CA2008927A1

CA2008927A1 - Integrated tuned induction system

Info

Publication number: CA2008927A1
Application number: CA002008927A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Ronald George Shillington
Original assignee: Siemens Bendix Automotive Electronics Ltd
Current assignee: Siemens Bendix Automotive Electronics Ltd
Priority date: 1989-02-22
Filing date: 1990-01-30
Publication date: 1990-08-22
Also published as: JP2792989B2; US5005532A; EP0384359A3; EP0384359A2; EP0384359B1; DE69003407D1; DE69003407T2; KR0133279B1; JPH03202670A; KR910015777A

Abstract

89P7804A/17GLB028? 89P7804 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

A plenum is surrounded by runners that spiral around the plenum sidewall to the entrances to the engine cylinders. The circumferential extent of each runner exceeds 360 degrees about a longitudinal axis of the plenum. Portions of the runners share common wall portions with portions of the plenum.

Description

2~ 27 INTEGRATED TUNED INDUCTION SYSTEM

sAcKGRouND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates generally to the air induction systems of internal combustion engines and more specifically it relates to an integra-ted tuned air induction system.

It is a known fact that performance of an internal combustion engine can be improved by tuning the air induction system. Such tuning involves the use of runners, or tubes, of particular lengths. In an automobile however, the packaging of tuned -tubes, or runners, is a challenge to engineers and designers.

The state of -the art is represented by the following U.S. Patents: 4,254,746; 4,497,287; 4,516,538; 4,523,560;
4,643,138;4,664,075; 4,669,428; 4,719,879; 4,760,703;
4,776,313; and 4,829,944.

The present invention relates to a tuned air induction system in which various component parts are packaged into an in-tegrated system. The present invention ss:~ ~

8sp78o4A/l7GLBo28~ 8sP78o4 2~ 927 is well suited to enable a tuned air induction system to be implemented in an automobile with the objective of simplifying manufacturing and assembly procedures.

The foregoing features, advantages and benefits of the invention, along with additional ones, will be seen in the ensuing description and claims which should be considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The drawings disclose a presently preferred embodiment of 10 the invention according to the best mode contemplated at the present time in carrying out the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. l is a perspective view, having portions exploded and broken away, illustrating an integrated tuned air induction system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view on an 20 enlarged scale illustrating the components in assembly and taken generally in the direction of arrows 2-2 in FIG. l.

FIG. 3 i~ a ~ragmentary cross-sectional view on an enlarged scale taken in the direction of arrows 3-3 in 25 FIG. l.
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a further embodiment of a portion of an engine air induction system.

FIG. 5 is a right end view o~ Fig. 4.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary view looking in the direction of arrows 6-6 in Fig. 5.

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89P7804A/17GLB028~ 89P7804 2~ .7 FIG. 7 is a fragmentary view, on an enlaryed scale, looking in the direction of arrow 7 in Fi~. 5.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken in the 5 direction of arrows 8-8 in Fig. 7.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of arrows 9-9 in Fig. 4.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of arrows 10-10 in Fig. 4.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of arrows 11-11 in Fig. 4.
FIG. 12 i5 a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of arrows 12-12 in Fig. 4.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken in the 20 direction of arrows 13-13 in Fig. 5.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of arrows 14-14 in Fig. 5.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EM~ODIMENT

The drawings show by way of example a four cylinder internal combustion engine 10 with which i5 associated an 30 integrated tuned air induction system 12. The engine has a cylinder head 14 containing an intake port 16 via which a combustible air-fuel mixture enters each engine cyli.nder. Air passes through system 12 and throuyh air passages in a Puel rail block 18 that i5 fastened to .~, . .
' . ...

ggp7go4A/l7GLs~2~r 89P7804 2~ 7 cylinder head 14. The fuel rail block contains four electromagnetic fuel injectors 20, each of which is poised to spray fuel in suitably timed relation to the engine operation into each intake port 16 for mixture with air 5 that has passed through system 12.

System 12 comprises an air intake 22 through which air enters an air filter compartment in the direction indicated by the arrow 24. The air filter compartment 10 comprises a cover 26 that fits over an annular air filter element 28 to capture the air filter element between an annular end wall 30 of cover 26 and an imperforate end wall 32 of a main body part 34. The airflow passes radially outwardly through the air filter element 28 and 15 enters the entrance end 36 of a tube 38 that forms a passage running parallel to engine 12 and passing the four cylinders that are served by the integrated tuned air induction system 12. Wall 32 is shown broken away in FIG.
1, and it is to be understood that this wall covers the 20 end of body 34 except for the entrance end 36 of tube 38.
Alternately, the air filter element could be a panel type element fitting diagonally within the compartment with the upper edge sealing against wall 32, the lower edge sealing against wall 30, and the side edges sealing against the 25 sides of the cover.

The exit end o~ tube 38 canno~ be directly seen in FIG. 1, but it is at the far end of main body 34. Tube 38 has a substantially constant cross-sectional area 30 throughout its length and forms part of the tuning system.
An extensi~n piece 40 has an entrance end 42 that is fitted to the exit end of tube 38. Extension piece ~0 provides a means to create approximately a 180 turn in the airflow after the flow has passed through tube 38.

' ,' ,'. ' 89P780~A/17GLBo28~ 89P7804 3B~7 The outlet or exit end 44 of extension piece 40 has a circular shape and faces in a direction that is parallel to the direction in which the entrance end 42 faces.
Extension piece 40 serves to maintain the cross-sectional 5 area of tube 38 substantially constant so that the extension piece 40 also forms a part of the tuning system even though the shape of the cross-section changes.

A circular cylindrical air body 46 has an entrance lo end 48 that fits to the exit end 44 of extension piece 40, and it also has an outlet or exit end 50 that fits to the entrance end of a plenum zone 52. That entrance end of plenum zone 52 is at the far end of main body 34. The plenum zone 52 lies parallel to tube 38 and passes the 15 four engine cylinders that are served by induction air system 12. Wall 32 closes the near end of the plenum zone. The air body 46 contains a butterfly 54 that is positioned by means of a lever 56 to control the airflow through air induction system 12. The exit end 44 of piece 20 40 has a circular shape that provides a slip fit with the entrance end of air body 46, and the entrance of plenum zone 52 also has a shape that provides a slip fit with the exit end of air body ~6. The slip fit joint between air body 46 and extension piece 40 i5 shown in Fig. 3 and z5 comprises a circular seal 55 that seals a radially facing surface of the air body with an opposite acing surace of the extension piece.

Main body 34 comprises our pairs o~ spiral runners 30 that serve to aommunicate plenum zone 52 with corresponding cylinders of engine 10. Each pair o runners comprises a longer and narrower runner 58 and a shorter and wider runner 60. The shorter and wider runner is arranged in a nested ashion within the lonyer and ~, :, : .

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narrower one so that they share a common wall. Each runner 5~, 60 has a corresponding entrance 62, 64 that is in communication with plenum zone 52. The exit end 66, 68 of each runner 58, 60 in main body 34 is disposed ~t a 5 corresponding entrance, 70, 72 respectively, in fuel rail block 18, and the fuel rail block has passages, 74 and 76 respectively, that constitute the terminations of the runners.

The runners 58 and 60 are also part of the tuning system. A wave deflector 78 is disposed in fuel rail block 18 at the termination of each runner 60. The wave deflectors are operated by an actuator (not shown) for opening and closing runners 60. In this way selective 15 tuning of the air induction system may be accomplished.

A further feature of the main body 34 is that it includes a wall 80 that aids in the mounting and support of the main body from the engine. This wall 80 in general 20 extends downwardly from the outer face of fuel rail block 18, forms the outer wall of tube 38 and extends outwardly around the bottom of the main body to provide a cradle-like support for the runners. Wall 80 has apertures for the exit ends of the runners S8, 60.

The main body 34, which compri~e~ tube 36, plenum zone 52, runners 58, 60, and wall 80, may be fabricated as a one-piece plastic part by a suitable manufacturing technique, and by way of example, lost core molding may be 30 one such suitable technique.

It will also ba observed that the runners comprise outer walls 82 and side walls 84. Between the side walls :' ' ~ '' ' '`,' ~ ' . ~

89P7804A/17GLB028' 89P7804 2~ 7 84 of adjacent pairs of runners the plenum zone 52 comprises an outer wall 86.

Figs. 4-14 present a portion of another embodiment 5 that i5 designated by the general reference 100, Specifically, these Figs. disclosè a single part 102 in which a plenum entrance section 104, a plenum 106, four spiral runners 108, 110, 112, 114, and a fuel rail 116 are integrated. Like the corresponding part of the first 10 embodiment of Fig. 1, part 102 is fabricated from suitable plastic material by a suitable technique such as lost core molding. Not shown in Figs. 4-14 are those. portion of the system that ara upstream of entrance section 104, namely the air body and air filter compartment, nor is the engine l5 to which fuel rail 116 attaches shown. Also not shown are the fuel injectors and the fuel pressure regulator which are assembled to the fuel rail in the functioning system.

