CA1309521C - Color display - Google Patents
Color displayInfo
- Publication number
- CA1309521C CA1309521C CA000572878A CA572878A CA1309521C CA 1309521 C CA1309521 C CA 1309521C CA 000572878 A CA000572878 A CA 000572878A CA 572878 A CA572878 A CA 572878A CA 1309521 C CA1309521 C CA 1309521C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- picture elements
- color
- color display
- display
- diagonal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133514—Colour filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/52—RGB geometrical arrangements
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A colour display for producing substantially homogenous display quality for vertical and oblique, as well as horizontal lines calls for the sequential arrangement of red, green, and blue picture elements, respectively, in diagonal directions of first, second and third coincident rectangles such that the red, green and blue picture elements are respectively positioned at the vertices of their respective rectangles.
A colour display for producing substantially homogenous display quality for vertical and oblique, as well as horizontal lines calls for the sequential arrangement of red, green, and blue picture elements, respectively, in diagonal directions of first, second and third coincident rectangles such that the red, green and blue picture elements are respectively positioned at the vertices of their respective rectangles.
Description
1309~21 l COLOUR DISPLAY
This invention relates to a colour display having picture elements of three different colours, which can be driven independently, and in particular to a liquid crystal display using colour filters.
Heretofore, displaying colours has been performed by arranging picture elements of three different colours, i.e., red, green and blue picture elements on a display panel, and by controlling the light transmission or light emission of each picture element.
More precisely, a display element consists of red, green and blue picture elements adjacent to each other.
For example, when only the red picture element is in the light transmission (or emission) mode, red is displayed, and when only red and blue picture elements are in the light transmission (or emission) mode, purple is displayed.
There are various arrangements of the above red, green and blue picture elements such as the colour picture element array disclosed in Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 54-14119 (14119/79) (Application No. 52-80324 ~80324/77)), and Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 54-84997 (84997/79) (Application No. 53-117884 (117884/78)).
This array has red picture element columns, each of which has only red picture elements arrayed vertically, green picture element columns each of which has only green picture elements arrayed vertically, and blue picture element columns each of which has only blue picture elements arrayed vertically, and these three picture element columns are horizontally arranged sequentially and recurrently.
~309~21 l A colour picture element array shown in Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 61-53684 (53684/86) (Application No. 59-175703 (175703/84)) includes picture element columns each of which consists of red, green and blue picture elements arrayed sequentially in the vertical direction shifted by the length of a picture element relative to the adjacent column and arranged horizontally, so that red, green and blue picture elements are continuously arrayed in the diagonal direction.
A colour picture element array disclosed in the above described Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 61-53684 (53684/86) and of Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 59-9636 (9636/84) (Application No. 57-118258 (118258/82)) includes a first picture element column consisting of red, green and blue picture elements arrayed sequentially in the vertical direction, and a second picture element column consisting of red, green and blue picture elements shifted by the length of 1.5 picture elements in the vertical direction relative to picture elements of the same colour in the first column, alternately arranged in the horizontal direction.
When monochromatic displaying of red, green or blue is performed using the colour picture element array according to the prior art, although a vertical line is continuous, both a horizontal line and an oblique line become coarse broken lines. Also, if a large area is displayed as white (i.e., red, green and blue picture elements are all in the light transmission mode), vertical stripes are seen.
~309521 1 When monochromic displaying of red, green or blue is performed using some prior picture element arrays, a vertical line becomes a set of oblique lines and horizontal line becomes a broken line. Also, an oblique line slanting to the left will have different display pattern from an oblique line slanting to the right.
When monochromic displaying of red, green or blue is performed using other prior art picture element arrays, although horizontal lines may be denser, vertical lines become zigzag. Also, an oblique line slanting to the left has a different display pattern from an oblique line slanting to the right.
The present invention is intended to solve the problems in the prior art techniques described above.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a colour display by which almost the same display quality can be obtained for horizontal, vertical and oblique lines when colour displaying is performed using either one o:E three picture elements of different colours, and no stripes are seen even if three picture elements of different colours are all in the light transmitting or emitting mode.
To achieve the above object, according to this invention, first colour picture elements, e.g., red picture elements, second colour picture elements, e.g., green picture elements, and third colour picture elements, e.g. blue picture elements, are sequentially arranged in the directions of diagonals of first, second, and third substantially sqllare-shaped quadrangles, which coincide with each other, so that 1~09~21 the first, second and third picture elements are respectively positioned at the vertices of the first, second and third quadrangles.
Br_ef Description of_Drawings Fig. 1 is a schema-tic diagram showing an embodiment of color picture element array of a color display accord--ing to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating locational relation--ship between picture elements of the picture element array shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a part of the thin film transistor substrate of a color liquid crys--tal display using the picture element array of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a part of the color filter substrate provided facing to the thin film transistor substrate of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the equivalerlt circuit of a picture element in the color liquid crystal display which is constructed by the substrates shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
Fig. 6 is a pattern display diagram showing character patterns produced when display is made by picture elements of a single color on a color display having the color element array shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another embodi-ment of color picture element array according to this invention~
1309~21 l Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing still another embodiment of a color picture element array according this inven~ion.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of prior color picture element array.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another example of prior color picture element array.
