CA1123700A - Thixotropic abrasive liquid scouring composition - Google Patents
Thixotropic abrasive liquid scouring compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1123700A CA1123700A CA340,397A CA340397A CA1123700A CA 1123700 A CA1123700 A CA 1123700A CA 340397 A CA340397 A CA 340397A CA 1123700 A CA1123700 A CA 1123700A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- weight
- stearate
- present
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/002—Non alkali-metal soaps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
- C11D17/0013—Liquid compositions with insoluble particles in suspension
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
- C11D17/003—Colloidal solutions, e.g. gels; Thixotropic solutions or pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/14—Fillers; Abrasives ; Abrasive compositions; Suspending or absorbing agents not provided for in one single group of C11D3/12; Specific features concerning abrasives, e.g. granulometry or mixtures
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An improved liquid abrasive scouring composition which has substantially no syneresis is prepared by mixing water, an abrasive and a multivalent stearate in specified ratios. The composition may include a number of optional ingredients to further enhance the cleaning ability of the liquid abrasive scouring composition, such as non-multivalent stearate surfactant, bleach, bodying agent, elecyrolyte and absorptive agent.
An improved liquid abrasive scouring composition which has substantially no syneresis is prepared by mixing water, an abrasive and a multivalent stearate in specified ratios. The composition may include a number of optional ingredients to further enhance the cleaning ability of the liquid abrasive scouring composition, such as non-multivalent stearate surfactant, bleach, bodying agent, elecyrolyte and absorptive agent.
Description
1~ ~3700 This invention relates to liquid abrasive scouring cleaning compositions and particularly those which are used in the home.
Liquid abrasive scouring compositions contain abrasive particles which settle out of the product during shipping and storage before the product reaches the ultimate consumer. Numerous attempts have been made to achieve both suitable suspension of the abrasive particles in the liquid compositions to prevent large scale settling and packing at the bottom of the container, and at the same time ease of dispensing the thickened product from a container.
; Australian Patent Specification 249,140 describes a liquid abrasive scouring cleanser composition including finely divided abrasives and water soluble sodium or potassium soaps, such as those derived from tallow, palm oil or cocon~t oil. There is no disclo-; 15 sure of substantially water-insoluble polyvalent stearatè soaps nor is there any disclosure of the effect of these polyvalent metal soaps on the thixotropic properties of the composition.
U.S. Patent 3,985,668 describes a stable, false body liquid abrasive scouring cleanser compositions utilizing, as a ; 20 suspending agent, a light particular filler material having a dia-meter ranging between l and 250 microns which aids in maintaining the suspension of the particular abrasive material. A wide range , of surfactants are disclosed. However, no water-insoluble poly-valent metal soaps are described.
U.S. Patent 4,005,027 describes the use of various colloid-forming clays such as attapulgites, smectities and mixtures ~, ~".~
~'~
~1~
1~..237~0 of these materials. Again, there is no disclosure that water-insoluble polyvalent metal soaps are effective to improve stability of the system.
The present invention provides a stable, thixotropic liquid abrasive cleaning composition comprising:
a) from about 1 to àbout 60% by weight of a water in-soluble particulate abrasive;
b) from 0.1 to about 10~ by weight of bleach;
c) from 0 to about 20% by weight of a non-multivalent stearate surfactant;
d) from 0 to about 10~ by weight of an electrolyte;
e) water, with the proviso that the composition contain at least some electrolyte or some non-multivalent stearate surfactant;
f) from 5 to about 25~ by weight of a light density filler; and g) from abQut 0.05 to about 10% by weight of a multi-balent stearate soap selected from aluminum mono-stearate, aluminum distearate, aluminum tristearate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, barium stearate or mixtures thereof.
The instant composition is substantially non-separating upon standing for extended periods of time and alleviates the pro-blem of packing the abrasive in the bottom of the-container upon storage. Furthermore, the thixotropic system of the present in-vention is relatively simple to prepare and reduces the syneresis or separation of water from compositions including those which include ,, ~237~)0 false body agents, such as fillers and clays.
Furthermore, the above composition is stable with respect to decomposition and separation in the presence of bleaches and, particularly, chlorine-containing bleaches.
The aqueous liquid abrasive cleaning composition of the present invention contains three essential components: the aqueous liquid phase comprising water; a water-insoluble abrasive, and a polyvalent metal stearate soap. In addition to these three essential components, the composition must contain a small amount of at least one of the following classes of materials, non-multivalent stearate surfactant or electrolyte. Further, the composition may contain optional components such as bleaches, bodying agent, light density filters, dyes, pigments, perfumes and preservatives which can be incorporated into the composition of the present invention.
The compositions of the present invention exhibit the characteristics of non-Newtonlan fluids. Because the amount of shear exerted upon the composition during dispensing through a limited sized orifice is limited, it is not necessary to determine which forms of non-Newtonian flow these materials exhibit, i.e., pseudoplastia behavior, thixotropic behavior or Bingham plastic be-havior. The compositions of the present invention are relatively thick and immobile at rest. However, if shear force is applied to the composition either by shaking or by squeezing the composition through a restricted orifice, the viscosity of the composition de-creases so as to allow the same to flow readily and be dispensed.
As the amount of shear which is applied to these compositions is ,,,., ~, ~ , ~......................................... .
~ ,f~3~VO
far below the breakdown point, the e~act determination of the non-Newtonian fluid flow characteristics need not be made. As the flow properties of the compositions of the present invention are general-ly similar to those exhibited by thixotropic liquids, they will hereafter be described as "thixotropic".
The composition of the present invention is an aqueous composition and, as such, the prime component of the composition is water. Although it is not necessary for the successful preparation of compositions of the present invention, it is preferred that de-ionized or softened water be utilized as this minimizes the additionof stray metal ions which could have an unstabilizing effect on the composition. This is especially true if a bleach is incorporated into the composition as small amounts of certain metal ions such as iron and copper effectively catalyze tne decomposition of bleaches in an aqueous system.
The amount of water in the composition is not particularly critical and, in general, comprises the balance of the composition to make 100% by weight. Generally, this will be in amounts ranging from about 25 to 85~ by weight water and preferably from about 40 to about 65~ by weight~water.
The abrasive materials which are suitable for use in the composition of the present invention are relatively heavy water-insoluble particulate materials which are capable of being suspended throughout the thixotropic liquid composition of the present inven-tion. Generally, these abrasive materials have particle sizes inthe range of from l to 250 microns, although it is possible that a ~1237~0 small percentage of the abrasive will have a particle size of larger than 250 microns.
Suitable abrasives which can be utilized in the composi-tion of the present invention include titanium dioxide, silica sand, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, zirconium silicate, diatoma-ceous earth, quartz, pumice, pumicite, whiting, perlite, tripoli, melamine, urea formaldehyde resins, ground rigid polymeric materials, such as polyurethane foam, feldspar, vermiculite, water absorbant soft abrasives, such as calcium silicate and aluminum silicate.
Furthermore, mixtures of these abrasives can be utilized in the compositions so as to provide a balanced composition having both hard and soft abrasives. The preferred abrasives for use in the composition of the present invention are calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, silica, calcium silicate and mixtures thereof. The water-15 insoluble abrasive material must be present in the amount of from1 to 60% by weight and preferably from 10 to 50% by weight and most preferably from about 25 to 40% by weight.
In those compositions which do not contain a bodying agent and particularly when the composition does not include a smectite or attapulgite clay, it is preferred that- at least 5% by weight of the composition and preferably from 5 to 20% by weight of an absorbant abrasive, such as calcium silicate, aluminum silicate or mixtures thereof. Generally, these absorptive abrasives are used in combina-tion with a primary abrasive, such as calcium carbonate or silica.
The primary agents in the composition of the present in-vention which provide the same with their novel and unique thixo-,~ .
~37~) tropic characteristics are the multivalent metal stearate soaps.
These metal stearate soaps are water-insoluble materials which pro-vide a gel or colloidal flow characteristic to the compositions of the present inventlon. Suitable multivalent metal stearate soaps include al~ninum monostearate, aluminum distearate, aluminum tri-stearate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate and barrium stearate and mixtures thereof. The preferred stearate soaps for use in the composition of the present invention are magnesium stearate and the aluminum stearates and particularly aluminum mono-stearate soap. These multivalent metal stearate soaps must be pre-sent in the composition of the present invention in an amount of from 0.05 to 10~ by weight and preferably from 0.1 to 2% by weight and optimalIy from 0.2 to 0.5% by weight.
To aid in the cleaning of thé hard surface by the abrasive, a non-multivalent stearate surfactant material may be included in the composition of the present invention. By the terms 'Isur~actant"
or "non-multivalent stearate surfactant" in this specification and the appended claims is any surfactant that is not a multivalent stearate soap, as described in this specification. Substantially any surfactant materials which are compatible with the other com-ponents in the composition of the present invention can be utilized.
These include water-soluble anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, cationic and zwiterionic surfactants. It should be noted that this term surfactant does not incl~lde water-insoluble multivalent metal stear-ate soaps which are used as the bodying agents in the compositionsof the present invention.
,\y~ .
~.23700 In addition, as the preferred compositions of the present invention include a bleach and particularly a chlorine bleach, it is preferred that the surfactant which is utilized in the composi-tion of the present invention be stable in the presence of such ~-- 5 bleach and not contribute to the decomposition both of the surfac-, tant and the bleach. Therefore, it is preferred that these surfac-tants not include any functional groups such as hydroxy groups, aromatic rings, ether linkages, unsaturated groups, etc. which are susceptible to oxidation by bleaching groups and compositions.
Bleach-stable surfactants which are especially resistant -~ to hypochlorite oxidation fall into two main groups. One such class of bleach-stable surfactants are the water-soluble alkyl sul-fates containing from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
Alkyl sulfates are the water-soluble s~alts of sulfated fatty alco-hols. They are produced from natural or synthetic fatty alcohols containing from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms. Natural fatty alcohols include those produced by reducing the glycerides of naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty alcohols can also be produced syn-thetically, for example, by the Oxo process. Examples of suitable alcohols whiCh can be employed in alkyl sulfate manufacture include decyl, lauryl, myristyl, palmityl and stearyl alcohols and the mixtures of fatty alcohols derived by reducing the qlycerides of tallow and coconut oil.
Specific examples of alkyl sulfate salts which can be em-ployed in the instant detergent compositions include sodium lauryl alkyl sulfate, sodium stearyl alkyl sulfate, sodium palmityl alkyl ' P' ~, , . ' , ;
~L~.Z37~D~
~ 8 --sulfate, sodium decyl sulfate, sodium myristyl alkyl sulfate, potas-sium lauryl alkyl sulfate, potassium palmityl alkyl sulfate, potas-sium myristyl alkyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, potassium dodecyl sulfate, potassium tallow alkyl sulfate, sodium tallow alkyl sulfaie, sodium coconut alkyl sulfate, potassium coconut alkyl sulfate and mixtures of these surfactants. Highly preferred alkyl sulfates are sodium coconut alkyl sulfate, potassium coconut alkyl sulfate, potassium lauryl alkyl sulfate and sodium lauryl alkyl sulfate.
A second class of bleach-stable surfactant materials highly preferred for use in the compositions of the instant invention which contain hypochlorite bleach are the water-soluble betaine sur-factants. These materials have the general formuia:
l2 Rl- N~ -R4~ COO
wherein Rl is an alkyl group containing from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are each lower alkyl groups containing from about 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and R4 is an alkylene group selected from the group consisting of methylene, propylene, butylene and pentylene.
(Propionate betaines decompose in aqueous solution and are hence not suitable for use in the instant compositions.) Examples of suitable betaine compounds of this type include dodecyldimethylammonium acetate, tetradecyldimethylammonium acetate, hexadecyldimethylammonium acetate, alkyldimethylammonium acetate wherein the alkyl group averages about 1~.~ carbon atoms in length, :```
.
~ 2~7VV
g dodecyldimethylammonium butanoate, tetradecyldimethylammonium bu-tanoate, hexadecyldimethylammonium butanoate, dedcyldimethylammonium hexanoate, hexa~ecyldimethylammonium hexanoate, tetradecyldiethyl-ammonium pentanoate and tetradecyldipropylammonium pentanoate.
Especially preferred betain surfactants include dodecyldimethylam-monium acetate, dodecyldimethylammonium hexanoate, hexadecyldimethyl-ammonium acetate and hexadecyldimethylammonium hexanoate.
Preferred surfactants for use in the composition of the present invention include sodium lauryl sulfate combined with sodium xylene sulfonate. The surfactant should be present in an amount of from 0 to 20% by weight and preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight, and optimally from 2 to 15% by weight.
The composition of the present invention also includes from 0 to lO~ by weight of an electrolyte composition. These mater-ials are utilized in the instant composition to maintain the pHwithin the range of from 10.5 to 14 so as to aid in stabilizing any bleach, if present. Suitable materials for use as the electrolyte or buffering agent must be bleach-stable and can include various alkali metal and alkine earth salts such as carbonates, bicarbonates, sesquicarbonates, silicates, pyrophosphates, phosphates, tetrabor-ates and mixtures thereof. As examples of these materials, the fol-lowing may be included: sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium silicate, tetrapotassium pyrophos-phate, trisodium phosphate, anhydrous sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate pentahydrate and sodium tetraborate decahydrate. The preferred materials ~F use in the comFosition oi the present in-1~`.237~V
vention are sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate or mixtures of sodium carbonate with sodium metasilicate. The electrolyte should be present in an amount of from 0 to 10% by weight and preferably from about 0.1 to 6% by weight, and optimally from 3 to 6% by weight.
As noted above, the composition must include at least some surfactant or some electrolyte or both surfactant and electro--lyte. At least one of these materials must be present even in very small amounts, i.e., 0.1~ by weight, to aid in dispersing the multivalent stearate soap.
The composition of the present invention may also include a bodying agent which provides some of the viscosity and thickening in the composition. These bodying agents include colloidal fumed silica, calcium diatomate, attapulgites, smectites, and mixtures thereof. These materials are used to 7ive a non-Newtonian character to the system. These bodying agents are present in the composition in an amount of from 0 to 5% by weight and preferably from 1 to 5%
by weight.
A further optional component of the system is a light density filIer material. Suitable fillers include various powdered poly~eric and plastic materials, such as powdered polymers, i.e., polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyester resin, phenolic resin, polysulfide, as well as glass microspheres and hollow glass microbollons. These materlals aid the polyvalent metal stearate in reducing the syneresis or free liquid which forms on standing. The light density filler may be present in an amount of from 0 to about 25% by weight, and preferably in an amount of from 5 tc 20% by weight.
" 'i' ~z37VV
As the primary and preferred optional ingredient for use in the composition of the present invention is a bleach, these bleaching agents can be any suitable bleaching agent which yields active chlorine or oxygen in an aqueous system. Most preferred bleaching systems are those which yield a hypochlorite species in aqueous solution. The hypochlorite ion is a very strong oxidizing agent and yields materials which are considered powerful bleaching agents.
Suitable bleaching agents which yield a hypochlorite species in aqueous systems are the alkali metal and alkaline earch hypochlorites, hypochlorite addition products, chloramines, chlori-mines, chloramids, chlorimids. Specific examples include sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite, monobasic calcium hypochlorite, dibasic magnesium hypochlorite, chlorinated disodium phosphate dode-cahydrate, potassium dichloroisocyanurate, sodium dichloroisocyanu-rate, sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate, trichlorocyanuric acid, 1,3-dichloro-5,-5-dimethylhydantoin, N-chlorosulfamide, Chloramine ~S~ T, Dichloramine T, Chloramine B and Dichloramine B. Preferred bleaching agents for use in the compositions of the present invention are sodium hypochlorite and monobasic calcium hypochlorite when uti-lized in combination with sodium silicate which forms sodium hypo-chlorite in situ. If present, the bleaching agents sho~ld be pre-sent in an amount of from 0.1 to 10~ by weight and preferably from about 0.5 to 3% by weight.
The composition of the present invention also may include additional builder compositions, stabilizers, coloring agents and 37~
perfumes. These materials must be stable to chlorine bleaches if chlorine bleach and bleaching agents are present in the composition of the present invention. In general, these optional materials should not be present in the total composition in an amount of more than 5% by weight and are generally dissolved in or emulsified in the composition.
The composition of the present invention is prepared by first dissolving a small percentage of the electrolyte, if present, in water, the polyvalent stearate soap added using high shear so as to wet the same and disperse the soap. The other components of the formulation, including the chlorine bleach, are added in any sequence with mixing. This composition prepared by this composition has an apparent high viscosity. However, upon shaking or squeezing through a small orifice, the product thins substantially so that the same may be easily enriddled and dispensed.
The composition of the present invention will now be illu-strated by way of the following examples wherein all parts and per-centages are by weight and all temperatures are in degrees centi-grade.
` EXAMPLE 1 30% sodium lauryl sulfate (Onyx Maprofix LCP) 12.0%
325 mesh ground white sand 30.0 bentonite (Whittaker, Clark * Daniels B49) 4.7 potassium stearate 2.2 ~lZ37~
magnesium stearate U.S.P. 0.2 dye, perfume and preservative q.s.
water to 100%
The bentonite is added to water at high sheer agitation using a Premier Dispersator. After mixing for maximum thixotrophy, the potassium stearate and magnesium stearate are added. The sodium lauryl sulfate is added and the mixture is agitated to uni-formity. The abrasive, dye, perfume and preservative are then added.
The composition was placed in a 16 fluid oz. container and allowed to set undisturbed for 3 months, after which time the amount of syneresis, or free liquid, is measured. The composition of ~xample 1 had less than 1% free liquid, too little to measure.
The composition is an effective liquid abrasive compositlon.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE_l 30% active sodium lauryl sulfate (Onyx Maprofix LCP) 13.0%
325 mesh ground white sand 30.0 bentonite (Whittaker, Clark &
Daniels B49) 4.5 potassium stearate 2.1 dye, perfume and preservativeq.s.
water to 100%
The above composition was prepared using the procedure of Example 1. When tested for syneresis, as in Example 1, the compo-sition showed a free liquid of 13% by volume.
~237~3V
Mg stearate, U.S.P. 1.15%
sodium carbonate 1.90 tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 6.60 calcium hypochlorite, 65% active 1.40 amine oxide surfactant, 30%
active Ammonyx LO (lauryl dimethyl amine oxide) 5.85 tripotassium phosphate 1.80 aluminum oxide 1.00 veegum H.S. - Vanderbilt (Montmorillonite) 3.98 deionized water, coloring agent and perfume ' 77.32 100. 00% ' The above composition was prepared using the procedure of Example 1, except that the calcium hypochlorite and sodium carbon-ate are added before the magnesium stearate and allowed to react to form sodium hypochlorite in situ. The phosphate is also added just before the stearate. This composition showed substantially no syneresis on standing. Further accelerated stability testing indi-cated the chlorine content would not reduce to 0.13~ until after 18 months.
aluminum monostearate, U.S.P. 0.3%
sodium carbonate 5.7 ~ ~ 237~)0 sodium metasilicate 1.0 calcium hypochlorite, 65% active 1.2 ARCO polyethylene powder, P.E. 750 7.7 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.0 sodium xylene sulfonate 1.0 feldspar - 25.9 calcium silicate, Johns Manville, Microcel E 2.1 deionized water, fragrance, ~, 10 coloring agent 54.1 ,, ~,; , 100 . 0%
This composition was prepared by adding the water to a mixture of sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate and calcium hypo-chlorite. The aluminum monostearate and polyethene is added with ~: 15 agitation followed by the remaining components.
When tested for syneresis, this composition showed less . than 1% free liquid after 3 months and required over 18 months to , reduce the hypochlorite content to 0.13%.
~: EXAMPLE 4 20 water 70.63%
veegum 3.25 sodium carbonate 1.87 calcium hypochlorite 1.40 ' 55% solution of tripotassium phosphate 3.50 tetra potassium pyrophosphate 6.50 alumina, Alcoa A3 (325 mesh) 1.00 37~
magnesium stearate U.S.P. 0.10 amine oxide, Onyx Ammonyx LO 5.16 sodium xylene sulfate (Witco Chemical Co.) 6.56 pine essence 0-03 100 . 00%
pH 11.7 The composition is prepared using the procedure of Example
Liquid abrasive scouring compositions contain abrasive particles which settle out of the product during shipping and storage before the product reaches the ultimate consumer. Numerous attempts have been made to achieve both suitable suspension of the abrasive particles in the liquid compositions to prevent large scale settling and packing at the bottom of the container, and at the same time ease of dispensing the thickened product from a container.
; Australian Patent Specification 249,140 describes a liquid abrasive scouring cleanser composition including finely divided abrasives and water soluble sodium or potassium soaps, such as those derived from tallow, palm oil or cocon~t oil. There is no disclo-; 15 sure of substantially water-insoluble polyvalent stearatè soaps nor is there any disclosure of the effect of these polyvalent metal soaps on the thixotropic properties of the composition.
U.S. Patent 3,985,668 describes a stable, false body liquid abrasive scouring cleanser compositions utilizing, as a ; 20 suspending agent, a light particular filler material having a dia-meter ranging between l and 250 microns which aids in maintaining the suspension of the particular abrasive material. A wide range , of surfactants are disclosed. However, no water-insoluble poly-valent metal soaps are described.
U.S. Patent 4,005,027 describes the use of various colloid-forming clays such as attapulgites, smectities and mixtures ~, ~".~
~'~
~1~
1~..237~0 of these materials. Again, there is no disclosure that water-insoluble polyvalent metal soaps are effective to improve stability of the system.
The present invention provides a stable, thixotropic liquid abrasive cleaning composition comprising:
a) from about 1 to àbout 60% by weight of a water in-soluble particulate abrasive;
b) from 0.1 to about 10~ by weight of bleach;
c) from 0 to about 20% by weight of a non-multivalent stearate surfactant;
d) from 0 to about 10~ by weight of an electrolyte;
e) water, with the proviso that the composition contain at least some electrolyte or some non-multivalent stearate surfactant;
f) from 5 to about 25~ by weight of a light density filler; and g) from abQut 0.05 to about 10% by weight of a multi-balent stearate soap selected from aluminum mono-stearate, aluminum distearate, aluminum tristearate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, barium stearate or mixtures thereof.
The instant composition is substantially non-separating upon standing for extended periods of time and alleviates the pro-blem of packing the abrasive in the bottom of the-container upon storage. Furthermore, the thixotropic system of the present in-vention is relatively simple to prepare and reduces the syneresis or separation of water from compositions including those which include ,, ~237~)0 false body agents, such as fillers and clays.
Furthermore, the above composition is stable with respect to decomposition and separation in the presence of bleaches and, particularly, chlorine-containing bleaches.
The aqueous liquid abrasive cleaning composition of the present invention contains three essential components: the aqueous liquid phase comprising water; a water-insoluble abrasive, and a polyvalent metal stearate soap. In addition to these three essential components, the composition must contain a small amount of at least one of the following classes of materials, non-multivalent stearate surfactant or electrolyte. Further, the composition may contain optional components such as bleaches, bodying agent, light density filters, dyes, pigments, perfumes and preservatives which can be incorporated into the composition of the present invention.
The compositions of the present invention exhibit the characteristics of non-Newtonlan fluids. Because the amount of shear exerted upon the composition during dispensing through a limited sized orifice is limited, it is not necessary to determine which forms of non-Newtonian flow these materials exhibit, i.e., pseudoplastia behavior, thixotropic behavior or Bingham plastic be-havior. The compositions of the present invention are relatively thick and immobile at rest. However, if shear force is applied to the composition either by shaking or by squeezing the composition through a restricted orifice, the viscosity of the composition de-creases so as to allow the same to flow readily and be dispensed.
As the amount of shear which is applied to these compositions is ,,,., ~, ~ , ~......................................... .
~ ,f~3~VO
far below the breakdown point, the e~act determination of the non-Newtonian fluid flow characteristics need not be made. As the flow properties of the compositions of the present invention are general-ly similar to those exhibited by thixotropic liquids, they will hereafter be described as "thixotropic".
The composition of the present invention is an aqueous composition and, as such, the prime component of the composition is water. Although it is not necessary for the successful preparation of compositions of the present invention, it is preferred that de-ionized or softened water be utilized as this minimizes the additionof stray metal ions which could have an unstabilizing effect on the composition. This is especially true if a bleach is incorporated into the composition as small amounts of certain metal ions such as iron and copper effectively catalyze tne decomposition of bleaches in an aqueous system.
The amount of water in the composition is not particularly critical and, in general, comprises the balance of the composition to make 100% by weight. Generally, this will be in amounts ranging from about 25 to 85~ by weight water and preferably from about 40 to about 65~ by weight~water.
The abrasive materials which are suitable for use in the composition of the present invention are relatively heavy water-insoluble particulate materials which are capable of being suspended throughout the thixotropic liquid composition of the present inven-tion. Generally, these abrasive materials have particle sizes inthe range of from l to 250 microns, although it is possible that a ~1237~0 small percentage of the abrasive will have a particle size of larger than 250 microns.
Suitable abrasives which can be utilized in the composi-tion of the present invention include titanium dioxide, silica sand, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, zirconium silicate, diatoma-ceous earth, quartz, pumice, pumicite, whiting, perlite, tripoli, melamine, urea formaldehyde resins, ground rigid polymeric materials, such as polyurethane foam, feldspar, vermiculite, water absorbant soft abrasives, such as calcium silicate and aluminum silicate.
Furthermore, mixtures of these abrasives can be utilized in the compositions so as to provide a balanced composition having both hard and soft abrasives. The preferred abrasives for use in the composition of the present invention are calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, silica, calcium silicate and mixtures thereof. The water-15 insoluble abrasive material must be present in the amount of from1 to 60% by weight and preferably from 10 to 50% by weight and most preferably from about 25 to 40% by weight.
In those compositions which do not contain a bodying agent and particularly when the composition does not include a smectite or attapulgite clay, it is preferred that- at least 5% by weight of the composition and preferably from 5 to 20% by weight of an absorbant abrasive, such as calcium silicate, aluminum silicate or mixtures thereof. Generally, these absorptive abrasives are used in combina-tion with a primary abrasive, such as calcium carbonate or silica.
The primary agents in the composition of the present in-vention which provide the same with their novel and unique thixo-,~ .
~37~) tropic characteristics are the multivalent metal stearate soaps.
These metal stearate soaps are water-insoluble materials which pro-vide a gel or colloidal flow characteristic to the compositions of the present inventlon. Suitable multivalent metal stearate soaps include al~ninum monostearate, aluminum distearate, aluminum tri-stearate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate and barrium stearate and mixtures thereof. The preferred stearate soaps for use in the composition of the present invention are magnesium stearate and the aluminum stearates and particularly aluminum mono-stearate soap. These multivalent metal stearate soaps must be pre-sent in the composition of the present invention in an amount of from 0.05 to 10~ by weight and preferably from 0.1 to 2% by weight and optimalIy from 0.2 to 0.5% by weight.
To aid in the cleaning of thé hard surface by the abrasive, a non-multivalent stearate surfactant material may be included in the composition of the present invention. By the terms 'Isur~actant"
or "non-multivalent stearate surfactant" in this specification and the appended claims is any surfactant that is not a multivalent stearate soap, as described in this specification. Substantially any surfactant materials which are compatible with the other com-ponents in the composition of the present invention can be utilized.
These include water-soluble anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, cationic and zwiterionic surfactants. It should be noted that this term surfactant does not incl~lde water-insoluble multivalent metal stear-ate soaps which are used as the bodying agents in the compositionsof the present invention.
,\y~ .
~.23700 In addition, as the preferred compositions of the present invention include a bleach and particularly a chlorine bleach, it is preferred that the surfactant which is utilized in the composi-tion of the present invention be stable in the presence of such ~-- 5 bleach and not contribute to the decomposition both of the surfac-, tant and the bleach. Therefore, it is preferred that these surfac-tants not include any functional groups such as hydroxy groups, aromatic rings, ether linkages, unsaturated groups, etc. which are susceptible to oxidation by bleaching groups and compositions.
Bleach-stable surfactants which are especially resistant -~ to hypochlorite oxidation fall into two main groups. One such class of bleach-stable surfactants are the water-soluble alkyl sul-fates containing from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
Alkyl sulfates are the water-soluble s~alts of sulfated fatty alco-hols. They are produced from natural or synthetic fatty alcohols containing from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms. Natural fatty alcohols include those produced by reducing the glycerides of naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty alcohols can also be produced syn-thetically, for example, by the Oxo process. Examples of suitable alcohols whiCh can be employed in alkyl sulfate manufacture include decyl, lauryl, myristyl, palmityl and stearyl alcohols and the mixtures of fatty alcohols derived by reducing the qlycerides of tallow and coconut oil.
Specific examples of alkyl sulfate salts which can be em-ployed in the instant detergent compositions include sodium lauryl alkyl sulfate, sodium stearyl alkyl sulfate, sodium palmityl alkyl ' P' ~, , . ' , ;
~L~.Z37~D~
~ 8 --sulfate, sodium decyl sulfate, sodium myristyl alkyl sulfate, potas-sium lauryl alkyl sulfate, potassium palmityl alkyl sulfate, potas-sium myristyl alkyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, potassium dodecyl sulfate, potassium tallow alkyl sulfate, sodium tallow alkyl sulfaie, sodium coconut alkyl sulfate, potassium coconut alkyl sulfate and mixtures of these surfactants. Highly preferred alkyl sulfates are sodium coconut alkyl sulfate, potassium coconut alkyl sulfate, potassium lauryl alkyl sulfate and sodium lauryl alkyl sulfate.
A second class of bleach-stable surfactant materials highly preferred for use in the compositions of the instant invention which contain hypochlorite bleach are the water-soluble betaine sur-factants. These materials have the general formuia:
l2 Rl- N~ -R4~ COO
wherein Rl is an alkyl group containing from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are each lower alkyl groups containing from about 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and R4 is an alkylene group selected from the group consisting of methylene, propylene, butylene and pentylene.
(Propionate betaines decompose in aqueous solution and are hence not suitable for use in the instant compositions.) Examples of suitable betaine compounds of this type include dodecyldimethylammonium acetate, tetradecyldimethylammonium acetate, hexadecyldimethylammonium acetate, alkyldimethylammonium acetate wherein the alkyl group averages about 1~.~ carbon atoms in length, :```
.
~ 2~7VV
g dodecyldimethylammonium butanoate, tetradecyldimethylammonium bu-tanoate, hexadecyldimethylammonium butanoate, dedcyldimethylammonium hexanoate, hexa~ecyldimethylammonium hexanoate, tetradecyldiethyl-ammonium pentanoate and tetradecyldipropylammonium pentanoate.
Especially preferred betain surfactants include dodecyldimethylam-monium acetate, dodecyldimethylammonium hexanoate, hexadecyldimethyl-ammonium acetate and hexadecyldimethylammonium hexanoate.
Preferred surfactants for use in the composition of the present invention include sodium lauryl sulfate combined with sodium xylene sulfonate. The surfactant should be present in an amount of from 0 to 20% by weight and preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight, and optimally from 2 to 15% by weight.
The composition of the present invention also includes from 0 to lO~ by weight of an electrolyte composition. These mater-ials are utilized in the instant composition to maintain the pHwithin the range of from 10.5 to 14 so as to aid in stabilizing any bleach, if present. Suitable materials for use as the electrolyte or buffering agent must be bleach-stable and can include various alkali metal and alkine earth salts such as carbonates, bicarbonates, sesquicarbonates, silicates, pyrophosphates, phosphates, tetrabor-ates and mixtures thereof. As examples of these materials, the fol-lowing may be included: sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium silicate, tetrapotassium pyrophos-phate, trisodium phosphate, anhydrous sodium tetraborate, sodium tetraborate pentahydrate and sodium tetraborate decahydrate. The preferred materials ~F use in the comFosition oi the present in-1~`.237~V
vention are sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate or mixtures of sodium carbonate with sodium metasilicate. The electrolyte should be present in an amount of from 0 to 10% by weight and preferably from about 0.1 to 6% by weight, and optimally from 3 to 6% by weight.
As noted above, the composition must include at least some surfactant or some electrolyte or both surfactant and electro--lyte. At least one of these materials must be present even in very small amounts, i.e., 0.1~ by weight, to aid in dispersing the multivalent stearate soap.
The composition of the present invention may also include a bodying agent which provides some of the viscosity and thickening in the composition. These bodying agents include colloidal fumed silica, calcium diatomate, attapulgites, smectites, and mixtures thereof. These materials are used to 7ive a non-Newtonian character to the system. These bodying agents are present in the composition in an amount of from 0 to 5% by weight and preferably from 1 to 5%
by weight.
A further optional component of the system is a light density filIer material. Suitable fillers include various powdered poly~eric and plastic materials, such as powdered polymers, i.e., polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyester resin, phenolic resin, polysulfide, as well as glass microspheres and hollow glass microbollons. These materlals aid the polyvalent metal stearate in reducing the syneresis or free liquid which forms on standing. The light density filler may be present in an amount of from 0 to about 25% by weight, and preferably in an amount of from 5 tc 20% by weight.
" 'i' ~z37VV
As the primary and preferred optional ingredient for use in the composition of the present invention is a bleach, these bleaching agents can be any suitable bleaching agent which yields active chlorine or oxygen in an aqueous system. Most preferred bleaching systems are those which yield a hypochlorite species in aqueous solution. The hypochlorite ion is a very strong oxidizing agent and yields materials which are considered powerful bleaching agents.
Suitable bleaching agents which yield a hypochlorite species in aqueous systems are the alkali metal and alkaline earch hypochlorites, hypochlorite addition products, chloramines, chlori-mines, chloramids, chlorimids. Specific examples include sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite, monobasic calcium hypochlorite, dibasic magnesium hypochlorite, chlorinated disodium phosphate dode-cahydrate, potassium dichloroisocyanurate, sodium dichloroisocyanu-rate, sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate, trichlorocyanuric acid, 1,3-dichloro-5,-5-dimethylhydantoin, N-chlorosulfamide, Chloramine ~S~ T, Dichloramine T, Chloramine B and Dichloramine B. Preferred bleaching agents for use in the compositions of the present invention are sodium hypochlorite and monobasic calcium hypochlorite when uti-lized in combination with sodium silicate which forms sodium hypo-chlorite in situ. If present, the bleaching agents sho~ld be pre-sent in an amount of from 0.1 to 10~ by weight and preferably from about 0.5 to 3% by weight.
The composition of the present invention also may include additional builder compositions, stabilizers, coloring agents and 37~
perfumes. These materials must be stable to chlorine bleaches if chlorine bleach and bleaching agents are present in the composition of the present invention. In general, these optional materials should not be present in the total composition in an amount of more than 5% by weight and are generally dissolved in or emulsified in the composition.
The composition of the present invention is prepared by first dissolving a small percentage of the electrolyte, if present, in water, the polyvalent stearate soap added using high shear so as to wet the same and disperse the soap. The other components of the formulation, including the chlorine bleach, are added in any sequence with mixing. This composition prepared by this composition has an apparent high viscosity. However, upon shaking or squeezing through a small orifice, the product thins substantially so that the same may be easily enriddled and dispensed.
The composition of the present invention will now be illu-strated by way of the following examples wherein all parts and per-centages are by weight and all temperatures are in degrees centi-grade.
` EXAMPLE 1 30% sodium lauryl sulfate (Onyx Maprofix LCP) 12.0%
325 mesh ground white sand 30.0 bentonite (Whittaker, Clark * Daniels B49) 4.7 potassium stearate 2.2 ~lZ37~
magnesium stearate U.S.P. 0.2 dye, perfume and preservative q.s.
water to 100%
The bentonite is added to water at high sheer agitation using a Premier Dispersator. After mixing for maximum thixotrophy, the potassium stearate and magnesium stearate are added. The sodium lauryl sulfate is added and the mixture is agitated to uni-formity. The abrasive, dye, perfume and preservative are then added.
The composition was placed in a 16 fluid oz. container and allowed to set undisturbed for 3 months, after which time the amount of syneresis, or free liquid, is measured. The composition of ~xample 1 had less than 1% free liquid, too little to measure.
The composition is an effective liquid abrasive compositlon.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE_l 30% active sodium lauryl sulfate (Onyx Maprofix LCP) 13.0%
325 mesh ground white sand 30.0 bentonite (Whittaker, Clark &
Daniels B49) 4.5 potassium stearate 2.1 dye, perfume and preservativeq.s.
water to 100%
The above composition was prepared using the procedure of Example 1. When tested for syneresis, as in Example 1, the compo-sition showed a free liquid of 13% by volume.
~237~3V
Mg stearate, U.S.P. 1.15%
sodium carbonate 1.90 tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 6.60 calcium hypochlorite, 65% active 1.40 amine oxide surfactant, 30%
active Ammonyx LO (lauryl dimethyl amine oxide) 5.85 tripotassium phosphate 1.80 aluminum oxide 1.00 veegum H.S. - Vanderbilt (Montmorillonite) 3.98 deionized water, coloring agent and perfume ' 77.32 100. 00% ' The above composition was prepared using the procedure of Example 1, except that the calcium hypochlorite and sodium carbon-ate are added before the magnesium stearate and allowed to react to form sodium hypochlorite in situ. The phosphate is also added just before the stearate. This composition showed substantially no syneresis on standing. Further accelerated stability testing indi-cated the chlorine content would not reduce to 0.13~ until after 18 months.
aluminum monostearate, U.S.P. 0.3%
sodium carbonate 5.7 ~ ~ 237~)0 sodium metasilicate 1.0 calcium hypochlorite, 65% active 1.2 ARCO polyethylene powder, P.E. 750 7.7 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.0 sodium xylene sulfonate 1.0 feldspar - 25.9 calcium silicate, Johns Manville, Microcel E 2.1 deionized water, fragrance, ~, 10 coloring agent 54.1 ,, ~,; , 100 . 0%
This composition was prepared by adding the water to a mixture of sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate and calcium hypo-chlorite. The aluminum monostearate and polyethene is added with ~: 15 agitation followed by the remaining components.
When tested for syneresis, this composition showed less . than 1% free liquid after 3 months and required over 18 months to , reduce the hypochlorite content to 0.13%.
~: EXAMPLE 4 20 water 70.63%
veegum 3.25 sodium carbonate 1.87 calcium hypochlorite 1.40 ' 55% solution of tripotassium phosphate 3.50 tetra potassium pyrophosphate 6.50 alumina, Alcoa A3 (325 mesh) 1.00 37~
magnesium stearate U.S.P. 0.10 amine oxide, Onyx Ammonyx LO 5.16 sodium xylene sulfate (Witco Chemical Co.) 6.56 pine essence 0-03 100 . 00%
pH 11.7 The composition is prepared using the procedure of Example
2. Brookfield viscosity is 190 centipoise, #3 spindle, #12 rpm, sixty minutes after standing overnight. Even at this viscosity, the system is perfectly dispersed and had no measurable syneresis after 30 days.
veegum HS, Vanderbilt montmorillonite 3.75%
sodium carbonate 5.70 sodium metasilicate 1.00 calcium hypochlorite, 65% active Olin Chemical 1.40 amorphous~silica, Illinois Minerals Insil A25 10.00 magnesium stearate U.S.P. - Witco 0.21 amine oxide surfactant, Onyx Ammonyx LO 2.10 sodium xylene sulfonate, 40~ active Witco Chemical Co. 2.60 .,, ,i, ~.237~V
water and pine fragrance to 100%
pH 11.8; Viscosity, Brookfield, #3 spindle, 12 rpm, sixty minutes; 5400 cps.
Process: 87% of water at 60C. is used to disperse veegum with a dispersator. After full body is obtained, add balance of water at room temperature. In sequence stir in silica, sodium carbonate, bleach and sodium metasilicate. Predisperse the magne-sium stearate in the surfactant blend and add to batch, then pine perfume.
After standing at room temperature for one month in a tall form 10 fluid oz. plastic container, there is no syneresis.
This formula, when stored at 43C., requires 11 weeks to reach a chlorine content of 1.13% wt./wt. This would correspond to two years storage at room temperature.
aluminum monostearate U.S.P. - Witco 0.3 %
sodium carbonate 5.7 calcium hypochlorite 1.2 sodium metasilicate 1.0 feldspar 25.9 calcium silicate, Microcel E
Johns Manville 2.1 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.0 sodium xylene sulfonate 2.5 ultramarine blue 0.07 polyethylene powder, ARCO P.E. 750 7.70 ~L~.237~) pine fragrance 0-03 deionized water to 100%
Process: To the water stir in with dispersator calcium hypochlorite and sodium carbonate. Sift in aluminum monostearate and polyethylene. In sequence, stir in calcium silicate and feld-spar and blue. With moderate speed of mixing, add in sequence sodium -xylene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate and pine fragrance, lastly sodium metasilicate. Measure viscosity at once.
pH 12; Brookfield viscosity, #3 spindle, 12 rpm., 30 seconds Freshly made 1600 cps.
Overnight 4400 cps.
The hypochlorite will reach 1.13% after 19 weeks at 43.35C.
This corresponds to well over two years shelf stability.
aluminum distearate (Witco ~16) 2.9 sodium metasilicate 0.3 calcium hypochlorite (65%) 1.2 calcium carbonate 40.0 sodium laùryl sulfate (30%) 3.8 sodium hydroxide (50~) 0.7 fumed silica (Cab-O-Sil M5) 1.5 tap water 49.6 100 . 0%
The sodium metasilicate is added to the water which has been heated to 60C. The aluminum distearate is stirred into the
veegum HS, Vanderbilt montmorillonite 3.75%
sodium carbonate 5.70 sodium metasilicate 1.00 calcium hypochlorite, 65% active Olin Chemical 1.40 amorphous~silica, Illinois Minerals Insil A25 10.00 magnesium stearate U.S.P. - Witco 0.21 amine oxide surfactant, Onyx Ammonyx LO 2.10 sodium xylene sulfonate, 40~ active Witco Chemical Co. 2.60 .,, ,i, ~.237~V
water and pine fragrance to 100%
pH 11.8; Viscosity, Brookfield, #3 spindle, 12 rpm, sixty minutes; 5400 cps.
Process: 87% of water at 60C. is used to disperse veegum with a dispersator. After full body is obtained, add balance of water at room temperature. In sequence stir in silica, sodium carbonate, bleach and sodium metasilicate. Predisperse the magne-sium stearate in the surfactant blend and add to batch, then pine perfume.
After standing at room temperature for one month in a tall form 10 fluid oz. plastic container, there is no syneresis.
This formula, when stored at 43C., requires 11 weeks to reach a chlorine content of 1.13% wt./wt. This would correspond to two years storage at room temperature.
aluminum monostearate U.S.P. - Witco 0.3 %
sodium carbonate 5.7 calcium hypochlorite 1.2 sodium metasilicate 1.0 feldspar 25.9 calcium silicate, Microcel E
Johns Manville 2.1 sodium lauryl sulfate 1.0 sodium xylene sulfonate 2.5 ultramarine blue 0.07 polyethylene powder, ARCO P.E. 750 7.70 ~L~.237~) pine fragrance 0-03 deionized water to 100%
Process: To the water stir in with dispersator calcium hypochlorite and sodium carbonate. Sift in aluminum monostearate and polyethylene. In sequence, stir in calcium silicate and feld-spar and blue. With moderate speed of mixing, add in sequence sodium -xylene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate and pine fragrance, lastly sodium metasilicate. Measure viscosity at once.
pH 12; Brookfield viscosity, #3 spindle, 12 rpm., 30 seconds Freshly made 1600 cps.
Overnight 4400 cps.
The hypochlorite will reach 1.13% after 19 weeks at 43.35C.
This corresponds to well over two years shelf stability.
aluminum distearate (Witco ~16) 2.9 sodium metasilicate 0.3 calcium hypochlorite (65%) 1.2 calcium carbonate 40.0 sodium laùryl sulfate (30%) 3.8 sodium hydroxide (50~) 0.7 fumed silica (Cab-O-Sil M5) 1.5 tap water 49.6 100 . 0%
The sodium metasilicate is added to the water which has been heated to 60C. The aluminum distearate is stirred into the
3'7~
above mixture. The resulting mixture is cooled to 21C. and the calcium carbonate, calcium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide and sodium lauryl sulfate are added. The mixture is allowed to stand overnight, and the fumed silica is dispersed into the composition.
This composition shows minimal free liquid on standiny.
aluminum distearate (Witco #30) 0.375%
sodium carbonate 3.750 sodium metasilicate 0.600 calcium hypochlorite (65%) 1.500 calcium silicate 7.000 calcium carbonate 33.000 sodium lauryl sulfate (30%)3.300 sodium xylene sulfonate (40%~ 3.300 water 47.175 100. 00%
The above components are processed as in Example 7. The composition shows substantially no free liquid on standing.
calcium stearate 0.73%
sodium carbonate 3.43 sodium metasilicate 0.73 calcium carbonate 33.06 calcium hypochlorite (65%) 1.47 sodium xylene sulfonate (40%) 3.35 sodium lauryl sulfate (30%)3.35 l~.Z3700 calcium silicate (CaO. SiO2 calcined) 6.12 Microcel E
water 47.76 100. 00%
5The above components are processed using the procedure of Example 7. There is substantially no free liquid on standing.
, aluminum tristearate (Witco ~132) 0.38%
sodium carbonate 3.75 calcium hypochlorite (65%) 1.50 sodium metasilicate 0.62 calcium carbonate 33.88 Microcel E 6.12 sodium lauryl sulfate (30%) 3.25 lS water 50.50 100 . 00%
The above components are processed using the procedure of Example 7. There is substantially no free liquid on standing.
zinc steàrate U.S.P. 0.50%
sodium carbonate 3.38 sodium metasilicate 0.50 calcium hypochlorite (65%) 1.29 calcium carbonate (Calcium Carbonate Co. Q3) 32.34 sodium lauryl sulfate(30%) 3.18 :
sodium zylen~ sulfonate (40%) 3.18 deionized water 49.16 Microcel E 6.47 100 . 00%
The above components are processed using the procedure of Example 7. The composition is quite stable and has little free liquid on standing.
calcium silicate, Microcel E 12.5%
calcium stearate 12.5 sodium xylene sulfonate (40%) 5,0 water 70.0 100.0%
The above composition was prepared by dispersing the sur-factant in water at 43C. The calcium stearate is then added and the composition is cooled to 21C. The calcium silicate is then added. The composition has a pH of 8.6 and a Brookfield viscosity of 2000 cps. The composition has little free liquid on standing.
calcium silicate, Microcel E 7.5 expanded Perlite 3.1 calcium stearate 11.1 sodium carbonate 4.9 water 73.4 100.0%
The above composition has a pH of 10.5 and a viscosity of 3500 cps. The composition was prepared using the procedure of Example 7. There was substantially no free liquid on standing.
above mixture. The resulting mixture is cooled to 21C. and the calcium carbonate, calcium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide and sodium lauryl sulfate are added. The mixture is allowed to stand overnight, and the fumed silica is dispersed into the composition.
This composition shows minimal free liquid on standiny.
aluminum distearate (Witco #30) 0.375%
sodium carbonate 3.750 sodium metasilicate 0.600 calcium hypochlorite (65%) 1.500 calcium silicate 7.000 calcium carbonate 33.000 sodium lauryl sulfate (30%)3.300 sodium xylene sulfonate (40%~ 3.300 water 47.175 100. 00%
The above components are processed as in Example 7. The composition shows substantially no free liquid on standing.
calcium stearate 0.73%
sodium carbonate 3.43 sodium metasilicate 0.73 calcium carbonate 33.06 calcium hypochlorite (65%) 1.47 sodium xylene sulfonate (40%) 3.35 sodium lauryl sulfate (30%)3.35 l~.Z3700 calcium silicate (CaO. SiO2 calcined) 6.12 Microcel E
water 47.76 100. 00%
5The above components are processed using the procedure of Example 7. There is substantially no free liquid on standing.
, aluminum tristearate (Witco ~132) 0.38%
sodium carbonate 3.75 calcium hypochlorite (65%) 1.50 sodium metasilicate 0.62 calcium carbonate 33.88 Microcel E 6.12 sodium lauryl sulfate (30%) 3.25 lS water 50.50 100 . 00%
The above components are processed using the procedure of Example 7. There is substantially no free liquid on standing.
zinc steàrate U.S.P. 0.50%
sodium carbonate 3.38 sodium metasilicate 0.50 calcium hypochlorite (65%) 1.29 calcium carbonate (Calcium Carbonate Co. Q3) 32.34 sodium lauryl sulfate(30%) 3.18 :
sodium zylen~ sulfonate (40%) 3.18 deionized water 49.16 Microcel E 6.47 100 . 00%
The above components are processed using the procedure of Example 7. The composition is quite stable and has little free liquid on standing.
calcium silicate, Microcel E 12.5%
calcium stearate 12.5 sodium xylene sulfonate (40%) 5,0 water 70.0 100.0%
The above composition was prepared by dispersing the sur-factant in water at 43C. The calcium stearate is then added and the composition is cooled to 21C. The calcium silicate is then added. The composition has a pH of 8.6 and a Brookfield viscosity of 2000 cps. The composition has little free liquid on standing.
calcium silicate, Microcel E 7.5 expanded Perlite 3.1 calcium stearate 11.1 sodium carbonate 4.9 water 73.4 100.0%
The above composition has a pH of 10.5 and a viscosity of 3500 cps. The composition was prepared using the procedure of Example 7. There was substantially no free liquid on standing.
Claims (17)
1. A stable, liquid abrasive cleaning composition comprising:
a) from about 1 to about 60% by weight of a water insoluble particulate abrasive;
b) from 0.1 to about 10% by weight of bleach;
c) from 0 to about 20% by weight of a non-multivalent stearate surfactant;
d) from 0 to about 10% by weight of an electrolyte;
e) water, with the proviso that the composition contain at least some electrolyte or some non-multivalent stearate surfactant;
f) from 5 to about 25% by weight of a light density filler; and g) from about 0.05 to about 10% by weight of a multivalent stearate soap selected from aluminum monostearate, aluminum distearate, aluminum tristearate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, barium stearate or mixtures thereof.
a) from about 1 to about 60% by weight of a water insoluble particulate abrasive;
b) from 0.1 to about 10% by weight of bleach;
c) from 0 to about 20% by weight of a non-multivalent stearate surfactant;
d) from 0 to about 10% by weight of an electrolyte;
e) water, with the proviso that the composition contain at least some electrolyte or some non-multivalent stearate surfactant;
f) from 5 to about 25% by weight of a light density filler; and g) from about 0.05 to about 10% by weight of a multivalent stearate soap selected from aluminum monostearate, aluminum distearate, aluminum tristearate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, barium stearate or mixtures thereof.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the abrasive is present in an amount of from 10 to 50% by weight.
3. The composition of claim 2 wherein the abrasive is present in an amount of from 25 to 40% by weight.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the abrasive has a particle size within the range of from about 1 to about 250 microns.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the non-multivalent stearate surfactant is present in the range of from 0.1 to 15% by weight.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the electro-lyte is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 6% by weight.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the bodying agent is present in an amount of from 1 to 5% by weight.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein the light density filler is present in an amount of from 5 to 20% by weight.
9. The composition of claim 1 wherein the multi-valent metal stearate soap is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 2% by weight.
10. The composition of claim 9 wherein the multi-valent stearate soap is present in an amount of from 0.2 to 0.5% by weight.
11. The composition of claim 1 wherein the multi-valent stearate is selected from the group consisting of aluminum monostearate, aluminum distearate, aluminum tri-stearate, magnesium stearate and mixtures thereof.
12. The composition of claim 1 wherein the multi-valent stearate soap is selected from the group consisting of aluminum monostearate, magnesium stearate and mixtures thereof.
13. The composition of claim 1 wherein the multi-valent stearate soap is aluminum monostearate.
14. The composition of claim 1 wherein the multi-valent stearate soap is magnesium stearate.
15. The composition of claim 1 wherein the bleaching agent is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 10% by weight.
16. The composition of claim 15 wherein the bleaching agent is present in an amount of from 0.5 to 3% by weight.
17. The composition of claim 1 wherein the bleaching agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium hypochlorite, monobasic calcium hypochlorite and mixtures thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/964,318 US4240919A (en) | 1978-11-29 | 1978-11-29 | Thixotropic abrasive liquid scouring composition |
| US964,318 | 1978-11-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1123700A true CA1123700A (en) | 1982-05-18 |
Family
ID=25508398
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA340,397A Expired CA1123700A (en) | 1978-11-29 | 1979-11-22 | Thixotropic abrasive liquid scouring composition |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4240919A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0011984B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU532060B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1123700A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2966096D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (108)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4394179A (en) * | 1979-06-25 | 1983-07-19 | Polymer Technology Corporation | Abrasive-containing contact lens cleaning materials |
| US4830783A (en) * | 1979-06-25 | 1989-05-16 | Polymer Technology, Corp | Abravise-containing contact lens cleaning materials |
| JPS5624500A (en) * | 1979-08-08 | 1981-03-09 | Kogyo Gijutsuin | Metal soap composition |
| US4534878A (en) * | 1980-10-15 | 1985-08-13 | Polymer Technology Corporation | Abrasive-containing contact lens cleaning materials |
| US4396522A (en) * | 1981-05-13 | 1983-08-02 | The Proctor & Gamble Company | Polyethylene oxide cake with reduced gelling for flush toilet wastewater sanitation |
| US4693840A (en) * | 1982-07-26 | 1987-09-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | No rinse liquid car cleaner with solid polymers |
| US4481126A (en) * | 1982-07-26 | 1984-11-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | No rinse liquid car cleaner with solid polymers |
| US4491478A (en) * | 1982-08-10 | 1985-01-01 | United States Borax & Chemical Corporation | Compositions and methods for polishing metal surfaces |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| NL263260A (en) | 1960-04-06 | |||
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-
1978
- 1978-11-29 US US05/964,318 patent/US4240919A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1979
- 1979-11-15 AU AU52876/79A patent/AU532060B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-11-21 DE DE7979302653T patent/DE2966096D1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-11-21 EP EP79302653A patent/EP0011984B2/en not_active Expired
- 1979-11-22 CA CA340,397A patent/CA1123700A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2966096D1 (en) | 1983-09-29 |
| EP0011984B2 (en) | 1988-07-06 |
| EP0011984B1 (en) | 1983-08-24 |
| AU5287679A (en) | 1980-05-29 |
| US4240919A (en) | 1980-12-23 |
| AU532060B2 (en) | 1983-09-15 |
| EP0011984A1 (en) | 1980-06-11 |
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| MKEX | Expiry |