Entrance section 10-~ has a generally circular 20 cross-sectional shape and begins at a flange 118 that provides for attachment to the non-illustrated upstream components. From flange 118 the entrance section continues along a curved path and opens into one lengthwise end of plenum 106.

Plenum 106 may be considered to have a generally cylindrical walled shape extending from entrance section 104 to the other lengthwise plenum end which i~ fully closed. As viewed in transverse cross section through the 30 plenum, the plenum sidewall is generally uniform in shape and size throuyhout its fUll length, except for the approximately one-quarter of its length that lies immediately contiguous entrance section 104. That particular portion contains a slight indentation 120 (Fig.

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8sp78o4A/l7GLBo28o 89P7804 z~ 32~7 4) that has been designed into this particular embodiment for the purpose of providing clearance to closely adjacent engine compartment structure (not shown) which would otherwise interfere with part loo in the absence of 5 indentation 120.

The four runners extend spirally about the plenum to establish communication between the plenum and the entrance to a corresponding engine c~linder when the part 10 102 is functionally installed on an engine. For convenience of description, let it be assumed that the reference numeral 122 (Fig. 10) denotes a particular longitudinal plenum axis that is located generally centrally of the plenum. As viewed transversely of axis 15 122, each runner has a beginning 1~4 that is in communication with the plenum at about the 11 o'clock position as viewed in the direction of Fig. 10. Each runner is arranged generally transversely of the plenum, with the length of each runner extending in a spiral 20 manner around the plenum. According to an aspect of the inventive principles, each runner 108, 110, 112, 114 spirals in excess of 3~0 degrees about axis 122 to terminate in an ending 126 that is placed in communication with the entrance of a corresponding engine cylinder when 25 part 102 is assembled to an engine.
ln the particular con~iguration that is illustrated by Fig9. 4-14, the spacing distance between the runner endings 126, which is establlshed by the particular engine design, exceeds the spacing distance between the runner 30 beginnlngs 124, which in this instance ma~ be consldered nil since the runner beglnnings are immediately contiguous with immediately adjacent runners sharing common wall portions. There~ore, while each runner has essentially zero lead as it spirals from its 11 o'clock beginning to ~ , . .

89P7804~/17GLso28~ 89P780~

2~ 7 approximately 9 or lo o'clock, each runner has a different lead from the 9 or 10 o'clock position to its ending 126. This lead progressively increases in succession from runner to runner, being quite small for 5 runner 108, but largest for runner 114. Hance, a segment of runnex 108 immediately contiguous its ending 126 almost fully overlaps a segment that is immediately contiguous its beginning 124; a segment of each remaining runner immadiately contiguous its ending partially overlaps a 10 segment that is immediately contiguous its beginning; and the percentage of overlap of each runner becomes progressively less in succession from runner 108 to runner 114.
As can be seen in Fig. 10, a portion of runner 108 15 and a portion of plenum 106 share a common wall; the same holds true for each of the other runners. The construction does however have a void 128 where there is no wall sharing.
Fuel rail 116 integrally merges with the end segments 20 f the runners and comprises four injector sockets 130, each associated with a corresponding runner. Each socket is adapted to receive a corresponding electromagnetic fuel injector (not shown). The fuel rail further comprises a fuel pressure regulator socket 132 adapted to receive a 25 fuel pressure regulator (not shown). Running along the length of the fuèl rail from separate ports at the left-hand end as viewed in Fig. 4 are a fuel supply passage 134 and a fuel return passage 136. The fuel supply passa~s is in communication with sockets 130 and 30 serves to convey liquid fuel to the injectQrs when the injectors are functionally installed in the sockets. The supply passage is communicated with the inlet to a fuel pressure regulator when the regulator is functionally associated with its socket 132. Excess fuel is returned - ~ . , .

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from the pressure regulator to the fuel tank tnot shown) via return passage 136.
It should be understood and appreciated that the specific embodiments that have been illustrated and 5 described are representative of the inventive principles and that other equivalent embodiments will fall within the scope of the accompanying claims.

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Claims

1. In an induction air circuit for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine the combination comprising a plenum zone that is supplied with air from an air intake, and spiral runners leading from said plenum zone and through which air is supplied from said plenum zone to individual engine cylinders, said runners laterally bounding said plenum zone at locations along the length of said plenum zone, and at least one of said runners, when viewed in transverse cross section through said plenum zone, having a beginning at a given circumferential location about a longitudinal axis of said plenum zone and spiraling from said beginning in excess of 360 degrees about said longitudinal axis of said plenum zone to terminate at an ending that is in excess of 360 degrees about said longitudinal axis of said plenum zone as measured along the length of said at least one runner.

2. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein a segment of said at least one runner that is immediately contiguous said ending thereof at least partially circumferentially overlaps a segment thereof that is immediately contiguous said beginning thereof.

3. The combination set forth in claim 2 wherein said at least partially circumferentially overlapping segments share a common wall portion.

4. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein said said beginning is disposed approximately at the 11 o'clock position as viewed axially of said plenum zone.

89P7804A/17GLB028? 89P7804

5. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein said plenum zone and runners are a single plastic part.

6. The combination set forth in claim 5 further including a fuel rail that is embodied in said single plastic part and which merges with the endings of said runners.

7. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein each of said runners, when viewed in transverse cross section through said plenum zone, has a beginning at a given circumferential location about said longitudinal axis of said plenum zone and spirals from its beginning in excess of 360 degrees about said longitudinal axis of said plenum zone to terminate at a corresponding ending that is in excess of 360 degrees about said longitudinal axis of said plenum zone as measured along the length of each said runner.

8. The combination set forth in claim 7 wherein a segment of each runner that is immediately contiguous that runner's ending at least partially circumferentially overlaps a segment of that runner that is immediately contiguous the beginning of that runner.

9. The combination set forth in claim 8 wherein said at least partially circumferentially overlapping segments of each runner share a corresponding common wall portion.

10. The combination set forth in claim 7 wherein each beginning is disposed approximately at the same circumferential position about said longitudinal axis of said plenum zone as viewed axially of said plenum zone.

89P7804A/17GLB028? 89P7804

11. The combination set forth in claim 10 wherein the same circumferential position about said longitudinal axis of said plenum zone where each of said beginnings is disposed is approximately at 11 o'clock.

12. The combination set forth in claim 7 wherein said plenum zone and runners are a single plastic part.

13. The combination set forth in claim 12 further including a fuel rail that is embodied in said single plastic part and which merges with the endings of said runners.

14. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein segments of each runner that are immediately contiguous the runners' beginnings are immediately contiguous along the direction of said axis, sharing common wall portions.

15. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein the endings of said runners are spaced apart along the direction of said axis at a spacing distance from each other that exceeds the spacing distance along the direction of said axis between their beginnings.

16. An integrated unitary part for an induction air intake system for an internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of spiral runners spaced apart and bounding a central plenum region, wall portions extending between adjacent spiral runners to laterally enclose said plenum region, and a tube that extends parallel to said central plenum region and across said runners on the exterior of said runners, and wherein said runners, said wall portions, and said tube are a single plastic part, said tube sharing wall portions of said runners as it passes said runners.

17. A part for an induction air circuit of an internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of spiral runners spaced apart from each other, said runners having outlets leading to cylinders of the engine, and a wall that aids in supporting said runners on the engine, said wall comprising apertures through which the outlets of said runners pass to the engine, said wall providing a first point of support for said runners around said apertures, said wall extending downwardly from said apertures and into supporting relationship in contact with said runners at a second point of support for said runners that is spaced below the first point of support for said runners around said apertures.

18. In an induction air system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, said induction air system comprising a main body having a plenum zone and runners leading from the plenum zone to the intakes of the engine cylinders, said induction system also comprising an air filter compartment containing an air filter element that is upstream of the plenum zone, the improvement which comprises the air filter compartment being cooperatively defined by a wall portion of said main body and a removable cover, wherein said wall portion includes an imperforate end wall of said main body coacting with said cover to capture said air filter element within said compartment, and adjacent said imperforate end wall of said main body there is the entrance to a tube that extends to communicate with said plenum zone at an end thereof which lies opposite said imperforate end wall, and wherein said removable cover removably encloses said air filter element and said entrance to said tube, said air filter element being constructed and arranged within said compartment to filter air entering said compartment before the air reaches said entrance to said tube.

19. In an induction air circuit for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine the combination comprising a plenum zone that is supplied with air from an air intake, and spiral runners leading from said plenum zone and through which air is supplied from said plenum zone to individual engine cylinders, said runners being arranged in pairs laterally bounding said plenum zone, each pair having its runners arranged in a nested relation, and said pairs being spaced apart along the length of said plenum zone.