.. . ..
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing still another example of prior color picture element array.
Fig. 12 is a pattern display diagram showing character patterns produced when display is made by picture ele-ments of a single color on a color display having the ` color element array shown i~ Eig. 9_ - :.
Fig. 13 ic a pattern display diagram showing character patterns produced when display is made hy picture ele-2~ ments of a single color on a color display having thecolor element array shown in Fig. 10.
Fig, 14 is a pattern display diagram showing character patterns produced when display is made by picture ele- -ments of a single color on a color display having the color element arxay shown in Fig. 11.
1 Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the color pictur~ element array of a color display according to this invention.
In this embodiment, red picture elements 2, green picture elements 4 and blue picture elements 6 are so arranged along the line 8D as to be positioned on the vertices of squares 2S, 4S and 6S, respectively~ The squares 2S, 4S and 6S are of the same size, and the directions of their diagonals coincide-with each other and in the direction of the line 8D. The line 8D extends in the direction of 45 from the horizontal direction.
As described above, since the red, green and blue picture elements 2, 4 and 6 are positioned on the vertices of the squares 2S, 4S and 6S of the same size, the distances in horizontal and vertical directions between the red pictures elements 2, between the green picture-elements 4 and between the blue picture elements 6 are the same.
1 Fig. 2 shows distances between centers of picture elements of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. In Fig. 2, small circles, squares and triangles indicate the centers of the red, green and blue picture elements 2, 4 and 6, respectively. Relationship of the distance S
in horizontal and vertical directions between (the centers of) picture elements of the same color with the distance D between (the centers of) picture elements of different colors which are adjacent to each other and which are arrayed in the direction of 45 from the horizontal direction is given as follows:
S : D = 3 : ¦~
If all the picture elements are rectangular and of the same si~e, the two opposite sides o a picture element are in the direction of 45 frQm the hQrizQ~tal ~irec-tion, and the distance between a picture element arranged in a picture element array in the direction of 45 from the horizontal direction and a picture element of the same color on the ad~acent picture element array is 1.5 picture elements.
1309~21 1 If the ratio of the lengths of different sides of a rectangular picture element is 3:2, picture elements can be allocated to the whole screen without leaving vacant spaces.
Fig. 3 shows schematically a part of a substrate for thin film transistors when the picture element array of Fig. 1 is applied to a color liquid crystal display of a switching element lamination system, and Fig. 4 shows a part of a color filter substrate provided in parallel to the thin film transistor substrate of Fig. 3 so as to cover the transistor substrate. A liquid crystal is filled between the thin film transistor substrate shown in Fig. 3 and the color filter substrate shown in Fig.
4. A transparent common electrode is formed which covers the colcr filter substrate entirely Each picture eLeme~t has a transparent picture element electrode 12; a color filter 14 facing the picture ele- -ment electrode 12 across the liquid crystal; and a thin film transistor 16 whose gate is connected to the gate line (scanning line) 10, whose drain is connected to the data line (signal line) 20, and whose source is JA9-87-00~
~309~1 l connected to the transparent electrode 12. The color filter 14 is a red filter which transmits only red light for a red picture element, a green filter which trans-mits only green light for a green picture element, and a blue filter which transmits only blue light for a blue picture element. In Fig. 4, R, G and B represent red, green and blue filters, respectively. The thin film transistor substrate and the color filter sub-strate are so constructed that each picture element electrode 12 is aligned with the corresponding color filter 14. In Fig. 3, although a plurality of gate lines have the same reference number 10, and a plural-ity of data lines have the same reference number 20, each gate line 10 and data line 20 can be driven independently, and consequently, each picture element can be driven independently.
Fig. 5 shows an equivalent circuit of one picture element of the color liquid crystal display shown in Figs. 3 and 4. In Fig. 5, the same reference numbers are given to the same components of Figs. 3 and 4. In Fig. 5, the reference numbers 18, 22 and 24 designate a color picture element, a liquid crystal layer and a common transparent electrode respectively.
_g _ 130952~
1 Next, the operation of the color liquid crystal display shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 will be described. Firstr a data voltage is applied to each data line 20 separately, then a gate voltage is applied to the first gate line 10 to turn all the thin film transistors connected to this gate line on, and to place the li~uid crystal layer 22 of each picture element in the light transmission or ~-light shielding condition. Then, the voltage on the first gate line 10 is removed, and a data voltage is applied to each data line 20 separately and in the same manner as in the above case. A gate voltage is then applied to the second gate line 10. Even if the gate and data voltages are removed, the data voltage (accu-rately, the charge corresponding to the data voltage) is accumulated in the liquid crystal layer 22 with little attenuati~n, and the display such as a still picture ca~ be o~tained Figs. 6 (a) and 6 ~b) shows "H" and "X" monochromati-cally displayed in red, green or blue by the color display using the color picture element array shown in Fig. 1, for example, represented by the color liquid crystal display shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. As these -1~
JA9-87-00~
1 figures show, the display quality of horizontal, verti-cal and obligue lines can be made almost the same.
Although the distance between ~the centers of) picture elements of different colors arrayed in the direction of 45 from the horizontal direction is the same and the size of picture elements is also the same in the above embodiment, these are not necessarily the same.
For example, as Fig. 7 shows, the area of the blue picture elements, which have low brightness, can be increased, and the area of the green picture elements, which have high brightness, can be decreased. (In this case, the distance between centers of green and blue picture elements 34 and 36 is increased, and the dis-tance between centers of green and red picture elements 34 and 32 is decreased.~ ~ow~verr red, gr~en and hlue picture elements 32, 34 and 36 must be arranged in the direction of line 38D so that they are positioned on the vertices of the squares 32S, 34S and 36S whose diagonals are all in the direction of line 38D.
If three squares at the vertices of which red, green and blue picture elements are positioned are the same 1~09~21 1 such as the squares 2S, 4S and 6S shown in Fig. 1 and the squares 32S, 34S and 36S shown in Fig. 7, the dis-play quality of lines can be uniform regardless of colors even if characters or patterns on different locations are displayed as red, green or blue. In monochromatic display, however, since display is usually made in either one color of red, green or blue, the sizes of three squares at the vertices of which red, green and blue picture elements are positioned may be different from each other. That is, as long as pic-ture elements of the same color are positioned at the vertices of squares, the distances between these color elements in horizontal and vertical directions are the same, and the distance in the diagonal direction is only ~ times the distance in horizontal and vertical dire~tinnc. There~ore, display by th~ picture ~leme~t of the same color is visually recognized to have horizQntal, vertical and diagonal lines of the same quality.
The quadrangle at the vertices of which color picture elements are positioned does not need to be geomet-rically s~uare but it is sufficient that first two 1309~2~
sides in the horizontal direction are the same length and second two sides in the vertical direction are the same length and the first two sides and the second two sides are recognized to be perpendicular to the others.
Although it is preferable that the shape of picture elements is rectangular in view of the effective area -~ -of a picture element being large and of gate and data line wiring being easy, the shape is not limited to rectangular, but may be of various shapes; for example, as shown in Fig. 8, red, green and blue picture ele-ments 42, 44 and 46 may be hexagonal.
Although the em~odiment shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 relates to a ]iquid crystal display using thin film transistors as switching elements, thi~ inventi~ ca~
be applied to a liquid crystal display usin~ other non-linear switching elements such as thin film diodes.
Furthermore, this invention is not limited to liquid crystal displays, but can be applied to other color displays such as electrochromic displays. In summary, this invention can be applied to any type of displays 1309~21 1 if they have three types of color picture elements of colors which are different from each other. The colors of picture elements are not limited to red, green and blue.
F. Advantages of the Invention As described above, according to this invention, since first, second and third color picture elements of dif-ferent colors are arrayed in the directions of diag-onals of first, second and third substantially square-shaped quadrangles, which coincide with each other, so that the first, second and third color picture elements of different colors are respectively positioned at the vertices of the first, second and third quadrangles, the distances between picture eleme~ts Q~.the same color in horizontal and vertical directions and i~.the diago-nal di~ectio~.are s1ibstantially the same, and there-fore, when display is made by the same color of either one of first, second and third color picture elements, the display quality of horizontal, vertical and oblique lines becomes almost uniform. Also, since the first, second and third color picture elements are uniformly t 13~952~
dispersed, no stripes are seen even if all color picture elements of three different colors are in light trans-mitting or light emitting conditions.
This invention relates to a colour display having picture elements of three different colours, which can be driven independently, and in particular to a liquid crystal display using colour filters.
Heretofore, displaying colours has been performed by arranging picture elements of three different colours, i.e., red, green and blue picture elements on a display panel, and by controlling the light transmission or light emission of each picture element.
More precisely, a display element consists of red, green and blue picture elements adjacent to each other.
For example, when only the red picture element is in the light transmission (or emission) mode, red is displayed, and when only red and blue picture elements are in the light transmission (or emission) mode, purple is displayed.
There are various arrangements of the above red, green and blue picture elements such as the colour picture element array disclosed in Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 54-14119 (14119/79) (Application No. 52-80324 ~80324/77)), and Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 54-84997 (84997/79) (Application No. 53-117884 (117884/78)).
This array has red picture element columns, each of which has only red picture elements arrayed vertically, green picture element columns each of which has only green picture elements arrayed vertically, and blue picture element columns each of which has only blue picture elements arrayed vertically, and these three picture element columns are horizontally arranged sequentially and recurrently.
~309~21 l A colour picture element array shown in Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 61-53684 (53684/86) (Application No. 59-175703 (175703/84)) includes picture element columns each of which consists of red, green and blue picture elements arrayed sequentially in the vertical direction shifted by the length of a picture element relative to the adjacent column and arranged horizontally, so that red, green and blue picture elements are continuously arrayed in the diagonal direction.
A colour picture element array disclosed in the above described Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 61-53684 (53684/86) and of Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 59-9636 (9636/84) (Application No. 57-118258 (118258/82)) includes a first picture element column consisting of red, green and blue picture elements arrayed sequentially in the vertical direction, and a second picture element column consisting of red, green and blue picture elements shifted by the length of 1.5 picture elements in the vertical direction relative to picture elements of the same colour in the first column, alternately arranged in the horizontal direction.
When monochromatic displaying of red, green or blue is performed using the colour picture element array according to the prior art, although a vertical line is continuous, both a horizontal line and an oblique line become coarse broken lines. Also, if a large area is displayed as white (i.e., red, green and blue picture elements are all in the light transmission mode), vertical stripes are seen.
~309521 1 When monochromic displaying of red, green or blue is performed using some prior picture element arrays, a vertical line becomes a set of oblique lines and horizontal line becomes a broken line. Also, an oblique line slanting to the left will have different display pattern from an oblique line slanting to the right.
When monochromic displaying of red, green or blue is performed using other prior art picture element arrays, although horizontal lines may be denser, vertical lines become zigzag. Also, an oblique line slanting to the left has a different display pattern from an oblique line slanting to the right.
The present invention is intended to solve the problems in the prior art techniques described above.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a colour display by which almost the same display quality can be obtained for horizontal, vertical and oblique lines when colour displaying is performed using either one o:E three picture elements of different colours, and no stripes are seen even if three picture elements of different colours are all in the light transmitting or emitting mode.
To achieve the above object, according to this invention, first colour picture elements, e.g., red picture elements, second colour picture elements, e.g., green picture elements, and third colour picture elements, e.g. blue picture elements, are sequentially arranged in the directions of diagonals of first, second, and third substantially sqllare-shaped quadrangles, which coincide with each other, so that 1~09~21 the first, second and third picture elements are respectively positioned at the vertices of the first, second and third quadrangles.
Br_ef Description of_Drawings Fig. 1 is a schema-tic diagram showing an embodiment of color picture element array of a color display accord--ing to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating locational relation--ship between picture elements of the picture element array shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a part of the thin film transistor substrate of a color liquid crys--tal display using the picture element array of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a part of the color filter substrate provided facing to the thin film transistor substrate of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the equivalerlt circuit of a picture element in the color liquid crystal display which is constructed by the substrates shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
Fig. 6 is a pattern display diagram showing character patterns produced when display is made by picture elements of a single color on a color display having the color element array shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another embodi-ment of color picture element array according to this invention~
1309~21 l Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing still another embodiment of a color picture element array according this inven~ion.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of prior color picture element array.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another example of prior color picture element array.
.. . ..
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing still another example of prior color picture element array.
Fig. 12 is a pattern display diagram showing character patterns produced when display is made by picture ele-ments of a single color on a color display having the ` color element array shown i~ Eig. 9_ - :.
Fig. 13 ic a pattern display diagram showing character patterns produced when display is made hy picture ele-2~ ments of a single color on a color display having thecolor element array shown in Fig. 10.
Fig, 14 is a pattern display diagram showing character patterns produced when display is made by picture ele- -ments of a single color on a color display having the color element arxay shown in Fig. 11.
1 Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the color pictur~ element array of a color display according to this invention.
In this embodiment, red picture elements 2, green picture elements 4 and blue picture elements 6 are so arranged along the line 8D as to be positioned on the vertices of squares 2S, 4S and 6S, respectively~ The squares 2S, 4S and 6S are of the same size, and the directions of their diagonals coincide-with each other and in the direction of the line 8D. The line 8D extends in the direction of 45 from the horizontal direction.
As described above, since the red, green and blue picture elements 2, 4 and 6 are positioned on the vertices of the squares 2S, 4S and 6S of the same size, the distances in horizontal and vertical directions between the red pictures elements 2, between the green picture-elements 4 and between the blue picture elements 6 are the same.
1 Fig. 2 shows distances between centers of picture elements of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. In Fig. 2, small circles, squares and triangles indicate the centers of the red, green and blue picture elements 2, 4 and 6, respectively. Relationship of the distance S
in horizontal and vertical directions between (the centers of) picture elements of the same color with the distance D between (the centers of) picture elements of different colors which are adjacent to each other and which are arrayed in the direction of 45 from the horizontal direction is given as follows:
S : D = 3 : ¦~
If all the picture elements are rectangular and of the same si~e, the two opposite sides o a picture element are in the direction of 45 frQm the hQrizQ~tal ~irec-tion, and the distance between a picture element arranged in a picture element array in the direction of 45 from the horizontal direction and a picture element of the same color on the ad~acent picture element array is 1.5 picture elements.
1309~21 1 If the ratio of the lengths of different sides of a rectangular picture element is 3:2, picture elements can be allocated to the whole screen without leaving vacant spaces.
Fig. 3 shows schematically a part of a substrate for thin film transistors when the picture element array of Fig. 1 is applied to a color liquid crystal display of a switching element lamination system, and Fig. 4 shows a part of a color filter substrate provided in parallel to the thin film transistor substrate of Fig. 3 so as to cover the transistor substrate. A liquid crystal is filled between the thin film transistor substrate shown in Fig. 3 and the color filter substrate shown in Fig.
4. A transparent common electrode is formed which covers the colcr filter substrate entirely Each picture eLeme~t has a transparent picture element electrode 12; a color filter 14 facing the picture ele- -ment electrode 12 across the liquid crystal; and a thin film transistor 16 whose gate is connected to the gate line (scanning line) 10, whose drain is connected to the data line (signal line) 20, and whose source is JA9-87-00~
~309~1 l connected to the transparent electrode 12. The color filter 14 is a red filter which transmits only red light for a red picture element, a green filter which trans-mits only green light for a green picture element, and a blue filter which transmits only blue light for a blue picture element. In Fig. 4, R, G and B represent red, green and blue filters, respectively. The thin film transistor substrate and the color filter sub-strate are so constructed that each picture element electrode 12 is aligned with the corresponding color filter 14. In Fig. 3, although a plurality of gate lines have the same reference number 10, and a plural-ity of data lines have the same reference number 20, each gate line 10 and data line 20 can be driven independently, and consequently, each picture element can be driven independently.
Fig. 5 shows an equivalent circuit of one picture element of the color liquid crystal display shown in Figs. 3 and 4. In Fig. 5, the same reference numbers are given to the same components of Figs. 3 and 4. In Fig. 5, the reference numbers 18, 22 and 24 designate a color picture element, a liquid crystal layer and a common transparent electrode respectively.
_g _ 130952~
1 Next, the operation of the color liquid crystal display shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 will be described. Firstr a data voltage is applied to each data line 20 separately, then a gate voltage is applied to the first gate line 10 to turn all the thin film transistors connected to this gate line on, and to place the li~uid crystal layer 22 of each picture element in the light transmission or ~-light shielding condition. Then, the voltage on the first gate line 10 is removed, and a data voltage is applied to each data line 20 separately and in the same manner as in the above case. A gate voltage is then applied to the second gate line 10. Even if the gate and data voltages are removed, the data voltage (accu-rately, the charge corresponding to the data voltage) is accumulated in the liquid crystal layer 22 with little attenuati~n, and the display such as a still picture ca~ be o~tained Figs. 6 (a) and 6 ~b) shows "H" and "X" monochromati-cally displayed in red, green or blue by the color display using the color picture element array shown in Fig. 1, for example, represented by the color liquid crystal display shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. As these -1~
JA9-87-00~
1 figures show, the display quality of horizontal, verti-cal and obligue lines can be made almost the same.
Although the distance between ~the centers of) picture elements of different colors arrayed in the direction of 45 from the horizontal direction is the same and the size of picture elements is also the same in the above embodiment, these are not necessarily the same.
For example, as Fig. 7 shows, the area of the blue picture elements, which have low brightness, can be increased, and the area of the green picture elements, which have high brightness, can be decreased. (In this case, the distance between centers of green and blue picture elements 34 and 36 is increased, and the dis-tance between centers of green and red picture elements 34 and 32 is decreased.~ ~ow~verr red, gr~en and hlue picture elements 32, 34 and 36 must be arranged in the direction of line 38D so that they are positioned on the vertices of the squares 32S, 34S and 36S whose diagonals are all in the direction of line 38D.
If three squares at the vertices of which red, green and blue picture elements are positioned are the same 1~09~21 1 such as the squares 2S, 4S and 6S shown in Fig. 1 and the squares 32S, 34S and 36S shown in Fig. 7, the dis-play quality of lines can be uniform regardless of colors even if characters or patterns on different locations are displayed as red, green or blue. In monochromatic display, however, since display is usually made in either one color of red, green or blue, the sizes of three squares at the vertices of which red, green and blue picture elements are positioned may be different from each other. That is, as long as pic-ture elements of the same color are positioned at the vertices of squares, the distances between these color elements in horizontal and vertical directions are the same, and the distance in the diagonal direction is only ~ times the distance in horizontal and vertical dire~tinnc. There~ore, display by th~ picture ~leme~t of the same color is visually recognized to have horizQntal, vertical and diagonal lines of the same quality.
The quadrangle at the vertices of which color picture elements are positioned does not need to be geomet-rically s~uare but it is sufficient that first two 1309~2~
sides in the horizontal direction are the same length and second two sides in the vertical direction are the same length and the first two sides and the second two sides are recognized to be perpendicular to the others.
Although it is preferable that the shape of picture elements is rectangular in view of the effective area -~ -of a picture element being large and of gate and data line wiring being easy, the shape is not limited to rectangular, but may be of various shapes; for example, as shown in Fig. 8, red, green and blue picture ele-ments 42, 44 and 46 may be hexagonal.
Although the em~odiment shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 relates to a ]iquid crystal display using thin film transistors as switching elements, thi~ inventi~ ca~
be applied to a liquid crystal display usin~ other non-linear switching elements such as thin film diodes.
Furthermore, this invention is not limited to liquid crystal displays, but can be applied to other color displays such as electrochromic displays. In summary, this invention can be applied to any type of displays 1309~21 1 if they have three types of color picture elements of colors which are different from each other. The colors of picture elements are not limited to red, green and blue.
F. Advantages of the Invention As described above, according to this invention, since first, second and third color picture elements of dif-ferent colors are arrayed in the directions of diag-onals of first, second and third substantially square-shaped quadrangles, which coincide with each other, so that the first, second and third color picture elements of different colors are respectively positioned at the vertices of the first, second and third quadrangles, the distances between picture eleme~ts Q~.the same color in horizontal and vertical directions and i~.the diago-nal di~ectio~.are s1ibstantially the same, and there-fore, when display is made by the same color of either one of first, second and third color picture elements, the display quality of horizontal, vertical and oblique lines becomes almost uniform. Also, since the first, second and third color picture elements are uniformly t 13~952~
dispersed, no stripes are seen even if all color picture elements of three different colors are in light trans-mitting or light emitting conditions.
Claims (28)
1. A color display comprising:
first, second and third color picture elements;
means for driving each said picture element independently;
wherein said first, second and third color picture elements are sequentially arrayed along the diagonals of first, second and third substantially square-shaped quadrangles;
said picture elements including at least one side aligned substantially parallel to said diagonals; and said quadrangles coincide with each other, such that said first, second and third color picture elements are respectively positioned at the vertices of said first, second and third quadrangles.
first, second and third color picture elements;
means for driving each said picture element independently;
wherein said first, second and third color picture elements are sequentially arrayed along the diagonals of first, second and third substantially square-shaped quadrangles;
said picture elements including at least one side aligned substantially parallel to said diagonals; and said quadrangles coincide with each other, such that said first, second and third color picture elements are respectively positioned at the vertices of said first, second and third quadrangles.
2. A color display as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
said display lies in a plane having a vertical axis and a horizontal axis perpendicular to said vertical axis; and the direction of said diagonals is approximately 45 degrees from the horizontal axis of said plane.
said display lies in a plane having a vertical axis and a horizontal axis perpendicular to said vertical axis; and the direction of said diagonals is approximately 45 degrees from the horizontal axis of said plane.
3. A color display as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the shapes of said first, second and third color picture elements are substantially identical.
the shapes of said first, second and third color picture elements are substantially identical.
4. A color display as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
S is the distance between the centers of two adjacent picture elements of the same color along either said horizontal or said vertical axis of said plane;
D is the distance between the centers of two adjoining picture elements of different colors sequentially and recurrently arrayed along said diagonal; and the ratio of said distance S to said distance D is 3:/2.
S is the distance between the centers of two adjacent picture elements of the same color along either said horizontal or said vertical axis of said plane;
D is the distance between the centers of two adjoining picture elements of different colors sequentially and recurrently arrayed along said diagonal; and the ratio of said distance S to said distance D is 3:/2.
5. A color display as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
said first, second and third color picture elements are rectangular and two sides of said elements are substantially parallel to said diagonal.
said first, second and third color picture elements are rectangular and two sides of said elements are substantially parallel to said diagonal.
6. A color display as claimed in claim 5, wherein:
the lengths of the sides of said rectangles have a ratio of 3:2.
the lengths of the sides of said rectangles have a ratio of 3:2.
7. A color display as claimed in claim 6, wherein:
said first, second and third color picture elements are red, green and blue picture elements, respectively.
said first, second and third color picture elements are red, green and blue picture elements, respectively.
8. A color display as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
each of said first, second and third color picture elements includes a color filter of corresponding color.
each of said first, second and third color picture elements includes a color filter of corresponding color.
9. A color display as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the size of at least one of said first, second or third picture elements is different from the size of said other two picture elements.
the size of at least one of said first, second or third picture elements is different from the size of said other two picture elements.
10. A color display comprising:
color picture elements arranged on said display in a predetermined pattern;
means for driving each of said picture elements independently;
each of said picture elements being assigned to a first, second or third group;
said picture elements being arranged on said display such that the adjacent picture elements belonging to any one of said groups form a subgroup;
said picture elements including at least one side aligned substantially parallel to said diagonal; and said picture elements being further arranged such that a subgroup of one of said groups forms a substantially square pattern with picture elements of a second and a third of said groups alternately arranged along a diagonal of said substantially square pattern.
color picture elements arranged on said display in a predetermined pattern;
means for driving each of said picture elements independently;
each of said picture elements being assigned to a first, second or third group;
said picture elements being arranged on said display such that the adjacent picture elements belonging to any one of said groups form a subgroup;
said picture elements including at least one side aligned substantially parallel to said diagonal; and said picture elements being further arranged such that a subgroup of one of said groups forms a substantially square pattern with picture elements of a second and a third of said groups alternately arranged along a diagonal of said substantially square pattern.
11. A color display as claimed in claim 10, wherein:
the sides of said substantially square pattern define horizontal and vertical axes of said color display;
said horizontal axis being substantially perpendicular to said vertical axis; and said diagonal being approximately 45 degrees from said horizontal axis.
the sides of said substantially square pattern define horizontal and vertical axes of said color display;
said horizontal axis being substantially perpendicular to said vertical axis; and said diagonal being approximately 45 degrees from said horizontal axis.
12. A color display as claimed in claim 10, wherein:
said substantially square patterns of said subgroups are arranged such that said patterns which are coincident share a common diagonal.
said substantially square patterns of said subgroups are arranged such that said patterns which are coincident share a common diagonal.
13. A color display as claimed in claim 12, wherein:
the shapes of said color picture elements are substantially identical.
the shapes of said color picture elements are substantially identical.
14. A color display as claimed in claim 13, wherein:
S is the distance between the centers of two adjacent picture elements of the same group along either said horizontal or said vertical axis of said color display;
D is the distance between the centers of two adjoining picture elements of different groups sequentially and recurrently arrayed along said diagonal; and the ratio of said distance S to said distance D is 3:/2.
S is the distance between the centers of two adjacent picture elements of the same group along either said horizontal or said vertical axis of said color display;
D is the distance between the centers of two adjoining picture elements of different groups sequentially and recurrently arrayed along said diagonal; and the ratio of said distance S to said distance D is 3:/2.
15. A color display as claimed in claim 14, wherein:
said color picture elements are rectangular;
and two sides of said elements are substantially parallel to said diagonal.
said color picture elements are rectangular;
and two sides of said elements are substantially parallel to said diagonal.
16. A color display as claimed in claim 15, wherein:
the lengths of the sides of said color picture elements have a ratio of 3:2.
the lengths of the sides of said color picture elements have a ratio of 3:2.
17. A color display as claimed in claim 16, wherein:
said first, second and third groups are comprised of red, green and blue picture elements, respectively.
said first, second and third groups are comprised of red, green and blue picture elements, respectively.
18. A color display as claimed in claim 17, wherein:
each of said picture elements of said first, second and third group includes a color filter of corresponding color.
each of said picture elements of said first, second and third group includes a color filter of corresponding color.
19. A color display as claimed in claim 12, wherein:
the size of said picture elements of at least one of said first, second or third group is different from the size of said picture elements of said other two groups.
the size of said picture elements of at least one of said first, second or third group is different from the size of said picture elements of said other two groups.
20. A color display, comprising:
picture elements arranged on said display in a predetermined pattern;
means for driving each of said picture elements independently;
each of said picture elements being assigned to a first, second or third group;
said display being divisible into subgroups of said picture elements;
each of said subgroups including four of said picture elements of said first group, said four elements of said first group forming the vertices of a square;
said picture elements including at least one side aligned substantially parallel to said diagonal; and each of said subgroups further including one element of said second and said third groups alternately arranged along a diagonal of said square.
picture elements arranged on said display in a predetermined pattern;
means for driving each of said picture elements independently;
each of said picture elements being assigned to a first, second or third group;
said display being divisible into subgroups of said picture elements;
each of said subgroups including four of said picture elements of said first group, said four elements of said first group forming the vertices of a square;
said picture elements including at least one side aligned substantially parallel to said diagonal; and each of said subgroups further including one element of said second and said third groups alternately arranged along a diagonal of said square.
21. A color display as claimed in claim 20, wherein:
the sides of said square define horizontal and vertical axes of said color display;
said horizontal axis being substantially perpendicular to said vertical axis; and said diagonal being approximately 45 degrees from said horizontal axis.
the sides of said square define horizontal and vertical axes of said color display;
said horizontal axis being substantially perpendicular to said vertical axis; and said diagonal being approximately 45 degrees from said horizontal axis.
22. A color display as claimed in claim 21, wherein:
the shapes of said picture elements are substantially identical.
the shapes of said picture elements are substantially identical.
23. A color display as claimed in claim 22, wherein:
S is the distance between the centers of two adjacent picture elements of the same group along either said horizontal or said vertical axis of said plane;
D is the distance between the centers of two adjoining picture elements of different groups sequentially and recurrently arrayed along said diagonal; and the ratio of said distance S to said distance D is 3:/2.
S is the distance between the centers of two adjacent picture elements of the same group along either said horizontal or said vertical axis of said plane;
D is the distance between the centers of two adjoining picture elements of different groups sequentially and recurrently arrayed along said diagonal; and the ratio of said distance S to said distance D is 3:/2.
24. A color display as claimed in claim 23, wherein:
said picture elements are rectangular and two sides of said elements are substantially parallel to said diagonal.
said picture elements are rectangular and two sides of said elements are substantially parallel to said diagonal.
25. A color display as claimed in claim 24, wherein:
the lengths of the sides of said rectangles have a ratio of 3:2.
the lengths of the sides of said rectangles have a ratio of 3:2.
26. A color display as claimed in claim 25, wherein:
said picture elements of said first, second and third groups are red, green and blue picture elements, respectively.
said picture elements of said first, second and third groups are red, green and blue picture elements, respectively.
27. A color display as claimed in claim 26, wherein:
each of said color picture elements includes a color filter of corresponding color.
each of said color picture elements includes a color filter of corresponding color.
28. A color display as claimed in claim 21, wherein:
the size of at least one of said picture elements is different from the size of said other two picture elements.
the size of at least one of said picture elements is different from the size of said other two picture elements.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP195435/87 | 1987-08-06 | ||
| JP19543587A JPS6455582A (en) | 1987-08-06 | 1987-08-06 | Color display device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1309521C true CA1309521C (en) | 1992-10-27 |
Family
ID=16341011
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000572878A Expired - Fee Related CA1309521C (en) | 1987-08-06 | 1988-07-22 | Color display |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4986637A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0302653B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6455582A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1309521C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3884099T2 (en) |
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| FR2637407B1 (en) * | 1988-09-30 | 1994-02-11 | Commissariat A Energie Atomique | METHOD FOR DISPLAYING GRAY LEVELS ON A FERROELECTRIC LIQUID CRYSTAL SCREEN WITH CHIRAL SMECTIC PHASE |
| JPH03201788A (en) * | 1989-12-28 | 1991-09-03 | Nippon Philips Kk | Color display device |
| KR910016199A (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1991-09-30 | 이헌조 | Video Printer Imaging Device |
| JPH04177220A (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1992-06-24 | Sharp Corp | Color liquid crystal display device |
| US5146356A (en) * | 1991-02-04 | 1992-09-08 | North American Philips Corporation | Active matrix electro-optic display device with close-packed arrangement of diamond-like shaped |
| JP2830531B2 (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1998-12-02 | ソニーケミカル株式会社 | Adhesive for liquid crystal sealing material |
| GB9122173D0 (en) * | 1991-10-18 | 1991-11-27 | Philips Electronic Associated | Liquid crystal colour display device |
| US5317409A (en) * | 1991-12-03 | 1994-05-31 | North American Philips Corporation | Projection television with LCD panel adaptation to reduce moire fringes |
| FI95526C (en) * | 1993-04-05 | 1996-02-12 | Antti Aarni Tapani Iivanainen | Different processing of image surface color point subsets and enhancing motion representation |
| JPH07261166A (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-10-13 | Hideo Yamamoto | Method for arranging color filter pixel of liquid crystal display device |
| JPH08122767A (en) * | 1994-10-28 | 1996-05-17 | Nec Kagoshima Ltd | Color liquid crystal display |
| GB2309572A (en) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-07-30 | Sharp Kk | Spatial light modulator display |
| US6023315A (en) * | 1995-07-04 | 2000-02-08 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Spatial light modulator and directional display |
| KR100218293B1 (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1999-09-01 | 구본준 | Thin-film transistor liquid crystal display elements and its manufacturing method |
| KR100338007B1 (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 2002-10-11 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | Lcd and method for driving the same |
| JP3625396B2 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2005-03-02 | シャープ株式会社 | Display device |
| JP2001154609A (en) * | 1999-12-01 | 2001-06-08 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Display element |
| JP3613257B2 (en) * | 2001-05-02 | 2005-01-26 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Color display substrate, color filter substrate, color light emission substrate, color display substrate manufacturing method, electro-optical device, electronic device |
| KR100878280B1 (en) * | 2002-11-20 | 2009-01-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Liquid crystal displays using 4 color and panel for the same |
| KR101309139B1 (en) * | 2003-12-29 | 2013-09-17 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | array substrate and liquid crystal display device including the same |
| WO2006015511A1 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2006-02-16 | Quanta Display Inc. | A liquid crystal display pannel with a visible cutting accuracy marks |
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| TWI384308B (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2013-02-01 | Au Optronics Corp | Display apparatus and display driving method |
| JP5413278B2 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2014-02-12 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Obliquely deposited substrate, liquid crystal device, method for manufacturing liquid crystal device, projection display device |
| CN102759819B (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-10-29 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Color film substrate, array substrate, liquid crystal panel and liquid crystal display device |
| KR102220152B1 (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2021-02-26 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Display apparatus and method of driving the same |
| KR102144767B1 (en) * | 2014-06-02 | 2020-08-31 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Display panel and display apparatus including the same |
| CN104037201B (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2017-02-01 | 上海和辉光电有限公司 | Pixel array, display and method for presenting images on display |
| KR102500994B1 (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2023-02-16 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | Touch panel |
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-
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- 1987-08-06 JP JP19543587A patent/JPS6455582A/en active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-07-13 US US07/218,731 patent/US4986637A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-22 CA CA000572878A patent/CA1309521C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-07-27 EP EP88306901A patent/EP0302653B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-27 DE DE88306901T patent/DE3884099T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6455582A (en) | 1989-03-02 |
| EP0302653B1 (en) | 1993-09-15 |
| JPH0444249B2 (en) | 1992-07-21 |
| EP0302653A2 (en) | 1989-02-08 |
| US4986637A (en) | 1991-01-22 |
| DE3884099D1 (en) | 1993-10-21 |
| EP0302653A3 (en) | 1990-03-21 |
| DE3884099T2 (en) | 1994-04-21 |
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