CA1302040C - Assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks and a framework - Google Patents
Assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks and a frameworkInfo
- Publication number
- CA1302040C CA1302040C CA000570477A CA570477A CA1302040C CA 1302040 C CA1302040 C CA 1302040C CA 000570477 A CA000570477 A CA 000570477A CA 570477 A CA570477 A CA 570477A CA 1302040 C CA1302040 C CA 1302040C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- plank
- shaped
- shaped projecting
- plates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
- E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
- E04D3/361—Connecting; Fastening by specially-profiled marginal portions of the slabs or sheets
- E04D3/363—Connecting; Fastening by specially-profiled marginal portions of the slabs or sheets with snap action
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/72—Non-load-bearing walls of elements of relatively thin form with respect to the thickness of the wall
- E04B2/721—Non-load-bearing walls of elements of relatively thin form with respect to the thickness of the wall connections specially adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/026—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of plastic
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
- E04C2/526—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits with adaptations not otherwise provided for, for connecting, transport; for making impervious or hermetic, e.g. sealings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
- E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
- E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
- E04D3/357—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation comprising hollow cavities
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
- E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
- E04D3/366—Connecting; Fastening by closing the space between the slabs or sheets by gutters, bulges, or bridging elements, e.g. strips
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
- E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
- E04D3/361—Connecting; Fastening by specially-profiled marginal portions of the slabs or sheets
- E04D2003/3617—Connecting; Fastening by specially-profiled marginal portions of the slabs or sheets with locking or snapping edges located in the thickness of the slab or sheet
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An improved assembly includes a framework, two interconnected similar plastic planks, and a fastener for attaching the planks to the framework. The improvement wherein each of the planks includes an L-shaped outwardly projecting plate on a side thereof and U-shaped projecting plate on the opposite side thereof. The L-shaped projecting plate of one of the planks can be held within and on the U-shape projecting plate of the other of the planks to provide a water-proof effect when the planks are interconnected side by side. A U-shaped cover is sleeved on the U-shaped projecting plate so as to provide an additional water-proof effect.
An improved assembly includes a framework, two interconnected similar plastic planks, and a fastener for attaching the planks to the framework. The improvement wherein each of the planks includes an L-shaped outwardly projecting plate on a side thereof and U-shaped projecting plate on the opposite side thereof. The L-shaped projecting plate of one of the planks can be held within and on the U-shape projecting plate of the other of the planks to provide a water-proof effect when the planks are interconnected side by side. A U-shaped cover is sleeved on the U-shaped projecting plate so as to provide an additional water-proof effect.
Description
2(111~
IMPROVED ASSEMBLY OF TWO INTERCONNECTED
SI~ILAR PLASTI~ PLANKS ~ND A FRAMEWORK
BACKGR~ND OF T~E INVENTION
The present invention relates to an assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks and a framework, and more partic~larly to one in which the planks are firmly interconnected.
In recent years, instead of a tile roof, a series of interconnected similar plastic planks have been positioned and fastened onto rafters r~nning from the peak of the roof to its eaves in a side by side manner so as to form a sheathing. Referring to Fig. l, there are shown two interconnected conventional planks A' and B'. Each of the conventional planks A' and B' has a U-shaped side portio~ l and an inverted ~-shaped side portion 2. Each of the U-shaped side portion 1 and the inverted U-shaped side portion 2 has an inwardly inclined end edge ll, 21 so that the inverted U-shaped side portion 2 of the plank A' is held on the V-shaped side portion l of the plank B'. When the planks are interconnected, a seal strip 3 is used to seal the V-shaped side portion l so as to provide a water-proof effect. I~ absence of the seal strip 3, s~ch an ass~bly i5 not water-proof. In addition, it is easy for the two interconnected side portions l and 2 to loosen from each other. Furthermore, after the seal strip 3 is provided between the two interconnected -- 1 -- ~, '' , ,, ' ' ' ' ' ' ~ ~ ' ~3~2~
planks A' and B', the asse~bly becomes unsightly.
SUMMARY OF T~E I~VENTION
It is an object of the present i~vention to provide an improved assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks and a framework, in which the planks can be firmly interconnected before they are fastened onto the framework.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks and a framework, which can be water-proof without the sealing of a seal strip.
According to the present invention, the improved assembly is of the type having two interconnected similar plastic planks, a framework, and a fastening means for attaching the plan'~s to the framework, the planks inc~ding a first plank and a second plank, characterized in that each of the planks incl~des a first side including an L-shaped projecting plate thereon, a second side positioned opposite to the first side and including a U-shaped projecting plate thereon, and means formed on the L-shaped projecting plate and the U-shaped projecting plate for holding the L-shaped projecting plate of the first plank within and on the U-shaped projecting plate of the second plank.
Each of the L-shaped projecting plates includes a vertical plate extending longitudinally upwardly from the upper surface of the plank, and a horizontal plate .. ..
,,:
~L3~
extending horizontally outwardly from the end of the vertical plate.
Each of the U-sbaped projecting plates incl~des a long vertical plate extending longitudinally upwardly from the upper surface of the plank a distance slightly greater than that of the vertical plate of the L-shaped projecting plate, a horizontal plate extending horizontally outwardly from the end of the long vertical plate of the U-shaped projecting plate a distance slightly greater than that of the horizontal platè of the L-shaped projecting plate, and a short vertical plate extending longit~1dinally downwardly from the end of the horizontal plate of the U-shaped projecting plate a distance less than that of the long vertical plate.
Accordingly, the L-shaped projecting plate of the first plank can be held within and on the U-shaped projecting plate of the second plank. If necessary, the number of the planks may be increased to from an architectural plastic roof or partition wall.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional 3 __ ~oæo40 assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks;
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an improved assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks, a U-shaped cover, a rectang~lar tube, and a tap scre~
S according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which the tap screw and the rectangular t~be are shown in the phantom lines, the U-shaped cover being sleeved on the planks by two transverse tongue and groove engagement means;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing one of the planks of the improved assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the right side of the plan~ according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the left side of the plank according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing part of the U-shaped cover according to the first em~odiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing the V-shaped cover according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing an improved assembly of two interconnected similar plastic plank, a U-shaped cover, and a tap screw according to a second , ~3~2~4~
e~bodiment of the present invention, in which three longit~dinal tongue and groove engagement Means are provided between the U-shaped cover and eacn of the planks;
Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a first for~
of transverse tongue and groove engagement means which is used between the U-shaped cover and each of the planks according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a schematic showing a second form of transverse tongue and groove engagement means which is used between the U-shaped cover and each of the planks according to a fourth embodiment of the present ~ invention;
lS Fig. ll is a schematic view showing a third form of transverse tongue and groove engagement means which is used between the U-shaped cover and each of the planks according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 12 is a schematic sectional view showing an improved assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks, a rectangular tube, a tap screw, and a framework according to ~ sixth embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing an tongue and groove engagement means provided between the rectangular tube and the plank according to a seventh __ 5 __ .
2[J~
e~bodiment of the p~esent invention;
Fig. 14 is a schematic sectional view of an improved assem~ly o~ two interconnected similar plastic planks, a rafter, and a ~-shaped hook ac~ording to a eighth embodiment of the present invention; and ~ig. 15 is a perspective view of the plank according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESC~IPTION OF THE PRE ERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to Fig. 2 with reference to Figs. 3 to 7, an assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention comprises two interconnected similar plastic planks A and B, a U-shaped cover 4, a rectangular tube 5, and a tap screw 6. Integrally formed on the right side of the plank A, B are a right L-shaped projecting plate 31 and an L-shaped abutment portion la. The planks A and B are holiow and reinforced by means of webs W (see Fig. 3) formed inside the planks A and B. Integrally formed on the left side of the plank A, B are a U-shaped projecting : plate 32 and a left L-shaped abutment portion 2a. The right abutment portion la of the left plank A abuts against the left a~utment portion 2a of the right plank ~ .
The L-shaped projecting plate 31 includes a vertical plate 311 and a horizontal plate 312.
Projecting from the left surface of the vertical plate : , .. .
2~
311 are two inclined plates 313 forming a retaining slot there~etween. The U-shaped projecting plate 32 includes a long ve~tical plate 321 formed with two inclined plates 323 on the right surface thereof, a horizontal plates 322, and a short vertical plate 324 having a barb-like end 325. The U-shaped projecting plate 32 of the right plank B is sleeved on the L-shaped projecting plate 31 of the left plank A while permitting the barb-like end 325 of the right plank B
to engage with the retaining slot provided between the inclined plates 313 of the left plank A. It is noted that the short vertical plate 324 of the U-shaped projecting plate 32 can provide a water-proof effect when the assembly is used as a roof.
Preferably, the vertical plate 311 and the horizontal plate 3}2 of the L-snaped projecting plate 31 form an angle ~1 slightly greater than 90 degrees therebetween so that the free end of the L-shaped projecting plate 31 of the left plank A pushes the U-shaped projecting plate 32 of the right plank B
upwardly.
The U-shaped cover 4 consists of two parallel vertical plates 41 and 42, and a web 43 interconnecting the vertical plates 41 and 42. Each of the parallel vertical plates 41 and 42 has a barb-like end 411, 421 respectively retained between the upper surface Al and the inclined plates 313 of the left plank A and between the upper surface Bl and the inclined plates 323 of the right pl~n~ ~ when the U-shaped cover 9 is sleeved on the ~-shaped projecting plate 32 of the riqht plank B
and hence on the L-shaped projecting pLate 31 of the S left plank A. Each of the parallel vertical plates 41r 92 and the web 43 form an angle 12, 13 slightly less thzn gO degrees so that the barb-like ends 411 and 421 of the U-shaped cover ~ press over each of the planks A
and B.
Referring to Fig 2, the L-shaped projecting plate 31 and t'he right abutment portion la of the left plank A, and the U-shaped projecting plate 32 and the left abutment portion 2a of the right plank B define a generally parallelepiped space for receiving tightly the rectangular tube 5 which is shown in the phantom lines. Bélow the planks A and B, not shown is a framework which has a tap hole. Through holes are provided in the portion of the L-shaped projecting plate 31, the U-shaped projecting plate 32, the right abutment portion la, and the left abutment portion 2a opposing the tap hole of the framework for the insertion of the tap screw 6 therethrough.
