CA1226448A - Prefabricated support and covering structure, particularly for constructing tunnels, bridges and the like - Google Patents
Prefabricated support and covering structure, particularly for constructing tunnels, bridges and the likeInfo
- Publication number
- CA1226448A CA1226448A CA000483050A CA483050A CA1226448A CA 1226448 A CA1226448 A CA 1226448A CA 000483050 A CA000483050 A CA 000483050A CA 483050 A CA483050 A CA 483050A CA 1226448 A CA1226448 A CA 1226448A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- adjacent
- prefabricated
- panel
- panels
- modular
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
- E04B1/344—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts
- E04B1/3445—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts foldable in a flat stack of parallel panels
- E04B1/3447—Portal- or saddle-shaped structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A prefabricated support and covering structure for constructing artificial tunnels, small bridges and the like is formed by arranging a number of modular bodies having the shape of a polygonal sector side-by-side in succession, the modular bodies being aligned along the longitudinal axis of the structure. Each modular body is constituted by at least one prefabricated element including two or reinforced concrete panels arranged in succession along the polygonal line which defines the cross-section of the prefabricated structure. A
plurality of connecting and reinforcing rods extend from each panel to the adjacent panel close to the convex outer surface of the prefabricated structure.
The adjacent panels of each prefabricated element have on their respective adjacent end faces a front edge substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the prefabricated structure and disposed in proximity to the concave inner surface of the latter. These two front edges of each pair of respective adjacent panels are brought into longitudinal abutment with each other upon erection of the structure so as to define, with the adjacent surfaces of the said end faces, a longitudinal space filled with a binding material cast on site, Means are provided for connecting together the adjacent prefabricated elements of the adjacent modular bodies so as to form the entire prefabricated support and covering structure.
A prefabricated support and covering structure for constructing artificial tunnels, small bridges and the like is formed by arranging a number of modular bodies having the shape of a polygonal sector side-by-side in succession, the modular bodies being aligned along the longitudinal axis of the structure. Each modular body is constituted by at least one prefabricated element including two or reinforced concrete panels arranged in succession along the polygonal line which defines the cross-section of the prefabricated structure. A
plurality of connecting and reinforcing rods extend from each panel to the adjacent panel close to the convex outer surface of the prefabricated structure.
The adjacent panels of each prefabricated element have on their respective adjacent end faces a front edge substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the prefabricated structure and disposed in proximity to the concave inner surface of the latter. These two front edges of each pair of respective adjacent panels are brought into longitudinal abutment with each other upon erection of the structure so as to define, with the adjacent surfaces of the said end faces, a longitudinal space filled with a binding material cast on site, Means are provided for connecting together the adjacent prefabricated elements of the adjacent modular bodies so as to form the entire prefabricated support and covering structure.
Description
~LZ26~8 The invention relates to prefabricated support and cover structures, particularly for making tunnels, bridges and the like. More precisely the invention relates to prefabricated structures including a number of modular bodies of polygonal sector shape disposed side-by-side in succession along the longitudinal axis of the structure.
The problem which arises in structures of the aforesaid kind is that of making modular bodies, at least partly prefabricated, which can be handled, which are easy to install on site and which are predisposed so as to form, when assembled, a solid and monolithic structure.
Some structures used in the field of construction of artificial tunnels, small bridges and the like envisage I the prefabrication of only the roof panels, with the disadvantage of having to cast on site the piers, that is, the pillars and/or lateral support walls. Other structures envisage separate prefabrication of the roofs and piers; in this case it proves particularly difficult to achieve satisfactorily and economically a rigid connection between the roof and piers; more commonly, in fact, use is made of covers which simply rest on the piers, even though much greater thicknesses and reinforcements are needed. Apart from the above, other structures are also available in which the modular bodies are prefabricated in a single monolithic element and thus have smaller thicknesses; such modular bodies are, however, difficult to transport, so that it is practically impossible to use them to build structures of relatively large dimensions.
The object of the present invention is to provide ~LZ~i:6~48
The problem which arises in structures of the aforesaid kind is that of making modular bodies, at least partly prefabricated, which can be handled, which are easy to install on site and which are predisposed so as to form, when assembled, a solid and monolithic structure.
Some structures used in the field of construction of artificial tunnels, small bridges and the like envisage I the prefabrication of only the roof panels, with the disadvantage of having to cast on site the piers, that is, the pillars and/or lateral support walls. Other structures envisage separate prefabrication of the roofs and piers; in this case it proves particularly difficult to achieve satisfactorily and economically a rigid connection between the roof and piers; more commonly, in fact, use is made of covers which simply rest on the piers, even though much greater thicknesses and reinforcements are needed. Apart from the above, other structures are also available in which the modular bodies are prefabricated in a single monolithic element and thus have smaller thicknesses; such modular bodies are, however, difficult to transport, so that it is practically impossible to use them to build structures of relatively large dimensions.
The object of the present invention is to provide ~LZ~i:6~48
- 2 -a prefabricated support and covering structure particularly for constructing artificial tunnels, small bridges and the like, which does not have substantially the disadvantages previously mentioned and allows the construction of very solid structures, of relatively large dimensions, using modular bodies which are almost completely prefabricated and at the same time easily transportable.
With a view to achieving this object the invention provides a prefabricated support and covering structure particularly for making artificial tunnels, small bridges and the like, comprising a plurality of modular bodies, in the form of a polygonal sector having an outer convex surface and an inner concave surface when disposed side-by-side in succession along the longitudinal axis of the structure, each modular body including a plurality of prefabricated panels of reinforced concrete having adjacent end faces, each panel being connected to the adjacent panel by articulation means comprised of a plurality of connecting reinforcement rods extending without interruption from each panel to the adjacent panel to allow relative rotation between adjacent panels from coplanar disposition to an erect, folded position in which portions of the end faces of adjacent panels are brought into mutual contact, the improvement comprising: the connecting reinforcement rods having portions between each pair of adjacent panels which are inclined to each other and ~L~Z644a - pa intersect on a common straight line substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the structure, the straight line forming an articulation hinge axis, the connecting reinforcement rods extending from each panel to the adjacent panel being disposed in proximity to the outer convex surface of the prefabricated structure, each of the end faces of the adjacent panels being inwardly inclined and being provided, in proximity to the concave inner surface of the prefabricated structure, with a front edge which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the prefabricated structure; the two front edges of each pair of adjacent panels being substantially in longitudinal contact with each other so as to constitute a reciprocal abutment and to define, with the respective adjacent surfaces of the end faces, a longitudinal space filled with a binding material cast on site, and wherein the panels of each modular body have lateral faces spaced from the lateral faces adjacent modular bodies and have lateral flanges spaced apart and disposed substantially parallel to a polygonal line which defines the cross section of the prefabricated structure, the lateral flanges of one modular body being substantially in contact upon erection with the corresponding lateral flanges of the adjacent modular body so as to form a space between the lateral faces and lateral ; flanges extending parallel to the the polygonal line and interposed between the two adjacent modular bodies, the Jo -<
Swahili 3 - 2b -space being filled with binding material cast on site.
The invention will now be described with reference to a preferred practical embodiment illustrated in the appended drawings, supplied purely by way of non-limiting example, in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a prefabricated support and covering structure according to the invention;
~22~8 Figure 2 is a front view, partially in section, taken along -the line II-II of the structure of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a component of Figure l illustrated on site, before erection;
Figure 4 is a lateral view in the direction of the arrow IV in Figure 3;
Figure 5 is a view on an enlarged scale of a detail of Figure 4;
Figure 6 and Figure 7 are sections taken along the lines VI-VI and VII-VII respectively in Figure 4;
Figures 8, 9, lo if are diagrammatic views of a device for lifting the component in Figure 3, arranging it in its final assembly form and installing it on site, illustrated in various successive operational stages;
Figures 12 and 13 are sectional views taken along the lines XII-XII and XIII-XIII in Figure l, and Figure 14 is a variant of Figure 2.
Indicated as l in its entirety is a prefabricated support and covering structure, particularly suitable for building artificial tunnels, small bridges and the like, such as, for example, underground passages, covered ducts, box structures etc. The structure consists of a plurality of modular bodies 2 disposed in succession, each in the form of a half-ring consisting of a polygon with five sides. The structure l has, consequently, a polygonal cross section corresponding to that of the adjacent modular bodies 2.
Each modular body 2 is formed by a prefabricated element comprising five prefabricated panels forming the five sides of the aforesaid polygon. The outermost panels indicated at 3 constitute on site the side walls of the prefabricated structure. The center panel 4 and the intermediate panels 5 constitute the roof on site. Each modular body 2 is prefabricated under such conditions that the five panels indicated as 3, 4 and 5 are arranged in substantial alignment along a straight line as indicated in Figures 3 and 4.
In this way the modular body 2 is more easily made and is very easily transportable.
Each panel includes a base wall 9, which on site constitutes the inner concave surface of the prefabricated structure, and two transverse ribs 10 disposed adjacent the lateral edges of the panel.
Within the aforesaid ribs, in proximity to the edge opposite the wall 9, there are disposed reinforcing rods indicated at 7 which extend from one panel to the adjacent panel, constituting the sole connection between them. The portions pa of the rods 7 which are interposed between two adjacent panels are inclined to each other and so disposed as to intersect on a common straight line, indicated 8, substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the structure 1. The adjacent end faces 3_, pa and 5_ of the panels 3, 4, 5 respectively, which constitute the modular body 2, have, in a position adjacent the wall 9, a longitudinal bevel edge 6 which extends over the whole longitudinal depth of the modular body 2. The longitudinal bevel edges 6 ~226448 come into contact with each other when the modular body 2 is erected on site. Each panel which constitutes the modular body 2 is formed with a longitudinal rib 11 along each edge face turned towards the adjacent panels.
Each longitudinal rib 11 has, in its central region, a recess ha relative to the transverse ribs 10 so as to facilitate, in the erected structure, the passage of cables or ducts. The transverse ribs 10 of the panels 3 and 5 are provided with a pair of spaced apart edge flanges 12 extending over the entire length of the edge of the corresponding panel. The transverse ribs 10 of the central panel 4 are provided with a single edge flange 12 adjacent the wall 9 of the said panel.
Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 illustrate a device designed to lift the modular body 2 in its preelection state shown in Figure 3, in order to raise it and deform it until it is made to assume the final conformation corresponding to that of its erection on site. The aforesaid device consists of two side-by-side cables 13, each of which has two straight end portions, a longer one 14 and a shorter one 15, and an intermediate portion connecting the two, indicated at 16. The two cables 13 are connected together by a connecting ring 17 interposed between the portions 15 and 16, and by two pulleys 18 interposed between the portions 16 and 14. The pulleys 18, possibly fitted with brakes, form part of a mechanism 19 designed to be grappled by a hook 20 and lifted by the latter. The longer straight end portions 14 of the cables 13 are connected at their free ends to the lateral panels 3 of the modular body 2. The shorter straight end portions 15 are on the other hand connected to the intermediate panels 5 of the said modular body 2.
In this manner, elevation of the mechanism 19 causes a ~2~iA~8 raising of the said panels and finally of the entire modular body 2. The length and arrangement of the cables 16 are such that the action of the latter upon the body 2, combined with the force of gravity acting upon the various panels 3, 4, 5 which constitute the latter, is such as to cause relative rotation between the panels, bending the portions pa of the connecting rods. This rotation, which occurs progressively as illustrated in the sequence of Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11, takes place around the straight line 8 which therefore constitutes an axis of articulation between the adjacent panels. In the final stage of this operation, the outer straight end portions 14 of the cables 13 rest upon a suitably propositioned reaction point aye.
The contiguous panels rotate progressively until their fazing longitudinal edges 6 come into contact with each other, as shown in Figure 11. The modular body 2 has then reached its final conformation and can therefore be installed alongside the other previously positioned modular bodies 2. Between the edges of the upper central panels 4 of the side-by-side modular bodies 2 a space 21 is formed which is open at the top and delimited below by the corresponding edge flanges 12.
Between the facing edges of the adjacent panels 3 and 5 spaces 22 are formed which are closed and delimited by the corresponding edge flanges 12. Between the contiguous faces of the adjacent panels 3, 4 and 5 of each modular body 2 spaces 23 are formed which are open towards the outside and which are closed and delimited on the inside by the corresponding longitudinal bevels 6. Reinforcing rods indicated 24 are located on site in the said spaces 21, 22 and 23, and liquid concrete is then poured into the spaces 21 and 23, spreading within AYE
the said spaces and into the spaces 22, and thereby achieving the monolithicity of the various modular bodies 2 to form a single structure 1. A concrete foundation 25 is also cast on site, by known methods.
The structure 1 thus produced consists of modular bodies 2 each formed from a single prefabricated element. In Figure 14, on the other hand, there is shown a structure 1, the modular bodies 2 of which consist of two counterpoised prefabricated elements pa, 2b connected together overhead at the center of the modular body 2 (the elements pa and 2_ during erection and before interconnection are indicated by broken lines). Each prefabricated element 2_, 2b consists of three panels pa, pa, pa and 3b, 4b, 5b respectively: the panels pa and 3_ form on site the lateral walls of the modular body 2; the panels pa and 5b form the inclined sides and the panels pa and 4b the upper sides of the covering wall of the modular body 2.
Naturally, while the principle of the invention remains the same, the forms of construction and operation may be widely varied relative to what has been described and illustrated, without nevertheless going beyond the scope of this invention.
For example, the portions pa of the rods 7, instead of intersecting on the straight line 8, can be disposed so as to lie in a single plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the structure 1 thus allowing, in this case also, the relative rotation of the panels upon erection.
Moreover, the panels, instead of being flat, may also ~IX~644~3 be provided with a curvature designed -to form structures which have, at least partly, a curved shape.
Finally, the portions pa of the reinforcing rods 7 may also be placed in proximity to the base walls 9 of the panels so as to form the articulation hinge between the contiguous panels in positions adjacent the inner concave surface of the structure 1. In this case the reciprocal positioning of the panels may be achieved by arranging, for example curved connecting rods and flexible elements which extend from one panel to the adjacent one in proximity to the free edges of the ribs 10: during erection the adjacent panels rotate relative to each other, causing progressive extension of the curved rods or of the flexible elements the length of which defines the final reciprocal position of the panels.
With a view to achieving this object the invention provides a prefabricated support and covering structure particularly for making artificial tunnels, small bridges and the like, comprising a plurality of modular bodies, in the form of a polygonal sector having an outer convex surface and an inner concave surface when disposed side-by-side in succession along the longitudinal axis of the structure, each modular body including a plurality of prefabricated panels of reinforced concrete having adjacent end faces, each panel being connected to the adjacent panel by articulation means comprised of a plurality of connecting reinforcement rods extending without interruption from each panel to the adjacent panel to allow relative rotation between adjacent panels from coplanar disposition to an erect, folded position in which portions of the end faces of adjacent panels are brought into mutual contact, the improvement comprising: the connecting reinforcement rods having portions between each pair of adjacent panels which are inclined to each other and ~L~Z644a - pa intersect on a common straight line substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the structure, the straight line forming an articulation hinge axis, the connecting reinforcement rods extending from each panel to the adjacent panel being disposed in proximity to the outer convex surface of the prefabricated structure, each of the end faces of the adjacent panels being inwardly inclined and being provided, in proximity to the concave inner surface of the prefabricated structure, with a front edge which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the prefabricated structure; the two front edges of each pair of adjacent panels being substantially in longitudinal contact with each other so as to constitute a reciprocal abutment and to define, with the respective adjacent surfaces of the end faces, a longitudinal space filled with a binding material cast on site, and wherein the panels of each modular body have lateral faces spaced from the lateral faces adjacent modular bodies and have lateral flanges spaced apart and disposed substantially parallel to a polygonal line which defines the cross section of the prefabricated structure, the lateral flanges of one modular body being substantially in contact upon erection with the corresponding lateral flanges of the adjacent modular body so as to form a space between the lateral faces and lateral ; flanges extending parallel to the the polygonal line and interposed between the two adjacent modular bodies, the Jo -<
Swahili 3 - 2b -space being filled with binding material cast on site.
The invention will now be described with reference to a preferred practical embodiment illustrated in the appended drawings, supplied purely by way of non-limiting example, in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a prefabricated support and covering structure according to the invention;
~22~8 Figure 2 is a front view, partially in section, taken along -the line II-II of the structure of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a component of Figure l illustrated on site, before erection;
Figure 4 is a lateral view in the direction of the arrow IV in Figure 3;
Figure 5 is a view on an enlarged scale of a detail of Figure 4;
Figure 6 and Figure 7 are sections taken along the lines VI-VI and VII-VII respectively in Figure 4;
Figures 8, 9, lo if are diagrammatic views of a device for lifting the component in Figure 3, arranging it in its final assembly form and installing it on site, illustrated in various successive operational stages;
Figures 12 and 13 are sectional views taken along the lines XII-XII and XIII-XIII in Figure l, and Figure 14 is a variant of Figure 2.
Indicated as l in its entirety is a prefabricated support and covering structure, particularly suitable for building artificial tunnels, small bridges and the like, such as, for example, underground passages, covered ducts, box structures etc. The structure consists of a plurality of modular bodies 2 disposed in succession, each in the form of a half-ring consisting of a polygon with five sides. The structure l has, consequently, a polygonal cross section corresponding to that of the adjacent modular bodies 2.
Each modular body 2 is formed by a prefabricated element comprising five prefabricated panels forming the five sides of the aforesaid polygon. The outermost panels indicated at 3 constitute on site the side walls of the prefabricated structure. The center panel 4 and the intermediate panels 5 constitute the roof on site. Each modular body 2 is prefabricated under such conditions that the five panels indicated as 3, 4 and 5 are arranged in substantial alignment along a straight line as indicated in Figures 3 and 4.
In this way the modular body 2 is more easily made and is very easily transportable.
Each panel includes a base wall 9, which on site constitutes the inner concave surface of the prefabricated structure, and two transverse ribs 10 disposed adjacent the lateral edges of the panel.
Within the aforesaid ribs, in proximity to the edge opposite the wall 9, there are disposed reinforcing rods indicated at 7 which extend from one panel to the adjacent panel, constituting the sole connection between them. The portions pa of the rods 7 which are interposed between two adjacent panels are inclined to each other and so disposed as to intersect on a common straight line, indicated 8, substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the structure 1. The adjacent end faces 3_, pa and 5_ of the panels 3, 4, 5 respectively, which constitute the modular body 2, have, in a position adjacent the wall 9, a longitudinal bevel edge 6 which extends over the whole longitudinal depth of the modular body 2. The longitudinal bevel edges 6 ~226448 come into contact with each other when the modular body 2 is erected on site. Each panel which constitutes the modular body 2 is formed with a longitudinal rib 11 along each edge face turned towards the adjacent panels.
Each longitudinal rib 11 has, in its central region, a recess ha relative to the transverse ribs 10 so as to facilitate, in the erected structure, the passage of cables or ducts. The transverse ribs 10 of the panels 3 and 5 are provided with a pair of spaced apart edge flanges 12 extending over the entire length of the edge of the corresponding panel. The transverse ribs 10 of the central panel 4 are provided with a single edge flange 12 adjacent the wall 9 of the said panel.
Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 illustrate a device designed to lift the modular body 2 in its preelection state shown in Figure 3, in order to raise it and deform it until it is made to assume the final conformation corresponding to that of its erection on site. The aforesaid device consists of two side-by-side cables 13, each of which has two straight end portions, a longer one 14 and a shorter one 15, and an intermediate portion connecting the two, indicated at 16. The two cables 13 are connected together by a connecting ring 17 interposed between the portions 15 and 16, and by two pulleys 18 interposed between the portions 16 and 14. The pulleys 18, possibly fitted with brakes, form part of a mechanism 19 designed to be grappled by a hook 20 and lifted by the latter. The longer straight end portions 14 of the cables 13 are connected at their free ends to the lateral panels 3 of the modular body 2. The shorter straight end portions 15 are on the other hand connected to the intermediate panels 5 of the said modular body 2.
In this manner, elevation of the mechanism 19 causes a ~2~iA~8 raising of the said panels and finally of the entire modular body 2. The length and arrangement of the cables 16 are such that the action of the latter upon the body 2, combined with the force of gravity acting upon the various panels 3, 4, 5 which constitute the latter, is such as to cause relative rotation between the panels, bending the portions pa of the connecting rods. This rotation, which occurs progressively as illustrated in the sequence of Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11, takes place around the straight line 8 which therefore constitutes an axis of articulation between the adjacent panels. In the final stage of this operation, the outer straight end portions 14 of the cables 13 rest upon a suitably propositioned reaction point aye.
The contiguous panels rotate progressively until their fazing longitudinal edges 6 come into contact with each other, as shown in Figure 11. The modular body 2 has then reached its final conformation and can therefore be installed alongside the other previously positioned modular bodies 2. Between the edges of the upper central panels 4 of the side-by-side modular bodies 2 a space 21 is formed which is open at the top and delimited below by the corresponding edge flanges 12.
Between the facing edges of the adjacent panels 3 and 5 spaces 22 are formed which are closed and delimited by the corresponding edge flanges 12. Between the contiguous faces of the adjacent panels 3, 4 and 5 of each modular body 2 spaces 23 are formed which are open towards the outside and which are closed and delimited on the inside by the corresponding longitudinal bevels 6. Reinforcing rods indicated 24 are located on site in the said spaces 21, 22 and 23, and liquid concrete is then poured into the spaces 21 and 23, spreading within AYE
the said spaces and into the spaces 22, and thereby achieving the monolithicity of the various modular bodies 2 to form a single structure 1. A concrete foundation 25 is also cast on site, by known methods.
The structure 1 thus produced consists of modular bodies 2 each formed from a single prefabricated element. In Figure 14, on the other hand, there is shown a structure 1, the modular bodies 2 of which consist of two counterpoised prefabricated elements pa, 2b connected together overhead at the center of the modular body 2 (the elements pa and 2_ during erection and before interconnection are indicated by broken lines). Each prefabricated element 2_, 2b consists of three panels pa, pa, pa and 3b, 4b, 5b respectively: the panels pa and 3_ form on site the lateral walls of the modular body 2; the panels pa and 5b form the inclined sides and the panels pa and 4b the upper sides of the covering wall of the modular body 2.
Naturally, while the principle of the invention remains the same, the forms of construction and operation may be widely varied relative to what has been described and illustrated, without nevertheless going beyond the scope of this invention.
For example, the portions pa of the rods 7, instead of intersecting on the straight line 8, can be disposed so as to lie in a single plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the structure 1 thus allowing, in this case also, the relative rotation of the panels upon erection.
Moreover, the panels, instead of being flat, may also ~IX~644~3 be provided with a curvature designed -to form structures which have, at least partly, a curved shape.
Finally, the portions pa of the reinforcing rods 7 may also be placed in proximity to the base walls 9 of the panels so as to form the articulation hinge between the contiguous panels in positions adjacent the inner concave surface of the structure 1. In this case the reciprocal positioning of the panels may be achieved by arranging, for example curved connecting rods and flexible elements which extend from one panel to the adjacent one in proximity to the free edges of the ribs 10: during erection the adjacent panels rotate relative to each other, causing progressive extension of the curved rods or of the flexible elements the length of which defines the final reciprocal position of the panels.
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A prefabricated support and covering structure particularly for making artificial tunnels, small bridges and the like, comprising a plurality of modular bodies, in the form of a polygonal sector having an outer convex surface and an inner concave surface when disposed side-by-side in succession along the longitudinal axis of the structure, each modular body including a plurality of prefabricated panels of reinforced concrete having adjacent end faces, each panel being connected to the adjacent panel by articulation means comprised of a plurality of connecting reinforcement rods extending without interruption from each panel to the adjacent panel to allow relative rotation between adjacent panels from coplanar disposition to an erect, folded position in which portions of the end faces of adjacent panels are brought into mutual contact, the improvement comprising:
said connecting reinforcement rods having portions between each pair of adjacent panels which are inclined to each other and intersect on a common straight line substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the structure, the said straight line forming an articulation hinge axis, said connecting reinforcement rods extending from each panel to the adjacent panel being disposed in proximity to the outer convex surface of the prefabricated structure, each of said end faces of the adjacent panels being inwardly inclined and being provided, in proximity to the concave inner surface of the prefabricated structure, with a front edge which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the prefabricated structure; the two front edges of each pair of adjacent panels being substantially in longitudinal contact with each other so as to constitute a reciprocal abutment and to define, with the respective adjacent surfaces of the said end faces, a longitudinal space filled with a binding material cast on site, and wherein said panels of each modular body have lateral faces spaced from the lateral faces adjacent modular bodies and have lateral flanges spaced apart and disposed substantially parallel to a polygonal line which defines the cross section of the prefabricated structure, said lateral flanges of one modular body being substantially in contact upon erection with the corresponding lateral flanges of the adjacent modular body so as to form a space between said lateral faces and lateral flanges extending parallel to the said polygonal line and interposed between the two adjacent modular bodies, the said space being filled with binding material cast on site.
said connecting reinforcement rods having portions between each pair of adjacent panels which are inclined to each other and intersect on a common straight line substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the structure, the said straight line forming an articulation hinge axis, said connecting reinforcement rods extending from each panel to the adjacent panel being disposed in proximity to the outer convex surface of the prefabricated structure, each of said end faces of the adjacent panels being inwardly inclined and being provided, in proximity to the concave inner surface of the prefabricated structure, with a front edge which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the prefabricated structure; the two front edges of each pair of adjacent panels being substantially in longitudinal contact with each other so as to constitute a reciprocal abutment and to define, with the respective adjacent surfaces of the said end faces, a longitudinal space filled with a binding material cast on site, and wherein said panels of each modular body have lateral faces spaced from the lateral faces adjacent modular bodies and have lateral flanges spaced apart and disposed substantially parallel to a polygonal line which defines the cross section of the prefabricated structure, said lateral flanges of one modular body being substantially in contact upon erection with the corresponding lateral flanges of the adjacent modular body so as to form a space between said lateral faces and lateral flanges extending parallel to the said polygonal line and interposed between the two adjacent modular bodies, the said space being filled with binding material cast on site.
2. Structure according to Claim 1 characterized in that the connecting rods extending between adjacent panels also extend within the latter, constituting reinforcing elements of the said reinforced concrete panels.
3. Structure according to Claim 1 characterised in that each panel of each modular body includes a base wall which upon erection forms part of the inner concave wall of the prefabricated structure and at least two transverse ribs disposed in correspondence with and parallel to the two lateral edges of the panel, the said transverse ribs having upon their external lateral faces the lateral flanges and upon their end faces the front edge and the connecting rods extending between adjacent panels.
4. Structure according to Claim 1 characterised in that each panel has, in correspondence with each of its front end surfaces which upon erection face an adjacent panel, a longitudinal rib parallel to the axis of the prefabricated structure and extending from one transverse rib to the other, each end face of the panel having the connecting rods extending between the corresponding transverse side of the adjacent panels, and the front edge extending along the longitudinal rib between one transverse rib and the next of said panel.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT67581/84A IT1180072B (en) | 1984-06-05 | 1984-06-05 | PREFABRICATED SUPPORT STRUCTURE AND COVERING PARTICULARLY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF GALLERIE BRIDGES AND SIMILAR |
| IT67581-A/84 | 1984-06-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1226448A true CA1226448A (en) | 1987-09-08 |
Family
ID=11303618
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000483050A Expired CA1226448A (en) | 1984-06-05 | 1985-06-03 | Prefabricated support and covering structure, particularly for constructing tunnels, bridges and the like |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4693634A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0219501B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH061038B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU573874B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8507199A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1226448A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3566009D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK161530C (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1180072B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX164693B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1484298A3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1985005653A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2623562B1 (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1996-05-31 | Cogema | DEPLOYABLE SUPPORT FRAME AND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SETTING UP SUCH A FRAME |
| US4991999A (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1991-02-12 | Helms Robert C | Corrugated structural panels |
| US5588265A (en) * | 1994-08-26 | 1996-12-31 | Gill; Danny A. | Earthquake protective structure |
| USD380278S (en) * | 1995-03-01 | 1997-06-24 | Cote M Fernand | Arch element for a bridge or a tunnel arch construction |
| IT1281031B1 (en) * | 1995-11-17 | 1998-02-11 | Carlo Chiaves | PREFABRICATED STRUCTURE FOR THE REALIZATION OF WORKS BUILT IN OPEN SKY, PARTICULARLY FOR HIGHWAY OVERRIDE, |
| IT1281032B1 (en) * | 1995-11-17 | 1998-02-11 | Carlo Chiaves | STRUCTURE OF AN UNDERGROUND WORKS, PARTICULARLY FOR THE RELIABATION OF TUNNELS, SUBWAYS, GARAGES OR SIMILAR, ITS PROCEDURE OF |
| PT875662E (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 2000-11-30 | Sicep S P A | "PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION ARTICLE FOR TUNNELS MADE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE" |
| DE19720637C1 (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 1999-02-04 | Christa Gmbh & Co Kg | Process for producing a component from reinforced concrete and formwork for carrying out the process |
| WO2001075269A2 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-11 | Link Pipe, Inc. | Tunnel lining apparatus and method |
| CA2328096C (en) * | 2000-12-13 | 2002-01-08 | Robert A. Semotiuk | Environmentally compatible archway for road building |
| ITTO20030243A1 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-09-29 | Carlo Chiaves | PROCEDURE FOR MAKING A SEGMENT OF A WORK |
| ITTO20030519A1 (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-01-09 | Carlo Chiaves | ARTICULABLE SUPPORT SYSTEM OF AN ELEMENT |
| US20060105695A1 (en) * | 2004-11-12 | 2006-05-18 | Kennedy William R | Anchored mine ventilation structure |
| DE102009014850A1 (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-01-07 | Bruno Karl Tadge | Roof wall building element |
| ITTO20090768A1 (en) * | 2009-10-07 | 2011-04-08 | Franco & C S P A Ing | PREFABRICATED CELLULARS IN REINFORCED CONCRETE FOR FORMING BOXES WITH CLOSED FRAME AND / OR STRUCTURES WITH ARCHEDIC BEHAVIOR, WITH ANY HINGE OR JOINTS ORGANIZED |
| US8925282B2 (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2015-01-06 | Contech Engineered Solutions LLC | Foundation system for bridges and other structures |
| US9970166B2 (en) | 2012-02-06 | 2018-05-15 | Contech Engineered Solutions LLC | Concrete bridge system and related methods |
| AU2013217639B2 (en) | 2012-02-06 | 2016-11-03 | Contech Engineered Solutions LLC | Concrete bridge system and related methods |
| USD697634S1 (en) | 2012-02-20 | 2014-01-14 | Contech Engineered Solutions LLC | Upper portion of a concrete bridge unit |
| USD694910S1 (en) | 2012-04-03 | 2013-12-03 | Contech Engineered Solutions LLC | Upper portion of a concrete bridge unit |
| US9695558B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2017-07-04 | Contech Engineered Solutions LLC | Foundation system for bridges and other structures |
| DE102016103278A1 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-24 | ACO Severin Ahlmann GmbH & Co Kommanditgesellschaft | Device for guiding fluid and manufacturing process |
| US9616261B1 (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2017-04-11 | John Rambert | Fireman shield assembly |
| CN105951997B (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2018-12-25 | 山东省交通规划设计院 | Greatly across the double slope concrete frames of prestressing force |
| US11174614B2 (en) | 2017-08-14 | 2021-11-16 | Contech Engineered Solutions LLC | Metal foundation system for culverts, buried bridges and other structures |
| CN112005038B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2022-06-07 | 超级高铁技术公司 | Segment pipe |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US587392A (en) * | 1897-08-03 | Metal arch for culverts | ||
| US678605A (en) * | 1901-03-28 | 1901-07-16 | Clarence Wolcott | Culvert. |
| US701034A (en) * | 1902-01-02 | 1902-05-27 | Richard Gray | Metal arch. |
| US1784271A (en) * | 1927-07-13 | 1930-12-09 | Pacific Clay Products | Conduit and method of constructing the same |
| US3535883A (en) * | 1966-10-25 | 1970-10-27 | Mobil Oil Corp | Apparatus for transporting fluids between a submerged storage tank and a floating terminal |
| US3593482A (en) * | 1968-12-12 | 1971-07-20 | Delp W Johnson | Process for erecting folding slab construction |
| US3854266A (en) * | 1971-10-18 | 1974-12-17 | F Salas | Method of constructing building structures of zig-zag profile |
| US3808754A (en) * | 1972-08-24 | 1974-05-07 | Johnson D Poole & Storm | Folding contoured wall |
| US3834005A (en) * | 1972-11-20 | 1974-09-10 | D Johnson | Method of threading a cable through panel and tube sections to make a folding structure |
| US4124985A (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1978-11-14 | Lembit Maimets | Collapsible tunnel liner section and method of lining a tunnel |
| USRE30929E (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1982-05-11 | Collapsible tunnel liner section and method of lining a tunnel |
-
1984
- 1984-06-05 IT IT67581/84A patent/IT1180072B/en active
-
1985
- 1985-05-31 BR BR8507199A patent/BR8507199A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-05-31 DE DE8585903237T patent/DE3566009D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-05-31 JP JP60503001A patent/JPH061038B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-05-31 EP EP85903237A patent/EP0219501B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-05-31 AU AU45464/85A patent/AU573874B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-05-31 WO PCT/EP1985/000259 patent/WO1985005653A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1985-05-31 US US06/834,277 patent/US4693634A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-06-03 CA CA000483050A patent/CA1226448A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-06-05 MX MX205547A patent/MX164693B/en unknown
-
1986
- 1986-02-04 DK DK053486A patent/DK161530C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-01 SU SU864028557A patent/SU1484298A3/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4693634A (en) | 1987-09-15 |
| AU573874B2 (en) | 1988-06-23 |
| EP0219501A1 (en) | 1987-04-29 |
| DK53486D0 (en) | 1986-02-04 |
| DK161530B (en) | 1991-07-15 |
| DK161530C (en) | 1992-01-13 |
| DK53486A (en) | 1986-02-04 |
| EP0219501B1 (en) | 1988-11-02 |
| BR8507199A (en) | 1987-08-04 |
| IT1180072B (en) | 1987-09-23 |
| AU4546485A (en) | 1985-12-31 |
| WO1985005653A1 (en) | 1985-12-19 |
| IT8467581A0 (en) | 1984-06-05 |
| JPH061038B2 (en) | 1994-01-05 |
| SU1484298A3 (en) | 1989-05-30 |
| JPS61502406A (en) | 1986-10-23 |
| DE3566009D1 (en) | 1988-12-08 |
| MX164693B (en) | 1992-09-17 |
| IT8467581A1 (en) | 1985-12-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |