CA1192108A - Substitute tobacco product for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco - Google Patents
Substitute tobacco product for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobaccoInfo
- Publication number
- CA1192108A CA1192108A CA000423438A CA423438A CA1192108A CA 1192108 A CA1192108 A CA 1192108A CA 000423438 A CA000423438 A CA 000423438A CA 423438 A CA423438 A CA 423438A CA 1192108 A CA1192108 A CA 1192108A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- dried
- leaves
- tobacco
- herb
- rootstock
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
- A24D1/18—Selection of materials, other than tobacco, suitable for smoking
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A novel natural plant substitute for tobacco for use as cigar tobacco pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco is provided herein. In one embodiment it includes dried herb of pearly everlasting; dried sunflower leaves; dried blossoms and leaves of sweet clover; dried leaves of coltsfoot; dried bearberry or crabapple fruit; dried unripened fruit of cubebs; dried leaves of field mint; dried herbs of frostwort; dried rootstock of ginger; dried leaves of dittany; dried flowers and leaves of goldenrod; dried rootstock and leaves of licorice; and dried leaves of angelica. It has been found that these tobacco substitutes have a good natural flavour and smoking characteristics similar to tobacco without the well-known hazardous characteristics.
A novel natural plant substitute for tobacco for use as cigar tobacco pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco is provided herein. In one embodiment it includes dried herb of pearly everlasting; dried sunflower leaves; dried blossoms and leaves of sweet clover; dried leaves of coltsfoot; dried bearberry or crabapple fruit; dried unripened fruit of cubebs; dried leaves of field mint; dried herbs of frostwort; dried rootstock of ginger; dried leaves of dittany; dried flowers and leaves of goldenrod; dried rootstock and leaves of licorice; and dried leaves of angelica. It has been found that these tobacco substitutes have a good natural flavour and smoking characteristics similar to tobacco without the well-known hazardous characteristics.
Description
This ;nvention relatos in g,erlel-al to tobacco substitutes for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco and in particular to a physical, chemical and psychological substitute for a natura] tobacco product without employing any natural tobacco material.
It is well known that tobacco contains many components that are hazardous to the hea]th of individuals. Accordingly, tobacco substitute or synthetic smoking materials have been known for some time. Tobacco sub-stitutes desirably have a number of properties which are analogous to those of natural tobacco. For example, tobacco substitutes should have burning characteristics which are compatib]e with natural tobacco. Some otherwise suitable tobacco substitute compositions burn too rapidly or at too high a temperature to be suitable for use as smokeable items. In order to overcome this disadvantage, additive constituents, e.g., hydrated alumina, have been incorporated into the reconstituted tobacco as combustion control or burning rate contro~ agents.
Another problem with many tobacco substitute compositions is that they tend to "bloom" upon combustion. Blooming occurs when the ash expands, becomes incoherent and disintegrates. OEten in cigarettes containing blends of tobacco and tobacco substitutes, rather than forming a natural-appearing coherent ash, the filament or ribbon-like ashes of the tobacco and tobacco substitute partic]es separate and peel out from the center of the ash causing blooming. The expanded ash has a very unattractive appearance and is weakened to the degree that large hot particles flake off. Another characteristic of such an ash is its tendency to fall off prematurely with little or no agitation of the cigarette.
Various materials are known to affect ashing properties and in some instances, fibrous materials have served both to support the ash after combustion and to impart strength Lo the substitute sheet. Iibrous materials used to support tobacco substitute ash include asbestos (now known to be hazardous to health) or cellulosic materials, e.g., cellulose gau~e treated with a flarneproofing agent.
~any attempts have been made to utilize cellulosic materials, e.g., a]pha-cel]u]ose, as smoking materials to be used as tobacco replace-ments or supplernents. I~owever, a]pha-cellulose and similar materials, in untreated form, have not been found to be entirely satisfactory materials, either with regard to their burning characteristics or with regard to certain ]o other properties. Attempts have been made to modify cellulose by oxidative t-echniques, by heat techniques and by the addition of various materials to modify the properties of the cellulose. Despite these many techniquesS
cel]ulose has not been found to be completely satisfactory as a smoking material.
In one manner of providing a tobacco substitute, it has been proposed to take ordinary wood pulp, form a paper sheet therefrom, and saturate such a sheet with an extract of natural tobacco. The extract has been prepared by taking tobacco waste, comprising broken leaf parts and stem parts and subjecting this waste to extraction with stem. Since many of the constituents of tobacco that give it the characteristic aroma, flavour and colour are not soluble in water they are not extracted, so that the extract is not a representative composition of the ingredients in the native driecl tobacco. Therefore, it is not surprising that ordinary paper saturated with such a partial extract is deficient as a tobacco sub-stitute and has an off-co]our, an objectionable taste and insufficient aroma. Further, since such a product has, in fact, certain ingredients of natural tobacco, i~ is classifiable under tariff regulations as a "tobacco"
product and is subject to the same high duties and taxes as the whole stuff of the tobacco plant. No economic or social advances are rnade by the use of such paper-treated products.
Cel]u]ose has been oxidized by treatment with nitrogen dioxide and simi]ar materia]s. For example, U.S. Patent 3,461,879 relates to tobacco substitutes in which the combustible portion is oxidized cellulose or is an oxidized material which contains a significant percentage or alpha-cellulose. The theory behind such treatments is believed Co involve the oxidation of the primary hydroxyl groups of the cellulose molecule to form carboxyl groups in their place. The oxidation of the cellulose is said to have the effect of reducing the delivery or lPM (total particulate matter) from the cellu]ose and to also produce a more desirable taste in the smoke.
However, such oxidation, for example with nitrogen dioxide, involves re]atively high equipment investment and operating costs and does not produce an entirely satisfactory product.
In addition, various heat treatments have been tried, in attempts to improve the burning properties of cellulose. For example, U.S. Patents 3,705,589 and 3,545,448 relate to heat-treated cellulosic materials for use in smoking products. However, the materials produced by such treatments have also not been found to be totally satisfactory.
Compositions which have included certain types of untreated cellu]ose in combination with other materials9 for example as described in U.S. Patent 3,807,414 have also not been found to provide all of the desired effects.
The typical tobacco substitutes described in, e.g., U.S. Patents Nos. 2,809,904; 3,4]0,276; 3,461,879; 3,477,865; and 3,732,39Z generally comprise a binder, a fibrous filler, e.g., as asbestos or kraft pulp, to impart sLrength to the tobacco substitute sheet and a combustion control or burning raLe modifying agent. ln some instanes, substitutes may also require an ash control agent.
U.S. Patent 1,334,752 provides a fluid for treating tobacco leaves or like plants. The fluid is obtained by boiling resin in a solvent of NaCI and by boiling the same in a solvent of NaHCO, and a solution of organic salt of iron.
U.S. Patent 1,680,860 provides a smokeable tobacco substitute and process using eucalyptus, adding glycerine or honey or molasses (as a hydroscopic agent to prevent drying out of the end product). KN03 is used in an aqueous solution to treat leaves to augment flagration of the end product so that it is made useable for cigarettes and for pipe smoking purposes. The leaves are air dried, crushed between rollers, macerated in KN03 solution for three hours, drained and put in a pressure vessel at 100-200 F for three hours. The ]eaves are then compressed and heated up to 212F, then shredded as filler.
V.S. Patent 2,576,021 provides wood pulp to make a paper sheet and then soak it with tobacco extract to make a tobacco substitute and provide an improvement using fibers of bagasse preferably sugar cane bagasse preferred over wood pulp, cotton linen, ramie, sisal and other similar fibers because it has a chemical composition similar to tobacco in respect to cellulose, gums, fats and waxes. The process involves washing the sheet and treating it with NaOH or other alkali, and forms a sheet using Fourdrinier equipr~ent. Certain substances can be added to impart desired taste, aroma and colour.
Specifically, this patentee provided substitlJte for tobacco consisting of a slleeted product containing no natural tobacco and consisting of bagasse ancl agents which impart to the product the flavour, arorna and appearance of natural tobacco, said agents including a sugar, an aliphatic hydroxy acid, an amino acid, a hygroscopic aliphatic polyhydric alcohol, a natural water-soluble ester gum, an essential oi] and an organic water-soluble colouring matter, the bagasse being present in the product in an amount greater than said agents and in the form of a mixture containing from about 25% to 50% by weight of relatively short fibres and from about 50/0 to 75% by weight of relatively long fibres, said product having sub-stantially the same burning characteristics as dried natural tobacco.
U.S. 2,907,686 provide a tobacco substit:ute, an elongated cylinder made by charring a pieee of wood, to produce charcoal. The wood is charred in the absence of air at 250-~00 C (4 6 hours). The product may include carrier for flavouring agent: charcoal, Fuller's earth, natural or activated clays; aroma~ic flavouring agent: natural or synthetic oils, e.g., vanilla9 eucalyptol, octyl acetate, isoamyl isovalerate. A smoke-forming agent, preferably an edible solid or liquid, e.g., glycerol, glycerol monoacetate, may be added. Coal tar colours may also be added. Ash-forming agent may be from a high ash source or may result from soaking a low ash source with a solution of ash-producing inorganic salts, e.g., ZnC12, Ca(OH)2, KOH
or K2C03, MgO, A1203. Coat:ing agents, e.g., sugar solutions or hard gum or resin may also be used.
U.S. Patent 3,369,551 provide a tobacco substitute base foulld by extracting plant leaves with water or an organic solvent with many additives listed. Dried materials are toasted to a golden brown colour and treated with appropriate additives.
_ 5 _ U.S. Patent 3,461,879 provide a Lobacco substit-lte constituting oxidized cellulose in combination with a hydrated metal compound, for example magnesium citrate, hydrated alumina, calcium tartrate or magnesium sulfate. Whell hydrated metal compounds, for example magnesium sulfate or the other materials set forth in this patent are employed, the burning rate of the cellulose has been found to approach that of ordinary cured tobacco leaves and a more pleasant taste and aroma have been found to be produced in connection with the sidestream and mainstream of the tobacco smoke. Furthermore, the resulting ash has been found to be more satis-factory.
U.S. Patent 3,545,448 provide a smoking material comprising a carbohydrate material, e.g., ce]lulose, which is thermally degraded at 100-250 C until a weight loss of at least 10% has occurred, the degradation taking place in the presence of a strong mineral acid catalyst or in the presence of a salt of such strong acid with a weak base. The patent indicates that especially useful carbohydrate materials include alpha-cellulose, cellulose derivatives e.g., n-ethyl cellulose, various polysac-charides and various gums.
U.S. Patent 3,556,109 provide a smoking material made from oxidized cellulose with various salts.
U.S. Patent 3,556,110 provide a smoking rnaterial made from oxidized cellulose with various salts.
~.S. Patent 3,559,655 provide a smoking material made from oxidized cellulose with various salts.
U.S. Patent 3,612,063 provide a smoking material made of oxidized cellulose combined with organic salts of potassium, lithium and copper, ~32~
such as the oxalic, lactic, glycolic, clig]ycolic, pivalic or tannic acid salts, and with ti~anium dioxide.
lJ.S. Patent 3,638,660 provide a tobacco substitute rnaterial prepared from fibrous wood pulp containing at least 90% of alpha-cellulose which is lightly beaten to certain specifications and is then formed into a sheet having a density of 12-35 pounds per cubic foot. rhe beaten fibrous wood pulp is, during the formation of the sheet, combined with certain combustion modifiers, namely the sulfates of magnesium, sodium and potassium or the chlorides of potassium and magnesium or the carbonates and bicar-bonates of sodium, potassium, magnesium and aluminum or potassium nitrate, ferric oxide, ferric hydroxide, alumina, the citrates and acetates of magnesium and glyconic acidO In the pa~ent, it is stated that best results are obtained when cellulose is combined with hydrated magnesium sulfate ar,d certain burning sustainers, namely potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate and ferric oxide or hydroxide.
Other burning sustainers are the potassium, sodium, magnesium and ammonium carbonates or bicarbonates. It is also stated that various flavours and humectants, as well as nicotine or other alkaloids, may be introdùced into the sheet. It is further stated that ammonium compounds and various colouring agents may also be incorporated in the sheet. It is also stated that the presence of ammonia (for example in the form of ammoniùm sulfate or ammonium carbonate) is believed to inhibit the production of 3,~-benzpyrene.
U.SO Patent 3,640,285 provide a cigarette paper which is loaded with calcium oxalate or certain other alkaline earth metal salts of organic acids, which may be added as such or formed in situ in the paper.
~:~9~ 8 U.S. Patellt 3,720,660 provide oxidized cellulose and other poly-saccharides, wherein the cellulose is reacted with such materials as strong acids, e.g., ~12S04, with nitrosyl chloridè and the like.
U.S. Patent 3,812,864 provide a smoking material which is prepared by employing a combination of vinyl methyl ether: maleic anhydride copoly-mers with certain particulate inorganic materials (for example, calcium carbonates) and with a secondary combustible material which may be tobacco dust, cellulose, pectins, natural gums or the like.
U.S. Patent 3,874,390 provide a smokeable product formed by heating cellulose to 150-300 C to obtain a degree of degradation of 5-30%
by weight and combining thè resulting degraded or carbonized cellulose with an inorganic filler which may be a hydroxide, an oxide or a hydrated oxide of aluminum, iron or si]icon, to form a slurry which may then be cast into a sheet or ultimate use as a smoking material.
U.S. Patent 3,924,642 provide a smokeable product having a cel-lulose based combustible material containing a chelate compound incorporated in an amount from .5 to 70% by weight of combustible material, The product may also contain fillers, compounds which split off ammonia, oxidizing agents, ammonium salts of polymeric acids, low sulfur content proteins and/
or tobacco extracts.
U.S. Patent 3,931,~24 provide a smoking product which incorporates carboxymethyl cellulose as a portion of its filler.
U.S. Patent 3,965,911 provide a tobacco substitute smoking materiai comprising an organic combustible material as ~ smoke-producing fuel, and protein. The organic combustible material may be a smoke-producing carbohydrate, such as alpha-cellulose, cellulose derivatives, sugars, starch, alginate, pectin, or natura] gum.
Gcrman Offenlegungsschrift 2,262,829 provide as a smokeable product a ~ellulose sheet- having added thereto a meta] chelate of the type represented by magnesium aluminum citrate and magnesiurn iron citrate.
Canadian Patent 1,066,496 provided a tobacco substitute comprising an organic binder; an ash stabilizer comprising boric oxide, boron oxyacids, or ammonium, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of boron oxyacids;
a bloom control agent comprising from about 10% to about 40% by weight of tobacco fines; and an inorganic filler. These tobacco substitutes may be employed in admixture with natural tobacco in amounts up to about 50/0 by weight, preferably about 3% to about 50% by weight.
Canadian Patent 1,135,949 provides an improved synthetic smoking material comprising a cellulosic material containing calcium, magnesium, iron, or aluminum salts. While the cellulosic material, e.g., alpha-cel-lulose, may be used in sheet or particulate form and the like, the process preferably comprises forming an aqueous slurry of the cellulosic material, desirably in the form of loose and slightly beaten cellulose fibers in water, then adding the above-mentioned salts to the slurry, casting the same and thereafter drying , conditioning and slitting the resulting sheet to produce a low tar filler material.
Processes also known for the production of tobacco substitutes.
In one such known process, coarsely comminuted tobacco materials, in par-ticular ribs and wastes, are admixed with a small amount of liquid and kneaded. The resultant crumbly, moist rnass is then subseguently pressed at a pressure in excess of 161 kg/cm to form flakes. These are tobacco structures of ~arge surface area which must be recut subsequently to the ~L19Z~8 sizes necessary to be adcled to cigar fillers or to cigarette tobacco.
The flakes produced during this process are flat like paper and have only a low filling capacity. The mechanical expenditure for achieving the high pressures and the consumption o~ energy required during pressing or rolling is high. Furthermore, the subseq-lent cutting operation is also disadvant-ageous because the knives are subject to a high amount of wear which necessitates frequent replacement of the knives.
Another process is known in which the starting products are ground very fine in size, in part even in colloidal size, and are admixed with large amounts of liquid. The thin slurry obtained according to this process, known as the slurry process, is then measured out in a thin layer on a drying belt and is dried to form a foil. Insofar as this foil is supposed to be used as a fi~led for cigars or cigarettes, it must be cut again subsequently hereto. Although no pressure is employed in this process, the consumption of energy is nevertheless very high because large amounts of liquid must be removed from the mass. In addition, the above-mentioned difficulties again arise when the foil is cut. Furthermore, this process produces a thin paper-like product with a low filling capacity.
Up to now the dried, band-like foils were generally cut longi-tudinally and transversely into large pieces at the end of the transport belt by cutting devices. This cutting causes a relatively great amount of wear to the cutting knives, in particular in the case of artificial tobaccos which contain greater amounts of inorganic addieives.
A suggestion taught by U.S. Patent 3,7139358 intends avoiding the disadvantages of the afore-cited process. In so doing, special ref-erence is made to the corrosion problems when cutting the finished foils into large pieces as is common nowadays. This suggestion proposes cutting the f]exible foils at ô - ]2% the moisture content subsequent to leaving an endless belt by means of a plurality of parallel knives and belt devices to form pieces in the shape of a parallelogram. The great amount of wear of the cutting knives and the resultant frequent sharpening of the same are not eliminated by this proposal. Furthermore, the pieces produced in this manner attract attention in an undesirable way due to the uniform regular geometrical shapes and the resultant unnatural appearance between the natural tobaccos. In addition, they have a paper-like shape, but do not have good filling capacity as is also the case in the afore-cited artificial structures.
Canadian Patent 996,206 provides smokeable, substantially homo-geneous flakes of reconstituted tobacco where the flakes are characterized in that they have an irregularly wavy configuration, irregular dimensions with substantially non-rectilinear edges and visible porous properties, a high filling capacity when used as cigar or cigarette filler as well as the same colour on both sides Those are obtainable by deforming a moist mass containing tobacco and/or tobacco substitutes between a rotating transport surface and a counterpart surface to form a flat structure, by pushing apart the flat structure located on the transport surface and not yet dried to its final moisture content and being in a plastic state into flake or leaf shape by means of an element provided with separating forms in a squeezing operation for separation purposes and by removing the structures from ehe transport surface immediately thereafter and drying them to their final moisture content.
Among the many other proposals which have been made to provide a tobacco substitute, are the subject matter of the fol]owing patents:
Canadian Patents 672,599 844,893 844,894 907,452 908,533 919,543 923,006 934,263 934,632 935,030 949,414 961,368 992,427 995,549 and 997,644 lInited States Patents 328,300 De Susini October 13, 1885 1,334,752 Hagino March 23, 1920 1,352,421 Alsina et al September 14, 1920 1,818,897 Kumagawa August 11, 1931 1,961,866 Rooker June 5, 1934 1,968,403 Kinker July 31, 1934 1,983,530 Brandenberger December 11, 1934
It is well known that tobacco contains many components that are hazardous to the hea]th of individuals. Accordingly, tobacco substitute or synthetic smoking materials have been known for some time. Tobacco sub-stitutes desirably have a number of properties which are analogous to those of natural tobacco. For example, tobacco substitutes should have burning characteristics which are compatib]e with natural tobacco. Some otherwise suitable tobacco substitute compositions burn too rapidly or at too high a temperature to be suitable for use as smokeable items. In order to overcome this disadvantage, additive constituents, e.g., hydrated alumina, have been incorporated into the reconstituted tobacco as combustion control or burning rate contro~ agents.
Another problem with many tobacco substitute compositions is that they tend to "bloom" upon combustion. Blooming occurs when the ash expands, becomes incoherent and disintegrates. OEten in cigarettes containing blends of tobacco and tobacco substitutes, rather than forming a natural-appearing coherent ash, the filament or ribbon-like ashes of the tobacco and tobacco substitute partic]es separate and peel out from the center of the ash causing blooming. The expanded ash has a very unattractive appearance and is weakened to the degree that large hot particles flake off. Another characteristic of such an ash is its tendency to fall off prematurely with little or no agitation of the cigarette.
Various materials are known to affect ashing properties and in some instances, fibrous materials have served both to support the ash after combustion and to impart strength Lo the substitute sheet. Iibrous materials used to support tobacco substitute ash include asbestos (now known to be hazardous to health) or cellulosic materials, e.g., cellulose gau~e treated with a flarneproofing agent.
~any attempts have been made to utilize cellulosic materials, e.g., a]pha-cel]u]ose, as smoking materials to be used as tobacco replace-ments or supplernents. I~owever, a]pha-cellulose and similar materials, in untreated form, have not been found to be entirely satisfactory materials, either with regard to their burning characteristics or with regard to certain ]o other properties. Attempts have been made to modify cellulose by oxidative t-echniques, by heat techniques and by the addition of various materials to modify the properties of the cellulose. Despite these many techniquesS
cel]ulose has not been found to be completely satisfactory as a smoking material.
In one manner of providing a tobacco substitute, it has been proposed to take ordinary wood pulp, form a paper sheet therefrom, and saturate such a sheet with an extract of natural tobacco. The extract has been prepared by taking tobacco waste, comprising broken leaf parts and stem parts and subjecting this waste to extraction with stem. Since many of the constituents of tobacco that give it the characteristic aroma, flavour and colour are not soluble in water they are not extracted, so that the extract is not a representative composition of the ingredients in the native driecl tobacco. Therefore, it is not surprising that ordinary paper saturated with such a partial extract is deficient as a tobacco sub-stitute and has an off-co]our, an objectionable taste and insufficient aroma. Further, since such a product has, in fact, certain ingredients of natural tobacco, i~ is classifiable under tariff regulations as a "tobacco"
product and is subject to the same high duties and taxes as the whole stuff of the tobacco plant. No economic or social advances are rnade by the use of such paper-treated products.
Cel]u]ose has been oxidized by treatment with nitrogen dioxide and simi]ar materia]s. For example, U.S. Patent 3,461,879 relates to tobacco substitutes in which the combustible portion is oxidized cellulose or is an oxidized material which contains a significant percentage or alpha-cellulose. The theory behind such treatments is believed Co involve the oxidation of the primary hydroxyl groups of the cellulose molecule to form carboxyl groups in their place. The oxidation of the cellulose is said to have the effect of reducing the delivery or lPM (total particulate matter) from the cellu]ose and to also produce a more desirable taste in the smoke.
However, such oxidation, for example with nitrogen dioxide, involves re]atively high equipment investment and operating costs and does not produce an entirely satisfactory product.
In addition, various heat treatments have been tried, in attempts to improve the burning properties of cellulose. For example, U.S. Patents 3,705,589 and 3,545,448 relate to heat-treated cellulosic materials for use in smoking products. However, the materials produced by such treatments have also not been found to be totally satisfactory.
