CA1153184A - Asphalt composition shingles - Google Patents
Asphalt composition shinglesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1153184A CA1153184A CA000374118A CA374118A CA1153184A CA 1153184 A CA1153184 A CA 1153184A CA 000374118 A CA000374118 A CA 000374118A CA 374118 A CA374118 A CA 374118A CA 1153184 A CA1153184 A CA 1153184A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- panels
- region
- fold
- asphalt
- shingle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/26—Strip-shaped roofing elements simulating a repetitive pattern, e.g. appearing as a row of shingles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D2001/005—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements the roofing elements having a granulated surface
Abstract
ASPHALT COMPOSITION SHINGLES
ABSTRACT
The present Invention relates to the field of roofing, and more particularly, non-metallic roofing such as asphalt composition and woodshake roofing. Asphalt composition roofing of various types is very well known in the prior art and historically have been characterized as providing a relatively flat (i.e. non-three dimensional) roof, thereby having a minimal decorative character.
Also, asphalt composition roofing, whether by way of conventional shingles or otherwise, has historically utilized a highly repetitive pattern in the roofing, thereby again limiting the decorative characteristic of the roof. The disclosed asphalt composition shingles for new roofing and reroofing provide a three dimensional appearance not unlike shake but with the characteristic lower cost and fire retarding characteristics of asphalt composition materials. The shingles may be cut from a standard roll of asphalt composition material, and are then folded to provide regions of differing thick-nesses because of the differing number of thicknesses of the material in the various regions. The shingle design allows reroofing over existing shake roofs without requiring the stripping of the old roof. Various embodiments are disclosed.
ABSTRACT
The present Invention relates to the field of roofing, and more particularly, non-metallic roofing such as asphalt composition and woodshake roofing. Asphalt composition roofing of various types is very well known in the prior art and historically have been characterized as providing a relatively flat (i.e. non-three dimensional) roof, thereby having a minimal decorative character.
Also, asphalt composition roofing, whether by way of conventional shingles or otherwise, has historically utilized a highly repetitive pattern in the roofing, thereby again limiting the decorative characteristic of the roof. The disclosed asphalt composition shingles for new roofing and reroofing provide a three dimensional appearance not unlike shake but with the characteristic lower cost and fire retarding characteristics of asphalt composition materials. The shingles may be cut from a standard roll of asphalt composition material, and are then folded to provide regions of differing thick-nesses because of the differing number of thicknesses of the material in the various regions. The shingle design allows reroofing over existing shake roofs without requiring the stripping of the old roof. Various embodiments are disclosed.
Description
` ~5i3184 ASPHALT COMPOSITION SHINGLES
____________ TECHNICAL FIELD
The present Invention relates to the fTeld of rooflng, and more partlcularly, non-metalllc roofing such as asphalt composltlon and woodshake rooflng.
BACKGROUND OF THE PRIOR ART
Asphalt composltlon roofing of varlous types Is very well known In the pri~r art. Such materials are characterlzed by a base layer of felt-llke materlal, saturated wlth asphalt, and havlng a layer of asphalt on one surface thereof blndlng an outer layer of granules thereto. Such materlals are relatlvely Inexpenslve and of llght weight, thereby flndlng wlde usage, though hlstorlcally have been characterlzed as provldlng a relatlvely flat (I.e. non-three dlmenslonal) roof, thereby havlng a mlnlmal decorattve charac-ter. Also, asphalt composltlon rooflng, whether by way of conventlon-al shlngles or otherwlse, has hlstortcally utlllzed a hlghly repetltlve pattern In the rooflng, thereby agaln llmltlng the decora-tlve characterlstlc of the roof.
In certaln Instances In the prlor art, asphalt composltlon materlals had been folded for varlous purposes, Includlng foldlng to provlde Improved seallng characterlstlcs and foldlng to create reglons of Increased thickness to provlde some better three-dlmenslonal characterlstlc. Such foldlng however, was In general llmlted, wlth the resultlng roof agaln having the hlghly repetltlve deslgn generally characterlstic of asphalt composltlon roofs. Examples of such foldlng may be found In U.S. Patent Nos. 1,410,299; 1,435,626; 1,596,272; 1,848,965; 1,975,986; and
____________ TECHNICAL FIELD
The present Invention relates to the fTeld of rooflng, and more partlcularly, non-metalllc roofing such as asphalt composltlon and woodshake rooflng.
BACKGROUND OF THE PRIOR ART
Asphalt composltlon roofing of varlous types Is very well known In the pri~r art. Such materials are characterlzed by a base layer of felt-llke materlal, saturated wlth asphalt, and havlng a layer of asphalt on one surface thereof blndlng an outer layer of granules thereto. Such materlals are relatlvely Inexpenslve and of llght weight, thereby flndlng wlde usage, though hlstorlcally have been characterlzed as provldlng a relatlvely flat (I.e. non-three dlmenslonal) roof, thereby havlng a mlnlmal decorattve charac-ter. Also, asphalt composltlon rooflng, whether by way of conventlon-al shlngles or otherwlse, has hlstortcally utlllzed a hlghly repetltlve pattern In the rooflng, thereby agaln llmltlng the decora-tlve characterlstlc of the roof.
In certaln Instances In the prlor art, asphalt composltlon materlals had been folded for varlous purposes, Includlng foldlng to provlde Improved seallng characterlstlcs and foldlng to create reglons of Increased thickness to provlde some better three-dlmenslonal characterlstlc. Such foldlng however, was In general llmlted, wlth the resultlng roof agaln having the hlghly repetltlve deslgn generally characterlstic of asphalt composltlon roofs. Examples of such foldlng may be found In U.S. Patent Nos. 1,410,299; 1,435,626; 1,596,272; 1,848,965; 1,975,986; and
2,253,753. In U.S. Patent No. 3,913,294 an asphalt composltion hip and rldge cover givlng a hlghly pronounced three-dlmensional characterlstlc Is dlsclosed, thts rldge cover provldlng a bulldlng sIIhouette resembllng that of a bulIdlng wIth a shake roof.
Shlngles of a slmllar character however, have heretofore not been known, except for the general type of shlngle or slngle-llke rooflng exempllfled by the foregolng prlor art. In recent years, to enhance the appearance of asphalt composltlon shingles, varlous technlques have been used, includlng the use of varylng thlcknesses of the asphalt layer over the base materlal to provlde varlatlon in the shlngle thlcknesses, and use of a dlfferent color granule on the lower portlon of the shlngle to provlde a shadlng ~ .
5;31~34 effect to provide the illusion of a deeper three-dTmensional roof.
IEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The dlsclosed asphalt composltlon shingles for new roofing and reroofing provtde a three-dtmensional appearance not unltke shake but wtth the characterlsttc lower cost and fire retardlng characterlstics of asphalt composltton materlals.
The shingles may be cut from a standard roll of asphalt composi-tlon materlal, and are then folded to provtde reglons of dlfferlng thlcknesses because of the dlfferlng number of thlcknesses of the materlal In the various regions. The shingle destgn allows reroofing over exlstlng shake roofs without requlrlng the strTpplng of the old roof. Varlous embodtments are dlsclosed.
In accordance wlth one broad aspect, the Inventlon Is dlrected to a shlngle comprlslng a unltary sheet of asphalt composltlon rooflng material whlch includes a substrate of asphalt saturated felt and a layer of granules on the top surface thereof bonded to the saturated felt by a layer of asphalt, the unltary sheet having an upper reglon, an Intermedlate region and a lower reglon, a flrst portlon of the lower reglon betng folded upward about ZO a flrst fold llne between the Intermedlate reglon and the lower reglon to lle flat against the top surface of the intermediate reglon, the remalnlng portlon of the lower reglon belng folded about at least one fold llne approxlmately perpendlcular to the flrst fold llne to overlle, top surface up, the flrst portlon of the lower region whlch In turn overlles a portlon of the Inter-medlate reglon.
~R! EF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Flgure I is a perspective vlew of a shlngle In accordance to the present Inventlon.
Flgure 2 Is a plan view of a shlngle blank from whlch the shlngle of Flgure I Is made.
Flgures 3 through 6 Illustrate the foldlng of the shlngle of Flgure 1.
Flgure 7 Is an end vlew of the sh1ngle of Flgures I and 6.
Figures 8 and ~ illustrate the appllcatlon of the shlngle of Flgure I to re-rooflng of shake roofs.
Flgures 10 through 13 illustrate the accessorles for flnlshlng the gable end and eaves of a roof.
;31~34 Flgure 14 Is a plan form for a shlngle blank for making an alternate embodlment of the present Invention.
Flgure 15 illustrates the foldlng of the embodtment of Figure 14.
Flgure 16 Is a perspectlve vlew partlally cut away of the embodlment of Flgures 14 and 15.
Flgure 17 Is an end vlew of shlngles Illustratlng the stacklng thereof.
Flgure 18 and 19 Illustrate the vlsual appearance of the Installed shlngles of thls aiternate embodlment.
DETAILED i~ESCRlPTlON OF THE INVENTION
Flrst referrlng to Flgure 1, a perspectlve vlew of one shlngle In accordance wlth the present invention may be seen.
Thls shlngle, formed from a un1tary sheet of asphalt composltlon rooflng materlal, Is characterlzed by reglons 209 22 and 24 of three thlckness of materlal, wlth reglons 26 therebetween of a slngle material thlckness. For enhanced vlsual appearance, reglons 20, 22 and 24 extend lower than reglons 26 to glve a saw-toothed characterstic to the lower edge of the shtngle.
A second course underlayer Is provided by upper panel 2~ coupled to the lower course through a "Z" fold In reglon 30. Preferably, nall holes 32 are provlded along the lower edge of panel 28 through whlch the shlngles are nailed In place, as shall be subsequently descrlbed In greater detall.
The shlngle of Flgure I ts fabrlcated from a shlngle sheet of conventlonal asphalt composltlon matertal, preferably nlnty pound materlal, though other wetghts may be used as deslred.
Slnce the Invention Involves the foldlng of the asphalt composl-tlon rooflng materlal, the preferred method of fabrlcatlon contemplates automated cuttlng and foldlng equipment dlrectly in line wlth the asphalt composltlon rooflng productlon equipment, so that cuttlng and foldlng of the materlal as requlred may re~dlly be accomplIshed whlle the materlal stlll remalns qulte warm. Alternatively of course, standard rolls of the materlal may be preheated before processlng so as to more readlly facllltate foldlng. In any event, a shlngle blank In accordance wlth the outllne of Flgure 2 Is flrst cut from the standard roll. In thls regard the dlstance from the top edge 34 of panel 28 to the lower edge 37 of the shlngle blank may ~i3184 conveniently be equal to the wldth of a standard roll so that waste material is minimtzed.
The blank shown in Flgure 2 is shown In a face up posltTon, I.e. as tt would be vlewed from the granule coated slde. It Is also conflgured for Installatlon from left to rt~ht golng up the roof tn accordance wlth conventlonal roofing practlce.
The blank has three basic reglons, each Inter-cooperatlng to provide the deslred end result In the flnlshed tile. Aslde from ths upper reglon 28, there Is an Intermedlate reglon 36 and a lower reglon generally Indtcated by the numeral 38. The upper regton 28, Is Integrally coupled to the Intermedlate regton 36 through a sectlon 40 by fotd llnes 42 and 44 ~fold tlnes 42 and 44, as shall subse-quently be explatned In greater detall, may represent llnes or reglons spectally conftgured for ease of foldlng, or may In fact only t5 represent the llnes about whtch foldTng wtll subsequently be accompltshed wlthout speclal preparatlon of tne fold reglon for that purpose). Slmllar fold llnes 46,48 and 50 separate the lower portlons 38 from the Intermedlate reglon 36, wlth fold llnes 52, 54 and 56 separatlng panels 58, 60 and 62 from the adjacent panels 64, 66 and 68 respectlvely. It wlll be noted that panels 58, 60 and 62 are separated along thelr top edge from the tntermedlate reglon 36 by small rectangular cut outs, wtth panels 58 and 60 belng separated from the adJacent panels 66 and 68 respectlvely by approprlate cuts 70 and 72 respecttvely.
Whlle panels 58, 60, 62, 66 and 68 share a common lower edge 37, panels 58, 60 and 62 are sllghtly wlder than panels 64, 66 and 68, respectlvely, and as Is somewhat exaggerated tn Ftgure 2, the upper edges of panels 58, 60 and 62 are dlsposed sllghtly above the llne deflned by the fold llnes 46, 48 and 50, wlth small sltts 74J 76 and 78 extendlng along the small portlon of the llnes deflned by fold llnes 52, 54 and 56J respectlvely, above the llne deflned by the fold llnes 46, 48 and 50.
Flnally, In the preferred embodlment strlps of asphalt adheslve are applled to the shlngle blank of Flgure 2 In reglons 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 94, 96 and 98. Also, as shall subsequently be seen, preferabty asphalt adheslve Is also applled to the undersurface of the blank In the reglons dlrectly under reglons 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, and 98, and also In correspondlng reglons adjacent the top of the panels In the lower portlon 38, speclflcally .
' in regions just below the llne deflned by fold llnes 46, 48 and 50. These adhestve regions will subsequently be visible and speclflcally Identified in the subsequent flgures Illustratlng the foldtng of the blank of Figure 2.
Now referrlng to Flgure 3, the inltial steps in the foldlng of the shingle blank of Figure 2 may be seen. In partlcular, as tllustrated In thls figure, panel 68 together wlth the adJacent integral panel 70 has been folded upward along fold llne 50 to lle flat agalnst the upper-face of intermediate panel 36. As wlll be appreciated, thls type of fold Is the more dlfflcult type of fold for such materlals, as the layer of asphalt and granules on the top surface of the materlal tends to accumulate In the fold regicn so as to put the underlylng felt layer In tenslon. If such a fold is attempted with cold materlal, breaklng of a felt layer may occur. However, if folded whlle the mat-erlal Is stlll warm, such folds may readlly be accompllshed wlthout detrIment to the materlal. In the alternatlve or In addltion, the granules In at least a portlon of the asphalt layer may be scraped or otherwlse removed along the fold llne to further accommo-date foldlng, to deflne the fold llne to assure foldlng occurs along the proper llne, and/or to accommodate foldlng of cooler material. Also shown In Ftgure 3 Is the partlal foldlng of panels 66 and 60 about fold llne 48, wlth Flgure 4 Illustratlng completlon of the folds shown partially in Flgure 3. Also illustrated In these flgures Is a partlal foldlng about llnes 42 and 44. Also, as previously mentloned, the asphalt adhesive strlps 100 Inlttally app-llsd to the lower surface of the blank of Flgure 2 are now vlslble, In Flgure 3, and more partlcularly Flgure 4. Of course, In the fold Illustrated in Figure 3 the adhesive reglon 86 (see Flgure 2) Is brought Into tlght faclal contact wlth the upper face of panel 68 so as to secure the panel thereto adJacent the fold.
