CA2102688A1 - Method for removing coatings from compact discs - Google Patents
Method for removing coatings from compact discsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2102688A1 CA2102688A1 CA002102688A CA2102688A CA2102688A1 CA 2102688 A1 CA2102688 A1 CA 2102688A1 CA 002102688 A CA002102688 A CA 002102688A CA 2102688 A CA2102688 A CA 2102688A CA 2102688 A1 CA2102688 A1 CA 2102688A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- discs
- range
- alkaline solution
- solution
- liter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
- G11B7/241—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0007—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap or any other metal source
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0293—Dissolving the materials in gases or liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0293—Dissolving the materials in gases or liquids
- B29B2017/0296—Dissolving the materials in aqueous alkaline solutions, e.g. NaOH or KOH
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2069/00—Use of PC, i.e. polycarbonates or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
- B29K2705/02—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2009/00—Layered products
- B29L2009/005—Layered products coated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2017/00—Carriers for sound or information
- B29L2017/001—Carriers of records containing fine grooves or impressions, e.g. disc records for needle playback, cylinder records
- B29L2017/003—Records or discs
- B29L2017/005—CD''s, DVD''s
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
- G11B7/241—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material
- G11B7/252—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers
- G11B7/253—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers of substrates
- G11B7/2533—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers of substrates comprising resins
- G11B7/2534—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers of substrates comprising resins polycarbonates [PC]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
- G11B7/241—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material
- G11B7/252—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers
- G11B7/254—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers of protective topcoat layers
- G11B7/2542—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers of protective topcoat layers consisting essentially of organic resins
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
- G11B7/241—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material
- G11B7/252—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers
- G11B7/258—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers of reflective layers
- G11B7/2585—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers of reflective layers based on aluminium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Manufacturing Optical Record Carriers (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Optical Record Carriers And Manufacture Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A method for removing the lacquer and aluminum coatings from the polycarbonate substrate of scrap compact discs so as to reclaim the polycarbonate includes the steps of immersing the discs in a an alkaline solution, heating the solution to a predetermined temperature and mechanically agitating the immersed discs by applying ultrasonic energy to the solution at a sufficient energy density and for a sufficient time to dissolve the lacquer and the aluminum into the solution.
The solution containing the dissolved lacquer and aluminum is decanted from the stripped polycarbonate discs, the discs are washed with water to remove remanent alkaline solution, and then dried.
A method for removing the lacquer and aluminum coatings from the polycarbonate substrate of scrap compact discs so as to reclaim the polycarbonate includes the steps of immersing the discs in a an alkaline solution, heating the solution to a predetermined temperature and mechanically agitating the immersed discs by applying ultrasonic energy to the solution at a sufficient energy density and for a sufficient time to dissolve the lacquer and the aluminum into the solution.
The solution containing the dissolved lacquer and aluminum is decanted from the stripped polycarbonate discs, the discs are washed with water to remove remanent alkaline solution, and then dried.
Description
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CANADA
METHOD FOR REMOVING COATI~GS
FROM COMPACT DISCS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the treatment of compact discs to remove the coatings normally applied to its polycarbonate substrate during manufacturing, and more particularly has to do with a method for the removal of such coatings in order to reclaim the polycarbonate.
As is well known, the compact disc is becoming an increasingly popular medium for the replication of audio programs. As currently manufactured, the compact disc comprises a thin circular polycarbonate substrate approximately 4-3/4 inches in diameter and having a central aperture adapted to be received on the centering mechanism of a disc player. Usually, the disc incorporates digitally encoded information on one surface thereof which is adapted to be laser-read by the disc player. The information-bearing surface of the substrate is coated with a thin film of aluminum which, in turn, is covered with a protective lacquer coating, of which two types are currently in common use. One is a cellulose nitrate based material in a suitable solvent such as toluene (so-called solvent based lacquer) and the other is an ultra-violet cured acrylic based material.
Information regarding the programs recorded on the disc is printed in ink on the lacquer coating.
In the course of manufacture and distribution of such compact discs, many are scrapped as production rejects, or as a consequence of returns and inventory obsolescence, which presents a serious problem of ,': . ~ : . ' ' ' ' . . .
CANADA
METHOD FOR REMOVING COATI~GS
FROM COMPACT DISCS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the treatment of compact discs to remove the coatings normally applied to its polycarbonate substrate during manufacturing, and more particularly has to do with a method for the removal of such coatings in order to reclaim the polycarbonate.
As is well known, the compact disc is becoming an increasingly popular medium for the replication of audio programs. As currently manufactured, the compact disc comprises a thin circular polycarbonate substrate approximately 4-3/4 inches in diameter and having a central aperture adapted to be received on the centering mechanism of a disc player. Usually, the disc incorporates digitally encoded information on one surface thereof which is adapted to be laser-read by the disc player. The information-bearing surface of the substrate is coated with a thin film of aluminum which, in turn, is covered with a protective lacquer coating, of which two types are currently in common use. One is a cellulose nitrate based material in a suitable solvent such as toluene (so-called solvent based lacquer) and the other is an ultra-violet cured acrylic based material.
Information regarding the programs recorded on the disc is printed in ink on the lacquer coating.
In the course of manufacture and distribution of such compact discs, many are scrapped as production rejects, or as a consequence of returns and inventory obsolescence, which presents a serious problem of ,': . ~ : . ' ' ' ' . . .
2:L~2~8g disposal. Currently, they are either sold for scrap :f~ polycarbonate at a price which is very low (currently ;i about $.01 per pound) because of contamination by the coatings or, if not salable at any price, discarded in a ; landfill. If the coatings are removed, the polycarbonate is more salable in that it can be re-used for the fabrication of compact discs or other parts and fetches a reasonable price, currently $.24 per pound, which at the same time, eliminates the need to landfill the scrapped discs.
The primary object of the present invention is to provide a process for removing the coatings from the ~; polycarbonate substrate of compact discs so as to reclaim the polycarbonate.
Another object of the invention is to provide a ~i process for treating compact discs to remove the coatings from its polycarbonate substrate that will free the protective lacquer coating regardless of its type.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Briefly, the process according to the invention for the treatment of compact discs to remove the coatings therefrom to free the polycarbonate substrate comprises the steps of mechanically agitating the discs with ,; ultrasonic energy while they are immersed in a heated ~-alkaline solution until the coatings are stripped from the substrate, and then rinsing and drying the stripped polycarbonate discs.
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Applicant has found, surprisingly, that it is possible to strip the protective lacquer layer, whether W cured or solvent-based, and the underlying aluminum film, from the polycarbonate substrate of compact discs, without causing dissolution of the polycarbonate, by placing a quantity of the discs in a perforated barrel supported for rotation in an ultrasonic tank containing an aqueous alkaline solution of an alkaline salt or a base, a chelating additive and a surfactant, and as the barrel is rotated agitating the discs with ultrasonic energy for a time sufficient to completely remove the coatings from the substrate. The long axis of rotation of the barrel is disposed horizontally, and the barrel, which typically may be sixteen inches in diameter and twenty inches long, has round openings or holes, three to four inches in diameter, in its walls to facilitate flow of the solution to and from the interior of the barrel and floating of removed flakes of lacquer out of the ~:
barrel for settling onto the bottom of the tank. Any desired number of discs, up to the capacity of the barrel, are loaded into the barrel.
The tank in which the barrel is supported is filled with an aqueous alkaline solution containing:
(1) an alkaline salt or a base which preferably is a mixture of alkali metal phosphate, alkali metal hydroxide and alkali metal carbonate, wherein the metal may be either sodium or potassium; (2) a chelating additive selected from the alkali metal salts of citric acid, ~. ~
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ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), gluconic acid ; and nitrilotriacetic acid; and (3) a wetting agent selected from the group including sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate, fatty acid esters and ; sodium lauryl sulfate. Following is a working alkaline composition range for the three basic constituents:
~ alkaline salt or a base - 30 to 500 gm/liter;
The primary object of the present invention is to provide a process for removing the coatings from the ~; polycarbonate substrate of compact discs so as to reclaim the polycarbonate.
Another object of the invention is to provide a ~i process for treating compact discs to remove the coatings from its polycarbonate substrate that will free the protective lacquer coating regardless of its type.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Briefly, the process according to the invention for the treatment of compact discs to remove the coatings therefrom to free the polycarbonate substrate comprises the steps of mechanically agitating the discs with ,; ultrasonic energy while they are immersed in a heated ~-alkaline solution until the coatings are stripped from the substrate, and then rinsing and drying the stripped polycarbonate discs.
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Applicant has found, surprisingly, that it is possible to strip the protective lacquer layer, whether W cured or solvent-based, and the underlying aluminum film, from the polycarbonate substrate of compact discs, without causing dissolution of the polycarbonate, by placing a quantity of the discs in a perforated barrel supported for rotation in an ultrasonic tank containing an aqueous alkaline solution of an alkaline salt or a base, a chelating additive and a surfactant, and as the barrel is rotated agitating the discs with ultrasonic energy for a time sufficient to completely remove the coatings from the substrate. The long axis of rotation of the barrel is disposed horizontally, and the barrel, which typically may be sixteen inches in diameter and twenty inches long, has round openings or holes, three to four inches in diameter, in its walls to facilitate flow of the solution to and from the interior of the barrel and floating of removed flakes of lacquer out of the ~:
barrel for settling onto the bottom of the tank. Any desired number of discs, up to the capacity of the barrel, are loaded into the barrel.
The tank in which the barrel is supported is filled with an aqueous alkaline solution containing:
(1) an alkaline salt or a base which preferably is a mixture of alkali metal phosphate, alkali metal hydroxide and alkali metal carbonate, wherein the metal may be either sodium or potassium; (2) a chelating additive selected from the alkali metal salts of citric acid, ~. ~
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ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), gluconic acid ; and nitrilotriacetic acid; and (3) a wetting agent selected from the group including sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate, fatty acid esters and ; sodium lauryl sulfate. Following is a working alkaline composition range for the three basic constituents:
~ alkaline salt or a base - 30 to 500 gm/liter;
3 chelating additive - 0.5 to 100 gm/liter;
and wetting agent - 0.5 to 10 gm/liter.
The preferred composition range is: alkaline salt - 50 to 200 gm/liter; chelating additive - 5 to 50 gm/liter, and wetting agent - 1 to 5 gm/liter.
The alkaline solution is heated to a temperature in the range from about 130F to about 220F, and the barrel is rotated about its horizontal axis at a speed preferably in the range from 60 revolutions per minute to 100 revolutions per minute, so as to cause significant turbulence in the solution passing over the discs contained in the barrel. At the same time, the barrel is oscillated in the vertical direction at about one cycle/second with a displacement of about six inches, for ~1 additionally agitating the contained discs. The advantageous results of the process of stripping the lacquer coating are achieved in large part by applying to l the alkaline solution ultrasonic energy at a frequency in -i the range from about 20 kHz to about 40 kHz at a power j~ level consistent with the amount of material in the barrel; typically the power level may be in the range from about 10 to about 200 watts per liter of solution . ~
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contained in the tank. It has been determined that barrel rotation speeds as low as 10 rpm can be used, and that the faster the speed of rotation the faster the rate at which the coatings are stripped from the substrate.
Within the operational limits of the supporting structure and mechanism for rotating the barrel, acceptable results are obtainable at rotational speeds in the range from about 10 rpm to about 200 rpm, a range of about 60-100 rpm being preferred for a barrel of the size indicated.
The barrel is rotated and agitated for a time sufficient to flake off or dissolve the lacquer and dissolve into the solution the aluminum coatings from all discs of the batch which may take from about 1-1/2 to 2 hours for a fully loaded barrel of the size indicated immersed in an alkaline solution at a concentration and a temperature within the ranges indicated. The time required will vary with the frequency and power level of the ultrasonic energy, the speed of rotation of the barrel and other parameters such as solution concentration and temperature.
The process according to the invention will remove both of the lacquers commonly used today in manufacturing compacts discs; accordingly, if a batch of discs loaded into the barrel happens to be a mixture of some having UV
cured lacquer coating and others having a solvent based lacquer coating, both kinds will be dissolved at the same time without any adjustment in the process.
After the coatings have been stripped from all discs of the batch contained in the barrel, the alkaline .,, : .. ,: .: , ~
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solution along with the flaked and/or dissolved lacquer and dissolved aluminum is decanted from the barrel, leaving behind the stripped polycarbonate discs. The stripped discs are then washed with water, preferably at a temperature in the range from about 100F to about 210F, to remove remanent caustic solution from the discs. Following washing, the discs are dried in a suitable hot air dryer, such as the Hot Air Dryer manufactured and sold by Branson Ultrasonic Corporation, Danbury Connecticut, at a temperature in the range from about 100F to about 210F. The time required for rinsing and drying a barrel of discs is about fifteen minutes.
Example 1 Compact discs having a protective lacquer coating over an aluminum coating were placed in a barrel having a volume of 2 liters which was rotated at 60 rpm in a tank containing 20 liters of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate and sodium carbonate at concentrations of lO0 gm/liter, 50 gm/liter and 25 gm/liter, respectively, sodium lauryl sulfate at a concentration sufficient to keep the surface tension of the solution in a range from 40 to 50 dynes/cm, typically 1 gm/liter, the solution was heated to a temperature of 180 and subjected to one kilowatt of ultrasonic energy at a frequency of 20 kHz. The lacquer coating was stripped, and the aluminum coating dissolved, in about one hour.
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~- ~10'~6~8 Example 2 A batch of scrap compact discs was placed in a barrel having a volume of 15 liters which was immersed and rotated at 60 rpm in a tank containing 100 liters of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium tripoly phosphate and sodium lauryl phosphate at concentrations of 100 gm/liter, 50 gm/liter, 25 gm/liter and 1-5 gm/liter, respectively, the solution was heated to a temperature of 160 and subjected to 4 kilowatts of ultrasonic energy at a frequency of 20 kHz.
The lacquer coating was stripped and the aluminum coating dissolved, in about 1-1/2 hours. Similar results were observed when potassium hydroxide was used as the alkaline salt instead of sodium hydroxide.
Example 3 A batch of scrap compact discs was placed in a barrel having a volume of 20 liters which was immersed and rotated at 30 rpm in a tank containing 125 liters of an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, tetrasodium phosphate, EDTA and naphthalene sulfonate at concentrations of 50 gm/liter, 50 gm/liter, 50 gm/liter, 5 gm/liter and 5 gm/liter, respectively, the solution was heated to 160F and subjected to 8 kilowatts I of ultrasonic energy at 40 kHz. The lacquer coating was stripped and the aluminum coating dissolved in about 2 hours.
While several alkaline solutions having different ,. . ~ . :
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compositions have been described, and preferred ranges of concentrations of each constituent indicated, the process will work with any alkaline solution having a pH of about 13 and above. For practical purposes, the chemicals used and their concentrations should be such that the reaction between the alkaline solution and the lacquer and the aluminum proceeds at a rate deemed desirable by the practitioner of the method. Similarly, the speed of rotation of the barrel, the temperature to which the solution is heated, and the amount and frequency of the applied ultrasonic energy are such that the combined chemical reaction and mechanical agitation causes the stripping action to proceed at a rate deemed desirable by the practitioner.
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and wetting agent - 0.5 to 10 gm/liter.
The preferred composition range is: alkaline salt - 50 to 200 gm/liter; chelating additive - 5 to 50 gm/liter, and wetting agent - 1 to 5 gm/liter.
The alkaline solution is heated to a temperature in the range from about 130F to about 220F, and the barrel is rotated about its horizontal axis at a speed preferably in the range from 60 revolutions per minute to 100 revolutions per minute, so as to cause significant turbulence in the solution passing over the discs contained in the barrel. At the same time, the barrel is oscillated in the vertical direction at about one cycle/second with a displacement of about six inches, for ~1 additionally agitating the contained discs. The advantageous results of the process of stripping the lacquer coating are achieved in large part by applying to l the alkaline solution ultrasonic energy at a frequency in -i the range from about 20 kHz to about 40 kHz at a power j~ level consistent with the amount of material in the barrel; typically the power level may be in the range from about 10 to about 200 watts per liter of solution . ~
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contained in the tank. It has been determined that barrel rotation speeds as low as 10 rpm can be used, and that the faster the speed of rotation the faster the rate at which the coatings are stripped from the substrate.
Within the operational limits of the supporting structure and mechanism for rotating the barrel, acceptable results are obtainable at rotational speeds in the range from about 10 rpm to about 200 rpm, a range of about 60-100 rpm being preferred for a barrel of the size indicated.
The barrel is rotated and agitated for a time sufficient to flake off or dissolve the lacquer and dissolve into the solution the aluminum coatings from all discs of the batch which may take from about 1-1/2 to 2 hours for a fully loaded barrel of the size indicated immersed in an alkaline solution at a concentration and a temperature within the ranges indicated. The time required will vary with the frequency and power level of the ultrasonic energy, the speed of rotation of the barrel and other parameters such as solution concentration and temperature.
The process according to the invention will remove both of the lacquers commonly used today in manufacturing compacts discs; accordingly, if a batch of discs loaded into the barrel happens to be a mixture of some having UV
cured lacquer coating and others having a solvent based lacquer coating, both kinds will be dissolved at the same time without any adjustment in the process.
After the coatings have been stripped from all discs of the batch contained in the barrel, the alkaline .,, : .. ,: .: , ~
~2~g~
r'~
solution along with the flaked and/or dissolved lacquer and dissolved aluminum is decanted from the barrel, leaving behind the stripped polycarbonate discs. The stripped discs are then washed with water, preferably at a temperature in the range from about 100F to about 210F, to remove remanent caustic solution from the discs. Following washing, the discs are dried in a suitable hot air dryer, such as the Hot Air Dryer manufactured and sold by Branson Ultrasonic Corporation, Danbury Connecticut, at a temperature in the range from about 100F to about 210F. The time required for rinsing and drying a barrel of discs is about fifteen minutes.
Example 1 Compact discs having a protective lacquer coating over an aluminum coating were placed in a barrel having a volume of 2 liters which was rotated at 60 rpm in a tank containing 20 liters of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate and sodium carbonate at concentrations of lO0 gm/liter, 50 gm/liter and 25 gm/liter, respectively, sodium lauryl sulfate at a concentration sufficient to keep the surface tension of the solution in a range from 40 to 50 dynes/cm, typically 1 gm/liter, the solution was heated to a temperature of 180 and subjected to one kilowatt of ultrasonic energy at a frequency of 20 kHz. The lacquer coating was stripped, and the aluminum coating dissolved, in about one hour.
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,: ~
. . , 3' 'f , ':
~- ~10'~6~8 Example 2 A batch of scrap compact discs was placed in a barrel having a volume of 15 liters which was immersed and rotated at 60 rpm in a tank containing 100 liters of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium tripoly phosphate and sodium lauryl phosphate at concentrations of 100 gm/liter, 50 gm/liter, 25 gm/liter and 1-5 gm/liter, respectively, the solution was heated to a temperature of 160 and subjected to 4 kilowatts of ultrasonic energy at a frequency of 20 kHz.
The lacquer coating was stripped and the aluminum coating dissolved, in about 1-1/2 hours. Similar results were observed when potassium hydroxide was used as the alkaline salt instead of sodium hydroxide.
Example 3 A batch of scrap compact discs was placed in a barrel having a volume of 20 liters which was immersed and rotated at 30 rpm in a tank containing 125 liters of an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, tetrasodium phosphate, EDTA and naphthalene sulfonate at concentrations of 50 gm/liter, 50 gm/liter, 50 gm/liter, 5 gm/liter and 5 gm/liter, respectively, the solution was heated to 160F and subjected to 8 kilowatts I of ultrasonic energy at 40 kHz. The lacquer coating was stripped and the aluminum coating dissolved in about 2 hours.
While several alkaline solutions having different ,. . ~ . :
~02~88 , ~
compositions have been described, and preferred ranges of concentrations of each constituent indicated, the process will work with any alkaline solution having a pH of about 13 and above. For practical purposes, the chemicals used and their concentrations should be such that the reaction between the alkaline solution and the lacquer and the aluminum proceeds at a rate deemed desirable by the practitioner of the method. Similarly, the speed of rotation of the barrel, the temperature to which the solution is heated, and the amount and frequency of the applied ultrasonic energy are such that the combined chemical reaction and mechanical agitation causes the stripping action to proceed at a rate deemed desirable by the practitioner.
. , . ~. . - . :
:. . . . .
Claims (13)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method for removing the lacquer and aluminum coatings from the polycarbonate substrate of a compact disc, characterized by:
(a) immersing a batch of compact discs in an alkaline solution;
(b) heating said alkaline solution to a predetermined temperature;
(c) mechanically agitating said immersed discs by applying to said heated alkaline solution ultrasonic energy with a predetermined energy density, the alkaline solution being at a sufficient concentration and temperature and in contact with the agitated discs for a time sufficient to dissolve the lacquer and aluminum coatings into solution and to leave behind stripped polycarbonate discs;
(d) washing the stripped polycarbonate discs to remove remanent alkaline solution therefrom; and (e) drying the washed polycarbonate discs.
(a) immersing a batch of compact discs in an alkaline solution;
(b) heating said alkaline solution to a predetermined temperature;
(c) mechanically agitating said immersed discs by applying to said heated alkaline solution ultrasonic energy with a predetermined energy density, the alkaline solution being at a sufficient concentration and temperature and in contact with the agitated discs for a time sufficient to dissolve the lacquer and aluminum coatings into solution and to leave behind stripped polycarbonate discs;
(d) washing the stripped polycarbonate discs to remove remanent alkaline solution therefrom; and (e) drying the washed polycarbonate discs.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said batch of compact discs comprises compact discs coated with a solvent based lacquer coating and/or compact discs coated with a UV-cured acrylic lacquer coating.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkaline solution is at a pH of about 13 or more.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said alkaline solution is an aqueous solution of an alkaline salt or a base, a chelating additive and a wetting agent.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said alkaline solution is an aqueous solution of an alkali metal phosphate, alkali metal hydroxide or an alkali metal carbonate, wherein the metal is sodium or potassium, as an alkaline salt or a base;
an alkali metal salt of citric acid, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), gluconic acid or nitrilotriacetic acid as a chelating agent; and sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate, fatty acid esters and sodium lauryl sulfate as a wetting agent.
an alkali metal salt of citric acid, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), gluconic acid or nitrilotriacetic acid as a chelating agent; and sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate, fatty acid esters and sodium lauryl sulfate as a wetting agent.
6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, in said alkaline solution, said alkaline salt or a base has a concentration in the range from about 30 to about 500 gm/liter, said chelating agent has a concentration in the range from about 0.5 to about 100 gm/liter and said wetting agent has a concentration in the range from about 0.5 to about 10 gm/liter.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, in said alkaline solution, said alkaline salt or a has a concentration in the range from 60 to 200 gm/liter, said chelating agent has a concentration in the range from 5 to 50 gm.litter and said wetting agent has a concentration in the range from 1.0 to 5 gm/liter.
B. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said alkaline solution is contained in a tank, said batch of discs is contained in a rotatable perforate barrel which is immersed in the alkaline solution, and said barrel is rotated at a speed in the range from about 10 rpm to about 200 rpm.
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that said barrel is rotated at a speed in the range from about 60 rpm to about 100 rpm.
10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said discs are agitated by applying to said alkaline solution ultrasonic energy having a frequency in the range from about 20 to about 40 kHz with an energy density in the range from about 10 to about 200 watts per liter.
11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said alkaline solution is contained in a tank, said batch of discs is contained in a perforate cylindrical tank which is immersed and rotated in said alkaline solution at a speed in the range from about 60 to 100 rpm, and the discs of said batch are mechanically agitated by applying to said alkaline solution ultrasonic energy having a frequency in the range from 20 to 40 kHz with an energy density in the range from 10 to 200 watts per liter.
12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that said alkaline solution is contained in an ultrasonic tank, said batch of discs is placed in a perforate cylindrical barrel which is immersed in the alkaline solution and is rotated in said solution at a speed in the range from 60 to 100 rpm, and the discs contained in said barrel are mechanically agitated by applying to said solution ultrasonic energy having a frequency in the range from 20 to 40 kHz with an energy density in the range from 10 to 200 watts per litter.
13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the stripped polycarbonate discs are washed in water having a temperature in the range from 100 to 210°F, and the washed polycarbonate discs are air dried at a temperature in the range from 100 to 210°F.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US980,582 | 1992-11-23 | ||
US07/980,582 US5306349A (en) | 1992-11-23 | 1992-11-23 | Method for removing coatings from compact discs |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2102688A1 true CA2102688A1 (en) | 1994-05-24 |
Family
ID=25527682
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002102688A Abandoned CA2102688A1 (en) | 1992-11-23 | 1993-11-08 | Method for removing coatings from compact discs |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5306349A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0601719B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH06223416A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE157682T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU655569B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9304782A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2102688A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69313592T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0601719T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2107629T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3025508T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX9307216A (en) |
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-
1992
- 1992-11-23 US US07/980,582 patent/US5306349A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-11-05 AU AU50471/93A patent/AU655569B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-11-08 CA CA002102688A patent/CA2102688A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-11-15 AT AT93309098T patent/ATE157682T1/en active
- 1993-11-15 ES ES93309098T patent/ES2107629T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-15 DE DE1993613592 patent/DE69313592T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-15 EP EP93309098A patent/EP0601719B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-15 DK DK93309098T patent/DK0601719T3/en active
- 1993-11-16 JP JP28680993A patent/JPH06223416A/en active Pending
- 1993-11-18 MX MX9307216A patent/MX9307216A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-22 BR BR9304782A patent/BR9304782A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1997
- 1997-11-26 GR GR970403157T patent/GR3025508T3/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5306349A (en) | 1994-04-26 |
AU5047193A (en) | 1994-06-02 |
EP0601719B1 (en) | 1997-09-03 |
DK0601719T3 (en) | 1998-03-23 |
EP0601719A1 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
DE69313592D1 (en) | 1997-10-09 |
DE69313592T2 (en) | 1998-01-15 |
AU655569B2 (en) | 1994-12-22 |
GR3025508T3 (en) | 1998-02-27 |
MX9307216A (en) | 1994-05-31 |
ATE157682T1 (en) | 1997-09-15 |
ES2107629T3 (en) | 1997-12-01 |
JPH06223416A (en) | 1994-08-12 |
BR9304782A (en) | 1994-06-14 |
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