It is ~nderstood that of the U-shaped cover 4 can provide ~n additional water-proof effect to the assembly of the present invention when it is ~sed as a roof. In addition, s~ch an assembly is attractive.
Alternatively, the U-shaped cover 4 may be ' . ~ ".'. . ' ', 13~J12~
positioned on the planks~A and B by means of four longitudinal tong~e and groove engagement means, as shown in ~ig. ~. The first two engage~ent means El and E2 are provided between the h~rizontal plate 322 of the U-shaped projecting plate 32 and the cover 4. The third engagement means E3 is provided between the upper surface A1 of the left plank A and the cover 4. The fourth engagement means E4 is provided between the upper surface Bl of the right plank B and the cover 4.
As illustrated, each of the longitudinal engagement means includes two adjacent retaining plates projecting upwardly from the plank A, B to form a retaining slot therebetween, and an insertion plate projecting downwardly from the cover 4 and inserted into the retaining slot for~ed by the two adjacent retaining plates. Each of the retaining plates and the insertion plates has an enlarged end so that the enlarged end of the insertion plates is retained entirely between the two adiacent retaining plates.
As the modifications to the longitudinal engagement ~eans between the cover 4 and the upper surface Al, Bl o~ the planks A, B, the transverse engag~ment ~ean~ as sho~ in Figs. 9 to 11 may be provided between the cover 4 and the vertical plate 311 of the L-shaped projecting plate 31 or between the cover 4 and the long vertical plate 321 of the U-shaped projecting plate 32. The engagement means of Fig. 9 __ g __ - ~31D2~L0 .. .
includes two straight retaining plates eacn having a triangul~ enl~}ged end, and a straight insertion plate having a triangular enlarged end. The engagement means of Fig. 10 includes two S-shaped retaining plates and 5an straight insertion plate having an rounded end. The engagement means of Fig. 11 includes two sets of three inclinded parallel retaining plates.
Referring to Fig. 12, there is shown an improved assembly according to a sixth embodiment of the present 10invention. Unlike the embodiments of Figs. 2 and 8, two longit~dinal tongue and groove engagement means E5 and E6 are provided between the horizontal plate 312 of the L-shaped projecting plate 31 and the horizontal plate 322 of the U-shaped projecting plate 32. The 15longit~dinal tongue and groove engagement means E5 and E6 are similar to that shown in Fig. 8 in construction.
To position the rectangular tube 5 between the planks A and B, the horizontal engagement means shown in Fig. 13t which includes a barb-like plate T and an 20inclined slot G, is preferably provided between the rectangular tube 5 and either the long vertical plate 311 of the L-shaped projecting plate 31 or the long vertical plate 321 of the U-shaped projecting plate 32.
Referring to Fig. 14 with reference to Fig. 15, 25there is shown an assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks A and B, a s~pporting rod 7 of a framework, and a T-shaped hook 8. Unlike the ---~ 10 ----.
~o~
embodiment of Fig. 2, each of the planks A and B
includes an irregular shaped right a~utment portion Rl ~nd an irregular shaped left ab~tment portion ~2. When the planks A and B are interconnected, the interconnected left and right abutment portions Rl and R2 form an accommodating chamber C which has an elongated rectang~lar opening C1 at the lower end thereof~ ~he T-shaped hook 8 includes a hori~ontally extending rectangular opening Cl of the chamber C, and a longitudinally extending curved portion 82. The length of the head 81 of the T-shaped hook 8 is greater than the width of the rectangular opening C.
I~ assembly, the head 81 of the T-shaped hook 8 is inserted into the chamber C through the rectangular opening C. Then, the head 81 of the T-shaped hook 8 is rotated through 90 degrees on a horizontal plane to a position as shown in Fig. 14 so that the T-shaped hook 8 is hung on the interconnected planks A and B.
Finally, the curved portion 82 will hold the supporting rod 7 thereon.
As explained in the foregoing, the provision of the L-shaped projecting plate 31, the U-shaped projecting plate 32~ and the U-shaped cover 4 permits the planks to be firmly connected with each other.
Accordingly, the above-metioned objects of the present invention can be achieved.
With the present invention th~s explained, it is `~302~
apparent that various modifications and variations can be made wi~h~ut departing fro~ the sc~ope and spirit of the present invention. It is therefore intended that the present inventl~n be i.imited only as indicated in S the appended claims.
'.'..' ' "
IMPROVED ASSEMBLY OF TWO INTERCONNECTED
SI~ILAR PLASTI~ PLANKS ~ND A FRAMEWORK
BACKGR~ND OF T~E INVENTION
The present invention relates to an assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks and a framework, and more partic~larly to one in which the planks are firmly interconnected.
In recent years, instead of a tile roof, a series of interconnected similar plastic planks have been positioned and fastened onto rafters r~nning from the peak of the roof to its eaves in a side by side manner so as to form a sheathing. Referring to Fig. l, there are shown two interconnected conventional planks A' and B'. Each of the conventional planks A' and B' has a U-shaped side portio~ l and an inverted ~-shaped side portion 2. Each of the U-shaped side portion 1 and the inverted U-shaped side portion 2 has an inwardly inclined end edge ll, 21 so that the inverted U-shaped side portion 2 of the plank A' is held on the V-shaped side portion l of the plank B'. When the planks are interconnected, a seal strip 3 is used to seal the V-shaped side portion l so as to provide a water-proof effect. I~ absence of the seal strip 3, s~ch an ass~bly i5 not water-proof. In addition, it is easy for the two interconnected side portions l and 2 to loosen from each other. Furthermore, after the seal strip 3 is provided between the two interconnected -- 1 -- ~, '' , ,, ' ' ' ' ' ' ~ ~ ' ~3~2~
planks A' and B', the asse~bly becomes unsightly.