Compositions which have included certain types of untreated cellu]ose in combination with other materials9 for example as described in U.S. Patent 3,807,414 have also not been found to provide all of the desired effects.
The typical tobacco substitutes described in, e.g., U.S. Patents Nos. 2,809,904; 3,4]0,276; 3,461,879; 3,477,865; and 3,732,39Z generally comprise a binder, a fibrous filler, e.g., as asbestos or kraft pulp, to impart sLrength to the tobacco substitute sheet and a combustion control or burning raLe modifying agent. ln some instanes, substitutes may also require an ash control agent.
U.S. Patent 1,334,752 provides a fluid for treating tobacco leaves or like plants. The fluid is obtained by boiling resin in a solvent of NaCI and by boiling the same in a solvent of NaHCO, and a solution of organic salt of iron.
U.S. Patent 1,680,860 provides a smokeable tobacco substitute and process using eucalyptus, adding glycerine or honey or molasses (as a hydroscopic agent to prevent drying out of the end product). KN03 is used in an aqueous solution to treat leaves to augment flagration of the end product so that it is made useable for cigarettes and for pipe smoking purposes. The leaves are air dried, crushed between rollers, macerated in KN03 solution for three hours, drained and put in a pressure vessel at 100-200 F for three hours. The ]eaves are then compressed and heated up to 212F, then shredded as filler.
V.S. Patent 2,576,021 provides wood pulp to make a paper sheet and then soak it with tobacco extract to make a tobacco substitute and provide an improvement using fibers of bagasse preferably sugar cane bagasse preferred over wood pulp, cotton linen, ramie, sisal and other similar fibers because it has a chemical composition similar to tobacco in respect to cellulose, gums, fats and waxes. The process involves washing the sheet and treating it with NaOH or other alkali, and forms a sheet using Fourdrinier equipr~ent. Certain substances can be added to impart desired taste, aroma and colour.
Specifically, this patentee provided substitlJte for tobacco consisting of a slleeted product containing no natural tobacco and consisting of bagasse ancl agents which impart to the product the flavour, arorna and appearance of natural tobacco, said agents including a sugar, an aliphatic hydroxy acid, an amino acid, a hygroscopic aliphatic polyhydric alcohol, a natural water-soluble ester gum, an essential oi] and an organic water-soluble colouring matter, the bagasse being present in the product in an amount greater than said agents and in the form of a mixture containing from about 25% to 50% by weight of relatively short fibres and from about 50/0 to 75% by weight of relatively long fibres, said product having sub-stantially the same burning characteristics as dried natural tobacco.
U.S. 2,907,686 provide a tobacco substit:ute, an elongated cylinder made by charring a pieee of wood, to produce charcoal. The wood is charred in the absence of air at 250-~00 C (4 6 hours). The product may include carrier for flavouring agent: charcoal, Fuller's earth, natural or activated clays; aroma~ic flavouring agent: natural or synthetic oils, e.g., vanilla9 eucalyptol, octyl acetate, isoamyl isovalerate. A smoke-forming agent, preferably an edible solid or liquid, e.g., glycerol, glycerol monoacetate, may be added. Coal tar colours may also be added. Ash-forming agent may be from a high ash source or may result from soaking a low ash source with a solution of ash-producing inorganic salts, e.g., ZnC12, Ca(OH)2, KOH
or K2C03, MgO, A1203. Coat:ing agents, e.g., sugar solutions or hard gum or resin may also be used.
U.S. Patent 3,369,551 provide a tobacco substitute base foulld by extracting plant leaves with water or an organic solvent with many additives listed. Dried materials are toasted to a golden brown colour and treated with appropriate additives.
_ 5 _ U.S. Patent 3,461,879 provide a Lobacco substit-lte constituting oxidized cellulose in combination with a hydrated metal compound, for example magnesium citrate, hydrated alumina, calcium tartrate or magnesium sulfate. Whell hydrated metal compounds, for example magnesium sulfate or the other materials set forth in this patent are employed, the burning rate of the cellulose has been found to approach that of ordinary cured tobacco leaves and a more pleasant taste and aroma have been found to be produced in connection with the sidestream and mainstream of the tobacco smoke. Furthermore, the resulting ash has been found to be more satis-factory.
U.S. Patent 3,545,448 provide a smoking material comprising a carbohydrate material, e.g., ce]lulose, which is thermally degraded at 100-250 C until a weight loss of at least 10% has occurred, the degradation taking place in the presence of a strong mineral acid catalyst or in the presence of a salt of such strong acid with a weak base. The patent indicates that especially useful carbohydrate materials include alpha-cellulose, cellulose derivatives e.g., n-ethyl cellulose, various polysac-charides and various gums.
U.S. Patent 3,556,109 provide a smoking material made from oxidized cellulose with various salts.
U.S. Patent 3,556,110 provide a smoking rnaterial made from oxidized cellulose with various salts.
~.S. Patent 3,559,655 provide a smoking material made from oxidized cellulose with various salts.
U.S. Patent 3,612,063 provide a smoking material made of oxidized cellulose combined with organic salts of potassium, lithium and copper, ~32~
such as the oxalic, lactic, glycolic, clig]ycolic, pivalic or tannic acid salts, and with ti~anium dioxide.
lJ.S. Patent 3,638,660 provide a tobacco substitute rnaterial prepared from fibrous wood pulp containing at least 90% of alpha-cellulose which is lightly beaten to certain specifications and is then formed into a sheet having a density of 12-35 pounds per cubic foot. rhe beaten fibrous wood pulp is, during the formation of the sheet, combined with certain combustion modifiers, namely the sulfates of magnesium, sodium and potassium or the chlorides of potassium and magnesium or the carbonates and bicar-bonates of sodium, potassium, magnesium and aluminum or potassium nitrate, ferric oxide, ferric hydroxide, alumina, the citrates and acetates of magnesium and glyconic acidO In the pa~ent, it is stated that best results are obtained when cellulose is combined with hydrated magnesium sulfate ar,d certain burning sustainers, namely potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate and ferric oxide or hydroxide.
Other burning sustainers are the potassium, sodium, magnesium and ammonium carbonates or bicarbonates. It is also stated that various flavours and humectants, as well as nicotine or other alkaloids, may be introdùced into the sheet. It is further stated that ammonium compounds and various colouring agents may also be incorporated in the sheet. It is also stated that the presence of ammonia (for example in the form of ammoniùm sulfate or ammonium carbonate) is believed to inhibit the production of 3,~-benzpyrene.
U.SO Patent 3,640,285 provide a cigarette paper which is loaded with calcium oxalate or certain other alkaline earth metal salts of organic acids, which may be added as such or formed in situ in the paper.
~:~9~ 8 U.S. Patellt 3,720,660 provide oxidized cellulose and other poly-saccharides, wherein the cellulose is reacted with such materials as strong acids, e.g., ~12S04, with nitrosyl chloridè and the like.
U.S. Patent 3,812,864 provide a smoking material which is prepared by employing a combination of vinyl methyl ether: maleic anhydride copoly-mers with certain particulate inorganic materials (for example, calcium carbonates) and with a secondary combustible material which may be tobacco dust, cellulose, pectins, natural gums or the like.
U.S. Patent 3,874,390 provide a smokeable product formed by heating cellulose to 150-300 C to obtain a degree of degradation of 5-30%
by weight and combining thè resulting degraded or carbonized cellulose with an inorganic filler which may be a hydroxide, an oxide or a hydrated oxide of aluminum, iron or si]icon, to form a slurry which may then be cast into a sheet or ultimate use as a smoking material.
U.S. Patent 3,924,642 provide a smokeable product having a cel-lulose based combustible material containing a chelate compound incorporated in an amount from .5 to 70% by weight of combustible material, The product may also contain fillers, compounds which split off ammonia, oxidizing agents, ammonium salts of polymeric acids, low sulfur content proteins and/
or tobacco extracts.
U.S. Patent 3,931,~24 provide a smoking product which incorporates carboxymethyl cellulose as a portion of its filler.
U.S. Patent 3,965,911 provide a tobacco substitute smoking materiai comprising an organic combustible material as ~ smoke-producing fuel, and protein. The organic combustible material may be a smoke-producing carbohydrate, such as alpha-cellulose, cellulose derivatives, sugars, starch, alginate, pectin, or natura] gum.
Gcrman Offenlegungsschrift 2,262,829 provide as a smokeable product a ~ellulose sheet- having added thereto a meta] chelate of the type represented by magnesium aluminum citrate and magnesiurn iron citrate.
Canadian Patent 1,066,496 provided a tobacco substitute comprising an organic binder; an ash stabilizer comprising boric oxide, boron oxyacids, or ammonium, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of boron oxyacids;
a bloom control agent comprising from about 10% to about 40% by weight of tobacco fines; and an inorganic filler. These tobacco substitutes may be employed in admixture with natural tobacco in amounts up to about 50/0 by weight, preferably about 3% to about 50% by weight.
Canadian Patent 1,135,949 provides an improved synthetic smoking material comprising a cellulosic material containing calcium, magnesium, iron, or aluminum salts. While the cellulosic material, e.g., alpha-cel-lulose, may be used in sheet or particulate form and the like, the process preferably comprises forming an aqueous slurry of the cellulosic material, desirably in the form of loose and slightly beaten cellulose fibers in water, then adding the above-mentioned salts to the slurry, casting the same and thereafter drying , conditioning and slitting the resulting sheet to produce a low tar filler material.
Processes also known for the production of tobacco substitutes.
In one such known process, coarsely comminuted tobacco materials, in par-ticular ribs and wastes, are admixed with a small amount of liquid and kneaded. The resultant crumbly, moist rnass is then subseguently pressed at a pressure in excess of 161 kg/cm to form flakes. These are tobacco structures of ~arge surface area which must be recut subsequently to the ~L19Z~8 sizes necessary to be adcled to cigar fillers or to cigarette tobacco.
The flakes produced during this process are flat like paper and have only a low filling capacity. The mechanical expenditure for achieving the high pressures and the consumption o~ energy required during pressing or rolling is high. Furthermore, the subseq-lent cutting operation is also disadvant-ageous because the knives are subject to a high amount of wear which necessitates frequent replacement of the knives.
Another process is known in which the starting products are ground very fine in size, in part even in colloidal size, and are admixed with large amounts of liquid. The thin slurry obtained according to this process, known as the slurry process, is then measured out in a thin layer on a drying belt and is dried to form a foil. Insofar as this foil is supposed to be used as a fi~led for cigars or cigarettes, it must be cut again subsequently hereto. Although no pressure is employed in this process, the consumption of energy is nevertheless very high because large amounts of liquid must be removed from the mass. In addition, the above-mentioned difficulties again arise when the foil is cut. Furthermore, this process produces a thin paper-like product with a low filling capacity.
Up to now the dried, band-like foils were generally cut longi-tudinally and transversely into large pieces at the end of the transport belt by cutting devices. This cutting causes a relatively great amount of wear to the cutting knives, in particular in the case of artificial tobaccos which contain greater amounts of inorganic addieives.
A suggestion taught by U.S. Patent 3,7139358 intends avoiding the disadvantages of the afore-cited process. In so doing, special ref-erence is made to the corrosion problems when cutting the finished foils into large pieces as is common nowadays. This suggestion proposes cutting the f]exible foils at ô - ]2% the moisture content subsequent to leaving an endless belt by means of a plurality of parallel knives and belt devices to form pieces in the shape of a parallelogram. The great amount of wear of the cutting knives and the resultant frequent sharpening of the same are not eliminated by this proposal. Furthermore, the pieces produced in this manner attract attention in an undesirable way due to the uniform regular geometrical shapes and the resultant unnatural appearance between the natural tobaccos. In addition, they have a paper-like shape, but do not have good filling capacity as is also the case in the afore-cited artificial structures.
Canadian Patent 996,206 provides smokeable, substantially homo-geneous flakes of reconstituted tobacco where the flakes are characterized in that they have an irregularly wavy configuration, irregular dimensions with substantially non-rectilinear edges and visible porous properties, a high filling capacity when used as cigar or cigarette filler as well as the same colour on both sides Those are obtainable by deforming a moist mass containing tobacco and/or tobacco substitutes between a rotating transport surface and a counterpart surface to form a flat structure, by pushing apart the flat structure located on the transport surface and not yet dried to its final moisture content and being in a plastic state into flake or leaf shape by means of an element provided with separating forms in a squeezing operation for separation purposes and by removing the structures from ehe transport surface immediately thereafter and drying them to their final moisture content.
Among the many other proposals which have been made to provide a tobacco substitute, are the subject matter of the fol]owing patents:
Canadian Patents 672,599 844,893 844,894 907,452 908,533 919,543 923,006 934,263 934,632 935,030 949,414 961,368 992,427 995,549 and 997,644 lInited States Patents 328,300 De Susini October 13, 1885 1,334,752 Hagino March 23, 1920 1,352,421 Alsina et al September 14, 1920 1,818,897 Kumagawa August 11, 1931 1,961,866 Rooker June 5, 1934 1,968,403 Kinker July 31, 1934 1,983,530 Brandenberger December 11, 1934
2,171,986 Poetschke September 5, 1939 2,331,830 Garber October 12, 1943 2,576,021 2,907,686
3,369,551 3,844,294 3,897,797 and4,147,172 Great Britain 325,125 February 13, 1930 1,299,296 ],~98,354 1,312,483 2~
Nevertheless, in spite of all these patents, not a slngle patent has provided a substitute tobacco for use as a cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco which simulates a natural tobacco product in taste, colour, aroma and burning characteristics without employing an~
part of the tobacco plant. ~one of these prior art patents provides a substitute tobacco which has a burn rate which is suitable for use in a smokeable product, e.g., cigar, which upon combustion, forms a stable, normal-appearing, non-blooming ash, and which does not impart undesirable taste to smokeable products, and may be economically produced. Further-more, not a single patent provided such tobacco substitute which was not toxic, not cancer producing or forming, not poisonous, not habit forming, not mentally, physically or emotionally habit forming and yet which is easy to produce and can have optional characteristics to please individual tastes.
It is an object of an aspect of the invention to provide a sub-stitute tobacco in sheet form or granulated form for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco, the tobacco substitute having the physical characteristics of a natural tobacco product without con-taining any natural tobacco material.
An object of another aspect of this invention is to provide a substitute tobacco for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco formed entirely of herbaceous naturally-occurring material which has flavour, aroma and burn characteristics similar to those of natural tobacco.
By a broad aspect of this invention, a tobacco substitute for use as c;gar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco is provided cor-sis-ti n g esse n tially of:
(a) dried herb of pearly everlasting;
(b) dried leaves o sunflower;
(c) dried leaves of coltsfoot;
(d) dried blossoms and leaves of sweet ciover;
(e) dried bearberry or crabapple fruit;
(f) dried unripened fruit of cubebs;
(g) dried leaves and field mint;
(h) dried herb of rostwort;
(i) dried rootstock of ginger;
(j) dried leaves of dittany;.
(k) dried flowers and leaves of goldenrod;
(l) dried rootstock and leaves of licorice;
and (m) dried leaves of angelica.
By a variant thereof, the tobacco substitute includes at least one of:
(n) dried sumac bark;
(o) dried spicebush bark;
(p) dried red willow bark;
(q) dried sage;
(r) dried herb of woodruff;
(s~ dried leaves of rosemary.
By a specific variant thereof 9 the tobacco substitute consis~s o~
essentially of the following ingrcdients in pflrts per 100:
41.0000 Pearly Everlast;ng [dried herb~;
7.0000 Sunflower [dried leaves];
11.49~5 Coltsroot and Sweet Coltsfoot [dried and f;ne cut broad leaves];
10.0000 Sweet C}over [dried blossoms and leaves];
15.0000 [Bearberry - dr;ed ba}k in admixture with dried bark of sumac, spicebush and red willow and the fruit of domestic crabapple];
flavour, fragrance teasy on nerves) 2.0000 Cubebs [dried unriped fruit];
3 oO00 Field Mint [dried leaves beore flowering];
2.0000 Frostwort [dried herb];
0.0005 Sage [dr;ed leaves];
0.0005 Woodruff [dried herb];
0.5000 Yellow Melilot [dried flowering herb];
0.0005 Rosemary [dried aromatic leaves and dried flowering top, should be used sparingly];
1.0030 Ginger ~dried rootstock];
l.oooo Dittany [dried leaves before blossom];
1.0000 Goldenrod [dried flower and leaves];
1.0000 L;corice [dried rootstock and dried leaves];
Nevertheless, in spite of all these patents, not a slngle patent has provided a substitute tobacco for use as a cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco which simulates a natural tobacco product in taste, colour, aroma and burning characteristics without employing an~
part of the tobacco plant. ~one of these prior art patents provides a substitute tobacco which has a burn rate which is suitable for use in a smokeable product, e.g., cigar, which upon combustion, forms a stable, normal-appearing, non-blooming ash, and which does not impart undesirable taste to smokeable products, and may be economically produced. Further-more, not a single patent provided such tobacco substitute which was not toxic, not cancer producing or forming, not poisonous, not habit forming, not mentally, physically or emotionally habit forming and yet which is easy to produce and can have optional characteristics to please individual tastes.
It is an object of an aspect of the invention to provide a sub-stitute tobacco in sheet form or granulated form for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco, the tobacco substitute having the physical characteristics of a natural tobacco product without con-taining any natural tobacco material.
An object of another aspect of this invention is to provide a substitute tobacco for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco formed entirely of herbaceous naturally-occurring material which has flavour, aroma and burn characteristics similar to those of natural tobacco.
By a broad aspect of this invention, a tobacco substitute for use as c;gar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco is provided cor-sis-ti n g esse n tially of:
(a) dried herb of pearly everlasting;
(b) dried leaves o sunflower;
(c) dried leaves of coltsfoot;
(d) dried blossoms and leaves of sweet ciover;
(e) dried bearberry or crabapple fruit;
(f) dried unripened fruit of cubebs;
(g) dried leaves and field mint;
(h) dried herb of rostwort;
(i) dried rootstock of ginger;
(j) dried leaves of dittany;.
(k) dried flowers and leaves of goldenrod;
(l) dried rootstock and leaves of licorice;
and (m) dried leaves of angelica.
By a variant thereof, the tobacco substitute includes at least one of:
(n) dried sumac bark;
(o) dried spicebush bark;
(p) dried red willow bark;
(q) dried sage;
(r) dried herb of woodruff;
(s~ dried leaves of rosemary.
By a specific variant thereof 9 the tobacco substitute consis~s o~
essentially of the following ingrcdients in pflrts per 100:
41.0000 Pearly Everlast;ng [dried herb~;
7.0000 Sunflower [dried leaves];
11.49~5 Coltsroot and Sweet Coltsfoot [dried and f;ne cut broad leaves];
10.0000 Sweet C}over [dried blossoms and leaves];
15.0000 [Bearberry - dr;ed ba}k in admixture with dried bark of sumac, spicebush and red willow and the fruit of domestic crabapple];
flavour, fragrance teasy on nerves) 2.0000 Cubebs [dried unriped fruit];
3 oO00 Field Mint [dried leaves beore flowering];
2.0000 Frostwort [dried herb];
0.0005 Sage [dr;ed leaves];
0.0005 Woodruff [dried herb];
0.5000 Yellow Melilot [dried flowering herb];
0.0005 Rosemary [dried aromatic leaves and dried flowering top, should be used sparingly];
1.0030 Ginger ~dried rootstock];
l.oooo Dittany [dried leaves before blossom];
1.0000 Goldenrod [dried flower and leaves];
1.0000 L;corice [dried rootstock and dried leaves];
4.0000 Angelica [dried leaves];
1 00 . 000 By a variation thereof, the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco is soaked in an aromatic alcohol, e.g., rum, brandy, Scotch or rye or bourbon.
In preparing the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco of aspects of this invention, the ~9~ 8 various ingredients in dried, comminuted Çorm arc thoroughly mixed. When moistened, arter mixing, it has been found that the mixture can be pressed into a coherent sheet having a thickness of 0.005 inch (the average thickness of a dried tobacco leaf) and that such sheet will have substantia]ly the same burning characteristics as those of the dried tobacco leaf. To be used as tobacco for cigars or for a pipe, the sheet is comminuted as is well known for a true tobacco leaf.
By various combinations oE moisture content and pressing pres-sure, the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco of aspects of this invention can be formed into a sheet of controlled burning characteristics. The burning rate is a function of porosity, density, moisture content and organic material. It is possible readily to control the density, moisture content and essential and optional materials in subsequent processing.
When the product is to be used as a cigar binder or wrapper leaf, it is preferred to pass the sheet material from the pressure forming machine through heated embossing rollers and emboss the sheet with the representation of a natural tobacco leaf. This can be done by photo-graphing selected leaves and engraving with such designs, so that the paper will be given the characteristic stem, veining and surface irregu-larities of a natural leaf. Preferably, the design covers the entire width and length of the sheet so that it may be cut into suitable pieces without waste.
EXAMPLE
An Example of the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco of an aspect of this invention is as follows:
_ 16 -Parts per 100 41. Pearly Everlasting (Anaphalis margaritocea) - The herb is used to provide a fragrance - lilce hickory. It is easy on the throat.
This provides a product which can also be chewed.
7. Sunflower (llelianthus spp.) - The dried leaves were ~sed to provide a good colour and fine texture. This can also provide use as cigars.
11.4985 Coltsfoot- (Tussilago farfara) and Sweetcoltsfoot (Petasites almota and spp.) - The dried and fine cut broad leaves are used.
I t provides good seasonings and is easy on the throat.
10. Sweet Clover (Melilotus spp - any of the wild clover species, up to 200 species) - The dried blossoms and leaves were used to provide flavour. It mixes well and easy on the throat and i5 good for chest troubles.
15. Bearberry - (Kinnikinnick, Arctostyphylos uva-ursi) - This dried bark is mixed with dried sumac bark, spicebush and red willow bark and/or with the fruit of the domestic crabapple. This provides good flavour and fragrance and is easy on the nerves.
2. Cubebs (Piper cubiba) - The dried unriped fruit was used to provide flavour and aroma.
3- Field mint (Mentha piperita) - The dried dry leaves before flowering were used to provide aroma and flavour.
2. Frostwort (Rock-rose, Helianthemum Canadense) - The dried herb was used to provide flavour. This is easy on the throat.
0.0005 Sage (Salvia officinalis) - The dried leaves were used to provide a spring flavour.
0.0005 Woodruff (Asperula odorata~ - The dried herb was used to provide an excellent fragrance.
0.5 Yellow melilot - (Melilotus officinalis - a member of the clover family) - The driea ~lowering herb was used to provide flavour and aroma.
0.0005 Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) - The dried aromatic leaves and dried flowering top were used to provide aroma.
1.0 Ginger (Zingiber officinale) - The use dried rootstock was used to provide a spicy flavour and aroma. This aids sore throats.
1.0 Dittany (Cunila Oreganoides a member of the mint family) -The dried blossom comes was used to provide fragrance. It can be used as chewing tobacco.
1.0 Goldenrod (Solidago spp.) - The dried flower and leaves were used to provide fragrance.
l.0 licorice ~Glycyrrhiza glabra) - The drled rootstock and dried ]eaves were used to provide flavour. This mixes well and stores well.
4.0 Angelica (Angelica alropurpured) - The dried leaves were ~sed to provide fragrance and aroma. It mixes well.
I 00 . 000 It is noted that to simulate the taste, aroma and colour of a natural tobacco product, the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco includes the above-described combination.
Thus, some of the above-mentioned classes of plants contribute to taste, aroma or colour and some have a dual function, but it has been found that the combination of all these classes iparts the characteristics of natural cured tobacco.
It has been found that these tobacco substitutes for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco have a good natural flavour and smoking characteristics siilar to tobacco without the hazardous characteristics.
1 00 . 000 By a variation thereof, the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco is soaked in an aromatic alcohol, e.g., rum, brandy, Scotch or rye or bourbon.
In preparing the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco of aspects of this invention, the ~9~ 8 various ingredients in dried, comminuted Çorm arc thoroughly mixed. When moistened, arter mixing, it has been found that the mixture can be pressed into a coherent sheet having a thickness of 0.005 inch (the average thickness of a dried tobacco leaf) and that such sheet will have substantia]ly the same burning characteristics as those of the dried tobacco leaf. To be used as tobacco for cigars or for a pipe, the sheet is comminuted as is well known for a true tobacco leaf.
By various combinations oE moisture content and pressing pres-sure, the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco of aspects of this invention can be formed into a sheet of controlled burning characteristics. The burning rate is a function of porosity, density, moisture content and organic material. It is possible readily to control the density, moisture content and essential and optional materials in subsequent processing.
When the product is to be used as a cigar binder or wrapper leaf, it is preferred to pass the sheet material from the pressure forming machine through heated embossing rollers and emboss the sheet with the representation of a natural tobacco leaf. This can be done by photo-graphing selected leaves and engraving with such designs, so that the paper will be given the characteristic stem, veining and surface irregu-larities of a natural leaf. Preferably, the design covers the entire width and length of the sheet so that it may be cut into suitable pieces without waste.
EXAMPLE
An Example of the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco of an aspect of this invention is as follows:
_ 16 -Parts per 100 41. Pearly Everlasting (Anaphalis margaritocea) - The herb is used to provide a fragrance - lilce hickory. It is easy on the throat.
This provides a product which can also be chewed.
7. Sunflower (llelianthus spp.) - The dried leaves were ~sed to provide a good colour and fine texture. This can also provide use as cigars.
11.4985 Coltsfoot- (Tussilago farfara) and Sweetcoltsfoot (Petasites almota and spp.) - The dried and fine cut broad leaves are used.
I t provides good seasonings and is easy on the throat.
10. Sweet Clover (Melilotus spp - any of the wild clover species, up to 200 species) - The dried blossoms and leaves were used to provide flavour. It mixes well and easy on the throat and i5 good for chest troubles.
15. Bearberry - (Kinnikinnick, Arctostyphylos uva-ursi) - This dried bark is mixed with dried sumac bark, spicebush and red willow bark and/or with the fruit of the domestic crabapple. This provides good flavour and fragrance and is easy on the nerves.
2. Cubebs (Piper cubiba) - The dried unriped fruit was used to provide flavour and aroma.
3- Field mint (Mentha piperita) - The dried dry leaves before flowering were used to provide aroma and flavour.
2. Frostwort (Rock-rose, Helianthemum Canadense) - The dried herb was used to provide flavour. This is easy on the throat.
0.0005 Sage (Salvia officinalis) - The dried leaves were used to provide a spring flavour.
0.0005 Woodruff (Asperula odorata~ - The dried herb was used to provide an excellent fragrance.
0.5 Yellow melilot - (Melilotus officinalis - a member of the clover family) - The driea ~lowering herb was used to provide flavour and aroma.
0.0005 Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) - The dried aromatic leaves and dried flowering top were used to provide aroma.
1.0 Ginger (Zingiber officinale) - The use dried rootstock was used to provide a spicy flavour and aroma. This aids sore throats.
1.0 Dittany (Cunila Oreganoides a member of the mint family) -The dried blossom comes was used to provide fragrance. It can be used as chewing tobacco.
1.0 Goldenrod (Solidago spp.) - The dried flower and leaves were used to provide fragrance.
l.0 licorice ~Glycyrrhiza glabra) - The drled rootstock and dried ]eaves were used to provide flavour. This mixes well and stores well.
4.0 Angelica (Angelica alropurpured) - The dried leaves were ~sed to provide fragrance and aroma. It mixes well.
I 00 . 000 It is noted that to simulate the taste, aroma and colour of a natural tobacco product, the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco includes the above-described combination.
Thus, some of the above-mentioned classes of plants contribute to taste, aroma or colour and some have a dual function, but it has been found that the combination of all these classes iparts the characteristics of natural cured tobacco.
It has been found that these tobacco substitutes for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco have a good natural flavour and smoking characteristics siilar to tobacco without the hazardous characteristics.
Claims (5)
1. A tobacco substitute consisting essentially of:
(a) dried herb of pearly everlasting;
(b) dried leaves of sunflower;
(c) dried leaves of coltsfoot;
(d) dried blossoms and leaves of sweet clover;
(e) dried bearberry or crabapple fruit;
(f) dried unripened fruit of cubebs;
(g) dried leaves of field mint;
(h) dried herb of frostwort;
(i) dried rootstock of ginger;
(j) dried leaves of dittany;
(k) dried flowers and leaves of goldenrod;
(l) dried rootstock and leaves of licorice;
and (m) dried leaves of angelica.
(a) dried herb of pearly everlasting;
(b) dried leaves of sunflower;
(c) dried leaves of coltsfoot;
(d) dried blossoms and leaves of sweet clover;
(e) dried bearberry or crabapple fruit;
(f) dried unripened fruit of cubebs;
(g) dried leaves of field mint;
(h) dried herb of frostwort;
(i) dried rootstock of ginger;
(j) dried leaves of dittany;
(k) dried flowers and leaves of goldenrod;
(l) dried rootstock and leaves of licorice;
and (m) dried leaves of angelica.
2. The tobacco substitute of claim 1 including at least one of:
(n) dried sumac bark;
(o) dried spicebush bark;
(p) dried red willow bark;
(q) dried sage;
(r) dried herb of woodruff;
(s) dried leaves of rosemary.
(n) dried sumac bark;
(o) dried spicebush bark;
(p) dried red willow bark;
(q) dried sage;
(r) dried herb of woodruff;
(s) dried leaves of rosemary.
3. A tobacco substitute according to claim 1. consisting essen-tially of the following ingredients in parts per ]00:
41.0000 Pearly Everlasting [dried herb];
7.0000 Sunflower [dried leaves];
11.4985 Coltsfoot and Sweet,Coltsfoot [dried and fine cut broad leaves];
10.0000 Sweet Clover [dried blossoms and leaves];
15.0000 [Bearberry - dried bark in admixture with dried bark of sumac, spicebush and red willow and the fruit of domestic crabapple];
flavour, fragrance (easy on nerves) 2.0000 Cubebs [dried unriped fruit];
3-0000 Field Mint [dried leaves before flowering];
2.0000 Frostwort [dried herb];
0.0005 Sage [dried leaves];
0.0005 Woodruff [dried herb];
0.5000 Yellow Melilot [dried flowering herb];
0.0005 Rosemary [dried aromatic leaves and dried flowering top];
1.0000 Ginger [dried rootstock];
1.0000 Dittany [dried leaves before blossom];
1.0000 Goldenrod [dried flower and leaves];
1.0000 Licorice [dried rootstock and dried leaves];
4.0000 Angelica [dried leaves];
100.000
41.0000 Pearly Everlasting [dried herb];
7.0000 Sunflower [dried leaves];
11.4985 Coltsfoot and Sweet,Coltsfoot [dried and fine cut broad leaves];
10.0000 Sweet Clover [dried blossoms and leaves];
15.0000 [Bearberry - dried bark in admixture with dried bark of sumac, spicebush and red willow and the fruit of domestic crabapple];
flavour, fragrance (easy on nerves) 2.0000 Cubebs [dried unriped fruit];
3-0000 Field Mint [dried leaves before flowering];
2.0000 Frostwort [dried herb];
0.0005 Sage [dried leaves];
0.0005 Woodruff [dried herb];
0.5000 Yellow Melilot [dried flowering herb];
0.0005 Rosemary [dried aromatic leaves and dried flowering top];
1.0000 Ginger [dried rootstock];
1.0000 Dittany [dried leaves before blossom];
1.0000 Goldenrod [dried flower and leaves];
1.0000 Licorice [dried rootstock and dried leaves];
4.0000 Angelica [dried leaves];
100.000
4. The tobacco substitute of claim 3 which is soaked in an aromatic alcohol.
5. The tobacco substitute of claim 4 wherein the alcohol is rum, brandy, Scotch or rye or bourbon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000423438A CA1192108A (en) | 1983-03-11 | 1983-03-11 | Substitute tobacco product for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000423438A CA1192108A (en) | 1983-03-11 | 1983-03-11 | Substitute tobacco product for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1192108A true CA1192108A (en) | 1985-08-20 |
Family
ID=4124765
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000423438A Expired CA1192108A (en) | 1983-03-11 | 1983-03-11 | Substitute tobacco product for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1192108A (en) |
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| GR890100422A (en) * | 1989-06-29 | 1991-11-15 | Dimitrios Alexopoulos | Mint and rosemary herb cigarette |
| EP0508837A1 (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1992-10-14 | Societe Nationale D'exploitation Industrielle Des Tabacs Et Allumettes | Filter tip for tobacco smoke and other smoking materials |
| FR2677525A1 (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1992-12-18 | Durtel Holding Inc | Cigarette substitute |
| US5980904A (en) * | 1998-11-18 | 1999-11-09 | Amway Corporation | Skin whitening composition containing bearberry extract and a reducing agent |
| EP0970625A1 (en) * | 1997-09-22 | 2000-01-12 | Ohshiro Co., Ltd. | Regulator for smoking flavor of tobacco |
| EP1040765A1 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-10-04 | Firmenich Sa | Use of cubebol as a flavoring ingredient |
| EP1265503A1 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2002-12-18 | Jung-O An | Cigarettes containing gold or silver particles and manufacturing methods of the cigarette filter |
| WO2003047373A1 (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2003-06-12 | Jasenka Bukvic | Plant composition for smoking |
| ES2207419A1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-05-16 | Pablo Lozano Pareja | Natural plants based infusible smoking deterrent composition consists of chamomile liquorice ginger and clove with addition |
| ES2367753A1 (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2011-11-08 | Pablo Lozano Pareja | Aqueous solution to stop smoking. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CN102742933A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-10-24 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Application of hawthorn to cigarette |
| AU2010310406B2 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2015-08-20 | Maresins Pharma, Inc. | Herbal composition comprising ginger and goldenrod for the treatment of cold and flu |
| CN110558602A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-13 | 熊发翠 | health-care cigarette |
| CN111248489A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-09 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of scorched, sweet and scorched-aroma type cigar tobacco leaves |
| CN114052283A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-02-18 | 云南中烟新材料科技有限公司 | Abelmoschus manihot bead-blasting essence and preparation method and application thereof |
-
1983
- 1983-03-11 CA CA000423438A patent/CA1192108A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0215682A3 (en) * | 1985-09-19 | 1989-03-15 | Better Life International, Inc | Herbal chew and snuff compositions |
| EP0215682A2 (en) * | 1985-09-19 | 1987-03-25 | Better Life International, Inc | Herbal chew and snuff compositions |
| GR890100422A (en) * | 1989-06-29 | 1991-11-15 | Dimitrios Alexopoulos | Mint and rosemary herb cigarette |
| EP0508837A1 (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1992-10-14 | Societe Nationale D'exploitation Industrielle Des Tabacs Et Allumettes | Filter tip for tobacco smoke and other smoking materials |
| FR2675023A1 (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1992-10-16 | Tabacs & Allumettes Ind | FILTERING NOZZLE FOR TOBACCO SMOKE AND OTHER SMOKING MATERIAL. |
| FR2677525A1 (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1992-12-18 | Durtel Holding Inc | Cigarette substitute |
| EP0970625A4 (en) * | 1997-09-22 | 2001-08-01 | Ohshiro Co Ltd | Regulator for smoking flavor of tobacco |
| EP0970625A1 (en) * | 1997-09-22 | 2000-01-12 | Ohshiro Co., Ltd. | Regulator for smoking flavor of tobacco |
| US5980904A (en) * | 1998-11-18 | 1999-11-09 | Amway Corporation | Skin whitening composition containing bearberry extract and a reducing agent |
| US6214788B1 (en) | 1999-03-31 | 2001-04-10 | Firmenich Sa | Use of cubebol as a flavoring ingredient |
| EP1040765A1 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-10-04 | Firmenich Sa | Use of cubebol as a flavoring ingredient |
| EP1541039A1 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2005-06-15 | Firmenich Sa | Flavour composition comprising cubebol and a further refreshing agent |
| EP1265503A1 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2002-12-18 | Jung-O An | Cigarettes containing gold or silver particles and manufacturing methods of the cigarette filter |
| EP1265503A4 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2004-07-07 | Jung-O An | Cigarettes containing gold or silver particles and manufacturing methods of the cigarette filter |
| WO2003047373A1 (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2003-06-12 | Jasenka Bukvic | Plant composition for smoking |
| ES2207419A1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-05-16 | Pablo Lozano Pareja | Natural plants based infusible smoking deterrent composition consists of chamomile liquorice ginger and clove with addition |
| AU2010310406B2 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2015-08-20 | Maresins Pharma, Inc. | Herbal composition comprising ginger and goldenrod for the treatment of cold and flu |
| US9205122B2 (en) | 2009-10-22 | 2015-12-08 | Maresins Pharma, Inc. | Herbal composition comprising ginger and goldenrod for the treatment of cold and flu |
| ES2367753A1 (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2011-11-08 | Pablo Lozano Pareja | Aqueous solution to stop smoking. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CN102742933A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-10-24 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Application of hawthorn to cigarette |
| CN110558602A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-13 | 熊发翠 | health-care cigarette |
| CN111248489A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-09 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of scorched, sweet and scorched-aroma type cigar tobacco leaves |
| CN114052283A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-02-18 | 云南中烟新材料科技有限公司 | Abelmoschus manihot bead-blasting essence and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114052283B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-02-07 | 云南中烟新材料科技有限公司 | Abelmoschus manihot bead-blasting essence and preparation method and application thereof |
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