CA1207206A - Catheter having a soft, deformable tip - Google Patents
Catheter having a soft, deformable tipInfo
- Publication number
- CA1207206A CA1207206A CA000443789A CA443789A CA1207206A CA 1207206 A CA1207206 A CA 1207206A CA 000443789 A CA000443789 A CA 000443789A CA 443789 A CA443789 A CA 443789A CA 1207206 A CA1207206 A CA 1207206A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- catheter
- tip member
- tip
- distal end
- lumen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0067—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
- A61M25/0068—Static characteristics of the catheter tip, e.g. shape, atraumatic tip, curved tip or tip structure
- A61M25/0069—Tip not integral with tube
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
- A61M25/1011—Multiple balloon catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
- A61N1/056—Transvascular endocardial electrode systems
Abstract
CATHETER WITH SOFT DEFORMABLE TIP
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A catheter for insertion in a body orfice or blood vessel comprising an elongated tubular body with a soft, symmetrically deformable member on the distal end thereof for decreasing the likelihood of injury to body tissue upon the insertion and removal thereof. In one embodiment, the tip member comprises a toroidally shaped inflatable and non-distensible expandable "balloon" mounted on the end of the otherwise relatively rigid tip of the catheter. The catheter has a lumen extending the length thereof and communicating with the tip member whereby a fluid may be introduced to control the size, shape and firmness of the tip member. In a second embodiment, the soft deformable tip member comprises an annular plastic or rubber sleeve surrounding the otherwise rigid tip of the catheter and normally extending there beyond by a predetermined distance. The thickness or composition of the sleeve is varied about a circumferential ring so as to provide a preferred location for the collapse of the sleeve.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A catheter for insertion in a body orfice or blood vessel comprising an elongated tubular body with a soft, symmetrically deformable member on the distal end thereof for decreasing the likelihood of injury to body tissue upon the insertion and removal thereof. In one embodiment, the tip member comprises a toroidally shaped inflatable and non-distensible expandable "balloon" mounted on the end of the otherwise relatively rigid tip of the catheter. The catheter has a lumen extending the length thereof and communicating with the tip member whereby a fluid may be introduced to control the size, shape and firmness of the tip member. In a second embodiment, the soft deformable tip member comprises an annular plastic or rubber sleeve surrounding the otherwise rigid tip of the catheter and normally extending there beyond by a predetermined distance. The thickness or composition of the sleeve is varied about a circumferential ring so as to provide a preferred location for the collapse of the sleeve.
Description
~L2~
CATI IETER WITH SOF r DF FORMABLE TIP
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention:
This invention relates generally catheter structures adapted to be introduced into a living body, and more specifically to the design of a catheter which may be introduced and routed through the vascular system of a patient with a minimum of damage or trauma to endothelial tissue.
im r f Present day surgical procedures permi t the introduction of tubular catheters into the vascular system of a body. For example, angiographic catheters are commonly introduced into the femoral artery and routed through the arterial system and to the coronary ostium so that radiopaque contrast or medicaments may be injected as part of a diagnostic or treatment procedure. Typically9 such c;dtheters comprise elongated, 1~xible plastic tubes of a predetermined small diameter significantly less than the cross section of the vessels through which the catheter must pass.
Other f orms of catheters which the present invention may f ind use are those associated with cardiac pacemakers. Here, the catheter takes the form of a pacing lead which is typically made to pass through the subclavian vein and through the superior vena cava into the right ventrical of the heart. Here, the catheter takes the form of a flexible sheath surrounding elongated conductors which terminate at the distal end in one or more surface electrodes adapted to contact endocardial heart tissue.
Prior art, angiographic and other diagnostic catheters as well as cardiac pacing leads are generally formed from polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene or silicone rubber or other non-thrombogenic material. So that they may be passed through the vascular system without folding or buckling, they must possess a wall thickness and a hardness which is capable of damaging vascular tissue, especially where the distal tip of the catheter is blunt or possessed of a sharp edge. While perhaps rare, there
CATI IETER WITH SOF r DF FORMABLE TIP
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention:
This invention relates generally catheter structures adapted to be introduced into a living body, and more specifically to the design of a catheter which may be introduced and routed through the vascular system of a patient with a minimum of damage or trauma to endothelial tissue.
im r f Present day surgical procedures permi t the introduction of tubular catheters into the vascular system of a body. For example, angiographic catheters are commonly introduced into the femoral artery and routed through the arterial system and to the coronary ostium so that radiopaque contrast or medicaments may be injected as part of a diagnostic or treatment procedure. Typically9 such c;dtheters comprise elongated, 1~xible plastic tubes of a predetermined small diameter significantly less than the cross section of the vessels through which the catheter must pass.
Other f orms of catheters which the present invention may f ind use are those associated with cardiac pacemakers. Here, the catheter takes the form of a pacing lead which is typically made to pass through the subclavian vein and through the superior vena cava into the right ventrical of the heart. Here, the catheter takes the form of a flexible sheath surrounding elongated conductors which terminate at the distal end in one or more surface electrodes adapted to contact endocardial heart tissue.
Prior art, angiographic and other diagnostic catheters as well as cardiac pacing leads are generally formed from polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene or silicone rubber or other non-thrombogenic material. So that they may be passed through the vascular system without folding or buckling, they must possess a wall thickness and a hardness which is capable of damaging vascular tissue, especially where the distal tip of the catheter is blunt or possessed of a sharp edge. While perhaps rare, there
2~6 have been instances where small diameter catheters having sharp edged tips have been advanced through the wall of the aorta, resulting in the death of the patient.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention obviates the above described problems inherent in certain prior art catheters through the inclusion of a soft, deformable member attached to the distal tip of the catheter. In one embodiment, the deformable tip member comprises an annular inflatable flexible, non-distensible "balloon" element attached to the distal end of the otherwise relatively rigid tip of the catheter. In this arrangement, the catheter itself is provided with a lumen extending substantially the entire length of the catheter and communicating with the deformable tip member whereby a fluid may be introduced to control the size, shape and firmness of the tip portion of the catheter. By selectively inflating the balloon tip, the effective area of the tip can be increased to reduce the overall force per unit area at the point of contact between the tip of the catheter and a bloocl vessel.
In a second embodiment, the soft deformable tip member comprises an annular plastic or rubber sleeve surrounding the otherwise rigid tip of the catheter and normally extending therebeyond by a predetermined distance. The thickness or composition of the sleeve is altered about a circumferential line so as to prs)vide a preferred location for the folding and collapse of the sleeve as the terminal end of the sleeve is forced against body tissues. When the sleeve is made to collapse, the effective area of contact between the deformable tip and the body tissue increases to again reduce the pressure or force per unit area applied to the tissue.
OBJECTS
It is accordingly a principal object of the present invention to provide a new and improved catheter arrangement for medical applications.
~2~
Another object of the invention is to provide a catheter with a soft, deformable tip to thereby reduce the likelihood of damage to vascular tissue as the ca theter is introduced and routed through the vascular system.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a catheter with an inflatable tip member whereby the shape and firrnness of the distal end of the catheter can be controlled through the introduction of a fluid at the proximal end of the catheter.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a catheter with a soft9 deEormable tip in the form of a sleeve member of a predetermined wall thickness profile such that the deformable tip member will collapse in a predictable manner to effectively increase the overall area of contact between the distal tip and body tissue which it contacts.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skillecl in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, especially when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like numerals in the several views referred to corresponding parts.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure I shows the distal tip portion of a conventional, prior art angiographic or diagnostic catheter;
Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of a catheter having an inflatable tip secured thereto;
Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of a catheter having an inflatable, non-distensible tip and an elastomeric band or sleeve in fluid communication therewith;
Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of an angiographic catheter having a collapsable sleeve as its distal tip, the sleeve being illustrated in its uncompressed state;
Figure 5 is a partial cross sectional view of Figure 4 illustrating the sleeve in its collapsed state; and Figure 6 is a partial cross sectional view of an alternative arrangement of a deformable tip on a catheter.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring first to Figure 1, there is illustrated a longitudinal cross section of the distal end portion of a typical, prior art angiographic catheter. l is seen as cornprising a predetermined length of flexible plastic tubing 10 having a central lumen 11 extending the length of the catheter thereof from its proximal end (not shown) to its distal end 12. The lumen 11 is provided so that angiographic dyes or other medicaments may be introduced into the catheter at its proximal end located outside the body and made to flow through the lumen to a predetermined site within the body at which the distal end 12 of the catheter is positioned.
It is to be especially noted that the distal tip 12 of the prior art catheter of Figure I terminates in an abrupt edge 13 which is relatively sharp and, depending upon the type of material usecl for the body of the catheter 10 may possess sufficient rigidity to cause damage to vascular tissue, especially the endotheliel layer ~unica intirna) lining the blood vessels as the catheter is routed through the vascular system.
To obviate this problem, in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 2, the catheter body 10 .s provided with a double lumen, namely the lumen 11 for allowing the flow of angiographic dyes or other fluids and a further lumen 14 which also runs the entire length of the catheter. Secured to the distal tip of the catheter body is a flexible, non-distensible inflatable "balloon" member 15 which, in its expanded Norm, has the general shape of a toroid. The lumen 14 is arranged to communicate with the interior of the torus comprising the tip 15 while the lumen 11 communicates with the central opening 17 of that toroid. While fluid introduced into the lumen 11 at the proximal end of the catheter may ultimately be made to flow outwardly through the opening 17 of the soft, flexible tip 15, fluid introduced into the lumen 14 flows into the annular ~21r~7;~6 chamber 16 causing the tip rnember Jo become inflated. The tip member 15 is preferably formed from a bioaxially oriented or cross~linked polyolefin film and may have a thickness in the range of from 0.001 to 0.0025 inchesO
As such, when unflated or evacuated, it lacks rigidity and wraps about and conforms approximately to the shape of the end portion of the catheter body 10. However, once properly pressurized, it expands so as to increase the desired effective area of contact between the end of the catheter and any body tissue which it may abut as it is being routed or positioned within the body. The degree of inflation, of course, determines the degree of softness or deformability of the tip. Thus, the physician has considerable control over the tip properties of the catheter so that tissue damage will be rninimized.
The $oroidal balloon member 15 is preferably molded separate and apart from the catheter body 10 and then affixed thereto by thermal or chemical bonding but may be a cavity formed in the walls of the distal end of the catheter which, when filled with a fluid under pressure, causes the wall of the catheter itself to bulge.
Figure 3 illustrates an alternative forrn of the embodiment of Figure 2 which has been modified to incorporate a distensible elastomeric sleeve l8 for controlling the internal pressure of the non-extensible tip member 15. The distensible elastomeric sleeve 18 may be positioned at any point along the length of the catheter body 10 and, in fact, may be disposed at the extreme proximal end of the catheter at a location which remains outside of the body following its insertion in routing. The elastomeric sleeve is preferably disposed within a ring-like recess formed in the outside surface of the catheter body 10 and is suitably bonded in a fluid-tight fashion to the catheter body at its end edges thereof as indicated by numerals 19 and 20, respectively. A radial bore 21 extends from the recess surface of the catheter body to the secondary lumen l The radiai bore 21, as well as the portion of the lumen 14 distally thereof, and the chamber 16 of the deformable tip lS are filled with an incompressible fluid, and a suitable plug 22 is disposed within the lumen 14 at a point proximal of the radial bore 21.
When a force is applied to the tip member 15 in figure 3, the internal pressure of this tip member is increased causing bulging (inflation) of the elastomeric sleeve member 18 and a corresponding deflation of the tip mernber 15. The degree of deflation is, of course proportional to the force exerted on it which, in turn, is a function of the "stiffness" oE the elastomeric sleeve 18. A decrease in the volume in the tip member results in an increase in the area of contact between it and any mating surface against which it is forced.
Y~hen the sleeve 18 is located at a point external to the body, it may be suitably coupled to a transducer which will directly indicate the fluid pressure within the system causing it to expand.
With continued attention being directed to the tip member 15 in Figure 3, it has been found expeclient to incorporate a heavier toroidal ring as at 23 to define the annular opening 17. This ring has an outside diameter which is no greater than the internal diameter of any introducer through which the catheter must be passed during implantation. Using this construction, the tip member 15 will conform to a lurnen smaller than the fully extended diameter of the tip member 15 because, as the force bearing on the wall increases, the internal presssure in the tip member will decrease due to the expansion of the elastomeric sleeve 18.
In practice9 the lumen 14 may have a diameter in the range of from 0.002 inches to 0.004 inches extending from the tip member 15 through and including the radial side port 21. The lumen 14 may be continued to the proximal end of the catheter where the elastomeric sleeve 18 and its included side port 21 may be disposed.
As with the embodiment of Figure 2, the tip mernber 15 is preferably formed from a non-extensible polyolefin film and may have a 7~:~6 thickness range from 0.001 inch to 0.0025 inch. These dimensions and materials are set forth herein for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as necessarily limiting the scope of the invention.
Referring next to Figure 4, there is shown an alternative preferred embodiment of a catheter having a soft, deformable distal tip member affixed thereto. As viewed in Figure 4, this tip member comprises a tubular sleeve 24 which surrounds and fits by means s)f a lap joint at the distal end of the catheter body 10 and the sleeve 24 extends beyond the distal end thereof by a predetermined length. Rather than being of a constant thickness, the walls of the flexible plastic sleeve 24 are shaped so that when the extreme tip or end 25 thereof is pushed against a stationary object with a predetermined low force, the tip will collapse to yield the configuration shown in Figure 5. More specifically, the wall thickness of the portion of the tip member 24 extending beyond the end of the catheter 10 is generally constant but at the location identified by numeral 27 is relieved about an annular line, i.e., made to be of a lesser thickness, so as to fold about that circumferential line as a hinge Likewise, the soft, compressible tip member 24 folds along the outside periphery of the end of the catheter as at 28 like a hinge. Instead of reducing the sleeve wall thickness to create a preferential hinge or fold line, it is also possible to achieve the desired folding pattern by having a discontinuity in the sleeve material so as to have a different (lower) stiffness than the adjacent material .
By properly choosing the durometer of the plastic material comprising the soft collapsible tip 24, it will posses a "memory" property so that when the tip is no longer compressed against a stationary object, it will again snap back to the shape illustrated in Figure l It has also been found expedient to increse the amount of material surrounding the central opening 29 in the tip as at 30. This increase in material defines a ring which stablizes and strengthens the opening preventing it from sagging.
~2~7;~
With reference to Figure 5, it can be seen that when the tip member collapses, the effective area of contact between it and the object against which it is pressed is increased to thereby decrease the effective pressure exerted by the catheter structure against that tissue.
With no limitation intended and for illustrative purposes only, the lumen of the catheter may have a diameter of 0.0~5 inches and a wall thickness of 0.0085 inches at its distal end. The soft tip member 24 in Figures 4 and 5 is preferably about 0.005 inches thick but reducing Jo about 0.004 inches thick about the circular hinge line 27. When in its undeformed state, the distal end may exhibit a cross-sectional area of about 0.0012 square inches and, when collapsed as in Figure 5, an area of 0.00~1 square inches, representing a 3.41 times increase in area.
Figure 6 illustrates a still further embodiment in which the catheter is Eitted at its distal end with a tubular cylindrical tip member 31 fabricated from silastic or some other soft, deformable plastic material.
When forces against an obstacle, the soft plastic tip will deform by spreading and bending to present an increased area of contact with respect to this obstacle.
The invention has been described herein in considerable detail, in order to comply with the Patent Statutes and to provide those skilled in the art with information needed to apply the novel principles, and to construct and use such specialized components as are required. However, it is to be understood that the invention can be carried out by specifically different equipment and devices, and at various modifications, both as to equipment details and operating procedures can be effected without departing from the scope of the invention itself. What is claimed is:
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention obviates the above described problems inherent in certain prior art catheters through the inclusion of a soft, deformable member attached to the distal tip of the catheter. In one embodiment, the deformable tip member comprises an annular inflatable flexible, non-distensible "balloon" element attached to the distal end of the otherwise relatively rigid tip of the catheter. In this arrangement, the catheter itself is provided with a lumen extending substantially the entire length of the catheter and communicating with the deformable tip member whereby a fluid may be introduced to control the size, shape and firmness of the tip portion of the catheter. By selectively inflating the balloon tip, the effective area of the tip can be increased to reduce the overall force per unit area at the point of contact between the tip of the catheter and a bloocl vessel.
In a second embodiment, the soft deformable tip member comprises an annular plastic or rubber sleeve surrounding the otherwise rigid tip of the catheter and normally extending therebeyond by a predetermined distance. The thickness or composition of the sleeve is altered about a circumferential line so as to prs)vide a preferred location for the folding and collapse of the sleeve as the terminal end of the sleeve is forced against body tissues. When the sleeve is made to collapse, the effective area of contact between the deformable tip and the body tissue increases to again reduce the pressure or force per unit area applied to the tissue.
OBJECTS
It is accordingly a principal object of the present invention to provide a new and improved catheter arrangement for medical applications.
~2~
Another object of the invention is to provide a catheter with a soft, deformable tip to thereby reduce the likelihood of damage to vascular tissue as the ca theter is introduced and routed through the vascular system.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a catheter with an inflatable tip member whereby the shape and firrnness of the distal end of the catheter can be controlled through the introduction of a fluid at the proximal end of the catheter.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a catheter with a soft9 deEormable tip in the form of a sleeve member of a predetermined wall thickness profile such that the deformable tip member will collapse in a predictable manner to effectively increase the overall area of contact between the distal tip and body tissue which it contacts.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skillecl in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, especially when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like numerals in the several views referred to corresponding parts.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure I shows the distal tip portion of a conventional, prior art angiographic or diagnostic catheter;
Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of a catheter having an inflatable tip secured thereto;
Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of a catheter having an inflatable, non-distensible tip and an elastomeric band or sleeve in fluid communication therewith;
Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of an angiographic catheter having a collapsable sleeve as its distal tip, the sleeve being illustrated in its uncompressed state;
Figure 5 is a partial cross sectional view of Figure 4 illustrating the sleeve in its collapsed state; and Figure 6 is a partial cross sectional view of an alternative arrangement of a deformable tip on a catheter.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring first to Figure 1, there is illustrated a longitudinal cross section of the distal end portion of a typical, prior art angiographic catheter. l is seen as cornprising a predetermined length of flexible plastic tubing 10 having a central lumen 11 extending the length of the catheter thereof from its proximal end (not shown) to its distal end 12. The lumen 11 is provided so that angiographic dyes or other medicaments may be introduced into the catheter at its proximal end located outside the body and made to flow through the lumen to a predetermined site within the body at which the distal end 12 of the catheter is positioned.
It is to be especially noted that the distal tip 12 of the prior art catheter of Figure I terminates in an abrupt edge 13 which is relatively sharp and, depending upon the type of material usecl for the body of the catheter 10 may possess sufficient rigidity to cause damage to vascular tissue, especially the endotheliel layer ~unica intirna) lining the blood vessels as the catheter is routed through the vascular system.
To obviate this problem, in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 2, the catheter body 10 .s provided with a double lumen, namely the lumen 11 for allowing the flow of angiographic dyes or other fluids and a further lumen 14 which also runs the entire length of the catheter. Secured to the distal tip of the catheter body is a flexible, non-distensible inflatable "balloon" member 15 which, in its expanded Norm, has the general shape of a toroid. The lumen 14 is arranged to communicate with the interior of the torus comprising the tip 15 while the lumen 11 communicates with the central opening 17 of that toroid. While fluid introduced into the lumen 11 at the proximal end of the catheter may ultimately be made to flow outwardly through the opening 17 of the soft, flexible tip 15, fluid introduced into the lumen 14 flows into the annular ~21r~7;~6 chamber 16 causing the tip rnember Jo become inflated. The tip member 15 is preferably formed from a bioaxially oriented or cross~linked polyolefin film and may have a thickness in the range of from 0.001 to 0.0025 inchesO
As such, when unflated or evacuated, it lacks rigidity and wraps about and conforms approximately to the shape of the end portion of the catheter body 10. However, once properly pressurized, it expands so as to increase the desired effective area of contact between the end of the catheter and any body tissue which it may abut as it is being routed or positioned within the body. The degree of inflation, of course, determines the degree of softness or deformability of the tip. Thus, the physician has considerable control over the tip properties of the catheter so that tissue damage will be rninimized.
The $oroidal balloon member 15 is preferably molded separate and apart from the catheter body 10 and then affixed thereto by thermal or chemical bonding but may be a cavity formed in the walls of the distal end of the catheter which, when filled with a fluid under pressure, causes the wall of the catheter itself to bulge.
Figure 3 illustrates an alternative forrn of the embodiment of Figure 2 which has been modified to incorporate a distensible elastomeric sleeve l8 for controlling the internal pressure of the non-extensible tip member 15. The distensible elastomeric sleeve 18 may be positioned at any point along the length of the catheter body 10 and, in fact, may be disposed at the extreme proximal end of the catheter at a location which remains outside of the body following its insertion in routing. The elastomeric sleeve is preferably disposed within a ring-like recess formed in the outside surface of the catheter body 10 and is suitably bonded in a fluid-tight fashion to the catheter body at its end edges thereof as indicated by numerals 19 and 20, respectively. A radial bore 21 extends from the recess surface of the catheter body to the secondary lumen l The radiai bore 21, as well as the portion of the lumen 14 distally thereof, and the chamber 16 of the deformable tip lS are filled with an incompressible fluid, and a suitable plug 22 is disposed within the lumen 14 at a point proximal of the radial bore 21.
When a force is applied to the tip member 15 in figure 3, the internal pressure of this tip member is increased causing bulging (inflation) of the elastomeric sleeve member 18 and a corresponding deflation of the tip mernber 15. The degree of deflation is, of course proportional to the force exerted on it which, in turn, is a function of the "stiffness" oE the elastomeric sleeve 18. A decrease in the volume in the tip member results in an increase in the area of contact between it and any mating surface against which it is forced.
Y~hen the sleeve 18 is located at a point external to the body, it may be suitably coupled to a transducer which will directly indicate the fluid pressure within the system causing it to expand.
With continued attention being directed to the tip member 15 in Figure 3, it has been found expeclient to incorporate a heavier toroidal ring as at 23 to define the annular opening 17. This ring has an outside diameter which is no greater than the internal diameter of any introducer through which the catheter must be passed during implantation. Using this construction, the tip member 15 will conform to a lurnen smaller than the fully extended diameter of the tip member 15 because, as the force bearing on the wall increases, the internal presssure in the tip member will decrease due to the expansion of the elastomeric sleeve 18.
In practice9 the lumen 14 may have a diameter in the range of from 0.002 inches to 0.004 inches extending from the tip member 15 through and including the radial side port 21. The lumen 14 may be continued to the proximal end of the catheter where the elastomeric sleeve 18 and its included side port 21 may be disposed.
As with the embodiment of Figure 2, the tip mernber 15 is preferably formed from a non-extensible polyolefin film and may have a 7~:~6 thickness range from 0.001 inch to 0.0025 inch. These dimensions and materials are set forth herein for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as necessarily limiting the scope of the invention.
Referring next to Figure 4, there is shown an alternative preferred embodiment of a catheter having a soft, deformable distal tip member affixed thereto. As viewed in Figure 4, this tip member comprises a tubular sleeve 24 which surrounds and fits by means s)f a lap joint at the distal end of the catheter body 10 and the sleeve 24 extends beyond the distal end thereof by a predetermined length. Rather than being of a constant thickness, the walls of the flexible plastic sleeve 24 are shaped so that when the extreme tip or end 25 thereof is pushed against a stationary object with a predetermined low force, the tip will collapse to yield the configuration shown in Figure 5. More specifically, the wall thickness of the portion of the tip member 24 extending beyond the end of the catheter 10 is generally constant but at the location identified by numeral 27 is relieved about an annular line, i.e., made to be of a lesser thickness, so as to fold about that circumferential line as a hinge Likewise, the soft, compressible tip member 24 folds along the outside periphery of the end of the catheter as at 28 like a hinge. Instead of reducing the sleeve wall thickness to create a preferential hinge or fold line, it is also possible to achieve the desired folding pattern by having a discontinuity in the sleeve material so as to have a different (lower) stiffness than the adjacent material .
By properly choosing the durometer of the plastic material comprising the soft collapsible tip 24, it will posses a "memory" property so that when the tip is no longer compressed against a stationary object, it will again snap back to the shape illustrated in Figure l It has also been found expedient to increse the amount of material surrounding the central opening 29 in the tip as at 30. This increase in material defines a ring which stablizes and strengthens the opening preventing it from sagging.
~2~7;~
With reference to Figure 5, it can be seen that when the tip member collapses, the effective area of contact between it and the object against which it is pressed is increased to thereby decrease the effective pressure exerted by the catheter structure against that tissue.
With no limitation intended and for illustrative purposes only, the lumen of the catheter may have a diameter of 0.0~5 inches and a wall thickness of 0.0085 inches at its distal end. The soft tip member 24 in Figures 4 and 5 is preferably about 0.005 inches thick but reducing Jo about 0.004 inches thick about the circular hinge line 27. When in its undeformed state, the distal end may exhibit a cross-sectional area of about 0.0012 square inches and, when collapsed as in Figure 5, an area of 0.00~1 square inches, representing a 3.41 times increase in area.
Figure 6 illustrates a still further embodiment in which the catheter is Eitted at its distal end with a tubular cylindrical tip member 31 fabricated from silastic or some other soft, deformable plastic material.
When forces against an obstacle, the soft plastic tip will deform by spreading and bending to present an increased area of contact with respect to this obstacle.
The invention has been described herein in considerable detail, in order to comply with the Patent Statutes and to provide those skilled in the art with information needed to apply the novel principles, and to construct and use such specialized components as are required. However, it is to be understood that the invention can be carried out by specifically different equipment and devices, and at various modifications, both as to equipment details and operating procedures can be effected without departing from the scope of the invention itself. What is claimed is:
Claims (13)
1. A cathether comprising:
(a) an elongated flexible tubular member having at least one lumen extending the length thereof; and (b) a soft, annular deformable tip member affixed to the distal end of said catheter, said tip member including a circumferential preferential fold line located sufficiently close to the distal end of said tip member to allow collapse of said tip member along said preferential fold line upon being pressed against a relatively stationary surface without occluding said lumen.
(a) an elongated flexible tubular member having at least one lumen extending the length thereof; and (b) a soft, annular deformable tip member affixed to the distal end of said catheter, said tip member including a circumferential preferential fold line located sufficiently close to the distal end of said tip member to allow collapse of said tip member along said preferential fold line upon being pressed against a relatively stationary surface without occluding said lumen.
2. The catheter as in claim 1, wherein said tip member comprises:
(a) a -flexible, non-distensible, hollow fluid im-pervious container, the interior of said container being in fluid communication with a lumen in said tubular member.
(a) a -flexible, non-distensible, hollow fluid im-pervious container, the interior of said container being in fluid communication with a lumen in said tubular member.
3. The catheter as in claim 2, wherein said container is toroidal in shape.
4. The catheter as in claim 1, wherein said deformable tip member surrounds the distal end of said catheter.
5. The catheter as in claim 2, wherein said tip member is formed from a non-extensible polyolefin plastic film material.
6. The catheter as in claim 3, and further including a flexible plastic toroidal reinforcing ring disposed within the annular opening of said toroidal container.
7. The catheter as in claim 1, wherein said deformable tip member comprises:
(a) a flexible tubular sleeve member affixed to the distal end portion of said catheter and extending therebeyond for a predetermined distance, said flexible sleeve member having an annular zone defining said preferential fold line and located in the portion thereof extending beyond said distal end of said catheter.
(a) a flexible tubular sleeve member affixed to the distal end portion of said catheter and extending therebeyond for a predetermined distance, said flexible sleeve member having an annular zone defining said preferential fold line and located in the portion thereof extending beyond said distal end of said catheter.
8. The catheter as in Claim 7 wherein said deformable tip member has an opening in said end of said tip member.
9. The catheter as in Claim 8 wherein said opening is defined by an integrally formed reinforcing ring.
10. The catheter as in Claim 7 wherein said tip member is formed from polyurethane.
11. The catheter as in Claim 2 and further including:
(a) a distensible segment sealingly affixed about its perimeter to said flexible tubular member at a location proximal of said tip member; and (b) a radial side port formed through the wall of said tubular member beneath said distensible segment, said side port communicating with said lumen.
(a) a distensible segment sealingly affixed about its perimeter to said flexible tubular member at a location proximal of said tip member; and (b) a radial side port formed through the wall of said tubular member beneath said distensible segment, said side port communicating with said lumen.
12. The catheter as in Claim 11 wherein said distensible segment comprises:
a) an elastomeric band surrounding said tubular member and covering said side port.
a) an elastomeric band surrounding said tubular member and covering said side port.
13. The catheter as in Claim 7 wherein the outer diameter of said sleeve member is the same as that of said elongated flexible tubular member.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US520,996 | 1983-08-08 | ||
US06/520,996 US4531943A (en) | 1983-08-08 | 1983-08-08 | Catheter with soft deformable tip |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1207206A true CA1207206A (en) | 1986-07-08 |
Family
ID=24074909
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA000443789A Expired CA1207206A (en) | 1983-08-08 | 1983-12-20 | Catheter having a soft, deformable tip |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4531943A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6040069A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1207206A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3341850A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK166129C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2550454B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2144635B (en) |
IT (1) | IT1171896B (en) |
NL (1) | NL187049C (en) |
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US4213461A (en) * | 1977-09-15 | 1980-07-22 | Pevsner Paul H | Miniature balloon catheter |
US4160448A (en) * | 1977-05-23 | 1979-07-10 | Jackson Richard R | Blood pressure measuring catheter |
JPS6051913B2 (en) * | 1977-11-04 | 1985-11-16 | オリンパス光学工業株式会社 | balloon catheter |
CA1135140A (en) * | 1978-03-07 | 1982-11-09 | Kiyoshi Asai | Catheter placement system |
US4280500A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1981-07-28 | Kazuaki Ono | Tubular flexible medical instrument |
DE2818119A1 (en) * | 1978-04-25 | 1979-11-08 | Reinhold Grundke | Bladder catheter - with double-walled end inflatable to funnel after insertion |
US4207900A (en) * | 1978-07-03 | 1980-06-17 | The Kendall Company | Insert molded catheter and method |
JPS5550369A (en) * | 1978-10-06 | 1980-04-12 | Kuraray Co | Balloon catheter |
US4301803A (en) * | 1978-10-06 | 1981-11-24 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Balloon catheter |
US4350169A (en) * | 1979-01-05 | 1982-09-21 | Medtronic, Inc. | Flexible tip stiffening stylet for use with body implantable lead |
US4254774A (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1981-03-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health, Education And Welfare | Balloon catheter and technique for the manufacture thereof |
US4239042A (en) * | 1979-04-05 | 1980-12-16 | Dow Corning K.K. | Catheter placement system |
US4385635A (en) * | 1980-04-25 | 1983-05-31 | Ruiz Oscar F | Angiographic catheter with soft tip end |
US4419095A (en) * | 1980-05-14 | 1983-12-06 | Shiley, Inc. | Cannula with radiopaque tip |
JPS587263A (en) * | 1981-07-03 | 1983-01-17 | 水上 公宏 | Balloon for introduction of vessel |
CA1191064A (en) * | 1981-12-31 | 1985-07-30 | Bard (C. R.), Inc. | Catheter with selectively rigidified portion |
US4446867A (en) * | 1981-12-31 | 1984-05-08 | Leveen Robert F | Fluid-driven balloon catheter for intima fracture |
US4665604A (en) * | 1982-02-16 | 1987-05-19 | Cordis Corporation | Non-fused torque control catheter |
-
1983
- 1983-08-08 US US06/520,996 patent/US4531943A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-11-11 JP JP58212297A patent/JPS6040069A/en active Granted
- 1983-11-14 GB GB08330312A patent/GB2144635B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-11-16 NL NLAANVRAGE8303940,A patent/NL187049C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-11-19 DE DE19833341850 patent/DE3341850A1/en active Granted
- 1983-11-30 FR FR8319124A patent/FR2550454B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-16 DK DK583083A patent/DK166129C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-12-20 CA CA000443789A patent/CA1207206A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-27 IT IT8349583A patent/IT1171896B/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4531943A (en) | 1985-07-30 |
IT8349583A0 (en) | 1983-12-27 |
GB2144635B (en) | 1987-04-23 |
DK583083A (en) | 1985-02-09 |
DE3341850A1 (en) | 1985-02-28 |
FR2550454A1 (en) | 1985-02-15 |
GB2144635A (en) | 1985-03-13 |
IT1171896B (en) | 1987-06-10 |
NL8303940A (en) | 1985-03-01 |
JPS6040069A (en) | 1985-03-02 |
DK166129C (en) | 1993-08-09 |
FR2550454B1 (en) | 1988-07-15 |
GB8330312D0 (en) | 1983-12-21 |
NL187049C (en) | 1991-05-16 |
DK166129B (en) | 1993-03-15 |
DE3341850C2 (en) | 1990-08-09 |
DK583083D0 (en) | 1983-12-16 |
JPH0128588B2 (en) | 1989-06-05 |
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Legal Events
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MKEX | Expiry |