CA2135665A1 - An absorbent stucture comprising a microbial polysaccharide and a process of making the same - Google Patents

An absorbent stucture comprising a microbial polysaccharide and a process of making the same

Info

Publication number
CA2135665A1
CA2135665A1 CA002135665A CA2135665A CA2135665A1 CA 2135665 A1 CA2135665 A1 CA 2135665A1 CA 002135665 A CA002135665 A CA 002135665A CA 2135665 A CA2135665 A CA 2135665A CA 2135665 A1 CA2135665 A1 CA 2135665A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
absorbent structure
supercritical
microbial
carbon dioxide
displacing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002135665A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2135665C (en
Inventor
Carol A. Blaney
Joel Brostin
Theresa M. Mcintire
Bernard J. Minerath, Iii
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Original Assignee
Kimberly Clark Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kimberly Clark Corp filed Critical Kimberly Clark Corp
Publication of CA2135665A1 publication Critical patent/CA2135665A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2135665C publication Critical patent/CA2135665C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
    • A61L15/28—Polysaccharides or their derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L15/60—Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F2013/15008—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterized by the use
    • A61F2013/15016—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterized by the use for breast; pads for bras
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
    • A61F2013/15284—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
    • A61F2013/15422—Density
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
    • A61F2013/15284—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
    • A61F2013/15487—Capillary properties, e.g. wicking
    • A61F2013/15495—Capillary properties, e.g. wicking pore dimension
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249962—Void-containing component has a continuous matrix of fibers only [e.g., porous paper, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249962—Void-containing component has a continuous matrix of fibers only [e.g., porous paper, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249964—Fibers of defined composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249962—Void-containing component has a continuous matrix of fibers only [e.g., porous paper, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249964—Fibers of defined composition
    • Y10T428/249965—Cellulosic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro

Abstract

Disclosed is an absorbent structure comprising a microbial polysaccharide having improved porosity and a process of making the same. The absorbent structure may be adapted for use in an absorbent product such as a diaper or incontinence product. The process involves the supercritical drying of a microbial polysaccharide to remove at least a portion of the aqueous medium in which the microbial polysaccharide is produced without unacceptably reducing the porosity of the microbial polysaccharide.

Claims (47)

1. An absorbent structure adapted for use in an absorbent product, said absorbent structure comprising a microbial polysaccharide having a mean pore size of at least about 0.1 microns.
2. The absorbent structure of claim 1 wherein said microbial polysaccharide has a mean pore size of from about 0.1 to about 500 microns.
3. The absorbent structure of claim 1 wherein said microbial polysaccharide has a mean pore size of from about 0.1 to about 10 microns.
4. The absorbent structure of claim 1 wherein said microbial polysaccharide has a bulk density of from about 0.0001 to about 0.5 grams per cubic centimeter.
5. The absorbent structure of claim 1 wherein said microbial polysaccharide has an absorbency of at least about 10 grams of an aqueous saline solution (0.9 weight percent) per gram of polysaccharide.
6. The absorbent structure of claim 1 wherein said absorbent structure further comprises a means for containing said microbial polysaccharide.
7. The absorbent structure of claim 1 wherein said microbial polysaccharide is produced by a process comprising the step of supercritical drying of said microbial polysaccharide.
8. An absorbent structure adapted for use in an absorbent product, said absorbent structure comprising microbial cellulose having a mean pore size of at least about 0.01 microns, a bulk density of from about 0.0001 to about 0.5 grams per cubic centimeter, and an absorbency of at least about 10 grams of an aqueous saline solution (0.9 weight percent) per gram of cellulose.
9. The absorbent structure of claim 8 wherein said microbial cellulose has a mean pore size of at least about 0.1 microns.
10. The absorbent structure of claim 8 wherein said microbial cellulose has a mean pore size of from about 0.1 to about 500 microns.
11. The absorbent structure of claim 8 wherein said absorbent structure further comprises a means for containing said microbial cellulose.
12. An absorbent structure adapted for use in an absorbent product, said absorbent structure comprising a microbial polysaccharide, said microbial polysaccharide being produced in an aqueous medium and being produced by a process comprising the step of supercritical drying of said microbial polysaccharide.
13. The absorbent structure of claim 12 wherein said microbial polysaccharide has a mean pore size of at least about 0.01 microns.
14. The absorbent structure of claim 12 wherein said microbial polysaccharide has a mean pore size of from about 0.01 to about 500 microns.
15. The absorbent structure of claim 12 wherein said microbial polysaccharide has a mean pore size of from about 0.1 to about 10 microns.
16. The absorbent structure of claim 12 wherein said microbial polysaccharide has a bulk density of from about 0.0001 to about 0.5 grams per cubic centimeter.
17. The absorbent structure of claim 12 wherein said microbial polysaccharide has an absorbency of at least about 10 grams of water per gram of polysaccharide.
18. The absorbent structure of claim 12 wherein said microbial polysaccharide is cellulose.
19. The absorbent structure of claim 12 wherein said supercritical drying includes displacing at least a portion of said aqueous medium directly with a supercritical fluid.
20. The absorbent structure of claim 12 wherein said supercritical drying includes displacing at least a portion of said aqueous medium with a liquid and causing said liquid to be a supercritical fluid.
21. The absorbent structure of claim 12 wherein said process of producing said microbial polysaccharide further includes the step of displacing at least a portion of said aqueous medium with a solvent prior to the step of supercritical drying.
22. The absorbent structure of claim 21 wherein said supercritical drying includes displacing at least a portion of said solvent with a supercritical fluid.
23. The absorbent structure of claim 21 wherein said supercritical drying includes displacing at least a portion of said solvent with a liquid which is then caused to transition into a supercritical fluid.
24. An absorbent structure of a microbial cellulose adapted for use in an absorbent product, said microbial cellulose being generated in an aqueous medium comprising, in addition to water, nutrients, cells, cell debris, and other non-cellulosic materials and being produced by a process comprising the steps of:
a) removing at least a portion of said nutrients, cells, cell debris and other non-cellulosic materials from said microbial cellulose;
b) displacing at least a portion of said aqueous medium with successive rinses of solvent/water mixtures of increasing solvent concentration, and then pure solvent;
c) displacing at least a portion of said solvent with supercritical carbon dioxide; and d) removing said supercritical carbon dioxide.
25. The absorbent structure of claim 24 wherein said microbial cellulose has a mean pore size of at least about 0.01 microns.
26. The absorbent structure of claim 24 wherein said microbial cellulose is generated by a process comprising aerobically incubating a quantity of nutrient medium comprising a cellulose-producing microorganism.
27. The absorbent structure of claim 26 wherein said cellulose-producing microorganism is a member of the genus Acetobacter.
28. The absorbent structure of claim 26 wherein said nutrient medium further comprises a polysaccharide derivative.
29. The absorbent structure of claim 24 wherein said nutrients, cells, cell debris, and other non-cellulosic materials are removed by a process comprising washing said microbial cellulose in an aqueous base.
30. The absorbent structure of claim 24 wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of ethanol, methanol, acetone, isopropanol and mixtures thereof.
31. The absorbent structure of claim 24 wherein at least a portion of said solvent is displaced with said supercritical carbon dioxide by a process comprising displacing at least a portion of said solvent directly with said supercritical carbon dioxide.
32. The absorbent structure of claim 24 wherein at least a portion of said solvent is displaced with said supercritical carbon dioxide by a process comprising displacing at least a portion of said solvent with liquid carbon dioxide and causing said liquid carbon dioxide to become said supercritical carbon dioxide.
33. A process for producing a microbial polysaccharide, said microbial polysaccharide being generated in an aqueous medium and adapted for use in an absorbent product, said process comprising the step of supercritical drying of said microbial polysaccharide.
34. The process of claim 33 wherein said supercritical drying includes displacing at least a portion of said aqueous medium directly with a supercritical fluid.
35. The process of claim 33 wherein said supercritical drying includes displacing at least a portion of said aqueous medium with a liquid and causing said liquid to become a supercritical fluid.
36. The process of claim 33 wherein said process further comprises the step of displacing at least a portion of said aqueous medium with a solvent prior to said supercritical drying.
37. The process of claim 36 wherein said supercritical drying includes displacing said solvent with a supercritical fluid.
38. The process of claim 36 wherein said supercritical drying includes displacing said solvent with a liquid which is then caused to become a supercritical fluid.
39. The process of claim 34, 35, 37 or 38 wherein the supercritical fluid employed in said supercritical drying is carbon dioxide.
40. The process of claim 33 wherein said supercritical drying includes causing said supercritical fluid to go into a gaseous phase without causing said supercritical fluid to condense.
41. The process of claim 36 wherein the step of displacing at least a portion of said aqueous medium includes displacing at least a portion of said aqueous medium with successive rinses of solvent/water mixtures of increasing solvent concentration, and then pure solvent.
42. The process of claim 41 wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of ethanol, methanol, acetone, isopropanol and mixtures thereof.
43. A process for treating microbial cellulose, said microbial cellulose being generated in an aqueous medium comprising, in addition to water, nutrients, cells, cell debris, and other non-cellulosic materials and being adapted for use in an absorbent product, said process comprising:
a) removing said nutrients, cells, cell debris and other non-cellulosic materials from said microbial cellulose;
b) displacing at least a portion of said aqueous medium with successive rinses of ethanol/water mixtures of increasing ethanol concentration and then pure ethanol;
c) displacing at least a portion of said ethanol with supercritical carbon dioxide, which is at a pressure of at least about 75 atmospheres and a temperature of at least about 35 degrees Centigrade; and d) removing said supercritical carbon dioxide by reducing said pressure of said supercritical carbon dioxide without causing said supercritical carbon dioxide to condense.
44. The process of claim 43 wherein the step of displacing at least a portion of said ethanol with said supercritical carbon dioxide includes displacing at least a portion of said ethanol directly with said supercritical carbon dioxide.
45. The process of claim 43 wherein the step of displacing at least a portion of said ethanol with said supercritical carbon dioxide includes displacing at least a portion of said ethanol with liquid carbon dioxide and causing said liquid carbon dioxide to become said supercritical carbon dioxide.
46. An absorbent article comprising a porous facing layer, a fluid impervious backing sheet and the absorbent structure of claim 1 disposed therebetween.
47. An absorbent article comprising a porous facing layer, a fluid-impervious backing sheet and the absorbent structure of claim 12 disposed therebetween.
CA002135665A 1994-05-10 1994-11-10 An absorbent stucture comprising a microbial polysaccharide and a process of making the same Expired - Lifetime CA2135665C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US241,117 1994-05-10
US08/241,117 US5580348A (en) 1994-05-10 1994-05-10 Absorbent structure comprising a microbial polysaccharide and a process of making the same

Publications (2)

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CA2135665A1 true CA2135665A1 (en) 1995-11-11
CA2135665C CA2135665C (en) 2010-02-02

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Publication number Publication date
US5580348A (en) 1996-12-03
CA2135665C (en) 2010-02-02
US5772646A (en) 1998-06-30

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