CA2108929C - Method for joining superposed metal sheets and a tool set for producing such joints - Google Patents
Method for joining superposed metal sheets and a tool set for producing such jointsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2108929C CA2108929C CA002108929A CA2108929A CA2108929C CA 2108929 C CA2108929 C CA 2108929C CA 002108929 A CA002108929 A CA 002108929A CA 2108929 A CA2108929 A CA 2108929A CA 2108929 C CA2108929 C CA 2108929C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sheets
- free space
- metal sheets
- superposed metal
- tool set
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
- B21D39/031—Joining superposed plates by locally deforming without slitting or piercing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49915—Overedge assembling of seated part
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49936—Surface interlocking
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53709—Overedge assembling means
- Y10T29/53717—Annular work
- Y10T29/53726—Annular work with second workpiece inside annular work one workpiece moved to shape the other
Abstract
A method and a tool set for joining superposed metal sheets are disclosed. In a first step, a preferably ring-shaped free space is provided by dislocating material of at least one sheet. Thereafter, material of all sheets is squeezed within the confines of the free space whereby material flows laterally into the free space producing an interengaging form lock.
Description
The present lnventlon relates to a method for ~olnlng superposed metal sheets by local plastlc deformation so that an lnterengaglng connectlon ls formed.
A typlcal method of thls klnd ls dlsclosed ln U.S.
patent 4,601,090, and ln partlcular ln Flg. 8, 9 and 11 through 15 thereof. A predetermlned volume of sheet materlal ls dlsplaced, by means of approprlate dles, ln a dlrectlon generally orthogonal to the sheet surfaces. The protuberance so formed ls then squeezed causlng the metal materlal to cold-flow laterally thereby formlng the lnterengaglng connection.The ~olnlng element so produced stlll pro~ects beyond the sheet surface. Such proiectlon ls often consldered as a dlsadvantage under functlonal and esthetlc aspects.
For thls reason attempts have been made to flatten such ~olnts, as dlsclosed ln European Patent Appllcatlon 282 902 whlch also dlscloses some tools sulted for thls klnd of ~olnlng technlque.
It ls an ob~ect of the present lnventlon to provlde a method of the general nature set forth above whereln the aspect of the iolnt ls lmproved ln that the lnterengagement of the sheets occurs wlthln the volume dellmlted by the outer sheet surfaces.
Accordlng to the lnventlon, the method comprlses the steps of: provldlng a plurallty of superposed metal sheets;
produclng a free space ln at least one of sald sheets by local plastlc deformatlon, sald free space havlng an outer wall surroundlng and encompasslng substantlally entlre surface of an lnner wall ln at least one of sald sheets, sald lnner wall A
belng spaced-apart from said outer wall by sald free space, said free space at least partly deflnlng an area where an lnterengaglng connectlon ls to be formed; and plastlcally deformlng sald superposed metal sheets to make sheet metal wlthln sald area to flow towards sald outer wall thereby formlng sald lnterengaglng connectlon of sald superposed metal sheets.
It ls a further ob~ect of the present inventlon to provlde a tool set sulted to lmplement the method of the lnventlon.
Thus, accordlng to another aspect, the lnventlon provldes a tool set for ~olnlng a plurallty of superposed metal sheets by local plastlc deformation so that an lnterengaglng connectlon ls formed, sald tool set comprlslng:
a flrst dle having a flrst clamplng member arranged to abut a flrst outer surface of sald sheets, and a flrst punch member havlng an annular sectlon and arranged to penetrate lnto sald sheets from sald flrst outer surface thereby leavlng an annular free space ln sald superposed metal sheets when sald punch member ls retracted; a second dle havlng a second clamplng member arranged to abut a second outer surface of sald sheets opposlte sald flrst outer surface, and a second punch member arranged to penetrate into said sheets from said second outer surface and wlthln an area dellmlted by sald annular free space thereby squeezlng sald sheets agalnst sald flrst clamplng member so as to make sheet metal flow outwards lnto sald free space.
Embodiments of the lnvention are lllustrated ln the accompanylng drawings and will be explained in detall hereinafter with reference thereto.
Flg. 1 shows the flrst phase of the method in a first variant, Fig. 2 illustrates the second phase thereof, Fig. 3 shows the first phase of a second variant, Fig. 4 illustrates the second phase thereof, Fig. 5 shows the first phase of a third variant, Fig. 6 shows the second phase thereof, and Fig. 7 shows the third phase thereof.
All of the drawlngs lllustrate sectional views of ~olnt areas and in Flgs. 1 and 2 the toollng is indlcated schematically.
In the embodiments lllustrated, two metal sheets 10, 12 are ~oined. The method is not restricted to two sheets, however. Further, sheets 10 and 12 are shown to have equal thickness but this is not compulsory elther. Further, it ls assumed that the iolnts to be produced are clrcular ln plan vlew so that the active tool faces also must have clrcular section shapes. However, other ~oint shapes may be produced, and the free space 28 need not even be closed in itself but may conslst e.g. of two short stralght parallel channels. The rectangular sectlon shape of the free space may also be modified.
In all embodiments, the ~oint boss protrudes with very llttle height beyond the sheet surface or surfaces.
Further, in all embodiments the very ~olnlng action occurs within a space dellmlted by the outer surfaces of the two - 2a -metal sheets. 210892~
In Fig. 1 and 2, a tool set is lndicated, comprlslng a top die 16 and a bottom dle 18. It must be kept ln mlnd, however, that these designations simply serve the purpose to distinguish the two dies: The tool set works equally well upside down or in any other posltion. Further, lt ls assumed that the ~olnt ls formed in one slngle work statlon but thls ls not - 2b -~' 2108~29 compulsory: Two successive stations could be provided, one each for a respective method step. The foregoing remarks are applicable for all embodiments here disclosed.
Referring now to Fig. 1, a first step of a first variant is illustrated.
At first, the two sheets 10, 12 are clamped between a top clamping member portion 20 of die 16 and a bottom clamping member 24 of bottom die 18.
Thereafter, tubular top punch member 22 is pushed -- by means not shown -- towards sheet 10 so as to penetrate thereinto forming a circular ring-shaped depression which constitutes free space 28 when the top punch member 22 is withdrawn. The dislocated material causes bulging of the surrounding sheet portions, as shown. It is to be noted that no undercut or form lock is caused between sheets 10 and 12 at this stage.
Such form lock, however, is produced in the second step illustrated in Fig. 2. A bottom punch member 20 which, in the first step, was flush with the bottom clamping member 24, is displaced towards sheet 12 and penetrates into the latter. It is to be noted that the cylindrical bottom punch member has a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of tubular top punch member 22. During this second step, top members 20, 22 lie flush with their fronts facing sheet 10. Bottom clamping member 24 may yield slightly so to give way for bulging sheet 12. The volume portion of sheets 10, 12 within free space 28 is squeezed, the metal flows in lateral direction and forms the interengaging form lock. It will be noted that after withdrawal of the dies the joint will be flush with the upper or outer surface of sheet 10.
In the embodiment of Fig. 3 and 4, bottom clamping member 24 is held stationary during the second step while top punch member 22 together with the portion of the top clamping member encircled by it may slightly yield so that once the joint is formed recess 32 is flush with the surrounding portions of sheet 12, the boss being formed on the side of sheet 10.
The embodiment of Fig. 5, 6 and 7 comprises three steps. In a first step illustrated in Fig. 5, a cup-shaped depression is formed thereby defining the outer boundary of the to-be-formed free space. In a second step, a 2lnss2~
central portion 34 of the "cup bottom" is relocated by a bottom punch member (not shown) thereby defining the inner boundary of free space 28 (Fig. 6) until the portion of sheet 10 on top of portion 34 hits the top clamping member (not shown). Further displacement of the bottom punch member squeezes the sheets to form the interlock illustrated in Fig. 7.
It is to be noted that very flat bosses remain on both sides of the joint.
A typlcal method of thls klnd ls dlsclosed ln U.S.
patent 4,601,090, and ln partlcular ln Flg. 8, 9 and 11 through 15 thereof. A predetermlned volume of sheet materlal ls dlsplaced, by means of approprlate dles, ln a dlrectlon generally orthogonal to the sheet surfaces. The protuberance so formed ls then squeezed causlng the metal materlal to cold-flow laterally thereby formlng the lnterengaglng connection.The ~olnlng element so produced stlll pro~ects beyond the sheet surface. Such proiectlon ls often consldered as a dlsadvantage under functlonal and esthetlc aspects.
For thls reason attempts have been made to flatten such ~olnts, as dlsclosed ln European Patent Appllcatlon 282 902 whlch also dlscloses some tools sulted for thls klnd of ~olnlng technlque.
It ls an ob~ect of the present lnventlon to provlde a method of the general nature set forth above whereln the aspect of the iolnt ls lmproved ln that the lnterengagement of the sheets occurs wlthln the volume dellmlted by the outer sheet surfaces.
Accordlng to the lnventlon, the method comprlses the steps of: provldlng a plurallty of superposed metal sheets;
produclng a free space ln at least one of sald sheets by local plastlc deformatlon, sald free space havlng an outer wall surroundlng and encompasslng substantlally entlre surface of an lnner wall ln at least one of sald sheets, sald lnner wall A
belng spaced-apart from said outer wall by sald free space, said free space at least partly deflnlng an area where an lnterengaglng connectlon ls to be formed; and plastlcally deformlng sald superposed metal sheets to make sheet metal wlthln sald area to flow towards sald outer wall thereby formlng sald lnterengaglng connectlon of sald superposed metal sheets.
It ls a further ob~ect of the present inventlon to provlde a tool set sulted to lmplement the method of the lnventlon.
Thus, accordlng to another aspect, the lnventlon provldes a tool set for ~olnlng a plurallty of superposed metal sheets by local plastlc deformation so that an lnterengaglng connectlon ls formed, sald tool set comprlslng:
a flrst dle having a flrst clamplng member arranged to abut a flrst outer surface of sald sheets, and a flrst punch member havlng an annular sectlon and arranged to penetrate lnto sald sheets from sald flrst outer surface thereby leavlng an annular free space ln sald superposed metal sheets when sald punch member ls retracted; a second dle havlng a second clamplng member arranged to abut a second outer surface of sald sheets opposlte sald flrst outer surface, and a second punch member arranged to penetrate into said sheets from said second outer surface and wlthln an area dellmlted by sald annular free space thereby squeezlng sald sheets agalnst sald flrst clamplng member so as to make sheet metal flow outwards lnto sald free space.
Embodiments of the lnvention are lllustrated ln the accompanylng drawings and will be explained in detall hereinafter with reference thereto.
Flg. 1 shows the flrst phase of the method in a first variant, Fig. 2 illustrates the second phase thereof, Fig. 3 shows the first phase of a second variant, Fig. 4 illustrates the second phase thereof, Fig. 5 shows the first phase of a third variant, Fig. 6 shows the second phase thereof, and Fig. 7 shows the third phase thereof.
All of the drawlngs lllustrate sectional views of ~olnt areas and in Flgs. 1 and 2 the toollng is indlcated schematically.
In the embodiments lllustrated, two metal sheets 10, 12 are ~oined. The method is not restricted to two sheets, however. Further, sheets 10 and 12 are shown to have equal thickness but this is not compulsory elther. Further, it ls assumed that the iolnts to be produced are clrcular ln plan vlew so that the active tool faces also must have clrcular section shapes. However, other ~oint shapes may be produced, and the free space 28 need not even be closed in itself but may conslst e.g. of two short stralght parallel channels. The rectangular sectlon shape of the free space may also be modified.
In all embodiments, the ~oint boss protrudes with very llttle height beyond the sheet surface or surfaces.
Further, in all embodiments the very ~olnlng action occurs within a space dellmlted by the outer surfaces of the two - 2a -metal sheets. 210892~
In Fig. 1 and 2, a tool set is lndicated, comprlslng a top die 16 and a bottom dle 18. It must be kept ln mlnd, however, that these designations simply serve the purpose to distinguish the two dies: The tool set works equally well upside down or in any other posltion. Further, lt ls assumed that the ~olnt ls formed in one slngle work statlon but thls ls not - 2b -~' 2108~29 compulsory: Two successive stations could be provided, one each for a respective method step. The foregoing remarks are applicable for all embodiments here disclosed.
Referring now to Fig. 1, a first step of a first variant is illustrated.
At first, the two sheets 10, 12 are clamped between a top clamping member portion 20 of die 16 and a bottom clamping member 24 of bottom die 18.
Thereafter, tubular top punch member 22 is pushed -- by means not shown -- towards sheet 10 so as to penetrate thereinto forming a circular ring-shaped depression which constitutes free space 28 when the top punch member 22 is withdrawn. The dislocated material causes bulging of the surrounding sheet portions, as shown. It is to be noted that no undercut or form lock is caused between sheets 10 and 12 at this stage.
Such form lock, however, is produced in the second step illustrated in Fig. 2. A bottom punch member 20 which, in the first step, was flush with the bottom clamping member 24, is displaced towards sheet 12 and penetrates into the latter. It is to be noted that the cylindrical bottom punch member has a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of tubular top punch member 22. During this second step, top members 20, 22 lie flush with their fronts facing sheet 10. Bottom clamping member 24 may yield slightly so to give way for bulging sheet 12. The volume portion of sheets 10, 12 within free space 28 is squeezed, the metal flows in lateral direction and forms the interengaging form lock. It will be noted that after withdrawal of the dies the joint will be flush with the upper or outer surface of sheet 10.
In the embodiment of Fig. 3 and 4, bottom clamping member 24 is held stationary during the second step while top punch member 22 together with the portion of the top clamping member encircled by it may slightly yield so that once the joint is formed recess 32 is flush with the surrounding portions of sheet 12, the boss being formed on the side of sheet 10.
The embodiment of Fig. 5, 6 and 7 comprises three steps. In a first step illustrated in Fig. 5, a cup-shaped depression is formed thereby defining the outer boundary of the to-be-formed free space. In a second step, a 2lnss2~
central portion 34 of the "cup bottom" is relocated by a bottom punch member (not shown) thereby defining the inner boundary of free space 28 (Fig. 6) until the portion of sheet 10 on top of portion 34 hits the top clamping member (not shown). Further displacement of the bottom punch member squeezes the sheets to form the interlock illustrated in Fig. 7.
It is to be noted that very flat bosses remain on both sides of the joint.
Claims (10)
1. A method for joining a plurality of superposed metal sheets by local plastic deformation so that an interengaging connection is formed, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a plurality of superposed metal sheets;
producing a free space in at least one of said sheets by local plastic deformation, said free space having an outer wall surrounding and encompassing substantially entire surface of an inner wall in at least one of said sheets, said inner wall being spaced-apart from said outer wall by said free space, said free space at least partly defining an area where an interengaging connection is to be formed; and plastically deforming said superposed metal sheets to make sheet metal within said area to flow towards said outer wall thereby forming said interengaging connection of said superposed metal sheets.
providing a plurality of superposed metal sheets;
producing a free space in at least one of said sheets by local plastic deformation, said free space having an outer wall surrounding and encompassing substantially entire surface of an inner wall in at least one of said sheets, said inner wall being spaced-apart from said outer wall by said free space, said free space at least partly defining an area where an interengaging connection is to be formed; and plastically deforming said superposed metal sheets to make sheet metal within said area to flow towards said outer wall thereby forming said interengaging connection of said superposed metal sheets.
2. A method as in claim 1, wherein said free space is formed as a channel.
3. A method as in claim 2, wherein a plurality of separate free spaces is provided.
4. A method as in claim 1, wherein said free space is formed as a closed loop.
5. A method as in claim 1, wherein a plurality of separate free spaces is provided.
6. A method as in claim 1, wherein one of said sheets defines an outer sheet surface and wherein said interengaging connection is formed flush with said outer sheet surface.
7. A method as in claim 1, wherein said sheets define an upper sheet surface and a lower sheet surface and wherein said interengaging connection is formed substantially flush with said upper sheet surface and with said lower sheet surface.
8. A method as in claim 1, wherein said free space is annular in geometry.
9. A tool set for joining a plurality of superposed metal sheets by local plastic deformation so that an interengaging connection is formed, said tool set comprising:
a first die having a first clamping member arranged to abut a first outer surface of said sheets, and a first punch member having an annular section and arranged to penetrate into said sheets from said first outer surface thereby leaving an annular free space in said superposed metal sheets when said punch member is retracted;
a second die having a second clamping member arranged to abut a second outer surface of said sheets opposite said first outer surface, and a second punch member arranged to penetrate into said sheets from said second outer surface and within an area delimited by said annular free space thereby squeezing said sheets against said first clamping member so as to make sheet metal flow outwards into said free space.
a first die having a first clamping member arranged to abut a first outer surface of said sheets, and a first punch member having an annular section and arranged to penetrate into said sheets from said first outer surface thereby leaving an annular free space in said superposed metal sheets when said punch member is retracted;
a second die having a second clamping member arranged to abut a second outer surface of said sheets opposite said first outer surface, and a second punch member arranged to penetrate into said sheets from said second outer surface and within an area delimited by said annular free space thereby squeezing said sheets against said first clamping member so as to make sheet metal flow outwards into said free space.
10. A tool set as in claim 9, wherein said second punch member is cylindrical having a diameter which is smaller than an inner diameter of said annular section of said first punch member.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4240970.5 | 1992-12-05 | ||
| DE4240970A DE4240970A1 (en) | 1992-12-05 | 1992-12-05 | Process for joining sheet metal, sheet metal parts or plates lying flat on top of one another |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2108929A1 CA2108929A1 (en) | 1994-06-06 |
| CA2108929C true CA2108929C (en) | 1996-12-03 |
Family
ID=6474474
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002108929A Expired - Fee Related CA2108929C (en) | 1992-12-05 | 1993-10-21 | Method for joining superposed metal sheets and a tool set for producing such joints |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5517743A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0601281B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3258470B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE132406T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2108929C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4240970A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0601281T3 (en) |
| EE (1) | EE03094B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2084425T3 (en) |
| LT (1) | LT3140B (en) |
| LV (1) | LV11118B (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2106219C1 (en) |
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| US6125541A (en) * | 1998-10-20 | 2000-10-03 | Moog Automotive Products, Inc. | Device and method for closing a movable socket and establishing a predetermined wear indicator distance |
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| US4825525A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1989-05-02 | Obrecht Robert E | Clinching tool |
| DE3708737A1 (en) * | 1987-03-18 | 1988-10-06 | Basf Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING PHENYL ACETALDEHYDES |
| DE3710929A1 (en) * | 1987-04-01 | 1988-10-13 | Eugen Rapp | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONNECTING LAYER THIN PLATES |
| US4897912A (en) * | 1987-07-08 | 1990-02-06 | Weldex, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming joints |
| DE3726392A1 (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1989-02-16 | Kuka Schweissanlagen & Roboter | Method for connecting thin plates or plate sections resting on one another |
| US4896414A (en) * | 1988-01-20 | 1990-01-30 | Hafner Otto P | Waterproof cut and displace joint and method for making same |
| US5051020A (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1991-09-24 | Tech-Line Engineering Co. | Leak proof joint |
| US5392629A (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1995-02-28 | Canoga Industries Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming multi-level features in an object |
-
1992
- 1992-12-05 DE DE4240970A patent/DE4240970A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-08-21 AT AT93113382T patent/ATE132406T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-08-21 DK DK93113382.1T patent/DK0601281T3/en active
- 1993-08-21 ES ES93113382T patent/ES2084425T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-21 EP EP93113382A patent/EP0601281B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-21 DE DE69301228T patent/DE69301228T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-10-21 CA CA002108929A patent/CA2108929C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-10-28 LT LTIP1428A patent/LT3140B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-24 JP JP29357993A patent/JP3258470B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-03 RU RU93053994A patent/RU2106219C1/en active
- 1993-12-06 LV LVP-93-1308A patent/LV11118B/en unknown
-
1994
- 1994-09-15 US US08/306,908 patent/US5517743A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-15 EE EE9400167A patent/EE03094B1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2108929A1 (en) | 1994-06-06 |
| DE69301228T2 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
| LTIP1428A (en) | 1994-06-15 |
| JPH06210371A (en) | 1994-08-02 |
| LV11118A (en) | 1996-04-20 |
| JP3258470B2 (en) | 2002-02-18 |
| ATE132406T1 (en) | 1996-01-15 |
| LT3140B (en) | 1995-01-31 |
| DK0601281T3 (en) | 1996-05-20 |
| LV11118B (en) | 1996-10-20 |
| DE4240970A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
| RU2106219C1 (en) | 1998-03-10 |
| DE69301228D1 (en) | 1996-02-15 |
| US5517743A (en) | 1996-05-21 |
| ES2084425T3 (en) | 1996-05-01 |
| EP0601281A1 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
| EE03094B1 (en) | 1998-06-15 |
| EP0601281B1 (en) | 1996-01-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |