CA1250282A - Static mixer for viscous melts - Google Patents

Static mixer for viscous melts

Info

Publication number
CA1250282A
CA1250282A CA000475714A CA475714A CA1250282A CA 1250282 A CA1250282 A CA 1250282A CA 000475714 A CA000475714 A CA 000475714A CA 475714 A CA475714 A CA 475714A CA 1250282 A CA1250282 A CA 1250282A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
webs
static mixer
set forth
casing
disposed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA000475714A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Willy Tauscher
Gottlieb Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer AG
Original Assignee
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gebrueder Sulzer AG filed Critical Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1250282A publication Critical patent/CA1250282A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/32—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with non-movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/58—Details
    • B29C45/581—Devices for influencing the material flow, e.g. "torpedo constructions" or mixing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4316—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being flat pieces of material, e.g. intermeshing, fixed to the wall or fixed on a central rod
    • B01F25/43161—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being flat pieces of material, e.g. intermeshing, fixed to the wall or fixed on a central rod composed of consecutive sections of flat pieces of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4318—Ring-shaped blades or strips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431971—Mounted on the wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/362—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using static mixing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B01F25/43172—Profiles, pillars, chevrons, i.e. long elements having a polygonal cross-section

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

The static mixer includes a tubular casing and at least one mixing element composed of individual webs which are secured in the wall of the casing. The webs are disposed in crossing relation to each other with a transverse spacing therebetween. The terminal ends of each web are secured within the wall of the casing by being shrink-fitted, soldered, welded or threaded.

Description

, 12~282 This invention relates to a static mixer. More particularly, this invention relates to a static mixer for highly viscous melts.
As is known, plastic machinery, such as injection moulding machines or extruders, are constructed with a feed screw for feeding a plastic melt through a die or the like downstream of the feed screw.
However, it is a frequent occurrence that the plastic melt has certain inhomogeneities downstream of the feed screw, for example of tempera-ture and/or additives, such as color, UV stabilizers or fire proofing agents. Thus, in order to obviate such inhomogeneity characteristics, static mixers have been employed downstream of the feed screw for such plastic melts as polystyrene, polythene ~polyethylene), polypropylene and the like.
One kno~n static mixer for use in the above is known from Swiss Patent 615,113. In this case, the static mixer is constructed of crossing webs which are interconnected by a central bar while the con-tours of the webs or web ends adjacent the wall of a casing in which the static mixer is placed are adapted to the casing wall. That is, the web ends engage flush against the casing wall and may, for example be welded to the wall.
However, mixers of the above type are not suitable for highly viscous plastic mel-ts such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), high molecular weight polythenc, polyacrylonitrile and synthetic and natural rubber melts, for several reasons.
First, the pressure drop of the stati~
mixer is excessive in the case of such melts. As a result there may be an excessive build-up of pressure at the feedscrew apex. Therefore, the energy consumption of the machines processing the melts may be excessive, while through-put may be reduced. There may also be mechanical destruction of the known mixers.
Second, excessive pressure drops also lead to excessive local overheating and to excessive shear forces.
Therefore, in the case of thermally unstable and/or shear-sensitive high viscosity melts, this may lead to damage to the end product.
The dwell time range of static mixers is, of course, narrow. Nevertheless, there are still critical points in the known mixers, for instance, in the contact areas of crossing webs or at welds, for instance, between webs and the casing inner wall, where small quantities of melt may stick and build up.
An excessive dwell at such Places may also lead to end product impairment.
Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a static mixer for highly viscous melts which can provide satisfactory mixing.
It is another object of the invention to provide a relatively simply static mixer for reducing inhomogeneities ~2~2~

in highly viscous melts within an extruder or diecasting machine.
It is another object of the invention to provide a static mixer having a streamline shape as well as a high mechanical strength.
It is another object of the invention to ~rovide a static mixer which can be used for mixing a highly viscous melt within a tolerable pressure drop.
Briefly,the invention provides a static mixer which is comprised of a tubular casing having a wall disposed along a longitudinal axis and at least one mixing element disposed in the casing where the mixing element includes at least two webs disposed in crossing relation to each other and at an inclination to the longitudinal axis.
In accordance with the invention, each web has a pair of terminal ends secured within the casing wall and the webs are transversely spaced from each other to define a clear space therebetween. The mixing element is particularly useful with plastic melts of high viscosities of, for example, 3000 and more Pa s (~ascal seconds).
The webs of the mixing element may be arranged in various manners. For example, in one embodiment, the webs may be arranged in two groups with the webs of one group crossing the webs of the other group and with the webs in each group being disposed in coplanar relation.
In another em~odiment, the webs may again be disposed in two groups with the webs of one group crossing the webs of 125~8;~

the other group and with the webs in at least one group being disposed in staggered relation along the longitudinal axis of the casing, for example in the manner of a staircase.
The mixing element may also include at least three webs disposed in crossing relation helically along the longitudinal axis ~ the casing.
In still another embodiment, the webs of a mixing element may be disposed so that the terminal ends are in a helical array. Such mixing elements may also be disposed in the casing in longitudinally spaced relation with the webs of adjacent mixing elements disposed in opposite hand relation to each other.
In still another embodiment, a number of mixing elements may be disposed along the longitudinal axis of the casing with each mixing element comprised of a number of fitments formed from two groups. In this case, the fitments are disposed along the axis of the casing and are displaced one into another so that the webs of one fitment extend into the space of the contiguous fitments so that the crossings of webs of adjacent fitments arise and the end parts of such webs are secured in a part of the casing wall of an adjacent fitment.
The casing can be a cylindrical tube or of any other suitable cross sectional shape, for example square.
2~ In addition, the casing may be made of steel and may be formed with apertures of appropriate cross-section to receive the terminal ends of the webs of the mixing elements. For example, the apertures may be drilled out or milled out in accordance with the cross section of the terminal ends.
The shaping of the mixing elements is such that a melt can flow through the clear spaces between the crossing webs and along the inner wall of the casing without hinderance. The reason for this is that, in contrast to known mixers, the working medium cannot stick at the crossing places between the webs of the mixing element and at the web wall junctions. Thus, dead zones cannot form.
The webs and the terminal ends may be produced, for example by casting or by milling. Further, the webs may be of strip-like or of rectangular cross section between the terminal ends. Alternatively, the webs may have any other suitable streamlined shape, for example a circular or elliptical cross sectional shape.
The webs need not necessarily all be of the same shape and dimension as one another. Nor is it essential for each individual web to be of the same shape and dimension over its length. If re~uired, the webs including their terminal ends can be hollow so that a cooling or heating agent can flow through them.
In one possible embodiment, the crossing of a number of webs are disposed outside the mixing tubeO

A mixer according to the invention is intended for use more particularly with highly viscous media such as plastics melts. However, due to the unhindered discharge at the web crossings and at the smooth junctions between the webs and the casing wall, the mixer may be of use, for example, with liquid or gaseous agents containing solids, such as plastics melts containing fibers and loading agents or foods, such as syrupy juices containing fibers, skins or pieces of fruit.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates a longitudinal sectional view taken on line I-I of Fig. 2 of a static mixer constructed in accordance with the invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates a plan view of the static mixer of Fig. l;
Fig. 3 illustrates a view taken on line III-III
of Fig. l;
Fig. 4 illustrates a longitudinal sectional view of a web of a mixing element constructed in accordance with the invention;
Fig. 5 illustrates a view taken on line V-V of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 illustrates a perspective view of the webs of two mixing elements in a single casing of tubular shape in accordance with the invention;

~L2~2~3~

Fig. 7 illustrates a modified pair of mixing elements in accordance with the invention; and Fig. 8 illustrates a view taken on line VIII-VIII
of Fig. 7.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the static mixer 1 is comprised of a tubular cylindrical casing 2 which has a wall disposed along a longitudinal axis as well as at least one mixing element in the casing 2. As indicated, the mixing element is in the form of four webs 3a-3d.
Each web 3a-3d has a pair of terminal ends 3'a-3'd, each of which has a circular cylindrical cross-section of a diameter d. Each web is also of rectangular cross-section between the terminal ends.
As indicated in Fig. 1, each terminal end 3'a-3'd of a web extends into and through the wall of the casing 2 within a bore 2'a-2'd which is also of the same diameter d.
In order to secure each terminal end of a web in the casing 2, the terminal ends may be shrink-fitted in the wall of the casing 2. Alternatively, each terminal end may be scldered or welded to the casing wall from the outside. Still further, each terminal end may be threaded into the casing wall. In this case, each bore of the casing would be threaded in suitable manner.
As indicated in Fig. 1, the intermediate parts of each web merge into the terminal ends by way of transition edges 3"a-3"d so that a smooth surface is presented.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the webs 3a-3d are disposed in crossing relation to each other as well as an inclination to the longitudinal axis of the casing 2. In addition, the webs are transversely spaced from each other to define a clear space s therebetween and, particularly, at the crossing places and at the places adjacent the casing wall.
As indicated in Fig. 3, the webs are striP -like between the terminal ends 3'a.
Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, the mixing elements may be constructed with webs 5 which have diamond-shaped terminal ends 5' which fit into like bores in the wall of a cylindrical casing 4.
Referring to Fig. 6, the mixer may have a tubular casing with a circular cross section as indicated in chain-dotted lines as well as two mixing elements. In this case, each mixing element is formed of four strip- like webs 3a-3d having cylindrical terminal ends 3'a-3'd, as above.
In addition, the mixing elements are angularly offset to each other along the longitudinal axis of the casing, for example being offset by 90. As indicated, the terminal ends 3'a-3'd have end faces 3"'a-3"'d on the outside of the casing.
Referring to Figs. 7 and 8, the static mixer may alternatively be constructed of a cylindrical casing 8 which has two mixing elements disposed in consecutive spaced apart ~;2S~282 relationship along the axis of the casing wherein each mixing element has four crossing webs 9a-9d. In this embodiment, the webs 9a-9d of each mixing element are disposed with the terminal ends 9'a-9'd in a helical array and in opposite hand to the webs of the other mixing element. Thus, the webs 9a-9d are tilted relative to one another so as to induce a cross-flow as well as a rotary flow of a viscous medium passing therethrough.
As above, the webs have transition edges 9"a-9"d which merge the intermediate parts of the webs into the circular terminal ends 9'a-9 ~a while the end faces 9"a-9"d of each web are on the outside of the casing.
` The invention thus provides a static mixer with a mixing element which can be used for highly viscous materials such as plastic melts, e.g. polyvinyl chloride.
Further, the invention provides a mixing element wherein the individual webs constituting the mixing element can be mounted with a tubular casing without creating sharp corners or places where dead zones may occur within a medium flowing through the static mixer.
The invention further provides a static mixer wherein the mixing elements may have webs of streamline shape for the flow of a viscous medium thereover. In addition, each web mav have a terminal end of suitable shape to be fitted into the wall of the casing and secured thereto. To this end, the terminal end of each web may be of circular cross-section, elliptical cross section, diamond-shaped section, or drop-shap~ cross section.
_g _ z5~Z82 The invention further provides a static mixer which is stable to highly viscous plastic melts, which does not clog, and which enables the melt to discharge freely between the webs and along the inner wall of the casing.

Claims (20)

The embodiments of the invention in which an inclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A static mixer comprising a tubular casing having a wall disposed along a longitudinal axis; and at least one mixing element disposed in said casing, said mixing element including at least two webs disposed in crossing relation to each other and at an inclination to said longitudinal axis, each said web having a pair of terminal ends secured within said casing wall, said webs being transversely spaced from each other to define a clear space therebetween.
2. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein said mixer element includes at least two groups of said webs, the webs of one group crossing the webs of the other group and the webs in at least one group being disposed in coplanar relation.
3. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein said mixer element includes at least two groups of said webs, the webs of one group crossing the webs of the other group and the webs in at least one group being disposed in staggered relation along said longitudinal axis.
4. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein said mixer element includes at least three webs disposed in crossing relation helically along said longitudinal axis.
5. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 further comprising at least two mixing elements disposed along said longitudinal axis and in angularly offset relation to each other.
6. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein each terminal end is shrink-fitted in said casing wall.
7. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein each terminal end is soldered to said casing wall.
8. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein each terminal end is welded to said casing wall.
9. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein each terminal end is threaded into said casing wall.
10. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein each terminal end is of circular cross-section.
11. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein each terminal end is of elliptical cross-section.
12. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein each terminal end is of diamond-shaped cross-section.
13. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein each terminal end is of drop-shaped cross-section.
14. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein each web is of rectangular cross-section between said terminal ends.
15. A static mixer for highly viscous melts comprising a tubular casing having a wall disposed along a longitudinal axis for a flow of a highly viseous melt there-through; and a plurality of webs extending within and across said casing for mixing of the melt passing thereover, at least one of said webs having a pair of terminal ends secured within said wall of said casing and at least two of said webs being disposed in spaced apart crossing relation to each other transversely of said axis to permit a flow of melt therebetween.
16. A static mixer as set forth in claim 15 wherein said webs are disposed in two coplanar groups with each group in crossing relation to the other group.
17. A static mixer as set forth in claim 15 wherein said webs are dispoed with the terminal ends thereof in a helical array.
18. A static mixer as set forth in claim 15 wherein said webs define at least two longitudinally spaced mixing elements.
19. A static mixer as set forth in claim 18 wherein said webs of each mixing element are disposed with the terminal ends in a helical array and in opposite hand to said webs of the other mixing element.
20. A static mixer as set forth in claim 18 wherein said mixing elements are angularly offset to each other along said axis.
CA000475714A 1984-03-05 1985-03-04 Static mixer for viscous melts Expired CA1250282A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1070/84A CH664505A5 (en) 1984-03-05 1984-03-05 STATIC MIXING DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR MACHINES PROCESSING HIGH VISCOSE PLASTIC MELTING.
CH1070/84-7 1984-03-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1250282A true CA1250282A (en) 1989-02-21

Family

ID=4201745

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000475714A Expired CA1250282A (en) 1984-03-05 1985-03-04 Static mixer for viscous melts

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4692030A (en)
EP (1) EP0154013B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60206431A (en)
KR (1) KR920002354B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE53330T1 (en)
AU (1) AU568923B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1250282A (en)
CH (1) CH664505A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3482416D1 (en)
DK (1) DK8785A (en)

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US4093188A (en) * 1977-01-21 1978-06-06 Horner Terry A Static mixer and method of mixing fluids
US4198168A (en) * 1978-04-12 1980-04-15 Liquid Control Incorporated Phase blending static mixing process and apparatus
HU179455B (en) * 1979-07-16 1982-10-28 Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet Ribbed device improving the heat transfer composed from sheet strips
FR2467235A1 (en) * 1979-10-12 1981-04-17 Petroles Cie Francaise EQUIPMENT FOR THE RECOVERY AND TREATMENT OF VISCOUS OIL EMULSIONS
CH642564A5 (en) * 1979-10-26 1984-04-30 Sulzer Ag STATIC MIXING DEVICE.
WO1982002004A1 (en) * 1980-12-08 1982-06-24 Tribos Inc Armorflite Thermally controlled mixer and apparatus and methods of operating same
CH653565A5 (en) * 1981-07-30 1986-01-15 Sulzer Ag DEVICE FOR FABRIC AND / OR DIRECT HEAT EXCHANGE OR MIXING.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH664505A5 (en) 1988-03-15
KR920002354B1 (en) 1992-03-23
DK8785D0 (en) 1985-01-08
AU568923B2 (en) 1988-01-14
DE3482416D1 (en) 1990-07-12
AU3947685A (en) 1985-09-12
ATE53330T1 (en) 1990-06-15
EP0154013B1 (en) 1990-06-06
EP0154013A2 (en) 1985-09-11
EP0154013A3 (en) 1987-09-02
JPH0579369B2 (en) 1993-11-02
DK8785A (en) 1985-09-06
US4692030A (en) 1987-09-08
JPS60206431A (en) 1985-10-18
KR850006154A (en) 1985-10-02

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