CA1319052C - Thin film structure having magnetic and color shifting properties - Google Patents

Thin film structure having magnetic and color shifting properties

Info

Publication number
CA1319052C
CA1319052C CA000598468A CA598468A CA1319052C CA 1319052 C CA1319052 C CA 1319052C CA 000598468 A CA000598468 A CA 000598468A CA 598468 A CA598468 A CA 598468A CA 1319052 C CA1319052 C CA 1319052C
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
metal
interference coating
magnetic
multilayer
color shift
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CA000598468A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Roger W. Phillips
Paul G. Coombs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Viavi Solutions Inc
Original Assignee
Flex Products Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=22698739&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CA1319052(C) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Flex Products Inc filed Critical Flex Products Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1319052C publication Critical patent/CA1319052C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/28—Interference filters
    • G02B5/285—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/0015—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/08—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means
    • G06K19/10—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means at least one kind of marking being used for authentication, e.g. of credit or identity cards
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/42—Magnetic properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S283/00—Printed matter
    • Y10S283/902—Anti-photocopy

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Thin film structure having magnetic and optical vari-able properties comprising a substrate and a multilayer interference coating carried by the substrate producing an inherent color shift with angle. The interference coating has a metal-dielectric design which includes a metal which has reflective as well as magnetic proper-ties.

Description

THIN FILM STRUCTURE HAVING MAGNETIC AND ~OLOR
SHIFTING PROPERTIES
This invention relates to a thin film structure having magnetic and optically variable characteristics and more particularly to a magnetic optically variable pigment and device.

Optical variable articles having substantial color shift with angle have been disclosed in United States f~
Letters Patent 4,705,356. However, it has been found I
when such an article is utilized in security applica-tions as well as in anticounterfeit applications there is a nead for additional security. This is true is both pigment and device applicat:ions.

In general, it is an object of t:he present invention to provide a thin film structure having both magnetic and optically variable characteristics.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pigment and device ~f the above chaxacter which can be readily manufac~ured.

Additional objects and features of the device will appear from the following description in which the preferred embodiment~ are set forth in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
.~
Figure 1 is a cross sectional view oE a magnetic color shifting optical variable device incorporating the present invention.
Figure 2 is a cross seetional view of a rnagnetieally optieally variable pigment ineorporatiny the present invention.
Figure 3 is a cross seetional view oE a device incorporating -the present invention which is transEerable.
According to one aspect oE the present invention there is provided in a thin Eilm structure having magnetic properties and optically variable properties, a substrate and a multilayer interferenee coating earried by the substrate produeing an inherent color shift wi-th angle, said interferenee eoating having a metal-dieleetrle design whieh ineludes a metal whieh has magnetie as well as re-Eleetive properties.
Aecording to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided in a -thin -film structure having subs-tantial color shiEt with angle of light incidence and viewing, a symmetrical multilayer interferenee eoating produeing an inherent color shift with angle, said symmetrical multilayer interferenee eoating being a metal layer formed of a metal whieh is highly refleeting and whieh has magnetie properties and a dieleetric layer disposed on opposite sides of the metal layer and a metallie absorber layer disposed on each of the dielectrie spaeer layers.
In general, the thin film strueture having magnetie and optieally variable properties eonsists oE a multilayer interferenee eoating whieh produces an inherent color shift with angle. The interference coating has a metal-dielectric design.
The metal utilized in the design has magnetic properties to permit 2a 61051-2287 recording oE information magnetically in the metal. When it is desired to produce a speciEic color shiEt in reElection from one color to another by removing certain colors, or to modiEy the color shift properties, a subtractive colored superstrate is provided e~ternal of the multilayer inter~erence coating on the side oE the multilayer interEerence coating facing the lncident light. The colored superstrate (also called a subtractive colorant means) in combination with a multilayer interference coating serves to modiEy the inherent color shift produced by the mul-tilayer interference coating. This combination of a subtractive colorant means and the multilayer interference coating provides a discrete color shift from one distinct color to another at two difEerent angles of incidence, and/or modifies the colors produced by the interference coating.

,~

-` 1 31 9052 More particularly, as shown in Figure 1, a thin film structure is in the form of a magnetic color shifting optically variable device 11. As shown therein, it consists of a substrate 12 which can be formed of a suitable material such as P~T sr other suitable materi~
al as set orth in U.S. Patent No. 4,705,356. The substrate 12 is provided with ~irst and second sur~aces 13 and 14. A multilayer interference coating 16 is provided on the first surface 13. As described in U.S.
Patent No. 4,705,35S, the multilayer interference coating 16 has a metal-dielectric design which consists of a periodic structure of alternating metal and dielectric layers on a relatively high reflecting opaque metal layer 17.

As explained in U.S. Patent No. ~,705,356, the metal dielectric design in its simplest ~orm can be a three layer co~bination such as shown in Figure 1. In such a design, the first metal layer 17 i9 preferably a highly reflecting metal layer. In accordance with the present invention rather than using a highly re~lective non-magnetic metal layer such as aluminum, the metal is cho~en ~o that in addition to having high reflecting propertieC it also has magnetic qualities for a purpose hereinafter described. One metal found to be particu--~5 larly suitable for this application is a cobalt nickel alloy with a ratio by weight o~ 80% cobalt and 20%
nickel plus or minus 10% for each metal. Such a metal layer is deposited on the surface 13 to a thicknsss so that it is subs~antially opaque. An optical spacer layer 18 in the form of a suitable dielectric (i.e., having a low index of refraction) such as magnesium fluoride is deposited on the cobalt nickel layer 17. A
metal with hiyh absorption prop~rties is then deposited on the dielectric layer 18 to provide an absorber layer -4_ 131~052 19. One metal found to be suitable for this is chromi-um. Other metals which have such high absorption characteristics can be selected in the manner ~uggested in U.S. Patent No. 4,705,356.

It shoulcl be appreciated that the basic reflectance pro~ile for the three-layer metal-dielectric design for the interference ~ilter 16 would be essentially re-tained in designs employing additional periods of the~
thin metal and dielectric. The multilayer interference coating 16 provides an inherent color shi~t with the change in viewing angle. In Figure 1, the incident light is indicated by ray 21a or ray 21b and the reflected light is indicated by ray 22a or 22b as viewed by the eye 23a or 23b. At the eye position of 23a one sees one color, Color A, and at position 23b another color, Color B.

When it is desired to produce a specific ~olor shift or to eliminate certain colors, subtractive colorant means is provided external o~ the multilayer interference coating on the ~ide of the multilayer interference coating 16 facing the incident light. This subtractive colorant means in combination w:ith a multilayar inter-ference coating serv~ to modi~y the inherent color shift produced by the multilaye~r interference coating to provide a discrete color shift from one distinct color to another distinct color at two different angles of incidence. This subtractive colorant means can taXe the form o~ a dyed superstrate 26 as shown in Figure 1.
The dyed superstrate 26 must be optically thick and have a minimum thickness in the range of about 1.5 to 2~0 microns.

The optical variable device or structure shown in Figure 1 can be utilized in the manner described in 6lO51-2287 United States Patent No. 4,705,356. In addition, it can be utilized to encode informatlon in the magnetic layer 17. For example, it could record the typical information which is carried by a credit card in a magnetic stripe. It also could be utllized Eor putting the numbers on the bottoms of checks so that the information carried by the check could be read magnetically as with present day checks and still provide the optical variable Eeature.
It also should be appreciated that the present invention can be incorporated in a magnetic and optically variable ink by providing flakes in the manner described in United States Paten-t No. 5,059,245.
It should be appreciated that if desired in place of the chromium absorber layer, the absorber layer also could be formed of the cobalt nickel alloy. This simplifies the manufacture of the magnetic optically variable device or structure by only using a single metal and a single dielectric.
Another embodiment of the thin film structure having magnetic and optical variable properties is shown in Figure 2 and takes the form of a magne-tic optically variable pigment. As shown in Figure 2, this pigment is comprised of a symmetrical design which lends itself to being broken up into flakes which can be utilized in making pigment in the manner described in United States Patent No. 5,059,245. The symmetrical design 31 shown in Figure 2 is formed using a reflecting metallic layer which also has magnetic properties. As explained in connection with the previous embodiment, the metal is selected Eor its 6 61051-22~7 reflectlng properties as well as lts magnetic properties. The metal is deposited to a thickness so that lt is substantlally opa~ue. One metal Eound to be satlsfactory ls a cobalt nlckel alloy with the cobalt nlckel havlng a ratlo by welght of 80~'~ and 20'-~ respectively. Thls ratio for each of the metals can be varled by plus or minus lOs~ and stlll achleve the deslred results. The reflecting layer ~2 is provlded wlth first and second reflecting surfaces 33 and 34. Dielectrlc spacer layers 36 and 37 are pro-vlded on the surfaces 33 and 34 and are formed of a sultable low lndex of refraction materlal such as magnesium fluoride. Metallic absorber layers 38 and 39 formed o~ a suitable absorber metal such as chromlum are deposited on the dielectrlc layers 36 and 37.
They are deposlted to a thlckness so that they are seml-trans-parent. As polnted out prevlously, when it ls deslred to use only a single metal in the structure, the chromium layer can be re-placed with the cobalt nickel alloy utllized for the reflectlng layer 32.
IE a speclfic color shift ls deslred or lf lt 1s desired to remove certaln colors, dyed superstrates 41 anfl 42 are provided on th~ metal layers 38 and 39 to provlde subtractant colorant means of the type hereinbefore descrlbed ln connectlon wlth Figure 1.
The structure whlch is shown ln Figure 2 can be prepared in flake form in the manner descrlbed ln U.S. Patent No.
5,059,245. The symmetrical deslgn partlcularly lends ltself to such an appllcatlon. In utillzlng flakes formed from the struc-ture shown ln Flgure 2, a magnetic optlcally varlable plgment can be provlded ln whlch magnetlc lnformation can be encoded ln the palnt -7 1 31 '~052 incorporating the pigment or in which the pigment simply exhibits magnetic properties so that it can be utilized in credit cards, checks and the like in the manner hereinbefore described.

An alternate construction of a device incorporating the present invention is shown in Figure 3 which is transferrable and generally comprises a metal dielectric thin film ~tack which can be provided with or without a subtractive colorant placed on a releas-able hardcoat substrate which can be tran~erred to another substrate. This device 46 as shown in Figure, 3 consists of a transparent flexible substrate formed of a suitable material such as PET. ~he substrate 47 is provided with surfaces 48 and 49. A releasable hardcoat or releasable layer 51 is deposi~ed on the surface 48 and is of a conventional type. The release layer 51 can be formed of any suitable material such as a wax, silicone or acrylic and can have a suitable thickness such as approximately 1 micron. If de~ired, the releasable material should be one which can be carry a color so that a dyed releasable hardcoat can be provided when that effect is desired. When the release layer is dyed it pro~ides the sub-subtractive colorant means in the dyed s~perstrates in the previous embodi-ments of the pre~ent invention.

A metallic layer 52 is deposited on the release layer 51 and ~ formed o~ a suitable material such as chromi-umO This metallic layer ~erves as one of the metal layers in the metal dialectric stack. ~he dielectric is ~ormed by a layer ~3 formed of a suitable dielectric having a low index o~ rsfraction as, ~or example~
magnesium fluoride. Another metal layer 54 formed of a cobalt nickel composition of the type hereinbefore described as, for example, an 80-20% by weight mixture is disposed on the dielectric layer 53. An adhesive layer 56 i6 deposited on the metal layar 54. The adhesive can be a conventional hot stamp adhesive or other suitable type of adhesive ~uch as a pressure sensitive adhesive. 'rhe adhesive layer 56 can have a suitable thickness such a~ approximately 1/2 mil. The metal dielectric ~tack which is shown in Figure 3 can be readily transferred to another article.

When it is desired to make a transfer, a hot die stamp can be utilized to stamp out the desired image and to heat the adhe~ive so that the adhesive will adhere to the transfer substrate at the places where it is heated. Thus the device o~ the present invention will only ba trans~ered in the areas where heat has been applied It should be appreciated that with a device such as shown in Figure 3, it is possible to place the adhesive on the counter surface in predetermined locations. A
roll-on transfer can then be utilized which will cause the device to stick where the adhesive is present and not to stick where the adhesive is not present so that a pattern can be provided if the device is provided on the counter surface.

It should be appreciated that in accordance with the present invention, the structure or device can be placed in a bar codP pattern which would produce an optically variable bar code device that would appear on a label or on the article itself. Such a bar code would function as an optically variable bar code that could be read by both optical and magnetic readers.
Such a bar code optically variable device would provide three security features, the bar code itself, the optically variable characteristic and the magnetic characteristic.

From the ~sregoing it can be seen that there has been provided a thin film structure which has both magnetic and optically variable properties which lend itsel~ to many different types of applications, particularly where additional security is desired.

Claims (11)

1. In a thin film structure having magnetic properties and optically variable properties, a substrate and a multilayer interference coating carried by the substrate producing an inherent color shift with angle, said interference coating having a metal-dielectric design which includes a metal which has magnetic as well as reflective properties.
2. A structure as in Claim 1 wherein said metal having reflecting and magnetic properties is a cobalt nickel alloy.
3. A structure as in Claim 2 wherein said cobalt nickel alloy is a composition of 80% cobalt and 20%
nickel by weight plus or minus 10% for each metal in the alloy.
4. A structure as in Claim 1 together with subtrac-tive colorant means external of the multilayer inter-ference coating on the side of the multilayer interfer-ence coating facing the incident light, said subtrac-tive colorant means in combination with a multilayer interference coating serving to modify the inherent color shift produced by the multilayer interference coating to provide a discrete color shift from one distinct color to another color at two different angles of incidence.
5. A structure as in Claim 1 wherein said subtractive colorant means is in the form of a dyed superstrate.
6. A structure as in Claim 1 together with a release layer disposed between the interference coating and the substrate.
7. A structure as in Claim 6 together with an adhesive carried by the interference coating, said adhesive being exposed to the ambient.
8. In a thin film structure having substantial color shift with angle of light incidence and viewing, a symmetrical multilayer interference coating producing an inherent color shift with angle, said symmetrical multilayer interference coating being a metal layer formed of a metal which is highly reflecting and which has magnetic properties and a dielectric layer disposed on opposite sides of the metal layer and a metallic absorber layer disposed on each of the dielectric spacer layers.
9. A structure in Claim 6 together with subtractive colorant means carried by each of the opposite sides of the symmetrical multilayer interference coating.
10. A structure as in Claim 7 wherein said metallic layer having highly reflecting and magnetic properties is comprised of a cobalt nickel alloy.
11. A structure as in Claim 8 wherein said cobalt nickel alloy has a composition of approximately 80-20%
by weight respectively of cobalt and nickel plus or minus 10% for each metal in the alloy.
CA000598468A 1988-05-03 1989-05-02 Thin film structure having magnetic and color shifting properties Expired - Lifetime CA1319052C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/189,779 US4838648A (en) 1988-05-03 1988-05-03 Thin film structure having magnetic and color shifting properties
US189,779 1988-05-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1319052C true CA1319052C (en) 1993-06-15

Family

ID=22698739

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000598468A Expired - Lifetime CA1319052C (en) 1988-05-03 1989-05-02 Thin film structure having magnetic and color shifting properties

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4838648A (en)
EP (1) EP0341002B2 (en)
JP (1) JP2960434B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE123888T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1319052C (en)
DE (1) DE68923036T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2072901T5 (en)
GR (2) GR3017135T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1005756A1 (en)

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