Now referrlng to Flgure 5J another of the folds Is Illustrated, In partlcular panel 62 Is belng folded about fold llne 56 so as to ultlmately lle flat agalnst the back face of panel 68. As shown In Flgure 6, In thls foldlng the back faces of the blank of Flgure 2 are brought Into face to face abutment, w1th the cooperatlvely dlsposed adheslve reglons securlng the folded assembly. Wlth the folds shown in Flgure 5 flnally belng completed, the flnlshed shlngle appears as shown In Flgures I and 6, the thlcker ~;31~34 region 24 (Flgure 1) havlng a top surface deflned by the top granuled layer of panels 62, wlth the thlnner regions 26 therebetween belng defined by the granuled surface of the Intermedlate reglon 36 of the blank shown In F7gure 2.
An end vlew of the completed shingle may be seen in Flgure 7. Under the upper panel 28 is a layer of asphalt adheslve 102 normally covered wlth cellophane or some other sultable coverlng 104 for protectlon durlng shtpment. RegTon 40 essentially provldes a "Z" fold to allow the upper panel 28 to ha~e any reasonable varlatlon In elevatlon (on Installatlon) wlth respect to the Intermedlate panel 36. Of course, with the end vlew shown, a~so vlslble Is the edge of panel 64 and the edge of panel 58 thereabove.
Along the lower edge of the Intermediate reglon 36 preferably Is another layer of asphalt adheslve 106 again, protected durlng shlpment by a sultable, peelable protectlve layer 108.
It wlll be noted that Figures 3 through 6 perhaps Imply a speclflc foldlng order, though clearly the foldlng order need not be as Implled by these flgures. In particular the InitTal downward folding of panels 58, 60, and 62 would perhaps be more convenlent, whether or not the 180 degree fold was accompl1shed prlor to the Inltlation of the folds about fold llnes 46, 48 and 50. Also, If deslred, asphalt adheslve may be placed In sultable strlps Just below fold llne 44 on the top surface of Intermedlate reglon 36 In reglons 110 so that both ends of the thlckened sectlons 20, 22 and 24 (Flgure 1) Immediately become permanently bonded to reslst shlftlng durlng shlpment.
It was prevlously noted that the upper edge of panels 58, 60 and 62 ~see Flgure 2) was sllghtly above the llne deflned by fold llnes 46, 48 and 50 so that the lower edge 112 of the flnlshed shlngle extends sllghtly below the fold thereunder so as to create a shadow effect and generally hlde tha fold.
Similarly, as prevlously mentloned, panels 58, 60 and 62 are stlghtly wlder than the adJacent panels 64, 66 and 68 so that a sllght shadow effect Is also created along the edges of the thlckened reglons 20, 22 and 24 of the finlshed shlngle.
Now referrlng to Flgures 8 and 9 the general appllca-tfon of the shlngles of the prssent inventlon to a pre-exlstlng wood shake roof may be seen. It should be noted that Flgure 8 partlcularly Is exemplary only as It Illustrates a portlon of ~3~l84 a first course of shlngles and a lesser portlon of a second course.
Further, the left edge of the roof of Figure 8 Is not In fact a fInlshed edge but rather represents a roof sectlon, the finlshing of a gable end eaves belng subsequently descrlbed with respect to Flgures 10 through 13. Since the roofing proceeds normally from right to left on a course by course basls, shingle 120 of Flgure 8 would be placed in posltlon and nalled In reglons 122 prlor to the dlsposltlon of shlngle 122 thereover and the fastenlng of that shlngle with appropriate nalls. Note that reglon 20 of shlngle 122 overlles the right-hand portlon of adjacent shlngle 120 to provlde a hlgh Integrlty water barrler In that area. As the second course proceeds, shTngles are placed In posltlon from rlght to left on the second course, wlth the lower portlon of the shlnglesJ such as shingles 124 and 126, overlylng the upper panel 28 of the lower shlngles. The net effect Is to create a relatively random pattern resembllng shake as a result of the alternate thlck and thln reglons, wlth the lower edge of each shlngle provlding a substantlal shadow reglon thereunder because of the thlcknesses created by the foldlng. In that regard the extent of shlngle overhang shown In Flgures 8 and 9 Is somewhat exagerated for clarlty, though the extent of the overhang may be adJusted as is deslred for the best vlsual and physlcal characterlstlcs. In that regard too, the posltlon of each course with respect to the next lower course Is not crltlcal and may be adjusted somewhat In a vertlcal dlrectlon dependlng upon the exact posltlon of the shake to be covered, and randomly set horlzontally to avold any apparent repetltive pattern. Further, It should be noted In Flgure 2 that panels 58, 60 and 62 may each be of somewhat different slze to add to the varlatlon and randomness In appearance.
Also, If deslred, the fold lines 46, 48 and 50 (see Flgure 2) need not be co-llnear or the upper portlons of the cutouts Immedlately thereabove be of equal slze, so that after foldlng to form the completed tlle the lower edges of the varlous thlckened reglons are staggered as Is the lower edge of Intermedlate reglon 36 therebetween. Such staggerlng, however, has not been found requlred to achleve a hlghly decoratlve and attractive roof, though of course, thls Is always a posslblllty If desired.
Now referrlng to Flgures 10 through 13 the accessorles for flnishing the eaves and gable and of the roof may be seen.
~ ~31~34 On the eaves, finlshing members generally Indlcated by the numeral 130 are nailed across the lower edge of the roof prlor to the placement of the first course thereover. These members are characterized by an upper panel section 132 through which re-talnlng nalls 134 are drlven, and a lower sect70n characterlzedby a faclng panel 136 and a back panel 138 formed integral there-with by a fold aiong the lower edge of the Installed unit.
Preferably the accessory for fInlshlng the eaves Is shipped wlth the fold along lines 140 and wlth asphalt adhesive between the faclng surfaces of panels 136 and 138 for permanently securing the two panels together. In thls manner, the facing panel 136 Is relnforced by the back panel 138 and appearance of the entire unlt is enhanced when vlewed from under the eaves. The eave flnishing accessory hldes the lower edge of the shake belng covered, whlch otherwlse would provlde an unat~ractive contrast between the butt end of the lower course of shake and the asphalt composltlon tlle covering the roof.
Along the gable edse of the roof a unlt slmllar to the eave finlshing accessory Is used, though of somewhat dlfferent proportlon. In partlcular, thls unlt Is characterlzed by a first panel 142 which essentlally overlies the edge of one course of shake, wlth an integral downward projectlng panel 144 and an Integral folded back panel 146 adheslvely secured thereto In much the same manner as the back panel 138 of the eave flnlshing accessory. Preferably the panel 144 Is tapered to approxTmate the sawtooth slope of the shake courses so that the lower ~dge 148 of the gable ~Inlshing members is approxImately straight ~perfect stralghtness of thls lower edge Is not requlred, as some Irregularlty wlll also add to the character of the flnlshed roof).
The gable finlshlng members are generally lald lower course flrst on a course by course basis, and may be overlapped as requlred to account for sllght variatlons In the course to course spaclng of the shakes themselves. For packaglng convenlence and to positlvely define all fold llnes, preferably both accessorles are shipped In the fully folded condttlon as shown In Flgures 10 (a) and 10 (b), to be partlally unfolded on Installatlon.
Obviously some provision must also be made for sultable coverage of valleys, though this may be readily done by Li shaped members or right angle members havlng a length sllghtly greater ~31~34 g than the shake, whlch members are laTd in the valleys on a course by course basis prlor to the laylng of the tlle of the present Inventlon. Flnally~ the ridge cover of U.S. Patent No. 3,913,294 may be used for ridge finlshTng In a manner compllmentary to the general appearance of the entire roof created by the tlle of the present Invention.
Now referrlng to Flgures 14 through 19, another embodiment of the present Invention may be seen. Thts e~bodiment Is particu-larly suited for new rooflng and for re-rooflng appllcatlons other than re-rooflng over shake. As may be seen In Figure 14, the shlngle blank Is slmllar to that of Flgure 2, though certaln speclflc changes have been made thereln to better accommodate rooflng over flatter surfaces l.e., surfaces whlch are flatter than exlstlng shake rooflng. The upper portion 128 of the blank Is slmtlar to the upper portlon 28 of the earller embodlment, and Is provided wlth a layer of asphalt adheslve 130 on the upper back surface thereof. Thls upper panel 128 is separated from the intermediate sectlon 132 by a palr of fold lines 134 and 136 deflning a reglon 138 therebetween for formlng a "Z" fold between panels 128 and 132. Fold llne 134 may be slmply an Imaginary llne wtth no speclal provlslons belng made for the foldlng as shown In Flgure 15. Fold llne 136 however, preferably Is located wlthln a regTon deflned by llnes 140 and 142 between whlch the granules and most of the asphalt layer have been scraped away. Whlle the scraplng accommodates the foldlng, It Is also done to provlde a taperlng In the folded thlckness, as shall subsequently be seen.
The lower portlon 144 of the blank Is made up of panels 146, 148, 150, 152, 154 and 156 slmllar In constructlon and functlon to panels 58, 60, 62, 64, 66 and 68 In the blank of Flgure 2. However, It wlll be noted that panels 152, 154 and 156 all have co-linear lower edge, whlch lower edge is substantlally above the lower edge of panels 146, 148 and 150. When the panels are folded as shown In Flgure 15, the lower edge 158 of panels 152, 154 and 156 only reaches part way up the Intermedlate portlon 132, so that when the folding Is complete (see Flgure 16) the lower edge 158 falls Tn positlon below the fold llne 134.
Thus, each of the panels 146, 148 and 150 are comprlsed of a lower portion 160 of three thlcknesses of asphalt composltlon rooflng materlal and an upper portlon 162 of only two thlcknesses 4~
~;31~34 of materlal. In the region 164, except adjacent the left edge ftnlshed panel there are four thlcknesses of the asphalt oompositlon rooflng material, speclflcalIy, the two thtcknesses of materlal Immedlately adjacent the fold llne 134, the th1ck-ness of panels 146, 148 and 150 and the thlckness of the Inter-medlate panel 132 therebelow. Slightly above reglon 164 closer to fold llne 136, there are only three thicknesses of materlal as the edge of panels 146, 148 and 150 do not extend upward that far, and stlll closer to fold llne 136 there are three th1cknesses of materlal two of whtch have had the granules and part of the asphalt layer scraped away.
As before, approprlate placement of asphalt adhesive assures that the tlle of the present inventlon wlll be secured durlng shlpplng and wlll not be disturbed by winds or other environmental effects on Installation. In that regard, the tiles of the present invention may be readily stacked for shipplng as shown in Figure 17, wlth the exposed adheslve layers belng protectod by sultable strlps of cell~phane 170. On Installation, the varlous panels 172 are Installed in the same manner as the prevlous embodlment, wlth the thlckened reglons provldlng a very strong three-dlmenslonal effect slmulatlng shake, as may be seen In Flgures 18 and 19. Of course, on Installatlon the same accessorles may be used as hereinbefore descrlbed.
There has been dlsclosed and descrlbed hereln two embodtments of a new and unique shlngle whlch utlllzes llght-weight and relatlvely Inexpensive asphalt compositlon rooflng materlal to achleve a roofing product havlng a hlghly pronounced three-dlmenslonal characteristlc slmulating the general appearance of shake rooflng. From the dlsclosure hereln glven It wlll be obvlous that varlous other changes may be made In the Inventton to create even a greater random appearance. i3y way of example, the fold llnes 180, 182 and 184 ~see F1gure 14) mlght be located at sllghtly dlfferent elevatlons so that the lower edges of the shingle deflned by fold llnes 180, 182 and 184 ~see Flgure 16) would be staggered. Obvlously, the depth of the cut-out 186, 188 and 190 could also be staggered so that the lower edge of Intermedlate panel 132 Is staggered between panels 146, 148 and 150 In the flnlshed shlngle. Whlle the extent of such staggering whlch could be used and still provlde the approprlate overlaps ~;3~84 -I 1~
may be limlted9 a deslrable effect could still be achieved thereby.
Further, even the lower edge 158 of panels 152, 154 and 156 could be staggered so that any tendency of the lower edge 158 to prlnt through the panels In the fInlshed roof would stlll appear to create a random pattern. These variatlons, of course, are ~erely exemplary of the type of varlations whlch may be used to stlll achleve the desired effect of the present Inventlon without devlatlng from the splrlt and scope thereof.
.
Shlngles of a slmllar character however, have heretofore not been known, except for the general type of shlngle or slngle-llke rooflng exempllfled by the foregolng prlor art. In recent years, to enhance the appearance of asphalt composltlon shingles, varlous technlques have been used, includlng the use of varylng thlcknesses of the asphalt layer over the base materlal to provlde varlatlon in the shlngle thlcknesses, and use of a dlfferent color granule on the lower portlon of the shlngle to provlde a shadlng ~ .
5;31~34 effect to provide the illusion of a deeper three-dTmensional roof.
IEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The dlsclosed asphalt composltlon shingles for new roofing and reroofing provtde a three-dtmensional appearance not unltke shake but wtth the characterlsttc lower cost and fire retardlng characterlstics of asphalt composltton materlals.
The shingles may be cut from a standard roll of asphalt composi-tlon materlal, and are then folded to provtde reglons of dlfferlng thlcknesses because of the dlfferlng number of thlcknesses of the materlal In the various regions. The shingle destgn allows reroofing over exlstlng shake roofs without requlrlng the strTpplng of the old roof. Varlous embodtments are dlsclosed.
In accordance wlth one broad aspect, the Inventlon Is dlrected to a shlngle comprlslng a unltary sheet of asphalt composltlon rooflng material whlch includes a substrate of asphalt saturated felt and a layer of granules on the top surface thereof bonded to the saturated felt by a layer of asphalt, the unltary sheet having an upper reglon, an Intermedlate region and a lower reglon, a flrst portlon of the lower reglon betng folded upward about ZO a flrst fold llne between the Intermedlate reglon and the lower reglon to lle flat against the top surface of the intermediate reglon, the remalnlng portlon of the lower reglon belng folded about at least one fold llne approxlmately perpendlcular to the flrst fold llne to overlle, top surface up, the flrst portlon of the lower region whlch In turn overlles a portlon of the Inter-medlate reglon.
~R! EF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Flgure I is a perspective vlew of a shlngle In accordance to the present Inventlon.
Flgure 2 Is a plan view of a shlngle blank from whlch the shlngle of Flgure I Is made.
Flgures 3 through 6 Illustrate the foldlng of the shlngle of Flgure 1.
Flgure 7 Is an end vlew of the sh1ngle of Flgures I and 6.
Figures 8 and ~ illustrate the appllcatlon of the shlngle of Flgure I to re-rooflng of shake roofs.
Flgures 10 through 13 illustrate the accessorles for flnlshlng the gable end and eaves of a roof.
;31~34 Flgure 14 Is a plan form for a shlngle blank for making an alternate embodlment of the present Invention.
Flgure 15 illustrates the foldlng of the embodtment of Figure 14.
Flgure 16 Is a perspectlve vlew partlally cut away of the embodlment of Flgures 14 and 15.
Flgure 17 Is an end vlew of shlngles Illustratlng the stacklng thereof.
Flgure 18 and 19 Illustrate the vlsual appearance of the Installed shlngles of thls aiternate embodlment.
DETAILED i~ESCRlPTlON OF THE INVENTION
Flrst referrlng to Flgure 1, a perspectlve vlew of one shlngle In accordance wlth the present invention may be seen.
Thls shlngle, formed from a un1tary sheet of asphalt composltlon rooflng materlal, Is characterlzed by reglons 209 22 and 24 of three thlckness of materlal, wlth reglons 26 therebetween of a slngle material thlckness. For enhanced vlsual appearance, reglons 20, 22 and 24 extend lower than reglons 26 to glve a saw-toothed characterstic to the lower edge of the shtngle.
A second course underlayer Is provided by upper panel 2~ coupled to the lower course through a "Z" fold In reglon 30. Preferably, nall holes 32 are provlded along the lower edge of panel 28 through whlch the shlngles are nailed In place, as shall be subsequently descrlbed In greater detall.
The shlngle of Flgure I ts fabrlcated from a shlngle sheet of conventlonal asphalt composltlon matertal, preferably nlnty pound materlal, though other wetghts may be used as deslred.
Slnce the Invention Involves the foldlng of the asphalt composl-tlon rooflng materlal, the preferred method of fabrlcatlon contemplates automated cuttlng and foldlng equipment dlrectly in line wlth the asphalt composltlon rooflng productlon equipment, so that cuttlng and foldlng of the materlal as requlred may re~dlly be accomplIshed whlle the materlal stlll remalns qulte warm. Alternatively of course, standard rolls of the materlal may be preheated before processlng so as to more readlly facllltate foldlng. In any event, a shlngle blank In accordance wlth the outllne of Flgure 2 Is flrst cut from the standard roll. In thls regard the dlstance from the top edge 34 of panel 28 to the lower edge 37 of the shlngle blank may ~i3184 conveniently be equal to the wldth of a standard roll so that waste material is minimtzed.
The blank shown in Flgure 2 is shown In a face up posltTon, I.e. as tt would be vlewed from the granule coated slde. It Is also conflgured for Installatlon from left to rt~ht golng up the roof tn accordance wlth conventlonal roofing practlce.
The blank has three basic reglons, each Inter-cooperatlng to provide the deslred end result In the flnlshed tile. Aslde from ths upper reglon 28, there Is an Intermedlate reglon 36 and a lower reglon generally Indtcated by the numeral 38. The upper regton 28, Is Integrally coupled to the Intermedlate regton 36 through a sectlon 40 by fotd llnes 42 and 44 ~fold tlnes 42 and 44, as shall subse-quently be explatned In greater detall, may represent llnes or reglons spectally conftgured for ease of foldlng, or may In fact only t5 represent the llnes about whtch foldTng wtll subsequently be accompltshed wlthout speclal preparatlon of tne fold reglon for that purpose). Slmllar fold llnes 46,48 and 50 separate the lower portlons 38 from the Intermedlate reglon 36, wlth fold llnes 52, 54 and 56 separatlng panels 58, 60 and 62 from the adjacent panels 64, 66 and 68 respectlvely. It wlll be noted that panels 58, 60 and 62 are separated along thelr top edge from the tntermedlate reglon 36 by small rectangular cut outs, wtth panels 58 and 60 belng separated from the adJacent panels 66 and 68 respectlvely by approprlate cuts 70 and 72 respecttvely.
Whlle panels 58, 60, 62, 66 and 68 share a common lower edge 37, panels 58, 60 and 62 are sllghtly wlder than panels 64, 66 and 68, respectlvely, and as Is somewhat exaggerated tn Ftgure 2, the upper edges of panels 58, 60 and 62 are dlsposed sllghtly above the llne deflned by the fold llnes 46, 48 and 50, wlth small sltts 74J 76 and 78 extendlng along the small portlon of the llnes deflned by fold llnes 52, 54 and 56J respectlvely, above the llne deflned by the fold llnes 46, 48 and 50.
Flnally, In the preferred embodlment strlps of asphalt adheslve are applled to the shlngle blank of Flgure 2 In reglons 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 94, 96 and 98. Also, as shall subsequently be seen, preferabty asphalt adheslve Is also applled to the undersurface of the blank In the reglons dlrectly under reglons 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, and 98, and also In correspondlng reglons adjacent the top of the panels In the lower portlon 38, speclflcally .
' in regions just below the llne deflned by fold llnes 46, 48 and 50. These adhestve regions will subsequently be visible and speclflcally Identified in the subsequent flgures Illustratlng the foldtng of the blank of Figure 2.
Now referrlng to Flgure 3, the inltial steps in the foldlng of the shingle blank of Figure 2 may be seen. In partlcular, as tllustrated In thls figure, panel 68 together wlth the adJacent integral panel 70 has been folded upward along fold llne 50 to lle flat agalnst the upper-face of intermediate panel 36. As wlll be appreciated, thls type of fold Is the more dlfflcult type of fold for such materlals, as the layer of asphalt and granules on the top surface of the materlal tends to accumulate In the fold regicn so as to put the underlylng felt layer In tenslon. If such a fold is attempted with cold materlal, breaklng of a felt layer may occur. However, if folded whlle the mat-erlal Is stlll warm, such folds may readlly be accompllshed wlthout detrIment to the materlal. In the alternatlve or In addltion, the granules In at least a portlon of the asphalt layer may be scraped or otherwlse removed along the fold llne to further accommo-date foldlng, to deflne the fold llne to assure foldlng occurs along the proper llne, and/or to accommodate foldlng of cooler material. Also shown In Ftgure 3 Is the partlal foldlng of panels 66 and 60 about fold llne 48, wlth Flgure 4 Illustratlng completlon of the folds shown partially in Flgure 3. Also illustrated In these flgures Is a partlal foldlng about llnes 42 and 44. Also, as previously mentloned, the asphalt adhesive strlps 100 Inlttally app-llsd to the lower surface of the blank of Flgure 2 are now vlslble, In Flgure 3, and more partlcularly Flgure 4. Of course, In the fold Illustrated in Figure 3 the adhesive reglon 86 (see Flgure 2) Is brought Into tlght faclal contact wlth the upper face of panel 68 so as to secure the panel thereto adJacent the fold.
Now referrlng to Flgure 5J another of the folds Is Illustrated, In partlcular panel 62 Is belng folded about fold llne 56 so as to ultlmately lle flat agalnst the back face of panel 68. As shown In Flgure 6, In thls foldlng the back faces of the blank of Flgure 2 are brought Into face to face abutment, w1th the cooperatlvely dlsposed adheslve reglons securlng the folded assembly. Wlth the folds shown in Flgure 5 flnally belng completed, the flnlshed shlngle appears as shown In Flgures I and 6, the thlcker ~;31~34 region 24 (Flgure 1) havlng a top surface deflned by the top granuled layer of panels 62, wlth the thlnner regions 26 therebetween belng defined by the granuled surface of the Intermedlate reglon 36 of the blank shown In F7gure 2.
An end vlew of the completed shingle may be seen in Flgure 7. Under the upper panel 28 is a layer of asphalt adheslve 102 normally covered wlth cellophane or some other sultable coverlng 104 for protectlon durlng shtpment. RegTon 40 essentially provldes a "Z" fold to allow the upper panel 28 to ha~e any reasonable varlatlon In elevatlon (on Installatlon) wlth respect to the Intermedlate panel 36. Of course, with the end vlew shown, a~so vlslble Is the edge of panel 64 and the edge of panel 58 thereabove.
Along the lower edge of the Intermediate reglon 36 preferably Is another layer of asphalt adheslve 106 again, protected durlng shlpment by a sultable, peelable protectlve layer 108.
It wlll be noted that Figures 3 through 6 perhaps Imply a speclflc foldlng order, though clearly the foldlng order need not be as Implled by these flgures. In particular the InitTal downward folding of panels 58, 60, and 62 would perhaps be more convenlent, whether or not the 180 degree fold was accompl1shed prlor to the Inltlation of the folds about fold llnes 46, 48 and 50. Also, If deslred, asphalt adheslve may be placed In sultable strlps Just below fold llne 44 on the top surface of Intermedlate reglon 36 In reglons 110 so that both ends of the thlckened sectlons 20, 22 and 24 (Flgure 1) Immediately become permanently bonded to reslst shlftlng durlng shlpment.
It was prevlously noted that the upper edge of panels 58, 60 and 62 ~see Flgure 2) was sllghtly above the llne deflned by fold llnes 46, 48 and 50 so that the lower edge 112 of the flnlshed shlngle extends sllghtly below the fold thereunder so as to create a shadow effect and generally hlde tha fold.
Similarly, as prevlously mentloned, panels 58, 60 and 62 are stlghtly wlder than the adJacent panels 64, 66 and 68 so that a sllght shadow effect Is also created along the edges of the thlckened reglons 20, 22 and 24 of the finlshed shlngle.
Now referrlng to Flgures 8 and 9 the general appllca-tfon of the shlngles of the prssent inventlon to a pre-exlstlng wood shake roof may be seen. It should be noted that Flgure 8 partlcularly Is exemplary only as It Illustrates a portlon of ~3~l84 a first course of shlngles and a lesser portlon of a second course.
Further, the left edge of the roof of Figure 8 Is not In fact a fInlshed edge but rather represents a roof sectlon, the finlshing of a gable end eaves belng subsequently descrlbed with respect to Flgures 10 through 13. Since the roofing proceeds normally from right to left on a course by course basls, shingle 120 of Flgure 8 would be placed in posltlon and nalled In reglons 122 prlor to the dlsposltlon of shlngle 122 thereover and the fastenlng of that shlngle with appropriate nalls. Note that reglon 20 of shlngle 122 overlles the right-hand portlon of adjacent shlngle 120 to provlde a hlgh Integrlty water barrler In that area. As the second course proceeds, shTngles are placed In posltlon from rlght to left on the second course, wlth the lower portlon of the shlnglesJ such as shingles 124 and 126, overlylng the upper panel 28 of the lower shlngles. The net effect Is to create a relatively random pattern resembllng shake as a result of the alternate thlck and thln reglons, wlth the lower edge of each shlngle provlding a substantlal shadow reglon thereunder because of the thlcknesses created by the foldlng. In that regard the extent of shlngle overhang shown In Flgures 8 and 9 Is somewhat exagerated for clarlty, though the extent of the overhang may be adJusted as is deslred for the best vlsual and physlcal characterlstlcs. In that regard too, the posltlon of each course with respect to the next lower course Is not crltlcal and may be adjusted somewhat In a vertlcal dlrectlon dependlng upon the exact posltlon of the shake to be covered, and randomly set horlzontally to avold any apparent repetltive pattern. Further, It should be noted In Flgure 2 that panels 58, 60 and 62 may each be of somewhat different slze to add to the varlatlon and randomness In appearance.
Also, If deslred, the fold lines 46, 48 and 50 (see Flgure 2) need not be co-llnear or the upper portlons of the cutouts Immedlately thereabove be of equal slze, so that after foldlng to form the completed tlle the lower edges of the varlous thlckened reglons are staggered as Is the lower edge of Intermedlate reglon 36 therebetween. Such staggerlng, however, has not been found requlred to achleve a hlghly decoratlve and attractive roof, though of course, thls Is always a posslblllty If desired.
Now referrlng to Flgures 10 through 13 the accessorles for flnishing the eaves and gable and of the roof may be seen.
~ ~31~34 On the eaves, finlshing members generally Indlcated by the numeral 130 are nailed across the lower edge of the roof prlor to the placement of the first course thereover. These members are characterized by an upper panel section 132 through which re-talnlng nalls 134 are drlven, and a lower sect70n characterlzedby a faclng panel 136 and a back panel 138 formed integral there-with by a fold aiong the lower edge of the Installed unit.
Preferably the accessory for fInlshlng the eaves Is shipped wlth the fold along lines 140 and wlth asphalt adhesive between the faclng surfaces of panels 136 and 138 for permanently securing the two panels together. In thls manner, the facing panel 136 Is relnforced by the back panel 138 and appearance of the entire unlt is enhanced when vlewed from under the eaves. The eave flnishing accessory hldes the lower edge of the shake belng covered, whlch otherwlse would provlde an unat~ractive contrast between the butt end of the lower course of shake and the asphalt composltlon tlle covering the roof.
Along the gable edse of the roof a unlt slmllar to the eave finlshing accessory Is used, though of somewhat dlfferent proportlon. In partlcular, thls unlt Is characterlzed by a first panel 142 which essentlally overlies the edge of one course of shake, wlth an integral downward projectlng panel 144 and an Integral folded back panel 146 adheslvely secured thereto In much the same manner as the back panel 138 of the eave flnlshing accessory. Preferably the panel 144 Is tapered to approxTmate the sawtooth slope of the shake courses so that the lower ~dge 148 of the gable ~Inlshing members is approxImately straight ~perfect stralghtness of thls lower edge Is not requlred, as some Irregularlty wlll also add to the character of the flnlshed roof).
The gable finlshlng members are generally lald lower course flrst on a course by course basis, and may be overlapped as requlred to account for sllght variatlons In the course to course spaclng of the shakes themselves. For packaglng convenlence and to positlvely define all fold llnes, preferably both accessorles are shipped In the fully folded condttlon as shown In Flgures 10 (a) and 10 (b), to be partlally unfolded on Installatlon.
Obviously some provision must also be made for sultable coverage of valleys, though this may be readily done by Li shaped members or right angle members havlng a length sllghtly greater ~31~34 g than the shake, whlch members are laTd in the valleys on a course by course basis prlor to the laylng of the tlle of the present Inventlon. Flnally~ the ridge cover of U.S. Patent No. 3,913,294 may be used for ridge finlshTng In a manner compllmentary to the general appearance of the entire roof created by the tlle of the present Invention.
Now referrlng to Flgures 14 through 19, another embodiment of the present Invention may be seen. Thts e~bodiment Is particu-larly suited for new rooflng and for re-rooflng appllcatlons other than re-rooflng over shake. As may be seen In Figure 14, the shlngle blank Is slmllar to that of Flgure 2, though certaln speclflc changes have been made thereln to better accommodate rooflng over flatter surfaces l.e., surfaces whlch are flatter than exlstlng shake rooflng. The upper portion 128 of the blank Is slmtlar to the upper portlon 28 of the earller embodlment, and Is provided wlth a layer of asphalt adheslve 130 on the upper back surface thereof. Thls upper panel 128 is separated from the intermediate sectlon 132 by a palr of fold lines 134 and 136 deflning a reglon 138 therebetween for formlng a "Z" fold between panels 128 and 132. Fold llne 134 may be slmply an Imaginary llne wtth no speclal provlslons belng made for the foldlng as shown In Flgure 15. Fold llne 136 however, preferably Is located wlthln a regTon deflned by llnes 140 and 142 between whlch the granules and most of the asphalt layer have been scraped away. Whlle the scraplng accommodates the foldlng, It Is also done to provlde a taperlng In the folded thlckness, as shall subsequently be seen.
The lower portlon 144 of the blank Is made up of panels 146, 148, 150, 152, 154 and 156 slmllar In constructlon and functlon to panels 58, 60, 62, 64, 66 and 68 In the blank of Flgure 2. However, It wlll be noted that panels 152, 154 and 156 all have co-linear lower edge, whlch lower edge is substantlally above the lower edge of panels 146, 148 and 150. When the panels are folded as shown In Flgure 15, the lower edge 158 of panels 152, 154 and 156 only reaches part way up the Intermedlate portlon 132, so that when the folding Is complete (see Flgure 16) the lower edge 158 falls Tn positlon below the fold llne 134.
Thus, each of the panels 146, 148 and 150 are comprlsed of a lower portion 160 of three thlcknesses of asphalt composltlon rooflng materlal and an upper portlon 162 of only two thlcknesses 4~
~;31~34 of materlal. In the region 164, except adjacent the left edge ftnlshed panel there are four thlcknesses of the asphalt oompositlon rooflng material, speclflcalIy, the two thtcknesses of materlal Immedlately adjacent the fold llne 134, the th1ck-ness of panels 146, 148 and 150 and the thlckness of the Inter-medlate panel 132 therebelow. Slightly above reglon 164 closer to fold llne 136, there are only three thicknesses of materlal as the edge of panels 146, 148 and 150 do not extend upward that far, and stlll closer to fold llne 136 there are three th1cknesses of materlal two of whtch have had the granules and part of the asphalt layer scraped away.
As before, approprlate placement of asphalt adhesive assures that the tlle of the present inventlon wlll be secured durlng shlpplng and wlll not be disturbed by winds or other environmental effects on Installation. In that regard, the tiles of the present invention may be readily stacked for shipplng as shown in Figure 17, wlth the exposed adheslve layers belng protectod by sultable strlps of cell~phane 170. On Installation, the varlous panels 172 are Installed in the same manner as the prevlous embodlment, wlth the thlckened reglons provldlng a very strong three-dlmenslonal effect slmulatlng shake, as may be seen In Flgures 18 and 19. Of course, on Installatlon the same accessorles may be used as hereinbefore descrlbed.
There has been dlsclosed and descrlbed hereln two embodtments of a new and unique shlngle whlch utlllzes llght-weight and relatlvely Inexpensive asphalt compositlon rooflng materlal to achleve a roofing product havlng a hlghly pronounced three-dlmenslonal characteristlc slmulating the general appearance of shake rooflng. From the dlsclosure hereln glven It wlll be obvlous that varlous other changes may be made In the Inventton to create even a greater random appearance. i3y way of example, the fold llnes 180, 182 and 184 ~see F1gure 14) mlght be located at sllghtly dlfferent elevatlons so that the lower edges of the shingle deflned by fold llnes 180, 182 and 184 ~see Flgure 16) would be staggered. Obvlously, the depth of the cut-out 186, 188 and 190 could also be staggered so that the lower edge of Intermedlate panel 132 Is staggered between panels 146, 148 and 150 In the flnlshed shlngle. Whlle the extent of such staggering whlch could be used and still provlde the approprlate overlaps ~;3~84 -I 1~
may be limlted9 a deslrable effect could still be achieved thereby.
Further, even the lower edge 158 of panels 152, 154 and 156 could be staggered so that any tendency of the lower edge 158 to prlnt through the panels In the fInlshed roof would stlll appear to create a random pattern. These variatlons, of course, are ~erely exemplary of the type of varlations whlch may be used to stlll achleve the desired effect of the present Inventlon without devlatlng from the splrlt and scope thereof.
.
Claims (13)
1. A shingle comprising a unitary sheet of asphalt composition roofing material characterized by a substrate of asphalt saturated felt and a layer of granules on the top surface bonded to the saturated felt by a layer of asphalt, said unitary sheet having an upper region, an intermediate region and a lower region, a first portion of said lower region being folded upward about a first fold line between said intermediate region and said lower region to lie flat against the top surface of said intermediate region, a second portion of said lower region being folded about at least one fold line to overlie top surface up, said first portion of said lower region which in turn overlies a portion of said intermediate region.
2. The shingle as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said second portion of said lower region is slightly larger than the first portion of said lower region so that at least some of the edges of said first portion of said lower region are hidden by the remaining portion of said lower region folded thereover.
3. The shingle as claimed in Claim 1 wherein at least some of the adjacent surfaces of the folded unitary sheet are secured to each other by asphalt adhesive.
4. The shingle as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said first portion of said lower region comprises a plurality of first panels each integrally coupled along the fop edge thereof to the adjacent lower portion of said intermediate region along a fold line and said second portion of said lower region comprises an equal plurality of second panels each separated from said intermediate region and integral with a respective one of said first panels, each of said first panels being folded upward about said fold line between said intermediate region and said lower region to lie flat against respective areas of the top surface of said intermediate region, said second panels each being folded about a fold line approximately perpendicular to said first fold line to overlie, top surface up, a respective said first panel.
5. The shingle as claimed in Claim 4 further comprised of a "Z" shaped fold between said intermediate region and said upper region the top of said "Z" shaped fold overlying the adjacent edge of said second panels.
6. The shingle as claimed in Claim 5 wherein the granules and at least a part of the asphalt layer have been removed in the region of the lower fold in said "Z" shaped fold.
7. The shingles as claimed in Claim 5 wherein each of said second panels is slightly larger than the respective said first panel integral therewith.
8. The shingle as claimed in Claims 4 or 5 wherein said second panels are of different size.
9. The shingle as claimed in Claim 4 wherein a small portion of said intermediate region above said second panels and above said fold lines between said first panels and said intermediate region is cut away whereby the lower edge of the shingle is staggered.
10. The shingles as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the edge of said first panels underlies the said "Z" shaped fold.
11. The shingle as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the edge of said first panels does not underlie said "Z" shaped fold.
12. A method of fabricating a shingle from a unitary sheet of asphalt composition roofing material characterized by a substrate of asphalt saturated felt and a layer of granules on the top surface thereof bonded to the saturated felt by a layer of asphalt comprising the steps of: (a) cutting the unitary sheet so as to have an upper region, an intermediate region and a lower region, said lower region having a number of first panels each integrally coupled along the top edge thereof to the adjacent lower portion of said intermediate region along a fold line, said lower region also having an equal number of second panels each separated from said region region thereabove and integrally coupled along the side to a respective one of said first panels along a fold line; (b) folding each of the first panels upward along said fold line between the respective said first panel and said intermediate region to lie flat against said top surface of said intermediate region; and (c) folding each of said second panels along said fold line between the respective said first and second panels to overlie the respective said first panel.
13. The method as claimed in Claim 12 further comprised of the step of providing a "Z" shaped fold between said inter-mediate region and said upper region, the top of said "Z" shaped fold overlying the adjacent edge of said second panels.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US135,466 | 1971-04-19 | ||
| US06/135,466 US4322928A (en) | 1980-03-31 | 1980-03-31 | Asphalt composition shingles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1153184A true CA1153184A (en) | 1983-09-06 |
Family
ID=22468229
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000374118A Expired CA1153184A (en) | 1980-03-31 | 1981-03-30 | Asphalt composition shingles |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4322928A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1153184A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX151709A (en) |
Families Citing this family (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4404783A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1983-09-20 | Bennie Freiborg | Multi purpose roof piece |
| US4672790A (en) * | 1982-03-10 | 1987-06-16 | Bennie Freiborg | Multi-piece asphalt composition roofing system |
| US4768318A (en) * | 1986-12-11 | 1988-09-06 | Bennie Freiborg | Asphalt composition starter and flashing |
| US5426902A (en) * | 1987-10-20 | 1995-06-27 | Certainteed Corporation | Composite shingle having shading zones in different planes |
| US6195951B1 (en) | 1988-03-28 | 2001-03-06 | Certainteed Corporation | Composite shingle having shading zones in different planes |
| US6305138B1 (en) | 1987-10-20 | 2001-10-23 | Certainteed Corp. | Composite shingle having shading zones in different planes |
| US5319898A (en) * | 1991-01-08 | 1994-06-14 | Bennie Freiborg | Asphalt composition ridge cover |
| US5094042A (en) * | 1991-01-08 | 1992-03-10 | Ben Freborg | Asphalt composition ridge cover and method of forming |
| US5377459A (en) * | 1991-04-09 | 1995-01-03 | Freiborg; Bennie | Ridge cover and shingle and method of making and using the same |
| US5369929A (en) | 1991-09-18 | 1994-12-06 | Elk Corporation Of Dallas | Laminated roofing shingle |
| US5365711A (en) * | 1993-04-28 | 1994-11-22 | Pressutti Joseph E | Low-cost highly aesthetic and durable shingle |
| US5611186A (en) | 1994-02-01 | 1997-03-18 | Elk Corporation Of Dallas | Laminated roofing shingle |
| US5570556A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1996-11-05 | Wagner; Thomas E. | Shingles with connectors |
| USD369421S (en) | 1995-03-17 | 1996-04-30 | Elk Corporation Of Dallas | Random cut laminated shingle |
| USD423122S (en) * | 1996-12-31 | 2000-04-18 | Vail Metal Systems, Llc | Interlocking shingle pattern |
| CA2228639A1 (en) * | 1997-02-04 | 1998-08-04 | Mark Freiborg | Asphalt composition ridge covers with three dimensional effect |
| US6070384A (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 2000-06-06 | Building Materials Corporation Of America | Hip and ridge roofing shingle |
| US6933037B2 (en) | 1997-09-18 | 2005-08-23 | Tamko Roofing Products | Triple laminate roofing shingle |
| US6220329B1 (en) | 1998-03-17 | 2001-04-24 | Tamko Roofin Products | Apparatus for making laminated roofing shingles |
| US8440284B2 (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2013-05-14 | Thomas L. Kelly | Reinforced lap in an inseam mechanically attached roofing membrane, methods for making the same, and method for installing the same |
| US20060213143A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | Mcintyre Dan | Shingles and methods of producing shingles |
| US9212487B2 (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2015-12-15 | Elk Premium Building Products, Inc. | Enhanced single layer roofing material |
| US7833339B2 (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2010-11-16 | Franklin Industrial Minerals | Mineral filler composition |
| US8603629B2 (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2013-12-10 | Mfm Building Products Corporation | Flashing and waterproofing membrane |
| US8613165B2 (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2013-12-24 | Sampco Companies, Inc. | Multi-configuration hip and ridge shingle |
| CA2772882C (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2016-05-03 | Certainteed Corporation | System, method and apparatus for wedge-shaped, multi-layer asphalt roofing |
| US8793955B2 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2014-08-05 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Multi-layered shingle |
| US10487507B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2019-11-26 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Reroofing shingle |
| NL2018970B1 (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2018-12-04 | Innovations 4 Flooring Holding Nv | Multi-purpose tile system |
| US11021876B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2021-06-01 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Shingles with a thick appearance |
| US11649634B1 (en) * | 2022-12-24 | 2023-05-16 | Ronald Carpenter | Hip and ridge liner with shingle retaining tabs or clips |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1848965A (en) * | 1932-03-08 | Rooe covering | ||
| US420707A (en) * | 1890-02-04 | Ridge and hip covering for roofs | ||
| US2253753A (en) * | 1941-08-26 | Building covering | ||
| US1435623A (en) * | 1920-08-30 | 1922-11-14 | Ira C Saxe | Roofing construction |
| US1410299A (en) * | 1920-09-30 | 1922-03-21 | Lok Shingle Company | Shingle |
| US1471396A (en) * | 1922-08-17 | 1923-10-23 | John Francis Chevalier | Ridge or hip flexible shingle |
| US1596272A (en) * | 1925-08-27 | 1926-08-17 | George M Jordan | Roofing and method of laying same |
| US1822410A (en) * | 1928-12-29 | 1931-09-08 | Anaconda Sales Co | Roof accessory |
| US1810674A (en) * | 1930-07-21 | 1931-06-16 | Henry G Muhr | Roof construction |
| US1975986A (en) * | 1931-01-23 | 1934-10-09 | Certain Teed Prod Corp | Covering for surfaces exposed to the weather |
| US2192810A (en) * | 1938-02-18 | 1940-03-05 | Edward H Angier | Building material |
| US2305008A (en) * | 1940-12-11 | 1942-12-15 | Howard Orlie | Roofing composition |
| US2376024A (en) * | 1944-02-15 | 1945-05-15 | Jesse T Barrett | Composition shingle |
| US2429480A (en) * | 1945-10-10 | 1947-10-21 | Miller Robert Darrah | Metal ridge shingle |
| US3913294A (en) * | 1974-02-15 | 1975-10-21 | Bennie Freiborg | Asphalt composition hip and ridge cover |
-
1980
- 1980-03-31 US US06/135,466 patent/US4322928A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1981
- 1981-03-30 CA CA000374118A patent/CA1153184A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-03-31 MX MX186614A patent/MX151709A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4322928A (en) | 1982-04-06 |
| MX151709A (en) | 1985-02-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |