CA2057856C - Two-ply papermakers forming fabric - Google Patents
Two-ply papermakers forming fabricInfo
- Publication number
- CA2057856C CA2057856C CA002057856A CA2057856A CA2057856C CA 2057856 C CA2057856 C CA 2057856C CA 002057856 A CA002057856 A CA 002057856A CA 2057856 A CA2057856 A CA 2057856A CA 2057856 C CA2057856 C CA 2057856C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- yarns
- cmd
- yarn
- layer
- fabric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
- D21F1/0036—Multi-layer screen-cloths
Abstract
A two-ply forming fa-bric is provided having an upper paper carrying/form-ing layer which comprises twice as many cross ma-chine direction yarns as the lower, machine-side layer.
A system of machine direc-tion yarns interweaves in a selected repeat pattern such that a zigzag effect is pro-duced on the underside of the fabric by the machine direction yarns (21, 22, 23) to provide improved drain-age. The higher count of up-per layer CMD yarns selec-tively interwoven in a non-twill pattern with 80 %-100 % cover of MD yarns pro-vides an improved paper forming/carrying surface.
A system of machine direc-tion yarns interweaves in a selected repeat pattern such that a zigzag effect is pro-duced on the underside of the fabric by the machine direction yarns (21, 22, 23) to provide improved drain-age. The higher count of up-per layer CMD yarns selec-tively interwoven in a non-twill pattern with 80 %-100 % cover of MD yarns pro-vides an improved paper forming/carrying surface.
Description
~091/14813 2 0 5 7 8 5 6 PCT/US91/02032 TWO-PLY PAPERM~ERS FORMING FABRIC
The present inventio1) relates t~ papermakers fa~rics, and, in particular, fabrics inte1-~ed to ~Lacilitate t}le initial formation of an aqueous paper web in the manufacture of paper.
~CKGROUND OF TIIE INVENTION
~apermaking mac~1ines ~3enerally are comprised of t}lree sections: forming, press, and drying. Papermakers fabrics are employed to transport a continuous paper sheet through the papermaking equipment as it is being manuEactured. The re~uirements and desira~le cl1aracteristics o~ papermakers fabrics vary in accor~ance wit11 tl~e particular section of t}le maclline where the respective fabrics are i5 utilized.
In particular, in the forming section of papermaking equipment, forming fabrics are utilized to initially create an aqueous paper sheet or web ~rom a pulp slurry. Typically, the pulp slurry is deposited on the movin~3 formi1lg fabric 2U which transports the slurry over suction boxes or other means to form t}le paper web. T1le surface c~1araoteristics an~
drainage c~1aracteristics of t~le forming fabric play an important role in the initial formation of the aqueous papeL^
web.
Multi-layer forming fabrics are known in the art.
For example, U.S. Patent llo. 4,7~9,732 discloses a dual layer forming fabric for use in t~e papermaking process.
~UMMARY AND OBJECTB OF THE INVENTION
A two-ply forming fa~ric is provided 11aving a1~ upper 3~ paper carryi}1g/forming layer which comprises twice as many cross machine direction yarns as the lower, macl1ine-side layer. A system of machine direction yarns interweaves in a selecte~ repeat pattern 5uch that a zigzag effect is produce~
WO91/14813 - PCT/US91/02032 ~
~~- 2~S78S~ . ' on the underside of the fabric ~y the machine direction yarns to provide improved draina~e. The higher count of upper layer CM~ yarns selectively interwoven in a non-twill pattern with 80%-100% cover of M~ yarns provides an improved paper forming/carrying surface.
Other objects and advantages o~ the present itlvel)tion will become apparellt ~rom the followil~ description of a preselltly prererred embo~imellt.
A BRIEF DE~CRIPTION OF THE DR~WINGS
Figure 1 is a plan view of the machille-side or bottom of a papermakers ~abric made in accordance with the teachillg of the present il~velltion; an~
Figure 2 is a se~ of schematic diagrams depicting the weave pattern of each of eight machine direction yarns of a repeat interweaving with the cross machine direction yarn layers of the fabric shown in Figure 1.
DETAILED DE~CRIPTION OF ~ PRESENTLY
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The present inventio1) relates t~ papermakers fa~rics, and, in particular, fabrics inte1-~ed to ~Lacilitate t}le initial formation of an aqueous paper web in the manufacture of paper.
~CKGROUND OF TIIE INVENTION
~apermaking mac~1ines ~3enerally are comprised of t}lree sections: forming, press, and drying. Papermakers fabrics are employed to transport a continuous paper sheet through the papermaking equipment as it is being manuEactured. The re~uirements and desira~le cl1aracteristics o~ papermakers fabrics vary in accor~ance wit11 tl~e particular section of t}le maclline where the respective fabrics are i5 utilized.
