CA1275649C - Motionless mixer - Google Patents
Motionless mixerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1275649C CA1275649C CA000515029A CA515029A CA1275649C CA 1275649 C CA1275649 C CA 1275649C CA 000515029 A CA000515029 A CA 000515029A CA 515029 A CA515029 A CA 515029A CA 1275649 C CA1275649 C CA 1275649C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- plate elements
- pair
- conduit
- mixer
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
- B01F25/4315—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being deformed flat pieces of material
- B01F25/43151—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being deformed flat pieces of material composed of consecutive sections of deformed flat pieces of material
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A motionless mixer for use in mixing turbulent flow streams in a conduit which mixer comprises at least first and second pairs of plate elements, the plate element composed of semielliptical portions disposed at an angle of about 45° from the axis o the conduit, the first and second pairs disposed at an angle of about 90° with respect to each other in the conduit, with the plate elements of each pair overlapping the plate elements of the adjacent pair up to about one-half of the length of the plate elements.
A motionless mixer for use in mixing turbulent flow streams in a conduit which mixer comprises at least first and second pairs of plate elements, the plate element composed of semielliptical portions disposed at an angle of about 45° from the axis o the conduit, the first and second pairs disposed at an angle of about 90° with respect to each other in the conduit, with the plate elements of each pair overlapping the plate elements of the adjacent pair up to about one-half of the length of the plate elements.
Description
2756~9 -' ~ACKGROUND Ol; 7'IIE INVEN'rlON
Static mixing or motionless mixing apparatuses have been found to b~
effective for mixing together two or more fluid streams, to prepare a final mixed produc1j.
~ ~ Such static or motionless mixers typically comprise a plurality of baffle-type elementf ¦disposed in a particular arrangement within a conduit, the baffle so arranged to providle for a plurality of subdivisions, as two or more streams are passed from the one to the other ends of the conduit containing the motionless mixer. A wide variety of vario~s baffle designs of different shapes and geometric configurations has been proposed anjd I used in connection with motionless mixers. ~or example, there are many motionless mixers ¦ available for the mixing of two or more low-viscosity liquids in turbulent flow; for exampl~, ¦ with a Reynolds number of 10,000 or more, such as the mixing of water with hydrocarbolls or the mixing of various acids with water in waste-water-treatment processes. ~1hi~e many various motionless mixer designs have been proposed, the overall performance ~f the mixers varies. The important criteria necessary in the selection of a motionless mix~r ¦ include factors such as construction simplicity, manufacturing costs, the tendency ff ¦ the mixer to plug or foul in operation, the pressure drop, the mixing effectiveness, a~d further the ability of the motionless mixer to pick up dense components from the bottoln of a conduit and to mix such components into the main flow stream.
One motionless mixer, which employs semielliptical blade elements, is four~d in U.~;. Patent 3,652,061, which discloses a static mixing element of angularly dispos~d baffles, which baffles deflect and miX two or more fluid streams passing through the conduit. The individual blades of the baffIe assembly are firmly attached to the interi~r surface of the surrounding conduit. A spiral-flow or mixing system is also described ~n U.S. Patent 3,235,003, which discloses a plurality of various pairs of semielliptical baff e elements within a conduit, to induce helical flow, which patent relates primarily to muffle ~s and heat exchangers and the mixing of gas~s.
SUMMARY OE THE INVEN~ION
_ ~ I
The invention relates to a motionless mixer which includes a conduit defini~g a flow channel or passageway and a plurality of baffle elements composing a first and , ! ~75~i49 ¦¦second pair of plate elements, the plate elements disposed at an angle to the centra] axi~
¦¦of the conduit and extending and overlapping the plate elements of each pair. Th~
¦motionless mixer of the invention is particularly adapted for use in turbulent flow mixing ¦ of low-Yiscosity liquids. ~
I The motionless mixer apparatus of the invention is particularly useful fl, but not limited to, the turbulent flow mixing of two or more fluid streams, particularl~
low-viscosity liquid streams, such as aqueous streams. The motionless mixer providT
I for a low pressure drop per linear mixture length and exhibits goods pickup characteristiqs ¦ of denser materials from the bottom of the channel of the conduit. Further, the mix~r ¦ is characterized by simple design and low-cost construction. The motionless mixer ~s a nonplugging, open-type design composed of a basic unit of at least a first and seco~d pair of blade elements such as elliptical-type blade elements, the blade elements disposeld at an angle to the axis of the conduit, with each pair of the blade elements rotated ~t about 90 to the adjacent pair, and importantly in a meeting, overlapping relationshi~, such as with up to one-half of the length of the blade elements over and at an angle ~o the plane of the blade elements of the adjacent pair. The blade elements of the fir¦t ¦ and second pair are easily and simply secured together, such as by welding at the tips and outer edges, and thus may be slid into a conduit passageway and easily removed f¦r cleaning. I
The motionless mixer comprises a basic unit of first and second pairs, b~t may include a plurality of longitudinally aligned pairs, with every other pair disposed ~t an angle of 90 to each other, and with the blade elements of each pair overlapping t~e adjacent pair. The open-type design is nonplugging in character, in that objects of one-ha~f the diameter of the conduit may pass through the static mixer. In addition and importantl¦~, employment of a plurality of the pairs of the motionless mixer provides for a swirlir~g action at the outlet end of the conduit, so that the mixing of two or more fluid strea~ls by the motionless mixer also continues to occur in the pipe conduit downstream of t~e outlet end of the motionless mixer, without requiring an additional length of the motionle~s mixer blade elements.
The motionless mixer comprises a plurality of elliptical, and preferab Y
semielliptical, blade or plate elements in at least two pairs, with each adjacent pair, )f _3_ 75~
plate elements rotated 90~ relative to the other plate element, and preferably the ~JJ;,te elements are composed of semielliptical plate elements, although the plate elements ~ y be made up of portions of elipse, with each pair then comprising an entire elliptical shape~
Iwith the exterior elliptical edge of t~le plate elements placed in a close, sealing relations~
Iwith the interior wall of the conduit. Importantly, it has been found that, by overlappin~
or resting the blade elements of each pair, such as up to about one-half of the length o the adjoining pair, good mixing and pickup characteristics are imparted to the rnotionles mixer. The plate elements are typically disposed and secured together at an angle o generally 30 to 45 from the axis of the conduit.
The plate elements of each pair are secured together in a define~ I
configuration by a variety of means, and typically, for example, but not limited to, th+
welding at the midpoint of the major axis of the elliptical edge to the midpoint of th edge of the adjoining plate element, while the pairs are secured together, optionally an~
typically, by welding or otherwise securing the tip end or edge, wherein the periphera~
edge meets the edge of the major axis of the elipse to the outer, central peripheral edg of the overlapping plate element of the adjoining pair. This arrangement permits a pluralit of plate elements to be secured together in a number of desired pairs ranging from tw three, four, five or more, and then merely to be slid into the conduit and fit into a r elativel snug, sealing fashion against the walls of the conduit by the outside peripheral edges o the elliptical portions of the plate elements. This arrangement avoids the need fc , ¦ specialized interior wall slots or for central rods or tubes to secure together the elemen~ , ¦ which leads to difficulty in removing and cleaning the elements, and often tends to increas the pressure drop and reduce the effective mixing length of the blade elements.
The motionless mixer apparatus of the invention comprises a conduit whic may be a pipe having a central axis, and is particularly directed to turbulent flow mixir of two or more fluid streams, gas-gas, liquid-liquid or gas-liquid, but optionally ma~ ~ e used for a wide variety of applications, with the motionless mixer characterized by ~
low pressure drop per linear mixer length and good pickup characteristics, low cost n construction and an open plan design. The motionless mixer typically comprises at lea t e firs~ aDd se ~nd peir o~ mixing plrte elements, generelly erch peil hrving r. first e¦d 756~9 ! a second plate element, and typically the first plate elernents composed of portions Or ¦¦an elipse, and preferably one-half an elipse, with each plate element having a major axi~
edge and a peripheral edge, and with the first and second plate elements together formin~
u full elliptical shape. The motionless mixer has the plate elements of each pair disposeJ
at an angle of about 30 to about 60D relative to the central axis of the conduit, and thf first and second pairs of each of the plate elements disposed at an angle of about 90 in the conduit, with respect to the adjacent pair. Further and importantly, the first an~
second elliptical plate elements of each pair overlap the first and second elliptical platf elements of the adjoining pair by up to and typically about one-half of the length of eac pair. Therefore, each of the overlapping plate elements are disposed at an angle to th plane of the overlapping plate elements of the adjoining pair. The first and second adjacen~
and other pairs are secured together in the conduit, generally and preferably by securin~
together the central area of the elliptical plates at the center, inner edge of each plate and then the plate elements of each pair are disposed at a 90 angle to the adjacen~ pai~
and overlap the adjacent pair by securing the overlapping blade tip a~reas of the ellipticall plate elements to the outer peripheral edge of the adjacent plate elements, and mor~ , typically to the outer central peripheral edge of each of the adjoining plate elements.
The blade elements may vary in size and shape and, for example, wher , a square or rectangular type conduit is employed, the blade elements may comprise squarl , or rectangular blade elements in the defined overlapping relationship.
The motionless mixer of the invention may be employed in a variety o applications, such as, but not limited to, the efficient admixture and turbulent flow oil and water, to create a dispersion of the water and oil, or for waste-water treatmen , whereby it is desired to mix an acid, such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid, to an aqueo~ s waste stream to reach a neutral or other defined pH. The addition of acid to the mixe .
with the water brings down the pH and, after the stream leaves the outlet end of the mixe , because of the motion imparted in the motionless mixer, the liquid stream continues t ) s~Yirl downstreamj to provide additional mixing, and reduces the length of the mixe r required.
The motionless mixer may be constructed of a variety of materials and ma Y
Il ~27S~i49 be used in a vuricty of applications, wherein motionless or static mixing is required. Pot ~the purpose of illustration only, the invention will be described in connection with certairt ~embodiments; however, it is recognized that various changes, improvements and addition$
may be made to the illustrated motionless mixer, all falling within the spirit and scope 1 of the invention.
BRIE~ DESCRIPl`ION O~ THE VRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a motionless mixer of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal, cross-sectional view of the motionless mixer of Fi .
1 along the central axis of the conduit;
Fig. 3 is a side view of a basic unit pair of the motionless mixer of th invention; and Fig. 4 is an end view of the basic unit pair of the motionless mixer of Fi .
3, viewing Fig. 3 from the left-hand side.
DESC3'clP'rlON OF THE EMBODIMENTS
Fig. 1 is a perspective view and Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the motionle s mixer 10 which includes a cylindrical conduit 10, which conduit contains thereon thr e pairs of nested, semielliptical blade elements slidably positioned in the cylindric 11 passage~vay of the conduit. Any two adjoining pairs; for example, 14 with 141, compri~ 'e the basic pair of blade elements of the invention. SemieLliptical blade elements 16 al Id 18 form a first pair, 20 and 22 form the middle second pair, and 24 and 26 form ~he thil d last pair.
As illustrated, each pair is disposed to the adjoining pair at an angle of 9 )o to the axis of the conduit. The blade elements of each pair 16 and 18, 20 and 22 and 2~
and 26 are secured together, such as by spot-welding 28, 30 and 32, at the middle of t le major-axis straight edge of the blade elements, with the plane of each blade eleme nt at an angle of 30 from the axis of the conduit 12. The blades of each pair are in a nestir gl overlapping relationship with the blades of the adjoining pair, with the edge tips of t ~e overlapping bl e elements secured, such rs oy spot-welding 34, 36, 38 rnd 40, to t~e i ~L275649 middle, outer ellipsoid~l edge of the overlapped blade elements.
The blade elements have the outer ellipsoidal edge in a close, snug-fitting~
but slidable, relationship with the interior wall of the conduit 12. As illustrated, the bladT
elements overlap about one-half of the axial length of the adjoining blade elements. This ¦arrangement permits more pair elements to be inserted easily into a fixed length of th~
jconduit, than with nonnesting elements. The end pairs may be retained in position durin use, by welding or the use of nonsliding plugs, or raised shoulders in the conduit passageway~
adhesives, or other securing means, to prevent the movement of the pairs once in position.
Fig. 3 is a side plan view of a basic pair of blade elements 16, 18, 20 anfl ¦22J while Fig. 4 is an end plan view of Fig. 3 taken from the left-hand side of Fig. 3.
¦ A comparison test was carried out employing a basic unit of a two-pai , ¦semielliptical-bladed, motionless mixer of the invention, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and , ¦with commercially available motionless mixers, in respect to pressure drop, mixing abilit ¦and pickup capability. The test was carried out by the turbulent mixing of an aqueou stream containing dye of 1 part per 100 parts of water in a 2-inch pipe in a turbulent mixin~
of the two liquid streams, with the following results:
Mixer ~P ~10 gpm* LM ~10 gpm** Mixer Length Pickup (" w.c.)(diameters) ("~ Capability 5 gpm . _ Komax 1) 2.8 28 6.6 Fair - Good Ross 2) 3.8 14 5.0 Good - Very Good Koflo 3) 1.1 >48 5.5 Fair - Good Kenics 4) 1.3 28 6.1 Fair - Good Statiflo 5) 1.2 38 6.25 Fair . _ ._ _ Invention 1.2 26 5.5 Good - Very Good (plates at 30 from axis) '~'Re = 15,760 @ 10 gpm ~*LM = the number OI diameters downstream of the dye injection poir t I at which the mixture is visually completely homogeneous in both radial and axial directions I
lZ75649 ¦ l I) h'omax is a registered trademark of Komax Systems, Inc. (see U.S
¦¦Patent 4,034,965).
Static mixing or motionless mixing apparatuses have been found to b~
effective for mixing together two or more fluid streams, to prepare a final mixed produc1j.
~ ~ Such static or motionless mixers typically comprise a plurality of baffle-type elementf ¦disposed in a particular arrangement within a conduit, the baffle so arranged to providle for a plurality of subdivisions, as two or more streams are passed from the one to the other ends of the conduit containing the motionless mixer. A wide variety of vario~s baffle designs of different shapes and geometric configurations has been proposed anjd I used in connection with motionless mixers. ~or example, there are many motionless mixers ¦ available for the mixing of two or more low-viscosity liquids in turbulent flow; for exampl~, ¦ with a Reynolds number of 10,000 or more, such as the mixing of water with hydrocarbolls or the mixing of various acids with water in waste-water-treatment processes. ~1hi~e many various motionless mixer designs have been proposed, the overall performance ~f the mixers varies. The important criteria necessary in the selection of a motionless mix~r ¦ include factors such as construction simplicity, manufacturing costs, the tendency ff ¦ the mixer to plug or foul in operation, the pressure drop, the mixing effectiveness, a~d further the ability of the motionless mixer to pick up dense components from the bottoln of a conduit and to mix such components into the main flow stream.
One motionless mixer, which employs semielliptical blade elements, is four~d in U.~;. Patent 3,652,061, which discloses a static mixing element of angularly dispos~d baffles, which baffles deflect and miX two or more fluid streams passing through the conduit. The individual blades of the baffIe assembly are firmly attached to the interi~r surface of the surrounding conduit. A spiral-flow or mixing system is also described ~n U.S. Patent 3,235,003, which discloses a plurality of various pairs of semielliptical baff e elements within a conduit, to induce helical flow, which patent relates primarily to muffle ~s and heat exchangers and the mixing of gas~s.
SUMMARY OE THE INVEN~ION
_ ~ I
The invention relates to a motionless mixer which includes a conduit defini~g a flow channel or passageway and a plurality of baffle elements composing a first and , ! ~75~i49 ¦¦second pair of plate elements, the plate elements disposed at an angle to the centra] axi~
¦¦of the conduit and extending and overlapping the plate elements of each pair. Th~
¦motionless mixer of the invention is particularly adapted for use in turbulent flow mixing ¦ of low-Yiscosity liquids. ~
I The motionless mixer apparatus of the invention is particularly useful fl, but not limited to, the turbulent flow mixing of two or more fluid streams, particularl~
low-viscosity liquid streams, such as aqueous streams. The motionless mixer providT
I for a low pressure drop per linear mixture length and exhibits goods pickup characteristiqs ¦ of denser materials from the bottom of the channel of the conduit. Further, the mix~r ¦ is characterized by simple design and low-cost construction. The motionless mixer ~s a nonplugging, open-type design composed of a basic unit of at least a first and seco~d pair of blade elements such as elliptical-type blade elements, the blade elements disposeld at an angle to the axis of the conduit, with each pair of the blade elements rotated ~t about 90 to the adjacent pair, and importantly in a meeting, overlapping relationshi~, such as with up to one-half of the length of the blade elements over and at an angle ~o the plane of the blade elements of the adjacent pair. The blade elements of the fir¦t ¦ and second pair are easily and simply secured together, such as by welding at the tips and outer edges, and thus may be slid into a conduit passageway and easily removed f¦r cleaning. I
The motionless mixer comprises a basic unit of first and second pairs, b~t may include a plurality of longitudinally aligned pairs, with every other pair disposed ~t an angle of 90 to each other, and with the blade elements of each pair overlapping t~e adjacent pair. The open-type design is nonplugging in character, in that objects of one-ha~f the diameter of the conduit may pass through the static mixer. In addition and importantl¦~, employment of a plurality of the pairs of the motionless mixer provides for a swirlir~g action at the outlet end of the conduit, so that the mixing of two or more fluid strea~ls by the motionless mixer also continues to occur in the pipe conduit downstream of t~e outlet end of the motionless mixer, without requiring an additional length of the motionle~s mixer blade elements.
The motionless mixer comprises a plurality of elliptical, and preferab Y
semielliptical, blade or plate elements in at least two pairs, with each adjacent pair, )f _3_ 75~
plate elements rotated 90~ relative to the other plate element, and preferably the ~JJ;,te elements are composed of semielliptical plate elements, although the plate elements ~ y be made up of portions of elipse, with each pair then comprising an entire elliptical shape~
Iwith the exterior elliptical edge of t~le plate elements placed in a close, sealing relations~
Iwith the interior wall of the conduit. Importantly, it has been found that, by overlappin~
or resting the blade elements of each pair, such as up to about one-half of the length o the adjoining pair, good mixing and pickup characteristics are imparted to the rnotionles mixer. The plate elements are typically disposed and secured together at an angle o generally 30 to 45 from the axis of the conduit.
The plate elements of each pair are secured together in a define~ I
configuration by a variety of means, and typically, for example, but not limited to, th+
welding at the midpoint of the major axis of the elliptical edge to the midpoint of th edge of the adjoining plate element, while the pairs are secured together, optionally an~
typically, by welding or otherwise securing the tip end or edge, wherein the periphera~
edge meets the edge of the major axis of the elipse to the outer, central peripheral edg of the overlapping plate element of the adjoining pair. This arrangement permits a pluralit of plate elements to be secured together in a number of desired pairs ranging from tw three, four, five or more, and then merely to be slid into the conduit and fit into a r elativel snug, sealing fashion against the walls of the conduit by the outside peripheral edges o the elliptical portions of the plate elements. This arrangement avoids the need fc , ¦ specialized interior wall slots or for central rods or tubes to secure together the elemen~ , ¦ which leads to difficulty in removing and cleaning the elements, and often tends to increas the pressure drop and reduce the effective mixing length of the blade elements.
The motionless mixer apparatus of the invention comprises a conduit whic may be a pipe having a central axis, and is particularly directed to turbulent flow mixir of two or more fluid streams, gas-gas, liquid-liquid or gas-liquid, but optionally ma~ ~ e used for a wide variety of applications, with the motionless mixer characterized by ~
low pressure drop per linear mixer length and good pickup characteristics, low cost n construction and an open plan design. The motionless mixer typically comprises at lea t e firs~ aDd se ~nd peir o~ mixing plrte elements, generelly erch peil hrving r. first e¦d 756~9 ! a second plate element, and typically the first plate elernents composed of portions Or ¦¦an elipse, and preferably one-half an elipse, with each plate element having a major axi~
edge and a peripheral edge, and with the first and second plate elements together formin~
u full elliptical shape. The motionless mixer has the plate elements of each pair disposeJ
at an angle of about 30 to about 60D relative to the central axis of the conduit, and thf first and second pairs of each of the plate elements disposed at an angle of about 90 in the conduit, with respect to the adjacent pair. Further and importantly, the first an~
second elliptical plate elements of each pair overlap the first and second elliptical platf elements of the adjoining pair by up to and typically about one-half of the length of eac pair. Therefore, each of the overlapping plate elements are disposed at an angle to th plane of the overlapping plate elements of the adjoining pair. The first and second adjacen~
and other pairs are secured together in the conduit, generally and preferably by securin~
together the central area of the elliptical plates at the center, inner edge of each plate and then the plate elements of each pair are disposed at a 90 angle to the adjacen~ pai~
and overlap the adjacent pair by securing the overlapping blade tip a~reas of the ellipticall plate elements to the outer peripheral edge of the adjacent plate elements, and mor~ , typically to the outer central peripheral edge of each of the adjoining plate elements.
The blade elements may vary in size and shape and, for example, wher , a square or rectangular type conduit is employed, the blade elements may comprise squarl , or rectangular blade elements in the defined overlapping relationship.
The motionless mixer of the invention may be employed in a variety o applications, such as, but not limited to, the efficient admixture and turbulent flow oil and water, to create a dispersion of the water and oil, or for waste-water treatmen , whereby it is desired to mix an acid, such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid, to an aqueo~ s waste stream to reach a neutral or other defined pH. The addition of acid to the mixe .
with the water brings down the pH and, after the stream leaves the outlet end of the mixe , because of the motion imparted in the motionless mixer, the liquid stream continues t ) s~Yirl downstreamj to provide additional mixing, and reduces the length of the mixe r required.
The motionless mixer may be constructed of a variety of materials and ma Y
Il ~27S~i49 be used in a vuricty of applications, wherein motionless or static mixing is required. Pot ~the purpose of illustration only, the invention will be described in connection with certairt ~embodiments; however, it is recognized that various changes, improvements and addition$
may be made to the illustrated motionless mixer, all falling within the spirit and scope 1 of the invention.
BRIE~ DESCRIPl`ION O~ THE VRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a motionless mixer of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal, cross-sectional view of the motionless mixer of Fi .
1 along the central axis of the conduit;
Fig. 3 is a side view of a basic unit pair of the motionless mixer of th invention; and Fig. 4 is an end view of the basic unit pair of the motionless mixer of Fi .
3, viewing Fig. 3 from the left-hand side.
DESC3'clP'rlON OF THE EMBODIMENTS
Fig. 1 is a perspective view and Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the motionle s mixer 10 which includes a cylindrical conduit 10, which conduit contains thereon thr e pairs of nested, semielliptical blade elements slidably positioned in the cylindric 11 passage~vay of the conduit. Any two adjoining pairs; for example, 14 with 141, compri~ 'e the basic pair of blade elements of the invention. SemieLliptical blade elements 16 al Id 18 form a first pair, 20 and 22 form the middle second pair, and 24 and 26 form ~he thil d last pair.
As illustrated, each pair is disposed to the adjoining pair at an angle of 9 )o to the axis of the conduit. The blade elements of each pair 16 and 18, 20 and 22 and 2~
and 26 are secured together, such as by spot-welding 28, 30 and 32, at the middle of t le major-axis straight edge of the blade elements, with the plane of each blade eleme nt at an angle of 30 from the axis of the conduit 12. The blades of each pair are in a nestir gl overlapping relationship with the blades of the adjoining pair, with the edge tips of t ~e overlapping bl e elements secured, such rs oy spot-welding 34, 36, 38 rnd 40, to t~e i ~L275649 middle, outer ellipsoid~l edge of the overlapped blade elements.
The blade elements have the outer ellipsoidal edge in a close, snug-fitting~
but slidable, relationship with the interior wall of the conduit 12. As illustrated, the bladT
elements overlap about one-half of the axial length of the adjoining blade elements. This ¦arrangement permits more pair elements to be inserted easily into a fixed length of th~
jconduit, than with nonnesting elements. The end pairs may be retained in position durin use, by welding or the use of nonsliding plugs, or raised shoulders in the conduit passageway~
adhesives, or other securing means, to prevent the movement of the pairs once in position.
Fig. 3 is a side plan view of a basic pair of blade elements 16, 18, 20 anfl ¦22J while Fig. 4 is an end plan view of Fig. 3 taken from the left-hand side of Fig. 3.
¦ A comparison test was carried out employing a basic unit of a two-pai , ¦semielliptical-bladed, motionless mixer of the invention, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and , ¦with commercially available motionless mixers, in respect to pressure drop, mixing abilit ¦and pickup capability. The test was carried out by the turbulent mixing of an aqueou stream containing dye of 1 part per 100 parts of water in a 2-inch pipe in a turbulent mixin~
of the two liquid streams, with the following results:
Mixer ~P ~10 gpm* LM ~10 gpm** Mixer Length Pickup (" w.c.)(diameters) ("~ Capability 5 gpm . _ Komax 1) 2.8 28 6.6 Fair - Good Ross 2) 3.8 14 5.0 Good - Very Good Koflo 3) 1.1 >48 5.5 Fair - Good Kenics 4) 1.3 28 6.1 Fair - Good Statiflo 5) 1.2 38 6.25 Fair . _ ._ _ Invention 1.2 26 5.5 Good - Very Good (plates at 30 from axis) '~'Re = 15,760 @ 10 gpm ~*LM = the number OI diameters downstream of the dye injection poir t I at which the mixture is visually completely homogeneous in both radial and axial directions I
lZ75649 ¦ l I) h'omax is a registered trademark of Komax Systems, Inc. (see U.S
¦¦Patent 4,034,965).
2) Ross is a trademark of Charles Ross ~ Son Company (see U.S. Paten 3,652,061 - mixer tested had plates at 45 axis) ¦ 3) Koflo is a trademark of Koflo Corporation (see U.S. Patent 4~072,296) 4) Kenics is a trademark of Clevepak Corporation (see bow-tie-typl .
mixer shown in U.S. Patent 4,314,974) 5) Statiflo i5 a trademark of Cleveland Mixed Division of EMI, Inc. (sel , U.S. Patent 4,072,296) As illustrated by the comparative data above, the motionless mixer of th ~
invention provides for both good pickup characteristics and low pressure drop. Furthe~, as illustrated, the motionless mixer of the invention is of an open-plug design and is easi] Y
fabricated at low cost and is simply installed and removed from the conduit, while providin ~
the additional advantage of a swirIing motion in the conduit downstream of the motionle s mixer blade outlet.
What is claimed is:
::
mixer shown in U.S. Patent 4,314,974) 5) Statiflo i5 a trademark of Cleveland Mixed Division of EMI, Inc. (sel , U.S. Patent 4,072,296) As illustrated by the comparative data above, the motionless mixer of th ~
invention provides for both good pickup characteristics and low pressure drop. Furthe~, as illustrated, the motionless mixer of the invention is of an open-plug design and is easi] Y
fabricated at low cost and is simply installed and removed from the conduit, while providin ~
the additional advantage of a swirIing motion in the conduit downstream of the motionle s mixer blade outlet.
What is claimed is:
::
Claims (14)
- Claim 1. A motionless mixer for use in a conduit, having an axis to provide for the turbulent flow mixing of two or more fluid streams, with a low pressure drop per linear mixer length and with good pickup characteristics, and which mixer apparatus comprises in combination:
a) a plurality of pairs of mixing plate elements composed of at least a first and second pair of mixing plate elements, each pair having a first and second plate element, each plate element having inner and outer edges;
b) the plate elements of each pair disposed at an angle of about 30° to 60°
from the axis of the conduit;
c) the pairs of mixing plate elements in the conduit disposed at an angle of about 90° with respect to each other;
d) the first and second plate elements of each pair of mixing plate elements disposed in a nesting overlapping relationship with the first and second plate elements of the adjacent pair, so that each of the plate elements is disposed at an angle to the plane of the overlap plate element; and e) means to secure together the first and second plate elements of each pair in the desired angular relationship and to secure the plate elements overlapping the adjacent pairs to the overlap plate elements. - Claim 2. The mixer of claim 1 wherein the first and second plate elements of each pair are composed of portions of an elipse having a plate tip at each end, and the first and second plate elements together of each pair forming a full elliptical shape, wherein the conduit comprises a cylindrical passageway.
- Claim 3. The mixer of claim 1 wherein the plate elements are disposed at an angle of about 30° to 60° from the axis of the conduit.
- Claim 4. The mixer of claim 1 wherein the plate elements of each pair are secured together at the middle intercepting edge of each element.
- Claim 5. The mixer of claim 2 wherein the plate elements of the first and second pair are secured together in a nesting overlapping relationship, by securing the plate tips of the overlapping plate elements of each pair to the outer edge of the overlapped plate elements.
- Claim 6. The mixer of claim 2 wherein the plate elements comprise semielliptical plate elements and the semielliptical plate elements of each pair are secured together at the internal edge and the nesting overlapping plate elements are secured at their outer tips to the outer peripheral edge of the overlapped elements of the next adjacent pair.
- Claim 7. The mixer of claim 1 wherein the conduit extends beyond the outlet end of the plurality of motionless mixers, to permit the mixed fluids to swirl in the extended conduit.
- Claim 8. The mixer of claim 1 which includes a conduit having an inlet end for the introduction of fluids to be mixed and an outlet end for the removal of mixed fluids, and which includes the motionless mixer disposed in the conduit for the mixing of fluids.
- Claim 9. A motionless mixer for the turbulent flow mixing of two or more fluid streams, which mixer comprises:
a) a conduit having an interior wall surface, to define a cylindrical passageway with a central axis, and an inlet end for the introduction of fluids to b;e mixed and an outlet end for the removal of mixed fluids; and b) a mixer apparatus which comprises (i) a plurality of pairs of semielliptical plate elements composed of at least a first and a second pair, the pairs each composed of first and second semielliptical mixing plate elements, the mixing plates having an internal major axis edge, an external, semielliptical edge and a blade tip at each end where the edges meet, (ii) the plate elements of each pair secured together at about the midpoint of the major axis edge at an angle of about 30° to 60° from the central axis of the conduit, (iii) each pair of the plate elements disposed in the conduit at an angle of about 90° with respect to the adjoining pair, (iv) the first and second plate elements of each pair disposed in an overlapping, nesting relationship with the first and second plate elements of each adjoining pair of about one-half the length of the major axis of the plate elements, and (v) means to secure the plate elements in the nesting, overlapping relationship within the conduit, which includes securing the plate tips of the overlapped plate elements to the external edge of the adjoining plate elements, the plate elements so secured adapted to be positioned slidably in the passageway in a snug relationship within the passageway and to have the peripheral, external edge of the plate elements in a snug relationship with the interior wall of the passageway. - Claim 10. A method of mixing two or more turbulent, low-viscosity fluid streams, which method comprises:
a) introducing the two or more low-viscosity, turbulent-flow fluid streams into one end of a conduit which contains therein a motionless mixer which comprises (i) a plurality of pairs of mixing plate elements composed of at least a first and second pair of mixing plate elements, each pair having a first and second plate element, each plate element having inner and outer edges, (ii) the plate elements of each pair disposed at an angle of about 30° to 60° from the axis of the conduit, (iii) the pairs of mixing plate elements in the conduit disposed at an angle of about 90° with respect to each other, (iv) the first and second plate elements of each pair of mixing plate elements disposed in a nesting overlapping relationship with the first and second plate elements of the adjacent pair, so that each of the plate elements is disposed at an angle to the plane of the overlap plate element, and (v) means to secure together the first and second plate elements of each pair in the desired angular relationship and to secure the plate elements overlapping the adjacent pairs to the overlap plate elements; and b) withdrawing from the other end of the conduit a mixed fluid stream. - Claim 11. The method of claim 10 which includes extending the other end of the conduit beyond the end of the motionless mixer, to provide for the continued mixing of the fluid stream in the extended conduit, after discharge of the fluid stream from the other discharge end of the motionless mixer.
- Claim 12. The method of claim 10 wherein the plate elements are elliptical plate elements disposed at an angle of about 30° from the axis of the conduit.
- Claim 13. The method of claim 10 wherein one fluid stream to be mixed comprises a water stream, and the other fluid stream to be mixed comprises an oil stream.
- Claim 14.The method of claim 10 wherein one fluid stream to be mixed comprises an aqueous waste-water stream, and the other fluid stream to be mixed comprises an aqueous acid-containing stream.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US774,927 | 1985-09-11 | ||
| US06/774,927 US4643584A (en) | 1985-09-11 | 1985-09-11 | Motionless mixer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1275649C true CA1275649C (en) | 1990-10-30 |
Family
ID=25102723
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000515029A Expired - Lifetime CA1275649C (en) | 1985-09-11 | 1986-07-30 | Motionless mixer |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4643584A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1275649C (en) |
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| CH669336A5 (en) * | 1985-12-11 | 1989-03-15 | Sulzer Ag | |
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| US5092528A (en) * | 1987-09-24 | 1992-03-03 | Cozzini, Inc. | Meat emulsifying and processing system |
| EP0546989B1 (en) * | 1991-12-10 | 1995-11-15 | Sulzer Chemtech AG | Static mixing element with guiding faces |
| US5266343A (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1993-11-30 | Stauffer John E | Pasteurization process for dairy products |
| GB2273529B (en) * | 1992-12-15 | 1995-07-12 | Fuelsaver Overseas Ltd | Fuel reduction device |
| US5758967A (en) * | 1993-04-19 | 1998-06-02 | Komax Systems, Inc. | Non-clogging motionless mixing apparatus |
| NL9301578A (en) * | 1993-09-13 | 1995-04-03 | Stork Protecon Bv | Device for massaging a meat portion. |
| ES2172574T5 (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 2012-11-29 | Alkermes, Inc. | Preparation of biodegradable microparticles containing a biologically active agent |
| US5650173A (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1997-07-22 | Alkermes Controlled Therapeutics Inc. Ii | Preparation of biodegradable microparticles containing a biologically active agent |
| ES2236700T3 (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 2005-07-16 | Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. | 1,2-MICROENCAPSULATED BENZAZOLS. |
| ES2132579T3 (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1999-08-16 | Sulzer Chemtech Ag | STATIC MIXER FOR VISCOUS FLUIDS. |
| US5792321A (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1998-08-11 | Institute Of Paper Science & Technology, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to enhance paper and board forming qualities |
| US6425984B2 (en) | 1995-10-20 | 2002-07-30 | Institute Of Paper Science And Technology, Inc. | Layered fiber structure in paper products |
| US6153057A (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 2000-11-28 | Institute Of Paper Science And Technology, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to enhance paper and board forming qualities |
| US6368460B1 (en) | 1995-10-20 | 2002-04-09 | Institute Of Paper Science And Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus to enhance paper and board forming qualities |
| US6406595B1 (en) | 1995-10-20 | 2002-06-18 | Institute Of Paper Science And Technology, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to enhance paper and board forming qualities |
| GB2325240B (en) * | 1997-05-17 | 2001-03-21 | Michael Gilligan | Fuel conditioning device |
| US6254267B1 (en) | 1997-11-06 | 2001-07-03 | Hydrotreat, Inc. | Method and apparatus for mixing dry powder into liquids |
| TW486380B (en) | 1999-04-19 | 2002-05-11 | Koch Glitsch Inc | Vortex static mixer and method employing same |
| WO2002043846A1 (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 2002-06-06 | Ohr Co., Ltd. | Cavitation generating device and fluid mixing device using the device |
| US20060108014A1 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2006-05-25 | Marsh Andrew D | Automotive power steering systems |
| US7600911B2 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2009-10-13 | Bechtold Gerald L | Water-mixing device, sand trap and method of using same |
| US20070297285A1 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-27 | Cross William M | Fractal distributor for two phase mixing |
| US20070299292A1 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-27 | Catalytic Distillation Technologies | Paraffin alkylation |
| US8391696B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2013-03-05 | Gaumer Company, Inc. | Fuel gas conditioning system with scissor baffles |
| US8295692B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2012-10-23 | Gaumer Company, Inc. | Scissor baffles for fuel gas conditioning system |
| KR20110077494A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-07 | 삼성전기주식회사 | Supply-pipe and mixing reservoir having the same |
| US8393782B2 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2013-03-12 | Robert S. Smith | Motionless mixing device having primary and secondary feed ports |
| GB201100673D0 (en) * | 2011-01-15 | 2011-03-02 | Statiflo Internat Ltd | Static mixer assembly |
| WO2013039750A1 (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | Planar Solutions, Llc | Homogeneous blending |
| GB2496897A (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2013-05-29 | Colvistec Ag | Measurement of colour strength of a diffusely reflective liquid e.g. paint |
| US9713893B2 (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2017-07-25 | Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. | Method of preconditioning comestible materials using steam/water static mixer |
| CN105642145B (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2018-12-28 | 广州市八通混合器有限公司 | A kind of large size static mixer |
| KR101680522B1 (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-29 | 한주호 | Water treatment bubble plasma unit |
| TWI796356B (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2023-03-21 | 美商科氏格利奇有限合夥公司 | Static mixing devices and method of manufacture |
| US11583827B2 (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2023-02-21 | Koch-Glitsch, Lp | Countercurrent contacting devices and method of manufacture |
| US11654405B2 (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2023-05-23 | Koch-Glitsch, Lp | Countercurrent contacting devices and method of manufacture |
| US11701627B2 (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2023-07-18 | Koch-Glitsch, Lp | Countercurrent contacting devices and method of manufacture |
| CN108554213B (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2023-09-26 | 南京工业职业技术学院 | Cutting fluid multicomponent on-line mixing mechanism based on micro-lubrication |
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| US3190618A (en) * | 1963-04-30 | 1965-06-22 | Katzen Raphael | Fluid mixer |
| US3235003A (en) * | 1963-06-04 | 1966-02-15 | Cloyd D Smith | Spiral flow baffle system |
| US3652061A (en) * | 1971-03-04 | 1972-03-28 | Dow Chemical Co | Interfacial surface generator and method of preparation thereof |
| US4034965A (en) * | 1973-12-27 | 1977-07-12 | Komax Systems, Inc. | Material distributing and mixing apparatus |
| US4072296A (en) * | 1975-07-16 | 1978-02-07 | Doom Lewis G | Motionless mixer |
| US4296779A (en) * | 1979-10-09 | 1981-10-27 | Smick Ronald H | Turbulator with ganged strips |
| US4511258A (en) * | 1983-03-25 | 1985-04-16 | Koflo Corporation | Static material mixing apparatus |
-
1985
- 1985-09-11 US US06/774,927 patent/US4643584A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1986
- 1986-07-30 CA CA000515029A patent/CA1275649C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4643584A (en) | 1987-02-17 |
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| MKLA | Lapsed |