CA1224992A - Device for administering medicament to patients - Google Patents

Device for administering medicament to patients

Info

Publication number
CA1224992A
CA1224992A CA000438678A CA438678A CA1224992A CA 1224992 A CA1224992 A CA 1224992A CA 000438678 A CA000438678 A CA 000438678A CA 438678 A CA438678 A CA 438678A CA 1224992 A CA1224992 A CA 1224992A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
chamber
support
outlet
medicament
plunger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA000438678A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert E. Newell
Robert A. Fitzsimmons
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Glaxo Group Ltd
Original Assignee
Glaxo Group Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB838314307A external-priority patent/GB8314307D0/en
Application filed by Glaxo Group Ltd filed Critical Glaxo Group Ltd
Priority to CA000509193A priority Critical patent/CA1236736A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1224992A publication Critical patent/CA1224992A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M13/00—Insufflators for therapeutic or disinfectant purposes, i.e. devices for blowing a gas, powder or vapour into the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/0045—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
    • A61M15/0003—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof with means for dispensing more than one drug
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/003—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using capsules, e.g. to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/0033—Details of the piercing or cutting means
    • A61M15/0035—Piercing means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/60—General characteristics of the apparatus with identification means
    • A61M2205/6063—Optical identification systems
    • A61M2205/6081—Colour codes

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)

Abstract

A B S T R A C T

A device for administering medicaments to patients comprises a housing containing a cylindrical chamber.
A support is arranged inside the chamber to support a carrier, such as a blister pack. The blister pack has a plurality of containers or blisters arranged in a circle.
When a blister pack is located on the support its blisters are located in holes in the support member. A plunger is arranged to enter the chamber through a hole to engage and open a blister registered with it. When the blister is opened, medicament can be withdrawn by a patient inhaling through a mouthpiece, An external member is provided to rotate the support member to register the blister with the plunger in turn. Air can conveniently enter the chamber through a hole in a cover which is removable to permit blister packs to be loaded into the chamber onto the support member.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
_ .
This invention relates to devices by which a medica-ment can be administered to or by pa~ients lnhaling through the devices. The medicaments may be ln solid finely divided form or fluid fonm. Such devices are now quite well known for administering medicaments cont~ined in capsules to patients suffering from bronchial conditions such as, for example, bronchlal asthma. It is well known or medicament in powder or other finely divided form to ~L~2~9~;~
~ 3 _ be supplied in capsules which are loaded by a patient into such a device which is sometimes called an "insufflator".
The medicament is then released from the capsule and lnhaled by the patient, usually through the mouth, but sometimes through the nose.
The specification of PCT Application Publication No.
W082/01470 and U.K. Patent Specification No. 13a7954 both describe devices for dispensing medicament in finely divided form from capsules. In each of these previously described devices, the capsules are mounted on a rotatable support member on which each capsule in turn can be brought to a position ln which it is opened to enable medicament to exit from the capsule to permit it to be inhaled by a patient inhaling through a mouthpiece of the device. In the device described in U.K. Specification No. 1387954, the capsules may be mounted in a so-called blister pack.
There are disadvantages in the use of capsules, which are made of gelatin, to contain medicaments. Gelatin is relatively unstable and is lacking in physical strength so that the capsules need to be protected by packaging, for example in glass bottles. Environmental degradation of both the capsules and their contents may occur in a relatively short time.
An object of the present invention is to provide a more convenient way of administering medicament to such patients than has been possible hitherto and which avoids the need to pack medicaments in capsules. The device of the present invention makes use of the technique of packing medicaments by loading them in blister packs, that is to say, packs comprising a sheet, which may be lamina-ted of foil or plastics material which acts as a carrier and which is provided with a number of breakable or openable containers called "blisters" incorporating a sheet secured on a first sheet to form a cover or lid. Such blister packs are in common use with tablets of one klnd or another, but we have discovered that they can also be used with medicaments in finely divided solid form or in liquid form.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention a devlce for administering medicaments to patients comprises a housing with a chamber therein; an air inlet into the chamber; a support inside the chamber arranged to support a carrier provided with.a container for medicament or a plurality of containers arranged in a circle; a plunger operable to engage a container registered the.rewith to open the container in such a way that air heing inhale~1 by a patient will cause the medicament to be released therefrom; means for rotating a carrler on the support to register the container, or each of them in turn, with the plunger; and communicating with the interior of the chamber, an outlet through which a patient can inhale whereby medicament will be released from a container and entrained in the air flow produced by the patient so as to pass through the outlet. The outlet is conveniently but not essentially a mouthpiece by which a patient can inhale.
The device of the invention is suitable for administering a variety of medicaments such as, for example, salbutamol, beclomethasone dipropionate and disodium cromoglycate~
BRIEF D_SCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a device according to one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 2 is a detailed view of a plunger device of the same device;
Figure 3 is an elevation of another embodiment of the invention;
Figure 4 is an exploded view of the embodimenk illustrated in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is a perspective view of yet another embodiment of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, a medical administration device comprises a shallow cylindrical housing 1 of a plastics material which has a cylindrical chamber 2 therein. The chamber is closed 9~2 at one end 3, herein considered the bottom of the chamber, and a removable cover 4 is a close fit over the chamber at the other end.
A mouthpiece outlet 5 projects outwardly from the cylindrical wall of the housing 1 and communicates with the interior of the chamber 2. A perforated guard not shown, is provided in the mouthpiece to prevent any solid particlss of an undesirably large size being inhaled by a patient inhaling through the mouthpiece.
A rim or shoulder 6 runs round the inside wall of the chamber 2 to provide an annular support on which a blister pack 7 may be located.
The blister pack 7 can conveniently be a foil laminate with a plurality of frangible contalners or ~Iblisters~ 8 arranged in a circle. The blisters 8 are filled with medicament in particulate form, having a particle size in the range of 0.5 - 10 microns. The medicament may be with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as lactose or starch in particulate form. Alternatively, the medicament - . -may be in liquid form. The blister pack is of circular disc form, and is removably fitted inside the chamber so that it is replaceable when the individual doses of medicament contained in the blisters have been discharged.
The chamber 2 contains a central open cylindrical support column 9 upstanding from the bottom wall 3 of the chamber. A clamp disc member 10 is removably fitted inside the chamber 2 and has on its underside a plurality of locating pegs, not shown, which engage inside the support column. The clamp member 10 is rotatable inside the chamber. In use, the clamp member is placed on top of a blister pack 7 which has already been loaded into the chamber and is located on the support shoulder 6. The blister pack 7 is preferably a circular disc of foil laminate lS material with blisters or containers 8. The clamp member 10 has a plurality of apPrtures 11 which are arranged in a circle and so spaced from each other that each of them will receive one of the blisters 8 of the blister pack 7. A
knob 12 is upstanding from the clamp member 10 and when the lid 4 is fitted on the housing 1 the knob 12 will project through an aperture 13 in the top of the lid 4.
This knob can be turned by the patient to rotate the clamp member 10 and since the blisters 8 of the blister pack 7 are located in the apertures 11 in the clamp plate 10 rotation of the clamp member will also rotate the blister pack. A plurality of protuberances or pips 14 are provided on the top of the clamp member 10 and engage in a recess 15, Figure 2, on the underside of the cover 4 to make sure that the clamp plate is correctly aligned in position. As will be seen, the knob 12 is fluted to provide openings between the knob and the hole 13 thxough which air can enter the chamber 2 from the outside.
The cover 4 also has an aperture 16 in which a plunger 17 contalned in a plunger housing 18 can be received. The plunger has an annular shoulder 19 and a spring 20 can bear between the shoulder 19 and the bottom of the plunger housing 18 to urge the plunger into an upper or inoperative position. The plunger ma~ be provided with a knife edge 21 or other means to enable the blister to be opened.
When the plunger 17 is depressed against the action of the spring 20, the lower edge portion 21 of the plunger will pass through an aperture 22 in the plunger housing to pass through a blister 8 located in register with the plunger.
Such engagement will open the blister, and permit the release of medicament therefrom. This action will so open the blister that when a patient inhales alr will pass through the blister, the medicament being entrained in the air flow and exiting through the mouthpiece 5 via a transfer cavity 23 inside the chamber in communication with the mouthpiece 5. By rotation of the knob 12 the clamp g member 10 and the blister pack 7 can be rotated to bring each blister in turn into location beneath the plunger.
The various protuberances or pips 14 will in turn engage in the recess 15 to make sure that the blister pack is correctly registered with the plunger.
It is not essential that the plunger have a knife 21 to open the hlister. If desired a needle can be used to perforate the blister or the plunger ~ay have a pointed end or even a blunt end or any other convenient opening means may be used.
The mouthpiece cover can have a locking member 24 which can be engaged with the plunger when the device is not in use to prevent accidental actuation of the plunger.
In use, the patient needing a dose of medicament may hold the device with the mouthpiece in his ~outh. The patient then depresses the plunger to open the blister and give access to the medicament therefrom and inhales through the mouthpiece so that the medicament will be entrained in the air flow and will enter the lungs of the patient. If desired, the mouthpiece can be provided with air inlet apertures 25 to improve the air flow as the patient inhales.
In a modification not illustrated the undexside of the blister pack can be supported on another clamp plate instead of the support rim or shoulder 6.
The blister pack is conveniently arranged to provide a sufficient number of individual doses for a patient for use during a convenient period such as one day or more.
The housing can be modified by providing an additional chamber, not visible, at the bottom, this additional chamber being closed by a removahle cover 26. This additional chamber can be used to store replacement blister packs~
The mouthpiece may, if desired, be arranged so that a patient may use it to inhale through the nose.
A modified device which does not use the clamp member 10 is illustrated in Figures 3 and 40 The device of this modification comprises a housing 30 having a chamber 31 therein. A mouthpiece 32 projects outwardly from the cylindrical wall of the housing 30 in a generally radlal direction and communicates with the intexior of the chamber 31. A perforated guard 33 is provided at the entrance to the mouthpiece 32. A rim or shoulder 34 runs round the inside wall of the chamber 31 to provide an annular support for a support member 35 in the form of a circular plate or disc. This support member is arranyed to receive a blister pack 36. The blister pack 36 has a plurallty of frangible containers 37 arranged in a circular row. These containers are in the form of "blisters" of a generally conical form as clearly shown in Figure 4 and contain a medicam~nt as described with reference to Figure 1. The support member 35 has a plurality of holes 38 equal in number to the number of blisters 37 of the blister pack 36. The conical portion of one blister 37 is located in each of the holes 38 when the ~;~2~9~%

device is loaded and in use. An external rotatable member 39 with a knurled edge 40 is located in face contact with the bottom of the housing 30. A spindle or the like 41 with radial projections 42 extends centrally frcm the support member 35 through a hole 43 in the bottom of the housing 30 and into an opening 44 of complementary shape in a spigot 45 of the member 39. The spigot 45 passes through the hole 43 and the spindle 41 and 42 engages in the opening 44 so that rotation of the member 39 will cause similar rotation to the support member 35. A removable cover 46 fits on top of the housing 30. An opening 47 is provided in the cover 46 and engages a projection 48 in the housing 30 so as correctly to locate the cover. The cover 46 carries a bracket 49 on which a lever or trigger 50 is pivotally mounted. A plunger 51 is located on the lever or trigger 50 and extends through a hole 52 in the cover. A spring 53 is provided to bear between ~he trigger or lever 50 and the top of the cover 46 to urge the lever or trigger upwards.
The hole 52 is so positioned that each hole 38 in the support me~er 35 will register with this hole as the support ~ember 35 is rotated.
When one of the holes 38 is in register with the hole 52 the trigger 50 can be depressed so that its plunger 51, which may be in the form of a needle, will pierce through the blister 37 located in that hole (i.e. pierce the top and ~22~
~ 12 -the bottom of the blister) thereby to permit powder to exit from the blister. Some powder will fall into a tray-like compartment 54 inside the chamber 31. When the patient inhales, air passes through the pierced blister so that powdex will be entrained in the airflow and will, with powder from the compartment 54, be withdrawn through the guard 33 and the mouthpiece 32. When the device is not in use, the mouthpiece 32 can be enclosed in a mouthpiece cover or sheath 55 which has a channel-like extension 56 which will engage with the bracket 49 to prevent the plunger 51 being depressed to enter through the hole 37.
When the device is in use and the patient inhales through the mouthpiece 32 it is, of course, essential for air to be able to enter the interior of the chamher 31.
Any suitable air inlets can be provided. Conveniently, however, air can enter through the hole 52 the plunger or needle 51 being smaller in diameter than the diameter of the hole 52 so that it serves as an air inlet.
Figure 5 illustrates a modified device which can conveniently be used to administer two different medicaments to a patient at separate times. Treatment of certain patients does require that they inhale two different kinds of medicament. In the device illustrated in Figure 5, a common housing 57 contains two chambers equivalent to the chamber 2 of the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1 and 2 or to the chamber 31 ~2~

of the embodiment illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. These two chambers are enclosed by removable covers 58 and blister packs contained in the chambers can be rotated in the manner previously described by rotation of knurled wheels, knobs or other members 59. Outlet mouthpieces 60 project outwardly from the common hou~ing 57, each one of these outlets 60 leading into one of the chambers enclosed by the common housing. Trigger mechanisms 61 are provided to enable the blisters of the blister packs contained in the chambers to be pierced so that the contents thereof can be inhaled by the patientO

Claims (9)

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows.
1. A device for administering medicaments to patients which comprises a housing with a chamber therein; an air inlet into the chamber; a support inside the chamber arranged to support a carrier provided with a container for medicament or a plurality of containers arranged in a circle; a plunger operable to engage a container registered therewith to open the container in such a way that air being inhaled by a patient will cause the medicament to be released therefrom; means for rotatably indexing the carrier on the support to register the container, or each of them in turn, with the plunger;
and, communicating with the interior of the chamber, an outlet through which a patient can inhale whereby medicament will be released from a container and entrained in the airflow produced by the patient so as to pass through the outlet.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the support is a rotatable plate with a plurality of holes therethrough, the holes being arranged in a circle and each being adapted to receive a container for medicament, a rotatable member is located outside the chamber and is connected with the support so that rotation of the said member will cause rotation of the support; the outlet leads out of the chamber in a substantially radial Claim 1 continued...

direction; and a perforated guard is positioned so that air and medicament inhaled through the outlet will first pass through the guard.
3. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the support is a rim inside the chamber and a clamp member is fitted inside the chamber and on the support but is removable to permit the carrier to be placed on the support and thereafter clamped between the clamp member and the support, the clamp member having a plurality of holes arranged in a circle to receive a plurality of containers and being rotatable and arranged to rotate with it the carrier clamped between the clamp member and the support and wherein an external knob is provided to rotate the clamp member and the outlet leads substantially radially from the chamber.
4. A device as claimed in claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein the chamber has a cover which is removable to permit the carrier to be inserted in the chamber and placed on the support, the plunger being carried by the cover.
5. A device as claimed in claims 2 or 3 wherein the outlet is enclosed in a removable outlet cover, said outlet cover having means for preventing operation of the plunger when the outlet cover is fitted on the outlet.
6. A device as claimed in claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein the carrier is a circular disc having a plurality of frangible containers arranged in a circle and containing a medicament in particulate form.
7. A device for the administration of medicaments to a patient wherein a plurality of devices as claimed in claims 1, 2 or 3 is located in a common housing.
8. A device for the administration of medicaments to a patient wherein two devices as claimed in claims 1, 2 or 3 are located in a common housing.
9. A device as claimed in claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein the container or containers are provided by a blister pack.
CA000438678A 1982-10-08 1983-10-07 Device for administering medicament to patients Expired CA1224992A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000509193A CA1236736A (en) 1982-10-08 1986-05-14 Device for administering medicament to patients

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8228887 1982-10-08
GB8228887 1982-10-08
GB8314307 1983-05-24
GB838314307A GB8314307D0 (en) 1983-05-24 1983-05-24 Medical administration devices

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1224992A true CA1224992A (en) 1987-08-04

Family

ID=26284076

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000438678A Expired CA1224992A (en) 1982-10-08 1983-10-07 Device for administering medicament to patients

Country Status (30)

Country Link
US (1) US4627432A (en)
JP (2) JPH05200100A (en)
KR (1) KR910002248B1 (en)
AT (1) AT396333B (en)
AU (2) AU570013B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8305562A (en)
CA (1) CA1224992A (en)
CH (1) CH662277A5 (en)
CY (2) CY1477A (en)
DE (1) DE3336486A1 (en)
DK (1) DK172541B1 (en)
ES (1) ES286422Y (en)
FI (1) FI79651C (en)
FR (2) FR2550452B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2129691B (en)
GR (1) GR79615B (en)
HK (1) HK67789A (en)
IE (1) IE56059B1 (en)
IL (1) IL69932A (en)
IN (1) IN160851B (en)
IT (1) IT1203660B (en)
KE (1) KE3860A (en)
LU (1) LU85034A1 (en)
NL (1) NL192564C (en)
NO (1) NO160330C (en)
NZ (1) NZ205892A (en)
PT (1) PT77471B (en)
SE (2) SE458824B (en)
SG (1) SG6889G (en)
ZW (1) ZW21483A1 (en)

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IT8349120A0 (en) 1983-10-07
DE3336486A1 (en) 1984-04-26
SE458824B (en) 1989-05-16
SE8803702L (en) 1988-10-17
LU85034A1 (en) 1985-06-19
PT77471A (en) 1983-11-01
FR2570607A1 (en) 1986-03-28
SE8305542L (en) 1984-04-09
SE8305542D0 (en) 1983-10-07
ATA357683A (en) 1992-12-15
AU1997783A (en) 1984-04-12
FR2550452A1 (en) 1985-02-15
AU8315587A (en) 1988-04-21
IL69932A0 (en) 1984-01-31
HK67789A (en) 1989-09-01
JPH05200100A (en) 1993-08-10
IT1203660B (en) 1989-02-15
FR2550452B1 (en) 1992-05-22
FI833641A0 (en) 1983-10-07
IN160851B (en) 1987-08-08
JPH0576872B2 (en) 1993-10-25
BR8305562A (en) 1984-05-15
JPH04131250U (en) 1992-12-02
IE832367L (en) 1984-04-08
NL192564C (en) 1997-10-03
GB2129691B (en) 1987-08-05
IE56059B1 (en) 1991-04-10
NL8303461A (en) 1984-05-01
GB8326878D0 (en) 1983-11-09
FI833641A (en) 1984-04-09
ES286422U (en) 1986-02-01
DK464383A (en) 1984-04-09

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