CA2083594A1 - Biologically active peptide compositions and uses therefor - Google Patents
Biologically active peptide compositions and uses thereforInfo
- Publication number
- CA2083594A1 CA2083594A1 CA002083594A CA2083594A CA2083594A1 CA 2083594 A1 CA2083594 A1 CA 2083594A1 CA 002083594 A CA002083594 A CA 002083594A CA 2083594 A CA2083594 A CA 2083594A CA 2083594 A1 CA2083594 A1 CA 2083594A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- peptide
- seq
- amino acid
- amount
- administering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/04—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
- C07K7/08—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 12 to 20 amino acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/10—Antimycotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Abstract
A biologically active peptide which includes the following structure:
R1-R1-R1-R4-R1-R1-R2-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1a-R1-R1-R3-R2-R2-R1a. R1 and R1a are hydrophobic amino acids, R2 is a basic hydrophilic amino acid, R3 is a neutral hydrophilic amino acid, and R4 is hydrophobic or basic hydrophilic amino acid. Preferably, R1a is cysteine.
Examples of peptides have the following structural formulae: (SEQ ID
NO:1); (SEQ ID NO:2); (SEQ ID NO:3); (SEQ ID NO:4); (SEQ ID
NO:5); and (SEQ ID NO:6). The peptide may be employed in a pharmaceutical composition.
R1-R1-R1-R4-R1-R1-R2-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1a-R1-R1-R3-R2-R2-R1a. R1 and R1a are hydrophobic amino acids, R2 is a basic hydrophilic amino acid, R3 is a neutral hydrophilic amino acid, and R4 is hydrophobic or basic hydrophilic amino acid. Preferably, R1a is cysteine.
Examples of peptides have the following structural formulae: (SEQ ID
NO:1); (SEQ ID NO:2); (SEQ ID NO:3); (SEQ ID NO:4); (SEQ ID
NO:5); and (SEQ ID NO:6). The peptide may be employed in a pharmaceutical composition.
Description
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NOVEL BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE PEPTIDE
This invention relates to biologically ac_ive peptides, and more particularly to novel biologically active peptides and uses therefor.
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provlded a biologically active amphiphilic peptide including the following basic structure:
Rl-Rl-Rl-R4-Rl-Rl-R2-Rl-Rl-Rl-Rl Rl Rl Rla 1 1 R3-R2-R2-Rla, wherein Rl and Rla are hydrophobic amino acids, R2 is a basic hydrophilic amino acid, R3 i3 a neutral hydrophilic amino acid, and R4 i5 a hydrophobic or basic hydrophllic amino acld. Pr-ferably, Rla ls cysteine.
Th~ hydrophoblc amlno acid~ inclute but are not limited to Ala,Cys,Pho,Gly,Ilo,Leu,Met,Pro,Val,Trp,Tyr, norleucine tNle), norvaline (Nva), and cyclohexylalanine (Cha).
The basic hydrophilic amino acids include but are not limited to Lys,Arg,His, Orn, homoarginine (Har), 2-4^diamino ~utyric acid (Dbu), and p-aminophenylalanine.
The neutral hydrophilic amino acids include but are not limited to Asn,Gln,Ser, and Thr.
A representative example of the peptides of the present invention is found in tadpoIes of the American bullfrog Rana catesbiana and is of the following s-ructural formula as indicated in the accompanying se~ler.ce listing:
.,-:, ' . - , :
W O 92/18146 PC~r/US92/03069 : .
20~359 ~ ~
(S_Q ID N0:1) Fu .~er representati~e examples o' _:.e peptides 0c the presen ~nve~tion a e ds- vatives o' the above-mentioned pe?'ide, and are of the following structural formulae as indicated ln the accompanying sequence lis~ing.
(SE~ ID N0:2) (SE~ ID N0:3) (SE~ ID N0:4) (SE~ iD N0:;) (S_~ ID N0:6) rac:q of the above-mentioned peptides, (SEQ ID N0:1) t:~ oug~.
(;~Q ID ~0:6), includes a disulfide (S-S) ~ond between -_s dles CYsl4 an~ c.~520 In general, the peptides of the present invention a e ion channel-forming peptides.
An ion channel-forming peptide or protein or ionophore is a peptide or protein which increasos the pormeability for ions across a natural or synthetic llpid membrane. B. Christensen et al. PNAS Vol. as Pgs. 5072-76 (July, 1988) describes methodology ~ which indicates whether or not a peptide or protein has ion ; channel-forming properties and is therefore an ionophore. As s used herein an ion channeL-forming peptide or ion channel-forming protein is a peptide or proteln w~ich has ion channel-orming properties as determined by the method of Christensen et al.
~ In accordance with one embodiment, each of the amino acid t residues is a D-amino acid residue or glycine. Although the scope of this particular embodiment is not to be limited to any theoretical reasoning, it is believed that thc above-mentioned peptides, when consisting entirely of D-amino acid or glycine residues, may have increased resistance to proteolytic enzymes while retaining t~eir biological activlty. Such peptid~s thus may be acministered orally. Also, ir. accordance with anothe~
embodimenl, all of the amino acid residues are eithe- D-amino a~id residues or glycine, or L-amino acid residues or glvcine. ~
~ -:
., .- .. .
~: ~-. - . - -. , . ' ' ' '. :
t ~ ~
~3~ 2~8~39~ :
An amphiphilic peptide is a peptide which includes both hy~rophobic and hydr~philic peptide regions.
Ir. gene;al, the peptides hereinabove desc-ibed, and/or analogues or derivatives thereof are generally water soluble to a concent.ation of at least 20 mg/ml at neutral pH in water.
In addition, the st-ucture of such peptides provides for flexibility of the peptide molecule. When the peptide is placed ln water, lt does not assume an amphlphllic struc~ure. When the psptide encounters an oily surface or membrans, the peptlde chain folds upon ltself into a rod-llke structure.
The peptides and/or analogues or derivatives thereof, may be C-t~rminal aclds or amldes.
The peptides and/or analogues or derivatives thereof may be administered to a host; for example a human or non-human animal, in an amount effective to inhibit growth of a target cell, virus, or, virally-infected cell. Ihus, for oxample, tho peptides and/or analogues or derlvativos thoroof may bo usod as antimicrobial ag~nts, anti-viral ag-nta, antibiotics, anti-tumor agentJ, antiparasitic agonts, antifungal agontJ, spermicides, as w-ll as exhibiting oth~r bioactivo functions.
The term "antimlcrobial~ as used herein means that the peptides of the pre~ent invention inhibit, prevent, or destroy ths growth or prolif~r~tion of mlcrobeJ s~ch as bacteria, fungi, or the llXe.
The term "antibiotic" as used herein means that the peptides employed in the present invention produce effects adverse to the normal biological functions of the non-host cell, tissue, or organism including death or destruction and prevention of the growth or proliferation of the non-host cell, ti~eue, or organism when contacted with the peptides.
The term "spermicidal" as used herein means that the pep.ides employed in the present invention, inhibit, preven_, or ; destroy the motility of sperm.
' .
: . - . j ~ . ~ - . - , .. - - . : :, . .
. 208~94 , .. ....
The term "antiviral" as used herein mear.s that ~e pep ~des employed in the present invention inh oi_, prevent, o- des ro the growth or proliferation of viruses, or o' virally-:-.-^ecte~
cells.
The term "anti-tumor" as used herein means that the pe?t~de inhibits the growth of or destroys tumo s.
The term "antifungal" as used herein means that the ?ept des o' the present invention may be used to i~hibit the growth o' or des_roy ungi.
The term "antiparasitic" as used herein means th3~ the pep'ides of the present invention may be used to inhi~-~ he g-owth of or destroy parasites.
The peptides of the present invention have a broad range of ~j -potent antibiotic activity against a plurality of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bac~eria, fungi, protozoa, and tho liXe, as well as parasitcs. The peptides of -the present invention allow a method for treating or controlling microbial infection caused by organisms which are sensitive to th- pop.id-s. Such tr-atment may comprise admini tering to a host organism or tis~ue su~ceptible to or affiliated with a microbial inf~ction an antimicrobial amount of at least one o' ;
the peptides.
3ecause of the antibiotic, ant~microbial, ant antiviral properties of the peptldes, they may also be used as preservatives or sterilants of materials susceptible to microbial or viral contamination.
The peptide and/or derivatives or analogues thereof may be --administered in combination with a non-toxic pharmaceutical - -carrier or vehicle such as a fillér, non-toxic buffer, or -physiological saline solution. Such pharmaceutical compositions may be used topically or systemically and may be in any sultable form such as a liquid, solid, semi-solid, injectable solu'ion, tablet, ointment, lotion, paste, capsule, or the like. The peptide compositions may also be used in combination wi~h - . ., ' '''' ,.. .
, ' ~.,:' 208359~
adjuvanls, protein inhibitors, or compa~ible drugs where su-h a co~bina~ion is seg~ to be desirable or advantageous in controlling infection caused by harmful microorganisms including protozoa, viruses, and the like, as well as by parasites.
The peptide(s) of the present invention may be administered to a hosti in par_icular an animal, in an effec~ive antibiotic - -and/or anti-tumor and/or anti-viral and/or anti-microbial and/or anti-parasitic and/or an antispermicidal amount.
Depending on the use, a compositlon ln accordance wi~h the invention will contain an efective anti-microbial amoun and~or an effective antispermicidal amount and/or an effec'ive anli-viral amount and/or an effective anti-tumor amount and~o a.
effective anti~iotic amount and/or an'i-parasitic amoun~ of one or more of the hereinabove described peptides which have such ac_ivity The peptide of the present invention may also be employed in promoting or stimula*ing healing of a wound in a host.
The term ~wound healing" as u~ed herein includes various aspect3 of the would healing proc-ss.
These a~pects ~ncludo, but are not limited to, increased contraction o the wound, increased deposition of connective tissue, as evidenced by, for example, increased deposition of collagen 'n the wound, and increased tensilo ~trength o the , wound, i.e., the peptldes lncreaso wound breaking 8trength. The i peptides o the present ~nventio~ may also be employed so as to reverse the inhibition or depression o wound healing caused by steroids such as cortisone, or by conditions which may cause a depressed or compromised immune system.
The peptides of the present invention may be used in the I treatment of external burns and to treat and/or prevent sXin and burn infec'ions. In particular, the peptides may be used to treat sk~n and burn infections caused by organisms such as, ou-not limited to, ~. aeruainosa and S. aureus.
' . .
, , : . , , , : . . : . , . .: . , . : :
WO 92tl8146 PCI`/US92/03069 2 0 8 3 rj 9 d~ . " ~ , The peptides are also useful in the prevention or treatme~._ Oc eye infections. Such infections may be caused by bacteria such as, but not lim~ted to, P. aerucinosa, S. aureus, and N.
aonorrhoeae, by fungi such as but not limited to C. albicans and A. fumi~atus, by parasites such as but not limited to A.
castellani, or by viruses.
The peptides may also be effective in killing cysts, spores, or trophozoites of infection - causing orsani~ms. Such organisms include, but are not llmlted to Ac_nthamoeba which forms tsophozoitss or cyst~, C. albicans, which forms ~porss, and A.
fumi~atus, which forms ~pores as well.
~ he p_ptides may also be administered to plants in an e~'ectiv_ antimicrobial or antiviral or antiparasitic amount to ;~
prevent or treat microbial or viral or parasitic contamination thereof In general, the peptide is employed to provide peptide -dosages of from 0.1 mg. to 500 mg. per kilogram of host weight.
When administered topically, the peptide 1~ used in a concentration of from .05% to loX.
It ls al~o to be understood that, within the ~cope of the present in~ention, the peptides may be employed in vitro or in vivo. The peptides may be administered diroctly to the target cell, virus, or virally-infected cell, or may bo administered systemically.
The peptides may be produced by ~nown techniques and obtained in substantially pure form. For example, the peptides may be synthesized on an automatic peptide synthesizer. Journal ..
of the American Chemical SocietY, Vol. 85, pgs. 2149-54 (1963).
It is also possible to produce such peptides by ger.etic `
engineering techniques.
In accordance with another embodiment, the peptides of the present invention may be employed in combination withla toxic ion for the purposes hereinabove described.
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A toxi~ ion is one which when introdueed into a target ce!', Vl-US, or v rally-infected cell inhibits and/or prevents and/o.
des.roys the growth of the target cell, virus, or virally-infected ~ell.
suc;~ a toxic ion is one which in the absence of an ion channel forming peptide i5 unable to cross a natural or syntheti_ lipid membrane; in particular a cell membrane, in sufficient a-.ounts to affec_ a cell adversely.
The peptide and toxic ion may be admini~tered as a single composition or in separate compositions, and the single or separate compositions may include additional materials, ac'ives and/or inactives, in addition to the peptide and toxi~ ion. As representative examples of toxic ions which may be employed, there may be mentioned fluoride, peroxide, bicarbonate, and silver, zinc, mercury, arsenic, copper, platinum, antimony, gold, thallium, nickel, selenium, bismuth, and cadmium ions.
The peptide and the toxic ion, whether administered or prepared in a single composition or in separate compositions, are employod in amounts efoctive to inhibit and/or prevent and/or destroy the growth of the target cell, virus, or virally-infected cell. In effect, the ion potentiates the action of the peptide, i.e., the amount of toxic ion is effective to reduce the maximum effective concentration of the peptide or protein for inhibiting i ~rowth of a target cell, vlru5, or vlrally-infected cell.
The toxlc ion, when used topically, is generally employed in a concentration of fro~ 0.05% to 2.0%. When used systemically, the ion is generally employed in an amount of from l to lO mg.
per kg. of ho~t weight. Peptide dosages may be within the ranges hereinabove described.-It is also to be understood that the peptide and toxic ionmay be delivered or administered in different forms; for example, the toxic ion may be administered orally, while the pep'ide may be adm1nistered by IV or 1~.
' ~
_ . ... .. . . . . . ... . . .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . .
'i''.'~'' , .~ : ' ', ' .' ' ,., .:', ' ' . ' ': ',' ' . , ' ., :
. ' -: ' ' :: ,, , ' , ,, . . , , :: ' .. ., ' ~ ~ ' , , ' ' ~ 2~3~94 -8- - -As representative exa~ples of administe- ng the p~?t_~e o-protein and toxic ion for topical or local administration, t;~
pe?tide could be administered in an amoun~ o- u? to abou~ 1~o weight to weight and the toxic ion delivered in an amoun o' amout 50mM (about 0.1%) Alternatively, the toxic ion, in the form of a salt such as sodium fluoride, could be admir.is.e ed orally i~ con~nction with systemic administration of the peptide For exampie, the peptide may be ad~nistered IV ~r i~
to achieve a serum doqe o~ lO0 micrograms per milliliter (lO
milligrams per kilogram) in conjunction with an oral dose o' toxic ion, in particular, sodium fluoride, o lO meq per kilogram.
In accordance with another embodiment, the peptides o' the present invention may be administered to a host in combina i~n with an antibiotic selected from the class consisting of bacitracins, gramacidin, polymyxin, vancomycin, teichoplanin, aminoqlycosides, hydrophobic antibiotics, penicillins, monobactams, or derivatives or analogues thereof.
The bacitracins, gramacidin, polymyxin, vancomycin, teichoplanin, and derivativ-s and analogues thereof, are a group of polypeptide antibiotics. A preferred bacitracin is bacitracin A, ;~
Aminoglycoside antibiotics include tobramycin, kanamy~in, amikacin, the gentamicins (e.g., gentamicin Cl, gentamicin C2, gentamicin Cla), netilmicin, kanamycin, and derivatives an~ -analo~ues thereof. The preferred aminoglycosides are tobramycin and the gentamicins. The aminoglycosides, and the bacitracins hereinabove described, tend to be hydrophilic and wate--soluble.
Penicillins which may be employed incl~de, but are not limited to benzyl penicillin, ampicillin, methicillin -(dimethoxyphenyl penicillin), ticaricillin, penicillin V
(phenoxymethyl penicillin), oxacillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, flucloxacillin, amoxicillin, and amidinocil'in.
Preferred penicillins which may be employed are benzyl penici'lln .
' ~.' ' ' ' WO 92/18146 PCT/US92/03~69 9 ` 2;083~9~
and ampicillin A preferred monobactam which may be employed is aztreonam. .
As epresentative examples of hydrophobic antibio~ics whicb ~ :
may be used in the present invention, there may be mentioned :
mac-olides such as erythromycin, roxythromycin, clarithromyc n, etc.; 9-N-alkyl derivatives of erythromycin; midecamycin acetate, azithromycin; flurithromycin; rifabutin; rokitamycin; a 6-0-methyl erythromycin A known as TF-031 ~Taisho); rifapentine;
bonzypiperazinyl rlfamycins such as CG~-7040, CGP-5909, CGP-279353 ~Ciba-Geigy); an erythromycin A derlvative with a cyclic carbamate fused to the Cll/C12 position of a macrolide ring known as A-62514 ~Abbott): AC-7230 ~loyo Jozo);
benzoxazinorifamycin; difficidin; dirithromycin; a . .
NOVEL BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE PEPTIDE
This invention relates to biologically ac_ive peptides, and more particularly to novel biologically active peptides and uses therefor.
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provlded a biologically active amphiphilic peptide including the following basic structure:
Rl-Rl-Rl-R4-Rl-Rl-R2-Rl-Rl-Rl-Rl Rl Rl Rla 1 1 R3-R2-R2-Rla, wherein Rl and Rla are hydrophobic amino acids, R2 is a basic hydrophilic amino acid, R3 i3 a neutral hydrophilic amino acid, and R4 i5 a hydrophobic or basic hydrophllic amino acld. Pr-ferably, Rla ls cysteine.
Th~ hydrophoblc amlno acid~ inclute but are not limited to Ala,Cys,Pho,Gly,Ilo,Leu,Met,Pro,Val,Trp,Tyr, norleucine tNle), norvaline (Nva), and cyclohexylalanine (Cha).
The basic hydrophilic amino acids include but are not limited to Lys,Arg,His, Orn, homoarginine (Har), 2-4^diamino ~utyric acid (Dbu), and p-aminophenylalanine.
The neutral hydrophilic amino acids include but are not limited to Asn,Gln,Ser, and Thr.
A representative example of the peptides of the present invention is found in tadpoIes of the American bullfrog Rana catesbiana and is of the following s-ructural formula as indicated in the accompanying se~ler.ce listing:
.,-:, ' . - , :
W O 92/18146 PC~r/US92/03069 : .
20~359 ~ ~
(S_Q ID N0:1) Fu .~er representati~e examples o' _:.e peptides 0c the presen ~nve~tion a e ds- vatives o' the above-mentioned pe?'ide, and are of the following structural formulae as indicated ln the accompanying sequence lis~ing.
(SE~ ID N0:2) (SE~ ID N0:3) (SE~ ID N0:4) (SE~ iD N0:;) (S_~ ID N0:6) rac:q of the above-mentioned peptides, (SEQ ID N0:1) t:~ oug~.
(;~Q ID ~0:6), includes a disulfide (S-S) ~ond between -_s dles CYsl4 an~ c.~520 In general, the peptides of the present invention a e ion channel-forming peptides.
An ion channel-forming peptide or protein or ionophore is a peptide or protein which increasos the pormeability for ions across a natural or synthetic llpid membrane. B. Christensen et al. PNAS Vol. as Pgs. 5072-76 (July, 1988) describes methodology ~ which indicates whether or not a peptide or protein has ion ; channel-forming properties and is therefore an ionophore. As s used herein an ion channeL-forming peptide or ion channel-forming protein is a peptide or proteln w~ich has ion channel-orming properties as determined by the method of Christensen et al.
~ In accordance with one embodiment, each of the amino acid t residues is a D-amino acid residue or glycine. Although the scope of this particular embodiment is not to be limited to any theoretical reasoning, it is believed that thc above-mentioned peptides, when consisting entirely of D-amino acid or glycine residues, may have increased resistance to proteolytic enzymes while retaining t~eir biological activlty. Such peptid~s thus may be acministered orally. Also, ir. accordance with anothe~
embodimenl, all of the amino acid residues are eithe- D-amino a~id residues or glycine, or L-amino acid residues or glvcine. ~
~ -:
., .- .. .
~: ~-. - . - -. , . ' ' ' '. :
t ~ ~
~3~ 2~8~39~ :
An amphiphilic peptide is a peptide which includes both hy~rophobic and hydr~philic peptide regions.
Ir. gene;al, the peptides hereinabove desc-ibed, and/or analogues or derivatives thereof are generally water soluble to a concent.ation of at least 20 mg/ml at neutral pH in water.
In addition, the st-ucture of such peptides provides for flexibility of the peptide molecule. When the peptide is placed ln water, lt does not assume an amphlphllic struc~ure. When the psptide encounters an oily surface or membrans, the peptlde chain folds upon ltself into a rod-llke structure.
The peptides and/or analogues or derivatives thereof, may be C-t~rminal aclds or amldes.
The peptides and/or analogues or derivatives thereof may be administered to a host; for example a human or non-human animal, in an amount effective to inhibit growth of a target cell, virus, or, virally-infected cell. Ihus, for oxample, tho peptides and/or analogues or derlvativos thoroof may bo usod as antimicrobial ag~nts, anti-viral ag-nta, antibiotics, anti-tumor agentJ, antiparasitic agonts, antifungal agontJ, spermicides, as w-ll as exhibiting oth~r bioactivo functions.
The term "antimlcrobial~ as used herein means that the peptides of the pre~ent invention inhibit, prevent, or destroy ths growth or prolif~r~tion of mlcrobeJ s~ch as bacteria, fungi, or the llXe.
The term "antibiotic" as used herein means that the peptides employed in the present invention produce effects adverse to the normal biological functions of the non-host cell, tissue, or organism including death or destruction and prevention of the growth or proliferation of the non-host cell, ti~eue, or organism when contacted with the peptides.
The term "spermicidal" as used herein means that the pep.ides employed in the present invention, inhibit, preven_, or ; destroy the motility of sperm.
' .
: . - . j ~ . ~ - . - , .. - - . : :, . .
. 208~94 , .. ....
The term "antiviral" as used herein mear.s that ~e pep ~des employed in the present invention inh oi_, prevent, o- des ro the growth or proliferation of viruses, or o' virally-:-.-^ecte~
cells.
The term "anti-tumor" as used herein means that the pe?t~de inhibits the growth of or destroys tumo s.
The term "antifungal" as used herein means that the ?ept des o' the present invention may be used to i~hibit the growth o' or des_roy ungi.
The term "antiparasitic" as used herein means th3~ the pep'ides of the present invention may be used to inhi~-~ he g-owth of or destroy parasites.
The peptides of the present invention have a broad range of ~j -potent antibiotic activity against a plurality of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bac~eria, fungi, protozoa, and tho liXe, as well as parasitcs. The peptides of -the present invention allow a method for treating or controlling microbial infection caused by organisms which are sensitive to th- pop.id-s. Such tr-atment may comprise admini tering to a host organism or tis~ue su~ceptible to or affiliated with a microbial inf~ction an antimicrobial amount of at least one o' ;
the peptides.
3ecause of the antibiotic, ant~microbial, ant antiviral properties of the peptldes, they may also be used as preservatives or sterilants of materials susceptible to microbial or viral contamination.
The peptide and/or derivatives or analogues thereof may be --administered in combination with a non-toxic pharmaceutical - -carrier or vehicle such as a fillér, non-toxic buffer, or -physiological saline solution. Such pharmaceutical compositions may be used topically or systemically and may be in any sultable form such as a liquid, solid, semi-solid, injectable solu'ion, tablet, ointment, lotion, paste, capsule, or the like. The peptide compositions may also be used in combination wi~h - . ., ' '''' ,.. .
, ' ~.,:' 208359~
adjuvanls, protein inhibitors, or compa~ible drugs where su-h a co~bina~ion is seg~ to be desirable or advantageous in controlling infection caused by harmful microorganisms including protozoa, viruses, and the like, as well as by parasites.
The peptide(s) of the present invention may be administered to a hosti in par_icular an animal, in an effec~ive antibiotic - -and/or anti-tumor and/or anti-viral and/or anti-microbial and/or anti-parasitic and/or an antispermicidal amount.
Depending on the use, a compositlon ln accordance wi~h the invention will contain an efective anti-microbial amoun and~or an effective antispermicidal amount and/or an effec'ive anli-viral amount and/or an effective anti-tumor amount and~o a.
effective anti~iotic amount and/or an'i-parasitic amoun~ of one or more of the hereinabove described peptides which have such ac_ivity The peptide of the present invention may also be employed in promoting or stimula*ing healing of a wound in a host.
The term ~wound healing" as u~ed herein includes various aspect3 of the would healing proc-ss.
These a~pects ~ncludo, but are not limited to, increased contraction o the wound, increased deposition of connective tissue, as evidenced by, for example, increased deposition of collagen 'n the wound, and increased tensilo ~trength o the , wound, i.e., the peptldes lncreaso wound breaking 8trength. The i peptides o the present ~nventio~ may also be employed so as to reverse the inhibition or depression o wound healing caused by steroids such as cortisone, or by conditions which may cause a depressed or compromised immune system.
The peptides of the present invention may be used in the I treatment of external burns and to treat and/or prevent sXin and burn infec'ions. In particular, the peptides may be used to treat sk~n and burn infections caused by organisms such as, ou-not limited to, ~. aeruainosa and S. aureus.
' . .
, , : . , , , : . . : . , . .: . , . : :
WO 92tl8146 PCI`/US92/03069 2 0 8 3 rj 9 d~ . " ~ , The peptides are also useful in the prevention or treatme~._ Oc eye infections. Such infections may be caused by bacteria such as, but not lim~ted to, P. aerucinosa, S. aureus, and N.
aonorrhoeae, by fungi such as but not limited to C. albicans and A. fumi~atus, by parasites such as but not limited to A.
castellani, or by viruses.
The peptides may also be effective in killing cysts, spores, or trophozoites of infection - causing orsani~ms. Such organisms include, but are not llmlted to Ac_nthamoeba which forms tsophozoitss or cyst~, C. albicans, which forms ~porss, and A.
fumi~atus, which forms ~pores as well.
~ he p_ptides may also be administered to plants in an e~'ectiv_ antimicrobial or antiviral or antiparasitic amount to ;~
prevent or treat microbial or viral or parasitic contamination thereof In general, the peptide is employed to provide peptide -dosages of from 0.1 mg. to 500 mg. per kilogram of host weight.
When administered topically, the peptide 1~ used in a concentration of from .05% to loX.
It ls al~o to be understood that, within the ~cope of the present in~ention, the peptides may be employed in vitro or in vivo. The peptides may be administered diroctly to the target cell, virus, or virally-infected cell, or may bo administered systemically.
The peptides may be produced by ~nown techniques and obtained in substantially pure form. For example, the peptides may be synthesized on an automatic peptide synthesizer. Journal ..
of the American Chemical SocietY, Vol. 85, pgs. 2149-54 (1963).
It is also possible to produce such peptides by ger.etic `
engineering techniques.
In accordance with another embodiment, the peptides of the present invention may be employed in combination withla toxic ion for the purposes hereinabove described.
' ' :, : , . ' :,' ':
: .
., ~ .. . . ,; .. ., j, . .... , , .... . .. .. . . ,, .. .. .. ., -.. - , . . ~ . .- . . . . .
-7- ; ` ~83~9~
A toxi~ ion is one which when introdueed into a target ce!', Vl-US, or v rally-infected cell inhibits and/or prevents and/o.
des.roys the growth of the target cell, virus, or virally-infected ~ell.
suc;~ a toxic ion is one which in the absence of an ion channel forming peptide i5 unable to cross a natural or syntheti_ lipid membrane; in particular a cell membrane, in sufficient a-.ounts to affec_ a cell adversely.
The peptide and toxic ion may be admini~tered as a single composition or in separate compositions, and the single or separate compositions may include additional materials, ac'ives and/or inactives, in addition to the peptide and toxi~ ion. As representative examples of toxic ions which may be employed, there may be mentioned fluoride, peroxide, bicarbonate, and silver, zinc, mercury, arsenic, copper, platinum, antimony, gold, thallium, nickel, selenium, bismuth, and cadmium ions.
The peptide and the toxic ion, whether administered or prepared in a single composition or in separate compositions, are employod in amounts efoctive to inhibit and/or prevent and/or destroy the growth of the target cell, virus, or virally-infected cell. In effect, the ion potentiates the action of the peptide, i.e., the amount of toxic ion is effective to reduce the maximum effective concentration of the peptide or protein for inhibiting i ~rowth of a target cell, vlru5, or vlrally-infected cell.
The toxlc ion, when used topically, is generally employed in a concentration of fro~ 0.05% to 2.0%. When used systemically, the ion is generally employed in an amount of from l to lO mg.
per kg. of ho~t weight. Peptide dosages may be within the ranges hereinabove described.-It is also to be understood that the peptide and toxic ionmay be delivered or administered in different forms; for example, the toxic ion may be administered orally, while the pep'ide may be adm1nistered by IV or 1~.
' ~
_ . ... .. . . . . . ... . . .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . .
'i''.'~'' , .~ : ' ', ' .' ' ,., .:', ' ' . ' ': ',' ' . , ' ., :
. ' -: ' ' :: ,, , ' , ,, . . , , :: ' .. ., ' ~ ~ ' , , ' ' ~ 2~3~94 -8- - -As representative exa~ples of administe- ng the p~?t_~e o-protein and toxic ion for topical or local administration, t;~
pe?tide could be administered in an amoun~ o- u? to abou~ 1~o weight to weight and the toxic ion delivered in an amoun o' amout 50mM (about 0.1%) Alternatively, the toxic ion, in the form of a salt such as sodium fluoride, could be admir.is.e ed orally i~ con~nction with systemic administration of the peptide For exampie, the peptide may be ad~nistered IV ~r i~
to achieve a serum doqe o~ lO0 micrograms per milliliter (lO
milligrams per kilogram) in conjunction with an oral dose o' toxic ion, in particular, sodium fluoride, o lO meq per kilogram.
In accordance with another embodiment, the peptides o' the present invention may be administered to a host in combina i~n with an antibiotic selected from the class consisting of bacitracins, gramacidin, polymyxin, vancomycin, teichoplanin, aminoqlycosides, hydrophobic antibiotics, penicillins, monobactams, or derivatives or analogues thereof.
The bacitracins, gramacidin, polymyxin, vancomycin, teichoplanin, and derivativ-s and analogues thereof, are a group of polypeptide antibiotics. A preferred bacitracin is bacitracin A, ;~
Aminoglycoside antibiotics include tobramycin, kanamy~in, amikacin, the gentamicins (e.g., gentamicin Cl, gentamicin C2, gentamicin Cla), netilmicin, kanamycin, and derivatives an~ -analo~ues thereof. The preferred aminoglycosides are tobramycin and the gentamicins. The aminoglycosides, and the bacitracins hereinabove described, tend to be hydrophilic and wate--soluble.
Penicillins which may be employed incl~de, but are not limited to benzyl penicillin, ampicillin, methicillin -(dimethoxyphenyl penicillin), ticaricillin, penicillin V
(phenoxymethyl penicillin), oxacillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, flucloxacillin, amoxicillin, and amidinocil'in.
Preferred penicillins which may be employed are benzyl penici'lln .
' ~.' ' ' ' WO 92/18146 PCT/US92/03~69 9 ` 2;083~9~
and ampicillin A preferred monobactam which may be employed is aztreonam. .
As epresentative examples of hydrophobic antibio~ics whicb ~ :
may be used in the present invention, there may be mentioned :
mac-olides such as erythromycin, roxythromycin, clarithromyc n, etc.; 9-N-alkyl derivatives of erythromycin; midecamycin acetate, azithromycin; flurithromycin; rifabutin; rokitamycin; a 6-0-methyl erythromycin A known as TF-031 ~Taisho); rifapentine;
bonzypiperazinyl rlfamycins such as CG~-7040, CGP-5909, CGP-279353 ~Ciba-Geigy); an erythromycin A derlvative with a cyclic carbamate fused to the Cll/C12 position of a macrolide ring known as A-62514 ~Abbott): AC-7230 ~loyo Jozo);
benzoxazinorifamycin; difficidin; dirithromycin; a . .
3-N-piperdinomethylzaino methyl rifamycin SV known as FC~-22250 ~Farmitalia); M-ll9-a (Kirin ~rewery); a 6-0-methyl-1-4n-0-carbamoyl erythromycin known as A-63075 (Abbott); 3-formylriamycin SV-hydrazones wlth diazabicycloalkyl side chains such as CGP-27557 and CGP~2986 (Ciba-Geigy); and 16-mombered macrolides having a 3-0-alpha-~-cladlnosyl moiety, such as 3-0-alpha-L-cladinosyldeepoxy rosaramicin; tylosins and acyl demycinosyl tyloJinJ.
In addition to the macrolides hereinabove described, rifamycin, carbenicillin, and nafcillin may be employed as w911.
Other antiblotic~ Which may bo used ~whother or not hydrophobic) are antiblotics whic~ are 50-S ribosome inhibitors such as lincomycin; clindamycin; and chloramphenicol; etc.;
antibiotics which havc a large lipid like lactone ring, such as mystatin; pimaricin, etc.
The peptide and antibiotic may be adminstered by direct administration to a target cell or by systemic or topical .
administration to a host which includes the target cell, in order to prevent, destroy or inhibit the growth of a target cell. :
Target cells whose growth may be prevented, inhibited, or -.
des_royed by the administration of the peptides and antibiotic ''~ ''.
' ' .~ .
~ 092/18146 PCT/US92/03069 - ;2083~94 - 10- .:
include Gram-posi~ive and Gram-negative ba-teria as w~Ll as fungal cells.
~h~ antibiotic such as those heieinabove described, or de-ivatives or analogues thereof, when used topically, is .
generally employed in a concent-ation of about 0.1% to about 10%.
When used systemically, the antibiot c or derivative or analogue thereof is generally employed in an amount of from 1.2; mg. to .:
about 45 mg per kg. of host weight per day. Peptide dosages may be those as hereinabove described.
As representative examples of administering the pept-de ani antibiotic for topical or local adminis'ration, the peptide cou!d be admnistersd in an amount of from about 0.1% to about lC% .....
weight to weight, and the an~.biotic is delivered in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 10% weight to weight. .
In accordance with another embodiment, the pe~tides of the present invention may be administered in combination with an antiparasitic agent or an antifungal agent.
Antiparasitic aqents which may be employed include, but are not limited to, anti-protozoan agents. Examples o' specific anti-parasitic agents which may be employsd include, but are not llmited to, pentamidine isethionate, and propamidine isethionate (Brolene). .
Anti-ungal a~ents which may be employed includ~, but are not limitsd to, ketoconazole. It i6 also to be unterstood that certain anti-parasltic agents, may also have anti-fungal activity, and that certain anti-fungal agents may have anti-parasitic activity.
In accordance with another embodiment, the peptides of the ~
present invention may be administered in combination with an -antibiotic which inhibits DNA gyrase, which is an enzyme involved in the formation of bonds between inc' -idual coiling st~ands Oc replicating bacterial DNA. Thus, DNA gyrase is necessary for the ~
normal replication of bacte-ial DNA, and, therefore, antibiotics - .
: ,: . , : . ; : . . - :; :
.:
WO 92/18i46 PCT/US92/03069 `: 2~83594 whic~ inhibit DNA gyrase inh~bit the normal replication of bacte-ial DNA.
Exam~les o. an~ibiotics which i~hibit DNA gyrase incll~de nal~dixic acid, oxolinic acid, cinoxacin, and quinolone a~.ibio~ics which include ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxa-ln, enoxacin, pefloxacin, lomefloxacin, fleroxacin, tosulfloxacin, tema10xacin, and ru10xacin.
In accordance with another embodlment, the peptides of the present invention may be administered for the purpose hereinabo~.~e describe in combination with other biologically active amphiphil,c peptides, or in com~ination with ion channel-fo~m n~
proteins.
The invention will now be further described with respec' to the following examples; however, the scope of the presen. -invention is not to be limited thereby.
ExamDle 1 - Antibacterial A~saY
The procedure for tho following antibacterial assay is based upon the guidelines of the National Committ-c for Clinical ~aboratory Standards, Document M7-T2, Volume 8, No. 8, 1988.
Stock solutions of the following Peptides (1) through ~6) in accordance with the present invention are prepared at a concentration of 512 ~g/ml in sterile deionized distilled water and storsd at -70C.
Peptide 1 has the following structural formula:
(SEQ ID NO:l)-OH.
Peptlde lA has the following structural formula:
(SEQ ID NO:l)-NH2.
Peptide 2 has the following structural formula:
(SEQ ID NO:2-)-OH.
Peptide 3 has the following structural formula:
(SEQ ID NO:3)-OH.
Peptide 4 has the following str1ctural formula: :
(SEQ ID NO:4)-OH.
Peptide 5 has the following structural formula:
: ' .,. . .. .. ........ ~, ... .. . ~ , ; ., . .: .
- - ::::: - . , , . :
W O 92/18146 PC~r/US92/03069 `~ ' , ',,' ,, ," - -2083~9~ -12- ~
(SEQ ID NO:5)-OH.
Peptide 6 has the following s~ruc~ural form~la: -(SEQ ID NO:6)-OH.
The stock peptide solution is diluted in serial dilutior.s (l:2) down the wells of a microtiter plate so that the f na!
concentrations of peptides in the wells are 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, `
8, 16, 3~, 64, 128, and 256 ~g/ml. 1-5 X 105 CFUs/ml of eit~.e~
S. aureus ATCC 25923, E. coli ATCC 25922, or . aeru-inosa ATC~
27353 were added to the wells in ~ull strength Muelle~ Hir.ton broth (B8L 11443) ~rom a mid-log culture. The lnoculum ls s~andarized spectrophotometrically at 600nm and is veri'.s~ by colony counts. The plates are incubated for 16-20 hours at 37C, and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for each peD_lde is determined. Minimal inhibitory concentration is defined as the lowest concentration of peptide which produces a clea; well !;
in the microtiter plate. The results are given in Table I below.
, Pe~tide MIC (ua/ml) S.aureus P.aeru31nosa E.coli (1) 4 128 64 (la) 4 128 32 (2) 32 256 64 .
(3) 32 256 32 .
In addition to the macrolides hereinabove described, rifamycin, carbenicillin, and nafcillin may be employed as w911.
Other antiblotic~ Which may bo used ~whother or not hydrophobic) are antiblotics whic~ are 50-S ribosome inhibitors such as lincomycin; clindamycin; and chloramphenicol; etc.;
antibiotics which havc a large lipid like lactone ring, such as mystatin; pimaricin, etc.
The peptide and antibiotic may be adminstered by direct administration to a target cell or by systemic or topical .
administration to a host which includes the target cell, in order to prevent, destroy or inhibit the growth of a target cell. :
Target cells whose growth may be prevented, inhibited, or -.
des_royed by the administration of the peptides and antibiotic ''~ ''.
' ' .~ .
~ 092/18146 PCT/US92/03069 - ;2083~94 - 10- .:
include Gram-posi~ive and Gram-negative ba-teria as w~Ll as fungal cells.
~h~ antibiotic such as those heieinabove described, or de-ivatives or analogues thereof, when used topically, is .
generally employed in a concent-ation of about 0.1% to about 10%.
When used systemically, the antibiot c or derivative or analogue thereof is generally employed in an amount of from 1.2; mg. to .:
about 45 mg per kg. of host weight per day. Peptide dosages may be those as hereinabove described.
As representative examples of administering the pept-de ani antibiotic for topical or local adminis'ration, the peptide cou!d be admnistersd in an amount of from about 0.1% to about lC% .....
weight to weight, and the an~.biotic is delivered in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 10% weight to weight. .
In accordance with another embodiment, the pe~tides of the present invention may be administered in combination with an antiparasitic agent or an antifungal agent.
Antiparasitic aqents which may be employed include, but are not limited to, anti-protozoan agents. Examples o' specific anti-parasitic agents which may be employsd include, but are not llmited to, pentamidine isethionate, and propamidine isethionate (Brolene). .
Anti-ungal a~ents which may be employed includ~, but are not limitsd to, ketoconazole. It i6 also to be unterstood that certain anti-parasltic agents, may also have anti-fungal activity, and that certain anti-fungal agents may have anti-parasitic activity.
In accordance with another embodiment, the peptides of the ~
present invention may be administered in combination with an -antibiotic which inhibits DNA gyrase, which is an enzyme involved in the formation of bonds between inc' -idual coiling st~ands Oc replicating bacterial DNA. Thus, DNA gyrase is necessary for the ~
normal replication of bacte-ial DNA, and, therefore, antibiotics - .
: ,: . , : . ; : . . - :; :
.:
WO 92/18i46 PCT/US92/03069 `: 2~83594 whic~ inhibit DNA gyrase inh~bit the normal replication of bacte-ial DNA.
Exam~les o. an~ibiotics which i~hibit DNA gyrase incll~de nal~dixic acid, oxolinic acid, cinoxacin, and quinolone a~.ibio~ics which include ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxa-ln, enoxacin, pefloxacin, lomefloxacin, fleroxacin, tosulfloxacin, tema10xacin, and ru10xacin.
In accordance with another embodlment, the peptides of the present invention may be administered for the purpose hereinabo~.~e describe in combination with other biologically active amphiphil,c peptides, or in com~ination with ion channel-fo~m n~
proteins.
The invention will now be further described with respec' to the following examples; however, the scope of the presen. -invention is not to be limited thereby.
ExamDle 1 - Antibacterial A~saY
The procedure for tho following antibacterial assay is based upon the guidelines of the National Committ-c for Clinical ~aboratory Standards, Document M7-T2, Volume 8, No. 8, 1988.
Stock solutions of the following Peptides (1) through ~6) in accordance with the present invention are prepared at a concentration of 512 ~g/ml in sterile deionized distilled water and storsd at -70C.
Peptide 1 has the following structural formula:
(SEQ ID NO:l)-OH.
Peptlde lA has the following structural formula:
(SEQ ID NO:l)-NH2.
Peptide 2 has the following structural formula:
(SEQ ID NO:2-)-OH.
Peptide 3 has the following structural formula:
(SEQ ID NO:3)-OH.
Peptide 4 has the following str1ctural formula: :
(SEQ ID NO:4)-OH.
Peptide 5 has the following structural formula:
: ' .,. . .. .. ........ ~, ... .. . ~ , ; ., . .: .
- - ::::: - . , , . :
W O 92/18146 PC~r/US92/03069 `~ ' , ',,' ,, ," - -2083~9~ -12- ~
(SEQ ID NO:5)-OH.
Peptide 6 has the following s~ruc~ural form~la: -(SEQ ID NO:6)-OH.
The stock peptide solution is diluted in serial dilutior.s (l:2) down the wells of a microtiter plate so that the f na!
concentrations of peptides in the wells are 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, `
8, 16, 3~, 64, 128, and 256 ~g/ml. 1-5 X 105 CFUs/ml of eit~.e~
S. aureus ATCC 25923, E. coli ATCC 25922, or . aeru-inosa ATC~
27353 were added to the wells in ~ull strength Muelle~ Hir.ton broth (B8L 11443) ~rom a mid-log culture. The lnoculum ls s~andarized spectrophotometrically at 600nm and is veri'.s~ by colony counts. The plates are incubated for 16-20 hours at 37C, and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for each peD_lde is determined. Minimal inhibitory concentration is defined as the lowest concentration of peptide which produces a clea; well !;
in the microtiter plate. The results are given in Table I below.
, Pe~tide MIC (ua/ml) S.aureus P.aeru31nosa E.coli (1) 4 128 64 (la) 4 128 32 (2) 32 256 64 .
(3) 32 256 32 .
(4) 4 ~256 128 (5) 4 128 32,6~
(6) 16 128 32,64 ~--The peptides of the present invention, whether administered alone or in combination with agents such-as toxic ions, antibiotics, or other biologically ac'ive peptides or proteins as ~ .
hereinabove described, may be employed in a wide variety o' pharmaceutical compositions in combination with a non-toxic pharmaceutical carrier or vehicle such as a filler, non-toxic ''';' ~
'~
' " .
2083~94 ~ :
buffer, or physiological saline solution. Such phar...ace~l. cal compositions may be used topically or systemically and r.a~ be in any suitable form such as a liquid, solid, semi-solid, injectab!e ~ --solution, tablet, ointm_nt, lotion, paste, capsule or the like.
The peptide and/or agent as hereinabove described may also be used in combination with adjuvants, protease inhibitors, or compatible drugs where such a combination is seen to be des rable or advantagsous in controlllng infec~lon caused by harm~ul mlcroorgaAlsms including protozoa, vi~uses, parasites, fungi an~
the like.
The peptide may be administerd to a host in par icular an animal, in an effec_ive antibiotic and/or anti-tumor and/or antiviral and/or antimicrobial and/or antispermicidal and/o~
antif~ngal and/or antiparasitic amoun_, or in an amount efec i~e to stimulate wound healing in a host. The peptides may be administerd either alone or in combination with a toxic ion, -antibiotic, or ion channel forming peptide or protein as horeinabove describod. When the peptide is admini~terod in comblnation with a toxic ion, the actlvity of the peptide i5 potentiated.
When the peptide is administered in combination with an agent as hereinsbove described, it is po~sibls to admini~ter the peptide and agent in ~parat~ forms. For ~xample, the agent may be administered systemically and the peptide may be administered topically.
When the peptide is adminitered topically, it may be --administered in combination with a water-soluble vehicle, said water-soluble vehicle being in the form of an ointment, cream, lotion, paste or the like. Examples of wat6r-soluble vehicles which may be employed include, but are not limited to, glycols, ~-such as polyethylene glycol, hydroxycellulose, and KY Jelly. The water-soluble vehicle is preferably _ee of an oily substance.
The peptide may also be employec. in combination wi~h a toxic ion as hereinabove described in the form of an oral com?osition "' '' " . . . ''. . :.: '',. " , - . ,, '.,, ' . ' ' ,~' ' ' ' ' . ' . :
.:
- ~ 208~5~4 -14- ~
fo~ oral hysiene. Such a composition may be incorporated into a . .:
wide va-iety of compositions and matezials used for oral hygiene purposes, which include, but are not limited to, toothpastes, mouthwashes, tooth gels, and tooth powders. Such composition may thus be used to treat or prevent periodontal disease, to prevent ~ :
or reduce plaque, and/or to prevent or treat or reduce dental caries. The peptide and toxic ion may be used to inhibit, prevent, or destroy the growth of StreDtococcuq mutans, which i5 associate~ wi~h den_al caries and perlodontal disease.
~ lume ous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings and, _here'ore, wi~hin ~he scope of the accompanying claims, the .
invention may be prac'icFd other than as particularly described. ~ ~
-: .. : ~ , . .. . .: :, . .. : . :. .:: . - , .. :. . . . , . , . -. .
W O 92/18146 PC~r/US92/03069 3 2~3~
S_QU_NC_ LISIING
(1) GEN_~A~ INFO~MA~ION: :
(i) AP~LICANT: Kari, U. Prasad Maloy, W. Lee Zasloff, Michael (ii) TI-LE OF INVEN.ION: Novel Biologically Activ~ PeF ie Compositions and Uses There~or ~lii) NUMBER OF SEQU_NCES: 6 (iv) CORRES?ONDENC_ ADDRESS:
(A) ADDRESSEE: Carella, Byrne, Bain, Gilf llan, Cecchi & Stewart (B) STREET: 6 Becker Farm Road (C) CITY: Ro~el-nd (D) STATE: Now J~r~ey (E) COUNTRY: USA
(F) ZIP: 07068 (v) COMPUTER READABLE FORM:
(A) MEDIUM TYPE: 3.5 inch di-~kette (B) COMPUTER: IBM PS/2 (C) OPERATING SYSTEM: PC-DOS :
(D) SOFTWARE: DW4.V2 (viii) ATTORNEY/AGENT INFORMATION:
(A) NAME: 01stein, Elliot M.
(B) REGISTRATION NUMBER: 24,025 (C) REFERENCE/DOCKET NUMBER: 421250-117 :
(ix) TELECOMMUNICATION INFORMATION:
(A) TELEPHONE: 201-994-1700 WO 92/18l46 PCT/US92/03069 . ~ ;. æ.~ 4 .
(B) TELEEAX: 201-94-1744 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:l (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS
(A) LENGTH: 20 amino aoids (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear ~il) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide ~, (vi) ORIGINAL SOURCE ~
(A) ORGANISM: Rana cat~s~iana :
(ix) FEATU~E:
20 (D) OTHER INFORMATION: disulfide bond between cysl4 a~d Cys . ' :.
(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:l: ~ .
Phe Leu Gly Gly Leu Ile Lys Ile Val Pro 5 10 .
Ala Met Ile Cys Ala Val Thr Lys Lys Cys ;
', ', ' (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:2 .
(i) SEQUENCE C~ARACTERISTICS
(A) LENGTH: 20 amino acids -(B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide (ix) FEATURE:
2~83~94 (D) OTRER I~IFORMATION: disulfide bond between cysl4 and :~
CyS20 ' ' .
(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:2:
Gly Leu vly Gly Leu Ile Lys Ile Val Pro 5 1 0 . ~
Ala Met Ile Cys Ala Val Thr Lys Lys Cys ~2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:3 (i) SEQUENCE CXARACTERISTICS:
(A) LENGT'.. : 20 amino acids ~ .
(B) TY~E: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear :
(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide (ix) FEATURE:
(D) OT~ER INFORMATION: dlsulfide bond botween Cysl4 and Cy~20 (xl) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:3: :
Gly Leu Gly LYB Lou Il- Ly- Ilo V~l Pro Ala Met Ile Cys Ala Val Thr Lys Lys Cys (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:4 (i) SEQUENCE C~ARACTERISTICS:
(A) LENGTH: 20 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid :
(D) TOPQLOGY: linear (ii) MOLECULE TYPE peptlde , : :: 2083~9~
-18- :.
. . ' . ,:
(ix3 FEAT~RE:
(D) OTH~R INS~ORMATIO~l: dis~ de bond botweon cys14 ar.d ~ .
CyS20 ::' ' .' - . .. . ~, (xi) SEQUENC~ DEaCRIPTION: SEQ ID ~10:4: i -Phe Leu Gly Gly Lu Ile Lys Ile Val Gly :
Ala Met Ile Cys Ala Val Thr Lys Lys Cys , (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:5 (i) SEQUENCE C~ARACTERISTICS:
(A) LENGTH: 20 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear :
.:
(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide .:
'',~':
(iX) FEATURE:
(D) OTHER INFORMATION: disulfide bond between cysl4 and CyS20 ~.' ' (xl) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID ~0:5: :
Phe Leu Cly Gly ~OU ~ le Lys I le Val Pro Ala Leu Ile Cys Ala Val Thr Lys Ly5 Cys : 15 20 - (2) INF0RMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:6 -: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:
(A) LENGTH: 20 amino acids ~ ~ (B) TYPE: amino acid :~ (D) TOPOLOGY: linear ` `' -, . ' , ~ ' .
~ ' ' ' . ' ..... . .. .. . . . ...... ... . . .... . .... . ..... . . . . . . .. . . . ... . . . .
W O 92/18146 PC~r/US92103069 : .
2083S9~ ~
-19- .. :.
(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide (ix) FEATU~-:
(D) OTHER INFORMATION: disulfide bond between Cysl4 and CyS20 ~ ~
:
(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:6: -:
Pho Lsu Gly Gly Leu Ile Lys Ile Val Pro S 10 ' ' Ala Ile Ile Cys Ala Val Th- Lye Lys Cys .
.
.~; .
.'.
.;
.,:
': .
' :.
: ~: ..
, , ,'.':::. ~: .:
hereinabove described, may be employed in a wide variety o' pharmaceutical compositions in combination with a non-toxic pharmaceutical carrier or vehicle such as a filler, non-toxic ''';' ~
'~
' " .
2083~94 ~ :
buffer, or physiological saline solution. Such phar...ace~l. cal compositions may be used topically or systemically and r.a~ be in any suitable form such as a liquid, solid, semi-solid, injectab!e ~ --solution, tablet, ointm_nt, lotion, paste, capsule or the like.
The peptide and/or agent as hereinabove described may also be used in combination with adjuvants, protease inhibitors, or compatible drugs where such a combination is seen to be des rable or advantagsous in controlllng infec~lon caused by harm~ul mlcroorgaAlsms including protozoa, vi~uses, parasites, fungi an~
the like.
The peptide may be administerd to a host in par icular an animal, in an effec_ive antibiotic and/or anti-tumor and/or antiviral and/or antimicrobial and/or antispermicidal and/o~
antif~ngal and/or antiparasitic amoun_, or in an amount efec i~e to stimulate wound healing in a host. The peptides may be administerd either alone or in combination with a toxic ion, -antibiotic, or ion channel forming peptide or protein as horeinabove describod. When the peptide is admini~terod in comblnation with a toxic ion, the actlvity of the peptide i5 potentiated.
When the peptide is administered in combination with an agent as hereinsbove described, it is po~sibls to admini~ter the peptide and agent in ~parat~ forms. For ~xample, the agent may be administered systemically and the peptide may be administered topically.
When the peptide is adminitered topically, it may be --administered in combination with a water-soluble vehicle, said water-soluble vehicle being in the form of an ointment, cream, lotion, paste or the like. Examples of wat6r-soluble vehicles which may be employed include, but are not limited to, glycols, ~-such as polyethylene glycol, hydroxycellulose, and KY Jelly. The water-soluble vehicle is preferably _ee of an oily substance.
The peptide may also be employec. in combination wi~h a toxic ion as hereinabove described in the form of an oral com?osition "' '' " . . . ''. . :.: '',. " , - . ,, '.,, ' . ' ' ,~' ' ' ' ' . ' . :
.:
- ~ 208~5~4 -14- ~
fo~ oral hysiene. Such a composition may be incorporated into a . .:
wide va-iety of compositions and matezials used for oral hygiene purposes, which include, but are not limited to, toothpastes, mouthwashes, tooth gels, and tooth powders. Such composition may thus be used to treat or prevent periodontal disease, to prevent ~ :
or reduce plaque, and/or to prevent or treat or reduce dental caries. The peptide and toxic ion may be used to inhibit, prevent, or destroy the growth of StreDtococcuq mutans, which i5 associate~ wi~h den_al caries and perlodontal disease.
~ lume ous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings and, _here'ore, wi~hin ~he scope of the accompanying claims, the .
invention may be prac'icFd other than as particularly described. ~ ~
-: .. : ~ , . .. . .: :, . .. : . :. .:: . - , .. :. . . . , . , . -. .
W O 92/18146 PC~r/US92/03069 3 2~3~
S_QU_NC_ LISIING
(1) GEN_~A~ INFO~MA~ION: :
(i) AP~LICANT: Kari, U. Prasad Maloy, W. Lee Zasloff, Michael (ii) TI-LE OF INVEN.ION: Novel Biologically Activ~ PeF ie Compositions and Uses There~or ~lii) NUMBER OF SEQU_NCES: 6 (iv) CORRES?ONDENC_ ADDRESS:
(A) ADDRESSEE: Carella, Byrne, Bain, Gilf llan, Cecchi & Stewart (B) STREET: 6 Becker Farm Road (C) CITY: Ro~el-nd (D) STATE: Now J~r~ey (E) COUNTRY: USA
(F) ZIP: 07068 (v) COMPUTER READABLE FORM:
(A) MEDIUM TYPE: 3.5 inch di-~kette (B) COMPUTER: IBM PS/2 (C) OPERATING SYSTEM: PC-DOS :
(D) SOFTWARE: DW4.V2 (viii) ATTORNEY/AGENT INFORMATION:
(A) NAME: 01stein, Elliot M.
(B) REGISTRATION NUMBER: 24,025 (C) REFERENCE/DOCKET NUMBER: 421250-117 :
(ix) TELECOMMUNICATION INFORMATION:
(A) TELEPHONE: 201-994-1700 WO 92/18l46 PCT/US92/03069 . ~ ;. æ.~ 4 .
(B) TELEEAX: 201-94-1744 (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:l (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS
(A) LENGTH: 20 amino aoids (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear ~il) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide ~, (vi) ORIGINAL SOURCE ~
(A) ORGANISM: Rana cat~s~iana :
(ix) FEATU~E:
20 (D) OTHER INFORMATION: disulfide bond between cysl4 a~d Cys . ' :.
(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:l: ~ .
Phe Leu Gly Gly Leu Ile Lys Ile Val Pro 5 10 .
Ala Met Ile Cys Ala Val Thr Lys Lys Cys ;
', ', ' (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:2 .
(i) SEQUENCE C~ARACTERISTICS
(A) LENGTH: 20 amino acids -(B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear (ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide (ix) FEATURE:
2~83~94 (D) OTRER I~IFORMATION: disulfide bond between cysl4 and :~
CyS20 ' ' .
(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:2:
Gly Leu vly Gly Leu Ile Lys Ile Val Pro 5 1 0 . ~
Ala Met Ile Cys Ala Val Thr Lys Lys Cys ~2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:3 (i) SEQUENCE CXARACTERISTICS:
(A) LENGT'.. : 20 amino acids ~ .
(B) TY~E: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear :
(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide (ix) FEATURE:
(D) OT~ER INFORMATION: dlsulfide bond botween Cysl4 and Cy~20 (xl) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:3: :
Gly Leu Gly LYB Lou Il- Ly- Ilo V~l Pro Ala Met Ile Cys Ala Val Thr Lys Lys Cys (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:4 (i) SEQUENCE C~ARACTERISTICS:
(A) LENGTH: 20 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid :
(D) TOPQLOGY: linear (ii) MOLECULE TYPE peptlde , : :: 2083~9~
-18- :.
. . ' . ,:
(ix3 FEAT~RE:
(D) OTH~R INS~ORMATIO~l: dis~ de bond botweon cys14 ar.d ~ .
CyS20 ::' ' .' - . .. . ~, (xi) SEQUENC~ DEaCRIPTION: SEQ ID ~10:4: i -Phe Leu Gly Gly Lu Ile Lys Ile Val Gly :
Ala Met Ile Cys Ala Val Thr Lys Lys Cys , (2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:5 (i) SEQUENCE C~ARACTERISTICS:
(A) LENGTH: 20 amino acids (B) TYPE: amino acid (D) TOPOLOGY: linear :
.:
(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide .:
'',~':
(iX) FEATURE:
(D) OTHER INFORMATION: disulfide bond between cysl4 and CyS20 ~.' ' (xl) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID ~0:5: :
Phe Leu Cly Gly ~OU ~ le Lys I le Val Pro Ala Leu Ile Cys Ala Val Thr Lys Ly5 Cys : 15 20 - (2) INF0RMATION FOR SEQ ID NO:6 -: (i) SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTICS:
(A) LENGTH: 20 amino acids ~ ~ (B) TYPE: amino acid :~ (D) TOPOLOGY: linear ` `' -, . ' , ~ ' .
~ ' ' ' . ' ..... . .. .. . . . ...... ... . . .... . .... . ..... . . . . . . .. . . . ... . . . .
W O 92/18146 PC~r/US92103069 : .
2083S9~ ~
-19- .. :.
(ii) MOLECULE TYPE: peptide (ix) FEATU~-:
(D) OTHER INFORMATION: disulfide bond between Cysl4 and CyS20 ~ ~
:
(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO:6: -:
Pho Lsu Gly Gly Leu Ile Lys Ile Val Pro S 10 ' ' Ala Ile Ile Cys Ala Val Th- Lye Lys Cys .
.
.~; .
.'.
.;
.,:
': .
' :.
: ~: ..
, , ,'.':::. ~: .:
Claims (16)
1. A biologically active amphiphilic peptide, said peptide including the following basic structure:
R1-R1-R1-R4-R1-R1-R2-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1a-R1-R1-R3-R2-R2-R1a, wherein R1 and R1a are hydrophobic amino acids, R2 is a basic hydrophilic amino acid, R3 is a neutral hydrophilic amino acid, and R4 is a hydrophobic or basic hydrophilic amino acid.
R1-R1-R1-R4-R1-R1-R2-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1a-R1-R1-R3-R2-R2-R1a, wherein R1 and R1a are hydrophobic amino acids, R2 is a basic hydrophilic amino acid, R3 is a neutral hydrophilic amino acid, and R4 is a hydrophobic or basic hydrophilic amino acid.
2. The peptide of Claim 1 wherein R1a is a cysteine.
3. The peptide of Claim 2 wherein said peptide is selected from the class consisting of:
(SEQ ID NO:1);
(SEQ ID NO:2);
(SEQ ID NO:3);
(SEQ ID NO:4);
(SEQ ID NO:5); and (SEQ ID NO:6).
(SEQ ID NO:1);
(SEQ ID NO:2);
(SEQ ID NO:3);
(SEQ ID NO:4);
(SEQ ID NO:5); and (SEQ ID NO:6).
4. A process for inhibiting growth of a target cell, virus, or virally-infected cell comprising:
administering a biologically active amphiphilic peptide, said peptide including the following basic sturcutre:
R1-R1-R1-R4-R1-R1-R2-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1a-R1-R1-R3-R2-R2-R1a, wherein R1 and R1a are hydrophobic amino acids, R2 is a basic hydrophilic amino acid, R3 is a neutral hydrophilic amino acid, and R4 is a hydrophobic or basic hydrophilic amino acid.
administering a biologically active amphiphilic peptide, said peptide including the following basic sturcutre:
R1-R1-R1-R4-R1-R1-R2-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1-R1a-R1-R1-R3-R2-R2-R1a, wherein R1 and R1a are hydrophobic amino acids, R2 is a basic hydrophilic amino acid, R3 is a neutral hydrophilic amino acid, and R4 is a hydrophobic or basic hydrophilic amino acid.
5. The process of Claim 4 wherein R1a is cysteine.
6. The process of Claim 5 wherein said peptide is selected from the class consisting of:
(SEQ ID NO:1);
(SEQ ID NO:2);
(SEQ ID NO:3);
(SEQ ID NO:4);
(SEQ ID NO:5); and (SEQ ID NO:6).
(SEQ ID NO:1);
(SEQ ID NO:2);
(SEQ ID NO:3);
(SEQ ID NO:4);
(SEQ ID NO:5); and (SEQ ID NO:6).
7. The process of Claim 3 wherein said administering is to an animal host in an effective anti-tumor amount.
8. The process of Claim 3 wherein said administering is to a host in an effective anti-viral amount.
9. The process of Claim 3 wherein said administering is to a host in an effective anti-microbial amount.
10. The process of Claim 3 wherein said administering is to an animal host in an effective anti-parasitic amount.
11. The process of Claim 3 wherein said administering is to an animal host in an effective antibiotic amount.
12. The process of Claim 3 wherein said administering is to an animal host in an effective anti-spermicidal amount.
13. The process of Claim 3 wherein said administering is to an animal host in an amount effective in healing of a wound in said animal host.
14. A composition comprising the peptide of Claim 1, and a pharmaceutical carrier.
15. The composition of Claim 14 wherein said peptide is present in an amount effective to inhibit growth of a target cell, virus, or virally-infected cell.
16. The peptide of Claim 1 wherein each amino acid residue is a D-amino acid residue or glycine.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/686,116 US5225399A (en) | 1991-04-15 | 1991-04-15 | Antimicrobial amphiphilic peptides |
| US686,116 | 1991-04-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2083594A1 true CA2083594A1 (en) | 1992-10-16 |
Family
ID=24754984
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002083594A Abandoned CA2083594A1 (en) | 1991-04-15 | 1992-04-14 | Biologically active peptide compositions and uses therefor |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5225399A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0544860A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH06500573A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU652261B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2083594A1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL101587A0 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ242342A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992018146A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5646119A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1997-07-08 | Periodontix, Inc. | D-amino acid histatin-based peptides as anti-fungal and anti-bacterial agents |
| US5631228A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1997-05-20 | Periodontix, Inc. | Anti-fungal and anti-bacterial histatin-based peptides |
| US5912230A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1999-06-15 | Periodontix, Inc. | Anti-fungal and anti-bacterial histatin-based peptides |
| US5486503A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1996-01-23 | The Trustees Of Boston University | Anti-fungal histatin-based peptides |
| US5885965A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1999-03-23 | Periodontix, Inc. | Anti-fungal D-amino acid histatin-based peptides |
| AU6086894A (en) * | 1993-01-13 | 1994-08-15 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Synthetic amphipathic peptides with antimicrobial activity |
| US5607914A (en) * | 1993-01-13 | 1997-03-04 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Synthetic antimicrobial peptides |
| WO1995000547A1 (en) * | 1993-06-22 | 1995-01-05 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Antimicrobial composition of a polymer and a peptide forming amphiphilic helices of the magainin-type |
| US5750119A (en) * | 1994-01-13 | 1998-05-12 | Mount Sinai School Of Medicine Of The City University Of New York | Immunotherapeutic stress protein-peptide complexes against cancer |
| GB9504761D0 (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1995-04-26 | Unilever Plc | Amphiphilic peptide and analogs thereof |
| US5834430A (en) * | 1995-05-31 | 1998-11-10 | Biosynth S.R.L. | Potentiation of antibiotics |
| US6531573B1 (en) | 1997-12-18 | 2003-03-11 | Trustees Of Boston University | Antifungal and antibacterial peptides |
| AU5564299A (en) * | 1998-08-14 | 2000-03-06 | Bionebraska, Inc. | Antimicrobial peptides isolated from the skin of american frogs |
| US7056893B2 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2006-06-06 | Insite Vision, Inc. | Topical treatment for prevention of ocular infections |
| US6239113B1 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2001-05-29 | Insite Vision, Incorporated | Topical treatment or prevention of ocular infections |
| EP2027937A1 (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-02-25 | DuPont Powder Coatings Ibérica, S.L. | Process of powder coating aluminium substrates |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4507230A (en) * | 1982-05-12 | 1985-03-26 | Research Corporation | Peptide synthesis reagents and method of use |
| US4810777A (en) * | 1987-03-04 | 1989-03-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services | Antimicrobial compounds |
| WO1990004408A1 (en) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-05-03 | Magainin Sciences, Inc. | Composition and treatment with biologically active peptides and certain anions |
| US4962277A (en) * | 1988-12-09 | 1990-10-09 | Scripps Clinic And Research Foundation | Deletion analogues of magainin peptides |
-
1991
- 1991-04-15 US US07/686,116 patent/US5225399A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-04-13 NZ NZ242342A patent/NZ242342A/en unknown
- 1992-04-13 IL IL101587A patent/IL101587A0/en unknown
- 1992-04-14 CA CA002083594A patent/CA2083594A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-04-14 EP EP92911385A patent/EP0544860A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-04-14 AU AU19149/92A patent/AU652261B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-04-14 JP JP4511399A patent/JPH06500573A/en active Pending
- 1992-04-14 WO PCT/US1992/003069 patent/WO1992018146A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU1914992A (en) | 1992-11-17 |
| NZ242342A (en) | 1993-08-26 |
| AU652261B2 (en) | 1994-08-18 |
| EP0544860A1 (en) | 1993-06-09 |
| WO1992018146A1 (en) | 1992-10-29 |
| IL101587A0 (en) | 1992-12-30 |
| US5225399A (en) | 1993-07-06 |
| EP0544860A4 (en) | 1994-02-02 |
| JPH06500573A (en) | 1994-01-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Discontinued |