SUMMARY OF T~E I~VENTION
It is an object of the present i~vention to provide an improved assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks and a framework, in which the planks can be firmly interconnected before they are fastened onto the framework.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks and a framework, which can be water-proof without the sealing of a seal strip.
According to the present invention, the improved assembly is of the type having two interconnected similar plastic planks, a framework, and a fastening means for attaching the plan'~s to the framework, the planks inc~ding a first plank and a second plank, characterized in that each of the planks incl~des a first side including an L-shaped projecting plate thereon, a second side positioned opposite to the first side and including a U-shaped projecting plate thereon, and means formed on the L-shaped projecting plate and the U-shaped projecting plate for holding the L-shaped projecting plate of the first plank within and on the U-shaped projecting plate of the second plank.
Each of the L-shaped projecting plates includes a vertical plate extending longitudinally upwardly from the upper surface of the plank, and a horizontal plate .. ..
,,:
~L3~
extending horizontally outwardly from the end of the vertical plate.
Each of the U-sbaped projecting plates incl~des a long vertical plate extending longitudinally upwardly from the upper surface of the plank a distance slightly greater than that of the vertical plate of the L-shaped projecting plate, a horizontal plate extending horizontally outwardly from the end of the long vertical plate of the U-shaped projecting plate a distance slightly greater than that of the horizontal platè of the L-shaped projecting plate, and a short vertical plate extending longit~1dinally downwardly from the end of the horizontal plate of the U-shaped projecting plate a distance less than that of the long vertical plate.
Accordingly, the L-shaped projecting plate of the first plank can be held within and on the U-shaped projecting plate of the second plank. If necessary, the number of the planks may be increased to from an architectural plastic roof or partition wall.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional 3 __ ~oæo40 assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks;
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an improved assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks, a U-shaped cover, a rectang~lar tube, and a tap scre~
S according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which the tap screw and the rectangular t~be are shown in the phantom lines, the U-shaped cover being sleeved on the planks by two transverse tongue and groove engagement means;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing one of the planks of the improved assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the right side of the plan~ according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the left side of the plank according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing part of the U-shaped cover according to the first em~odiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing the V-shaped cover according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing an improved assembly of two interconnected similar plastic plank, a U-shaped cover, and a tap screw according to a second , ~3~2~4~
e~bodiment of the present invention, in which three longit~dinal tongue and groove engagement Means are provided between the U-shaped cover and eacn of the planks;
Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a first for~
of transverse tongue and groove engagement means which is used between the U-shaped cover and each of the planks according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a schematic showing a second form of transverse tongue and groove engagement means which is used between the U-shaped cover and each of the planks according to a fourth embodiment of the present ~ invention;
lS Fig. ll is a schematic view showing a third form of transverse tongue and groove engagement means which is used between the U-shaped cover and each of the planks according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 12 is a schematic sectional view showing an improved assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks, a rectangular tube, a tap screw, and a framework according to ~ sixth embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing an tongue and groove engagement means provided between the rectangular tube and the plank according to a seventh __ 5 __ .
2[J~
e~bodiment of the p~esent invention;
Fig. 14 is a schematic sectional view of an improved assem~ly o~ two interconnected similar plastic planks, a rafter, and a ~-shaped hook ac~ording to a eighth embodiment of the present invention; and ~ig. 15 is a perspective view of the plank according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESC~IPTION OF THE PRE ERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to Fig. 2 with reference to Figs. 3 to 7, an assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention comprises two interconnected similar plastic planks A and B, a U-shaped cover 4, a rectangular tube 5, and a tap screw 6. Integrally formed on the right side of the plank A, B are a right L-shaped projecting plate 31 and an L-shaped abutment portion la. The planks A and B are holiow and reinforced by means of webs W (see Fig. 3) formed inside the planks A and B. Integrally formed on the left side of the plank A, B are a U-shaped projecting : plate 32 and a left L-shaped abutment portion 2a. The right abutment portion la of the left plank A abuts against the left a~utment portion 2a of the right plank ~ .
The L-shaped projecting plate 31 includes a vertical plate 311 and a horizontal plate 312.
Projecting from the left surface of the vertical plate : , .. .
2~
311 are two inclined plates 313 forming a retaining slot there~etween. The U-shaped projecting plate 32 includes a long ve~tical plate 321 formed with two inclined plates 323 on the right surface thereof, a horizontal plates 322, and a short vertical plate 324 having a barb-like end 325. The U-shaped projecting plate 32 of the right plank B is sleeved on the L-shaped projecting plate 31 of the left plank A while permitting the barb-like end 325 of the right plank B
to engage with the retaining slot provided between the inclined plates 313 of the left plank A. It is noted that the short vertical plate 324 of the U-shaped projecting plate 32 can provide a water-proof effect when the assembly is used as a roof.
Preferably, the vertical plate 311 and the horizontal plate 3}2 of the L-snaped projecting plate 31 form an angle ~1 slightly greater than 90 degrees therebetween so that the free end of the L-shaped projecting plate 31 of the left plank A pushes the U-shaped projecting plate 32 of the right plank B
upwardly.
The U-shaped cover 4 consists of two parallel vertical plates 41 and 42, and a web 43 interconnecting the vertical plates 41 and 42. Each of the parallel vertical plates 41 and 42 has a barb-like end 411, 421 respectively retained between the upper surface Al and the inclined plates 313 of the left plank A and between the upper surface Bl and the inclined plates 323 of the right pl~n~ ~ when the U-shaped cover 9 is sleeved on the ~-shaped projecting plate 32 of the riqht plank B
and hence on the L-shaped projecting pLate 31 of the S left plank A. Each of the parallel vertical plates 41r 92 and the web 43 form an angle 12, 13 slightly less thzn gO degrees so that the barb-like ends 411 and 421 of the U-shaped cover ~ press over each of the planks A
and B.
Referring to Fig 2, the L-shaped projecting plate 31 and t'he right abutment portion la of the left plank A, and the U-shaped projecting plate 32 and the left abutment portion 2a of the right plank B define a generally parallelepiped space for receiving tightly the rectangular tube 5 which is shown in the phantom lines. Bélow the planks A and B, not shown is a framework which has a tap hole. Through holes are provided in the portion of the L-shaped projecting plate 31, the U-shaped projecting plate 32, the right abutment portion la, and the left abutment portion 2a opposing the tap hole of the framework for the insertion of the tap screw 6 therethrough.
It is ~nderstood that of the U-shaped cover 4 can provide ~n additional water-proof effect to the assembly of the present invention when it is ~sed as a roof. In addition, s~ch an assembly is attractive.
Alternatively, the U-shaped cover 4 may be ' . ~ ".'. . ' ', 13~J12~
positioned on the planks~A and B by means of four longitudinal tong~e and groove engagement means, as shown in ~ig. ~. The first two engage~ent means El and E2 are provided between the h~rizontal plate 322 of the U-shaped projecting plate 32 and the cover 4. The third engagement means E3 is provided between the upper surface A1 of the left plank A and the cover 4. The fourth engagement means E4 is provided between the upper surface Bl of the right plank B and the cover 4.
As illustrated, each of the longitudinal engagement means includes two adjacent retaining plates projecting upwardly from the plank A, B to form a retaining slot therebetween, and an insertion plate projecting downwardly from the cover 4 and inserted into the retaining slot for~ed by the two adjacent retaining plates. Each of the retaining plates and the insertion plates has an enlarged end so that the enlarged end of the insertion plates is retained entirely between the two adiacent retaining plates.
As the modifications to the longitudinal engagement ~eans between the cover 4 and the upper surface Al, Bl o~ the planks A, B, the transverse engag~ment ~ean~ as sho~ in Figs. 9 to 11 may be provided between the cover 4 and the vertical plate 311 of the L-shaped projecting plate 31 or between the cover 4 and the long vertical plate 321 of the U-shaped projecting plate 32. The engagement means of Fig. 9 __ g __ - ~31D2~L0 .. .
includes two straight retaining plates eacn having a triangul~ enl~}ged end, and a straight insertion plate having a triangular enlarged end. The engagement means of Fig. 10 includes two S-shaped retaining plates and 5an straight insertion plate having an rounded end. The engagement means of Fig. 11 includes two sets of three inclinded parallel retaining plates.
Referring to Fig. 12, there is shown an improved assembly according to a sixth embodiment of the present 10invention. Unlike the embodiments of Figs. 2 and 8, two longit~dinal tongue and groove engagement means E5 and E6 are provided between the horizontal plate 312 of the L-shaped projecting plate 31 and the horizontal plate 322 of the U-shaped projecting plate 32. The 15longit~dinal tongue and groove engagement means E5 and E6 are similar to that shown in Fig. 8 in construction.
To position the rectangular tube 5 between the planks A and B, the horizontal engagement means shown in Fig. 13t which includes a barb-like plate T and an 20inclined slot G, is preferably provided between the rectangular tube 5 and either the long vertical plate 311 of the L-shaped projecting plate 31 or the long vertical plate 321 of the U-shaped projecting plate 32.
Referring to Fig. 14 with reference to Fig. 15, 25there is shown an assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks A and B, a s~pporting rod 7 of a framework, and a T-shaped hook 8. Unlike the ---~ 10 ----.
~o~
embodiment of Fig. 2, each of the planks A and B
includes an irregular shaped right a~utment portion Rl ~nd an irregular shaped left ab~tment portion ~2. When the planks A and B are interconnected, the interconnected left and right abutment portions Rl and R2 form an accommodating chamber C which has an elongated rectang~lar opening C1 at the lower end thereof~ ~he T-shaped hook 8 includes a hori~ontally extending rectangular opening Cl of the chamber C, and a longitudinally extending curved portion 82. The length of the head 81 of the T-shaped hook 8 is greater than the width of the rectangular opening C.
I~ assembly, the head 81 of the T-shaped hook 8 is inserted into the chamber C through the rectangular opening C. Then, the head 81 of the T-shaped hook 8 is rotated through 90 degrees on a horizontal plane to a position as shown in Fig. 14 so that the T-shaped hook 8 is hung on the interconnected planks A and B.
Finally, the curved portion 82 will hold the supporting rod 7 thereon.
As explained in the foregoing, the provision of the L-shaped projecting plate 31, the U-shaped projecting plate 32~ and the U-shaped cover 4 permits the planks to be firmly connected with each other.
Accordingly, the above-metioned objects of the present invention can be achieved.
With the present invention th~s explained, it is `~302~
apparent that various modifications and variations can be made wi~h~ut departing fro~ the sc~ope and spirit of the present invention. It is therefore intended that the present inventl~n be i.imited only as indicated in S the appended claims.
'.'..' ' "
Claims (17)
1. An improved assembly of the type having two interconnected similar plastic planks, a framework, and a fastening means for attaching said planks to said framework, said planks including a first plank and a second plank, characterized in that each of said planks includes a first side including an L-shaped projecting plate and a second side opposite to said first side and including a U-shaped projecting plate thereon, and means formed on said L-shaped projecting plate and said U-shaped projecting plate for holding said L-shaped projecting plate of said first plank on said U-shaped projecting plate of said second plank, each of said L-shaped projecting plates including a vertical plate extending longitudinally upwardly from the upper surface of said plank, and a horizontal plate extending horizontally outwardly from the end of said vertical plate, each of said U-shaped projecting plates including a long vertical plate extending longitudinally upwardly from the upper surface of said plank a distance slightly greater than that of said long vertical plate of said L-shaped projecting plate, a second horizontal plate extending horizontally outwardly from the end of said vertical plate of said U-shaped projecting plate a distance slightly greater than that of said horizontal plate of said L-shaped projecting plate, and a short vertical plate extending longitudinally downwardly from the end of said horizontal plate of said U-shaped projecting plate a distance less than said long vertical plate of said U-shaped projecting plate; whereby, said L-shaped projecting plate of said first plank can be held within and on said U-shaped projecting plate of said second plank.
2. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said vertical plate and said horizontal plate of each of said L-shaped projecting plates form an angle slightly greater than 90 degrees therebetween.
3. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said holding means includes:
a first barb-like plate bent upwardly from an inward surface of said short vertical plate of said U-shaped projecting plate at a first angle; and at least one inclined plate projecting downwardly from an outer surface of said vertical plate of said L-shaped projecting plate facing toward said second side of said plank at the first angle so that said at least one inclined plate of said L-shaped projecting plate of said first plank engages with said first barb-like plate of said U-shaped projecting plate of said second plank.
a first barb-like plate bent upwardly from an inward surface of said short vertical plate of said U-shaped projecting plate at a first angle; and at least one inclined plate projecting downwardly from an outer surface of said vertical plate of said L-shaped projecting plate facing toward said second side of said plank at the first angle so that said at least one inclined plate of said L-shaped projecting plate of said first plank engages with said first barb-like plate of said U-shaped projecting plate of said second plank.
4. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 3, wherein said holding means includes a U-shaped cover and an attachment means for attaching said U-shaped cover to said L-shaped projecting plate and to said U-shaped projecting plate for interconnecting firmly said planks, said U-shaped cover having a pair of parallel vertical planks and a web interconnecting said parallel vertical plates, said web being of a width slightly greater than that of said horizontal plate of said U-shaped projecting plate and either of said parallel vertical plates being of a height greater than that of said long vertical plate so that said U-shaped cover can be sleeved on said L-shaped and U-shaped projecting plates.
5. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 4, wherein each of said parallel vertical plates and said web form an angle slightly less than 90 degrees for being sleeved tightly on said L-shaped and U-shaped projecting plates.
6. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 4, wherein said attachment means includes:
a second inclined plate projecting from the surface of said long vertical plate facing toward said first side of said plank at the first angle; and a second barb-like plate bent inwardly from the inner surface of each of said parallel vertical plates of said U-shaped cover at the first angle;
whereby, said second barb-like plates of said U-shaped cover can be respectively retained tightly between said first inclined plates and the upper surface of said first plank and between said second inclined plate and the upper surface of said second plank.
a second inclined plate projecting from the surface of said long vertical plate facing toward said first side of said plank at the first angle; and a second barb-like plate bent inwardly from the inner surface of each of said parallel vertical plates of said U-shaped cover at the first angle;
whereby, said second barb-like plates of said U-shaped cover can be respectively retained tightly between said first inclined plates and the upper surface of said first plank and between said second inclined plate and the upper surface of said second plank.
7. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 4, wherein said attachment means includes at least three tongue and groove engagement means which are provided between each of said planks and said U-shaped cover.
8. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 7, wherein each of said tongue and groove engagement means includes:
a pair of adjacent retaining plates projecting parallelly from one of said plank and said U-shaped cover to form a retaining slot between said retaining plates, each of said retaining plates having an enlarged end; and an insertion plate projecting from the other of said plank and said U-shaped cover and having an enlarged end entirely inserted into said retaining slot so as to be held by said retaining plates.
a pair of adjacent retaining plates projecting parallelly from one of said plank and said U-shaped cover to form a retaining slot between said retaining plates, each of said retaining plates having an enlarged end; and an insertion plate projecting from the other of said plank and said U-shaped cover and having an enlarged end entirely inserted into said retaining slot so as to be held by said retaining plates.
9. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 7, wherein each of said tongue and groove engagement means includes:
two adjacent first retaining plates projecting from one of said plank and said U-shaped cover at a predetermined angle to form a retaining slot; and two adjacent second retaining plates, projecting from the other of said plank and said U-shaped cover at said predetermined angle, one of said second retaining plates being engaged with said retaining slot.
two adjacent first retaining plates projecting from one of said plank and said U-shaped cover at a predetermined angle to form a retaining slot; and two adjacent second retaining plates, projecting from the other of said plank and said U-shaped cover at said predetermined angle, one of said second retaining plates being engaged with said retaining slot.
10. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 7, wherein at least one of said tongue and groove engagement means is provided between said horizontal plate of said U-shaped projecting plate of said second plank and said cover, second and third of said tongue and groove engagement means being provided between the upper surface of said first plank and said cover and between the upper surface of said second plank and said cover.
11. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 7, wherein one of said tongue and groove engagement means is provided between said horizontal plate of said U-shaped projecting plate of said second plank and said cover, a second one of said tongue and groove engagement means is provided between said vertical plate of said L-shaped projecting plate of said first plank and said cover, and wherein a third one of said tongue and groove engagement means is provided between said long vertical plate of said second plank and said cover.
12. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 1/ wherein said holding means includes two tongue and groove engagement means each comprising:
two adjacent retaining plates projecting upwardly from the upper surface of said horizontal plate of said L-shaped projecting plate of said first plank to form a retaining slot therebetween, each of said retaining plates having an enlarged upper end; and an insertion plate projecting downwardly from the bottom surface of said horizontal plate of said U-shaped projecting plate and having an enlarged lower end entirely inserted into said retaining slot so as to be held by said retaining plates.
two adjacent retaining plates projecting upwardly from the upper surface of said horizontal plate of said L-shaped projecting plate of said first plank to form a retaining slot therebetween, each of said retaining plates having an enlarged upper end; and an insertion plate projecting downwardly from the bottom surface of said horizontal plate of said U-shaped projecting plate and having an enlarged lower end entirely inserted into said retaining slot so as to be held by said retaining plates.
13. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said first and second planks form a parallelepiped space defined by said L-shaped projecting plate of said first plank, said U-shaped projecting plate of said second plank, a lower portion of said first plank, and a lower portion of said second plank.
14. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 13, further comprising a rectangular tube inserted tightly into said parallelpiped space so that said first plank connects firmly with said second plank.
15. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 14, wherein said rectangular tube is provided with a slot extending across the full length thereof, and wherein either said first plank or said second plank is provided with an insertion plate inserted into said slot so that said rectangular tube connects firmly with said first plank and with said second plank.
16. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said fastening means includes a supporting rod provided on said framework, an accommodating space formed between a lower portion of said first plank and a lower portion of said second plank, and a T-shaped hook including a horizontally extending head supported within said accommodating space, and a longitudinally extending curved portion holding said supporting rod of said frameword thereon.
17. An improved assembly as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said fastening means includes a tap hole formed in said framework, at least one through hole formed in either said first plank or said second plank and opposing said tap hole, and a tap screw passing through said through hole of said plank and said tap hole of said framework.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/074,869 US4790112A (en) | 1987-07-17 | 1987-07-17 | Assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks and a framework |
| US07/074,869 | 1987-07-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1302040C true CA1302040C (en) | 1992-06-02 |
Family
ID=22122155
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000570477A Expired - Lifetime CA1302040C (en) | 1987-07-17 | 1988-06-27 | Assembly of two interconnected similar plastic planks and a framework |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4790112A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1302040C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2207930B (en) |
| SG (1) | SG109292G (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL86461A (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1990-11-05 | Dan Pal Tech Plastic Ind | Light-transmitting wall panels |
| IL89005A (en) * | 1989-01-19 | 1991-11-21 | Polygal | Lightweight construction panels with interconnectable edges |
| GB9004588D0 (en) * | 1990-03-01 | 1990-04-25 | Ultraframe Limited | Structures |
| AU8532191A (en) * | 1990-09-04 | 1992-03-30 | Jean-Paul Dessimond | Modular element system |
| GB9215332D0 (en) * | 1992-07-18 | 1992-09-02 | Ultraframe Plc | Structures |
| US5373678A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1994-12-20 | Hesser; Francis J. | Structural panel system |
| DK111694A (en) * | 1994-09-28 | 1996-03-29 | Plastmo As | Panel of extruded profile elements |
| US5596858A (en) * | 1995-11-24 | 1997-01-28 | Prospex Roofing Products Inc. | Cover for standing seam of roof which is clad with plastic membrane |
| FR2748769B1 (en) * | 1996-05-17 | 1998-08-21 | Heurgue Gerard Pierre | STORAGE CELL |
| GB9621198D0 (en) * | 1996-10-11 | 1996-11-27 | Ultraframe Limited | Building elements |
| GB9719612D0 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 1997-11-19 | Ultraframe Plc | Building elements |
| US6085485A (en) * | 1997-12-11 | 2000-07-11 | Murdock; Douglas G. | Load bearing pre-fabricated building construction panel |
| FR2772808B1 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 2000-03-17 | Abt | BUILDING COVER ELEMENT |
| US6279287B1 (en) | 1998-08-12 | 2001-08-28 | Shoshone Station Llc | Prefabricated building panel and method of manufacturing same |
| GB9906846D0 (en) * | 1999-03-25 | 1999-05-19 | Aviram David P | Interlockable geodesic structural panel sets |
| GB9914279D0 (en) * | 1999-06-19 | 1999-08-18 | Ultraframe Uk Ltd | Building elements |
| US6536173B2 (en) | 1999-08-30 | 2003-03-25 | Acoustic Ceiling Products, L.L.C. | Covering for suspended ceiling grid system |
| US6305137B1 (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2001-10-23 | Acoustic Ceiling Products, L.L.C. | Covering for suspended ceiling grid system |
| GB0000003D0 (en) * | 2000-01-05 | 2000-02-23 | Ultraframe Uk Ltd | Building elements |
| US6668514B2 (en) | 2001-05-18 | 2003-12-30 | Rubbermaid Incorporated | Apparatus and method for connecting adjacent panels |
| GB2383352B (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2005-08-17 | Architectural & Metal Systems | Construction system |
| DE10208687A1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-25 | Prokuwa Kunststoff Gmbh | Rooflight element overlap and join is bolted and stiffened by hollow rectangular section with surmounted centered profile parts engagingly anchored in element and all screwed down onto roof beams. |
| US6851238B2 (en) | 2002-03-14 | 2005-02-08 | Robert J. Rebman | Ceiling grid system and method of assembling the same |
| US7210277B2 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2007-05-01 | Lifetime Products, Inc. | Partition system |
| US7441379B2 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2008-10-28 | Konvin Associates Limited Partnership | Light transmission panels, retaining clip and a combination thereof |
| US7926236B2 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2011-04-19 | Konvin Associates Limited Partnership | Light transmission panels, retaining clip and a combination thereof |
| US7770337B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2010-08-10 | Lifetime Products, Inc. | Modular enclosure with offset panels |
| US7770334B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2010-08-10 | Lifetime Products, Inc. | Door assembly for a modular enclosure |
| US7779579B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2010-08-24 | Lifetime Products, Inc. | Packaging system for a modular enclosure |
| US7770339B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2010-08-10 | Lifetime Products, Inc. | Roof system for a modular enclosure |
| US7797885B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2010-09-21 | Lifetime Products, Inc. | Modular enclosure |
| US7658038B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2010-02-09 | Lifetime Products, Inc. | System and method for constructing a modular enclosure |
| US8091289B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2012-01-10 | Lifetime Products, Inc. | Floor for a modular enclosure |
| US7926227B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2011-04-19 | Lifetime Products, Inc. | Modular enclosure with living hinges |
| US7707783B2 (en) | 2005-05-11 | 2010-05-04 | Lifetime Products, Inc. | Modular enclosure |
| US8020347B2 (en) | 2005-05-11 | 2011-09-20 | Lifetime Products, Inc. | Modular enclosure |
| IL183640A (en) * | 2007-06-04 | 2011-06-30 | Dan Pal | Assemblies for structural panels |
| IL183898A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2014-07-31 | Dan Pal | Modular panel units for constructional purposes |
| US8056289B1 (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2011-11-15 | Konvin Associates Ltd. | Dual glazing panel system |
| US9151056B2 (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2015-10-06 | Konvin Associates, L.P. | Dual glazing panel system |
| EP2938226A1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2015-11-04 | Arçelik Anonim Sirketi | A linking mechanism |
| FR3002961B1 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2015-04-10 | Barsun | VENTILATION DEVICE AND ROOF FRAME COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE |
| CA2937630C (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2018-09-11 | Rickey Graham | Prefabricated structural building panel |
| USD949442S1 (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2022-04-19 | Epic Metals Corporation | Roofing deck |
| IL280461A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-08-01 | Dan Pal | Polycarbonate roof panel having reinforcement recess for coupling to sandwich panel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1244155A (en) * | 1967-08-17 | 1971-08-25 | Plastiers Ltd | A construction kit and method of building using the kit |
| US3650080A (en) * | 1969-09-19 | 1972-03-21 | Frank J Leale Sr | Panel structure and assembly |
| ZA752818B (en) * | 1975-05-01 | 1976-05-26 | A Lester | Building panels, and a building and method utilising building panels |
| AU535568B2 (en) * | 1979-03-14 | 1984-03-29 | Burrowes, John Kenneth | Indented building sheet elements |
| GB2049008A (en) * | 1979-05-03 | 1980-12-17 | British Aluminium Co Ltd | Panel systems |
| EP0070930B1 (en) * | 1981-07-20 | 1985-07-17 | Everlite A/S | Panel, in particular for self-supporting roof structures and self-supporting roof structures assembled of such panels |
-
1987
- 1987-07-17 US US07/074,869 patent/US4790112A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-06-27 CA CA000570477A patent/CA1302040C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-07 GB GB8816178A patent/GB2207930B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-10-16 SG SG1092/92A patent/SG109292G/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4790112A (en) | 1988-12-13 |
| GB8816178D0 (en) | 1988-08-10 |
| SG109292G (en) | 1993-01-29 |
| GB2207930A (en) | 1989-02-15 |
| GB2207930B (en) | 1991-10-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |