CA1257813A - Process for imparting a surface coating to films - Google Patents
Process for imparting a surface coating to filmsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1257813A CA1257813A CA000525844A CA525844A CA1257813A CA 1257813 A CA1257813 A CA 1257813A CA 000525844 A CA000525844 A CA 000525844A CA 525844 A CA525844 A CA 525844A CA 1257813 A CA1257813 A CA 1257813A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- surface coating
- process according
- applicator roll
- films
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/02—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber
- B05D7/04—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber to surfaces of films or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
- B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
- B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
- B05C1/0826—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line the work being a web or sheets
- B05C1/0834—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line the work being a web or sheets the coating roller co-operating with other rollers, e.g. dosing, transfer rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
- B05C9/04—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material to opposite sides of the work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2252/00—Sheets
- B05D2252/10—Applying the material on both sides
Abstract
Process for imparting a surface coating to films Abstract Process for the production of surface-finished, at least monoaxially stretched, thermoplastic films which are characterized in that the surface coating is imparted by means of slot doctoring systems before at least one stretching stage, and the subsequent stretching is car-ried out without contact with the surface.
Description
7~
~ 23189-6438 The invention relates to a process for the production of surface-coated, at least monoaxially stretched, thermoplastic films, in which the surface coating is imparted by means of a slot doctoring system before at least one stretching stage, and the subsequent stretching is carried out without contact with the surface.
The slot doctoring system is already known as a coating process for the production of, for example, adhesive tapes, insulating tapes or adhesive labels. In this process, so-called hot-melts or thermoplastic adhesives are applied to a finished based film, that is ~o say a film in a condition identical with that in the end product ready for use. The disadvantage of a procedure of this type is the separate coating process, moreover it is necessary to unwind the finished film, coat it on one side, cool it after coating and wind it up again.
Surpris:Lngly, it is now possible, by means of the process according to the invention, to coat not merely one surface but both surfaces of a film and, additionally, to carry this out simuLtaneously, without a separate operation, that is to say during the production of the base film and, in addition, also to achieve better adhesion between the surface coating and the base film as a result of the subse~uent joint stretching in at least one direction.
According to the present invention there is provided a process for the production of surface coated, at least monoaxially stretched, film based on propylene polymers wherein the surface coating is imparted ~.
~'~57~ , 23189-6438 a) from a melt by b) means of a slot doctoring system comprising essentially an application head at least one applicator roll and a melting device wherein the material to be applied is transferred from ~he application head directly to the surface of the applicator roll c) before at least one stretching stage and wherein d) the subsequent stretching is carried out without contact with the surface.
The process according to the invention is suitable for applying the surface coating to films based on propylene polymers which are subsequently stretched in at least one direction, preferably stretched biaxially. In particular, the procedure according to the invention can be used for the production of films of this type which are also sealable, it being preferable to apply the sealing layers by the process according to the invention.
The process according to the invention also offers the advantages that, as a result of the stretching carried out after the surface coating has been imparted:
- an evening out of the layers of material applied takes place - it is possible to produce extremely thin layers (for example primer layers), such as cannot be achieved by separate coating and - if the subsequent stretching is carried out transversely to the direction of operating of the machine, the coating only has to be carried out over a relatively narrow surface, that is to say the original width of the unstretched film.
' 23189-6438 Coatings suitable for application by means of a slot doctoring system are hot-melts, waxes, polymers or mixtures of these substances having melt viscosities of up to 200,000 mPa~s or release agents, such as, for exampler polydiorganosiloxanes, it being necessary that these materials should have a melt viscosi~y at the processing temperature of at least 2000 mPa~s, preferably 5000 to 100,000 mPa~ 5, as specified in DIN 53,019. If the materials to be applied are not liquid at 25C, they are applied from the melt. It is also possible to apply, by the process according to the invention, sensitive or heat-sealable adhesive materials which are in themselves known, such as are used for the production of adhesive tapes.
- 2a -~ 3 ~ ~ 8~
Sealable materials and/or adhesion promoters which can be applied particularly preferably by the process according to the invention are those which cannot be applied by customary procedures, such as lamination or co-extrusion, in the production of stretched, sealable multi-layer films because their viscosity is too low, they have an unsuitable flow behaviour and/or cannot form self-supporting films. Preferably, these are adhesion promoters based on modified polyolefines, such as olefinic (co)polymers, grafted and/or blended with polyolefines, or copolymers formed from ~-olefines, such as ethylene and other ~, B-unsaturated monomers. Ethylene/vinyl ace-tate copolymers or polyethyleneimines may be mentioned as examples. Sealing materials which can be applied by the process according to the invention are acrylate co-polymers, preferably copolymers formed from methyl meth-acrylate, methyl acrylate and methacrylic acid.
It is also possible to apply, by the process according to the invention, thermoplastic adhesives based on polyvinyl acetate, copolyamides, copolyesters, Pol urethanes or styrene/butadiene copoloymers.
The process according to the invention makes it possible, not only to impart a continuous surface coating over the whole surface, but also to apply a strip-shaped, dot-shaped and/or intermittent finish. It is furthermore possible to carry out multi-layer applications of differ-ent substances using several slot doctoring systems operat-ing one behind another.
The known slot doctoring system consists essenti-ally of an application head (slot die), at least one silicone-coated applicator roll and a conveying device and, if appropriate, a melting device.
The procedure according to the invention is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1.
In accordance with Fig. 1, the materials to be applied are, if necessary, melted in a stock and, if rj7~
l~ecessary, melting, vessel (1) and are conveyed via a pump
~ 23189-6438 The invention relates to a process for the production of surface-coated, at least monoaxially stretched, thermoplastic films, in which the surface coating is imparted by means of a slot doctoring system before at least one stretching stage, and the subsequent stretching is carried out without contact with the surface.
The slot doctoring system is already known as a coating process for the production of, for example, adhesive tapes, insulating tapes or adhesive labels. In this process, so-called hot-melts or thermoplastic adhesives are applied to a finished based film, that is ~o say a film in a condition identical with that in the end product ready for use. The disadvantage of a procedure of this type is the separate coating process, moreover it is necessary to unwind the finished film, coat it on one side, cool it after coating and wind it up again.
Surpris:Lngly, it is now possible, by means of the process according to the invention, to coat not merely one surface but both surfaces of a film and, additionally, to carry this out simuLtaneously, without a separate operation, that is to say during the production of the base film and, in addition, also to achieve better adhesion between the surface coating and the base film as a result of the subse~uent joint stretching in at least one direction.
According to the present invention there is provided a process for the production of surface coated, at least monoaxially stretched, film based on propylene polymers wherein the surface coating is imparted ~.
~'~57~ , 23189-6438 a) from a melt by b) means of a slot doctoring system comprising essentially an application head at least one applicator roll and a melting device wherein the material to be applied is transferred from ~he application head directly to the surface of the applicator roll c) before at least one stretching stage and wherein d) the subsequent stretching is carried out without contact with the surface.
The process according to the invention is suitable for applying the surface coating to films based on propylene polymers which are subsequently stretched in at least one direction, preferably stretched biaxially. In particular, the procedure according to the invention can be used for the production of films of this type which are also sealable, it being preferable to apply the sealing layers by the process according to the invention.
The process according to the invention also offers the advantages that, as a result of the stretching carried out after the surface coating has been imparted:
- an evening out of the layers of material applied takes place - it is possible to produce extremely thin layers (for example primer layers), such as cannot be achieved by separate coating and - if the subsequent stretching is carried out transversely to the direction of operating of the machine, the coating only has to be carried out over a relatively narrow surface, that is to say the original width of the unstretched film.
' 23189-6438 Coatings suitable for application by means of a slot doctoring system are hot-melts, waxes, polymers or mixtures of these substances having melt viscosities of up to 200,000 mPa~s or release agents, such as, for exampler polydiorganosiloxanes, it being necessary that these materials should have a melt viscosi~y at the processing temperature of at least 2000 mPa~s, preferably 5000 to 100,000 mPa~ 5, as specified in DIN 53,019. If the materials to be applied are not liquid at 25C, they are applied from the melt. It is also possible to apply, by the process according to the invention, sensitive or heat-sealable adhesive materials which are in themselves known, such as are used for the production of adhesive tapes.
- 2a -~ 3 ~ ~ 8~
Sealable materials and/or adhesion promoters which can be applied particularly preferably by the process according to the invention are those which cannot be applied by customary procedures, such as lamination or co-extrusion, in the production of stretched, sealable multi-layer films because their viscosity is too low, they have an unsuitable flow behaviour and/or cannot form self-supporting films. Preferably, these are adhesion promoters based on modified polyolefines, such as olefinic (co)polymers, grafted and/or blended with polyolefines, or copolymers formed from ~-olefines, such as ethylene and other ~, B-unsaturated monomers. Ethylene/vinyl ace-tate copolymers or polyethyleneimines may be mentioned as examples. Sealing materials which can be applied by the process according to the invention are acrylate co-polymers, preferably copolymers formed from methyl meth-acrylate, methyl acrylate and methacrylic acid.
It is also possible to apply, by the process according to the invention, thermoplastic adhesives based on polyvinyl acetate, copolyamides, copolyesters, Pol urethanes or styrene/butadiene copoloymers.
The process according to the invention makes it possible, not only to impart a continuous surface coating over the whole surface, but also to apply a strip-shaped, dot-shaped and/or intermittent finish. It is furthermore possible to carry out multi-layer applications of differ-ent substances using several slot doctoring systems operat-ing one behind another.
The known slot doctoring system consists essenti-ally of an application head (slot die), at least one silicone-coated applicator roll and a conveying device and, if appropriate, a melting device.
The procedure according to the invention is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1.
In accordance with Fig. 1, the materials to be applied are, if necessary, melted in a stock and, if rj7~
l~ecessary, melting, vessel (1) and are conveyed via a pump
(2) through a tubing (3), which is, if necessary, heated with oil, to the application head (slot die) (4), which is arranged so that it can be moved horizontally in front of an applicator roll (5), whereby it is possible to adjust the distance between the application head (4) and the applicator roll (5) in such a way that the material to be applied can be transferred from the application head (4) ciirect to the surface of the applicator roll (5). A
continuous film, the thickness of which can be controlled by the peripheral speed of the applicator roll (5) and the delivery pressure of the material to be applied from the application head (4), ;s thus formed on the surface of the applicator roll. The applicator roll (5), which preferably has a ~ilicone coating, is brought into contact with a transfer and laminating roll (7) which, in turn, transfers the surface film to a film (8) which passes through and is optionally stretched in the direction of operation of the machine. The other surface of the continuous film (8) can ZO also be coated, as shown in Fig. 1, by means of an iden-tical device (slot doctoring system). The film (8), to which a surface coating has been applied on both sides in this manner, is preferably stretched transversely in a known manner in a subsequent stretching process without surface contact, whereby the initial thickness of the individual layers of the multi-layer film thus produced are reduced in accordance with the stretching ratio.
As also shown in Fig. 1, the application head (4) and the appLicator roll (5) are detached and moved away from the transfer and laminating roll (7), and the latter in turn from the film (8) passing through, in order to adjust the surface coating so that it conforms to the desired value and is uniform over the width of the ma-terial. ay means of a change-over mechanism, the contact roll (12) of a supporting film or paper guide system is swung against the applicator roll (5), and takes off the r a~plied layer (6) on a paper or supporting film web (11) which is drawn off from the reel (10), and carries this applied Layer over a cooling roll (13) and a deflection rolL (14) to a wind-up station (15). Samples can thus be withdrawn and monitored and, if necessary alterations in the adjustment can be carried out while the production process is running without interfering with the latter.
continuous film, the thickness of which can be controlled by the peripheral speed of the applicator roll (5) and the delivery pressure of the material to be applied from the application head (4), ;s thus formed on the surface of the applicator roll. The applicator roll (5), which preferably has a ~ilicone coating, is brought into contact with a transfer and laminating roll (7) which, in turn, transfers the surface film to a film (8) which passes through and is optionally stretched in the direction of operation of the machine. The other surface of the continuous film (8) can ZO also be coated, as shown in Fig. 1, by means of an iden-tical device (slot doctoring system). The film (8), to which a surface coating has been applied on both sides in this manner, is preferably stretched transversely in a known manner in a subsequent stretching process without surface contact, whereby the initial thickness of the individual layers of the multi-layer film thus produced are reduced in accordance with the stretching ratio.
As also shown in Fig. 1, the application head (4) and the appLicator roll (5) are detached and moved away from the transfer and laminating roll (7), and the latter in turn from the film (8) passing through, in order to adjust the surface coating so that it conforms to the desired value and is uniform over the width of the ma-terial. ay means of a change-over mechanism, the contact roll (12) of a supporting film or paper guide system is swung against the applicator roll (5), and takes off the r a~plied layer (6) on a paper or supporting film web (11) which is drawn off from the reel (10), and carries this applied Layer over a cooling roll (13) and a deflection rolL (14) to a wind-up station (15). Samples can thus be withdrawn and monitored and, if necessary alterations in the adjustment can be carried out while the production process is running without interfering with the latter.
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Process for the production of surface coated, at least monoaxially stretched, film based on propylene polymers wherein the surface coating is imparted a) from a melt by b) means of a slot doctoring system comprising essentially an application head at least one applicator roll and a melting device wherein the material to be applied is transferred from the application head directly to the surface of the applicator roll c) before at least one stretching stage and wherein d) the subsequent stretching is carried out without contact with the surface.
2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealing layer is applied as surface coating.
3. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that hot-melts, waxes, polymers or mixtures of these substances having melt viscosities of up to 200,000 mPa are applied.
4. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that adhesion promoters based on modified polyolefines are applied.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3545591.8 | 1985-12-21 | ||
| DE19853545591 DE3545591A1 (en) | 1985-12-21 | 1985-12-21 | METHOD FOR FINISHING FILMS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1257813A true CA1257813A (en) | 1989-07-25 |
Family
ID=6289257
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000525844A Expired CA1257813A (en) | 1985-12-21 | 1986-12-19 | Process for imparting a surface coating to films |
Country Status (22)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4897235A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0226923B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS62148240A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR870005802A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR243793A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE52717T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU599945B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8606334A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1257813A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD254356A5 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3545591A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK162752C (en) |
| EG (1) | EG17869A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2014409B3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI88688C (en) |
| HU (1) | HU202146B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX160815A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO175765C (en) |
| PL (1) | PL263132A1 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR23996A (en) |
| YU (1) | YU44609B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA869550B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5171501A (en) * | 1988-04-21 | 1992-12-15 | Mitsubishi Rayon Company Ltd. | Process of molding antistatic resin shaped articles |
| JPH03229671A (en) * | 1990-02-06 | 1991-10-11 | Oriental Photo Ind Co Ltd | Coating method |
| US5378414A (en) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-01-03 | Recot, Inc. | Method of forming packaging compositions |
| US5747107A (en) * | 1995-10-26 | 1998-05-05 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method of applying a hot melt coating |
| FR2767074B1 (en) * | 1997-08-08 | 1999-10-22 | Lorraine Laminage | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE CONTINUOUS COATING OF AT LEAST ONE METAL STRIP WITH A FILM OF FLUID CROSSLINKABLE POLYMER |
| FR2787354B1 (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2001-03-09 | Lorraine Laminage | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE CONTINUOUS COATING OF AT LEAST ONE METAL STRIP WITH A FLUID FILM OF CROSSLINKABLE POLYMER |
| CA2355383C (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2008-10-07 | Sollac | Method and device for continuously coating at least a metal strip with a crosslinkable polymer fluid film |
| GB0101994D0 (en) * | 2001-01-25 | 2001-03-14 | Dupont Teijin Films Us Ltd | Process for the production of coated polumeric film |
| DE102019215880A1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-15 | Lindauer Dornier Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | PROCESS AND FILM STRETCHER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SEALABLE BIAXIAL ORIENTED POLYESTER-BASED FILM |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3285766A (en) * | 1963-03-28 | 1966-11-15 | Avisun Corp | Biaxially oriented ethylene polymer coated polypropylene sheet and method for makingsame |
| US3751281A (en) * | 1972-02-17 | 1973-08-07 | American Can Co | Method for preparing a dimensionally stable waxed polyethylene sheet |
| JPS5210141B2 (en) * | 1972-09-12 | 1977-03-22 | ||
| JPS5234665B2 (en) * | 1974-10-28 | 1977-09-05 | ||
| JPS5268279A (en) * | 1975-12-04 | 1977-06-06 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Composite films of polypropylene withexcellent processability |
| AU496630B2 (en) * | 1976-06-16 | 1977-12-22 | Sekisui Jushi Kabushiki Kaisha | Printed tape for use in packaging |
| US4250211A (en) * | 1978-05-31 | 1981-02-10 | Consolidated Papers, Inc. | Paper coating method and apparatus |
| CA1092310A (en) * | 1978-06-14 | 1980-12-30 | Aleck M. Birks | Method and apparatus for coating thermoplastic film |
| JPS5555862A (en) * | 1978-10-18 | 1980-04-24 | Honshu Paper Co Ltd | Low temperature heat sealing two axes elongation polypropylene compound film and its preparation |
| JPS6030265B2 (en) * | 1980-06-13 | 1985-07-15 | 本州製紙株式会社 | Method for producing biaxially oriented polypropylene film with mold releasability |
| JPS5730386A (en) * | 1980-07-29 | 1982-02-18 | Fujitsu Ltd | Semiconductor light emitting element |
| JPS5827770A (en) * | 1981-08-10 | 1983-02-18 | Mitsubishi Plastics Ind Ltd | Manufacturing of pressure-sensitive adhesive tape |
| DE3149588C2 (en) * | 1981-12-15 | 1983-10-27 | Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Ag Hamburg Und Kiel, 2300 Kiel | Method and device for applying a coating to thin, rigid panels by means of application rollers |
| JPS6090065A (en) * | 1983-10-22 | 1985-05-21 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for coating |
| DE3420412C2 (en) * | 1984-06-01 | 1995-08-10 | Voith Gmbh J M | Coating device for coating running webs |
-
1985
- 1985-12-21 DE DE19853545591 patent/DE3545591A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-11-25 HU HU864874A patent/HU202146B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-04 NO NO864875A patent/NO175765C/en unknown
- 1986-12-08 AT AT86117016T patent/ATE52717T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-08 DE DE8686117016T patent/DE3671179D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-08 EP EP86117016A patent/EP0226923B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-08 ES ES86117016T patent/ES2014409B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-11 MX MX4639A patent/MX160815A/en unknown
- 1986-12-16 JP JP61297822A patent/JPS62148240A/en active Pending
- 1986-12-17 EG EG771/86A patent/EG17869A/en active
- 1986-12-17 TR TR86/0719A patent/TR23996A/en unknown
- 1986-12-18 YU YU2183/86A patent/YU44609B/en unknown
- 1986-12-18 FI FI865191A patent/FI88688C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-19 AR AR86306264A patent/AR243793A1/en active
- 1986-12-19 PL PL1986263132A patent/PL263132A1/en unknown
- 1986-12-19 CA CA000525844A patent/CA1257813A/en not_active Expired
- 1986-12-19 DD DD86298015A patent/DD254356A5/en unknown
- 1986-12-19 BR BR8606334A patent/BR8606334A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-12-19 ZA ZA869550A patent/ZA869550B/en unknown
- 1986-12-19 DK DK618086A patent/DK162752C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-12-19 KR KR860010937A patent/KR870005802A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-12-22 AU AU66865/86A patent/AU599945B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1988
- 1988-06-08 US US07/203,979 patent/US4897235A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK618086A (en) | 1987-06-22 |
| FI88688B (en) | 1993-03-15 |
| DK618086D0 (en) | 1986-12-19 |
| FI865191A0 (en) | 1986-12-18 |
| EP0226923B1 (en) | 1990-05-16 |
| YU218386A (en) | 1989-02-28 |
| FI865191A (en) | 1987-06-22 |
| YU44609B (en) | 1990-10-31 |
| AU6686586A (en) | 1987-06-25 |
| HUT50698A (en) | 1990-03-28 |
| US4897235A (en) | 1990-01-30 |
| DD254356A5 (en) | 1988-02-24 |
| NO175765B (en) | 1994-08-29 |
| ATE52717T1 (en) | 1990-06-15 |
| TR23996A (en) | 1991-01-15 |
| DK162752B (en) | 1991-12-09 |
| PL263132A1 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
| EG17869A (en) | 1991-03-30 |
| AR243793A1 (en) | 1993-09-30 |
| JPS62148240A (en) | 1987-07-02 |
| BR8606334A (en) | 1987-10-06 |
| ZA869550B (en) | 1988-04-27 |
| ES2014409B3 (en) | 1990-07-16 |
| DE3545591A1 (en) | 1987-06-25 |
| MX160815A (en) | 1990-05-30 |
| EP0226923A2 (en) | 1987-07-01 |
| HU202146B (en) | 1991-02-28 |
| FI88688C (en) | 1993-06-28 |
| KR870005802A (en) | 1987-07-07 |
| EP0226923A3 (en) | 1988-12-07 |
| DK162752C (en) | 1992-04-27 |
| NO175765C (en) | 1994-12-07 |
| DE3671179D1 (en) | 1990-06-21 |
| NO864875D0 (en) | 1986-12-04 |
| AU599945B2 (en) | 1990-08-02 |
| NO864875L (en) | 1987-06-22 |
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