In particular, in the forming section of papermaking equipment, forming fabrics are utilized to initially create an aqueous paper sheet or web ~rom a pulp slurry. Typically, the pulp slurry is deposited on the movin~3 formi1lg fabric 2U which transports the slurry over suction boxes or other means to form t}le paper web. T1le surface c~1araoteristics an~
drainage c~1aracteristics of t~le forming fabric play an important role in the initial formation of the aqueous papeL^
web.
Multi-layer forming fabrics are known in the art.
For example, U.S. Patent llo. 4,7~9,732 discloses a dual layer forming fabric for use in t~e papermaking process.
~UMMARY AND OBJECTB OF THE INVENTION
A two-ply forming fa~ric is provided 11aving a1~ upper 3~ paper carryi}1g/forming layer which comprises twice as many cross machine direction yarns as the lower, macl1ine-side layer. A system of machine direction yarns interweaves in a selecte~ repeat pattern 5uch that a zigzag effect is produce~
WO91/14813 - PCT/US91/02032 ~
~~- 2~S78S~ . ' on the underside of the fabric ~y the machine direction yarns to provide improved draina~e. The higher count of upper layer CM~ yarns selectively interwoven in a non-twill pattern with 80%-100% cover of M~ yarns provides an improved paper forming/carrying surface.
Other objects and advantages o~ the present itlvel)tion will become apparellt ~rom the followil~ description of a preselltly prererred embo~imellt.
A BRIEF DE~CRIPTION OF THE DR~WINGS
Figure 1 is a plan view of the machille-side or bottom of a papermakers ~abric made in accordance with the teachillg of the present il~velltion; an~
Figure 2 is a se~ of schematic diagrams depicting the weave pattern of each of eight machine direction yarns of a repeat interweaving with the cross machine direction yarn layers of the fabric shown in Figure 1.
DETAILED DE~CRIPTION OF ~ PRESENTLY
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
2~ ~eferring to Figures 1 and 2, there is sllown a fabric 10 comprising a top layer 12 of cross machine ~irectioll (CMV) yarns 31-4G alld a bottom layer 14 oL cross machine direction (CMD) yarns 51-65. The top and bottom CMD
layers 12, 14 are interwoven with a system of machine direction (MD) yarns 21-28 in a repeat pattern, as s~lown.
As will be recognized by those skilled in the art, reference to cross machille direction and machine direction is made Wit}l respect to the orientation of the fabric on a papermaking machine. Machine direction is the direction that the fabric travels when iostalled and used on the papermaking equipment; cross machine direction is perpendicular thereto.
Typically, a fabric may be woven flat so tllat the MD yarns are strung as warp on the loom. Where the fabric is woven flat, the fabric ends would be seamed together to form an endless belt when the ~abric is installed on a papermaking equipment. ~owever, the fabric could be woven endless. In endless weaving, the cross machine direction ~ _3_ 20578S6 yarns would normally be the warp. A variety of weaving and seaming techniques are well known in the art including the endless weaving of seamed fabrics.
The papermakers fabric of the present invention is preferably woven with twice as many yarns in the upper CMD
layer 12 than in the lower CMD layer 14. The repeat pattern of eight MD yarns interweaves with sixteen upper layer CMD
yarns and eight of the larger lower layer CMD yarns per repeat.
With reference to Figure 2, the detailed weaving of each MD yarn of the repeat is shown. For example, MD yarn 21 weaves under upper CMD yarns 31, 32 and lower CMD yarn 51, between upper CMD yarn 33 and lower CMD yarn 53, under upper CMD yarns 34, 35, 36 and lower CMD yarn 55, between upper CMD
yarns 37, 38, 39, 40 and lower CMD yarns 57, 59, over upper CMD yarn 41 and lower CMD 61, under upper CMD yarn 42, between upper CMD yarn 43 and lower CMD 63, over upper CMD
yarn 44, between upper CMD yarn 45 and lower CMD yarn 65, and under upper CMD yarn 46 thereafter repeating.
Essentially, each MD yarn weaves between top layer 12 CMD yarns 31-46 and bottom layer 14 CMD yarns 51-65, with each MD yarn weaving over only two individual, separate top layer CMD yarns and under two individual, separate bottom layer CMD yarns:
MD yarn 21 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 41, 44, under bottom CMD yarns 51, 55, and between the other top layer and bottom layer yarns, respectively;
MD yarn 22 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 35, 38, under bottom CMD yarns 61, 65, and between the other top layer and bottom layer yarns, respectively;
and MD yarn 23 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 45, 32, under bottom CMD yarns 55, 59, and between the other top layer and bottom layer yarns, respectively;
MD yarn 24 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 39, 42, under bottom CMD yarns 65, 53, and between the other top layer and bottom layer yarns, respectively;
X~ ' ~ 091/14813 PCT/US91/02032 MD yarn 25 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 33, 36, under bottom CMD yarns 59, 63, and between the other top layer and bottonl layer yarns, respectively;
MD yarJl 26 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 43, 46, under bottom CMD yarns 53, 57, and between the other top layer an~ bottom layer yarns, respectively;
MD y~rn 2;~ weaving over top layer CMD yarns 37, 4~, under bottom CMD yarl1s 63, 51, and between t~le other 1~ top layer and bottom layer yarns, respectively;
MD yarn 28 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 31, 34, under bottom CMD yarns 57, 61, and between t~1e other top layer and bottom layer yarns, respectively.
The interweaviny of the MD yarn system with the upper layer CMD yarns creates knuckles on the top surface of the fabric where the MD yarns weave over the selected top layer CMD yarns. It is preferred that the MD yarns which define the knuckles with respect to the top fabric layer are separated by two upper layer CMD yarns as shown. The 2~ resultant weave pattern de~ines a staggered or non-twill repeat Oll t~le upper ~abric surface.
As best seen in Figure l, the differential size and spacing of the CMD yarn layers combined wit~1 the selected weave pattern of the MD yarn system causes the MV yarns to create a zigzag pattern along the bottom layer of the fabric. For example, MD yarns 21 and 23 both weave under lower layer yarn 55 while intermediate yarn 22 is weaving over upper layer yarn 35. ~s a result MD yarns 21 and 23 gravitate toward each other directly underneath MD yarn 22.
3U Similarly, throughout the repeat pattern alternate MD yarns weave under a commor1 lower CMD yarn while the intermediate MD yarn weaves over an upper CMD yarn. Thus, MD
yarns 22, 24 weave under lower CMD yarn 65 while intermediate MD yarn 23 weaves over upper CMD yarn 45; MD yarns 23, 25 weave under lower CMD yarn 59 wllile intermediate M~ yarn 24 weaves over upper CMV yarn 39; and so forth.
For each lower CMD yarn, there is a spaced pair of MD yarns which weave under that lower layer of yarn while an .
~09ltl4813 PCT/US91/02032 _ 5 `~ 20~78S6 intermediate MD yarn weaves over an upper layer yarn which results in the space~ MD layer yarn pair being displaced towards each other. This produces zigzagging of the MD yarns within the bottom layer of tlle fabric and promotes drainage to facilitate the fabric's function. Furthermore, on the top surface of the fabric, the knuckles de~ined by the MD yarns de~ine a uni~orm paper forming/carryillg surface.
l'he MD yarns are preferably polyester monoLilament .0045 inches in diameter. Preferably the top layer CMD yarns are also polyester- monofilament yarns having a diameter of .0045 inches. In contrast, the bottom layer CMD yarns are signi~icantly larger, beirlg monofilament polyester'yarns havitlg a diameter of .0070 inc}les.
~lthough specific size yarns have been disclosed, the diameter of the MD yarns may range from .0032 to .0250 inc}les, the diameter o~ tlle upper CMD yarns ~rom .0032 to .0300 inches, and the diameter of the lower CMD yarns from .0035-.04S0 inches. Preferably the top layer CMD yarns are in tlle range of 50%-90% of the diameter of the larger bottom layer CM~ yarns.
Although polyester and/or polya~ide yarns are preierred, it will be recognized by those of ordinary skill il~ the art t~lat other types of yarns may be employed where the demands of the speci~ic application make other materials preferable.
~fter weaving, the rabric is heat set in a conventional manner to finish the fabric. Preferably, the fabric is woven to finish with 200 MD yarns per inch and 150 CMD yarns per inch. Where the yarn size is varied (in accordance with the ranges set forth above), the yarn count per illC}I will correspondingly vary resulting in the MD yarn system beiny woven to ~inisll from 40 yarns per incll to 250 yarns per inch. It is preferred that the MD cover provided by the yarns is between 80% and lO0~. For example, Wit}l the pre~erred yarn size o~ .0045 inc}les wovell Zoo M~ yarns per inch, the MD cover is 90%.
layers 12, 14 are interwoven with a system of machine direction (MD) yarns 21-28 in a repeat pattern, as s~lown.
As will be recognized by those skilled in the art, reference to cross machille direction and machine direction is made Wit}l respect to the orientation of the fabric on a papermaking machine. Machine direction is the direction that the fabric travels when iostalled and used on the papermaking equipment; cross machine direction is perpendicular thereto.
Typically, a fabric may be woven flat so tllat the MD yarns are strung as warp on the loom. Where the fabric is woven flat, the fabric ends would be seamed together to form an endless belt when the ~abric is installed on a papermaking equipment. ~owever, the fabric could be woven endless. In endless weaving, the cross machine direction ~ _3_ 20578S6 yarns would normally be the warp. A variety of weaving and seaming techniques are well known in the art including the endless weaving of seamed fabrics.
The papermakers fabric of the present invention is preferably woven with twice as many yarns in the upper CMD
layer 12 than in the lower CMD layer 14. The repeat pattern of eight MD yarns interweaves with sixteen upper layer CMD
yarns and eight of the larger lower layer CMD yarns per repeat.
With reference to Figure 2, the detailed weaving of each MD yarn of the repeat is shown. For example, MD yarn 21 weaves under upper CMD yarns 31, 32 and lower CMD yarn 51, between upper CMD yarn 33 and lower CMD yarn 53, under upper CMD yarns 34, 35, 36 and lower CMD yarn 55, between upper CMD
yarns 37, 38, 39, 40 and lower CMD yarns 57, 59, over upper CMD yarn 41 and lower CMD 61, under upper CMD yarn 42, between upper CMD yarn 43 and lower CMD 63, over upper CMD
yarn 44, between upper CMD yarn 45 and lower CMD yarn 65, and under upper CMD yarn 46 thereafter repeating.
Essentially, each MD yarn weaves between top layer 12 CMD yarns 31-46 and bottom layer 14 CMD yarns 51-65, with each MD yarn weaving over only two individual, separate top layer CMD yarns and under two individual, separate bottom layer CMD yarns:
MD yarn 21 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 41, 44, under bottom CMD yarns 51, 55, and between the other top layer and bottom layer yarns, respectively;
MD yarn 22 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 35, 38, under bottom CMD yarns 61, 65, and between the other top layer and bottom layer yarns, respectively;
and MD yarn 23 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 45, 32, under bottom CMD yarns 55, 59, and between the other top layer and bottom layer yarns, respectively;
MD yarn 24 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 39, 42, under bottom CMD yarns 65, 53, and between the other top layer and bottom layer yarns, respectively;
X~ ' ~ 091/14813 PCT/US91/02032 MD yarn 25 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 33, 36, under bottom CMD yarns 59, 63, and between the other top layer and bottonl layer yarns, respectively;
MD yarJl 26 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 43, 46, under bottom CMD yarns 53, 57, and between the other top layer an~ bottom layer yarns, respectively;
MD y~rn 2;~ weaving over top layer CMD yarns 37, 4~, under bottom CMD yarl1s 63, 51, and between t~le other 1~ top layer and bottom layer yarns, respectively;
MD yarn 28 weaving over top layer CMD yarns 31, 34, under bottom CMD yarns 57, 61, and between t~1e other top layer and bottom layer yarns, respectively.
The interweaviny of the MD yarn system with the upper layer CMD yarns creates knuckles on the top surface of the fabric where the MD yarns weave over the selected top layer CMD yarns. It is preferred that the MD yarns which define the knuckles with respect to the top fabric layer are separated by two upper layer CMD yarns as shown. The 2~ resultant weave pattern de~ines a staggered or non-twill repeat Oll t~le upper ~abric surface.
As best seen in Figure l, the differential size and spacing of the CMD yarn layers combined wit~1 the selected weave pattern of the MD yarn system causes the MV yarns to create a zigzag pattern along the bottom layer of the fabric. For example, MD yarns 21 and 23 both weave under lower layer yarn 55 while intermediate yarn 22 is weaving over upper layer yarn 35. ~s a result MD yarns 21 and 23 gravitate toward each other directly underneath MD yarn 22.
3U Similarly, throughout the repeat pattern alternate MD yarns weave under a commor1 lower CMD yarn while the intermediate MD yarn weaves over an upper CMD yarn. Thus, MD
yarns 22, 24 weave under lower CMD yarn 65 while intermediate MD yarn 23 weaves over upper CMD yarn 45; MD yarns 23, 25 weave under lower CMD yarn 59 wllile intermediate M~ yarn 24 weaves over upper CMV yarn 39; and so forth.
For each lower CMD yarn, there is a spaced pair of MD yarns which weave under that lower layer of yarn while an .
~09ltl4813 PCT/US91/02032 _ 5 `~ 20~78S6 intermediate MD yarn weaves over an upper layer yarn which results in the space~ MD layer yarn pair being displaced towards each other. This produces zigzagging of the MD yarns within the bottom layer of tlle fabric and promotes drainage to facilitate the fabric's function. Furthermore, on the top surface of the fabric, the knuckles de~ined by the MD yarns de~ine a uni~orm paper forming/carryillg surface.
l'he MD yarns are preferably polyester monoLilament .0045 inches in diameter. Preferably the top layer CMD yarns are also polyester- monofilament yarns having a diameter of .0045 inches. In contrast, the bottom layer CMD yarns are signi~icantly larger, beirlg monofilament polyester'yarns havitlg a diameter of .0070 inc}les.
~lthough specific size yarns have been disclosed, the diameter of the MD yarns may range from .0032 to .0250 inc}les, the diameter o~ tlle upper CMD yarns ~rom .0032 to .0300 inches, and the diameter of the lower CMD yarns from .0035-.04S0 inches. Preferably the top layer CMD yarns are in tlle range of 50%-90% of the diameter of the larger bottom layer CM~ yarns.
Although polyester and/or polya~ide yarns are preierred, it will be recognized by those of ordinary skill il~ the art t~lat other types of yarns may be employed where the demands of the speci~ic application make other materials preferable.
~fter weaving, the rabric is heat set in a conventional manner to finish the fabric. Preferably, the fabric is woven to finish with 200 MD yarns per inch and 150 CMD yarns per inch. Where the yarn size is varied (in accordance with the ranges set forth above), the yarn count per illC}I will correspondingly vary resulting in the MD yarn system beiny woven to ~inisll from 40 yarns per incll to 250 yarns per inch. It is preferred that the MD cover provided by the yarns is between 80% and lO0~. For example, Wit}l the pre~erred yarn size o~ .0045 inc}les wovell Zoo M~ yarns per inch, the MD cover is 90%.
3 PCT/US91/02032 ~
-~- 20578~6 The CMD yarns are preferably woven to finish in the range of 75 yarns per incll to 1~5 yarns per inch comprising twice as many upper CMD yarns than lower CMD yarns. This results in t~e lower CMU yarns being woven to finis~l from 25 to 65 yarns per inch.
Other variations Wit}li.n tlle scope an~ spirit of the invelltion will ~e apparent to tl~ose of ordinary skill in the art.
* * *
-~- 20578~6 The CMD yarns are preferably woven to finish in the range of 75 yarns per incll to 1~5 yarns per inch comprising twice as many upper CMD yarns than lower CMD yarns. This results in t~e lower CMU yarns being woven to finis~l from 25 to 65 yarns per inch.
Other variations Wit}li.n tlle scope an~ spirit of the invelltion will ~e apparent to tl~ose of ordinary skill in the art.
* * *
Claims (19)
1. A papermakers forming fabric comprising a system of MD
yarns interwoven with upper and lower CMD yarn layers characterized in that:
the lower CMD yarn layer has a selected number of yarns per mm;
the upper CMD yarn layer has twice said selected number of yarns per mm;
said upper layer CMD yarns being of a smaller diameter than said lower layer CMD yarns; and the system of MD yarns is interwoven with said CMD yarn layers in a repeat pattern such that:
a) each MD yarn interweaves under at least a first individual lower layer CMD yarns, and b) the order of the repeat of the MD yarns is staggered such that alternate MD yarns are paired and weave under a common individual lower layer CMD yarn whereby the MD
yarns zigzag on the underside of said fabric.
yarns interwoven with upper and lower CMD yarn layers characterized in that:
the lower CMD yarn layer has a selected number of yarns per mm;
the upper CMD yarn layer has twice said selected number of yarns per mm;
said upper layer CMD yarns being of a smaller diameter than said lower layer CMD yarns; and the system of MD yarns is interwoven with said CMD yarn layers in a repeat pattern such that:
a) each MD yarn interweaves under at least a first individual lower layer CMD yarns, and b) the order of the repeat of the MD yarns is staggered such that alternate MD yarns are paired and weave under a common individual lower layer CMD yarn whereby the MD
yarns zigzag on the underside of said fabric.
2. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the selected number of CMD
yarns per mm is in the range of 1-3 yarns per mm, the diameter of the lower CMD yarns is in the range of .0889 - 1.143 mm and the diameter of the upper CMD yarns is in the range of .08128 -.7620 mm such that the upper CMD yarn diameter is in the range of 50-90% of the lower CMD yarn diameter.
yarns per mm is in the range of 1-3 yarns per mm, the diameter of the lower CMD yarns is in the range of .0889 - 1.143 mm and the diameter of the upper CMD yarns is in the range of .08128 -.7620 mm such that the upper CMD yarn diameter is in the range of 50-90% of the lower CMD yarn diameter.
3. The fabric of claim 1 wherein said repeat pattern comprises eight lower layer CMD yarns and sixteen upper layer CMD
yarns interwoven with a system of eight MD yarns.
yarns interwoven with a system of eight MD yarns.
4. The fabric of claim 3 wherein each respective MD yarn interweaves:
a) with respect to said lower CMD layer, under only first and second individual non-adjacent lower CMD yarns, and b) with respect to said upper CMD layer, over only first and second individual non-adjacent CMD layer yarns.
a) with respect to said lower CMD layer, under only first and second individual non-adjacent lower CMD yarns, and b) with respect to said upper CMD layer, over only first and second individual non-adjacent CMD layer yarns.
5. The fabric of claim 4 wherein said respective first and second lower CMD yarns interwoven with each respective MD yarn are separated by one intermediate lower CMD yarn and wherein said respective first and second upper CMD yarns interwoven with each respective MD yarn are separated by two intermediate upper CMD
yarns.
yarns.
6. The fabric of claim 5 wherein with respect to each MD
yarns of said repeat, said first, second and one intermediate lower layer yarns are not directly under said first, second or two intermediate upper CMD yarns.
yarns of said repeat, said first, second and one intermediate lower layer yarns are not directly under said first, second or two intermediate upper CMD yarns.
7. The fabric of claim 1 wherein an intermediate MD yarn between each paired MD yarns weaves over an upper CMD yarn directly above the lower CMD yarn under which the paired MD yarns commonly weave.
8. The fabric of claim 7 wherein the yarns are polyester monofilament yarns, the selected number of CMD yarns per mm is approximately 2 yarns per mm, the diameter of the lower CMD yarns is .1778 mm, the diameter of the upper CMD yarns is .1143 mm, the diameter of the MD yarns is .1143 mm and the MD yarns are approximately 8 yarns per mm.
9. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the diameter of the MD
yarns is in the range of .08128 - .6350 mm, and the MD yarns are in the range of 1-10 yarns per mm such that the MD cover is in the range of 80-100%.
yarns is in the range of .08128 - .6350 mm, and the MD yarns are in the range of 1-10 yarns per mm such that the MD cover is in the range of 80-100%.
10. A papermakers forming fabric comprising a system of MD
yarns interwoven with upper and lower CMD yarn layers characterized in that:
the lower CMD yarn layer has a selected number of yarns per mm;
the upper CMD yarn layer has twice said selected number of yarns per mm;
said upper layer CMD yarns being of a smaller diameter than said lower layer CMD yarns;
the system of MD yarns is interwoven with said CMD yarn layers in a repeat pattern with each MD yarn interwoven:
a) with respect to said lower CMD layer, under only first and second individual non-adjacent lower CMD yarns, and b) with respect to said upper CMD layer, over only first and second individual non-adjacent CMD layer yarns;
and the order of the repeat of the MD yarns is staggered such that alternate MD yarns are paired and weave under a common individual lower layer CMD yarn and an intermediate MD yarn between each paired MD yarn weaves over an upper CMD yarn directly above the lower CMD yarn under which the paired MD yarns commonly weave, whereby the MD yarns zigzag on the underside of said fabric.
yarns interwoven with upper and lower CMD yarn layers characterized in that:
the lower CMD yarn layer has a selected number of yarns per mm;
the upper CMD yarn layer has twice said selected number of yarns per mm;
said upper layer CMD yarns being of a smaller diameter than said lower layer CMD yarns;
the system of MD yarns is interwoven with said CMD yarn layers in a repeat pattern with each MD yarn interwoven:
a) with respect to said lower CMD layer, under only first and second individual non-adjacent lower CMD yarns, and b) with respect to said upper CMD layer, over only first and second individual non-adjacent CMD layer yarns;
and the order of the repeat of the MD yarns is staggered such that alternate MD yarns are paired and weave under a common individual lower layer CMD yarn and an intermediate MD yarn between each paired MD yarn weaves over an upper CMD yarn directly above the lower CMD yarn under which the paired MD yarns commonly weave, whereby the MD yarns zigzag on the underside of said fabric.
11. A papermakers forming fabric comprising a system of MD
yarns interwoven with upper and lower CMD yarn layers characterized in that:
the lower CMD yarn layer has a selected number of yarns per mm;
the upper CMD yarn layer has twice said selected number of yarns per mm;
said upper layer CMD yarns being of a smaller diameter than said lower layer CMD yarns; and the system of MD yarns is interwoven with said CMD yarn layers in a repeat pattern with each MD yarn interwoven:
a) with respect to said lower CMD layer, under only first and second individual non-adjacent lower CMD yarns, and b) with respect to said upper CMD layer, over only first and second individual non-adjacent CMD layer yarns.
yarns interwoven with upper and lower CMD yarn layers characterized in that:
the lower CMD yarn layer has a selected number of yarns per mm;
the upper CMD yarn layer has twice said selected number of yarns per mm;
said upper layer CMD yarns being of a smaller diameter than said lower layer CMD yarns; and the system of MD yarns is interwoven with said CMD yarn layers in a repeat pattern with each MD yarn interwoven:
a) with respect to said lower CMD layer, under only first and second individual non-adjacent lower CMD yarns, and b) with respect to said upper CMD layer, over only first and second individual non-adjacent CMD layer yarns.
12. The fabric of claim 11 wherein the selected number of CMD
yarns per mm is in the range of 1-3 yarns per mm, the diameter of the lower CMD yarns is in the range of .0889 - 1.143 mm and the diameter of the upper CMD yarns is in the range of .08128 -.7620 mm such that the upper CMD yarn diameter is in the range of 50-90% of the lower CMD yarn diameter.
yarns per mm is in the range of 1-3 yarns per mm, the diameter of the lower CMD yarns is in the range of .0889 - 1.143 mm and the diameter of the upper CMD yarns is in the range of .08128 -.7620 mm such that the upper CMD yarn diameter is in the range of 50-90% of the lower CMD yarn diameter.
13. The fabric of claim 11 wherein said repeat pattern comprises eight lower layer CMD yarns and sixteen upper layer CMD
yarns interwoven with a system of eight MD yarns.
yarns interwoven with a system of eight MD yarns.
14. The fabric of claim 13 wherein said respective first and second lower CMD yarns interwoven with each respective MD yarn are separated by one intermediate lower CMD yarn and wherein said respective first and second upper CMD yarns interwoven with each respective MD yarn are separated by two intermediate upper CMD
yarns.
yarns.
15. The fabric of claim 14 wherein with respect to each MD
yarns of said repeat, said first, second and one intermediate lower layer yarns not directly under said first, second or two intermediate upper CMD yarns.
yarns of said repeat, said first, second and one intermediate lower layer yarns not directly under said first, second or two intermediate upper CMD yarns.
16. The fabric of claim 15 wherein the order of the repeat of the MD yarns is staggered such that alternate MD yarns are paired and weave under a common lower layer CMD yarn whereby the MD yarns zigzag on the underside of said fabric.
17. The fabric of claim 16 wherein an intermediate MD yarn between each paired MD yarns weaves over an upper CMD yarn directly above the lower CMD yarn under which the paired MD yarns commonly weave.
18. The fabric of claim 17 wherein the yarns are polyester monofilament yarns, the selected number of CMD yarns per mm is approximately 2 yarns per mm, the diameter of the lower CMD yarns is .1778 mm, the diameter of the upper CMD yarn is .1143 mm, the diameter of the MD yarns is .1143 mm and the MD yarns are approximately 8 yarns per mm.
19. The fabric of claim 11 wherein the diameter of the MD
yarns is in the range of .08128-.6350 mm, and the MD yarns are in the range of 1-10 yarns per mm such that the MD cover is in the range of 80-100%.
yarns is in the range of .08128-.6350 mm, and the MD yarns are in the range of 1-10 yarns per mm such that the MD cover is in the range of 80-100%.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/501,237 US5025839A (en) | 1990-03-29 | 1990-03-29 | Two-ply papermakers forming fabric with zig-zagging MD yarns |
| US07/501,237 | 1990-03-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2057856A1 CA2057856A1 (en) | 1991-09-30 |
| CA2057856C true CA2057856C (en) | 1995-05-16 |
Family
ID=23992688
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002057856A Expired - Fee Related CA2057856C (en) | 1990-03-29 | 1991-03-26 | Two-ply papermakers forming fabric |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5025839A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0474856B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE130056T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU642012B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2057856C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69114419T2 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO178633C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ237571A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991014813A1 (en) |
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| US5500277A (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1996-03-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Multiple layer, multiple opacity backside textured belt |
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| GB9520516D0 (en) * | 1995-10-05 | 1995-12-13 | Scapa Group Plc | Fabric |
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| US5954097A (en) * | 1996-08-14 | 1999-09-21 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Papermaking fabric having bilaterally alternating tie yarns |
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| US20040099328A1 (en) * | 2002-11-21 | 2004-05-27 | Rougvie David S. | Forming fabric with twinned top wefts and an extra layer of middle wefts |
| US7008512B2 (en) * | 2002-11-21 | 2006-03-07 | Albany International Corp. | Fabric with three vertically stacked wefts with twinned forming wefts |
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| WO2004061183A1 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2004-07-22 | Albany International Corp. | Hydroentangling using a fabric having flat filaments |
| US6837277B2 (en) | 2003-01-30 | 2005-01-04 | Weavexx Corporation | Papermaker's forming fabric |
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| US7243687B2 (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2007-07-17 | Weavexx Corporation | Papermaker's forming fabric with twice as many bottom MD yarns as top MD yarns |
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| US7484538B2 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2009-02-03 | Weavexx Corporation | Papermaker's triple layer forming fabric with non-uniform top CMD floats |
| US7219701B2 (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-05-22 | Weavexx Corporation | Papermaker's forming fabric with machine direction stitching yarns that form machine side knuckles |
| US7275566B2 (en) | 2006-02-27 | 2007-10-02 | Weavexx Corporation | Warped stitched papermaker's forming fabric with fewer effective top MD yarns than bottom MD yarns |
| US7580229B2 (en) | 2006-04-27 | 2009-08-25 | Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands B.V. | Current-perpendicular-to-the-plane (CPP) magnetoresistive sensor with antiparallel-free layer structure and low current-induced noise |
| US7487805B2 (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2009-02-10 | Weavexx Corporation | Papermaker's forming fabric with cross-direction yarn stitching and ratio of top machined direction yarns to bottom machine direction yarns of less than 1 |
| US7624766B2 (en) | 2007-03-16 | 2009-12-01 | Weavexx Corporation | Warped stitched papermaker's forming fabric |
| US20090183795A1 (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2009-07-23 | Kevin John Ward | Multi-Layer Papermaker's Forming Fabric With Long Machine Side MD Floats |
| US7766053B2 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-08-03 | Weavexx Corporation | Multi-layer papermaker's forming fabric with alternating paired and single top CMD yarns |
| JP5281877B2 (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2013-09-04 | 日本フイルコン株式会社 | Industrial two-layer fabric |
| US8251103B2 (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2012-08-28 | Weavexx Corporation | Papermaker's forming fabric with engineered drainage channels |
| JP6509692B2 (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2019-05-08 | 日本フエルト株式会社 | Papermaking fabrics |
| JP6114793B2 (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-04-12 | 日本フエルト株式会社 | Paper fabric |
| DE102019106769A1 (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-24 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Fabrics and technical textiles |
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| FR2346489A1 (en) * | 1976-04-02 | 1977-10-28 | Martel Catala Et Cie Sa Ets | IMPROVEMENTS IN CANVAS FOR PAPER MACHINES AND THEIR MANUFACTURING PROCESSES |
| CH630974A5 (en) * | 1977-12-15 | 1982-07-15 | Siebtuchfabrik Ag | The papermaker. |
| US4314589A (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1982-02-09 | Jwi Ltd. | Duplex forming fabric |
| DE3036409C2 (en) * | 1980-09-26 | 1983-01-20 | Hermann Wangner Gmbh & Co Kg, 7410 Reutlingen | Double-layer screen for the screen part of a paper machine |
| US4361618A (en) * | 1981-05-18 | 1982-11-30 | Ascoe Felts, Inc. | Papermakers felt with improved drainage |
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| DE3224187C2 (en) * | 1982-06-29 | 1989-01-12 | Hermann Wangner Gmbh & Co Kg, 7410 Reutlingen | Bandage fabric as a covering for the sheet forming area of a paper machine |
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| DE3426264A1 (en) * | 1984-07-17 | 1986-01-30 | Franz F. 5160 Düren Kufferath | DRAINAGE TAPE FOR PRESSES IN THE WET OF A PAPER MACHINE |
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| DE3705345A1 (en) * | 1987-02-19 | 1988-09-01 | Oberdorfer Fa F | COMPOSITE FABRIC AS A COVER FOR THE SHEET FORMING PART OF A PAPER MACHINE |
| US4967805A (en) * | 1989-05-23 | 1990-11-06 | B.I. Industries, Inc. | Multi-ply forming fabric providing varying widths of machine direction drainage channels |
-
1990
- 1990-03-29 US US07/501,237 patent/US5025839A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-03-26 EP EP91907764A patent/EP0474856B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-26 DE DE69114419T patent/DE69114419T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-26 CA CA002057856A patent/CA2057856C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-26 WO PCT/US1991/002032 patent/WO1991014813A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-03-26 AU AU76549/91A patent/AU642012B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-03-26 AT AT91907764T patent/ATE130056T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-03-26 NZ NZ237571A patent/NZ237571A/en unknown
- 1991-11-28 NO NO914687A patent/NO178633C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5025839A (en) | 1991-06-25 |
| NZ237571A (en) | 1992-09-25 |
| EP0474856A1 (en) | 1992-03-18 |
| DE69114419T2 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
| EP0474856B1 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
| WO1991014813A1 (en) | 1991-10-03 |
| NO914687L (en) | 1991-11-28 |
| DE69114419D1 (en) | 1995-12-14 |
| NO914687D0 (en) | 1991-11-28 |
| CA2057856A1 (en) | 1991-09-30 |
| AU642012B2 (en) | 1993-10-07 |
| NO178633C (en) | 1996-05-02 |
| AU7654991A (en) | 1991-10-21 |
| NO178633B (en) | 1996-01-22 |
| ATE130056T1 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |