CA1235665A - Method of removal of organometallics from wastewater - Google Patents
Method of removal of organometallics from wastewaterInfo
- Publication number
- CA1235665A CA1235665A CA000486931A CA486931A CA1235665A CA 1235665 A CA1235665 A CA 1235665A CA 000486931 A CA000486931 A CA 000486931A CA 486931 A CA486931 A CA 486931A CA 1235665 A CA1235665 A CA 1235665A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- polyamide
- aqueous media
- nylon
- concentration
- fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
- Y10S210/902—Materials removed
- Y10S210/908—Organic
- Y10S210/909—Aromatic compound, e.g. pcb, phenol
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
- Y10S210/902—Materials removed
- Y10S210/911—Cumulative poison
- Y10S210/912—Heavy metal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
- Y10S210/902—Materials removed
- Y10S210/911—Cumulative poison
- Y10S210/912—Heavy metal
- Y10S210/914—Mercury
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION
Organometallic compounds, such as 10, 10'-oxybisphenoxarsine, are removed from aqueous media by preferential absorption onto solid polyamide absorbants, such as Nylon, in the form of pellets, fibers, granules, film or coatings.
Organometallic compounds, such as 10, 10'-oxybisphenoxarsine, are removed from aqueous media by preferential absorption onto solid polyamide absorbants, such as Nylon, in the form of pellets, fibers, granules, film or coatings.
Description
~L~35~5 METHOD FOR REMOVAL OF ORGANOMETALLICS FROM WASTEWATER
CROSS REFERENCE TO OTHER DOCUMENTS
-This application is related in subject matter to three other references which are assigned to the same assignee as the present application. These other references are: U.S.
Patent No. 4,624,677 of Lawrence J. Guilbault, Thomas C.
McEntee, and Judith L. Koob, issued November 25, 1986, said patent entitled "METHOD FOR CONTROLLING ANTIMICROBIAL CONTENT
OF FIBERS"; U.S. Patent No. 4,601,831 issued July 22, 1986 to Michael M. Cook, said patent being enti~led "ANTIMICROBIAL
ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUE"; and Canadian Application No. 487,765 of Thomas C. McEntee, Lawrence J. Guilbault, and James F.
Brophy, filed July 30, 1985, said application entitled "METHOD
FOR INCORPORATING ANTIMICROBIALS INTO FIBERS".
.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention generally pertains to the removal of organometallic compounds from aqueous media. The removal is accomplished with use of polyamide absorbing materials such as nylon or nylon 6.
5~5 Many organometallic chemicals have toxicological properties that render such materials injurious to man, lower animals, fish and other life forms. Organometallic compounds of mercury, tin and lead are particularly hazardous materials and, accordingly, considerable effort has been expended to minimize environmental contamination by these classes of compounds.
Organometallic compounds are generally non-ionic, but are sufficientl~ polar to result in finite solubility in aqueous media. Often, such compounds are extremely toxic to fish; for example, low parts per million concentrations in manufacturing plant effluents can result in ecological damage.
The removal of trace levels of organometallic compound contaminants from aqueous media is difficult to achieve. The contaminants are not sufficiently ionic to be efficiently removed by conventional ion exchange resin treatment technology. Like-wise, the compounds are often too polar in nature to permit effi-cient removal by absorption into activated carbon because such absorbent type is generally more effective with non-polar organic contaminants.
It is known to use polyamide absorbents to separate blood cells. In this regard, please see United States Patent Number 4,256,588. In addition, United States Patent Number 4,079,001 discloses the removal of anionic and cationic dyes from industrial effluents with use of polyamide absorbants. Also, United States ~235~65 Patent Number 4,059,572 treats biological fluids with polyamide absorbents to remove endotoxin, a lipopolysaccharideO However, none of the above mentioned patents teaches the use of such absorbents to remove organometallic contaminants from aqueous media.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention generally pertains to a method for reducing the concentration of organometallic compounds that are contained in aqueous media. The method involves contacting the above described aqueous media with a solid polyamide material which absorbs at least a portion of the organometallic compound and thereby results in a lower concentration of the organometallic compound in the media.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 depicts ~he rapid absorption of an organoarsenical compound from water into a polyamide fiber as a function of time, under the conditions described in Example 1.
Figure 2 depicts the rapid reduction in concentration of an organoarsenical compound in water upon absorption by polyamide fibers under the conditions described in E~ample 2.
3.
-1;Z3566S
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTI_ It has been discovered that the concentration of organo-metallic compounds in aqueous media can be substantially reduced by contacting organometallic compound containing aqueous media with a solid polyamide absorbent in the form of fibers, granules, film or coatings. Organometallic compounds exhibit a high affinity toward polyamide absorb~nts, relative to the aqueous phase.
Partition coefficients, i.e., the ratio of organometallic compound absorbed by the polyamide absorbent relative to that retained in the aqueous phase, at equilibrium, can be very high, ranging from 10:1 to 100:1 or higher. These favorable partition coefficients enable substantial removal of organometallics from aqueous media simply by contacting and thereby equilibrating the aqueous media with a polyamide absorbent to facilitate rapid absorption of the organometallic compound by the polyamide.
This invention pertains to a method for removing or reducing the concentration of organometallic chemical contaminants in aqueous media by contacting with a polyamide absorbent. Organow metallic contaminants which can be so treated include compounds of the organotin, organolead, organomercury, organobismuth, oxgano-selenium, organotellurium and organoarsenic types as well as other similar organometallic compounds which could represent an ecolo-gical hazard if aqueous streams containing appreciable quantities of these materials were discharged into the environment. To be effectively removed by the process of this invention, the organo-;?,, ~ 4.
35~6~
metallic contaminant must have some finite solubility in water,which in many cases may be in the low part per million range.
Typical organometallic compounds that may be removed from aqueous media include but are not limited to the following:
phenylmercuric acetate (HgC8H802); tetraethyl lead (PbC8H20);
bismuth acetate (~iC6H905); lO,lO'-oxybisphenoxarsine (C24Hl6As203);
and phenylselenol (SeC6H6).
Polyamides useful as absorbents in this invention are conven-tional aramid polymeric materials containing the amide linkage ~NH-R-C~n and typified by solid polyamide polymers known generically as nylon. Included in the list of useful polyamides are those nylons designated as nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 7, nylon ll.
The polyamide absorbent may be in any suitable solid form to facilitate effic1ent contact with the aqueous media containing the organometallic compound to be removed. Suitable solid forms may include granules, pellets, free-standing films, coatings on suit-able substrates and fibers. Due to their favorable surface-to-volume ratio, fibers, or yarns and fabrics, including nonwovens, produced from polyamide fibers are preferred.
The invention may be practiced by simply contacting the organometallic compound containing aqueous media with a polyamide absorbent for sufficient time to allow all or a desired proportion I ~ ~ 5 ~
~'~3~6~;5 of the organometallic contaminant to be absorbed by the polyamide absorbent. This contact method may be by either batch or con-tinuous processes. The efficiency of removal is governed by the proportion of organometallic compound present, relative to the quantity of polyamide absorbent employed and the amount of aqueous media to be treated. The rate of removal is determined by factors that affect the attainment of equilibrium partitioning of the organometallic compound between the polyamide and aqueous phases.
These factors include contact time, temperature, pH and surface area to volume ratio of the polymeric absorbent.
While not desiring to be bound by the following explanation, it is believed that the beneficial effects of polyamide absorbents in removing or reducing the concentration of organometallic compounds in aqueous media is due to the following. First, organometallic compounds, being somewhat polar yet decidedly organic in nature appear to have a solubility preference for polyamide relative to water. The generally low water solubility of many organometallic compounds tends to support this preference.
Secondly, polyamides in general, and nylon in particular are well known to absorb appreciable quantities of water under equili-brium conditions, up to 10-15% by weight in some instances. Thus the preference of organometallic compound for polyamide over water and the case by which water is absorbed into polyamide provides a driving force and transport mechanism by which organometallic compounds are absorbed ~rom aqueous media into polyamide absorbent.
;~ 6.
Sti65 The following Examples serve to demonstrate the practice of the invention.
EXAMPLE I
This example demonstrates the preferential solubility of organometallic compounds in polyamide absorbent relative to water.
An aqueous solution (80 ml) containing about 47 ppm of an organo-arsenic compound, 10, 10'-oxybisphenoxarsine, was heated at 95-100C and 0.8 grams of nylon 6 fiber in the form of knit fabric was added to the boilinq bath. Small fiber aliquots were removed at various time intervals and analyzed for the presence of the organoarsenic compound in the fiber. The results, depicted in Figure 2, demonstrate that the organoarsenical is rapidly absorbed by the nylon fiber, reaching an equilibrium concentration of about 1200 ppm in the fiber within five minutes. The concentration of or~anoarsenical absorbed by the fiber, and the water-to-fiber ratio, the concentration of organoarsenical remaining in the water phase after absorption was calculated to be 29 ppm.
EXAMPLE II
In this example, 0.5 gram samples of nylon ~arn were placed in 10 ml aliquots of a solution containing 28.8 ppm of the organo-arsenical employed in Example 1, and then maintained at 40C.
7.
I
~Z35665 Yarn samples were removed at various time intervals and the bath and fiber analyzed for organoarsenical content. The results are listed in the Table.
TABLE
Organoarsenical Concentration (Ppm) Final Bath Time (Minutes) ConcentrationFiber Concentration _ o 28.8 0.5 20.8 *
1.0 17.4 280
CROSS REFERENCE TO OTHER DOCUMENTS
-This application is related in subject matter to three other references which are assigned to the same assignee as the present application. These other references are: U.S.
Patent No. 4,624,677 of Lawrence J. Guilbault, Thomas C.
McEntee, and Judith L. Koob, issued November 25, 1986, said patent entitled "METHOD FOR CONTROLLING ANTIMICROBIAL CONTENT
OF FIBERS"; U.S. Patent No. 4,601,831 issued July 22, 1986 to Michael M. Cook, said patent being enti~led "ANTIMICROBIAL
ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUE"; and Canadian Application No. 487,765 of Thomas C. McEntee, Lawrence J. Guilbault, and James F.
Brophy, filed July 30, 1985, said application entitled "METHOD
FOR INCORPORATING ANTIMICROBIALS INTO FIBERS".
.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention generally pertains to the removal of organometallic compounds from aqueous media. The removal is accomplished with use of polyamide absorbing materials such as nylon or nylon 6.
5~5 Many organometallic chemicals have toxicological properties that render such materials injurious to man, lower animals, fish and other life forms. Organometallic compounds of mercury, tin and lead are particularly hazardous materials and, accordingly, considerable effort has been expended to minimize environmental contamination by these classes of compounds.
Organometallic compounds are generally non-ionic, but are sufficientl~ polar to result in finite solubility in aqueous media. Often, such compounds are extremely toxic to fish; for example, low parts per million concentrations in manufacturing plant effluents can result in ecological damage.
The removal of trace levels of organometallic compound contaminants from aqueous media is difficult to achieve. The contaminants are not sufficiently ionic to be efficiently removed by conventional ion exchange resin treatment technology. Like-wise, the compounds are often too polar in nature to permit effi-cient removal by absorption into activated carbon because such absorbent type is generally more effective with non-polar organic contaminants.
It is known to use polyamide absorbents to separate blood cells. In this regard, please see United States Patent Number 4,256,588. In addition, United States Patent Number 4,079,001 discloses the removal of anionic and cationic dyes from industrial effluents with use of polyamide absorbants. Also, United States ~235~65 Patent Number 4,059,572 treats biological fluids with polyamide absorbents to remove endotoxin, a lipopolysaccharideO However, none of the above mentioned patents teaches the use of such absorbents to remove organometallic contaminants from aqueous media.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention generally pertains to a method for reducing the concentration of organometallic compounds that are contained in aqueous media. The method involves contacting the above described aqueous media with a solid polyamide material which absorbs at least a portion of the organometallic compound and thereby results in a lower concentration of the organometallic compound in the media.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 depicts ~he rapid absorption of an organoarsenical compound from water into a polyamide fiber as a function of time, under the conditions described in Example 1.
Figure 2 depicts the rapid reduction in concentration of an organoarsenical compound in water upon absorption by polyamide fibers under the conditions described in E~ample 2.
3.
-1;Z3566S
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTI_ It has been discovered that the concentration of organo-metallic compounds in aqueous media can be substantially reduced by contacting organometallic compound containing aqueous media with a solid polyamide absorbent in the form of fibers, granules, film or coatings. Organometallic compounds exhibit a high affinity toward polyamide absorb~nts, relative to the aqueous phase.
Partition coefficients, i.e., the ratio of organometallic compound absorbed by the polyamide absorbent relative to that retained in the aqueous phase, at equilibrium, can be very high, ranging from 10:1 to 100:1 or higher. These favorable partition coefficients enable substantial removal of organometallics from aqueous media simply by contacting and thereby equilibrating the aqueous media with a polyamide absorbent to facilitate rapid absorption of the organometallic compound by the polyamide.
This invention pertains to a method for removing or reducing the concentration of organometallic chemical contaminants in aqueous media by contacting with a polyamide absorbent. Organow metallic contaminants which can be so treated include compounds of the organotin, organolead, organomercury, organobismuth, oxgano-selenium, organotellurium and organoarsenic types as well as other similar organometallic compounds which could represent an ecolo-gical hazard if aqueous streams containing appreciable quantities of these materials were discharged into the environment. To be effectively removed by the process of this invention, the organo-;?,, ~ 4.
35~6~
metallic contaminant must have some finite solubility in water,which in many cases may be in the low part per million range.
Typical organometallic compounds that may be removed from aqueous media include but are not limited to the following:
phenylmercuric acetate (HgC8H802); tetraethyl lead (PbC8H20);
bismuth acetate (~iC6H905); lO,lO'-oxybisphenoxarsine (C24Hl6As203);
and phenylselenol (SeC6H6).
Polyamides useful as absorbents in this invention are conven-tional aramid polymeric materials containing the amide linkage ~NH-R-C~n and typified by solid polyamide polymers known generically as nylon. Included in the list of useful polyamides are those nylons designated as nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 7, nylon ll.
The polyamide absorbent may be in any suitable solid form to facilitate effic1ent contact with the aqueous media containing the organometallic compound to be removed. Suitable solid forms may include granules, pellets, free-standing films, coatings on suit-able substrates and fibers. Due to their favorable surface-to-volume ratio, fibers, or yarns and fabrics, including nonwovens, produced from polyamide fibers are preferred.
The invention may be practiced by simply contacting the organometallic compound containing aqueous media with a polyamide absorbent for sufficient time to allow all or a desired proportion I ~ ~ 5 ~
~'~3~6~;5 of the organometallic contaminant to be absorbed by the polyamide absorbent. This contact method may be by either batch or con-tinuous processes. The efficiency of removal is governed by the proportion of organometallic compound present, relative to the quantity of polyamide absorbent employed and the amount of aqueous media to be treated. The rate of removal is determined by factors that affect the attainment of equilibrium partitioning of the organometallic compound between the polyamide and aqueous phases.
These factors include contact time, temperature, pH and surface area to volume ratio of the polymeric absorbent.
While not desiring to be bound by the following explanation, it is believed that the beneficial effects of polyamide absorbents in removing or reducing the concentration of organometallic compounds in aqueous media is due to the following. First, organometallic compounds, being somewhat polar yet decidedly organic in nature appear to have a solubility preference for polyamide relative to water. The generally low water solubility of many organometallic compounds tends to support this preference.
Secondly, polyamides in general, and nylon in particular are well known to absorb appreciable quantities of water under equili-brium conditions, up to 10-15% by weight in some instances. Thus the preference of organometallic compound for polyamide over water and the case by which water is absorbed into polyamide provides a driving force and transport mechanism by which organometallic compounds are absorbed ~rom aqueous media into polyamide absorbent.
;~ 6.
Sti65 The following Examples serve to demonstrate the practice of the invention.
EXAMPLE I
This example demonstrates the preferential solubility of organometallic compounds in polyamide absorbent relative to water.
An aqueous solution (80 ml) containing about 47 ppm of an organo-arsenic compound, 10, 10'-oxybisphenoxarsine, was heated at 95-100C and 0.8 grams of nylon 6 fiber in the form of knit fabric was added to the boilinq bath. Small fiber aliquots were removed at various time intervals and analyzed for the presence of the organoarsenic compound in the fiber. The results, depicted in Figure 2, demonstrate that the organoarsenical is rapidly absorbed by the nylon fiber, reaching an equilibrium concentration of about 1200 ppm in the fiber within five minutes. The concentration of or~anoarsenical absorbed by the fiber, and the water-to-fiber ratio, the concentration of organoarsenical remaining in the water phase after absorption was calculated to be 29 ppm.
EXAMPLE II
In this example, 0.5 gram samples of nylon ~arn were placed in 10 ml aliquots of a solution containing 28.8 ppm of the organo-arsenical employed in Example 1, and then maintained at 40C.
7.
I
~Z35665 Yarn samples were removed at various time intervals and the bath and fiber analyzed for organoarsenical content. The results are listed in the Table.
TABLE
Organoarsenical Concentration (Ppm) Final Bath Time (Minutes) ConcentrationFiber Concentration _ o 28.8 0.5 20.8 *
1.0 17.4 280
2.0 15.8 *
3.0 13.4 *
5.0 14.2 *
10.0 11.7 380 8.9 *
8.4 *
6.9 410 *not analyzed This experiment demonstrates that the concentration of an organoarsenical compound in water can be reduced by a factor of greater than 4.1 (e.g. 28.8/6.9) by contacting the contaminated water with a polyamide fiber absorbent, at a water to fiber ratio of 20:1. Figure 2 depicts this reduction in organoarsenical content as a function of time.
EXAMPLE III
In this example, 1.0 g samples of nylon yarn were used to treat solutions containing ca. 50 ppm organotin, (bis(tri-n-butyl)tin ~ 8.
~23S665 oxide and 0.1% TRITON-X 100*surfactant at 90-95C for 30 minutes.
Bath ratios, fiber concentrations, and final bath concentrations are shown in the Table.
TABLE
Organotin Concentration (ppm) Initial Bath volume (mL): Bath Bath Fiber Nylon fiber wt (q) Concentration Concentration Concentration 20:1 50 18 639 100:1 50 24 2534 This experiment shows that the concentration of an organotin compound in water can be reduced by a factor of almost 3 by contacting the contaminated water with a polyamide absorbent at a water to fiber ratio of 20:1.
* Trade mark of Rohm & Haas Company for octylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, a nonionic-surfactant.
.~ 9.
5.0 14.2 *
10.0 11.7 380 8.9 *
8.4 *
6.9 410 *not analyzed This experiment demonstrates that the concentration of an organoarsenical compound in water can be reduced by a factor of greater than 4.1 (e.g. 28.8/6.9) by contacting the contaminated water with a polyamide fiber absorbent, at a water to fiber ratio of 20:1. Figure 2 depicts this reduction in organoarsenical content as a function of time.
EXAMPLE III
In this example, 1.0 g samples of nylon yarn were used to treat solutions containing ca. 50 ppm organotin, (bis(tri-n-butyl)tin ~ 8.
~23S665 oxide and 0.1% TRITON-X 100*surfactant at 90-95C for 30 minutes.
Bath ratios, fiber concentrations, and final bath concentrations are shown in the Table.
TABLE
Organotin Concentration (ppm) Initial Bath volume (mL): Bath Bath Fiber Nylon fiber wt (q) Concentration Concentration Concentration 20:1 50 18 639 100:1 50 24 2534 This experiment shows that the concentration of an organotin compound in water can be reduced by a factor of almost 3 by contacting the contaminated water with a polyamide absorbent at a water to fiber ratio of 20:1.
* Trade mark of Rohm & Haas Company for octylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, a nonionic-surfactant.
.~ 9.
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of reducing the concentration of organo-metallic nonionic compounds selected from the group consisting of organotin, organolead, organomercury, organoarsenic, organobismuth, organoselenium, organotellurium, and admixtures thereof from aqueous media, comprising contacting said aqueous media containing an initial concentration of at least one of said organometallic nonionic compounds with sufficient solid polyamide absorbent material to cause said polyamide material to absorb at least a portion of said organometallic compound from said media and separating said absorbent and said aqueous media following said contacting step to thereby obtain a concentration of said organometallic compound in said aqueous media that is lower than said initial concentration.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
said organometallic compound is organoarsenic.
said organometallic compound is organoarsenic.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein:
said organoarsenic is 10, 10'-oxybisphenoxarsine.
said organoarsenic is 10, 10'-oxybisphenoxarsine.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein:
said polyamide material is nylon.
said polyamide material is nylon.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein:
said nylon is in the form of a fiber.
said nylon is in the form of a fiber.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
said polyamide material is nylon.
said polyamide material is nylon.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein:
said polyamide material is in the form of a member selected from the group consisting of a pellet, a fiber, a granule, a film, and a coating.
said polyamide material is in the form of a member selected from the group consisting of a pellet, a fiber, a granule, a film, and a coating.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/657,118 US4592843A (en) | 1984-10-03 | 1984-10-03 | Method for removal of organometallics from wastewater |
| US657,118 | 1984-10-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1235665A true CA1235665A (en) | 1988-04-26 |
Family
ID=24635891
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000486931A Expired CA1235665A (en) | 1984-10-03 | 1985-07-17 | Method of removal of organometallics from wastewater |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4592843A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0177125A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS61107989A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR860003165A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8503117A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1235665A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK448085A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL75450A (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4685932A (en) * | 1984-10-03 | 1987-08-11 | Morton Thiokol, Inc. | Method for controlling isothiazolone antimicrobial content of fibers |
| NL8600723A (en) * | 1986-03-20 | 1987-10-16 | Pacques Bv | METHOD FOR PURIFYING WASTE WATER. |
| KR950031158A (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1995-12-18 | 길버트 피. 와이너 | Method and apparatus for purifying water-soluble liquids including organic liquids not mixed with particulates and water |
| US6047557A (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2000-04-11 | Copeland Corporation | Adaptive control for a refrigeration system using pulse width modulated duty cycle scroll compressor |
| US6045700A (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 2000-04-04 | Solutia Inc. | Retrievable organic carbon scavengers for cleaning of contaminated surface water sediments |
| US6206652B1 (en) | 1998-08-25 | 2001-03-27 | Copeland Corporation | Compressor capacity modulation |
| US6047556A (en) | 1997-12-08 | 2000-04-11 | Carrier Corporation | Pulsed flow for capacity control |
| EP1406842A1 (en) * | 2001-07-13 | 2004-04-14 | Novoktan Gmbh Mineralöl-Additive | Process for the extraction of an organic heavy metal compound from an aqueous medium |
| DE10133570C1 (en) * | 2001-07-13 | 2002-09-05 | Octel Corp | Purification of water, especially ground water, contaminated with lead alkyls, especially lead methyl and lead ethyl, comprises passing water through organic cation exchanger |
| JP4598415B2 (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2010-12-15 | オルガノ株式会社 | Organic arsenic compound processing method |
| JP4595685B2 (en) * | 2005-06-07 | 2010-12-08 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Treatment agent for organotin compounds |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1575907A (en) * | 1921-04-11 | 1926-03-09 | Gen Engineering Co | Filtering and thickening process and apparatus |
| US2302552A (en) * | 1938-04-07 | 1942-11-17 | Atlantic Refining Co | Method and apparatus for treating lubricating oils |
| US3161622A (en) * | 1961-10-09 | 1964-12-15 | Eastman Kodak Co | Polyamide fibers having microbiocidal activity |
| US3345341A (en) * | 1963-09-05 | 1967-10-03 | American Enka Corp | Synthetic polyamides possessing antibacterial activity |
| US3327859A (en) * | 1963-12-30 | 1967-06-27 | Pall Corp | Portable unit for potable water |
| US3597351A (en) * | 1968-09-27 | 1971-08-03 | Monsanto Co | Purification of aqueous media by removal of phenolic and metal contaminants therefrom |
| US3715339A (en) * | 1970-12-09 | 1973-02-06 | Seekay Chem Co Inc | Chelation polymer from nitrilo compound and ethyleneimine compound |
| GB1398762A (en) * | 1972-05-01 | 1975-06-25 | Struthers Patent Corp | Ice crystals |
| GB1449239A (en) * | 1972-11-09 | 1976-09-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Bactericidal membrane for water purufier and method of making the same |
| US3959556A (en) * | 1973-04-10 | 1976-05-25 | Morrison Willard L | Antimicrobial blended yarns and fabrics comprised of naturally occurring fibers |
| US3979292A (en) * | 1973-08-10 | 1976-09-07 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Duplex filter system |
| FI752346A (en) * | 1974-09-13 | 1976-03-14 | Ciba Geigy Ag | |
| SU686992A1 (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1979-09-25 | Казанский Химико-Технологический Институт Им. С.М.Кирова | Method of bioaccumulations prevention of water-supply systems |
| CH621999A5 (en) * | 1976-06-24 | 1981-03-13 | Ciba Geigy Ag | |
| CH634283A5 (en) * | 1978-02-24 | 1983-01-31 | Ciba Geigy Ag | METHOD FOR REMOVING HEAVY METAL IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. |
| US4240909A (en) * | 1978-03-13 | 1980-12-23 | Rohm And Haas Company | Borane reducing resins for removal of metal ions |
| US4256588A (en) * | 1979-11-02 | 1981-03-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Separation and recovery of B and T lymphocytes |
| US4483771A (en) * | 1983-08-08 | 1984-11-20 | Elizabeth Koch | Multi-layer filter |
-
1984
- 1984-10-03 US US06/657,118 patent/US4592843A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1985
- 1985-06-07 IL IL75450A patent/IL75450A/en unknown
- 1985-06-28 BR BR8503117A patent/BR8503117A/en unknown
- 1985-07-15 EP EP85305036A patent/EP0177125A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-07-17 CA CA000486931A patent/CA1235665A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-08-21 KR KR1019850006010A patent/KR860003165A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-10-02 JP JP60219978A patent/JPS61107989A/en active Pending
- 1985-10-02 DK DK448085A patent/DK448085A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IL75450A (en) | 1988-05-31 |
| EP0177125A3 (en) | 1989-04-05 |
| US4592843A (en) | 1986-06-03 |
| KR860003165A (en) | 1986-05-21 |
| BR8503117A (en) | 1986-05-27 |
| JPS61107989A (en) | 1986-05-26 |
| DK448085D0 (en) | 1985-10-02 |
| IL75450A0 (en) | 1985-10-31 |
| DK448085A (en) | 1986-04-04 |
| EP0177125A2 (en) | 1986-04-09 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |