CA2055528A1 - Process for reducing the discoloration of a plastic molding composition at the processing temperature - Google Patents
Process for reducing the discoloration of a plastic molding composition at the processing temperatureInfo
- Publication number
- CA2055528A1 CA2055528A1 CA002055528A CA2055528A CA2055528A1 CA 2055528 A1 CA2055528 A1 CA 2055528A1 CA 002055528 A CA002055528 A CA 002055528A CA 2055528 A CA2055528 A CA 2055528A CA 2055528 A1 CA2055528 A1 CA 2055528A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- butyl
- polymer
- molding composition
- plastic molding
- ditrimethylolpropane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments
- C08F6/02—Neutralisation of the polymerisation mass, e.g. killing the catalyst also removal of catalyst residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/06—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Ortho-esters
Abstract
Abstract of the disclosure:
Process for reducing the discoloration of a plastic molding composition at the processing temperature In plastic molding compositions, in particular those based on olefin polymers, which contain phenolic stabilizers and metal ions as catalyst residues, the discoloration at the processing temperature is reduced if they contain triglycerol or ditrimethylolpropane as catalyst deactivators.
Process for reducing the discoloration of a plastic molding composition at the processing temperature In plastic molding compositions, in particular those based on olefin polymers, which contain phenolic stabilizers and metal ions as catalyst residues, the discoloration at the processing temperature is reduced if they contain triglycerol or ditrimethylolpropane as catalyst deactivators.
Description
HOECHST ARTIENGESELLSCHAFT HOE 90~F 342 Dr.DA/PP
Description Process for reducing the discoloration of a plastic molding composition at the processing temperature S The invention relates to the use of triglycerol and ditrimethylolpropane for reducing the di~coloration of plastic molding compositions which contai~ phenolic stabilizers and metal ions as catalyst residues and which are processed at elevated temperature.
In the preparation of a number of polymers, metal-containing catalyst~, in psr~icular those based on transition metal~, are employed for the polymerization.
5ince the residues of these catalysts act, inter alia, as catalysts for thermooxidative or photoinduced degradation of the polymers, their amoun~ in the polymers mus~ be as low as possible, if only for thi~ reason. Furthermore, the residues of these catalysts can form colored complexes with phenolic antioxidants added to the polymers; these complexes result in undesired discoloration in the polymer~. In addition, the effects of antioxidants and light stabilizers may be impaired.
It is known that polyolefins can be protected against discoloration of said type if a nonionic ~urfactant, such as, for example, a polyglycol, polyalcohol or a product as of the condensation of an alcohol with ethylene oxide (cf. GB 961,480), is added to them However, it has been shown that said compound~ are not alway~ effective enough.
Furthermore, stabilized polyolefin~ are known which contain polypentaerythritols, in particular dipenta-erythritol or tripentaerythritol (cf. US 3,337,495).
Comparative experiments show that the two abovementioned polypentaerythritols have a better action than polyglycols or polyalcohols. Nevertheless, the effectiveness is still unsatisfactory.
The ob~ect was to find oompounds which are even more effective than the known compounds for reducing the disoloration of plastic molding co~positions.
It has been found that triglycerol and ditrimethylol propane achieve the object.
~he invention thus relates to a process for reducing the discoloration of a plastic molding composition which contains a phenolic compound as stabilizer and hea~y-metal ions as catalyst residues, at the processing temperature by adding a polyhydroxyl compound, which comprises adding ~rom 0.001 to 1% by weigh~, based on the polymer, of triglycerol or ditrimethylolpropane to the molding composition.
In addition the invention relates to a molding composition which contains from 0.001 to 1% by weight, based on the polymer, of ~riglycerol or ditri-methylolpropane.
The process according to the invention can be used for molding compositions based on the polymers listed below:
1. Polymers of mono- and diolefins, for example high-, medium- or low-density polyethylene (which may or may not be crosslinked), polypropylen~, polyi80-butylene, poly-l-butene, polymethyl-l-pentene, polyisoprene or polybutadiene, and polymers of cycloolefins, such as, or ex2mple, of cyclopentene or norbornene.
~. Mixtures of the polymers mentioned under 1), for example mixtures of polypropylene with polyethylene or with polyisobutylene.
3. Copolymers of mono- and diolefin~ with one ano~her or with other ~inyl monomers, such as, for example, e~hylene-propylene copolymers, propylene-l-butene copolymer~, propylene-isobu~ylene copolymers, ethylene-l-bu~ene copolymers, propylene-butadiene copolymers, isobutylene-isoprene copolymers, ethylene-alkyl acrylate copolymex~, ethylene-alkyl methacrylate copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer~ or ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, and salts thereof (ionomers), and terpolymer~ of ethylene with propylene and a diene, such as hexa-diene, dicyclopentadiene or ethylidenenorbornene.
4. Mixtures of copolymers a~ in 3) with polymers as in l) or 2).
5. Polyesters derived from dicarbo~ylic acids and diols and/or from hydroxycarboxylic acids or ~he corresponding lactones, such as, for ex2mple, poly-ethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, poly 1,4-dimethylolcyclohexane terephthalate, poly(2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane) terephthalate, polyhydroxybenzoates, and block polyether-esters derived from polyethers cont~ining hydroxyl end groups, dialcohols and dicarboxylic acids.
6. Polycarbonates.
Preferred polymers are polyethylene and polypropylene.
The catalyst deactivator to be u ed for the process according to the invention are triglycerol a~d ditri-methylolpropane.
Triglycerol is a substance which essentially comprises the compound OH OH . OH
HocH2-cH-cH2-o-cH2 CH-cH2-o-~H2-CH-c~2oH
~ t3 ?~
It is a white crystal slurry having a density of 1.2646 g/cm3 at 40C, a melting range of from 60 to 85C
and a ~oiling poin~ of above 250~C at O.2 mbar. The product is infinitely miscible with water and ~paringly soluble in alcohol.
Ditrime~hylolpropane i5 a sub~tance ~s~entially comprising the compound of the formula CH~OH CH20H
HOCH2- C- CH2- O- CH2~ ~- CH20H
It is a white crystalline product having a melting point of about 109C, a boiling point of about 215C at about 5 mbar and a density of 1.18 g/cm3. The product is soluble in water and alcohols.
The two catalyst deactivator~ triglycerol and ditri-methylolpropane are added to ~he polymer in an amount of from about 0.001 to 1% by wei~ht, based on the polymer.
The amount added depends on the amount of metallic catalyst residues still present in the polymer. Either only one of the two catalyst deactivator~ or a mixture of the two can be added to the polymer.
The catalyst deactivators are incorporated into the organic polymers by generally conventional methods. For example, the incorporation can be effected by mixing or applying the compound~ and, if desired, further additives into or onto the polymer directly after the polymerization or into the melt before or during molding.
The incorporation can also take place by applyi~g the dissolved or dispersed compounds onto the polymer directly or mixing into a ~olution, suspension or emulsion of the polymer, if neces~ary with subsequent evaporation of the solvent. Th~ compounds are also effective if subsequently incorpoxated into ~ pre-~ranulated polymer in a separate proce~sing step.
~ 3~j~ 2 (~1 The compounds to be used according to the invention can also be added to the polymers to be ~tabilized in the form of a masterbatch which contains these compounds, for example, in a concentration of from 1 to 75% by weight, preferably from 2.5 to 30% by weigh~.
In addition, the organic polymer~ ~o be ~tabilized may also contain the following antioxid~nts, such as, for example:
1. Alkylated monophenols, for ~xample 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-t-butyl~4,6~dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-n-butylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-i-butylphenol, 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol, 2-(~-methylcyclohexyl~-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6~tricyclohexy1phenol and 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methoxymethylphenol.
0 2. Alkylated hydroquinones, for ex~mple 2,6-di-~-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-di-t-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-t-amylhydroquinone and 2,6-diphenyl-4-oetadecyloxyphenol.
5 3. Hydroxylated diphenyl thioethers, fox example 2,2~-thiobis(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis(4-octylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-t-butyl-3-methylphenol) and 4,4'-thiobis(6-t-butyl-2 methylphenol).
0 4. Alkylidenebisphenol6, for example 2,2'-methylenebi~(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol), 2,2~-methylenebis[4-me~hyl-6-(~-methylcyclo-hexyl)phenol], 2~33~2 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-cyclohe~ylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-nonyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis~4,6-di-t-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis(4,6-di-t-butylphenol), 2~2~-ethylidenebis(6-t-butyl-4-isobutylphenol)~
2~2~-methylenebis[6-(~-methylbenzyl)-4-nonylphenol]~
2t2~-methylenebis[6-(~ dimethylbenzyl)-4-non phenol], 4~4~-methylenebis(2~6-di-t-butylphenol)~
4,4'-methylenebist6-t-butyl-2-methylphenol), 1,1-bis(S-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)butane, 2,6-di-(3-t-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methylphenol, 1,1,3-tris-(5-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-phenyl)butane~
1,1-bis(5-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-3-n dodecylmercaptobut~ne, di(3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)dicyolo-pentadiene di[2-(3'-t-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylbenzyl)-5-t-butyl-4-methyl-phenyl] terephthalate and ethylene glycol bis[3,3-bis(3/~t-butyl~ hydroxy-phenyl)]butyrate.
5. Benzyl compounds, ~or example 1,3,5-trit3,5-di-t~butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,4,6-tri-methylbenzene di(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) sulfide, isooctyl 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylmercapto-acetate, bis(4-t-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)dithiol terephthalate, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4 hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(4-t-butyl-3-hydroxy 2,6-dLmethylbenzyl) isocyanurate, dioctadecyl 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphos-phonate and calcium salt of monoethyl 3,5-di-t-butyl~4-hydroxy-benzylphosphsnate.
6. Acylamino phenols, for example 4-hydroxylauranilide, 4-hydroxystearanilide, 2,4-bisoctylmercapto-6-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-anilino)-s~triazine, octyl N-(3,5-di-~-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)carbamate.
7. Esters of a- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)_ propionic acid with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, such as, for example, wi~h methanol, die~hylene glycol, octadecanol, triethylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, pentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, tris(hydroxyethyl~i~ocyanurate, thiodiethylene glycol di(hydroxyethyl)oxalamide.
8. Esters of ~-(5-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-propionic acid with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, such as, for example, with methanol, diethylene glycol, octadecanol, trie~hylen~ glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, pentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, tris(hydroxyethyl~ isocya~urate~
thiodiethylene glycol di(hydroxyethyl)oxalamide~
9. Amides of ~-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid, such as, for example, N,N'-di(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropisnyl)-hexamethylenediamine, N,N'-di(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)-trimethylenediamine and N,N'-di(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl3-hydxazine.
In addition, the polymers to be stabilized may alQo contain other additives, ~uch as, for example:
- 8 ~ 3 S~J3 1. W adsorbers and light ~tabilizsrs 1.1. 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole~, 6uch as, for example, the 5'-methyl, 3',5'-di-t-butyl, 5~-t-butyl, 5'-(1,1,3,3-tetrarnethylbutyl), 5-chloro-3',5'-di-t-butyl, 5-chloro-3'-t-butyl-5'.-IQethyl, 3'-~ec.~butyl 5'-~-butyl, 4'-octoxy, 3',5'-di-1:-amyl and 3',5'-bis(c~ -dimethylbenzyl) deri~r~tive~.
1. 2 . 2-hydroxybenzophenOne~; r for example the 4-hydroxy, 4-methoxy, 4-octoxy, 4-decyloxy, 4 dodecyloxy, 4-benzyloxy, 4,2~,4r-~rihydro~y and 2'-hydroxy-4,4'-dimetho~y derivatives.
1.3. Esters of substituted or un~sub~tituted benzoic acids, for example 4-t-butylphenyl salicylate, phenyl ~alicylate, octylphenyl salicylate, dibenzoylr~sorcinol, bi s ( 4 -t-butylbenzoyl ) resorc inol, benzoylresorcinol, 2,4-di-t-butylphenyl 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydro~-benzoate and hexadecyl 3,5 di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzoate.
1.4. Acrylates, for example ethyl and isooctyl c~-cyano~ -diphenyl acrylate, methyl c~-carbomethoxycinnamate~ methyl and butyl ~-cyano-,B-methyl-p-methoxycinnamate, methyl c~-carbomethoxy-p-methoxycinnamake and la~
carbomethoxy-9-cyanovinyl)-2-methyl indoline.
1.5. Nickel ~ompounds, for example nickel complexe~ of 2,2'-thiobis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenolJ, such as the 1:1 and 1:2 complexe~, if desired with additional ligands such a~ n-butylamine, tri-ethanolamine or M-cyclohexyldietllanolamine, nickel alkyl dithiocarbamal:e, nickel ~alt~ of monoalkyl s~ters of 4-hydroxy-3 r 5-di-t-butylbenzylphosphonic acid, such a the methyl _ 9 _ f~ fg and ethyl esters, nickel complexes of ketoximes, such as of 2-hydro~y-4-methylphenylundecyl ketoxime, nickel ~omplexe~ of l-phenyl4-lauroyl-5-hydroxypyrazole, if de~ired with additional ligands r and nickel salt6 of 2-hydroxy~4-alkoxybenzophenones.
1.6 Stearically hindexed amines, for example 1.6.1. bis(2,2,6,6-tetrame~hylpiperidyl) sebacate, bis(l,2,2,6,6-pentamet~ylpiperidyl) ~ebacate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetrEmethylpiperidyl) glutarate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentame~hylpiperidyl) glutarate, bis(2,2,6,6-~etramethylpiperidyl) succinate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentame~hylpiperidyl) succinate, 4-stearyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetrame~hylpiperidine, 4-stearyloxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine, 4-stearoylo~y-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-stearoyloxy-1,2,~,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl behen~te, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl behenate, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-7-oxa-3,20-diazadispiro-[5.1.11.2]heneicosan-21-one, 2,2,3,4,4~pentamethyl-7-oxa-3,20~diazadispiro-[5.1.11.2]heneicosan-21-one, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3-acetyl-7-oxa-3,20-diaza-dispiro[S.1.11.2]heneicosan-21-one, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-7-oxa-3,20-diaza-20~
lauryloxycarbonylethyl)~21-oxodi~piro[5.1.11.~]-heneicosane, 2,~,3,4,4-pentamethyl-7-oxa-3,20-diaza-20~
lauryloxycarbonylethyl)-21-oxodispiro-[5.1.11.2]heneicosane, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3-acetyl 7-oxa-3,20-dia~a 20~
(~-lauryloxycarbonylethyl)-21-oxodi~piro-~5.1.11.2]heneico~ane, 1,1'-3,3',5,5'-hexahydro-2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexa-~za-2,2~,S,6'-bismethano-7,8-dio~o-4,4'-bi~-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)biphenyl, 2 ~
_ 10 --N,N~,N ,N ~-~etraki~[2,4-bis[N-(2,2~6~6 tetra~
methyl-4-piperidyl)butylamino3-l~3l5 txiazin-6-yl]-~,7-diazadecane-1,10-diamine, N,N',N"~N"'-te~rakis[2,4-bis~N(1~2~2~6,6-penta-methyl-4-piperidyl~butylamino]-l 7 3,5-triazin-6-yl]-4,7-diazadecane-1,10-diEmine, N,N',N",N"'-tetrakis~2,~-bis[N(2,2,6,6-tetra-methyl-4-piperidyl)methoxypropylamino]~-1,3,5-triaz~n-6-yl]-4,7-diazadecane-1,10-diamine, N,N',N",N"'-tetraki~t2,4-bistN(1,2,2,6,6-penta~
methyl-4-piperidyl)methoxypropylamino]-lt3~5 triazin-6-yl]-4t7-diazadecane~ o-diamine~
bis(1,2,2,6,~-pentamethylpiperidyl~-n-bu~yl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl malonate, tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) nitrilotriacetate, tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid and 1,1'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis(3,3,5,5 tetramethyl piperazinone).
1.6.2. Poly-N,N~ bis(2,2,~,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) 1,8-diazadecylene, the product of the condensation of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine and ~uccinic acidj the product of the conden~ation of N,N'-bis(2,2, 6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-hexamethylenediamine and 4-t-octylamino-2,5-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, and the product of the condensation of N,N'-bi6(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)hexamethylenediamine and 4-morpholino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine.
1.7. Oxalic acid diamides ~or example 4,~'odioctyl-oxyoxanilide, 2,2' dioctyloxy-5,5'-di-t-butyl-oxanilide, 2,2'-didodecyloxy~5,5'-di-t-butyl oxanilide, 2-ethoxy-2~-ethyloxanilide, N,N'-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)oxalamide, 2-etho~y-5-t-butyl-2'-ethyloxanilide and the mixture thereof ~ 3~ ~ ~
with 2-ethoxy-2~-e~hyl-5,4_di_t-butyloxanilide, and mixtures of o and p-methoxy- and o- and p-ethoxy-disubstiuted oxanilides.
2. Netal deactivators, for example N,N~diphenyl-oxalamide, N-salicylyl-N'-salieyloyl hydrazine, N,N'-bissalicyloyl-hydrazine/ N,N'-bis-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hydrazine, 3-salicyloylamino-1, 2, 3-~riazole and bisbenzylideneoxalodihydrazide.
3- Phosphites and phosphonite6, for example triphenyl phosphi~e, diphenyl alkyl phosphites, phenyl dialkyl phosphites, trisnonylphenyl phosphite, trilauryl pho~phite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythri~yl diphosphite, tris(2,4-di-t-bu~ylphenyl) phosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythrityl diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-t-butyl-phenyl) pentaerythrityl diphosphite, tristearyl sorbityl triphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-t-butyl-phenyl)-4,4~-biphenylene diphosphonite, 3,9-bis(2,4-di-t-butylphenQxy)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro[5.5]undecane and tri~ t-butyl-4-thio(2'-methenyl-4' -hydroxy-5 1 -t-bu~yl ) -phenyl-5-methenyl)phenyl phosphite.
4. Peroxide-destroying compounds, for example e6ter~
of ~-thiodipropionic acid, such as, for example, the lauryl, stearyl, m~ristyl and tridecyl esters, mercaptobenzimidazole, the ~inc salt of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, zinc alkyl dithiocar-bamates, dioctadecyl ~ulfide, dioc~adecyl disulfide and pentaerythritol ~etrskis~-dodecylmercapto)propionats.
5. Basic costabilizers, ~or example melamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dicyandiamide, triallyl cyanurate, urea derivative~, hydrazine derivatives, amines, polyamines, polyurethanes, 2 ~3 a' ~
alkali metal and alkaline earth me~al salts of higher fatty ~cid~ or phenoxides, for example calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium ricinoleate, pot~ium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate or zlnc pyrocatecholate, and hydroxides and oxide~ of alkaline ear~h metals or of aluminum, ~or example CaO, MgO and ZnO.
Description Process for reducing the discoloration of a plastic molding composition at the processing temperature S The invention relates to the use of triglycerol and ditrimethylolpropane for reducing the di~coloration of plastic molding compositions which contai~ phenolic stabilizers and metal ions as catalyst residues and which are processed at elevated temperature.
In the preparation of a number of polymers, metal-containing catalyst~, in psr~icular those based on transition metal~, are employed for the polymerization.
5ince the residues of these catalysts act, inter alia, as catalysts for thermooxidative or photoinduced degradation of the polymers, their amoun~ in the polymers mus~ be as low as possible, if only for thi~ reason. Furthermore, the residues of these catalysts can form colored complexes with phenolic antioxidants added to the polymers; these complexes result in undesired discoloration in the polymer~. In addition, the effects of antioxidants and light stabilizers may be impaired.
It is known that polyolefins can be protected against discoloration of said type if a nonionic ~urfactant, such as, for example, a polyglycol, polyalcohol or a product as of the condensation of an alcohol with ethylene oxide (cf. GB 961,480), is added to them However, it has been shown that said compound~ are not alway~ effective enough.
Furthermore, stabilized polyolefin~ are known which contain polypentaerythritols, in particular dipenta-erythritol or tripentaerythritol (cf. US 3,337,495).
Comparative experiments show that the two abovementioned polypentaerythritols have a better action than polyglycols or polyalcohols. Nevertheless, the effectiveness is still unsatisfactory.
The ob~ect was to find oompounds which are even more effective than the known compounds for reducing the disoloration of plastic molding co~positions.
It has been found that triglycerol and ditrimethylol propane achieve the object.
~he invention thus relates to a process for reducing the discoloration of a plastic molding composition which contains a phenolic compound as stabilizer and hea~y-metal ions as catalyst residues, at the processing temperature by adding a polyhydroxyl compound, which comprises adding ~rom 0.001 to 1% by weigh~, based on the polymer, of triglycerol or ditrimethylolpropane to the molding composition.
In addition the invention relates to a molding composition which contains from 0.001 to 1% by weight, based on the polymer, of ~riglycerol or ditri-methylolpropane.
The process according to the invention can be used for molding compositions based on the polymers listed below:
1. Polymers of mono- and diolefins, for example high-, medium- or low-density polyethylene (which may or may not be crosslinked), polypropylen~, polyi80-butylene, poly-l-butene, polymethyl-l-pentene, polyisoprene or polybutadiene, and polymers of cycloolefins, such as, or ex2mple, of cyclopentene or norbornene.
~. Mixtures of the polymers mentioned under 1), for example mixtures of polypropylene with polyethylene or with polyisobutylene.
3. Copolymers of mono- and diolefin~ with one ano~her or with other ~inyl monomers, such as, for example, e~hylene-propylene copolymers, propylene-l-butene copolymer~, propylene-isobu~ylene copolymers, ethylene-l-bu~ene copolymers, propylene-butadiene copolymers, isobutylene-isoprene copolymers, ethylene-alkyl acrylate copolymex~, ethylene-alkyl methacrylate copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer~ or ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, and salts thereof (ionomers), and terpolymer~ of ethylene with propylene and a diene, such as hexa-diene, dicyclopentadiene or ethylidenenorbornene.
4. Mixtures of copolymers a~ in 3) with polymers as in l) or 2).
5. Polyesters derived from dicarbo~ylic acids and diols and/or from hydroxycarboxylic acids or ~he corresponding lactones, such as, for ex2mple, poly-ethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, poly 1,4-dimethylolcyclohexane terephthalate, poly(2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane) terephthalate, polyhydroxybenzoates, and block polyether-esters derived from polyethers cont~ining hydroxyl end groups, dialcohols and dicarboxylic acids.
6. Polycarbonates.
Preferred polymers are polyethylene and polypropylene.
The catalyst deactivator to be u ed for the process according to the invention are triglycerol a~d ditri-methylolpropane.
Triglycerol is a substance which essentially comprises the compound OH OH . OH
HocH2-cH-cH2-o-cH2 CH-cH2-o-~H2-CH-c~2oH
~ t3 ?~
It is a white crystal slurry having a density of 1.2646 g/cm3 at 40C, a melting range of from 60 to 85C
and a ~oiling poin~ of above 250~C at O.2 mbar. The product is infinitely miscible with water and ~paringly soluble in alcohol.
Ditrime~hylolpropane i5 a sub~tance ~s~entially comprising the compound of the formula CH~OH CH20H
HOCH2- C- CH2- O- CH2~ ~- CH20H
It is a white crystalline product having a melting point of about 109C, a boiling point of about 215C at about 5 mbar and a density of 1.18 g/cm3. The product is soluble in water and alcohols.
The two catalyst deactivator~ triglycerol and ditri-methylolpropane are added to ~he polymer in an amount of from about 0.001 to 1% by wei~ht, based on the polymer.
The amount added depends on the amount of metallic catalyst residues still present in the polymer. Either only one of the two catalyst deactivator~ or a mixture of the two can be added to the polymer.
The catalyst deactivators are incorporated into the organic polymers by generally conventional methods. For example, the incorporation can be effected by mixing or applying the compound~ and, if desired, further additives into or onto the polymer directly after the polymerization or into the melt before or during molding.
The incorporation can also take place by applyi~g the dissolved or dispersed compounds onto the polymer directly or mixing into a ~olution, suspension or emulsion of the polymer, if neces~ary with subsequent evaporation of the solvent. Th~ compounds are also effective if subsequently incorpoxated into ~ pre-~ranulated polymer in a separate proce~sing step.
~ 3~j~ 2 (~1 The compounds to be used according to the invention can also be added to the polymers to be ~tabilized in the form of a masterbatch which contains these compounds, for example, in a concentration of from 1 to 75% by weight, preferably from 2.5 to 30% by weigh~.
In addition, the organic polymer~ ~o be ~tabilized may also contain the following antioxid~nts, such as, for example:
1. Alkylated monophenols, for ~xample 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-t-butyl~4,6~dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-n-butylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-i-butylphenol, 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol, 2-(~-methylcyclohexyl~-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6~tricyclohexy1phenol and 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methoxymethylphenol.
0 2. Alkylated hydroquinones, for ex~mple 2,6-di-~-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-di-t-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-t-amylhydroquinone and 2,6-diphenyl-4-oetadecyloxyphenol.
5 3. Hydroxylated diphenyl thioethers, fox example 2,2~-thiobis(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis(4-octylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-t-butyl-3-methylphenol) and 4,4'-thiobis(6-t-butyl-2 methylphenol).
0 4. Alkylidenebisphenol6, for example 2,2'-methylenebi~(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol), 2,2~-methylenebis[4-me~hyl-6-(~-methylcyclo-hexyl)phenol], 2~33~2 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-cyclohe~ylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-nonyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis~4,6-di-t-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis(4,6-di-t-butylphenol), 2~2~-ethylidenebis(6-t-butyl-4-isobutylphenol)~
2~2~-methylenebis[6-(~-methylbenzyl)-4-nonylphenol]~
2t2~-methylenebis[6-(~ dimethylbenzyl)-4-non phenol], 4~4~-methylenebis(2~6-di-t-butylphenol)~
4,4'-methylenebist6-t-butyl-2-methylphenol), 1,1-bis(S-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)butane, 2,6-di-(3-t-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methylphenol, 1,1,3-tris-(5-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-phenyl)butane~
1,1-bis(5-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-3-n dodecylmercaptobut~ne, di(3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)dicyolo-pentadiene di[2-(3'-t-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylbenzyl)-5-t-butyl-4-methyl-phenyl] terephthalate and ethylene glycol bis[3,3-bis(3/~t-butyl~ hydroxy-phenyl)]butyrate.
5. Benzyl compounds, ~or example 1,3,5-trit3,5-di-t~butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,4,6-tri-methylbenzene di(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) sulfide, isooctyl 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylmercapto-acetate, bis(4-t-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)dithiol terephthalate, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4 hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(4-t-butyl-3-hydroxy 2,6-dLmethylbenzyl) isocyanurate, dioctadecyl 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphos-phonate and calcium salt of monoethyl 3,5-di-t-butyl~4-hydroxy-benzylphosphsnate.
6. Acylamino phenols, for example 4-hydroxylauranilide, 4-hydroxystearanilide, 2,4-bisoctylmercapto-6-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-anilino)-s~triazine, octyl N-(3,5-di-~-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)carbamate.
7. Esters of a- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)_ propionic acid with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, such as, for example, wi~h methanol, die~hylene glycol, octadecanol, triethylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, pentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, tris(hydroxyethyl~i~ocyanurate, thiodiethylene glycol di(hydroxyethyl)oxalamide.
8. Esters of ~-(5-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-propionic acid with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, such as, for example, with methanol, diethylene glycol, octadecanol, trie~hylen~ glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, pentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, tris(hydroxyethyl~ isocya~urate~
thiodiethylene glycol di(hydroxyethyl)oxalamide~
9. Amides of ~-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid, such as, for example, N,N'-di(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropisnyl)-hexamethylenediamine, N,N'-di(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)-trimethylenediamine and N,N'-di(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl3-hydxazine.
In addition, the polymers to be stabilized may alQo contain other additives, ~uch as, for example:
- 8 ~ 3 S~J3 1. W adsorbers and light ~tabilizsrs 1.1. 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole~, 6uch as, for example, the 5'-methyl, 3',5'-di-t-butyl, 5~-t-butyl, 5'-(1,1,3,3-tetrarnethylbutyl), 5-chloro-3',5'-di-t-butyl, 5-chloro-3'-t-butyl-5'.-IQethyl, 3'-~ec.~butyl 5'-~-butyl, 4'-octoxy, 3',5'-di-1:-amyl and 3',5'-bis(c~ -dimethylbenzyl) deri~r~tive~.
1. 2 . 2-hydroxybenzophenOne~; r for example the 4-hydroxy, 4-methoxy, 4-octoxy, 4-decyloxy, 4 dodecyloxy, 4-benzyloxy, 4,2~,4r-~rihydro~y and 2'-hydroxy-4,4'-dimetho~y derivatives.
1.3. Esters of substituted or un~sub~tituted benzoic acids, for example 4-t-butylphenyl salicylate, phenyl ~alicylate, octylphenyl salicylate, dibenzoylr~sorcinol, bi s ( 4 -t-butylbenzoyl ) resorc inol, benzoylresorcinol, 2,4-di-t-butylphenyl 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydro~-benzoate and hexadecyl 3,5 di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzoate.
1.4. Acrylates, for example ethyl and isooctyl c~-cyano~ -diphenyl acrylate, methyl c~-carbomethoxycinnamate~ methyl and butyl ~-cyano-,B-methyl-p-methoxycinnamate, methyl c~-carbomethoxy-p-methoxycinnamake and la~
carbomethoxy-9-cyanovinyl)-2-methyl indoline.
1.5. Nickel ~ompounds, for example nickel complexe~ of 2,2'-thiobis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenolJ, such as the 1:1 and 1:2 complexe~, if desired with additional ligands such a~ n-butylamine, tri-ethanolamine or M-cyclohexyldietllanolamine, nickel alkyl dithiocarbamal:e, nickel ~alt~ of monoalkyl s~ters of 4-hydroxy-3 r 5-di-t-butylbenzylphosphonic acid, such a the methyl _ 9 _ f~ fg and ethyl esters, nickel complexes of ketoximes, such as of 2-hydro~y-4-methylphenylundecyl ketoxime, nickel ~omplexe~ of l-phenyl4-lauroyl-5-hydroxypyrazole, if de~ired with additional ligands r and nickel salt6 of 2-hydroxy~4-alkoxybenzophenones.
1.6 Stearically hindexed amines, for example 1.6.1. bis(2,2,6,6-tetrame~hylpiperidyl) sebacate, bis(l,2,2,6,6-pentamet~ylpiperidyl) ~ebacate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetrEmethylpiperidyl) glutarate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentame~hylpiperidyl) glutarate, bis(2,2,6,6-~etramethylpiperidyl) succinate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentame~hylpiperidyl) succinate, 4-stearyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetrame~hylpiperidine, 4-stearyloxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine, 4-stearoylo~y-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-stearoyloxy-1,2,~,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl behen~te, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl behenate, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-7-oxa-3,20-diazadispiro-[5.1.11.2]heneicosan-21-one, 2,2,3,4,4~pentamethyl-7-oxa-3,20~diazadispiro-[5.1.11.2]heneicosan-21-one, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3-acetyl-7-oxa-3,20-diaza-dispiro[S.1.11.2]heneicosan-21-one, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-7-oxa-3,20-diaza-20~
lauryloxycarbonylethyl)~21-oxodi~piro[5.1.11.~]-heneicosane, 2,~,3,4,4-pentamethyl-7-oxa-3,20-diaza-20~
lauryloxycarbonylethyl)-21-oxodispiro-[5.1.11.2]heneicosane, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3-acetyl 7-oxa-3,20-dia~a 20~
(~-lauryloxycarbonylethyl)-21-oxodi~piro-~5.1.11.2]heneico~ane, 1,1'-3,3',5,5'-hexahydro-2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexa-~za-2,2~,S,6'-bismethano-7,8-dio~o-4,4'-bi~-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)biphenyl, 2 ~
_ 10 --N,N~,N ,N ~-~etraki~[2,4-bis[N-(2,2~6~6 tetra~
methyl-4-piperidyl)butylamino3-l~3l5 txiazin-6-yl]-~,7-diazadecane-1,10-diamine, N,N',N"~N"'-te~rakis[2,4-bis~N(1~2~2~6,6-penta-methyl-4-piperidyl~butylamino]-l 7 3,5-triazin-6-yl]-4,7-diazadecane-1,10-diEmine, N,N',N",N"'-tetrakis~2,~-bis[N(2,2,6,6-tetra-methyl-4-piperidyl)methoxypropylamino]~-1,3,5-triaz~n-6-yl]-4,7-diazadecane-1,10-diamine, N,N',N",N"'-tetraki~t2,4-bistN(1,2,2,6,6-penta~
methyl-4-piperidyl)methoxypropylamino]-lt3~5 triazin-6-yl]-4t7-diazadecane~ o-diamine~
bis(1,2,2,6,~-pentamethylpiperidyl~-n-bu~yl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl malonate, tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) nitrilotriacetate, tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid and 1,1'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis(3,3,5,5 tetramethyl piperazinone).
1.6.2. Poly-N,N~ bis(2,2,~,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) 1,8-diazadecylene, the product of the condensation of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine and ~uccinic acidj the product of the conden~ation of N,N'-bis(2,2, 6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-hexamethylenediamine and 4-t-octylamino-2,5-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, and the product of the condensation of N,N'-bi6(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)hexamethylenediamine and 4-morpholino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine.
1.7. Oxalic acid diamides ~or example 4,~'odioctyl-oxyoxanilide, 2,2' dioctyloxy-5,5'-di-t-butyl-oxanilide, 2,2'-didodecyloxy~5,5'-di-t-butyl oxanilide, 2-ethoxy-2~-ethyloxanilide, N,N'-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)oxalamide, 2-etho~y-5-t-butyl-2'-ethyloxanilide and the mixture thereof ~ 3~ ~ ~
with 2-ethoxy-2~-e~hyl-5,4_di_t-butyloxanilide, and mixtures of o and p-methoxy- and o- and p-ethoxy-disubstiuted oxanilides.
2. Netal deactivators, for example N,N~diphenyl-oxalamide, N-salicylyl-N'-salieyloyl hydrazine, N,N'-bissalicyloyl-hydrazine/ N,N'-bis-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hydrazine, 3-salicyloylamino-1, 2, 3-~riazole and bisbenzylideneoxalodihydrazide.
3- Phosphites and phosphonite6, for example triphenyl phosphi~e, diphenyl alkyl phosphites, phenyl dialkyl phosphites, trisnonylphenyl phosphite, trilauryl pho~phite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythri~yl diphosphite, tris(2,4-di-t-bu~ylphenyl) phosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythrityl diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-t-butyl-phenyl) pentaerythrityl diphosphite, tristearyl sorbityl triphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-t-butyl-phenyl)-4,4~-biphenylene diphosphonite, 3,9-bis(2,4-di-t-butylphenQxy)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro[5.5]undecane and tri~ t-butyl-4-thio(2'-methenyl-4' -hydroxy-5 1 -t-bu~yl ) -phenyl-5-methenyl)phenyl phosphite.
4. Peroxide-destroying compounds, for example e6ter~
of ~-thiodipropionic acid, such as, for example, the lauryl, stearyl, m~ristyl and tridecyl esters, mercaptobenzimidazole, the ~inc salt of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, zinc alkyl dithiocar-bamates, dioctadecyl ~ulfide, dioc~adecyl disulfide and pentaerythritol ~etrskis~-dodecylmercapto)propionats.
5. Basic costabilizers, ~or example melamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dicyandiamide, triallyl cyanurate, urea derivative~, hydrazine derivatives, amines, polyamines, polyurethanes, 2 ~3 a' ~
alkali metal and alkaline earth me~al salts of higher fatty ~cid~ or phenoxides, for example calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium ricinoleate, pot~ium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate or zlnc pyrocatecholate, and hydroxides and oxide~ of alkaline ear~h metals or of aluminum, ~or example CaO, MgO and ZnO.
6. Nucleating agents, fox example 4-t-butyl benzoic acid, adipic acid, diphenylacetic acid and diben~ylidenesorbitol.
7. Fillers and reinforcing agen~s, for example calcium carbonate, silicates, gla~s fibers, asbestos, talc, kaolin, mica, barium sulfate, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, carbon black and graphite.
8. Other additives, for example plastici~ers, lubricants, emulsifiers, pigments, optical brighteners, flameproofing agents, antistatic~
and blowing agents.
The various addi~ional additives of groups 1 to 6 mentioned above are added to the polymer~ to be stabilized in an amount of from O.01 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the molding compo~ition. The proportion ~ the additives from groups 7 and 8 is from 1 to 80% by weight, preferably from lO to 50% by weight, based on the total molding composition.
The organic polymerfi stabilized according to the invention can be used in various forms/ for example as films, fibers, tapes, profiles/ as co ting compo~itions or as binders for surface coatings, adhesives or putti~3.
In particular, ditrimethylpropane ("di-TNP"), in addition to an excellent actiYity as a catalyst deactivator, al60 has the advantage of a virtually ideal melting behavior, having a melting point of 108 - 111C. ~his physical property enables ideal handling vf di-TMP, whe~her during storage, metering or mixing with the polymer into which it is to be introduced. On the one hand, the melting point is su~iciently high that no problems, such as baking together or clumping, occur on storage, and di-T~P
in the form of a powder can be easily metered into the polymer and mixed therewith. ~Preci~e metering and homogeneous mixing of viscous liquids, such as~ for example, glycerol or polyethylene glycol 400, ~ause considerable difficulties).
On the other hand, thQ melting point of 108 -111C is lS sufficiently low that homogeneous distribution in the molten polymer (during processing) is ensur2d (homogeneous distribution of, for example, tripenta-erythritol, having a melting point of 245C, in polyethylene is not guaranteed even at processing temperatures of about 200C).
The examples below are intended to illustrate the su~ject-matter of the invention. The triglycerol used was a technical-grade product con~aining more than 80% by weight of trigylcerol.
~5 Example 1 500 g of polypropylene (density about 0.88 g/cm3 at 20C, melting point about 158C, viscosity about 1,500 mPa.s at 170~C) were melted at 160C and then mixed with 2.5 g (2,13 mmol) of pentaerythrityl tetrakis[3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate] (antioxidant 1) (phenolic antioxidant), and the mixture was then stirred at 160C for 15 minutes. 2.5 cm3 (0~5 mmol) o~ trlethyl-aluminum (solution in Esso Varsol) were then added, and the mixture was stirred at 160C for a further lS
minutes. The addition of triethylaluminum simulated the 14 ~ ~ 5 presence of metallic catalyst r0sidues (aluminum compounds are a constituent of Ziegl~r-Natta polymerization catalysts).
An intensely red-violet polypropylene was obtained. In each case, 100 g of this (containing 1.0 mmol of Et3Al) were heated to 200C under an N2 atmosphere, and sufficient of the catalyst deactivator to be investigated was added in portions until no further change in the color of the polypropylene occurred even after stirring for a relatively long tLme at 200C. Table 1 ~how~ the ~final color" of the polypropylene and the amount of the respective compound investigated which was added to achieve the "final color".
Table l Added compound Amount Amount ~Final color"
[mg] [mmol]
Glycerol 108 1.17 beige Polyethylene glycol 400 250 0.63beige~brown Tripentaerythritol 300 0.81beige-brown Ditrimethylolpropane 124 0.49 pale beige Trigylcerol 70 0.29 white Example 2 Example l was repeated, but the phenolic antioxidant added was 2.5 g (3.14 mmol) of glycol bi~[3,3~bi~(4'-hydroxy-3'-t-butylphenyl)butanoate] (antioxidan~ 2). A
violet polypropylene was obtained.
Table 2 Added compound Amount Amount "Final color"
~mg] [mmol]
Glycerol 275 2.99 beige-pink Polyethylene glycol 400 600 1.50 pale violet Tripentaerythritol450 1.21 pale pink Ditrimethylolpropane 125 0.50 beige-yellow Trigylcerol 350 1.46 beige-yellow Example 3 Example 1 was repeated, but the 2.5 cm3 of ~riethyl-aluminum solution were replaced by 006 cm3 t5.47 mmol) of titanium (IV) chloride (titanium compounds are present in Ziegler-Natta catalyst~). U~ing this (together with ~he phenolic antioxidants), a red-brown polypropylene was obtained.
Table 3 Added compound ~mount Amount ~Final color"
[mg] [mmol]
Glycerol 150 1.63 pale orange Polyethylene glycol 400 80 0.20 orange-brown Tripentaerythritol250 0.67 orange-brown Ditrimethylolpropane 248 1.00 ~eige-orange Trigylcerol 420 1.75 pale yellow Example 4 Example 3 was repeated, but the phenolic antioxidant added was 2.5 g (3.14 mmol) of gly~ol bis[3,3-bis(4'-hydroxy-3'-t-butylphenyl)butanoate]. A red-brown polypropylene was obtained.
f~ ~ r~
~ 16 ~
Table 4 Added compound Amoun~ Amoun~ ~Final color"
[mg] rmmol]
Glycerol 130 1.41 yellow-orange Polyethylene glycol 400 60 0.15 dark oran~e Tripentaerythritol 200 0.54 orange~brown Ditrimethylolpropane 310 1.24 pale yellow Trigylcerol 420 1.~5 y~llow Example 5 O.1 part of calcium stearate and x parts of a~dikive were added to 100 parts of polyethylene (density 0.955 g/cm3 at 23C; MFI 190~5 = 0.28 g/10 min; NEI 190/21.6 9 g/10 min unstabilized).
The mixtures were kneaded for 10 minutes in an open laboratory compounder at 200C and 20 rpm. A 1 mm pressed sheet was subsequently produced from ~he sample material at 180~C, and the yellowness index thereof was measured.
Table 5 Additives Yellowne~ index 0.2 part of antioxidant 2 38.3 0.2 part of antioxidant 1 14.4 0.2 part of antioxidant 1 ~ 5.B
0.02 part of ditrimethylolpropane 0.2 part of antioxidant 2 ~ 4.6 O.02 part of ditximethylolpropane Example 6 Example 5 was repeated, only this tLme the effe~t in various polymer~ was investigated.
2 ~ '~ ll' r~ ~? ') Table 6 (Polymer = LLD polyethylene (density 0.92 g/cm3 at 23~C; MFI
190/2 = 10 g/10 min) Additives Yellowness inde~
0.2 part of antioxidant 2 12.3 0.19 part of antioxidant 2 ~2.2 0.01 part of ditrimethylolpropane 0.19 part of antioxidant 2 +2.3 0.01 part of glycerol Table 7 (Polymer = polyethylene as in E~ample 5~
Additives Yellowness index 0.2 part of antioxidant 2 38.3 0.19 part of antioxidant 2 + 8.6 0.01 part of ditrimethylolpropane 0.19 part of antioxidant 2 + 20.7 0.01 part of glycerol Table 8 (Polymer = polypropylene(density90 g/cm3 at 23C; NFI
230/2 = 0.~ g/10 min) Additives Yellowne~s index 0.2 part of antioxidant 2 38.3 0.10 part of antioxidant ~ + 0.6 0.01 part of ditrimethylolpropane 0.19 part of antioxidant 2 + 3.2 0.01 part of glycerol Example 7 Decoloration of various phenolic antioxidants 100 parts of polyethylene as in Example S were mixed with 0.1 part of calcium stearate and x part~ of additive, and the mixture was sub~ected to repeated granulation (laboratory extruder, T = 200/250/300C). After each granulation operation, the yellowness index wa measured on the granules.
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and blowing agents.
The various addi~ional additives of groups 1 to 6 mentioned above are added to the polymer~ to be stabilized in an amount of from O.01 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the molding compo~ition. The proportion ~ the additives from groups 7 and 8 is from 1 to 80% by weight, preferably from lO to 50% by weight, based on the total molding composition.
The organic polymerfi stabilized according to the invention can be used in various forms/ for example as films, fibers, tapes, profiles/ as co ting compo~itions or as binders for surface coatings, adhesives or putti~3.
In particular, ditrimethylpropane ("di-TNP"), in addition to an excellent actiYity as a catalyst deactivator, al60 has the advantage of a virtually ideal melting behavior, having a melting point of 108 - 111C. ~his physical property enables ideal handling vf di-TMP, whe~her during storage, metering or mixing with the polymer into which it is to be introduced. On the one hand, the melting point is su~iciently high that no problems, such as baking together or clumping, occur on storage, and di-T~P
in the form of a powder can be easily metered into the polymer and mixed therewith. ~Preci~e metering and homogeneous mixing of viscous liquids, such as~ for example, glycerol or polyethylene glycol 400, ~ause considerable difficulties).
On the other hand, thQ melting point of 108 -111C is lS sufficiently low that homogeneous distribution in the molten polymer (during processing) is ensur2d (homogeneous distribution of, for example, tripenta-erythritol, having a melting point of 245C, in polyethylene is not guaranteed even at processing temperatures of about 200C).
The examples below are intended to illustrate the su~ject-matter of the invention. The triglycerol used was a technical-grade product con~aining more than 80% by weight of trigylcerol.
~5 Example 1 500 g of polypropylene (density about 0.88 g/cm3 at 20C, melting point about 158C, viscosity about 1,500 mPa.s at 170~C) were melted at 160C and then mixed with 2.5 g (2,13 mmol) of pentaerythrityl tetrakis[3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate] (antioxidant 1) (phenolic antioxidant), and the mixture was then stirred at 160C for 15 minutes. 2.5 cm3 (0~5 mmol) o~ trlethyl-aluminum (solution in Esso Varsol) were then added, and the mixture was stirred at 160C for a further lS
minutes. The addition of triethylaluminum simulated the 14 ~ ~ 5 presence of metallic catalyst r0sidues (aluminum compounds are a constituent of Ziegl~r-Natta polymerization catalysts).
An intensely red-violet polypropylene was obtained. In each case, 100 g of this (containing 1.0 mmol of Et3Al) were heated to 200C under an N2 atmosphere, and sufficient of the catalyst deactivator to be investigated was added in portions until no further change in the color of the polypropylene occurred even after stirring for a relatively long tLme at 200C. Table 1 ~how~ the ~final color" of the polypropylene and the amount of the respective compound investigated which was added to achieve the "final color".
Table l Added compound Amount Amount ~Final color"
[mg] [mmol]
Glycerol 108 1.17 beige Polyethylene glycol 400 250 0.63beige~brown Tripentaerythritol 300 0.81beige-brown Ditrimethylolpropane 124 0.49 pale beige Trigylcerol 70 0.29 white Example 2 Example l was repeated, but the phenolic antioxidant added was 2.5 g (3.14 mmol) of glycol bi~[3,3~bi~(4'-hydroxy-3'-t-butylphenyl)butanoate] (antioxidan~ 2). A
violet polypropylene was obtained.
Table 2 Added compound Amount Amount "Final color"
~mg] [mmol]
Glycerol 275 2.99 beige-pink Polyethylene glycol 400 600 1.50 pale violet Tripentaerythritol450 1.21 pale pink Ditrimethylolpropane 125 0.50 beige-yellow Trigylcerol 350 1.46 beige-yellow Example 3 Example 1 was repeated, but the 2.5 cm3 of ~riethyl-aluminum solution were replaced by 006 cm3 t5.47 mmol) of titanium (IV) chloride (titanium compounds are present in Ziegler-Natta catalyst~). U~ing this (together with ~he phenolic antioxidants), a red-brown polypropylene was obtained.
Table 3 Added compound ~mount Amount ~Final color"
[mg] [mmol]
Glycerol 150 1.63 pale orange Polyethylene glycol 400 80 0.20 orange-brown Tripentaerythritol250 0.67 orange-brown Ditrimethylolpropane 248 1.00 ~eige-orange Trigylcerol 420 1.75 pale yellow Example 4 Example 3 was repeated, but the phenolic antioxidant added was 2.5 g (3.14 mmol) of gly~ol bis[3,3-bis(4'-hydroxy-3'-t-butylphenyl)butanoate]. A red-brown polypropylene was obtained.
f~ ~ r~
~ 16 ~
Table 4 Added compound Amoun~ Amoun~ ~Final color"
[mg] rmmol]
Glycerol 130 1.41 yellow-orange Polyethylene glycol 400 60 0.15 dark oran~e Tripentaerythritol 200 0.54 orange~brown Ditrimethylolpropane 310 1.24 pale yellow Trigylcerol 420 1.~5 y~llow Example 5 O.1 part of calcium stearate and x parts of a~dikive were added to 100 parts of polyethylene (density 0.955 g/cm3 at 23C; MFI 190~5 = 0.28 g/10 min; NEI 190/21.6 9 g/10 min unstabilized).
The mixtures were kneaded for 10 minutes in an open laboratory compounder at 200C and 20 rpm. A 1 mm pressed sheet was subsequently produced from ~he sample material at 180~C, and the yellowness index thereof was measured.
Table 5 Additives Yellowne~ index 0.2 part of antioxidant 2 38.3 0.2 part of antioxidant 1 14.4 0.2 part of antioxidant 1 ~ 5.B
0.02 part of ditrimethylolpropane 0.2 part of antioxidant 2 ~ 4.6 O.02 part of ditximethylolpropane Example 6 Example 5 was repeated, only this tLme the effe~t in various polymer~ was investigated.
2 ~ '~ ll' r~ ~? ') Table 6 (Polymer = LLD polyethylene (density 0.92 g/cm3 at 23~C; MFI
190/2 = 10 g/10 min) Additives Yellowness inde~
0.2 part of antioxidant 2 12.3 0.19 part of antioxidant 2 ~2.2 0.01 part of ditrimethylolpropane 0.19 part of antioxidant 2 +2.3 0.01 part of glycerol Table 7 (Polymer = polyethylene as in E~ample 5~
Additives Yellowness index 0.2 part of antioxidant 2 38.3 0.19 part of antioxidant 2 + 8.6 0.01 part of ditrimethylolpropane 0.19 part of antioxidant 2 + 20.7 0.01 part of glycerol Table 8 (Polymer = polypropylene(density90 g/cm3 at 23C; NFI
230/2 = 0.~ g/10 min) Additives Yellowne~s index 0.2 part of antioxidant 2 38.3 0.10 part of antioxidant ~ + 0.6 0.01 part of ditrimethylolpropane 0.19 part of antioxidant 2 + 3.2 0.01 part of glycerol Example 7 Decoloration of various phenolic antioxidants 100 parts of polyethylene as in Example S were mixed with 0.1 part of calcium stearate and x part~ of additive, and the mixture was sub~ected to repeated granulation (laboratory extruder, T = 200/250/300C). After each granulation operation, the yellowness index wa measured on the granules.
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o X N NO O O O o~
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+ + _ + ~1 ~a ~ ~ ~ ~a ~ Uo ,0 ,C~ ,~ ,0 ,0 .0 ~
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Claims (7)
1. A process for reducing the discoloration of a plastic molding composition which contains a phenolic compound as stabilizer and heavy-metal ions as catalyst residues, at the processing temperature by adding a polyhydroxyl compound, which comprises adding from 0.001 to 1% by weight, based on the polymer, of triglycerol or ditrimethylolpropane to the molding composition.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein triglycerol is added to the plastic molding composition.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein ditrimethylolpropane is added to the plastic molding composition.
4. A plastic molding composition containing a polymer of a mono- or diolefin, a copolymer of a mono- or diolefin with another vinyl monomer, a polyester or a polycarbonate, a phenolic compound as stabilizer and heavy-metal ions as catalyst residues, and containing from 0.001 to 1% by weight, based on the polymer, of triglycerol or ditrimethylolpropane.
5. A plastic molding composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the polymer is a polymer of a mono- or diolefin or a copolymer of a mono- or diolefin with another vinyl monomer.
6. The use of triglycerol for deactivating catalyst residues in organic polymers.
7. The use of ditrimethylolpropane for deactivating catalyst residues in organic polymers.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4036359.7 | 1990-11-15 | ||
| DE4036359A DE4036359A1 (en) | 1990-11-15 | 1990-11-15 | METHOD FOR PREVENTING THE PROCESSING OF A PLASTIC MOLD AT THE PROCESSING TEMPERATURE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2055528A1 true CA2055528A1 (en) | 1992-05-16 |
Family
ID=6418293
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002055528A Abandoned CA2055528A1 (en) | 1990-11-15 | 1991-11-14 | Process for reducing the discoloration of a plastic molding composition at the processing temperature |
Country Status (20)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5331034A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0485891B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH04268349A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR920009929A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE152469T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU640061B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9104964A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2055528A1 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS345691A3 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4036359A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0485891T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2103765T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI915352A (en) |
| HU (1) | HU209722B (en) |
| IE (1) | IE913973A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9102052A (en) |
| MY (1) | MY109712A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO304075B1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW203068B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA919019B (en) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5852086A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-12-22 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Polyamide-acrylonitrile butadiene blends with reduced gel and antigel agent |
| US5886073A (en) * | 1997-11-03 | 1999-03-23 | General Electric Company | Polycarbonate redistribution method with catalyst decomposition |
| US20100184940A1 (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2010-07-22 | Eastman Chemical Company | Polyester Compositions Which Comprise Cyclobutanediol and Certain Thermal Stabilizers, and/or Reaction Products Thereof |
| US20060287480A1 (en) | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-21 | Crawford Emmett D | Outdoor shelters comprising polyester compositions formed from 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol |
| US7704605B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2010-04-27 | Eastman Chemical Company | Thermoplastic articles comprising cyclobutanediol having a decorative material embedded therein |
| EP2156935A3 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2010-07-28 | Eastman Chemical Company | Restaurant smallware comprising polyester compositions formed from 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol |
| US8586701B2 (en) | 2005-10-28 | 2013-11-19 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for the preparation of copolyesters based on 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol |
| US8193302B2 (en) | 2005-10-28 | 2012-06-05 | Eastman Chemical Company | Polyester compositions which comprise cyclobutanediol and certain phosphate thermal stabilizers, and/or reaction products thereof |
| KR101410145B1 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2014-06-19 | 이스트만 케미칼 컴파니 | Polyester compositions containing cyclobutanediol having a certain combination of inherent viscosity and moderate glass transition temperature and articles made therefrom |
| US20070106054A1 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-10 | Crawford Emmett D | Polyester compositions containing cyclobutanediol having a certain combination of inherent viscosity and high glass transition temperature and articles made therefrom |
| US9598533B2 (en) | 2005-11-22 | 2017-03-21 | Eastman Chemical Company | Polyester compositions containing cyclobutanediol having a certain combination of inherent viscosity and moderate glass transition temperature and articles made therefrom |
| US7737246B2 (en) | 2005-12-15 | 2010-06-15 | Eastman Chemical Company | Polyester compositions which comprise cyclobutanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol, and ethylene glycol and manufacturing processes therefor |
| US9169388B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2015-10-27 | Eastman Chemical Company | Polyester compositions which comprise cyclobutanediol and certain thermal stabilizers, and/or reaction products thereof |
| US8501287B2 (en) | 2007-11-21 | 2013-08-06 | Eastman Chemical Company | Plastic baby bottles, other blow molded articles, and processes for their manufacture |
| EP2225084B1 (en) | 2007-11-21 | 2013-05-29 | Eastman Chemical Company | Plastic baby bottles, other blow molded articles, and processes for their manufacture |
| US8198371B2 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2012-06-12 | Eastman Chemical Company | Blends of polyesters and ABS copolymers |
| KR101025401B1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2011-03-28 | 앰코 테크놀로지 코리아 주식회사 | Decapper And Decap Method Using The Same |
| US20100099828A1 (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2010-04-22 | Eastman Chemical Company | Clear Binary Blends of Aliphatic Polyesters and Aliphatic-Aromatic Polyesters |
| US8895654B2 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2014-11-25 | Eastman Chemical Company | Polyester compositions which comprise spiro-glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, and terephthalic acid |
| US8420869B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2013-04-16 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for the preparation of 2,2,4,4-tetraalkylcyclobutane-1,3-diols |
| US8420868B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2013-04-16 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for the preparation of 2,2,4,4-tetraalkylcyclobutane-1,3-diols |
| US8394997B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2013-03-12 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for the isomerization of 2,2,4,4-tetraalkylcyclobutane-1,3-diols |
| US20130217830A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-22 | Eastman Chemical Company | Clear Semi-Crystalline Articles with Improved Heat Resistance |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2394306A (en) * | 1938-09-20 | 1946-02-05 | Hentrich Winfrid | Process of producing nitrogenous condensation products |
| BE655915A (en) * | 1963-11-18 | |||
| BE754871A (en) * | 1969-08-19 | 1971-01-18 | Gen Electric | STABILIZED AND PIGMENTED POLYCARBONATE RESIN |
| US4159261A (en) * | 1977-01-26 | 1979-06-26 | Dart Industries Inc. | Stabilization of vinyl halide resins |
| US4504615A (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1985-03-12 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Treating polymers of ethylene |
| EP0058447A1 (en) * | 1981-02-13 | 1982-08-25 | Akzo N.V. | Stabilizer composition for polymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride, polymer composition comprising such a stabilizer composition and shaped articles prepared therefrom |
| US4374352A (en) * | 1981-07-21 | 1983-02-15 | Veeco/Macronetics Inc. | AC Induction motor braking system |
| JPS61174270A (en) * | 1985-01-29 | 1986-08-05 | Kyowa Chem Ind Co Ltd | Rust-inhibiting or discoloration-resistant synthetic resin composition and agent |
| JPS62129329A (en) * | 1985-11-30 | 1987-06-11 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | Polyolefin composition with slight coloring |
| US4963606A (en) * | 1989-09-06 | 1990-10-16 | Ethyl Corporation | Thermally stabilized styrenic polymer-based thermoplastic formulations |
-
1990
- 1990-11-15 DE DE4036359A patent/DE4036359A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-11-05 TW TW080108719A patent/TW203068B/zh active
- 1991-11-07 EP EP91119003A patent/EP0485891B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-07 DE DE59108691T patent/DE59108691D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-07 DK DK91119003.1T patent/DK0485891T3/en active
- 1991-11-07 AT AT91119003T patent/ATE152469T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-07 ES ES91119003T patent/ES2103765T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-13 FI FI915352A patent/FI915352A/en unknown
- 1991-11-13 JP JP3297430A patent/JPH04268349A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-11-13 MX MX9102052A patent/MX9102052A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-13 US US07/791,448 patent/US5331034A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-13 HU HU913548A patent/HU209722B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-13 MY MYPI91002094A patent/MY109712A/en unknown
- 1991-11-14 CS CS913456A patent/CS345691A3/en unknown
- 1991-11-14 BR BR919104964A patent/BR9104964A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-11-14 NO NO914461A patent/NO304075B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-14 AU AU87822/91A patent/AU640061B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-11-14 ZA ZA919019A patent/ZA919019B/en unknown
- 1991-11-14 IE IE397391A patent/IE913973A1/en unknown
- 1991-11-14 CA CA002055528A patent/CA2055528A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-11-15 KR KR1019910020339A patent/KR920009929A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU640061B2 (en) | 1993-08-12 |
| EP0485891A2 (en) | 1992-05-20 |
| FI915352A (en) | 1992-05-16 |
| DK0485891T3 (en) | 1997-10-27 |
| NO304075B1 (en) | 1998-10-19 |
| HU913548D0 (en) | 1992-01-28 |
| TW203068B (en) | 1993-04-01 |
| ES2103765T3 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
| ZA919019B (en) | 1992-07-29 |
| NO914461D0 (en) | 1991-11-14 |
| ATE152469T1 (en) | 1997-05-15 |
| US5331034A (en) | 1994-07-19 |
| IE913973A1 (en) | 1992-05-20 |
| DE4036359A1 (en) | 1992-05-21 |
| MY109712A (en) | 1997-04-30 |
| BR9104964A (en) | 1992-06-23 |
| NO914461L (en) | 1992-05-18 |
| EP0485891A3 (en) | 1993-03-10 |
| HU209722B (en) | 1994-10-28 |
| HUT59434A (en) | 1992-05-28 |
| DE59108691D1 (en) | 1997-06-05 |
| EP0485891B1 (en) | 1997-05-02 |
| KR920009929A (en) | 1992-06-25 |
| AU8782291A (en) | 1992-05-21 |
| MX9102052A (en) | 1993-01-01 |
| FI915352A0 (en) | 1991-11-13 |
| JPH04268349A (en) | 1992-09-24 |
| CS345691A3 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
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