CA1317661C - Method and circuitry for transmission of speech signals in a broad-band communications network - Google Patents
Method and circuitry for transmission of speech signals in a broad-band communications networkInfo
- Publication number
- CA1317661C CA1317661C CA000612243A CA612243A CA1317661C CA 1317661 C CA1317661 C CA 1317661C CA 000612243 A CA000612243 A CA 000612243A CA 612243 A CA612243 A CA 612243A CA 1317661 C CA1317661 C CA 1317661C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- packet
- packing
- depacking
- switching network
- units
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/04—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
- H04Q11/0428—Integrated services digital network, i.e. systems for transmission of different types of digitised signals, e.g. speech, data, telecentral, television signals
- H04Q11/0478—Provisions for broadband connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/5646—Cell characteristics, e.g. loss, delay, jitter, sequence integrity
- H04L2012/5652—Cell construction, e.g. including header, packetisation, depacketisation, assembly, reassembly
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5638—Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS
- H04L2012/5671—Support of voice
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A broad-band communications network consists of at least one broad-band packet exchange for transmission of communications signals in packets of a fixed length and one telephone exchange connected to the broad-band packet exchange by means of at least one interworking unit. Packing/depacking units are provided at the interfaces of the packet exchange to the subscriber's sets and within the respective interworking units. A control signal is sent following trunking to the packing/depacking units involved in the connection to be established for connections with a network transfer. The control signal controls the packing/depacking units such that packets of a fixed length intended for transmission of speech signals are formed or broken up in accordance with an adjusted degree of packet filling which is reduced in comparison with the full packet capacity.
A broad-band communications network consists of at least one broad-band packet exchange for transmission of communications signals in packets of a fixed length and one telephone exchange connected to the broad-band packet exchange by means of at least one interworking unit. Packing/depacking units are provided at the interfaces of the packet exchange to the subscriber's sets and within the respective interworking units. A control signal is sent following trunking to the packing/depacking units involved in the connection to be established for connections with a network transfer. The control signal controls the packing/depacking units such that packets of a fixed length intended for transmission of speech signals are formed or broken up in accordance with an adjusted degree of packet filling which is reduced in comparison with the full packet capacity.
Description
~31 7~
20365-~g71 BACKGROUND OF THE I~VENTION
1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a method and a circuit for speech transmission in a broad band communications network.
20365-~g71 BACKGROUND OF THE I~VENTION
1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a method and a circuit for speech transmission in a broad band communications network.
2. Description of the Prior Art A broad-band communications network is known in the prior art (De~ Fernmelde-Inaenieur, Volume 41, No. 9, September ~ 1987 ("Switching Technology in Packet Transmission Systems"), `~ pages 2 to 8) wherein signals of dlfferent services are transmitted according to an ATD (asynchronous time division) process, i.e., in packets. Transmission of speech signals following dial connections between subscriber's sets is provided in this known system. The broad-band communications network has packing~depacklng equipment to form packets and to dissolve them.
;~ In broad-band communications networks in which packets ; ~ of a fixed length are transmitted, lag tlmes occur in transmission of speech signals due to the required packing/depacking times as well as the processing and waitlng times in exchange systems and these lag times can have a negative e$fect on the quality of speech signal transmissions. For example, if the lag time is too long, it may result in undesirably long speech pauses which interfere with the flow Gf speech. In addition, connections to :, ~ . ~ :
,. . ~ ~ :
~ 2 i~: ~: : :
A
j ., ., ~, .. . ... .
:, ,.
:~:
.
~ 1 3 ~ 7 ~ ~ ~ 20365-2971 subscriber's sets can also take place by way of hybrid sets in broad-band communications networks which include analog/digital telephone switching network in addition to broad-band packet switching networks, and additional problems can occur in a transfer between these networks. Such problems arise from the fact that the transit time of echo signals caused by the hybrid sets can assume a size such that the echo signals are perceived as interference by the telephone subscribers due to the afore-mentioned lag times in the packet switching networks.
Such echo signals can be suppressed by echo suppressors or echo compensators connected into the transmission lines.
However, this requires expensive circuitry which is undesirable in some cases. In addition, there have already been proposals for reducing the lag times in broad-band packet switching net-works by filling packets of a fixed length only partially with speech signals in speech signal transmissions.
The problem which the present invention overcomes is to reduce the lag times due to the packet switching network in transmission of speech signals at least partially in a packet switching network.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The aforementioned problem is overcome in a process according to the invention. The invention provides the advantage that with telephone connectlons running over the packet exchange network under the control of the network transfer equipment ; between the packet switching network and the analog/digital switching network without any control expense in packet switching systems, the degree of packet filling for packets of a fixed ~y~
~ . .
., , ~ ~, 1 ^3 ~ 20365-2971 length is reduced in order to reduce the aforementioned lag times whereas the full packet capacity can be utilized for communica-tions signals to be transmitted following connections of other services. Due to this reduction in the degree of packet filling use of the aforementioned echo suppression systems can be largely eliminated, or at least the need for them can be greatly reduced.
Only a slight additional control expense is needed in network transfer units and in the packing/depacking units - connected to subscriber's sets when the control signal is sent directly from the respective network transfer unit to the respective packing/depacking unit assigned to it and when the contro] signal is inserted into a signaling packet to be trans-; mitted following trunking (connection establishment) for transmission to the other packing/depacking unit participating in the connection to be established. Due to this insertion of i control signals as additional information into signaling packets to be transmitted during trunking, no changes in existing signaling procedures are necessary.
In addition, it is expedient that the full capacity of the speech signal packets is utilized by the packing/depackingunits in the basic setting for the transmission of speech signals and a control signal is sent from the network transfer unit to the packing/depacking units involved in the connection to be established for the purpose of reduction of the degree of packet filling of the speech signal packets, whereby this control signal lS sent only in response to the occurrence of a request signal in the~respective network transfer unit~ In this way the full packet capacity for speech signal transmissions can be utilized ., ,,.. ,_ . , .
~, , , ' . ' ..
' for connections that run exclusively within the packet switching network whereas for connections with a network transfer the degree of packet filling is reduced.
If there is a multiplicity of network transfers in different transmission directions between a packet switching network and one or , ~
: -;~ ~ ' ' ' :~ 4a . , -:~ . , ~ :
- , , '; ' ' . ' ' .
~ 3 ~ P~
20365-2g71 more telephone switching network, it is advantageous for the degree of packet filling for speech signal packets to be adjusted by the network transfer units individually by delivering a corresponding control signal, in accordance with the transmission direction. This provides the advantage that the best degree of packet filling of speech signal packets can be adjusted individually for certain groups of connections assigned to the network transfer units.
For a broad--band communications network in which a packet switching system is inserted as a transit switchlng system over ne~work transfer units between two telephone exchanges, it is advantageous if a control signal is delivered only by the network transfer units (of the network transfer units included in a connectlon) that has received a request signal in the form of a call packet from the packet switchlng system. In ~his way only one network transfer unit is included in the control of the transmission of speech slgnal packe~s even for such a broad-band communications network, so except for transmission of a control ~ signal to adjust the degree of packet filing no additional ~ 20 communications are necessary between the two network transfer units.
A further advantage of the invention is the minor additional expense in terms of circultry required to adjust the degree of packet fllllng for speech slgnal packets in network transfer units and in the packing/depacking units connec~ed to . ~
subscriber's sets.
~ A
'~'''''~'' :' - --. ~ .
1 ~1 7 6 ~ 20365-~971 According to a broad aspect of the invention there is provided a method for transmission of speech signals following dial connections between subscrlber sets of broad-band-communications network which includes at least one packet switching network with at least one packet exchange for transmission of communications slgnals of different services in packets of a fixecl length and at leas~ one telephone switching network with at least one telephone exchange for connection of ~;~ analog telephone subscriber s sets, whereby at least one ~ 10 lnterworklng unit is provided for a network interworking between : said packet switching network and said telephone switching network, said interworking unit being connected by a trunk group with a plurality of individual lines to said telephone switching network and by at least one first packingtdepacking ùnit connected to a transmisslon line of said packet switching network and whereby subscriber sets o~ said packet switching network are each connected to one of ~econd packing/depacking units comprising the ~: steps of-delivering a control signal by said interworking unit upon the occurrence of a request signal cailing for a dial connection on one of the individual lines of oaid trunk group or on said transmission line; and : -~: ~ : receiving said control signal by said first packing~depacking ~unit: and by one of the second packing~depacking units involved inhe dial connection to be established by means of which control signal said first packing~depacking unit and said one of the 5a :: ,~
::
.~ . i ''~
.
.
13 ~ 7 ~ ~ 1 20365-~971 second packing/depackinq units are controlled following establishing of the dial connection such that after establishing of the dial connection the packets of a fixed length provided for transmission of speech signals are packed and depacked in accordance with a reduced degree of packet filling.
According to another bxoad aspect of the invention there is provided a circuit comprising:
~ a monitoring unit provided in an interworking unit to monitor ;~ signals sent to the interworking unit via packet switching network or telephone switching network to determine the occurrence of a request signal calling for a dial connection; said monitoring unit being adapted for sending a control signal over a separate control ~ line to a first packing/depacking unit on the occurrence of said ; request signal, said first packing/depacking uni~ being associated with the lnterworking unit such that the first packing/depacking ~ unit cable set, and whereby said monitoring unit inserts said ; control signal into a signaling packet to be transmitted following establishing of a dial connection to the packet switching network;
a discriminator in second packing/depacking units connected to subscriber ~ets of the packet switching network for recognition of sald control signal transmitted in said signaling packet, to provide a correspondlng adjustment signal for adjusting one of a1d second packingidepacking units involved in dial connection to be established on recogni~tion of said oontrol signal.
The present invention is ilIustrated in detail in the accompanying figures and described wi~h reference to a preferred embodiment, whereln: ~
;: :
5b ~ A
:
1 ~ ~ 7 ~ ~q ~ 20365-2971 BRIEF DESCRIPTIO_ OF THE_DRAWINGS
Figure 1 shows schematically a first example of a broad-band communications network using the present invention.
Figure 2 shows a second example of a broad-band communications network using the present invention.
Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a packing/depacking unit of the present invention.
Figure 4 shows a block diagram of a network transfer system according to the present invention.
~ 10 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBO~IMENT
-~ The broad-band communications network illustrated in Figure 1 may consist of a broad-band packet switching network PN
and an analog or digital telephone switching network AN for connection of analog telephone subscriber's sets by a 4-wire/2-wire hybrid set. The packet switching network PN consists of one or more interconnected packet switching systems only two of which are illustrated (PVSTl and PVST2). Each of these packet switching systems has a number of connecting lines which may be used either as subscriber's lines or as interoffice trunks. To ~; 20 simplify Figure 1, however, only two such subscriber connecting lines as well as one interoffice trunk for packet switching system PVSTl and 2 interoffice trunks for packet switching system PVST2 are shown.
Within the broad-band packet switching network signals ~- of different services are transmltted in~packets of a fixed length according to the ATM method~ (asynchronous transfer mode).
The information field of each of the packets is set at 32 octets, for example. The transmission rate on the connecting lines is : ,, .
~: : : . : .
i : , , , ':
, 140 Mbits/sec, for example. For establishing of dial connections, depending on whether the connecting lines are subscriber's lines or interoffice trunks, the signaling procedures that are used conform to the D channel protocol established in accordance with the ISDN recommendations (integrated services digital network~.
For interoffice trunks they may conform to the central channel signaling system No. 7. Packing/depacking units connected to subscriber's lines by multiplexers are provided at the interface between the packet switching network and the subscriber's sets which may be ISDN subscriber's sets, in ord~r to insert the signals delivered by the subscriber's sets into packets of a fixed length or to break up packets transmitted by the packet :~
switching network so the signals can be relayed onto the subscriberls sets. Figure 1 shows a multiplexer M, two packing/depacking units P/D as well as two subscriber's sets TlnA
and TlnB connected to the latter. It should be pointed out here that the packing/depacking units can also be part of the subscriber's sets.
~;' ~ For a network transfer between packet switching network `` 20 PN and the above-mentioned telephone switching network AN, a ` ~ network transfer unit NUE (interworking unit) is provided which is connected on the one hand to the telephone switching network by a trunk group with a number of individual lines and on the other hand is connected to the packet switching network by way of~at least one interoffice trunk. ~This~interworking unit performs all the signal and procedure conversions needed for network transfer. For this reason, a packing/depacking unit P/Dl ; 7 ,: :
~ :
: -~ 3 ~ 20365-297l is connected to the respective interoffice trunk. The telephone switching network AN itself may be a traditional telephone switching network which may consist, for example, of a number of telephone exchanges interconnected by interoffice trunks. These telephone exchanges, three of which are shown in Figure 1 where they are labeled as AVSTl~ AVST2 and AVST3~ each have subscriber's lines in addition to interoffice trunks, and analog subscriber's sets can be connected to these subscriber's lines by hybride sets GAo Figure 1 shows a hybrid set connected to the telephone exchange AVSTl and a subscriber's set TlnC connected to the latter in a schematic diagram. In addition, according to Figure 1 the telephone exchange AVST~ is connected to the afore-mentioned interworking unit NUE.
With reference to the broad-band communications network illustrated in Figure 1 which has already been explained, the process according to the present invention will now be described in detail. It is assumed that a connection from the subscriber's set TlnA of packet switching network PN to subscriber's set TlnC of the telephone switching network AN is to be established for a speech signal transmission.
To initiate trunking, selection information is delivered in a known way by subscriber's set TlnA where this selection information designates the subscriber's set selected for the connection, namely in this case~subscriber's set TlnC.
This selectio~ information is inserted with the help of the packing/depacking unit P/D~connected to the subscriber's set TlnA into a so-called call packet and then is sent to the packet switching system PVSTl where a routing guidance is performed in a ` 20365-2971 ~ 7~ ~
known way on the basis of the selection information. On the basis of this routing guidance, the call packet is sent to the packet switching system PVST2 where the routing guidance just performed leads to the result that the call packet previously received is transmitted to the interworking unit NUE, where the call packet is broken up with the help of the packing/depacking unit (e.g., P/Dl~ connected to the respective transmission line and after a signal and procedure conversion, the selection information thus received is sent on to the telephone switching network AN, namely in this case to the telephone exchange AVST2, and from there the connection to the subscriber's set TlnC can be established.
In response to reception of the aforementioned call packet the interworking unit NUE also produces a control signal : ' :
;~ in order to adjust the packing/depacking units P/Dl and P/D
participating in the connection to be established in such a way that when they ill the speech signal packets to be transmitted `~ over the packet switching network PN after trunking, so the packets are filled only up to a reduced degree of packet filling in comparison with the full packet capacity or they break up the signal packets to be transmitted in accordance with the reduaed degree of packet filling. The degree of packet filling can be set, for example, at half the full packet capacity.
The aforementioned control signal is sent from the interworking unit NUE to its r~spective packing/depacking unit P/Dl directly to establish a new setting. In addition, this control signal is also sent to the packing/depacking unit P/D
connected to the subscriber's set TlnA by way of the packet ,~,`.
' ' ~ ' , ~ 3 ~ ~ J ~ 20365-2971 switching network PN. This control signal can be inserted into a packet which is to be transmitted in the direction of subscriber's set TlnA following trunking in accordance with the signaling procedure provided. Then on receiving the control signal an adjustment is performed in the latter packing/depacking unit such that the packets are filled with speech signals or they are broken up in accordance with the reduced degree of packet filling after trunking.
With a desired trunk connection from subscriber's set TlnC to subscriber's set TlnA in principle the process steps -that take place conform to those just described. In this case the seIection information sent from subscriber's set TlnC over ~ `
interworking unit NUE is converted to a call packet and sent on to packet exchange PVST2. In this connection direction the interworking unit again produces a control signal in order to set the packing/depacking units involved in the connection with regard to the degree of packet filling for speech signals to be set.
The packing/depacking units P/D connected to the sùbscriber's sets and the packing/depacking units P/Dl belonging to the interworking unit NUE are normall~ set in their basic setting, so they either completely fill speech signal packets :;
with speech signaIs or they completely break them up in this basic~setting. Only on the occurrence of a control signal is the degree of packet filllng for speech signal packets then reduced. In this way it is possible for the degree of packet filling for speech signal packets to be reduced only for , :, connections involving a network transfer whereas for connections :' 10 ~' ~: ' ; ; :
;, ' ~ r~ ~ 20365-2971 running exclusively within the packet switching network, the full capacity for speech signal packets can be utilized.
Figure 2 shows details of a broad-band communications network that is modified in comparison with that shown in Figure 1 such that a number of network transfers are provided in different transmission directions. As an example, three inter-working units NUEl, NUE2 and NUE3 are connected to the packet switching network PN and the telephone switching network AN.
The three network transfer units are each connected to three different telephone exchanges AVSTl, AVST2 and AVST3 by way of a trunk group for each. In this broad-band communications network process steps take place that conform to the process steps described above for establishing the degree of packet filling of speech signal packets. The modes of operation of the interworking units are designed such that the degree of packet filling for speech signal packets is adjusted individually by them as a function of the transmission direction by delivering a corresponding control signal. The degrees of packing filling may differ from each other in order to be able to individually set the best degree of packet filling of speech signal packets for certain trunk groups assigned to the interworking units. In this way, the degree of packet filling can be adapted to trunk connections that differ in length.
Moreover, the broad-band communications networks diagrammed in Figures 1 and 2 can also be modified such that the ; packet~switching network~PN is connected as a transit network by way of interworking units between two telephone switching networks. In this case the operation of the interworking units ' ~
~ .
: :
: ~ .
~ ' ` ' :: :
~ 3 20365-2971 is designed so that of the interworking units included in a connection, only that which receives a call packet from the packet switching network PN will deliver a control signal for adjusting -the packing/depacking units. This assures that only one interworking unit is included in the control of the trans-mission of speech signal packets, so except for the transmission of a control signal for setting the degree of packet filling, no additional communications are necessary between the interworking units.
Figure 3 shows schematically a packing/depacking unit P/D connected to a subscriber's set of the packet exchange.
Since its design and operation have already been described, all that is described is the transmission buffer SP to form packets of a fixed length to be transmitted within the packet exchange PN, a reception buffer EP for breaking up packets received by way of the packet exchange as well as a packing/depacking control unit P/D-S. In addition to said units, a discriminator D is also provided that monitors the occurrence of a control signal trans-mitted from an interworking unit during trunking. As already mentioned, transmission of a control signal can take place, e.g., in a packet that is to be transmitted following trunking in the directlon of the subscriber's set selected for the connection.
On recognition of a control signal the discriminator D
delivers an adjustment signal to the packing/depacking control unit P/~-S, optionally after recoding. With the help of this adjustment signal the transmission buffer SP and the reception buffer EP are adjusted from the packing/depacking control unit.
For this purpose, counting circuits that are usually present in ~; 12 - ~ ' '-:
~ .
~ ~ ~ r~ J 2 0 3 6 5 - 2 9 71 a packing/depacking unit and serve the purpose of controlling said buffers are preset so the transmission buffer SP inserts a number of speech signals corresponding to the adjusted degree of packet filling into a speech signal packet to be transmitted, or the reception buffer EP performs a breakup of received speech signal packets in accordance with the adjusted degree of packet filling.
In the basic setting said counting circuits can be preset so that speech signal packets are completely filled with speech signals or speech signal packets are completely broken up.
:~ Only in response to the occurrence of a control signal is the presetting modified in order to set the transmission buffer SP
and the reception buffer EP at a reduced degree of packet filling in accordance with the received control signal.
Figure 4 shows a block schematic of an interworking unit NUE, which has a microprocessor circuit with a micro-processor MP to whose bus system a memory M and interface units Pl and P2 are connected. The memory consists of read-write ; memories and program memories in a known wa~. A trunk group that is connected to a telephone switching network can be connected to interface unit P2. On the other hand/ the interface unit Pl is connected to a number of packing/depacking units P/Dl to P/Dn.
These serve the purpose of connectlng the respective interworking ~; units~to a packet switching network. In addition, a control line also leads to these packing/depacking units from the interface ~; Pl. These control lines are labeled as Sl to Sn in Figure ~.
~- Packing/depacking units PlDl to P/Dn also have essentially a design like that described above with regard to .
.
.
~ 20365-2971 ~ 3 ~
Figure 3. However, there is a difference inasmuch that no discriminator is provided here but instead the respective packing/depacking control unit is connected to one of the afore-mentioned control lines Sl to Sn by means of which the degree of packet filling is set.
All signal and procedure conversions needed for a network transition are performed in a known way by the inter-working unit diagrammed in Figure 4. In addition, microprocessor MP checks the communications signals sent to it by way of the interfaces Pl and P2 for the occurrence of signals that initiate trunking. On occurrence of such signals, an above-mentioned control signal is sent to the respective packing/depacking unit for the given connection for setting it by way of the respective control line (Sl, ..., Sn). The microprocessor also inserts this control signal into a signaling packet which, as mentioned above, is to be transmitted to the other packing/depacking units ; participating in the connection to be established.
The process according to the present invention has been described herein by means of two examples of broad-band communications networks which include a broad-band packet switchlng network and a telephone switching network for connection of analog subscriber's sets. Use of this invention is not limited to such communications networks, however, but instead can be used in general in broad band communications networks which contain at least one broad-band packet swito~ing network and a telephone switching network and where the lag times are to ~' ~ be reduced for the purpose of speech signal transmission.
' 13a ~ ~ .
. : , .. . . .
,
;~ In broad-band communications networks in which packets ; ~ of a fixed length are transmitted, lag tlmes occur in transmission of speech signals due to the required packing/depacking times as well as the processing and waitlng times in exchange systems and these lag times can have a negative e$fect on the quality of speech signal transmissions. For example, if the lag time is too long, it may result in undesirably long speech pauses which interfere with the flow Gf speech. In addition, connections to :, ~ . ~ :
,. . ~ ~ :
~ 2 i~: ~: : :
A
j ., ., ~, .. . ... .
:, ,.
:~:
.
~ 1 3 ~ 7 ~ ~ ~ 20365-2971 subscriber's sets can also take place by way of hybrid sets in broad-band communications networks which include analog/digital telephone switching network in addition to broad-band packet switching networks, and additional problems can occur in a transfer between these networks. Such problems arise from the fact that the transit time of echo signals caused by the hybrid sets can assume a size such that the echo signals are perceived as interference by the telephone subscribers due to the afore-mentioned lag times in the packet switching networks.
Such echo signals can be suppressed by echo suppressors or echo compensators connected into the transmission lines.
However, this requires expensive circuitry which is undesirable in some cases. In addition, there have already been proposals for reducing the lag times in broad-band packet switching net-works by filling packets of a fixed length only partially with speech signals in speech signal transmissions.
The problem which the present invention overcomes is to reduce the lag times due to the packet switching network in transmission of speech signals at least partially in a packet switching network.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The aforementioned problem is overcome in a process according to the invention. The invention provides the advantage that with telephone connectlons running over the packet exchange network under the control of the network transfer equipment ; between the packet switching network and the analog/digital switching network without any control expense in packet switching systems, the degree of packet filling for packets of a fixed ~y~
~ . .
., , ~ ~, 1 ^3 ~ 20365-2971 length is reduced in order to reduce the aforementioned lag times whereas the full packet capacity can be utilized for communica-tions signals to be transmitted following connections of other services. Due to this reduction in the degree of packet filling use of the aforementioned echo suppression systems can be largely eliminated, or at least the need for them can be greatly reduced.
Only a slight additional control expense is needed in network transfer units and in the packing/depacking units - connected to subscriber's sets when the control signal is sent directly from the respective network transfer unit to the respective packing/depacking unit assigned to it and when the contro] signal is inserted into a signaling packet to be trans-; mitted following trunking (connection establishment) for transmission to the other packing/depacking unit participating in the connection to be established. Due to this insertion of i control signals as additional information into signaling packets to be transmitted during trunking, no changes in existing signaling procedures are necessary.
In addition, it is expedient that the full capacity of the speech signal packets is utilized by the packing/depackingunits in the basic setting for the transmission of speech signals and a control signal is sent from the network transfer unit to the packing/depacking units involved in the connection to be established for the purpose of reduction of the degree of packet filling of the speech signal packets, whereby this control signal lS sent only in response to the occurrence of a request signal in the~respective network transfer unit~ In this way the full packet capacity for speech signal transmissions can be utilized ., ,,.. ,_ . , .
~, , , ' . ' ..
' for connections that run exclusively within the packet switching network whereas for connections with a network transfer the degree of packet filling is reduced.
If there is a multiplicity of network transfers in different transmission directions between a packet switching network and one or , ~
: -;~ ~ ' ' ' :~ 4a . , -:~ . , ~ :
- , , '; ' ' . ' ' .
~ 3 ~ P~
20365-2g71 more telephone switching network, it is advantageous for the degree of packet filling for speech signal packets to be adjusted by the network transfer units individually by delivering a corresponding control signal, in accordance with the transmission direction. This provides the advantage that the best degree of packet filling of speech signal packets can be adjusted individually for certain groups of connections assigned to the network transfer units.
For a broad--band communications network in which a packet switching system is inserted as a transit switchlng system over ne~work transfer units between two telephone exchanges, it is advantageous if a control signal is delivered only by the network transfer units (of the network transfer units included in a connectlon) that has received a request signal in the form of a call packet from the packet switchlng system. In ~his way only one network transfer unit is included in the control of the transmission of speech slgnal packe~s even for such a broad-band communications network, so except for transmission of a control ~ signal to adjust the degree of packet filing no additional ~ 20 communications are necessary between the two network transfer units.
A further advantage of the invention is the minor additional expense in terms of circultry required to adjust the degree of packet fllllng for speech slgnal packets in network transfer units and in the packing/depacking units connec~ed to . ~
subscriber's sets.
~ A
'~'''''~'' :' - --. ~ .
1 ~1 7 6 ~ 20365-~971 According to a broad aspect of the invention there is provided a method for transmission of speech signals following dial connections between subscrlber sets of broad-band-communications network which includes at least one packet switching network with at least one packet exchange for transmission of communications slgnals of different services in packets of a fixecl length and at leas~ one telephone switching network with at least one telephone exchange for connection of ~;~ analog telephone subscriber s sets, whereby at least one ~ 10 lnterworklng unit is provided for a network interworking between : said packet switching network and said telephone switching network, said interworking unit being connected by a trunk group with a plurality of individual lines to said telephone switching network and by at least one first packingtdepacking ùnit connected to a transmisslon line of said packet switching network and whereby subscriber sets o~ said packet switching network are each connected to one of ~econd packing/depacking units comprising the ~: steps of-delivering a control signal by said interworking unit upon the occurrence of a request signal cailing for a dial connection on one of the individual lines of oaid trunk group or on said transmission line; and : -~: ~ : receiving said control signal by said first packing~depacking ~unit: and by one of the second packing~depacking units involved inhe dial connection to be established by means of which control signal said first packing~depacking unit and said one of the 5a :: ,~
::
.~ . i ''~
.
.
13 ~ 7 ~ ~ 1 20365-~971 second packing/depackinq units are controlled following establishing of the dial connection such that after establishing of the dial connection the packets of a fixed length provided for transmission of speech signals are packed and depacked in accordance with a reduced degree of packet filling.
According to another bxoad aspect of the invention there is provided a circuit comprising:
~ a monitoring unit provided in an interworking unit to monitor ;~ signals sent to the interworking unit via packet switching network or telephone switching network to determine the occurrence of a request signal calling for a dial connection; said monitoring unit being adapted for sending a control signal over a separate control ~ line to a first packing/depacking unit on the occurrence of said ; request signal, said first packing/depacking uni~ being associated with the lnterworking unit such that the first packing/depacking ~ unit cable set, and whereby said monitoring unit inserts said ; control signal into a signaling packet to be transmitted following establishing of a dial connection to the packet switching network;
a discriminator in second packing/depacking units connected to subscriber ~ets of the packet switching network for recognition of sald control signal transmitted in said signaling packet, to provide a correspondlng adjustment signal for adjusting one of a1d second packingidepacking units involved in dial connection to be established on recogni~tion of said oontrol signal.
The present invention is ilIustrated in detail in the accompanying figures and described wi~h reference to a preferred embodiment, whereln: ~
;: :
5b ~ A
:
1 ~ ~ 7 ~ ~q ~ 20365-2971 BRIEF DESCRIPTIO_ OF THE_DRAWINGS
Figure 1 shows schematically a first example of a broad-band communications network using the present invention.
Figure 2 shows a second example of a broad-band communications network using the present invention.
Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a packing/depacking unit of the present invention.
Figure 4 shows a block diagram of a network transfer system according to the present invention.
~ 10 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBO~IMENT
-~ The broad-band communications network illustrated in Figure 1 may consist of a broad-band packet switching network PN
and an analog or digital telephone switching network AN for connection of analog telephone subscriber's sets by a 4-wire/2-wire hybrid set. The packet switching network PN consists of one or more interconnected packet switching systems only two of which are illustrated (PVSTl and PVST2). Each of these packet switching systems has a number of connecting lines which may be used either as subscriber's lines or as interoffice trunks. To ~; 20 simplify Figure 1, however, only two such subscriber connecting lines as well as one interoffice trunk for packet switching system PVSTl and 2 interoffice trunks for packet switching system PVST2 are shown.
Within the broad-band packet switching network signals ~- of different services are transmltted in~packets of a fixed length according to the ATM method~ (asynchronous transfer mode).
The information field of each of the packets is set at 32 octets, for example. The transmission rate on the connecting lines is : ,, .
~: : : . : .
i : , , , ':
, 140 Mbits/sec, for example. For establishing of dial connections, depending on whether the connecting lines are subscriber's lines or interoffice trunks, the signaling procedures that are used conform to the D channel protocol established in accordance with the ISDN recommendations (integrated services digital network~.
For interoffice trunks they may conform to the central channel signaling system No. 7. Packing/depacking units connected to subscriber's lines by multiplexers are provided at the interface between the packet switching network and the subscriber's sets which may be ISDN subscriber's sets, in ord~r to insert the signals delivered by the subscriber's sets into packets of a fixed length or to break up packets transmitted by the packet :~
switching network so the signals can be relayed onto the subscriberls sets. Figure 1 shows a multiplexer M, two packing/depacking units P/D as well as two subscriber's sets TlnA
and TlnB connected to the latter. It should be pointed out here that the packing/depacking units can also be part of the subscriber's sets.
~;' ~ For a network transfer between packet switching network `` 20 PN and the above-mentioned telephone switching network AN, a ` ~ network transfer unit NUE (interworking unit) is provided which is connected on the one hand to the telephone switching network by a trunk group with a number of individual lines and on the other hand is connected to the packet switching network by way of~at least one interoffice trunk. ~This~interworking unit performs all the signal and procedure conversions needed for network transfer. For this reason, a packing/depacking unit P/Dl ; 7 ,: :
~ :
: -~ 3 ~ 20365-297l is connected to the respective interoffice trunk. The telephone switching network AN itself may be a traditional telephone switching network which may consist, for example, of a number of telephone exchanges interconnected by interoffice trunks. These telephone exchanges, three of which are shown in Figure 1 where they are labeled as AVSTl~ AVST2 and AVST3~ each have subscriber's lines in addition to interoffice trunks, and analog subscriber's sets can be connected to these subscriber's lines by hybride sets GAo Figure 1 shows a hybrid set connected to the telephone exchange AVSTl and a subscriber's set TlnC connected to the latter in a schematic diagram. In addition, according to Figure 1 the telephone exchange AVST~ is connected to the afore-mentioned interworking unit NUE.
With reference to the broad-band communications network illustrated in Figure 1 which has already been explained, the process according to the present invention will now be described in detail. It is assumed that a connection from the subscriber's set TlnA of packet switching network PN to subscriber's set TlnC of the telephone switching network AN is to be established for a speech signal transmission.
To initiate trunking, selection information is delivered in a known way by subscriber's set TlnA where this selection information designates the subscriber's set selected for the connection, namely in this case~subscriber's set TlnC.
This selectio~ information is inserted with the help of the packing/depacking unit P/D~connected to the subscriber's set TlnA into a so-called call packet and then is sent to the packet switching system PVSTl where a routing guidance is performed in a ` 20365-2971 ~ 7~ ~
known way on the basis of the selection information. On the basis of this routing guidance, the call packet is sent to the packet switching system PVST2 where the routing guidance just performed leads to the result that the call packet previously received is transmitted to the interworking unit NUE, where the call packet is broken up with the help of the packing/depacking unit (e.g., P/Dl~ connected to the respective transmission line and after a signal and procedure conversion, the selection information thus received is sent on to the telephone switching network AN, namely in this case to the telephone exchange AVST2, and from there the connection to the subscriber's set TlnC can be established.
In response to reception of the aforementioned call packet the interworking unit NUE also produces a control signal : ' :
;~ in order to adjust the packing/depacking units P/Dl and P/D
participating in the connection to be established in such a way that when they ill the speech signal packets to be transmitted `~ over the packet switching network PN after trunking, so the packets are filled only up to a reduced degree of packet filling in comparison with the full packet capacity or they break up the signal packets to be transmitted in accordance with the reduaed degree of packet filling. The degree of packet filling can be set, for example, at half the full packet capacity.
The aforementioned control signal is sent from the interworking unit NUE to its r~spective packing/depacking unit P/Dl directly to establish a new setting. In addition, this control signal is also sent to the packing/depacking unit P/D
connected to the subscriber's set TlnA by way of the packet ,~,`.
' ' ~ ' , ~ 3 ~ ~ J ~ 20365-2971 switching network PN. This control signal can be inserted into a packet which is to be transmitted in the direction of subscriber's set TlnA following trunking in accordance with the signaling procedure provided. Then on receiving the control signal an adjustment is performed in the latter packing/depacking unit such that the packets are filled with speech signals or they are broken up in accordance with the reduced degree of packet filling after trunking.
With a desired trunk connection from subscriber's set TlnC to subscriber's set TlnA in principle the process steps -that take place conform to those just described. In this case the seIection information sent from subscriber's set TlnC over ~ `
interworking unit NUE is converted to a call packet and sent on to packet exchange PVST2. In this connection direction the interworking unit again produces a control signal in order to set the packing/depacking units involved in the connection with regard to the degree of packet filling for speech signals to be set.
The packing/depacking units P/D connected to the sùbscriber's sets and the packing/depacking units P/Dl belonging to the interworking unit NUE are normall~ set in their basic setting, so they either completely fill speech signal packets :;
with speech signaIs or they completely break them up in this basic~setting. Only on the occurrence of a control signal is the degree of packet filllng for speech signal packets then reduced. In this way it is possible for the degree of packet filling for speech signal packets to be reduced only for , :, connections involving a network transfer whereas for connections :' 10 ~' ~: ' ; ; :
;, ' ~ r~ ~ 20365-2971 running exclusively within the packet switching network, the full capacity for speech signal packets can be utilized.
Figure 2 shows details of a broad-band communications network that is modified in comparison with that shown in Figure 1 such that a number of network transfers are provided in different transmission directions. As an example, three inter-working units NUEl, NUE2 and NUE3 are connected to the packet switching network PN and the telephone switching network AN.
The three network transfer units are each connected to three different telephone exchanges AVSTl, AVST2 and AVST3 by way of a trunk group for each. In this broad-band communications network process steps take place that conform to the process steps described above for establishing the degree of packet filling of speech signal packets. The modes of operation of the interworking units are designed such that the degree of packet filling for speech signal packets is adjusted individually by them as a function of the transmission direction by delivering a corresponding control signal. The degrees of packing filling may differ from each other in order to be able to individually set the best degree of packet filling of speech signal packets for certain trunk groups assigned to the interworking units. In this way, the degree of packet filling can be adapted to trunk connections that differ in length.
Moreover, the broad-band communications networks diagrammed in Figures 1 and 2 can also be modified such that the ; packet~switching network~PN is connected as a transit network by way of interworking units between two telephone switching networks. In this case the operation of the interworking units ' ~
~ .
: :
: ~ .
~ ' ` ' :: :
~ 3 20365-2971 is designed so that of the interworking units included in a connection, only that which receives a call packet from the packet switching network PN will deliver a control signal for adjusting -the packing/depacking units. This assures that only one interworking unit is included in the control of the trans-mission of speech signal packets, so except for the transmission of a control signal for setting the degree of packet filling, no additional communications are necessary between the interworking units.
Figure 3 shows schematically a packing/depacking unit P/D connected to a subscriber's set of the packet exchange.
Since its design and operation have already been described, all that is described is the transmission buffer SP to form packets of a fixed length to be transmitted within the packet exchange PN, a reception buffer EP for breaking up packets received by way of the packet exchange as well as a packing/depacking control unit P/D-S. In addition to said units, a discriminator D is also provided that monitors the occurrence of a control signal trans-mitted from an interworking unit during trunking. As already mentioned, transmission of a control signal can take place, e.g., in a packet that is to be transmitted following trunking in the directlon of the subscriber's set selected for the connection.
On recognition of a control signal the discriminator D
delivers an adjustment signal to the packing/depacking control unit P/~-S, optionally after recoding. With the help of this adjustment signal the transmission buffer SP and the reception buffer EP are adjusted from the packing/depacking control unit.
For this purpose, counting circuits that are usually present in ~; 12 - ~ ' '-:
~ .
~ ~ ~ r~ J 2 0 3 6 5 - 2 9 71 a packing/depacking unit and serve the purpose of controlling said buffers are preset so the transmission buffer SP inserts a number of speech signals corresponding to the adjusted degree of packet filling into a speech signal packet to be transmitted, or the reception buffer EP performs a breakup of received speech signal packets in accordance with the adjusted degree of packet filling.
In the basic setting said counting circuits can be preset so that speech signal packets are completely filled with speech signals or speech signal packets are completely broken up.
:~ Only in response to the occurrence of a control signal is the presetting modified in order to set the transmission buffer SP
and the reception buffer EP at a reduced degree of packet filling in accordance with the received control signal.
Figure 4 shows a block schematic of an interworking unit NUE, which has a microprocessor circuit with a micro-processor MP to whose bus system a memory M and interface units Pl and P2 are connected. The memory consists of read-write ; memories and program memories in a known wa~. A trunk group that is connected to a telephone switching network can be connected to interface unit P2. On the other hand/ the interface unit Pl is connected to a number of packing/depacking units P/Dl to P/Dn.
These serve the purpose of connectlng the respective interworking ~; units~to a packet switching network. In addition, a control line also leads to these packing/depacking units from the interface ~; Pl. These control lines are labeled as Sl to Sn in Figure ~.
~- Packing/depacking units PlDl to P/Dn also have essentially a design like that described above with regard to .
.
.
~ 20365-2971 ~ 3 ~
Figure 3. However, there is a difference inasmuch that no discriminator is provided here but instead the respective packing/depacking control unit is connected to one of the afore-mentioned control lines Sl to Sn by means of which the degree of packet filling is set.
All signal and procedure conversions needed for a network transition are performed in a known way by the inter-working unit diagrammed in Figure 4. In addition, microprocessor MP checks the communications signals sent to it by way of the interfaces Pl and P2 for the occurrence of signals that initiate trunking. On occurrence of such signals, an above-mentioned control signal is sent to the respective packing/depacking unit for the given connection for setting it by way of the respective control line (Sl, ..., Sn). The microprocessor also inserts this control signal into a signaling packet which, as mentioned above, is to be transmitted to the other packing/depacking units ; participating in the connection to be established.
The process according to the present invention has been described herein by means of two examples of broad-band communications networks which include a broad-band packet switchlng network and a telephone switching network for connection of analog subscriber's sets. Use of this invention is not limited to such communications networks, however, but instead can be used in general in broad band communications networks which contain at least one broad-band packet swito~ing network and a telephone switching network and where the lag times are to ~' ~ be reduced for the purpose of speech signal transmission.
' 13a ~ ~ .
. : , .. . . .
,
Claims (6)
1. A method for transmission of speech signals following dial connections between subscriber sets of broad-band-communications network which includes at least one packet switching network with at least one packet exchange for transmission of communications signals of different services in packets of a fixed length and at least one telephone switching network with at least one telephone exchange for connection of analog telephone subscriber's sets, whereby at least one interworking unit is provided for a network interworking between said packet switching network and said telephone switching network, said interworking unit being connected by a trunk group with a plurality of individual lines to said telephone switching network and by at least one first packing/depacking unit connected to a transmission line of said packet switching network and whereby subscriber sets of said packet switching network are each connected to one of second packing/depacking units comprising the steps of:
delivering a control signal by said interworking unit upon the occurrence of a request signal calling for a dial connection on one of the individual lines of said trunk group or on said transmission line; and receiving said control signal by said first packing/depacking unit and by one of the second packing/depacking units involved in the dial connection to be established by means of which control signal said first packing/depacking unit and said one of the second packing/depacking units are controlled following establishing of the dial connection such that after establishing of the dial connection the packets of a fixed length provided for transmission of speech signals are packed and depacked in accordance with a reduced degree of packet filling.
delivering a control signal by said interworking unit upon the occurrence of a request signal calling for a dial connection on one of the individual lines of said trunk group or on said transmission line; and receiving said control signal by said first packing/depacking unit and by one of the second packing/depacking units involved in the dial connection to be established by means of which control signal said first packing/depacking unit and said one of the second packing/depacking units are controlled following establishing of the dial connection such that after establishing of the dial connection the packets of a fixed length provided for transmission of speech signals are packed and depacked in accordance with a reduced degree of packet filling.
2. A method according to claim 1, comprising the further steps of:
sending said control signal directly from the respective interworking unit to said first packing/depacking unit; and inserting said control signal into a signaling packet to be transmitted following establishing of said dial connection to said one of the second packing/depacking units.
sending said control signal directly from the respective interworking unit to said first packing/depacking unit; and inserting said control signal into a signaling packet to be transmitted following establishing of said dial connection to said one of the second packing/depacking units.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein in a basic state of the second packing/depacking units the full packet capacity is utilized for transmission of speech signals, and only on the occurrence of said request signal in the respective interworking unit said control signal being sent from said interworking unit to one of the second packing/depacking units involved in the dial connection to be established to reduce the degree of packet filling.
4. A method according to claim 3 wherein in a broad-band communications network with a plurality of interworking units in different transmission directions between the packet switching network and the telephone switching network or a plurality of telephone switching networks corresponding thereto the degree of packet filling is adjusted individually by each of the interworking units by delivery of a corresponding control signal depending on the direction of transmission.
5. A method according to claim 1 for a broad-band communications network in which the packet switching network is inserted as a transit switching network via interworking units corresponding to said interworking unit between said telephone switching network and another telephone switching network, further comprising the step of:
delivering said control signal only through the interworking units included in the dial connection which receives said request signal in the form of a call packet from the packet switching network.
delivering said control signal only through the interworking units included in the dial connection which receives said request signal in the form of a call packet from the packet switching network.
6. A circuit comprising, a monitoring unit provided in an interworking unit to monitor signals sent to the interworking unit via packet switching network or telephone switching network to determine the occurrence of a request signal calling for a dial connection; said monitoring unit being adapted for sending a control signal over a separate control line to a first packing/depacking unit on the occurrence of said request signal, said first packing/depacking unit being associated with the interworking unit such that the first packing/depacking unit cable set, and whereby said monitoring unit inserts said control signal into a signaling packet to be transmitted following establishing of a dial connection to the packet switching network;
a discriminator in second packing/depacking units connected to subscriber sets of the packet switching network for recognition of said control signal transmitted in said signaling packet, to provide a corresponding adjustment signal for adjusting one of said second packing/depacking units involved in dial connection to be established on recognition of said control signal.
a discriminator in second packing/depacking units connected to subscriber sets of the packet switching network for recognition of said control signal transmitted in said signaling packet, to provide a corresponding adjustment signal for adjusting one of said second packing/depacking units involved in dial connection to be established on recognition of said control signal.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88115727A EP0363499B1 (en) | 1988-09-23 | 1988-09-23 | Method and circuit arrangement for the transmission of voice signals in a broadband communication network |
| EP88115727.5 | 1988-09-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1317661C true CA1317661C (en) | 1993-05-11 |
Family
ID=8199363
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000612243A Expired - Fee Related CA1317661C (en) | 1988-09-23 | 1989-09-21 | Method and circuitry for transmission of speech signals in a broad-band communications network |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5051983A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0363499B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE97531T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1317661C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3885753D1 (en) |
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| DE4132518C2 (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1994-07-14 | Siemens Ag | Circuit arrangement for the transmission of digital message signals via a broadband communication system operating according to an asynchronous transfer mode |
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| GB9402210D0 (en) * | 1994-02-04 | 1994-03-30 | British Telecomm | A method of communicating between nodes in a communications network |
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| EP0365693B1 (en) * | 1988-09-23 | 1993-11-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and circuit arrangement for the transmission of information signals in a broadband communication network |
-
1988
- 1988-09-23 DE DE88115727T patent/DE3885753D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-09-23 AT AT88115727T patent/ATE97531T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-09-23 EP EP88115727A patent/EP0363499B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-09-05 US US07/403,528 patent/US5051983A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-09-21 CA CA000612243A patent/CA1317661C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE97531T1 (en) | 1993-12-15 |
| DE3885753D1 (en) | 1993-12-23 |
| US5051983A (en) | 1991-09-24 |
| EP0363499B1 (en) | 1993-11-18 |
| EP0363499A1 (en) | 1990-04-18 |
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