CA1112804A - Prosthetic valve - Google Patents
Prosthetic valveInfo
- Publication number
- CA1112804A CA1112804A CA302,667A CA302667A CA1112804A CA 1112804 A CA1112804 A CA 1112804A CA 302667 A CA302667 A CA 302667A CA 1112804 A CA1112804 A CA 1112804A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- flap
- hinge
- valve according
- valve
- annular member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
- A61F2/2412—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body with soft flexible valve members, e.g. tissue valves shaped like natural valves
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
- Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
- Y10T137/7898—Pivoted valves
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
- Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
- Y10T137/7898—Pivoted valves
- Y10T137/7903—Weight biased
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure A prosthetic valve, suitable for use as a mitral valve replacement, has a D-shaped annular seat-forming member and obturating flap, the flap hav-ing a major area formed by a rigid sheet of similar D-shape and extent for direct support on the seat when the valve is closed, and a flexible sheet hinge connecting the flap and annular member as a hinge along their straight edge portions. The rigid sheet is preferably scalloped around its free edge, with a flexible skirt being located across the incursions of this shaping, and is also preferably dished inwardly towards the annular member. The valve of the present invention avoids the major thombogenic complications inherent in the known ball and cage valves.
Description
11128~4 This invention concerns prosthetic valves and it has been developed initially for use as a prosthetic mitral valve.
However, while it is appropriate to describe the invention with reference to such use, it is to be understood that application may be made to other situations involving the handling of blood, such as oxygenators and dialysers.
While a considerable variety of proposals have been made in the past for prosthetic heart valves, those of such valves as are presently employed in clinical practice bear little resemblance to natural heart valve mechanisms. There is commonly a ball or disc element which is freely movable between an annular seat and members projecting therefrom to define a cage around the element. These cage members have proved to be a major thombogenic complication.
In contrast, the present invention more closely simulates the natural mitral valve and is based on a study of the latter valve as described in a paper entitled "Fluid Mechanics of a Model Mitral Valve and Left Ventricle" by B.J.Bellhouse in Cardiovascular ~esearch, Vol.VI, No. 2, pages 199-210, March 1972, with a view to avoiding thrombogenic complications.
According to the present invention there is provided a prosthetic valve comprising: an annular member defining a valve seat around an aperture; and an obturating flap having a major area thereof in the form of a rigid sheet with a substantially straight edge portion, . : - - ~ : .
- : . . : - .':'' .' : -'. ' ' .
-: ~ ::: - -: :: , : . ~ , : .
~28~4 and having a minor area thereof in the form of a flexible sheet extending from said edg0 portion and connecting the same to said member to serve as A hinge; said flap being movable about said hinge between positions in which the flap is respectively engaged anddisenga~0d with said seat to close and open said aperture, and said major area being of similar shape and extent to said seat 90 that the forces acting on said flap, when closed, are transmitted to said annular member predominantly through said stiff sheet.
An advantage of this form of valve is that the load on the flap, due to differential fluid pressure acting across it when closed, is not applied to the hinge.
In application as a prosthetic mitral valve, the annular member, flap and rigid sheet are each of general D-shape.
The natural mitral annulus is of a similar shape and this form of valve conforms with the anatomy of the left ventricle. In addition the straight edge portion of a D-shape allows the provision of a sufficiently long hinge to reliably locate the flap in closing notwithstanding the flexible form of the hinge.
In a preferred form of the invention the free edge portion of the rigid sheet is scalloped, with flexible sheet material extending across the incursions of such shaping. This arrangement .;
provides a flexible skirt which is located by the rigid sheet to ensure competence of the valve more reliably than may otherwise be the case with a purely rigid free edge portion. It is, in any case, . . :
~; , ' ' 8¢~4 preferred that the flap member be wholly covered with a layer of flexible blood-compatible material to define the skirt and hinge.
It is also preferred, for application as a mitral valve, that the rigid sheet is dished to provide opposed faces of convex and concave form which respectively face towards and away from the annular member. If the valve is located with the flap corresponding to the large anterior cusp of the natural mitral valve, the proposed dishing gives rise to blood flow patterns which correspond to those of the natural valve as described in the above-mentioned paperO
Also it is preferred that the annular member be of multiple component construction comprising an inner flexible tubular member held in the desired annular shape by a thinner stiffer member, such as a wire, with an overall outer covering of fabric.
The tube and fabric provide a sewing ring which is readily penetrated for the purposes of suturing.
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, the same will now be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figures 1 and 2 diagrammatically illustrate a prosthetic - mitral valve respectively in a plan view and cross-sectional view taken at I-I, Figures 3 and 4 schematically illustrate this valve when located in the heart, and respectively in open and closed conditions,and ". ., ... ..~ . -;:
:. , : '- :` :
~:~LlZ834 Figure 5 diagrammatically illustrates a modified form of this valve in a cross-sectional view similar to that of Figure 2.
The illustrated valve is denoted generally at 10 and comprises an annular member 11 and a flap 12.
The annular member 11 comprises a generally D-shaped metal wire 13 against which a tube 14 of flexible plastics material is held by enclosure of the wire and tube within an outer tubular sleeve 15 of fabric. The wire 13 is located radially innermost relative to the tube 14 and the D-shape, and the corresponding portion of the sleeve 15 is provided with an impermeable coating 16.
init_al~y preferred embodiment of this valve employs a wire of stainless steel, a tube of silicone rubber, a sleeve of knitted polyester fabric having its ends stitched together, and a coating of polyurethane.
The flap comprises a rigid sheet 17 of corresponding shape to the annular member 11, but slightly smaller in lateral dimensions to seat the~ edge of the flap only on the member when located on the latter from one side thereof. The sheet 17 is dished to provide opposed convex and concave faces 18 and 19, and its curved . f roo ~nd portion 20 is scalloped. The sheet 17 is wholly coated with a flexible impermeable material 21 which extends beyond the ~L4e edge of the sheet to form a flexible sheet hinge 22 along the straight edge portion and a flexible skirt 23 along the scalloped - .
, 1~128~4 edge portion 20. The hinge 22 i9 bonded to the straight portion of the annular member 11 to seat on the latter as described above, with the convex face 18 engaged on the member 11.
T~e above-described embodiment employs a rigid sheet of stainless steel and a coating of polyurethane, the sheet being formed with perforations 24 to key the coating.
The valve is shown in its intended location in Figures 3 and 4 with the flap assuming the position of the large anterior cusp of the natural mitral valve, and with the concave face facing into the left ventricle 30. The geometry of the flap and its location are then such that the valve opens wide early in diastole and is positioned at an angle approaching 90 by the formation of a vortex formed behind the flap during ventricular filling. This vortex formation is enhanced by the dished form of the flap. The flap is then moved towards closure by the combined effects of the vortex and the pressure gradient due to the decelerating flow through the valve. The valve is almost closed before the onset of ventricular systole, which ejects blood through the aorta 40 by way of the aortic valve 50, and so back flow through the prosthetic valve is negligible.
This action is consistent with that of the natural mitral valve as described in the above-mentioned paper.
The illustrated form of annular member is advantageous in affording easier pe~netration of its radially outer portion~ as ;: :.
: - :,-: .: :
.:
~Z8~4 a sewing ring for purposes of sutu~lng~ Also, the exposed fabric sleeve will allow tissue in-growth, while the impermeahle coating will maintain the seat free of tissue.
While the invention has been described so far with more particular reference to a specific application and an initially preferred embodiment, this is not intended to be limiting. It has already been indicated in the introduction that the invention is capable of different applications, and the form of the embodiment is equally capable of variation. Indeed, modifications of the valve are being evaluated in further development of the invention.
One facet of such modifications involves what can be regarded as the provision of a perivalvular leak to inhibit thrombus formation and excessive tissue overgrowth in the region between the hinge and the annular member. 0ne modification for this purpose ~ .
can involve the provision of a plurality of transverse slits, as denoted in dotted line form at 25 in Figure 1. However, this may be regarded as undesirable by virtue of the incompetence that is involved even though of low level. Another modification for this purpose involves preforming the hinge 22 at least over its end regions, and/or the skirt 23 adjacent to the ends of the hinge, to a curved shape extending away from the annular member 11 when unstressed. These preformed shapes will be such that, during closure, the remainaer of the fiap will seat first and the relevant shapes thereafter as the closure force increases with the onset , ,~ , .
,, .~ ' , ' - ~ .
~L~128~14 of ventricular systole, with this last phase of closure giving rise to tum~elled configurations through which blood passes in the manner of jets to scour the hinge and regions and adjacent seat. Preforming of this kind is shown at 26 in Figure 5 and is conveniently in the form of a single curved shape extending wholly along the hinge.
Another facet of the further modifications is aimed at enhancing the blood compatability of the valve. Again several different modifications are contemplated. In one such modification the impermeable material of the coating 16 is itself coated with a porous material to encourage the growth of a thin tissue layer, and a similar material is used as an outermost covering over the flap. It has been established that pore size is an important factor in regulating tissue layer thickness, with a pore size of about 10~ m being appropriate for the present purpose. In a simllar modification the valve surfaces are coated with hydrophilic materials, and in another such modification the surfaces are coated with hydrophobic material.
These modifications are also represented in Figure 5 where 27 denotes the additional coatings.
:- . ., :, : :, ; .
: ~ : : :
However, while it is appropriate to describe the invention with reference to such use, it is to be understood that application may be made to other situations involving the handling of blood, such as oxygenators and dialysers.
While a considerable variety of proposals have been made in the past for prosthetic heart valves, those of such valves as are presently employed in clinical practice bear little resemblance to natural heart valve mechanisms. There is commonly a ball or disc element which is freely movable between an annular seat and members projecting therefrom to define a cage around the element. These cage members have proved to be a major thombogenic complication.
In contrast, the present invention more closely simulates the natural mitral valve and is based on a study of the latter valve as described in a paper entitled "Fluid Mechanics of a Model Mitral Valve and Left Ventricle" by B.J.Bellhouse in Cardiovascular ~esearch, Vol.VI, No. 2, pages 199-210, March 1972, with a view to avoiding thrombogenic complications.
According to the present invention there is provided a prosthetic valve comprising: an annular member defining a valve seat around an aperture; and an obturating flap having a major area thereof in the form of a rigid sheet with a substantially straight edge portion, . : - - ~ : .
- : . . : - .':'' .' : -'. ' ' .
-: ~ ::: - -: :: , : . ~ , : .
~28~4 and having a minor area thereof in the form of a flexible sheet extending from said edg0 portion and connecting the same to said member to serve as A hinge; said flap being movable about said hinge between positions in which the flap is respectively engaged anddisenga~0d with said seat to close and open said aperture, and said major area being of similar shape and extent to said seat 90 that the forces acting on said flap, when closed, are transmitted to said annular member predominantly through said stiff sheet.
An advantage of this form of valve is that the load on the flap, due to differential fluid pressure acting across it when closed, is not applied to the hinge.
In application as a prosthetic mitral valve, the annular member, flap and rigid sheet are each of general D-shape.
The natural mitral annulus is of a similar shape and this form of valve conforms with the anatomy of the left ventricle. In addition the straight edge portion of a D-shape allows the provision of a sufficiently long hinge to reliably locate the flap in closing notwithstanding the flexible form of the hinge.
In a preferred form of the invention the free edge portion of the rigid sheet is scalloped, with flexible sheet material extending across the incursions of such shaping. This arrangement .;
provides a flexible skirt which is located by the rigid sheet to ensure competence of the valve more reliably than may otherwise be the case with a purely rigid free edge portion. It is, in any case, . . :
~; , ' ' 8¢~4 preferred that the flap member be wholly covered with a layer of flexible blood-compatible material to define the skirt and hinge.
It is also preferred, for application as a mitral valve, that the rigid sheet is dished to provide opposed faces of convex and concave form which respectively face towards and away from the annular member. If the valve is located with the flap corresponding to the large anterior cusp of the natural mitral valve, the proposed dishing gives rise to blood flow patterns which correspond to those of the natural valve as described in the above-mentioned paperO
Also it is preferred that the annular member be of multiple component construction comprising an inner flexible tubular member held in the desired annular shape by a thinner stiffer member, such as a wire, with an overall outer covering of fabric.
The tube and fabric provide a sewing ring which is readily penetrated for the purposes of suturing.
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, the same will now be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figures 1 and 2 diagrammatically illustrate a prosthetic - mitral valve respectively in a plan view and cross-sectional view taken at I-I, Figures 3 and 4 schematically illustrate this valve when located in the heart, and respectively in open and closed conditions,and ". ., ... ..~ . -;:
:. , : '- :` :
~:~LlZ834 Figure 5 diagrammatically illustrates a modified form of this valve in a cross-sectional view similar to that of Figure 2.
The illustrated valve is denoted generally at 10 and comprises an annular member 11 and a flap 12.
The annular member 11 comprises a generally D-shaped metal wire 13 against which a tube 14 of flexible plastics material is held by enclosure of the wire and tube within an outer tubular sleeve 15 of fabric. The wire 13 is located radially innermost relative to the tube 14 and the D-shape, and the corresponding portion of the sleeve 15 is provided with an impermeable coating 16.
init_al~y preferred embodiment of this valve employs a wire of stainless steel, a tube of silicone rubber, a sleeve of knitted polyester fabric having its ends stitched together, and a coating of polyurethane.
The flap comprises a rigid sheet 17 of corresponding shape to the annular member 11, but slightly smaller in lateral dimensions to seat the~ edge of the flap only on the member when located on the latter from one side thereof. The sheet 17 is dished to provide opposed convex and concave faces 18 and 19, and its curved . f roo ~nd portion 20 is scalloped. The sheet 17 is wholly coated with a flexible impermeable material 21 which extends beyond the ~L4e edge of the sheet to form a flexible sheet hinge 22 along the straight edge portion and a flexible skirt 23 along the scalloped - .
, 1~128~4 edge portion 20. The hinge 22 i9 bonded to the straight portion of the annular member 11 to seat on the latter as described above, with the convex face 18 engaged on the member 11.
T~e above-described embodiment employs a rigid sheet of stainless steel and a coating of polyurethane, the sheet being formed with perforations 24 to key the coating.
The valve is shown in its intended location in Figures 3 and 4 with the flap assuming the position of the large anterior cusp of the natural mitral valve, and with the concave face facing into the left ventricle 30. The geometry of the flap and its location are then such that the valve opens wide early in diastole and is positioned at an angle approaching 90 by the formation of a vortex formed behind the flap during ventricular filling. This vortex formation is enhanced by the dished form of the flap. The flap is then moved towards closure by the combined effects of the vortex and the pressure gradient due to the decelerating flow through the valve. The valve is almost closed before the onset of ventricular systole, which ejects blood through the aorta 40 by way of the aortic valve 50, and so back flow through the prosthetic valve is negligible.
This action is consistent with that of the natural mitral valve as described in the above-mentioned paper.
The illustrated form of annular member is advantageous in affording easier pe~netration of its radially outer portion~ as ;: :.
: - :,-: .: :
.:
~Z8~4 a sewing ring for purposes of sutu~lng~ Also, the exposed fabric sleeve will allow tissue in-growth, while the impermeahle coating will maintain the seat free of tissue.
While the invention has been described so far with more particular reference to a specific application and an initially preferred embodiment, this is not intended to be limiting. It has already been indicated in the introduction that the invention is capable of different applications, and the form of the embodiment is equally capable of variation. Indeed, modifications of the valve are being evaluated in further development of the invention.
One facet of such modifications involves what can be regarded as the provision of a perivalvular leak to inhibit thrombus formation and excessive tissue overgrowth in the region between the hinge and the annular member. 0ne modification for this purpose ~ .
can involve the provision of a plurality of transverse slits, as denoted in dotted line form at 25 in Figure 1. However, this may be regarded as undesirable by virtue of the incompetence that is involved even though of low level. Another modification for this purpose involves preforming the hinge 22 at least over its end regions, and/or the skirt 23 adjacent to the ends of the hinge, to a curved shape extending away from the annular member 11 when unstressed. These preformed shapes will be such that, during closure, the remainaer of the fiap will seat first and the relevant shapes thereafter as the closure force increases with the onset , ,~ , .
,, .~ ' , ' - ~ .
~L~128~14 of ventricular systole, with this last phase of closure giving rise to tum~elled configurations through which blood passes in the manner of jets to scour the hinge and regions and adjacent seat. Preforming of this kind is shown at 26 in Figure 5 and is conveniently in the form of a single curved shape extending wholly along the hinge.
Another facet of the further modifications is aimed at enhancing the blood compatability of the valve. Again several different modifications are contemplated. In one such modification the impermeable material of the coating 16 is itself coated with a porous material to encourage the growth of a thin tissue layer, and a similar material is used as an outermost covering over the flap. It has been established that pore size is an important factor in regulating tissue layer thickness, with a pore size of about 10~ m being appropriate for the present purpose. In a simllar modification the valve surfaces are coated with hydrophilic materials, and in another such modification the surfaces are coated with hydrophobic material.
These modifications are also represented in Figure 5 where 27 denotes the additional coatings.
:- . ., :, : :, ; .
: ~ : : :
Claims (11)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A prosthetic valve comprising: an annular member defining a valve seat around an aperture; and an obturating flap having a major area thereof in the form of a rigid sheet with a substantially straight edge portion, and hav-ing a minor area thereof in the form of a flexible sheet extending from said edge portion and connecting the flap to said member to serve as a hinge; said flap being movable about said hinge between positions in which the flap is respectively engaged and disengaged with said seat to close and open said aperture, and said major area being of similar shape and extent to said seat so that the forces acting on said flap to close said aperture are transmitted to said annular member predominantly through said rigid sheet.
2. A valve according to claim 1 wherein said annular member, flap, and rigid sheet are each of general D-shape with said hinge extending along the straight edge portion of such shapes.
3. A valve according to claim 1 wherein the remaining edge portion of said rigid sheet, other than said straight edge portion, is scalloped and has a skirt of flexible sheet material extending across the incursions of such shaping.
4. A valve according to claim 3 wherein said rigid sheet is wholly covered with a layer of impermeable material which extends therefrom to define said hinge and skirt.
5. A valve according to claim 4 wherein said rigid sheet is perforated.
6. A valve according to any of claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein said rigid sheet is dished providing opposed faces of convex and concave form respectively facing towards and away from said annular member.
7. A valve according to claim 3 wherein said skirt is preformed in the hinge end regions to curve away from said annular member.
8. A valve according to claims 1 or 2 wherein said hinge is preformed in the hinge end regions to curve away from said annular member.
9. A valve according to any of claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein said hinge is formed with a plurality of transverse slits therethrough.
10. A valve according to any of claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein said annular member is of multiple component construction including an inner flexible tubular member held in the desired annular shape by a relatively stiff member within an overall fabric covering for these last two members.
11. A valve according to any of claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein at least said seat and flap are provided with an outermost coating of one of a porous, hydrophilic, or hydrophobic material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB18895/77A GB1603634A (en) | 1977-05-05 | 1977-05-05 | Prosthetic valves |
| GB18895/77 | 1977-05-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1112804A true CA1112804A (en) | 1981-11-24 |
Family
ID=10120265
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA302,667A Expired CA1112804A (en) | 1977-05-05 | 1978-05-04 | Prosthetic valve |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4204283A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS53146500A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1112804A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2819089A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1603634A (en) |
Families Citing this family (84)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4306319A (en) * | 1980-06-16 | 1981-12-22 | Robert L. Kaster | Heart valve with non-circular body |
| DE3442088A1 (en) * | 1984-11-17 | 1986-05-28 | Beiersdorf Ag, 2000 Hamburg | HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS |
| CA1303298C (en) * | 1986-08-06 | 1992-06-16 | Alain Carpentier | Flexible cardiac valvular support prosthesis |
| DE69010890T2 (en) * | 1989-02-13 | 1995-03-16 | Baxter Int | PARTLY FLEXIBLE RING-SHAPED PROSTHESIS FOR IMPLANTING AROUND THE HEART-VALVE RING. |
| US5041130A (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1991-08-20 | Baxter International Inc. | Flexible annuloplasty ring and holder |
| US5290300A (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1994-03-01 | Baxter International Inc. | Flexible suture guide and holder |
| US5350420A (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1994-09-27 | Baxter International Inc. | Flexible annuloplasty ring and holder |
| FR2662074A1 (en) * | 1990-05-17 | 1991-11-22 | Seguin Jacques | PROSTHETIC RING FOR MITRAL OR TRICUSPID ANNULOPLASTY. |
| IT1247037B (en) * | 1991-06-25 | 1994-12-12 | Sante Camilli | ARTIFICIAL VENOUS VALVE |
| FR2708458B1 (en) * | 1993-08-03 | 1995-09-15 | Seguin Jacques | Prosthetic ring for cardiac surgery. |
| FR2708847B1 (en) * | 1993-08-13 | 1995-11-03 | Couetil Jean Paul | Implantable heart valve. |
| DE19625202A1 (en) * | 1996-06-24 | 1998-01-02 | Adiam Medizintechnik Gmbh & Co | Prosthetic mitral heart valve |
| US6174332B1 (en) | 1997-12-05 | 2001-01-16 | St. Jude Medical, Inc. | Annuloplasty ring with cut zone |
| US6024096A (en) | 1998-05-01 | 2000-02-15 | Correstore Inc | Anterior segment ventricular restoration apparatus and method |
| US6221104B1 (en) | 1998-05-01 | 2001-04-24 | Cor Restore, Inc. | Anterior and interior segment cardiac restoration apparatus and method |
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| US6139575A (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2000-10-31 | Medtronic, Inc. | Hybrid mechanical heart valve prosthesis |
| US6602289B1 (en) | 1999-06-08 | 2003-08-05 | S&A Rings, Llc | Annuloplasty rings of particular use in surgery for the mitral valve |
| US6626899B2 (en) | 1999-06-25 | 2003-09-30 | Nidus Medical, Llc | Apparatus and methods for treating tissue |
| US6572652B2 (en) * | 2000-08-29 | 2003-06-03 | Venpro Corporation | Method and devices for decreasing elevated pulmonary venous pressure |
| US7556646B2 (en) | 2001-09-13 | 2009-07-07 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Methods and apparatuses for deploying minimally-invasive heart valves |
| AU2002337598A1 (en) | 2001-10-04 | 2003-04-14 | Neovasc Medical Ltd. | Flow reducing implant |
| US7118595B2 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2006-10-10 | Medtronic, Inc. | Flexible annuloplasty prosthesis and holder |
| US6719786B2 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2004-04-13 | Medtronic, Inc. | Flexible annuloplasty prosthesis and holder |
| IL158960A0 (en) | 2003-11-19 | 2004-05-12 | Neovasc Medical Ltd | Vascular implant |
| US7871435B2 (en) | 2004-01-23 | 2011-01-18 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Anatomically approximate prosthetic mitral heart valve |
| US7976539B2 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2011-07-12 | Hansen Medical, Inc. | System and method for denaturing and fixing collagenous tissue |
| EP2308425B2 (en) | 2004-03-11 | 2023-10-18 | Percutaneous Cardiovascular Solutions Pty Limited | Percutaneous Heart Valve Prosthesis |
| US7455689B2 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2008-11-25 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Four-leaflet stented mitral heart valve |
| US9011528B2 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2015-04-21 | Medtronic, Inc. | Flexible annuloplasty prosthesis |
| US8007530B2 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2011-08-30 | Medtronic, Inc. | Tool and method for implanting an annuloplasty prosthesis |
| WO2007058857A2 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-24 | Arshad Quadri | Balloon-expandable, self-expanding, vascular prosthesis connecting stent |
| US7632308B2 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2009-12-15 | Didier Loulmet | Methods, devices, and kits for treating mitral valve prolapse |
| US20090287305A1 (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2009-11-19 | Amalaha Leonard D | Wholly implantable non-natural heart for humans |
| CN102292053A (en) | 2008-09-29 | 2011-12-21 | 卡迪尔克阀门技术公司 | Heart valve |
| WO2010040009A1 (en) | 2008-10-01 | 2010-04-08 | Cardiaq Valve Technologies, Inc. | Delivery system for vascular implant |
| CN102438546B (en) | 2008-11-21 | 2015-07-15 | 经皮心血管解决方案公司 | Heart valve prosthesis |
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Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3370305A (en) * | 1965-05-28 | 1968-02-27 | Goott Bernard | Heart valve with magnetic hinge means |
| US3445863A (en) * | 1965-12-08 | 1969-05-27 | Juro Wada | One-way valve device suitable for use as a heart valve |
| US3579642A (en) * | 1968-04-15 | 1971-05-25 | Bart T Heffernan | Heart valve assembly and method of implanting in the body |
| NL143127B (en) * | 1969-02-04 | 1974-09-16 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | REINFORCEMENT DEVICE FOR A DEFECTIVE HEART VALVE. |
| US3691567A (en) * | 1971-05-07 | 1972-09-19 | Baxter Laboratories Inc | Prosthetic heart valve having a pair of support rings of dissimilar material |
| CS159428B1 (en) * | 1972-02-01 | 1975-01-31 | ||
| US3812542A (en) * | 1972-10-10 | 1974-05-28 | D Shiley | Center post heart valve |
-
1977
- 1977-05-05 GB GB18895/77A patent/GB1603634A/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-04-29 DE DE19782819089 patent/DE2819089A1/en active Granted
- 1978-05-02 JP JP5323378A patent/JPS53146500A/en active Pending
- 1978-05-03 US US05/902,746 patent/US4204283A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1978-05-04 CA CA302,667A patent/CA1112804A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4204283A (en) | 1980-05-27 |
| GB1603634A (en) | 1981-11-25 |
| DE2819089C2 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
| DE2819089A1 (en) | 1978-11-16 |
| JPS53146500A (en) | 1978-12-20 |
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