CA2082681A1 - Anti-static rinse added fabric softeners - Google Patents

Anti-static rinse added fabric softeners

Info

Publication number
CA2082681A1
CA2082681A1 CA002082681A CA2082681A CA2082681A1 CA 2082681 A1 CA2082681 A1 CA 2082681A1 CA 002082681 A CA002082681 A CA 002082681A CA 2082681 A CA2082681 A CA 2082681A CA 2082681 A1 CA2082681 A1 CA 2082681A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
polymer
group
fabric softening
softening composition
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002082681A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Curtis Schwartz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rohm and Haas Co
Original Assignee
Curtis Schwartz
Rohm And Haas Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Curtis Schwartz, Rohm And Haas Company filed Critical Curtis Schwartz
Publication of CA2082681A1 publication Critical patent/CA2082681A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/001Softening compositions
    • C11D3/0015Softening compositions liquid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37Polymers
    • C11D3/3746Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3757(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
    • C11D3/3765(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in liquid compositions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37Polymers
    • C11D3/3746Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3769(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
    • C11D3/3773(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines in liquid compositions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37Polymers
    • C11D3/3788Graft polymers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S516/00Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
    • Y10S516/01Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
    • Y10S516/07Organic amine, amide, or n-base containing

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
This invention relates to a method of enhancing the anti-static properties of fabrics by treating them, during the -laundering process, with compositions containing water-soluble polymer. More specifically, this invention relates to the addition of these polymers to fabric softener compositions used during the rinse cycle of the laundering process.

Description

2~8'~8 ~

FIELD OF Tt IE INVENTION
This inv~ntion relates to a method of enhancing the anti-static properties of fabrics by treating them, during the laundering process, with compositions containing water-soluble polyrner. More specifically, this invention relates to the arldition of these polymers to fabric softener compositions used during the rinse cycle of the launderin~ process.

:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Fabric softener compositions have been in commercial use for many yaars as treatments for laundered ~abrics. Fabric softeners are generally employed as dryer-added sheets or as rinse-added fabric softeners. Fabric softeners impart favorable properties to the fabric such as enhanced softness, increased fluffiness, reduced leveis of static electricity and easier ironin~.
.; , A modern laundering process utilizing an automatic washing machine typically washes laundry in four stages.
During the first stage, a wash cycle, the laundry is agitated in ~32~

water containing a detergent. Next, during a first spin cycle, wash liquor is removed and the laundry is spun to remove excess wa~er. This cycle is followed by a rinse cycle where the washing machine tub i5 filled with clean water, a rinse-added Fabric softener is optionally added, and the laundry is again agitated. A final spin cycle removes the rinse liquor and the laundry is again spun to remove excess water. Following the laundering process, the laundry is either hung until dry or `; placed in an automatic dryer, optionally adding a dryer-added fabric softener sheet to the dryer.
Rinse-added fabric soft2ners are gansrally dilute aqueous suspensions or dispersions of cationic softening agents such as quaternary ammonium cornpounds. Typically, the quatemary ammonium compounds are salts of the formula:
r.~ R1 ~R4 1 +--R21X-where R1,R2,R3, and R4 are lipophilic organic substituents and X
is a halogen. The positively charged cation is readily adsorbed 2 ~ g ~ ~

onto surfaces of fabric being laundered. This deposition of the cation onto the fabric imparts enhanced softness to the fabric and diminishes the static electricity buiit up on the fabric suflace.
Dryer-added sheets also employ quaternary ammonium salts to enhance softness and reduce the levei of statio electricity. In manufacturing the sheets, ~he quaternary amrnonium salts are sprayed or coated onto a non-woven fabric, or they are added directly to the formulation used to make the non-woven fabric.
Severai attempts hava been made to enhance the softness and anti-static properties o~ rinse~added fabric softener through the addition of polymeric compounds.
British Patent No. 1,549,180 to ~umbrell et al. teaches a composition useful for treating fabric in the final rinse of the laundering process. This composition contains a cationic quaternary ammonium compound with one or rmore long chain alkyl groups, and a silicone compound, such as a linear fluorinated polysiloxane. Through the use of this linear . 3 silicone compound, it is purported that in addition to fabric softening benefi~s, this compound also imparts the benefits of easier ironin~, anti-static properties, and soil resistant properties.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,908,140 to Bausch et al. reports a similar composition as that reported in l:)umbrell et al. However, Bausch et al. found that through the use of an aqueous emulsion ; ~ of a highly branched or crosslinked silicone polymer, as compared to the linear compounds of Dumbrell et al., the rewettability of fabrics was enhanced in addition to the softness.
'i~ U.S. Pat. No. 4,326,965 disoloses a liquid fabric softening composition containing a cationic fabric softening agent and a polymeric additive such as polyethylerle glycol with a molecular weight of 6,000. By the inclusion of polyethylene glycol, fabric softening compositions are prepared that are water-dispersable and pourable and can be rnore easily dispensed by an automatic ctosing device into the rinse cycle on an automatic washing machine. No change in softening 2~

properties was reported.
Japanese Patent Application J 89-023585-B acldresses the problem of inferior softening and anti-static performance of fabric sofleners on synthetic fib~rs as compared to cotton fibers. By using a softening composition containing cationic surfactant, such as a quaternary ammonium salt, and a carboxylic acid type anionic compound, thc depssition of the quaternary ammonium salt onto synthetic fibers is increased.
This softening composition containing the carboxylic acid type anionic compound is reported to lead to equivalent softening and antistatic properties on synthetic fibers as prior known compositions led to with cotton fibers. No improvsment was reported tor cotton fabrics. In addition, unlike the poiymers used in the compositions of the present invention, many of the polymers used in Japanese Patent Application J 89-023585-B
are not compatible with rinse-added fabric softener composltlons.

:
SUMMAP~Y OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a method of enhancing the anti-static properties of all types of fabrics by ~reating them, during the launderin~ process, with compositions containing water-soluble polymers. More sp~cifically, this invention relates to the aclclition of water-solllbie polymers to fabric softener compositions used during the rinse cycle of th~
laundering process. Furthermore, when added in effective amounts, the water-soluble polymers are compatible with rinse-added fabric softener compositions.

DETAILED DESCI'IIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is concerned with an improved rinse-added fabric softener composition. The rinse-added fabric softener composition of the present invention contains a water-soluble polymer found to be useful in improving the anti-static properties. The polymers found to be useful in the composition of the present invention include, for example, the polymers disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,797,223 ('223), 2~2 commonly assigned to the same assignee o~ the present invention and hereby incorporated by reference. In addition, it has also been discovered that the polyrners of the '223 patent can be further modified and be effective in the compositions of the present invention. Another group of polymers effective in the cornpositicn of the present invention include certain graft copolymers.
The first group of water-soluble polymers useful in the composition of the present inven$ion include two broad structural classes. The polymers in these two classes share several important characteristics. First, polymers in both classes are prapared from at least one monomer sel~cted from ethylenically unsaturated C3-C6 monocarboxylic acids and their salts, and ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid, their salts, and their anhydrides. Examples of the monocarboxylic acids include acryiic acid and sodium acrylate, and examples of the sthylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid include rnaleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, mesaconic acid, fumaric acid and citraconic acid. Second, the ~2~

polymers of this first group include either; a "surfa~tant"
radical containing a hydrophobic group, for example a (C1-C1g) hydrocarbyl group, linked to a polyalkylenoxy group; or a polyalkylenoxy group.
D~pending on the preparativa process employed, the surfactant radical can optionally contain a portion of a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated "surfactant monomer"
which is copolymerized with the acid, the anhydride and/or acid salt comonomer, or the radical can comprise a portion of an alcohol used to es~erify or transesterify a polymer including carboxylic acid and/or carboxylic acid ester radicals.
As a third alternativc, the radical can c:omprise a portion of a mercaptan-functional chain transfer age~nt used in polymerizing monomer including ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acicl, anhydride and/or salts of such monomer.
In addition to residues of polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, surfactant radicals and polyalkylenoxy grnups, the water~
soluble polymors of this first group can optionally include 2 ~

residues of "carboxylate-free" rnonomers. By "carboxylate-freel' monomer it is meant an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable monomer not having pendent carboxylic acid and/or carboxylate salt functionality. An example of a carboxylate-free monomer is ethyl acrylate. Typically, ths carboxylate-free monomer is copolymerized with the rnonocarboxylic acid and/or th@ clicarboxylic acid monomer. A
"carboxylate-free" monomer can include a surfactant radical, such as in the case of an allyl ether-functional surfactant monomer.
The water-soluble polymers in the first structural class of this first group of polymers share a common structural feature. The surfactant radical, the polyalkylenoxy group, or a combination thereof, can be positioned at any site along the "backbone" of the polymer chain, the "backbone" being viewed as made up of a sequence of alkylene groups which can have pendent carbonyl raciicais. The surfactant radicals or the polyalkylenoxy groups are thus covalently linked to one or more sites along the polymer chain.

: `
~ ~ ~0~2~

The water-solllble polymsrs of the second structural class of the polymers in the first group have the surfactant radical, or the polyalkylenoxy group, or a combination thereof, at one terminus of the polymer chain. For example, whorl the surfactant radical is used, polymers in this structural class are typically prepared by including a chain transfer agent bearing the surfactant radical in the polyrnerization reaction mixture. Tha polymerization o7 individual polymer molecules is terminated by the chain transfer a~ent. The chain transfer process results in the surfactant radical being covalently linked to the terminus of the polymer chain.
The polymers in this first group that are useful in the cornposition of the present invention are prepared according to the methods described in the '223 paterlt and in U.S. Patent Application No. 463,096, filed on January 10,1990, commonly assigned to th~ same assignee of tha present invention and herein incorporated by reference.
Another group of polyrners useful in the composition of the present invention are graft copolymers formecl from . .

g ~

polymerized units of i) alkylene oxides, alkoxylates and cornbinations thereof, ii) ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers and, optionally, iii) carboxylate-free monomers. Examples of (i), the alkylene oxides arid alkoxylates include polymers based on athylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and combinations thereof.
Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, vinylacetic acid, acryloxypropionic acid and combinations thereof. The carboxylate-free monomer includes any monomer copolymerizable with (i3 and (ii~.
Thsse graft polymers differ from the polymers of the first group described above in that these polym~rs are iormed by the graftin~ of carboxylic acid monomers, or polymers formed from carboxylic aoid monomers and/or oarboxylate-free monomers, onto a polyalkylene oxide substrate by way of abstracting a hydrogen from the polyalkylene oxide substrate.
These graft polymers can be formed by way of either an % ~

agu20us polymerization process utilizing water-soluble, free-radical forming initiators ancl a metal salt, as described in U.S.
Patent Applioation No. 441,122, filed on November 22, 1989, commonly assign~3d to the same assignee of the present invention and herein incorporated by refererlce, or by a non-aqueous graft polymerization process.
The polymers useful in the cornpositions of the present invention rnust be cornpatible with rinse-added fabric softener compositions when added in effective amounts. It has been found that it is preferable to polymerize the polymers used in the composition of the present invention in a nonaqueous solvent or even more preferably to perform the polymerizations without any solvent present at all. Even though the polymers prepared in an aqueous solution polymerization are suitable for use in the composition of the present invention, it is believed the aqueous systems iead to a higher amoun~ of residual homopolymer. It is further believed that it is these homopolymers that lead to poor compatibility with rinse-added fabric softening composition.

2 0 ~

The polymer should be added to ~he rinse-added fabric softener such that it is present in the fabric softening composition at a concentration of from about 0.5 to 18 percent by weight, more preferably from about 0.5 to 3.5 percent by weight, and even more preferabiy from about 0.5 to 2 percent by weight based on the total weight of the composition. The fabric softening composition of the present invention may also be in concentrate form, whereby it is preferable for the polymer level to be from about 2 to about 18 percent by vveight based on the total weight of the cornposition. It is als preferable to neutralize the polymer, for example with sodium hydroxide, before mixing the polyrner with the fabric softening composition. in addition, the composition contains from about 25 to 95 percent water by weight based on the total weight of .
the composition and from about 2 to 60 percent by weight of a cationic softening agent. The fabric softening compositions of the present invention can be used in either the home laundering process or the industrial laundering process and therefore the composition may depend on the speoific use.

.
Besides the polymer, water and cationic softening agents, the composition may further contain other normal adjuvants well known to those skilled in ths art. For example, viscosity modifiers, germicides, fluorescers, perfumes including deodorizing perfumes, organic or inorganic acids, soil resistant agents, colorants, anti-oxidants, anti-yellowing agents and ironing aids. These additives can be incorporated into the composition either alone or in suitable carriers.
Besides water, the composition may also include other solvents such as a lower alkanol, a glycol, a glycolether and the like.
In addition, the fabric softening compositions of the present invention can be prepared as either a ready-to-use composition or as a concentrate. If it is in the concentrate form, it can be diluted with an appropriate solvent, for example water, before US2.
The invention will now be illustrated by the following non-limiting examples. In the following examples, percentage composition is by weight.

-2~3~

Examples 1 and 2 PQ~Yrn~r Pre~ tion ~mp!e 1 To a two liter, 4 neck flask equipped wi~h a mechanical stirr0r, reflux condens0r, and inlets ~or the gradual addition of monomer, was added 225 grams of polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG, molecuiar weight 1000). The PEG was heated to 150C
and then 75 grams of glacial acrylic acid and 3.75 grams di-t-butyl peroxide were added ovsr a period of one hour. Once the addition was completed, the contents of the reaction flask were held at 150C for an additional 30 minutes and then allowed to cool to ambient temperature.

. .

--` 2a~2~

Example 2 The same procedure as exarnple 1 was followed except 260 grams of polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG, molecular weight 8,000), 140 grams glacial acrylic acid, and 14 grams di-t-butylperoxide were used in the preparation of the sample.

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Several different types of polymers were added at a 2%
active polymer concentration to Snuygle~ (a trademark of Lever Brothers) fabric softener, Downy~ (a trademark of the Procter & Gamble Co.~ fabric softener and a fabric softener formulation made in our laboratory. The cornposition was stirred for one hour. If a precipitate was observed in any of the compositions, the polymer was classified as incompatible.
Test results are shown in Table 1.

2 ~

TAE~LE I

polyacrylic acid AA/(12 EO/12-15 C~2 70 AAt30 maleic anhydride AA/(10 EO/16 C) 77 AA/23 AMPS AA/(40 EO/16 C) 70 AA/30 MA AA/PE(3-Example 1 AA/PEG grafts (aqueous)3 (non-aqueous)3 29% PEG 8000 29% PEG 1000 29% PEG 3400 44% PEG 3400 ~: AA/( 12 EO/1 2-l 5 C)2 (aqueous)3 1. AA _ acrylic acid, AMPS = 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, MA = methacrylic acid, PEG a polyethylene glycol The ~E~O/C) designation indicates the number of carbon atoms in alkyl group and .- degree of ethylene oxide polymerization in the alcohol ethoxylate.
2. The alcohol athoxylate used to prepare these polymers was Neodol0 (trademark of Shell Chemical Company) 25-12 surfactant.
3. The designation aqueous and nonaqueous indicate the method used to prepare the polymers.

:.
:' ` 17 .. .
:.

2 ~ ;3 i~

mes~
Test cloths were purchased from Testfabrics, Inc.
Middlesex, I~J.J. The size of each test cloth was twelve square inches and ~h~ cloths were composed of the following types of fabrics; 100 percent nylon; 100 percent cotton; 100 percent acrylic; 100 percent polyester; and 65 percent polyester/35 percent cotton (poly/cotton). In addition, 100 percent cotton bed-sheets were used during the laundering process to provide ballast to the machine's load.
Kenmore~ heavy duty automatic washers, 80 series, were used for cloth washing and treating. Water fill levels were set on high, corresponding to ~pproximately 84 liters of water, and the water temperature settings were warm for the wash cycle and cold for the rinse cycle. These temperature settings corresponded to about 100F wash cycle and 70F
rinse temperatures. After the vvash cycle, the cloths were dried in an electric dryer.
A Keithly model 610(:; Electrometer equipped with a model 2501 static probe was used to measure static charge on 2 ~

the fabric.
Initially, the experimental cloths and ~he cotton bed-sheets were machine-washed with Tide~ (a trademark of Procter & Gamble Co.) laundry detsrgent granules and rinsed until the cloths were free from any foam. This step was used to remove any non-permanent coatin~s present on the fabric as a result of the manufacturing process. Then, in the actual testing of the various rinse-added fabric softeners of the present invention, the experimental cloths were added to the machine, along with the cotton sheets, and the machine was run through a regular wash cycle. In the wash cycle, when the water level was reached, 1/2 dose of heavy duty laundry detergent was added, either Tide~ liquid laundry detergent or Wisk~ (a trademark of Lever Brothers) laundry cletergent. At the start of the rinse cycle, when the desired water level was reachad and agitation started, the rinse-added fabric softener was added. Unless otherwise indicated in the Tables, the dose of fabric softener added was one capful, equal to 90 ml.
Once the claaning, rinse and spin cycles were complated, 3 ~ ,~

the fabrics were placed in the dryer for one to two hours7 removed from the dryer and then passed under the static probe to measure the values recorded in volts. .
The polymers useful in this inven~ion were added to ~ .;
various commercially available rinse-added fabric softeners.
., .
They were added at the percentages shown in the tables.
Specifically used were Snuggle~ fabric softener and Downy~
fabric sof$ener Table li-VI show the results of testing with no additives, with commercially available rinse-added fabric softener and with commercially available rinse-added fabric softeners and polymer. The polymers shown in Table I and 11 (po!ymer A and B) are compositionally the same. The difference is that polymer B was added as a 70 percent by weight solution of polymer in propylene glycol. Table 111 contains comparative data showing the absence of any anti-static effect due to the propylene glycol. With all of the types of fabrics test~d, including cotton (see Table IV), the added polymer improves the anti-static properties of the fabric.

~0 Tables Vll and Vlll show the anti-static properties wi~h no additives, with added ca~ionic softening agents and with cationic softening agen~ and added copolymer of Example 1.
Again, the anti-static proper~ies of the fabrics tested wcrs improved when the polymer was added to the rinse treatment.
These results can be compared to the results in Table IX where only polyethylene glycol was added and only limited effectiveness on certain fabrics was achieved.
,:

tL-St~ti~ t ~roç~:ln~
Nylon, polyester/cotton, polyester test fabrics, and cotton ballast (3 pounds~ were washed in an Eumenia model EU-340 European Style mini-washer. The laundering cycle and wash/rinse formula was adjusted to simulate industrial and institutional conditions. This consisted of a 15 rninute wash (soft water, 90C, 400 ppm Triton~ (tradernark of the Union Carbide Company) N-101 surfactant, 2500 ppm NaOH, and 0.5 grams used cooking oil as background soil) followecl by three sequential 2 minute rinses. The final rinse pH was adjusted to .21 5 7 with 25% H2SO4, followed by the addition of the softener/anti-static agent to bring the concentration of actives in the wash bath to the levels indicated in Tabls X. The final rinse lasted 10 minutes. Measurement of static charge is the same as described for domestic laundry testing. The anti-static test results for the industrial testing can be seen in Table X.

The standard deviatinn of all the voltage measurements given in the following tables varies, but is approximately 20%
of the measured value.

~n~m~

~Q~m~ AGRYLiC ~
None 18,000 13,000 4,500 Snuggle0 6,000 9,000 2,000 Snuggle~ ~ 3,000 6,300 3,000 0.5% Polymer B*
Snuggle~ + 100 100 500 1.5% Polymer B
Snuggle~ + 10 100 500 2.5% Polymer B
~ .
~30% AA/70% (12 EO/12-15 G), DP = 20. The alcohol ethoxylate used to . prepare this polymer was Neodol~ (trademark of Shell Chemical Company) 25-12. Polymer B was added as a 70% by weight solution of polymer in propylene glycol.
~' . .

.

.,~

:,. . . .

~ yo~
~çrylic ~IY!QQ
None 22,300 1 6,70û 3,700 Snuggle~ 5,3003,700 2,300 Snuggla~ + 2% Polym~r A1 500 600 1,200 Snuggle~ + 2% Polymer B2 B00 1,200 600 Snuggle~ + 1% propylene 8,0006,000 900 glycol ______ __ ________ __ 1. 30% AAJ70% (12 EO/12-15 C), DP = 20. The alcohol ethoxylate used to prepare this polymer was Neodoi~ 25-12.
2. Polymer B is the same as Polymer A except Polymer B was used as a 70% by weight solution of polymer in propylene glycol.

~4 ., ~ Q

.~ ~
. .

None 20,300 17,800 11,800 3,000 Snug~le~ 10,500 3,100 2,000 3,400 Snuggle~ ~ Polymer E1 300200 400 200 Snuggle~ + Polymer F2 4,1001,900 2,400 800 Snuggle~ ~ Polymer G3 1,3001,200 1,10û 1,600 '~

- 1. AA/(40 EO/16 C), DP=20, 2 (40 EO/16 C) units per AA chain 2. AA1110 EO/16 C), DP=10, 4 (10 EO/16 C) units per AA chain 3. AA/(40 EO/16 C), DP=20, 4 (40 EO/16 C) units per AA chain :....
.
' .

,~i, ' ...
.....
,~

~ ~ 25 - - - . .

''' , TA~LE Y
A~n~ 5~ic Prop~Polymer in Rin$e Added eYhli~f~-n ~1 ~ NY!~n J~QI~
None 1 9,000 13000 6000 Snuggle~ 7500 9000 4300 Snuggle~ ~ Polymer D22900 5000 6û00 Snuggle~ + Polymer C31200 2400 1600 ~' 1. Amount of polymsr added to the Snuggle~ was 2.5%.
2. Polymer D = AA/(40 EOtl C), DP=10, 4 (40 EO/1 C) units per AA chain.
3. Polymer C = AA~(10 EO/1 C), DP=10, 4 (10 EO/1 C) units per AA chain.

., 26 ~.

2 ~

~L!
So~en~r and Po~r , ~

None 21,000 12,000 28,000 Downy~ 6,30Q 4,800 7,000 ; Downy~ + 1% Polyrner A 2,7û0 4,000 5,200 Downy~ + 1.5% Polymer A 500 1,000 1,300 Downy~ + 2.5% Polymer A 300 300 1,000 Downy@~ ~1.5X Dose 500 5,000 4,000 Bounce~ (1 sheet) in full size dryer~ <10 <10 ~10 ~Bounce~ fabric softener is a product of Procter and Gamble Company.

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'; , .27 ..

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TABLE .YII
nti-S~a~ic Proper~ie~ of Qua~errlarY Sait and Polyrner ~9e~EAlME!lr ~ ~ pOLY/COl~ON
None 17,000 13,000 2,80a 5% Quat1 8,300 7,500 2,000 4% Quat, 1% Polym~r H2 5,500 6,900 2,800 3.5% Quat, 1.5% Polymer H 2,500 1,600 2,100 2.5% Quat, 2.5% Polymer H 1,900 1,700 2,000 1% Quat, 4% Polymer H 4,600 5~100 1,000 5% Polymer H 22,0û0 15,000 5,500 ____ _ __ _______ ____ _ 1. Quat used was ArosurflM (a trademark of the Sherex Chemical Company) TA 101. The remainder of the composition was water and 0.5% NaCI.
2. Polymer H is (he polymer of Example 1.

. .

: ~8 2 0 ~ 2 ' VOLTS _ _ RlNs~
None 15,300 28,700 1 2,ioo 5% Quat* 5,700 5,000 3,700 4% Quat and 1% Polymer H 4,7Q0 5,700 4,300 3.5% Quat and 1.5% Polymer H 1,300 1,700 500 2.5% Quat and 2.5% Polymer H l,000 2,400 1,300 1% Quat and 4% Polymer H 12,700 21,000 8,700 5% Polymer H 16,000 25,000 12,000 ~Quat used was AdogenTM (a trademark of the Sherex Chemical Company) 442. The rernainder of the composition was water and 0.5% NaCI.
'' , , . .

2(~2~

~L~

None 10,500 9,800 4,7002,300 Snuggle~ 13,000 3,300 2,30010,000 Snug~le~ + PEG 550113,200 4,200 1,7003,200 Snuggle~ ~ PEG 1000114,7û0 7,800 3,0002,800 Snuggle~ ~ PEG 20,0001 9,200 2,1002,900 4,100 1. PEG 55û - polyethy ~-e ~, M~ ~CUIal weight = 550 PEG 1000 = polyethylene glycol, Molecular weight = 1000 PEG 20,û00 = polyethylene glycol, Molecular weight = 20,000 PEG added to the Snuggle~ fabric ~oft~ner at 2.5%.

; .

! ' TABLE X

_v~LT~

15 ppm Quat116 ,000 13,000 15,000 ,~ 15 ppm Quat and 15 ppm Poiym~r 14,000 2,700 7,000 .
1. The quaternary ammonium salt used was Varisof~TM (a trademark of th~
Sherex Chamical Company) 475.
2. Polyrer I is ~he polymer ot Example 2.

' ;

.

Claims (18)

1. A fabric softening composition comprising from about 25 to about 95 percent by weight water, from about 2 to about 60 percent by weight of a cationic softening agent and from about 0.5 to about 18 percent by weight of a water-soluble polymer, wherein said polymer is formed from;
(a) at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids and their salts, ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, their salts and anhydrides, and, optionally, a carboxylate-free monomer;
and (b) one group selected from the group consisting of a surfactant radical and a polyalkylenoxy group, wherein the surfactant radical consists of a hydrophobic group linked to a polyalkylenoxy group.
2. The fabric softening composition of claim 1 wherein the water-soluble polymer is selected from the group consisting of;
(a) polymers having the formula ?(B)m(C)n(D)o?, (1) A being a group selected from Rb-C(O)-Ra-, Rc-C(O)NH-Rd- and Rb-C(O)-Ra-C(O)-Rb-;
Ra being selected from (C2-C5)alkylidene and (C2-C3)alkylidene derivatives including a chain initiator or chain transfer radical;
Rb being selected from -OQ and Rc;
Rc having the formula R1Z(X1)a(X2)b-;
R1 being selected from hydrogen, (C1-C18)alkyl, (C1-C18)alkaryl and (C1-C18)aralkyl;
Z being selected from -O-, -S-, -CO2-, -CONR2, and -NR2;
X1 being -CH2CH2O-;
X2 being -C(CH3)HCH2O-;
a being a positive integer and b being a non-negative integer, the sum of a and b being from 3 to about 200, it being understood that the X1 and X2 units can be arranged in any sequence;

R2 being selected from H, (C1-C4)alkyl, and H(X1)d(X2)e-;
d and e being non-negative integers, the sum of d and e being from 1 to about 100;
Q being selected from H and the positive ions forming soluble salts with carboxylate anions;
Rd being a group which includes a carbon-carbon single bond formed during polymerization of the polymer from a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond;
(2) B being a group selected from Re being a saturated trivalent aliphatic group having from two to five carbon atoms (3) C being selected from -?e{C(O)Rb}-Re-{C(O)-Rb}, Rf being a group which included a carbon-carbon single bond formed during polymerization of the polymer from a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond;
(4) D having the formula -?e-G
wherein G is an organic group excluding Rc and -CO2Q;
(5) E being a group selected from Rc-Rg-, Rb-C(O)-Rg-, Rc-C(O)NH-Rd-, and Rb-C(O)-Ra-C(O)-Rg-, Rg being selected from (C2-C5)alkylene and (C2-C5) alkylene derivatives including a chain transfer radical;
m being a positive integer and n and o being non-negative integers, m being selected such that (B)m comprises from about 20 to 95 percent by weight of the polymer, n being selected such that Rc comprises from about 80 to 5 percent by weight of the polymer, o being selected such that (D)o comprises from zero up to about 30 percent by weight of the polymer, the sum of the weight percentages of A, (B)m, (C)n, (D)o and E being 100 percent, it being further understood that the B, C, and D groups can be arranged in any sequence;
and the polymer having a number-average molecular weight from about 500 to 50,000; and (b) polymers having the formula L-J, L- having the formula Rc-C(O)(CHR3)c-S-, -J having the formula -(B)m(D)oE, the subscript c being selected from 1, 2, and 3, R3 being selected from H-, CH3-, and C2H5-, the weight ratio of L to J being from about 1:340 to 7:1, o being selected such that (D)o comprises up to about 40 percent by weight of the polymer, and the sum of m and n being from about 10 to 500.
3. The fabric softening composition of claim 2 wherein (1) A is selected from CH3-?H-C(O)-OQ and CH3-?C(CH3)-C(O)-Rc;
(2) B is a group having the formula CH2?H-C(O)-OQ;

(3) C is a group having the formula -CH2?(CH3)-C(O)-Rc; and (4) E is selected from -CH2-CH2-C(O)-OQ and -CH2-CHCH3-C(O)-Rc.
4. The fabric softening composition of claim 3 wherein the polymer includes Rc groups having the formula R1O(X1)a-wherein R1 is selected from hydrogen and (C1-C18)alkyl, and a is from about 5 to 45.
5. The fabric softening composition of claim 4 wherein R1 is (C10-C18)alkyl.
6. The fabric softening composition of claim 5 wherein the number average molecular weight of the polymer is from about 1000 to 5000.
7 The fabric softening composition of claim 2 wherein the water-soluble polymer has the formula L-J, the sum of m and o being from about 20 to 150.
8. The fabric softening composition of claim 2 wherein the water-soluble polymer is selected from polymers having the formula L-J, the weight ratio of L to J being from about 1:100 to 2:1.
9. The fabric softening composition of claim 2 wherein G
is selected from -NH2, -NHR3, -OR3, -OR4-OH, -OR4NH, -OR4-SO3Q, OR4-PO3Q, R3 being (C1-C8)alkyl, and R4 being (C1-C8)alkylene.
10. The fabric softening composition of claim 2 wherein Rd is alpha,alpha-dimethyl-meta-isopropenylbenzyl.
11. The fabric softening composition of claim 2 wherein the number average molecular weight of the polymer is from about 1,000 to 15,000.
12. A fabric softening composition comprising from about 25 to about 95 percent by weight water, from about 2 to about 60 percent by weight of a cationic softening agent and from about 0.5 to about 18 percent by weight of a water-soluble copolymer, wherein said copolymer is formed from a grafting reaction between i) polyalkylene oxides, polyalkoxylates and combinations thereof, ii) ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers, polymers formed from polymerized units of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers, and optionally, iii) carboxylate-free monomers.
13. The fabric softening composition of claim 12 wherein the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers are selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, vinyl acetic acid, acryloxy, propionic acid and combinations thereof.
14. The fabric softening composition of claim 12 wherein the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer used to form the copolymer is acrylic acid.
15. The fabric softening composition of claim 12 wherein the polyalkylene oxides used to form the copolymer are selected from the group consisting of polymers based on ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and combinations thereof.
16. The fabric softening composition of claim 12 wherein the polyalkylene oxide is polyethylene oxide.
17. A process for decreasing anti-static properties of textiles comprising rinsing a textile fabric in the fabric softening composition of claim 1.
18. A process for decreasing anti-static properties of textiles comprising rinsing a textile fabric in the fabric softening composition of claim 12.
CA002082681A 1991-11-19 1992-11-12 Anti-static rinse added fabric softeners Abandoned CA2082681A1 (en)

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DE69230056T2 (en) 2000-03-23
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ATE185163T1 (en) 1999-10-15
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US5503767A (en) 1996-04-02
US5254268A (en) 1993-10-19

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