hrough a slot 16achanges direction markedly at the center o:~ the zone 17 15 to pass out through a slot16b, the gas ~low being indicated b~ arrow 116~ The sub-~low paths 116 thus have an intensive curvature at the center o~ the zones 17. The vigorous re-bounding of the sub-flows in the intensively curve~ slot regions ~orming the zones 17 prevents particles from lod-20 ging in the narrow regions of these zones which are themost susce~ible to clogging~
In order to achieve optimu~ ~urification and minimum encrustation, it has been found advantageous for the re-bound an le ~ at which the sub-flow rebounds on one another, 25 me~sured between the centre lines or center ~lanes 18a and 18h o~ the slots 16a on the inlet side, to be at leas-t 15, , .
: ,., ~9æ~9 but ~referably at least anproximately 45, althou~h angles o-E about 90~ to 170 may be used. Also, the out~low angle ~ at which the sub-flows swparate a~ain after re-bounding on one another measured between the center lines or center ~lanes l9a and 19b of the slots 16b on the outlet side should be at least 15 to 45, but prefexablv about 90 to 160. In every case, the de~lection angle ~, iOe. the an~le between the slo~ center lines upstream and downstream of the rebound zone, should be at least about 80 to 90, preferably about 120 to 140.
It has also been found advantageous for t~e passage slots 16a ~nd 16b to narrow continuously inw~xdly from the exterlor. The widths 20 of the slots as mea3ured trans-versely of the main directions of flow and the longitudinal direction~ of the profiled bars immediately upstream and downstream of the center o~ the zones 17, iOe. at the narrowest points of the slots, should be less than 12 mm, preferably less than 6 mm, or even less than 2 mm. The width 21 at the center of a zone 17 shoult1 be hetween 0.5 to twice, preferably 0.7 to 1.4 times the sum o the widths 20 of a pair of converging slots 16a. The wi~th 21 ma~, for example, be 2 mm, 6 mm or 1~ mm maximum.
~he total gas flow-cross-section of the slots at the center of the ~ones 17 is about 15~ maximum of the total wall area offered to the gas stream although it can be a~ low as 2%.
The ~ressure cli~Eerence between the entry and outlet - 8 ~
~Q~2~
side of the separating wall is adjusted so that the sub-flows in the slots are accelerated to speeds o at least about 30 m per second, preferably about 45 to 80 m ~er second an~ up to 110 m per second.
Figures 5 and 6 show cross-sections through se~ara-ting walls which are sllghtly di~ferent from that shown in Figure 4. These walls are also constructed Erom spaced a~art ~ro11ed bars 109 to 111, 209 to 211. ~hese profiled bars, however, have a somewhat different profile from those shown in Figure 4. The function of these walls is the same as that o the wall as described with reference to Figure4.
In tlië above-described embodiments, only two sub-flows meet at any time within the separatin~ walls. Of course more than two sub-flows could meet one another~
The separating wall illustrated in Figtlre 7 may be used for ver~ highly contaiminated gases. Only two ty~es of profiled bars are provided, i.e. the bar5 310 and 311! -which form ~assage slots 16a and 16c betwaen them. Each pair o ad~acent slots 16a converge in the form or a V and jointly lead into a slot l~c eorming a Y-shaped central zone. It has been found that with this construction or axrangement of bars the build-up of encrustation at the narrow regions of the zones ls prevented even under the most difficult condi-tions. With regard to the shape and dimension~ o~ the slots, the same applies as in the ~receding embodlmen~s. The angle in this embodiment can : _ g _ ' ' ' ,.' ~992~9 a~ain be up to about 170. The angle ~ between the boundary walls 311a of ~he profiled hars 311 may be in the range from ~bout 20 to 150, preferably about 60 to 80.
This is equivalent to a r~nge of about 10 to 75 or 30 to 40~ for the angle B" between the main directions of the sub-flows 316a and 316b.
For special cases, the position of the profiled bars 310 ln relation to the proEiled bars 311 may be adjustable.
Th.is also apPlies to the other embodiments.
The construction o the separating walls 4 substan-tiall~ reduces any encrustation of the passage slots.
Conse~uen~ly, the passage slots can be made much narrower and hence higher purification Gan be obtained for the same expenditu~e of energy. At the same time, the size of the separating walls can be greatlv reduced for the same or even better 6eparation efficiency, and this not only saves space but also reduces material costs. Also, w~t~ the form of separating wall described, above, much higher gas throughputs can be obtained for the same expenditure of energy as compared with some walls disclosed in the prior art so that smaller walls can be used for a given gas throughput. For example, the gas can be accelerated to about 110 m per second in the passage slots, and in the case o~ a flat separating wall of the kind shown in 2S Figure lb, for example, this is equivalent -to a throughput per unit area of 2.5 to 6.5 m3 per second m2. In the ~` :
~ ~ 4 9 ~ ~
devices disclose~ in the U.S. patent speciflcation 337sa58, the velocities attainable are about 20 to 60 m per second, corresponding to through~uts of 1 to 3 m3 per second m .
The hinge-like connection between the individual sets o~ profiled bars also contributes to reducing the space requirements. The zi~-za~ arrangement of these sets of profiled bars or wall portions enahles a very consi-derable slot lenqth to be obtained in the minimum amount of space, thus giving hlgh efficiency.
Claims (12)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Gas purification apparatus comprising housing means having inlet and outlet means, means for passing the gas through said housing means, a separating wall located in said housing means between said inlet means and said outlet means, and means positioned in said housing means between said inlet means and said wall for spraying wash liquid into said gas stream, said separating wall having at least one first pair of slots con-verging in the direction of gas flow and opening into a common zone and at least one other slot diverging from said common zone in the direction of gas flow, each slot of said at least one pair of slots narrowing in the direction of convergence into the common zone such that the total flow cross-section of all the slots in the region of the zone is 15% maximum of the total wall area offered to the gas stream.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the center lines of said at least one pair of converging slots include an angle of at least 45°.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the center lines include an angle of about 90° to 170°.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the angle of divergence of the at least one other slot is at least 20°.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein the angle of divergence of said at least one other slot is at least 60° to 80°.
6. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the width of the common zone is 0.5 to 2.0 times the sum of the widths of said at least one first pair of slots immediately upstream of the respective common zone.
7. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the total flow cross-section of all the slots in the zone is at least about 2% of the total wall area.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the wall comprises spaced apart profiled bars forming said slots.
9. Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the wall in-cludes at least two pivotally interconnected sub-walls.
10. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said at least one other slot comprises a second pair of slots diverg-ing from said common zone in the direction of flow, each slot of said second pair of slots widening continuously in said direction of divergence.
11. Apparatus according to claim 10 wherein the center lines of the diverging slots include an angle of at least 45°.
12. Apparatus according to claim 11 wherein the center lines of the diverging slots include an angle of about 90° to 160°.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH8391/76 | 1976-06-30 | ||
| CH839176A CH610528A5 (en) | 1976-06-30 | 1976-06-30 | Process and device for cleaning a gas |
| CH16185/76 | 1976-12-22 | ||
| CH1618576 | 1976-12-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1099209A true CA1099209A (en) | 1981-04-14 |
Family
ID=25703246
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA281,527A Expired CA1099209A (en) | 1976-06-30 | 1977-06-28 | Method and apparatus for the wet purification of gases |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4159196A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5336778A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7704239A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1099209A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD132637A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2729092A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES460187A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2356450A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1521859A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7706782A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE422005B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4313742A (en) * | 1979-04-26 | 1982-02-02 | Ostlie L David | Multiple angle single stage scrubber |
| EP0169814A1 (en) * | 1984-07-27 | 1986-01-29 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Apparatus for the production or handling of chemical compounds |
| FR2600553A1 (en) * | 1986-06-25 | 1987-12-31 | Air Ind Environnement | Process and plant for removing dust from gases |
| US4699639A (en) * | 1986-07-16 | 1987-10-13 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Air-intake, moisture-eliminator duct apparatus |
| DE277000T1 (en) * | 1987-01-27 | 1988-11-24 | Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa, Jp | MAGNETIC RECORDING AND / OR PLAYING DEVICE. |
| US4764186A (en) * | 1987-03-23 | 1988-08-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Particle impactor assembly for size selective high volume air sampler |
| DE3716126A1 (en) * | 1987-05-14 | 1988-12-01 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | DUST DISPENSER DEVICE |
| GB0503533D0 (en) * | 2005-02-21 | 2005-03-30 | Forstmanis Talivaldis | Evaporate for dilute aqueous solutions |
| US9248392B2 (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2016-02-02 | Cameron International Corporation | Method for extending turndown in a gas-liquid separator |
| CN106942088B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2020-09-01 | 山东新希望六和集团有限公司 | Raise chickens and receive egg device with automation |
| CN112393369B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-11-30 | 东台汇赢创融科技发展有限公司 | Air purification robot capable of inhibiting harmful gas emission |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE228428C (en) * | ||||
| US1669602A (en) * | 1927-06-30 | 1928-05-15 | Alfred C Danks | Baffle for steam drums |
| US1989774A (en) * | 1930-06-30 | 1935-02-05 | Diamond Power Speciality | Dedusting apparatus |
| FR699860A (en) * | 1930-07-24 | 1931-02-20 | Device for air and gas dust removal | |
| US2290323A (en) * | 1941-05-10 | 1942-07-21 | Clarence E Graham | Water and gas separator |
| CH227414A (en) * | 1942-07-16 | 1943-06-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Method and device for removing liquid droplets floating freely in air or gas streams. |
| US2599139A (en) * | 1949-10-05 | 1952-06-03 | Nat Smoke Control Corp | Apparatus for separating solids from currents of gases |
| BE505182A (en) * | 1950-08-11 | |||
| US3141910A (en) * | 1961-03-28 | 1964-07-21 | Swift & Co | Scrubber for dust and gas |
| BE634290A (en) * | 1962-06-28 | |||
| US3599398A (en) * | 1970-01-12 | 1971-08-17 | Ovitron Corp | Method and apparatus for separating foreign matter from gases |
| JPS475436U (en) * | 1971-02-12 | 1972-09-18 | ||
| GB1336924A (en) * | 1971-06-30 | 1973-11-14 | Bateman Ltd E | Scrubbing method and apparatus |
| JPS4971554A (en) * | 1972-11-15 | 1974-07-10 | ||
| JPS526905B2 (en) * | 1972-12-28 | 1977-02-25 | ||
| FR2325413A1 (en) * | 1975-09-26 | 1977-04-22 | Zundel Marcel | Removing liq. droplets and solid particles from gases - using a separator which incorporates a series of vertical grids |
-
1977
- 1977-06-20 NL NL7706782A patent/NL7706782A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-06-23 GB GB26448/77A patent/GB1521859A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-27 US US05/810,543 patent/US4159196A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1977-06-28 DE DE19772729092 patent/DE2729092A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1977-06-28 CA CA281,527A patent/CA1099209A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-28 FR FR7719848A patent/FR2356450A1/en active Granted
- 1977-06-28 ES ES460187A patent/ES460187A1/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-28 DD DD7700199744A patent/DD132637A5/en unknown
- 1977-06-29 BR BR7704239A patent/BR7704239A/en unknown
- 1977-06-29 SE SE7707514A patent/SE422005B/en unknown
- 1977-06-30 JP JP7729177A patent/JPS5336778A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1521859A (en) | 1978-08-16 |
| NL7706782A (en) | 1978-01-03 |
| JPS5336778A (en) | 1978-04-05 |
| SE7707514L (en) | 1977-12-31 |
| FR2356450B1 (en) | 1983-10-21 |
| SE422005B (en) | 1982-02-15 |
| US4159196A (en) | 1979-06-26 |
| DE2729092A1 (en) | 1978-01-12 |
| BR7704239A (en) | 1978-06-06 |
| ES460187A1 (en) | 1978-05-16 |
| JPS5711249B2 (en) | 1982-03-03 |
| DD132637A5 (en) | 1978-10-18 |
| FR2356450A1 (en) | 1978-01-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |