CA1340923C - Detergent composition with fabric softening properties - Google Patents
Detergent composition with fabric softening propertiesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1340923C CA1340923C CA000514217A CA514217A CA1340923C CA 1340923 C CA1340923 C CA 1340923C CA 000514217 A CA000514217 A CA 000514217A CA 514217 A CA514217 A CA 514217A CA 1340923 C CA1340923 C CA 1340923C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fabric softening
- cellulose ether
- fabric
- soap
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/001—Softening compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
- C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
Abstract
A fabric treatment composition contains at least a detergent active material, a fabric softening agent and 0.5 to 3% a nonionic substituted cellulose ether derivative which has an HLB of 3.1 to 4.3 and a gel point of less than 58°C, which improve softening performances on cotton while controlling deposition on synthetic fabrics. Ethyl, hydroxyethyl or methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ethers are preferred. The detergent active material is anionic or a mixture thereof with other detergent active materials and may be present at 2 to 50%
of the composition. The softening agent may be soap, a cationic material, a fatty amine and/or a clay with a soap/cationic mixture being preferred, and may be present at 0.5 to 50% of the composition.
of the composition. The softening agent may be soap, a cationic material, a fatty amine and/or a clay with a soap/cationic mixture being preferred, and may be present at 0.5 to 50% of the composition.
Description
'3409 2~
DETERGENT COMPOSITION
H~ITH FABRIC SOFTENING PROPERTIES
This invention relates to a detergent composition for treating fabrics in particular to such compositions which are capable oi= softening natural fibre wash load articles without causing redeposition problems on any synthetic fibre fabrics in the load. In particular the invention is d.irecte~d to compositions capable of achieving an optimum balance of softening and detergency across a mixed fibre wash load.
It is desirable to overcome the possible harshening of fabrics which may result from repeated washing by treating the fabrics with a fabric softening agent either during the fabric washing step or in a subsequent fabric rinsing operation. Amongst the materials proposed as fabric softening agents are quaternary ammonium compounds, imidazolinium derivatives, fatty amines, fatty amine oxides, soaps, clays and mixtures thereof. Harshening of fabrics is a F>articular problem when the fabric is formed of or contain: natural fibres such as cotton and wool.
DETERGENT COMPOSITION
H~ITH FABRIC SOFTENING PROPERTIES
This invention relates to a detergent composition for treating fabrics in particular to such compositions which are capable oi= softening natural fibre wash load articles without causing redeposition problems on any synthetic fibre fabrics in the load. In particular the invention is d.irecte~d to compositions capable of achieving an optimum balance of softening and detergency across a mixed fibre wash load.
It is desirable to overcome the possible harshening of fabrics which may result from repeated washing by treating the fabrics with a fabric softening agent either during the fabric washing step or in a subsequent fabric rinsing operation. Amongst the materials proposed as fabric softening agents are quaternary ammonium compounds, imidazolinium derivatives, fatty amines, fatty amine oxides, soaps, clays and mixtures thereof. Harshening of fabrics is a F>articular problem when the fabric is formed of or contain: natural fibres such as cotton and wool.
A problem associated with the deposition of organic fabric softening ager.~ts on fabrics during the wash is that to achieve a desirable degree of softening effect on fabrics, an increase ins the deposition of fatty and particulate soil occurs on synthetic fabrics, leading to unsightly discolouratior.~.
Products. designed for cleaning fabrics often contain in addition to a detergent active material to remove soil from the fabric, an anti-redeposition material to reduce the redepositi.on of the removed soil from the wash liquor back onto the fabrics. Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (SCMC) is one material used for this purpose. It reduces redeposition of clay and soot (or carbon) particulate soils onto hydrophilic fabrics such as cotton but not on hydrophobic fabrics,.
For hydrophobic fabrics, such as polyester and acrylic fabric's, problems of redeposition are particularly extreme becau~ce the redeposition problem is one of organic fatty soil together with particulate, inorganic, soil.
The problem o:E redeposition on hydrophobic fabrics can be allevie~ted by incorporation of certain nonionic cellulose ether polymers, as described in South African Patent Specification No 71/5149 (UNILEVER).
It is proposed in United States Patent Specification No 3 920 561 i;DESMARIS assigned to THE PROCTER AND GAMBLE
COMPANY) to treat fabrics with a composition comprising a fabric softenE~r and a highly substituted methyl cellulose derivative, such as a methyl cellulose containing from 2.14 to 2.62 methyl groups per anhydroglucose ring, in order to impart superior soil release benefits, especially to polyester l.abric;s while simultaneously imparting fabric softness in the rinse. We have found that these specified cellulose ether derivatives and others do not increase the d.eposit:ion of organic fabric softening agents on natural fibre fabrics in the wash step.
However, we halve surprisingly found a selected class of nonionic cellulose ether derivatives which, in addition to controlling redeposi.tion on synthetic fibres, are capable of enhancing fabric softening in the wash step on natural fibre fabrics.
Thus, according to the invention there is provided a fabric treatment composition comprising ( i) a non-soap anionic detergent active material or a mixture thereof with other non-soap detergent active materials;
( ii) a fabric softening agent; and (iii) from 0.5$ to 3~ by weight of a water-soluble nonionic substituted cellulose ether derivative having an HLB (as herein defined) of between 3.1 and 4.3, preferably between 3.3 and 3.8, and a gel point (as herein defined) of less than 58°C, preferably between 33°C Bind 56°C, provided that the derivative contains substantially no hydroxyalkyl groups containing 4 or more carbon atoms.
The useful sut>stituted cellulose ether derivatives are defined in. part by their HLB. HLB is a well known measure of the hydrophilic-lyophilic balance of a material and can be cal.culate:d from its molecular structure. A
suitable estimation method for emulsifiers is described by J T Davies, 2n.d Int Congress of Surface Activity 1957, I
pp 426-439. This method has been adopted to derive a relative HLB rankin<~ for cellulose ethers by summation of Davies's HLB a~ssignnnents for substituent groups at the three available hydroxyl sites on the anhydroglucose ring of the polymer. The HLB assignments for substituent groups includes the i=ollowing Residual. hydroxyl 1.9 Methyl 0.825 Ethyl 0.350 Hydroxy ethyl 1.63 Hydroxy propy7L 1.15 Hydroxy butyl 0.67 (by extrapolation from Davies) The cellulose ether derivatives useful herein are polymers. Th.e gel point of polymers can be measured in a number of way~~. In the present context the gel point is measured on a polymE~r solution prepared at 10 g/1 concentration in deionised water by heating 50 ml solution placed in a beaker, with stirring, at a heating rate of approximately 5°C/m~_nute. The temperature at which the solution clouds is t:he gel point of the cellulose ether being tested a.nd is measured using a Sybron/Brinkmann colorimeter at. 80$ t_ransmission/450 nm.
Provided. that the HLB and gel point of the polymer fall within the required ranges, the degree of substitution (DS) oi= the anhydroglucose ring may be any value up to th.e theoretical maximum value of 3, but is preferably from about 1.9-2.9, there being a maximum of 3 hydroxyl grou~~s on each anhydroglucose unit in cellulose.
The expressior,~ 'molar substitution' (MS) is sometimes also used in connection with these polymers and refers the number of hydr~oxyall~;yl substituents per anhydroglucose ring and may be more than 3 when the substituents themselves c<irry further substituents.
The most higlhly preferred polymers have an average number of anhydrog.lucose units in the cellulose polymer, or weight avf~rage degree of polymerisation, from about 50 to about 1,200. )For certain product forms, eg liquids, it may be de:~irabl~e to include polymers of relatively low degree of po:lymeri;sation to obtain a satisfactory product viscosity.
A numbE:r of cellulose ether derivatives suitable for use in the present invention are commercially available, as follows:
DS/MS
Trade Name Ge 1 point °C HLB (Davies) alkyl/hydroxalkyl BERMOCOLL CST035 35 3.40 )1.4 ethyl (ex Berol Kemi) )0.5 hydroxyethyl BERMOCOLL E481 56 3.77 )0.9 ethyl (ex Berol Kemi) )2.0 hydroxyethyl *TYLOSE MHB 1000 54 3.52 )2.0 methyl (ex Hoechst) )0.1 hydroxyethyl A number of other cellulose ether derivatives are known from tree prior art, but have been found to be unsuitable fc>r use in the present invention. Thus, British Specification No GB 2 038 353B (COLGATE-PALMOLIVE) discloses TYLOSE MH 300 (ex Hoechst) which has a gel point c~f 58°C and METHOCEL XD 8861 (ex Dow Chemical Company, now coded METHOCEL HB12M) which contains about 0.1 hydroxybutyl substituents per anhydroglucose ring, *denotes trade mark while Japanese Patent Specification No 59-6293 (LION RR) discloses KLU'CEL H (ex Hercules Chemical Corp) which has an HLB of about 4.~4, METHOCEL R4M (ex Dow Chemical Company) which has a gel point of about 69°C, and NATROSOL
250H (ex Hercules Chemical Corp) which has an HLB of about 6.9. The amount of cellulose ether derivative to be employed in compositions according to the invention is from 0.5 to 3% by weight of the composition.
The compositions according to the invention necessarily contain a non-soap anionic detergent active material, which may be mixed with other non-soap detergent compounds selected from nonionic, zwitterionic and amphoteric synthetic detergent: active materials. Many suitable detergent corr~pound:~ are commercially available and are ' fully descrit;~ed in the literature, for example in ~Surface Active Agents. and Detergents~, Volumes I and II, by Schwartz, Perry and Berch.
Anionic' detergent active materials are usually water-soluble alka7_i metal salts of organic sulphates and sulphonates having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 .. to about 22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
Examples of suitab7Le synthetic anionic detergent compounds are sodium anal potassium alkyl sulphates, especially those obtained by sulphating higher (C8-C18 ) alcohols produced for example from t~illow or coconut oil, sodium and potassium alkyl (C~~-C20) benzene sulphonates, particularly sodium linear secondary alkyl (C10-C15) benzene sulphonates;
sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulphates, especially those ethers of they highE~r alcohols derived from tallow or coconut oil a.nd synthetic alcohols derived from *denotes trade mark x petroleum; sodium coconut oil fatty monoglyceride sulphates and sulphonates; sodium and potassium salts of sulphuric acid esters of higher (C8-C18) fatty alcohol-alkylene ox:i.de, particularly ethylene oxide, reaction products; i~he reaction products of fatty acids such as coconut fati=y acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralised with sodium hydroxide; sodium and potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyl taurine;
alkane monosul.phonai=es such as those derived by reacting alpha-olefins (C8-C,~O) with sodium bisulphite and those derived from reacting paraffins with S02 and C12 and then hydrolysing wii=h a base to produce a random sulphonate; arid ole:Ein sulphonates, which term is used to describe the material made by reacting olefins, particularly C10-C20 alpha-olefins, with S03 and then neutralising and hydrolysing the rea<:tion product. The preferred anionic detergent comb>ounds are sodium (C11-C15) alkyl benzene sulphonates and sodium (C16-C18) alkyl sulphates.
Suitable nonionic detergent compounds which may be used include in pari~icular the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for esxample aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alk~~l phenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide: eithESr alone or with propylene oxide.
Specific nonionic detergent compounds are alkyl (C6-C22) phenols-ethylene ox:i.de condensates, generally 5 to 25 EO, ie 5 to 25 units of ethylene oxide per molecule, the condensation products of aliphatic (C8-C18) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, generally 5 tc> 40 EO, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxidE~ with the reaction products of propylene oxide and eth~~lened:iamine. Other so-called nonionic detergent compounds include long chain tertiary amine _8_ oxides, long chain i:ertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulphoxides.
Mixture; of anionic and nonionic compounds may be used in the deaergent compositions, particularly to provide controlled 7Low sudsing properties. This is beneficial for compositions intended for use in suds-intolerant automatic washing machines.
Amounts of amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent compounds can also be used in the compositions of the invention but this is not normally desired due to their relatively high cosi:. If any amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent comF~ounds are used it is generally in small amounts.
The effective amount of the detergent active compound or compounds used in the composition of the present invention is generally in the range of from 2 to 50$, preferably fronn 5 to 40$ by weight, most preferably not more than 30$ by weight of the composition.
A second essential component of the compositions of the present invention is a fabric softening agent which may be selected from quaternary ammonium compounds, imidazolinium derivatives (both of which are cationic fabric softening agcsnts), fatty amines, soaps, fabric softening clays (particularly organo-modified clays) and mixtures therE~of .
The fabric so:Etening material is preferably a cold water-insoluble matesrial, that is a material having a solubility at 20°C o f less than 10 g/1 in water at a pH
13409 2~
value of about: 6 or a material which will form an insoluble calcium salt in hard water.
Highly ~>referred water-insoluble quaternary ammonium compounds are those having two C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl chains, optionally :substituted by functional groups such a s --OH , --O--~ , --CONH , --COO-- a tc .
Well known species of substantially water-insoluble quaternary ammonium compounds have the formula R1 R3 +
N X
wherein R1 and R2 rcspresent hydrocarbyl groups from about 12 to about 2~E carbon atoms; R3 and R4 represent hydrocarbyl groups containing from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is an anion, preferably selected from halide, methyl sulfatE: and ethyl sulfate radicals. Representative examples of these quaternary softeners include ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride; ditallow dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfatE~; dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride;
di(hydrogenatE~d tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride;
dioctadecyl dp_methy:l ammonium chloride; dieicosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; didocosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride;
di(hydrogenatE:d tallow) dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate;
dihexadecyl d~:ethyl ammonium chloride; di(coconut alkyl) dimethyl ammonium clhloride. Ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(c:oconut alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride and di (coconut al~;yl) dimethyl ammonium methosulfate are preferred.
- to -Another class of preferred water-insoluble cationic materials are the alkylimidazolinium salts believed to have the formula:
CH2 Cla2 N 1V C2H4 N C R~ A
wherein R6 is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group containing from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms, R~ is an alkyl or alkenyl group containing from 8 to 25 carbon atoms, R8 is an alkyl or alkenyl group containing from 8 to 25 carbon atoms, and R9 is hydrogen or an alkyl containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and A is an anion, preferably a halide, methosulfate or ethosulfate.
Preferred imidazolinium salts include 1-methyl-1-(tallowylamido-) eahyl -2-tallowyl- 4,5-dihydro imidazolinium methosulfate and 1-methyl-1- (palmitoyl-amido)ethyl -2-oct.adecyl-4,5- dihydro- imidazolinium chloride. Other useful imidazolinium materials are 2-heptadecyl-1-methyl-1- (2-stearylamido)- ethyl-imidazolinium chloride and 2-lauryl-1-hydroxyethyl-1-oleyl-imidazolinium chloride. Also suitable herein are the imidazolinium fabric softening components of US Patent No. 4 127 489. As used. herein-_______________________________________________________ the term "fabric =softening agent" excludes, cationic detergent active materials which have a solubility above 10 g/1 in water at: 2o°C at a pH of about 6.
Preferred fabric softening agents include water-insoluble tertiary amines having the general formula:
wherein R1 is a C10-C26 alkyl or alkenyl group, R2 is the same as R1 or if R1 is a C20-C26 alkyl or alkenyl group, may be a C1-C~ alkyl. group and R3 has the formula -CH2-Y, wherein Y is H, C1-C'.6 alkyl O , -CH20H, -CH=CH2, -CH2CH20H, -CH2-C ~'~ -CH2C ~ RS or i,R4 ~N
'R
~ R6 -CH2CH2N ~
\R6 wherein R4 is a CI-C4 alkyl group, each R5 is independently H or C:I-C20, and each R6 is independently H
or C1-C20 alkyl.
Preferably RI and R2 each independently represent a C12-C22 alkyl group,, preferably straight-chained and R3 is methyl or ethyl. ;3uitable amines include: didecyl methylamine; d.ilauryl methylamine; dimyristyl methylamine;
dicetyl methyl.amine;; distearyl methylamine; diarachidyl methylamine; d:ibehenyl methylamine; arachidyl behenyl methylamine or di (mixed arachidyl/behenyl) methylamine;
di (tallowyl) methy:Lamine; arachidyl/behenyl dimethylamine and the corresponding ethylamines, propylamines and butylamines. Especially preferred is ditallowyl methylamine. This is commercially available as *Arzneen M2HT from AKZO NV, ass *Genamin SH301 from FARBWERKE
HOECHST, and a.s *Noram M2SH from the CECA COMPANY.
OH
When Y is , -CH=CH2, -CH20H, -CH-CH3 or -CH2-CN, suitable amines include: didecyl benzylamine; dilauryl benzylamine; dimyri;styl benzylamine; dicetyl benzylamine;
distearyl ben::ylami:ne; dioleyl benzylamine; dilinoleyl benzylamine; ~iiaraclzidyl benzylamine; dibehenyl benzyl-amine; di (arachidy:L/behenyl) benzylamine, ditallowyl benzylamine and the corresponding allylamines, hydroxy ethylamines, hydroxy propylamines and 2-cyanoethylamines.
Especially preferred are ditallowyl benzylamine and ditallowyl al7.ylamine.
Mixture:> of any of these amines may be used.
When the: fabric softening agent is a soap, this includes not only the usual alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts o:E fatty acids, but also the organic salts which can be :Formed by complexing fatty acids with organic nitrogen-containing materials such as amines and derivatives thereof.. Usually, the soap comprises salts of higher fatty acids containing from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, prefer~~bly from 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the molecule, or mixturE~s thereof.
Preferred examples of soaps include sodium stearate, sodium palmita~te, sodium salts of tallow, coconut oil and palm oil fatt~~ acids and complexes between stearic and/or palmitic fatt~~ acid and/or tallow and/or coconut oil *denotes trade m~~rk and/or palm oil fatty acids with water-soluble alkanolamines such a.s ethanolamine, di- or tri-ethanolamine, N-methylethanol- amine, N-ethylethanolamine, 2-methylethanolamine: and 2,2-dimethyl ethanolamine and N-containing ring compounds such as morpholine, 2'-pyrrolidone and their methyl derivatives.
Mixtures of soaps can also be employed.
Particularly preferred are the sodium and potassium salts of the mixed fatty acids derived from coconut oil and tallow, that is sodium and potassium tallow and coconut soap.
The level of fabric softening agent in the composition is preferably more than 0.5$ by weight, such as more than 2$ by Freight in order to provide a noticeable fabric softening benefit. Preferably not more than 50$
by weight, such as riot more than 20~ by weight of fabric softener is used to leave room in the formulation for other ingredients. When the fabric softening agent is a soap, a level of Less than 10$ by weight of the composition is sufficient to provide a fabric softening benef it .
We have found particularly beneficial effects when the fabric softening agent is a mixture of soap and either a cationic fabric softening agent or a fatty amine.
The compositions of the invention will generally include a detergency builder to improve the efficiency of the detergent active, in particular to remove calcium hardness ions from t:he water and to provide alkalinity.
The builder material. may be selected from precipitating builder materials (such as alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, orthophosphates and silicates), sequestering builder materials (such as alkali metal pyrophosphate:>, polyphosphates, amino polyacetates, phytates, pol5~phosplZOnates, aminopolymethylene phosphonates and po:Lycarboxylates), ion-exchange builder materials (suc:h as ;aeolites and amorphous alumino-silicates) , oz- mixtures of any one or more of these materials. F>referred examples of builder materials include sodium tripolyphosphate, mixtures thereof with sodium orthophosphate, sodium carbonate, mixtures thereof with calcite as a sued crystal, sodium citrate, zeolite and the sodium salt of nitrilo- triacetic acid.
The levE:l of builder material in the compositions of the invention may be up to 80$ by weight, preferably from 20$ to 70$ by weight and most preferably from 30$ to 60$
by weight.
Apart from the components already mentioned, a detergent composition of the invention can contain any of the conventional additives in the amounts in which such additives are normally employed in fabric washing detergent compositions. Examples of these additives include the 1<ither lboosters such as alkanolamides, particularly l.he mo:noethanolamides derived from palm kernel fatty acids and coconut fatty acids, lather depressants, oxygen-releasing bleaching agents such as sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate, peracid bleach precursors, chlorine-releasing bleaching agents such as tricloroisocyanuric acid, inorganic salts such as sodium sulphate, and,, usually present in very minor amounts, fluorescent agents, perfumes, enzymes such as cellulases, proteases and amylases, germicides and colourants.
13449 2~
The compositions may be in any convenient form such as bars, powders, pastes or liquids.
PREPARATION OF' THE COMPOSITION
The detergent compositions may be prepared in any way appropriate to t=heir physical form such as by dry-mixing the: components, co-agglomerating them or dispersing them in a liquid carrier. However, a preferred physical i_orm is a granule incorporating a detergency builder material and this is most conveniently manufactured by spray-drying at least part of the composition. The cellulose ether derivative may be incorporated either by dry mixing (optionally with other ingredients in a port-dosed adjunct) or by being included with other ingredients in a slurry and spray-drying. The fabric softening agent may be incorporated as such or, in the case of a cationic fabric softening agent, it may be incorporated i.n the form of particles which also contain a dispersion inh~ibitoi- such as tallow alcohol as described in United States Patient Specification US 3 936 537 (referred to above)"
The invention will now be illustrated in the following non-~limit~Lng examples .
Commercially available detergent compositions having the following approximate formulations were employed in these examples.:
Ingredients (parts by weight) Base A Base B
Anionic detergent active 6.0 6.5 Nonionic detergent active 4.0 2.5 Coconut alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride - 1,7 Ditallow methyl amine - 3,7 Clay - 4.2 Sodium tripolyphosphate 32.0 30.0 Sodium silicate 6.0 7.5 Sodium carbo:xymethyl cellulose 0.75 0.9 Sodium sulphate 13.9 12.0 Sodium perborate tetrahydrate - 25.0 Moisture and minor ingredients 13.35 6.0 In a first series of examples, a wash liquor was prepared containing 4 g/1 of a product made up of 76 parts Base A, 5 parts hardened tallow soap particles, 5.0 parts of cationic ;particles consisting of 3.75 parts AROSURF
TA100 and 1.25 parts tallow alcohol, and optionally 3 parts of a cellulose ether derivative (added as a 10 g/1 solution), t;he balance to 100 parts being made up with sodium sulphate. This liquor was used to wash a fabric load containing artificially soiled test cloths together with terry t~~welling and polyester monitors in a laboratory s~~ale apparatus using 24° FH water, a liquor to cloth ratio ~~f about 20:1, a wash time of 15 minutes at 50°C, a 2 minute flood at 50$ dilution followed by three 5 minute rinses. The fabric load was then line-dried.
After drying, the terry towelling monitors were assessed for softness subjectively by expert judges who assess softness by comparison of pairs of monitors leading to preferance scores which are then adjusted to give a score of zero for the control. A positive score indicates *denotes trade mark x X3409 ~~
better softness than the control. The results are set out in the following table, which for reference also quotes the gel point: and the HLB of the materials used.
The polyester monitors were then assessed for redeposition c~f soil. from the test cloths by measuring the reflectance at. 460 rim using a Zeiss Elrepho spectrophotomeaer with a UV filter. The results are also given in the following Table, expressed in terms relative to the reflectance of the untreated polyester monitors, CD R) Example Cellulose ether Softening Gel HLB -OR
No Score Point 1 BERMOC'.OLL CST +1.38 35C 3.4 10 2 TYLOSE; MHB 7L000 +0.83 54C 3.5 7 3 BERMOC',OLL E 481 +0.38 56C 3.8 9 Control NONE 0 - - 13 C TYLOSE; MH 300 -0.25 58C 4.1 10 D BERMOC',OLL E:L50F -0.42 65C 4.1 9 E NATRO~~OL 250L -0.81 62C 6.9 17 These results demonstrate that, compared with the control, all those cellulose ether derivatives which have a gel point bE~low 58°C and an HLB between 3.1 and 4.3 exhibit a soft:.ening benefit. In all examples, some deposition on the polyester monitors occurred, as indicated by t:he negative f~, R values . The results demonstrate however that with Examples 1, 2 and 3 less redeposition occurs than with the control.
The samE~ procedure was followed except that the wash liquor tested contained 100 parts of Base B and 3 parts of the cellulose ether derivative. The results were as set out in the following table which also gives the structure of the materials used.
EXAMPLE NO CELLULOSE ETHER SOFTENING STRUCTURE
SCORE
4 BERMOCOhL CST 035 +1.24 1.4 ethyl 0.5 hydroxyethyl 5 TYLOSE MIHB 1000 +1.20 2.0 methyl 0.1 hydroxyethyl Control NONE 0 -., , F METHOCE;L HB12M +0.96 2.0 methyl 0.08 hydroxybutyl These results demonstrate the superiority of the cellulose ether derivatives used in Examples 4 and 5 compared with the material used in Example F which contains a hydroxyal.kyl group in which the alkyl portion contains 4 carbon atoms.
The same conclusion can be drawn from the following results which are obtained from wash liquors containing 4 g/1 of a product made up of 100 parts Base B, 5 parts hardened tallow soap and 3 parts cellulose ether derivative:
EXAMPLE NO CELLCfLOSE ETHER SOFTENING SCORE
6 BERMOCOLL CST 035 +1.33 7 TYLO~~E MHB 1000 +0.86 Control NONE 0 G METHOCEL HB 12 M +0.65 Examples 1 and 3 were repeated except that the particles cont.aininq the cationic fabric softener were excluded and softne:>s was assessed after three washes.
Results were a.s foll.ows EXAMPLE NO CELLULOSE ETHER SOFTENING
SCORE
Products. designed for cleaning fabrics often contain in addition to a detergent active material to remove soil from the fabric, an anti-redeposition material to reduce the redepositi.on of the removed soil from the wash liquor back onto the fabrics. Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (SCMC) is one material used for this purpose. It reduces redeposition of clay and soot (or carbon) particulate soils onto hydrophilic fabrics such as cotton but not on hydrophobic fabrics,.
For hydrophobic fabrics, such as polyester and acrylic fabric's, problems of redeposition are particularly extreme becau~ce the redeposition problem is one of organic fatty soil together with particulate, inorganic, soil.
The problem o:E redeposition on hydrophobic fabrics can be allevie~ted by incorporation of certain nonionic cellulose ether polymers, as described in South African Patent Specification No 71/5149 (UNILEVER).
It is proposed in United States Patent Specification No 3 920 561 i;DESMARIS assigned to THE PROCTER AND GAMBLE
COMPANY) to treat fabrics with a composition comprising a fabric softenE~r and a highly substituted methyl cellulose derivative, such as a methyl cellulose containing from 2.14 to 2.62 methyl groups per anhydroglucose ring, in order to impart superior soil release benefits, especially to polyester l.abric;s while simultaneously imparting fabric softness in the rinse. We have found that these specified cellulose ether derivatives and others do not increase the d.eposit:ion of organic fabric softening agents on natural fibre fabrics in the wash step.
However, we halve surprisingly found a selected class of nonionic cellulose ether derivatives which, in addition to controlling redeposi.tion on synthetic fibres, are capable of enhancing fabric softening in the wash step on natural fibre fabrics.
Thus, according to the invention there is provided a fabric treatment composition comprising ( i) a non-soap anionic detergent active material or a mixture thereof with other non-soap detergent active materials;
( ii) a fabric softening agent; and (iii) from 0.5$ to 3~ by weight of a water-soluble nonionic substituted cellulose ether derivative having an HLB (as herein defined) of between 3.1 and 4.3, preferably between 3.3 and 3.8, and a gel point (as herein defined) of less than 58°C, preferably between 33°C Bind 56°C, provided that the derivative contains substantially no hydroxyalkyl groups containing 4 or more carbon atoms.
The useful sut>stituted cellulose ether derivatives are defined in. part by their HLB. HLB is a well known measure of the hydrophilic-lyophilic balance of a material and can be cal.culate:d from its molecular structure. A
suitable estimation method for emulsifiers is described by J T Davies, 2n.d Int Congress of Surface Activity 1957, I
pp 426-439. This method has been adopted to derive a relative HLB rankin<~ for cellulose ethers by summation of Davies's HLB a~ssignnnents for substituent groups at the three available hydroxyl sites on the anhydroglucose ring of the polymer. The HLB assignments for substituent groups includes the i=ollowing Residual. hydroxyl 1.9 Methyl 0.825 Ethyl 0.350 Hydroxy ethyl 1.63 Hydroxy propy7L 1.15 Hydroxy butyl 0.67 (by extrapolation from Davies) The cellulose ether derivatives useful herein are polymers. Th.e gel point of polymers can be measured in a number of way~~. In the present context the gel point is measured on a polymE~r solution prepared at 10 g/1 concentration in deionised water by heating 50 ml solution placed in a beaker, with stirring, at a heating rate of approximately 5°C/m~_nute. The temperature at which the solution clouds is t:he gel point of the cellulose ether being tested a.nd is measured using a Sybron/Brinkmann colorimeter at. 80$ t_ransmission/450 nm.
Provided. that the HLB and gel point of the polymer fall within the required ranges, the degree of substitution (DS) oi= the anhydroglucose ring may be any value up to th.e theoretical maximum value of 3, but is preferably from about 1.9-2.9, there being a maximum of 3 hydroxyl grou~~s on each anhydroglucose unit in cellulose.
The expressior,~ 'molar substitution' (MS) is sometimes also used in connection with these polymers and refers the number of hydr~oxyall~;yl substituents per anhydroglucose ring and may be more than 3 when the substituents themselves c<irry further substituents.
The most higlhly preferred polymers have an average number of anhydrog.lucose units in the cellulose polymer, or weight avf~rage degree of polymerisation, from about 50 to about 1,200. )For certain product forms, eg liquids, it may be de:~irabl~e to include polymers of relatively low degree of po:lymeri;sation to obtain a satisfactory product viscosity.
A numbE:r of cellulose ether derivatives suitable for use in the present invention are commercially available, as follows:
DS/MS
Trade Name Ge 1 point °C HLB (Davies) alkyl/hydroxalkyl BERMOCOLL CST035 35 3.40 )1.4 ethyl (ex Berol Kemi) )0.5 hydroxyethyl BERMOCOLL E481 56 3.77 )0.9 ethyl (ex Berol Kemi) )2.0 hydroxyethyl *TYLOSE MHB 1000 54 3.52 )2.0 methyl (ex Hoechst) )0.1 hydroxyethyl A number of other cellulose ether derivatives are known from tree prior art, but have been found to be unsuitable fc>r use in the present invention. Thus, British Specification No GB 2 038 353B (COLGATE-PALMOLIVE) discloses TYLOSE MH 300 (ex Hoechst) which has a gel point c~f 58°C and METHOCEL XD 8861 (ex Dow Chemical Company, now coded METHOCEL HB12M) which contains about 0.1 hydroxybutyl substituents per anhydroglucose ring, *denotes trade mark while Japanese Patent Specification No 59-6293 (LION RR) discloses KLU'CEL H (ex Hercules Chemical Corp) which has an HLB of about 4.~4, METHOCEL R4M (ex Dow Chemical Company) which has a gel point of about 69°C, and NATROSOL
250H (ex Hercules Chemical Corp) which has an HLB of about 6.9. The amount of cellulose ether derivative to be employed in compositions according to the invention is from 0.5 to 3% by weight of the composition.
The compositions according to the invention necessarily contain a non-soap anionic detergent active material, which may be mixed with other non-soap detergent compounds selected from nonionic, zwitterionic and amphoteric synthetic detergent: active materials. Many suitable detergent corr~pound:~ are commercially available and are ' fully descrit;~ed in the literature, for example in ~Surface Active Agents. and Detergents~, Volumes I and II, by Schwartz, Perry and Berch.
Anionic' detergent active materials are usually water-soluble alka7_i metal salts of organic sulphates and sulphonates having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 .. to about 22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
Examples of suitab7Le synthetic anionic detergent compounds are sodium anal potassium alkyl sulphates, especially those obtained by sulphating higher (C8-C18 ) alcohols produced for example from t~illow or coconut oil, sodium and potassium alkyl (C~~-C20) benzene sulphonates, particularly sodium linear secondary alkyl (C10-C15) benzene sulphonates;
sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulphates, especially those ethers of they highE~r alcohols derived from tallow or coconut oil a.nd synthetic alcohols derived from *denotes trade mark x petroleum; sodium coconut oil fatty monoglyceride sulphates and sulphonates; sodium and potassium salts of sulphuric acid esters of higher (C8-C18) fatty alcohol-alkylene ox:i.de, particularly ethylene oxide, reaction products; i~he reaction products of fatty acids such as coconut fati=y acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralised with sodium hydroxide; sodium and potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyl taurine;
alkane monosul.phonai=es such as those derived by reacting alpha-olefins (C8-C,~O) with sodium bisulphite and those derived from reacting paraffins with S02 and C12 and then hydrolysing wii=h a base to produce a random sulphonate; arid ole:Ein sulphonates, which term is used to describe the material made by reacting olefins, particularly C10-C20 alpha-olefins, with S03 and then neutralising and hydrolysing the rea<:tion product. The preferred anionic detergent comb>ounds are sodium (C11-C15) alkyl benzene sulphonates and sodium (C16-C18) alkyl sulphates.
Suitable nonionic detergent compounds which may be used include in pari~icular the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for esxample aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alk~~l phenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide: eithESr alone or with propylene oxide.
Specific nonionic detergent compounds are alkyl (C6-C22) phenols-ethylene ox:i.de condensates, generally 5 to 25 EO, ie 5 to 25 units of ethylene oxide per molecule, the condensation products of aliphatic (C8-C18) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, generally 5 tc> 40 EO, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxidE~ with the reaction products of propylene oxide and eth~~lened:iamine. Other so-called nonionic detergent compounds include long chain tertiary amine _8_ oxides, long chain i:ertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulphoxides.
Mixture; of anionic and nonionic compounds may be used in the deaergent compositions, particularly to provide controlled 7Low sudsing properties. This is beneficial for compositions intended for use in suds-intolerant automatic washing machines.
Amounts of amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent compounds can also be used in the compositions of the invention but this is not normally desired due to their relatively high cosi:. If any amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent comF~ounds are used it is generally in small amounts.
The effective amount of the detergent active compound or compounds used in the composition of the present invention is generally in the range of from 2 to 50$, preferably fronn 5 to 40$ by weight, most preferably not more than 30$ by weight of the composition.
A second essential component of the compositions of the present invention is a fabric softening agent which may be selected from quaternary ammonium compounds, imidazolinium derivatives (both of which are cationic fabric softening agcsnts), fatty amines, soaps, fabric softening clays (particularly organo-modified clays) and mixtures therE~of .
The fabric so:Etening material is preferably a cold water-insoluble matesrial, that is a material having a solubility at 20°C o f less than 10 g/1 in water at a pH
13409 2~
value of about: 6 or a material which will form an insoluble calcium salt in hard water.
Highly ~>referred water-insoluble quaternary ammonium compounds are those having two C12-C24 alkyl or alkenyl chains, optionally :substituted by functional groups such a s --OH , --O--~ , --CONH , --COO-- a tc .
Well known species of substantially water-insoluble quaternary ammonium compounds have the formula R1 R3 +
N X
wherein R1 and R2 rcspresent hydrocarbyl groups from about 12 to about 2~E carbon atoms; R3 and R4 represent hydrocarbyl groups containing from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and X is an anion, preferably selected from halide, methyl sulfatE: and ethyl sulfate radicals. Representative examples of these quaternary softeners include ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride; ditallow dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfatE~; dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride;
di(hydrogenatE~d tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride;
dioctadecyl dp_methy:l ammonium chloride; dieicosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; didocosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride;
di(hydrogenatE:d tallow) dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate;
dihexadecyl d~:ethyl ammonium chloride; di(coconut alkyl) dimethyl ammonium clhloride. Ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(c:oconut alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride and di (coconut al~;yl) dimethyl ammonium methosulfate are preferred.
- to -Another class of preferred water-insoluble cationic materials are the alkylimidazolinium salts believed to have the formula:
CH2 Cla2 N 1V C2H4 N C R~ A
wherein R6 is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group containing from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms, R~ is an alkyl or alkenyl group containing from 8 to 25 carbon atoms, R8 is an alkyl or alkenyl group containing from 8 to 25 carbon atoms, and R9 is hydrogen or an alkyl containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and A is an anion, preferably a halide, methosulfate or ethosulfate.
Preferred imidazolinium salts include 1-methyl-1-(tallowylamido-) eahyl -2-tallowyl- 4,5-dihydro imidazolinium methosulfate and 1-methyl-1- (palmitoyl-amido)ethyl -2-oct.adecyl-4,5- dihydro- imidazolinium chloride. Other useful imidazolinium materials are 2-heptadecyl-1-methyl-1- (2-stearylamido)- ethyl-imidazolinium chloride and 2-lauryl-1-hydroxyethyl-1-oleyl-imidazolinium chloride. Also suitable herein are the imidazolinium fabric softening components of US Patent No. 4 127 489. As used. herein-_______________________________________________________ the term "fabric =softening agent" excludes, cationic detergent active materials which have a solubility above 10 g/1 in water at: 2o°C at a pH of about 6.
Preferred fabric softening agents include water-insoluble tertiary amines having the general formula:
wherein R1 is a C10-C26 alkyl or alkenyl group, R2 is the same as R1 or if R1 is a C20-C26 alkyl or alkenyl group, may be a C1-C~ alkyl. group and R3 has the formula -CH2-Y, wherein Y is H, C1-C'.6 alkyl O , -CH20H, -CH=CH2, -CH2CH20H, -CH2-C ~'~ -CH2C ~ RS or i,R4 ~N
'R
~ R6 -CH2CH2N ~
\R6 wherein R4 is a CI-C4 alkyl group, each R5 is independently H or C:I-C20, and each R6 is independently H
or C1-C20 alkyl.
Preferably RI and R2 each independently represent a C12-C22 alkyl group,, preferably straight-chained and R3 is methyl or ethyl. ;3uitable amines include: didecyl methylamine; d.ilauryl methylamine; dimyristyl methylamine;
dicetyl methyl.amine;; distearyl methylamine; diarachidyl methylamine; d:ibehenyl methylamine; arachidyl behenyl methylamine or di (mixed arachidyl/behenyl) methylamine;
di (tallowyl) methy:Lamine; arachidyl/behenyl dimethylamine and the corresponding ethylamines, propylamines and butylamines. Especially preferred is ditallowyl methylamine. This is commercially available as *Arzneen M2HT from AKZO NV, ass *Genamin SH301 from FARBWERKE
HOECHST, and a.s *Noram M2SH from the CECA COMPANY.
OH
When Y is , -CH=CH2, -CH20H, -CH-CH3 or -CH2-CN, suitable amines include: didecyl benzylamine; dilauryl benzylamine; dimyri;styl benzylamine; dicetyl benzylamine;
distearyl ben::ylami:ne; dioleyl benzylamine; dilinoleyl benzylamine; ~iiaraclzidyl benzylamine; dibehenyl benzyl-amine; di (arachidy:L/behenyl) benzylamine, ditallowyl benzylamine and the corresponding allylamines, hydroxy ethylamines, hydroxy propylamines and 2-cyanoethylamines.
Especially preferred are ditallowyl benzylamine and ditallowyl al7.ylamine.
Mixture:> of any of these amines may be used.
When the: fabric softening agent is a soap, this includes not only the usual alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts o:E fatty acids, but also the organic salts which can be :Formed by complexing fatty acids with organic nitrogen-containing materials such as amines and derivatives thereof.. Usually, the soap comprises salts of higher fatty acids containing from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, prefer~~bly from 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the molecule, or mixturE~s thereof.
Preferred examples of soaps include sodium stearate, sodium palmita~te, sodium salts of tallow, coconut oil and palm oil fatt~~ acids and complexes between stearic and/or palmitic fatt~~ acid and/or tallow and/or coconut oil *denotes trade m~~rk and/or palm oil fatty acids with water-soluble alkanolamines such a.s ethanolamine, di- or tri-ethanolamine, N-methylethanol- amine, N-ethylethanolamine, 2-methylethanolamine: and 2,2-dimethyl ethanolamine and N-containing ring compounds such as morpholine, 2'-pyrrolidone and their methyl derivatives.
Mixtures of soaps can also be employed.
Particularly preferred are the sodium and potassium salts of the mixed fatty acids derived from coconut oil and tallow, that is sodium and potassium tallow and coconut soap.
The level of fabric softening agent in the composition is preferably more than 0.5$ by weight, such as more than 2$ by Freight in order to provide a noticeable fabric softening benefit. Preferably not more than 50$
by weight, such as riot more than 20~ by weight of fabric softener is used to leave room in the formulation for other ingredients. When the fabric softening agent is a soap, a level of Less than 10$ by weight of the composition is sufficient to provide a fabric softening benef it .
We have found particularly beneficial effects when the fabric softening agent is a mixture of soap and either a cationic fabric softening agent or a fatty amine.
The compositions of the invention will generally include a detergency builder to improve the efficiency of the detergent active, in particular to remove calcium hardness ions from t:he water and to provide alkalinity.
The builder material. may be selected from precipitating builder materials (such as alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, orthophosphates and silicates), sequestering builder materials (such as alkali metal pyrophosphate:>, polyphosphates, amino polyacetates, phytates, pol5~phosplZOnates, aminopolymethylene phosphonates and po:Lycarboxylates), ion-exchange builder materials (suc:h as ;aeolites and amorphous alumino-silicates) , oz- mixtures of any one or more of these materials. F>referred examples of builder materials include sodium tripolyphosphate, mixtures thereof with sodium orthophosphate, sodium carbonate, mixtures thereof with calcite as a sued crystal, sodium citrate, zeolite and the sodium salt of nitrilo- triacetic acid.
The levE:l of builder material in the compositions of the invention may be up to 80$ by weight, preferably from 20$ to 70$ by weight and most preferably from 30$ to 60$
by weight.
Apart from the components already mentioned, a detergent composition of the invention can contain any of the conventional additives in the amounts in which such additives are normally employed in fabric washing detergent compositions. Examples of these additives include the 1<ither lboosters such as alkanolamides, particularly l.he mo:noethanolamides derived from palm kernel fatty acids and coconut fatty acids, lather depressants, oxygen-releasing bleaching agents such as sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate, peracid bleach precursors, chlorine-releasing bleaching agents such as tricloroisocyanuric acid, inorganic salts such as sodium sulphate, and,, usually present in very minor amounts, fluorescent agents, perfumes, enzymes such as cellulases, proteases and amylases, germicides and colourants.
13449 2~
The compositions may be in any convenient form such as bars, powders, pastes or liquids.
PREPARATION OF' THE COMPOSITION
The detergent compositions may be prepared in any way appropriate to t=heir physical form such as by dry-mixing the: components, co-agglomerating them or dispersing them in a liquid carrier. However, a preferred physical i_orm is a granule incorporating a detergency builder material and this is most conveniently manufactured by spray-drying at least part of the composition. The cellulose ether derivative may be incorporated either by dry mixing (optionally with other ingredients in a port-dosed adjunct) or by being included with other ingredients in a slurry and spray-drying. The fabric softening agent may be incorporated as such or, in the case of a cationic fabric softening agent, it may be incorporated i.n the form of particles which also contain a dispersion inh~ibitoi- such as tallow alcohol as described in United States Patient Specification US 3 936 537 (referred to above)"
The invention will now be illustrated in the following non-~limit~Lng examples .
Commercially available detergent compositions having the following approximate formulations were employed in these examples.:
Ingredients (parts by weight) Base A Base B
Anionic detergent active 6.0 6.5 Nonionic detergent active 4.0 2.5 Coconut alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride - 1,7 Ditallow methyl amine - 3,7 Clay - 4.2 Sodium tripolyphosphate 32.0 30.0 Sodium silicate 6.0 7.5 Sodium carbo:xymethyl cellulose 0.75 0.9 Sodium sulphate 13.9 12.0 Sodium perborate tetrahydrate - 25.0 Moisture and minor ingredients 13.35 6.0 In a first series of examples, a wash liquor was prepared containing 4 g/1 of a product made up of 76 parts Base A, 5 parts hardened tallow soap particles, 5.0 parts of cationic ;particles consisting of 3.75 parts AROSURF
TA100 and 1.25 parts tallow alcohol, and optionally 3 parts of a cellulose ether derivative (added as a 10 g/1 solution), t;he balance to 100 parts being made up with sodium sulphate. This liquor was used to wash a fabric load containing artificially soiled test cloths together with terry t~~welling and polyester monitors in a laboratory s~~ale apparatus using 24° FH water, a liquor to cloth ratio ~~f about 20:1, a wash time of 15 minutes at 50°C, a 2 minute flood at 50$ dilution followed by three 5 minute rinses. The fabric load was then line-dried.
After drying, the terry towelling monitors were assessed for softness subjectively by expert judges who assess softness by comparison of pairs of monitors leading to preferance scores which are then adjusted to give a score of zero for the control. A positive score indicates *denotes trade mark x X3409 ~~
better softness than the control. The results are set out in the following table, which for reference also quotes the gel point: and the HLB of the materials used.
The polyester monitors were then assessed for redeposition c~f soil. from the test cloths by measuring the reflectance at. 460 rim using a Zeiss Elrepho spectrophotomeaer with a UV filter. The results are also given in the following Table, expressed in terms relative to the reflectance of the untreated polyester monitors, CD R) Example Cellulose ether Softening Gel HLB -OR
No Score Point 1 BERMOC'.OLL CST +1.38 35C 3.4 10 2 TYLOSE; MHB 7L000 +0.83 54C 3.5 7 3 BERMOC',OLL E 481 +0.38 56C 3.8 9 Control NONE 0 - - 13 C TYLOSE; MH 300 -0.25 58C 4.1 10 D BERMOC',OLL E:L50F -0.42 65C 4.1 9 E NATRO~~OL 250L -0.81 62C 6.9 17 These results demonstrate that, compared with the control, all those cellulose ether derivatives which have a gel point bE~low 58°C and an HLB between 3.1 and 4.3 exhibit a soft:.ening benefit. In all examples, some deposition on the polyester monitors occurred, as indicated by t:he negative f~, R values . The results demonstrate however that with Examples 1, 2 and 3 less redeposition occurs than with the control.
The samE~ procedure was followed except that the wash liquor tested contained 100 parts of Base B and 3 parts of the cellulose ether derivative. The results were as set out in the following table which also gives the structure of the materials used.
EXAMPLE NO CELLULOSE ETHER SOFTENING STRUCTURE
SCORE
4 BERMOCOhL CST 035 +1.24 1.4 ethyl 0.5 hydroxyethyl 5 TYLOSE MIHB 1000 +1.20 2.0 methyl 0.1 hydroxyethyl Control NONE 0 -., , F METHOCE;L HB12M +0.96 2.0 methyl 0.08 hydroxybutyl These results demonstrate the superiority of the cellulose ether derivatives used in Examples 4 and 5 compared with the material used in Example F which contains a hydroxyal.kyl group in which the alkyl portion contains 4 carbon atoms.
The same conclusion can be drawn from the following results which are obtained from wash liquors containing 4 g/1 of a product made up of 100 parts Base B, 5 parts hardened tallow soap and 3 parts cellulose ether derivative:
EXAMPLE NO CELLCfLOSE ETHER SOFTENING SCORE
6 BERMOCOLL CST 035 +1.33 7 TYLO~~E MHB 1000 +0.86 Control NONE 0 G METHOCEL HB 12 M +0.65 Examples 1 and 3 were repeated except that the particles cont.aininq the cationic fabric softener were excluded and softne:>s was assessed after three washes.
Results were a.s foll.ows EXAMPLE NO CELLULOSE ETHER SOFTENING
SCORE
8 HERMOCOLL E 481 +1.09 9 HERMOCOLL CST 035 +0.64 H M:ETHOCEL J 12MS * +0 . 0 9 I N'ATROSOL 250L +0.09 Control --- 0 J M~ETHOCE:L HB12M -0.12 K TYLOSE MH300 -0.74 * A cellulose derivative having 1.1 methyl and 0.9 hydroxy propy7_ substituents per anhydrose ring, a gel point of Ei2°C and an HLH of 3.9.
These results demonstrate the benefit of the selected cellulose Eaher derivatives when the fabric softening agent used is soap.
Example; 1 to 3 were repeated except that in place of the particles containing the cationic fabric softener and the soap, 4 pari=s of di-hardened tallow methyl amine were added in the form of a 1:4 amine/perborate monohydrate adjunct of the type described in European patent specification No 137533-A (UNILEVER NV/PLC).
Softness was assessed after 3 washes. The results were as follows:
EXAMPLE NO CELLULOSE ETHER SOFTENING
SCORE
L,ERMOCOLL E 481 +1.53 11 TYLOSE MHB 1000 +1.15 10 12 E~ERMOCOLL CST 035 +0.56 L TYLOSE MH300 +0.24 Control -~-- 0 M NATROSOL 250L -0.26 N BERMOCOLL E150F -0.62 These results demonstrate the benefit of the selected cellulose father derivatives when the fabric softening agent is an amine.
Example 1 was repeated except that the soap was omitted and sc>ftness was assessed after three washes.
The results were EXAMPLE NO CELLULOSE ETHER SOFTENING
SCORE
13 F3ERMOCOLL CST 035 +0.31 Control ---- 0 O 'TYLOSE MH300 -0.18 P rTATROSIJL 250L -0.88 These examples compare the softening and detergency performance of a wager-soluble cationic surfactant with a water-insoluble cationic fabric softening agent. The materials used for this example were:
base composition . base A Example of 1 cellulose ether derivative . BERMOCOLLCST 035 (3.0 parts) cationic surfactant . myristyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (3.8 parts) cationic' softener . distearyldimethyl ammonium chloride (AROSURF TA 100) (3.8 parts) soap . hardened tallow soap (5.0 parts) The expe~rimeni= was carried out in a manner similar to Example 1, excepi: that the compositions were compared with each other and not with a control, and the results were as follows -Example No. SystE~m Softness scores (3 washes) 14 cationic surfactant -0.33 15 cationic softener +0.13 16 cationic surfactant/
soap -0.17 17 cationic softener/
soap +0.36 13 ~+ 0 9 2 3 These results demonstrate the benefits, from a fabric softening point of view of using a cationic softening agent, whereas the use of a cationic surfactant fails to give ~s softening benefit and that the same conclusion can be drawn even in the presence of soap.
These results demonstrate the benefit of the selected cellulose Eaher derivatives when the fabric softening agent used is soap.
Example; 1 to 3 were repeated except that in place of the particles containing the cationic fabric softener and the soap, 4 pari=s of di-hardened tallow methyl amine were added in the form of a 1:4 amine/perborate monohydrate adjunct of the type described in European patent specification No 137533-A (UNILEVER NV/PLC).
Softness was assessed after 3 washes. The results were as follows:
EXAMPLE NO CELLULOSE ETHER SOFTENING
SCORE
L,ERMOCOLL E 481 +1.53 11 TYLOSE MHB 1000 +1.15 10 12 E~ERMOCOLL CST 035 +0.56 L TYLOSE MH300 +0.24 Control -~-- 0 M NATROSOL 250L -0.26 N BERMOCOLL E150F -0.62 These results demonstrate the benefit of the selected cellulose father derivatives when the fabric softening agent is an amine.
Example 1 was repeated except that the soap was omitted and sc>ftness was assessed after three washes.
The results were EXAMPLE NO CELLULOSE ETHER SOFTENING
SCORE
13 F3ERMOCOLL CST 035 +0.31 Control ---- 0 O 'TYLOSE MH300 -0.18 P rTATROSIJL 250L -0.88 These examples compare the softening and detergency performance of a wager-soluble cationic surfactant with a water-insoluble cationic fabric softening agent. The materials used for this example were:
base composition . base A Example of 1 cellulose ether derivative . BERMOCOLLCST 035 (3.0 parts) cationic surfactant . myristyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (3.8 parts) cationic' softener . distearyldimethyl ammonium chloride (AROSURF TA 100) (3.8 parts) soap . hardened tallow soap (5.0 parts) The expe~rimeni= was carried out in a manner similar to Example 1, excepi: that the compositions were compared with each other and not with a control, and the results were as follows -Example No. SystE~m Softness scores (3 washes) 14 cationic surfactant -0.33 15 cationic softener +0.13 16 cationic surfactant/
soap -0.17 17 cationic softener/
soap +0.36 13 ~+ 0 9 2 3 These results demonstrate the benefits, from a fabric softening point of view of using a cationic softening agent, whereas the use of a cationic surfactant fails to give ~s softening benefit and that the same conclusion can be drawn even in the presence of soap.
Claims (5)
1. A fabric treatment composition comprising (i) from 2% to 50% by weight of a non-soap anionic detergent active material or a mixture thereof with other non-soap detergent active materials;
(ii) from 0.5% to 50% by weight of a fabric softening agent; and (iii) from 0.5 to 3% by weight of a nonionic substituted cellulose ether derivative having a hydrophilic-lyophilic balance (HLB) of between 3.1 and 3.8, and a gel point (as herein defined) of less than 58°C
provided that the derivative contains substantially no hydroxyalkyl groups containing 4 or more carbon atoms.
(ii) from 0.5% to 50% by weight of a fabric softening agent; and (iii) from 0.5 to 3% by weight of a nonionic substituted cellulose ether derivative having a hydrophilic-lyophilic balance (HLB) of between 3.1 and 3.8, and a gel point (as herein defined) of less than 58°C
provided that the derivative contains substantially no hydroxyalkyl groups containing 4 or more carbon atoms.
2. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the fabric softening agent is selected from soaps, cationic fabric softening agents, fatty amines, fabric softening clays and their derivatives and mixtures thereof.
3. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose ether derivative has a hydrophilic-lyophilic balance (HLB) of between 3.3 and 3.8.
4. A composition according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the cellulose ether derivative has a gel point (as herein defined) of between 33°C and 56°C.
5. A fabric treatment composition comprising (i) from 2% to 50% by weight of a non-soap anionic detergent active material or a mixture thereof with other non-soap detergent active materials;
(ii) from 0.5% to 50% by weight of a fabric softening agent; and (iii) from 0.5 to 3% by weight of a nonionic substituted cellulose ether derivative having a hydrophilic-lyophilic balance (HLB) of between 3.1 and 3.8, and a gel point (as herein defined) of less than 58°C
provided that the derivative contains substantially no hydroxyalkyl groups containing 4 or more carbon atoms, wherein the cellulose ether derivative is selected from the group consisting of ethyl hydroxy ethyl cellulose ethers and methyl hydroxy ethyl cellulose ethers.
(ii) from 0.5% to 50% by weight of a fabric softening agent; and (iii) from 0.5 to 3% by weight of a nonionic substituted cellulose ether derivative having a hydrophilic-lyophilic balance (HLB) of between 3.1 and 3.8, and a gel point (as herein defined) of less than 58°C
provided that the derivative contains substantially no hydroxyalkyl groups containing 4 or more carbon atoms, wherein the cellulose ether derivative is selected from the group consisting of ethyl hydroxy ethyl cellulose ethers and methyl hydroxy ethyl cellulose ethers.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB858519047A GB8519047D0 (en) | 1985-07-29 | 1985-07-29 | Detergent composition |
| GB8519047 | 1985-07-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1340923C true CA1340923C (en) | 2000-03-14 |
Family
ID=10583000
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000514217A Expired - Fee Related CA1340923C (en) | 1985-07-29 | 1986-07-21 | Detergent composition with fabric softening properties |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5160641A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0213730B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0641596B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU569662B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8603566A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1340923C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3661139D1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB8519047D0 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA865614B (en) |
Families Citing this family (57)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8519047D0 (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1985-09-04 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
| GB8519046D0 (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1985-09-04 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions |
| GB8618635D0 (en) * | 1986-07-30 | 1986-09-10 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
| US4954292A (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1990-09-04 | Lever Brothers Co. | Detergent composition containing PVP and process of using same |
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-
1985
- 1985-07-29 GB GB858519047A patent/GB8519047D0/en active Pending
-
1986
- 1986-07-21 CA CA000514217A patent/CA1340923C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-07-25 AU AU60577/86A patent/AU569662B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-07-25 EP EP86305746A patent/EP0213730B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-07-25 DE DE8686305746T patent/DE3661139D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-07-28 BR BR8603566A patent/BR8603566A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-07-28 JP JP61177478A patent/JPH0641596B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-07-28 ZA ZA865614A patent/ZA865614B/en unknown
-
1991
- 1991-01-02 US US07/635,809 patent/US5160641A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-06-08 US US08/255,496 patent/US5540850A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0641596B2 (en) | 1994-06-01 |
| EP0213730B1 (en) | 1988-11-09 |
| AU6057786A (en) | 1987-02-05 |
| JPS6335699A (en) | 1988-02-16 |
| EP0213730A1 (en) | 1987-03-11 |
| AU569662B2 (en) | 1988-02-11 |
| DE3661139D1 (en) | 1988-12-15 |
| US5540850A (en) | 1996-07-30 |
| BR8603566A (en) | 1987-03-04 |
| GB8519047D0 (en) | 1985-09-04 |
| ZA865614B (en) | 1988-03-30 |
| US5160641A (en) | 1992-11-03 |
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