CA2159636C - Visual validation mark - Google Patents
Visual validation mark Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2159636C CA2159636C CA002159636A CA2159636A CA2159636C CA 2159636 C CA2159636 C CA 2159636C CA 002159636 A CA002159636 A CA 002159636A CA 2159636 A CA2159636 A CA 2159636A CA 2159636 C CA2159636 C CA 2159636C
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- coating
- viewed
- pattern
- mark
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GZMAAYIALGURDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hexoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCOCCOCCO GZMAAYIALGURDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical class [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 41
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 41
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 8
- OFHCOWSQAMBJIW-AVJTYSNKSA-N alfacalcidol Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)C[C@H](O)C1=C OFHCOWSQAMBJIW-AVJTYSNKSA-N 0.000 claims 8
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000001613 Gambling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
- B41M3/14—Security printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
- B41M3/14—Security printing
- B41M3/148—Transitory images, i.e. images only visible from certain viewing angles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
- G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
Abstract
A method for producing a validation mark on security pa-per includes (10) printing the mark on the paper using an ink that has the same color as the paper but which has more uni-form directional reflectance than the sheet of paper. That is, the dried ink is a more uniform dif-fuse reflector than is the paper.
When the mark is illuminated by a light source (14), as in Fig.6, located on one side of the mark, the mark appears lighter than the paper around it when viewed from the same side as the light source, as in Fig.5; but the mark appears darker than the paper around it, as in Fig.4, when viewed from the side opposite the light source, as in Fig.3. examplary is given.
When the mark is illuminated by a light source (14), as in Fig.6, located on one side of the mark, the mark appears lighter than the paper around it when viewed from the same side as the light source, as in Fig.5; but the mark appears darker than the paper around it, as in Fig.4, when viewed from the side opposite the light source, as in Fig.3. examplary is given.
Description
21596?~
INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION
UNDER THE
PATENT COOPERATION TREATY
FOR
VISUAL VALIDATION MARK
By DESCRIPTION
Technical Field The present invention is in the field of processed security paper and specifically relates to a paper bearing a hidden but visible mark that is not reproducible and which thereby verifies the paper as an original document.
5 Back~,aund Art So far as is known, the validation mark of the present invention is unique and can be distinguished from other means for achieving the same result.
Perhaps the earliest v~ tion mark was the watermark, which also does not reproduce, even on the best conte"~l)orary copying m~rhinto.s. However, a 10 watermark is usually viewed perpendicular to the paper by light tra"s",illed through the paper, and when viewed in this manner it has the form of a lighter mark on a darker background.
It is also well known to print on a sheet of paper a high resolution background pattern, called a pantograph, that is somewhat difficult to copy and 15 that would normally be destroyed if an attempt is made to alter the original.In U. S. Patent No. 4,796,921, Neiman describes the expedient of printing a hidden message onto a sheet of paper using ink that is the same color as the '! sheet and which is opaque. The message is read by illllmin~ting the back of the sheet, and the message always COllsi~s of darker marks on a lighter background.
In U. S. Patent No. 4,534,398, Crane describes a type of security paper in which optically active devices which have been secured on the surface of a carrier 2~S~6~ 2 paper are applied to the surface of a base web during dewatering of the base webin the paper manufacturing process. The optica]ly active devices display their optically active properties in reflectance when there are changes in the angle of the incident light with respect to the eye of the viewer.
In U. S. Patent No. 4,151,666t Raphael, et al. show the use of an optically diffuse reflector integrated with a bond or seal existing between a protective sheet and the information-bearing surface of a l~min~ted document, such as an identification card. The optically diffuse pigment is di~el~ed in a carrier medium and printed on an adhesive layer that becomes the bond when the identification card is laminated.
A number of other patents are concerned with the unauthorized copying of original documents through the use of modern computer scanners or high quality color copying machines. Typical examples of such patents are the following U.S. patenls of Mowry, Jr. et al.: 4,210,346; 4,227,720; 4,265,469;
4,310,180; and 4,341,404. In these patents, typically a cancellation phrase or m~ss~ge is printed in a concealed manner on the face of the protected doculllen~so that it cannot be seen on the original document, but the cancellation phrase is produced clearly on any copies made from the original do~;ul~lel~t. It is seen that these techniques are directed against the repro~ ction of a document; in contrast, the purpose of the present invention is to permit rapid visual validation of an original doculllent.
Disclosure of Invention In accordance with the l,iesenl invention, a validation mess~ge or mark is printed on a paper using ink whose color closely m~tr~Ps that of the paper and which diffusely reflects incident light substantially uni~llllly in all directions. The paper on which the ink is applied, because of its inherent glossiness, has a tendency to reflect light ~Icfelcnlially at an angle of reflectance which corresponds to the angle of incidence of the incident light. Accordingly, the brightness of the un~linted portions of the paper depends on the angle at which it is viewed. In contrast, the brightness of the printing is substantially independent of the angle at which it is viewed. As a result, at most viewing angles the 21 ~63~
validation message will be visible because it will appear either brighter or darker than the unprinted paper background.
The novel features which are believed to be characteristic of the invention, together with further objects and advantages thereof, will be better understood 5 from the following description considered in connection with the accompanying drawings in which a preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of example. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are forthe ~u~ose of illustration and description only and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention.
10 Brief Description of Drawings Figure 1 is a diagram used for defining the angle of incidence and the viewing angle;
Figure 2 is a graph showing how the bri~l,l.,css of the paper and of the ink vary with the viewing angle;
Figure 3 is a diagram showing a first arrangement for viewing the validation mark;
Figure 4 is a diagram showing the appearance of the validation mark when viewed in the manner shown in Figure 3;
Figure 5 is a diagram showing a second arrange...ent for viewing the 20 validation mark; and, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the appearance of the validation mark when viewed in the manner shown in Figure S.
Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention Figure 1 is a diagram showing a sheet 10 of the printed paper of the 25 present invention viewed edgewise. Various angles will be measured from a line perpendicular to the sheet 10, in confolll.ily with conventional optical usage.
Light from a source 14 travels along the line 16 to the point where the perpendic-ular 12 intersects the sheet 10. If that point is unl)linted, the light will be reflected in every direction, and typically the reflection will be strongest in the 30 direction indicated by the line 18, to the extent that the sheet 10 is glossy. Most 2~j963~6~
papers exhibit some degree of glossiness caused by calendering during their production. For purposes of explanation, the angle between the perpendicular 12 and the line 16 is denoted by a.
Figure 1 also shows the eye 20 of an observer, and some of the light from S the source 14 as it is reflected via the line 22 to the eye 20 of the observer. The angle between the perpendicular 12 and the line 22 is denoted by ,~.
Figure 2 shows two graphs. The first graph is a holi;contal line 24 showing the perceived brightness of the ink of the ~,lesent invention at the point where the perpendicular 12 intersects the sheet 10. The second graph 26 shows the 10 perceived brightness at the point where the perpendicular 12 intersects the sheet 10 as~ullling there is no ink at that location. That is, the graph 24 shows the brighll,css of the ink, and the graph 26 shows the brightness of the paper whichforms the bacLy,,ound on which the ink is printed and viewed. In Figure 2, the location of the light source 14 is maintained constant, and the position of the eye 15 20 of the viewer varies.
From Figure 2 it is seen that the brightness of the ink remains the same regardless of the angle ,B at which it is viewed, but the brightness of the paper depends on the angle at which it is viewed. Ordinarily, the brightness of the paper is least if it is viewed in the direction of the incident light 16, and the 20 briy,l,tl,css is greatest in the direction 18. From Figure 2 it is seen that when the sheet 10 is viewed at angles ~ close to the angle of incidence a as shown in Figure 5, the brigl,ll,css of the ink will exceed the blighl"ess of the paper, and the v~ tion mark will therefore appear as shown in Figure 6. On the other hand, if the sheet 10 is viewed by grazing light as in Figure 3, the brightness of the25 paper will exceed the brightness of the ink, and the validation mark will appear as shown in Figure 4.
The graphs 24 and 26 of Figure 2 show an ideal case where the ink and paper have identical brightness when viewed perpendicular to the sheet 10.
Although this is the pl~fell~d embodiment, in other embodiments the brightness 30 of the ink may differ slightly from the brightness of the paper when viewed perpendicular to the sheet 10. This has the effect of moving the graph 24 slightly up (as in-lir~ted by the dashed line 24') or down with respect to the graph 26 in Wo 94/22676 PCT/US94/03415 5~1S~631~
Figure 2, but that does not change the way in which the validation mark of the present invention works.
In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the validation mark is applied to a sheet of paper by printing the mark on the paper5 using a conventional printing process. The ink is applied in a very thin layer and is not opaque. That is, the validation mark is not visible to the unaided eye when viewed by a light shining through the paper. The ink is unique in its make-up and is closely matched to the color of the paper, and the brighlness of the ink after it has been applied to the paper and dried, and when viewed perpendicular to the10 paper, should be a~plu,Li~ately the same as the brightness of the u~ ed portion of the paper.
In a preferred embodiment the validating word, such as "VALID" or "SAFE" is printed in what is lefc~ed to in the printing arts as an outline font or an open font. r;~...ples of such fonts include: Augustea Inline, Beton Open, 15 Cheltenham Bold Outline, Cheltenham Open, Columna, Franklin Gothic Condensed Outline, Gothic Outline Title No. 61, Stymie Open, Thorne Shaded, and Trump Gravur.
It has been found that the validation mark of the present invention can be applied to previously printed paper and can also be printed upon. This permits 20 the v~lirl~tion mark to be used in combination with other security measures, such as the use of a pantograph and/or a copy-defeating pattern, without impairing the effe.;liveness of the other measures.
The ingredients of the ink used in the ~,~e~l,ed embodiment for use on a white paper, specifically NCR 26 Ib. coated back paper, are listed in Table 1. As 25 with most inks, this one includes a pigment, an anti-skin ingredient, a wetting agent, a tack reducer, and varnish. The ink is absorbed into the paper substrateby use of the modifïed varnish, oils and solvents. The inherent reflectivity of the paper is replaced by that of the ink, thereby producing the desired effect.
~5~63~ 6 PERCENT BY
WEIGHT INGREDIENT
57% WHITE PIGMENT TITANIUM DIOXIDE-PIGMENT #6 13% DULL POWDER SILICON DIOXIDE
2% ANTI-SKIN N-HEXYL CARBITOL
INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION
UNDER THE
PATENT COOPERATION TREATY
FOR
VISUAL VALIDATION MARK
By DESCRIPTION
Technical Field The present invention is in the field of processed security paper and specifically relates to a paper bearing a hidden but visible mark that is not reproducible and which thereby verifies the paper as an original document.
5 Back~,aund Art So far as is known, the validation mark of the present invention is unique and can be distinguished from other means for achieving the same result.
Perhaps the earliest v~ tion mark was the watermark, which also does not reproduce, even on the best conte"~l)orary copying m~rhinto.s. However, a 10 watermark is usually viewed perpendicular to the paper by light tra"s",illed through the paper, and when viewed in this manner it has the form of a lighter mark on a darker background.
It is also well known to print on a sheet of paper a high resolution background pattern, called a pantograph, that is somewhat difficult to copy and 15 that would normally be destroyed if an attempt is made to alter the original.In U. S. Patent No. 4,796,921, Neiman describes the expedient of printing a hidden message onto a sheet of paper using ink that is the same color as the '! sheet and which is opaque. The message is read by illllmin~ting the back of the sheet, and the message always COllsi~s of darker marks on a lighter background.
In U. S. Patent No. 4,534,398, Crane describes a type of security paper in which optically active devices which have been secured on the surface of a carrier 2~S~6~ 2 paper are applied to the surface of a base web during dewatering of the base webin the paper manufacturing process. The optica]ly active devices display their optically active properties in reflectance when there are changes in the angle of the incident light with respect to the eye of the viewer.
In U. S. Patent No. 4,151,666t Raphael, et al. show the use of an optically diffuse reflector integrated with a bond or seal existing between a protective sheet and the information-bearing surface of a l~min~ted document, such as an identification card. The optically diffuse pigment is di~el~ed in a carrier medium and printed on an adhesive layer that becomes the bond when the identification card is laminated.
A number of other patents are concerned with the unauthorized copying of original documents through the use of modern computer scanners or high quality color copying machines. Typical examples of such patents are the following U.S. patenls of Mowry, Jr. et al.: 4,210,346; 4,227,720; 4,265,469;
4,310,180; and 4,341,404. In these patents, typically a cancellation phrase or m~ss~ge is printed in a concealed manner on the face of the protected doculllen~so that it cannot be seen on the original document, but the cancellation phrase is produced clearly on any copies made from the original do~;ul~lel~t. It is seen that these techniques are directed against the repro~ ction of a document; in contrast, the purpose of the present invention is to permit rapid visual validation of an original doculllent.
Disclosure of Invention In accordance with the l,iesenl invention, a validation mess~ge or mark is printed on a paper using ink whose color closely m~tr~Ps that of the paper and which diffusely reflects incident light substantially uni~llllly in all directions. The paper on which the ink is applied, because of its inherent glossiness, has a tendency to reflect light ~Icfelcnlially at an angle of reflectance which corresponds to the angle of incidence of the incident light. Accordingly, the brightness of the un~linted portions of the paper depends on the angle at which it is viewed. In contrast, the brightness of the printing is substantially independent of the angle at which it is viewed. As a result, at most viewing angles the 21 ~63~
validation message will be visible because it will appear either brighter or darker than the unprinted paper background.
The novel features which are believed to be characteristic of the invention, together with further objects and advantages thereof, will be better understood 5 from the following description considered in connection with the accompanying drawings in which a preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of example. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are forthe ~u~ose of illustration and description only and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention.
10 Brief Description of Drawings Figure 1 is a diagram used for defining the angle of incidence and the viewing angle;
Figure 2 is a graph showing how the bri~l,l.,css of the paper and of the ink vary with the viewing angle;
Figure 3 is a diagram showing a first arrangement for viewing the validation mark;
Figure 4 is a diagram showing the appearance of the validation mark when viewed in the manner shown in Figure 3;
Figure 5 is a diagram showing a second arrange...ent for viewing the 20 validation mark; and, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the appearance of the validation mark when viewed in the manner shown in Figure S.
Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention Figure 1 is a diagram showing a sheet 10 of the printed paper of the 25 present invention viewed edgewise. Various angles will be measured from a line perpendicular to the sheet 10, in confolll.ily with conventional optical usage.
Light from a source 14 travels along the line 16 to the point where the perpendic-ular 12 intersects the sheet 10. If that point is unl)linted, the light will be reflected in every direction, and typically the reflection will be strongest in the 30 direction indicated by the line 18, to the extent that the sheet 10 is glossy. Most 2~j963~6~
papers exhibit some degree of glossiness caused by calendering during their production. For purposes of explanation, the angle between the perpendicular 12 and the line 16 is denoted by a.
Figure 1 also shows the eye 20 of an observer, and some of the light from S the source 14 as it is reflected via the line 22 to the eye 20 of the observer. The angle between the perpendicular 12 and the line 22 is denoted by ,~.
Figure 2 shows two graphs. The first graph is a holi;contal line 24 showing the perceived brightness of the ink of the ~,lesent invention at the point where the perpendicular 12 intersects the sheet 10. The second graph 26 shows the 10 perceived brightness at the point where the perpendicular 12 intersects the sheet 10 as~ullling there is no ink at that location. That is, the graph 24 shows the brighll,css of the ink, and the graph 26 shows the brightness of the paper whichforms the bacLy,,ound on which the ink is printed and viewed. In Figure 2, the location of the light source 14 is maintained constant, and the position of the eye 15 20 of the viewer varies.
From Figure 2 it is seen that the brightness of the ink remains the same regardless of the angle ,B at which it is viewed, but the brightness of the paper depends on the angle at which it is viewed. Ordinarily, the brightness of the paper is least if it is viewed in the direction of the incident light 16, and the 20 briy,l,tl,css is greatest in the direction 18. From Figure 2 it is seen that when the sheet 10 is viewed at angles ~ close to the angle of incidence a as shown in Figure 5, the brigl,ll,css of the ink will exceed the blighl"ess of the paper, and the v~ tion mark will therefore appear as shown in Figure 6. On the other hand, if the sheet 10 is viewed by grazing light as in Figure 3, the brightness of the25 paper will exceed the brightness of the ink, and the validation mark will appear as shown in Figure 4.
The graphs 24 and 26 of Figure 2 show an ideal case where the ink and paper have identical brightness when viewed perpendicular to the sheet 10.
Although this is the pl~fell~d embodiment, in other embodiments the brightness 30 of the ink may differ slightly from the brightness of the paper when viewed perpendicular to the sheet 10. This has the effect of moving the graph 24 slightly up (as in-lir~ted by the dashed line 24') or down with respect to the graph 26 in Wo 94/22676 PCT/US94/03415 5~1S~631~
Figure 2, but that does not change the way in which the validation mark of the present invention works.
In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the validation mark is applied to a sheet of paper by printing the mark on the paper5 using a conventional printing process. The ink is applied in a very thin layer and is not opaque. That is, the validation mark is not visible to the unaided eye when viewed by a light shining through the paper. The ink is unique in its make-up and is closely matched to the color of the paper, and the brighlness of the ink after it has been applied to the paper and dried, and when viewed perpendicular to the10 paper, should be a~plu,Li~ately the same as the brightness of the u~ ed portion of the paper.
In a preferred embodiment the validating word, such as "VALID" or "SAFE" is printed in what is lefc~ed to in the printing arts as an outline font or an open font. r;~...ples of such fonts include: Augustea Inline, Beton Open, 15 Cheltenham Bold Outline, Cheltenham Open, Columna, Franklin Gothic Condensed Outline, Gothic Outline Title No. 61, Stymie Open, Thorne Shaded, and Trump Gravur.
It has been found that the validation mark of the present invention can be applied to previously printed paper and can also be printed upon. This permits 20 the v~lirl~tion mark to be used in combination with other security measures, such as the use of a pantograph and/or a copy-defeating pattern, without impairing the effe.;liveness of the other measures.
The ingredients of the ink used in the ~,~e~l,ed embodiment for use on a white paper, specifically NCR 26 Ib. coated back paper, are listed in Table 1. As 25 with most inks, this one includes a pigment, an anti-skin ingredient, a wetting agent, a tack reducer, and varnish. The ink is absorbed into the paper substrateby use of the modifïed varnish, oils and solvents. The inherent reflectivity of the paper is replaced by that of the ink, thereby producing the desired effect.
~5~63~ 6 PERCENT BY
WEIGHT INGREDIENT
57% WHITE PIGMENT TITANIUM DIOXIDE-PIGMENT #6 13% DULL POWDER SILICON DIOXIDE
2% ANTI-SKIN N-HEXYL CARBITOL
3% WETnNG AGENT HYPOT~IIOLATE CONC.
5% TACK REDUCER MAGIE 52 OIL
12% VARNISH MODIFIED PHENOLIC RESIN/CUT WITH LIN-SEED OIL
8% VARNISH MODIFIED HYDROCARBON RESIN/CUT WITH
ALKYD
The foregoing detailed description is illustrative of one embodiment of the invention, and it is to be understood that ~AAition~l embodil,lel,ls thereof will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The embodill~ellls described herein together with those additional embodilllenls are conciAered to be within the scope of the5 invention.
Industrial Applicability The v~liA~tion mark owes its usefulness to the optical characteristics of a special ink applied to an original AOL;!11115~nt and to the ll,anner in which the ink is applied to the original do-;ull.e,ll in accorda"ce with the method of the present 10 invel~lio~. Copies of the document will lack the v~liA~tion mark. By viewing a ~u~o,led ongin~l document in the ll,al~er described above, its authenticity can quickly be verified without the use of special verifying equipment. This makes the validation mark particularly well suited for use by persons who receive documents but who normally lack sophisticated i~ ulllenls for v~ tine the documents. In 15 addition to its use on bank cheques, the validation mark could be used advantageously on travel tickets, gambling tickets, sports and entertainment tickets, stock and bond certificates, passports, birth and death certificates, government-issued papers, and receipts of every kind.
5% TACK REDUCER MAGIE 52 OIL
12% VARNISH MODIFIED PHENOLIC RESIN/CUT WITH LIN-SEED OIL
8% VARNISH MODIFIED HYDROCARBON RESIN/CUT WITH
ALKYD
The foregoing detailed description is illustrative of one embodiment of the invention, and it is to be understood that ~AAition~l embodil,lel,ls thereof will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The embodill~ellls described herein together with those additional embodilllenls are conciAered to be within the scope of the5 invention.
Industrial Applicability The v~liA~tion mark owes its usefulness to the optical characteristics of a special ink applied to an original AOL;!11115~nt and to the ll,anner in which the ink is applied to the original do-;ull.e,ll in accorda"ce with the method of the present 10 invel~lio~. Copies of the document will lack the v~liA~tion mark. By viewing a ~u~o,led ongin~l document in the ll,al~er described above, its authenticity can quickly be verified without the use of special verifying equipment. This makes the validation mark particularly well suited for use by persons who receive documents but who normally lack sophisticated i~ ulllenls for v~ tine the documents. In 15 addition to its use on bank cheques, the validation mark could be used advantageously on travel tickets, gambling tickets, sports and entertainment tickets, stock and bond certificates, passports, birth and death certificates, government-issued papers, and receipts of every kind.
Claims (37)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method for producing a validation mark on paper, said method characterized by the step of:
printing the validation mark on the paper with an ink having substantially the same color as the paper, the ink when dry having directional reflective properties that are more uniform than those of the paper, the ink being applied to the paper in a very thin layer that when dry is not visible to an unaided eye when viewed by a light shining through the paper.
printing the validation mark on the paper with an ink having substantially the same color as the paper, the ink when dry having directional reflective properties that are more uniform than those of the paper, the ink being applied to the paper in a very thin layer that when dry is not visible to an unaided eye when viewed by a light shining through the paper.
2. The method of Claim 1 further characterized by the preliminary step of printing visible indicia on the paper using conventional ink.
3. The method of Claim 1 further characterized by the subsequent step of printing visible indicia on the paper using conventional ink.
4. A validation mark on a sheet of paper, said validation mark characterized by:
a coating covering a portion of the sheet of paper, said coating so thin as not to be visible to an unaided eye when viewed by a light shining through the sheet of paper, said coating having substantially the same color as the paper, and having more uniform directional reflective properties than the sheet of paper, whereby when the mark is illuminated by a light source located to one side of the mark, the mark appears lighter than the paper around it when viewed from the same side as the light source and the mark appears darker than the paper around it when viewed from the side opposite the light source.
a coating covering a portion of the sheet of paper, said coating so thin as not to be visible to an unaided eye when viewed by a light shining through the sheet of paper, said coating having substantially the same color as the paper, and having more uniform directional reflective properties than the sheet of paper, whereby when the mark is illuminated by a light source located to one side of the mark, the mark appears lighter than the paper around it when viewed from the same side as the light source and the mark appears darker than the paper around it when viewed from the side opposite the light source.
5. The validation mark of Claim 4 wherein said coating is non-opaque and has approximately the same brightness as the sheet of paper when viewed perpendicular to the paper.
6. The validation mark of Claim 4 wherein the sheet of paper bears visible indicia.
7. A counterfeit-resistant document comprising:
a paper comprising a non-patterned portion; and a coating covering said non-patterned portion of said paper, said coating having a thickness and said coating having a color that matches the color of said non-patterned portion of said paper, such that said coating is not readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of said paper, said coating having more uniform directional reflective properties than said non-patterned portion of said paper, such that said coating is readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle different from said angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of said paper.
a paper comprising a non-patterned portion; and a coating covering said non-patterned portion of said paper, said coating having a thickness and said coating having a color that matches the color of said non-patterned portion of said paper, such that said coating is not readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of said paper, said coating having more uniform directional reflective properties than said non-patterned portion of said paper, such that said coating is readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle different from said angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of said paper.
8. The document of Claim 7 wherein when said coating is illuminated by a light source located at an angle relative to the surface of said paper, said coating appears lighter than said non-patterned portion of said paper when viewed from a first position at substantially the same angle relative to the surface of said paper as the light source, and said coating appears darker than said non-patterned portion of said paper when viewed from a second position located at an angle approximately complementary to said first position.
9. The document of Claim 8 wherein the contrast between said coating and said non-patterned portion of said paper when viewed at said second angle defines at least one alpha character.
10. The document of Claim 9 wherein the contrast between said coating and said non-patterned portion of said paper when viewed from said first position defines a first pattern of at least one alpha character having a first font and a second pattern of at least one alpha character having a second font different from said first font.
11. The document of Claim 10 wherein said first pattern and said second pattern are disposed on said paper such that said first pattern appears darker than said non-patterned portion of said paper and said second pattern appears lighter than said non-patterned portion of said paper when said paper is viewed from said first position, and said first pattern appears lighter than said non-patterned portion of said paper and said second pattern appears darker than said non-patterned portion of said paper when said paper is viewed from said second position.
12. The document of Claim 10 wherein said non-patterned portion of said paper extends across the surface of said paper, and wherein said first pattern and said second pattern are disposed in a repetitive, altering pattern across said non-patterned portion of said paper.
13. The document of Claim 10 wherein said first font and said second font are each selected from the group consisting of Augustea Inline, Beton Open, Cheltenham Bold Outline, Cheltenham Open, Columna, Franklin Gothic Condensed Outline, Gothic Outline Title No. 61, Stymie Open, Thorne Shaded, and Trump Gravur.
14. A counterfeit-resistant document comprising:
a paper comprising a white non-patterned portion; and a coating covering said non-patterned portion of said paper, said coating having a thickness and said coating having a color that matches the color of said non-patterned portion of said paper, such that said coating is not readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of said paper, said coating having more uniform directional reflective properties than said non-patterned portion of said paper, such that said coating is readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle different from said angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of said paper, wherein said coating comprises a combination of white pigment, dull powder, anti-skin ingredient, wetting agent, tack reducer, and at least one type of varnish.
a paper comprising a white non-patterned portion; and a coating covering said non-patterned portion of said paper, said coating having a thickness and said coating having a color that matches the color of said non-patterned portion of said paper, such that said coating is not readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of said paper, said coating having more uniform directional reflective properties than said non-patterned portion of said paper, such that said coating is readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle different from said angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of said paper, wherein said coating comprises a combination of white pigment, dull powder, anti-skin ingredient, wetting agent, tack reducer, and at least one type of varnish.
15. The document of Claim 14 wherein said coating comprises a combination of Titanium Dioxide Pigment #6, Silicon Dioxide, N-Hexyl Carbitol, Hypothiolate Concentrate, Magie 52 Oil, Modified Phenolic Resin/cut with Linseed Oil, and Modified Hydro-Carbon Resin/cut with Alkyd.
16. The document of Claim 15 wherein said coating comprises the following combinations by weights:
approximately 57% Titanium Dioxide Pigment #6, approximately 13% Silicon Dioxide, approximately 2% N-Hexyl Carbitol, approximately 3% Hypothiolate Concentrate, approximately 5% Magie 52 Oil, approximately 12% Modified Phenolic Resin/cut with Linseed Oil; and approximately 8% Modified Hydro-Carbon Resin/cut Alkyd.
approximately 57% Titanium Dioxide Pigment #6, approximately 13% Silicon Dioxide, approximately 2% N-Hexyl Carbitol, approximately 3% Hypothiolate Concentrate, approximately 5% Magie 52 Oil, approximately 12% Modified Phenolic Resin/cut with Linseed Oil; and approximately 8% Modified Hydro-Carbon Resin/cut Alkyd.
17. A method for producing a validation mark on the surface of a document, the method comprising the steps:
preparing an ink having substantially the same color as a paper on which the validation mark is placed;
applying a thin layer of the ink to a non-patterned portion of the paper in accordance with a desired pattern, such that when dry, the coating is not readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of the paper, the coating having more uniform directional reflective properties than the non-patterned portion of the paper, such that the coating is readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle different from the angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of the paper; and drying the ink.
preparing an ink having substantially the same color as a paper on which the validation mark is placed;
applying a thin layer of the ink to a non-patterned portion of the paper in accordance with a desired pattern, such that when dry, the coating is not readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of the paper, the coating having more uniform directional reflective properties than the non-patterned portion of the paper, such that the coating is readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle different from the angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of the paper; and drying the ink.
18. The method of Claim 17 wherein said ink application step comprises printing the ink on the non-patterned portion of the paper, and wherein the desired pattern defines at least one alpha character.
19. The method of Claim 18 wherein the contrast between the ink and the non-patterned portion of the paper defines a first pattern of alpha characters printed in a first font and a second pattern of alpha characters printed in a second font different from the first font.
20. The method of Claim 19 wherein said ink application step further comprises printing the first and second patterns on the non-patterned portion of the paper, such that the first pattern appears darker than the non-patterned portion of the paper and the second pattern appears lighter than the non-patterned portion of the paper when the paper is viewed from a first position, and the first pattern appears lighter than the non-patterned portion of the paper and the second pattern appears darker than the non-patterned portion of the paper when the paper is viewed from a second position.
21. The method of Claim 20 wherein said ink application step further comprises printing the first and second patterns in a repetitive, alternating pattern across the surface of the paper.
22. The method of Claim 21 wherein said ink application step further comprises printing the first font and second font in a font selected from the group consisting of Augustea Inline, Beton Open, Cheltenham Bold Outline, Cheltenham Open, Columna, Franklin Gothic Condensed Outline, Gothic Outline Title No. 61, Stymie Open, Thorne Shaded, and Trump Gravur.
23. A mark on a surface of a paper, said mark comprising:
a coating covering a portion of said surface of said paper, said coating having a thickness such that said coating is not readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle approximately perpendicular to said surface of said paper, said coating having more uniform directional reflective properties than said paper, whereby when said mark is illuminated by a light source located at an angle relative to said surface of said paper, said coating appears lighter than said paper when said mark is viewed from a first position at substantially the same angle relative to said paper as the light source and said coating appears darker than said paper when said mark is viewed from a second position located at an angle approximately complementary to said first position.
a coating covering a portion of said surface of said paper, said coating having a thickness such that said coating is not readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle approximately perpendicular to said surface of said paper, said coating having more uniform directional reflective properties than said paper, whereby when said mark is illuminated by a light source located at an angle relative to said surface of said paper, said coating appears lighter than said paper when said mark is viewed from a first position at substantially the same angle relative to said paper as the light source and said coating appears darker than said paper when said mark is viewed from a second position located at an angle approximately complementary to said first position.
24. The mark of Claim 23 wherein the contrast between said coating and said surface of said paper when viewed at an angle of less than 90° relative to said paper defines at least one alpha character.
25. The mark of Claim 24 wherein the contrast between said coating and said surface of said paper when viewed at an angle of less than 90° relative to said paper defines a first pattern of at least one alpha character having a first font and a second pattern of at least one alpha character having a second font different from said first font.
26. The mark of Claim 25 wherein said first pattern and said second pattern are disposed on said paper such that said first pattern appears darker than said paper and said second pattern appears lighter than said paper when said paper is viewed from said first position, and said first pattern appears lighter than said paper and said second pattern appears darker than said paper when said paper is viewed from said second position.
27. The mark of Claim 25 wherein said first pattern and said second pattern are disposed in a repetitive, alternating pattern across said surface of said paper.
28. The mark of Claim 25 wherein said first font and said second font are each selected from the group consisting of Augustea Inline, Beton Open, Cheltenham Bold Outline, Cheltenham Open, Columna, Franklin Gothic Condensed Outline, Gothic Outline Title No. 61, Stymie Open, Thorne Shaded, and Trump Gravur.
29. A validation mark on a surface of white paper, said validation mark comprising:
a coating covering a portion of said paper, said coating having a thickness such that said coating is not readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle approximately perpendicular to said surface of said paper, and having more uniform directional reflective properties than said paper, wherein said coating comprises a combination of white pigment, dull powder, anti-skin ingredient, wetting agent, tack reducer, and at least one type of varnish.
a coating covering a portion of said paper, said coating having a thickness such that said coating is not readily ascertainable by the unaided eye when viewed from an angle approximately perpendicular to said surface of said paper, and having more uniform directional reflective properties than said paper, wherein said coating comprises a combination of white pigment, dull powder, anti-skin ingredient, wetting agent, tack reducer, and at least one type of varnish.
30. The validation mark of Claim 29 wherein said coating comprises a combination of Titanium Dioxide Pigment #6, Silicon Dioxide, N-Hexyl Carbitol, Hypothiolate Concentrate, Magie 52 Oil, Modified Phenolic Resin/cut with Linseed Oil, and Modified Hydrocarbon Resin/cut with Alkyd.
31. The validation mark of Claim 30 wherein said coating comprises the following ingredients by weight:
approximately 57% Titanium Dioxide Pigment #6, approximately 13% Silicon Dioxide, approximately 2% N-Hexyl Carbitol, approximately 3% Hypothiolate Concentrate, approximately 5% Magie 52 Oil, approximately 12% Modified Phenolic Resin/cut with Linseed Oil; and approximately 8% Modified Hydro-Carbon Resin/cut with Alkyd.
approximately 57% Titanium Dioxide Pigment #6, approximately 13% Silicon Dioxide, approximately 2% N-Hexyl Carbitol, approximately 3% Hypothiolate Concentrate, approximately 5% Magie 52 Oil, approximately 12% Modified Phenolic Resin/cut with Linseed Oil; and approximately 8% Modified Hydro-Carbon Resin/cut with Alkyd.
32. A method for producing a validation mark on the surface of a paper, comprising the steps of:
preparing an ink having substantially the same color as the paper on which the mark is to be placed;
applying a thin layer of ink to the surface of said substrate in accordance with a desired pattern, such that when dry the ink has directional reflective properties that are more uniform than those of the paper and is not readily ascertainable to the unaided eye when viewed from an angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of the paper; and drying the ink.
preparing an ink having substantially the same color as the paper on which the mark is to be placed;
applying a thin layer of ink to the surface of said substrate in accordance with a desired pattern, such that when dry the ink has directional reflective properties that are more uniform than those of the paper and is not readily ascertainable to the unaided eye when viewed from an angle approximately perpendicular to the surface of the paper; and drying the ink.
33. The method of Claim 32 wherein the step of applying is performed by printing and said desired pattern defines at least one alpha character.
34. The method of Claim 33 wherein the contrast between said ink and the surface of the paper defines a first pattern of alpha characters printed in a first font and a second pattern of alpha characters printed in a second font different from said first font.
35. The method of Claim 34 wherein the step of printing further comprises printing said first and second patterns on said paper such that the first pattern appears darker than the paper and the second pattern appears lighter than the paper when the paper is viewed from a first position, and the first pattern appears lighter than the paper and the second pattern appears darker than the paper when the paper is viewed from a second position.
36. The method of Claim 35, wherein the step of printing further comprises printing said first and second patterns in a repetitive, alternating pattern across the surface of the paper.
37. The method of Claim 34, wherein said printing step further comprises printing said first font and said second font in a font selected from the group consisting of Augustea Inline, Beton Open, Cheltenham Bold Outline, Cheltenham Open, Columna, Franklin Gothic Condensed Outline, Gothic Outline Title No. 61, Stymie Open, Thorne Shaded, and Trump Gravur.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/024,675 US5344192A (en) | 1993-04-01 | 1993-04-01 | Visual validation mark for bank checks and other security documents |
| US08/024,675 | 1993-04-01 | ||
| PCT/US1994/003415 WO1994022676A1 (en) | 1993-04-01 | 1994-03-29 | Visual validation mark |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2159636A1 CA2159636A1 (en) | 1994-10-13 |
| CA2159636C true CA2159636C (en) | 2001-10-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002159636A Expired - Fee Related CA2159636C (en) | 1993-04-01 | 1994-03-29 | Visual validation mark |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US5344192A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0693992A4 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6494394A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2159636C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2276588B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994022676A1 (en) |
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-
1993
- 1993-04-01 US US08/024,675 patent/US5344192A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-19 GB GB9314928A patent/GB2276588B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-03-29 WO PCT/US1994/003415 patent/WO1994022676A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-03-29 CA CA002159636A patent/CA2159636C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-29 AU AU64943/94A patent/AU6494394A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-03-29 EP EP94912340A patent/EP0693992A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-08-17 US US08/291,873 patent/US5695220A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-12-09 US US08/987,909 patent/US5826916A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| GB2276588B (en) | 1996-08-28 |
| GB2276588A (en) | 1994-10-05 |
| CA2159636A1 (en) | 1994-10-13 |
| US5344192A (en) | 1994-09-06 |
| EP0693992A4 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
| US5826916A (en) | 1998-10-27 |
| EP0693992A1 (en) | 1996-01-31 |
| AU6494394A (en) | 1994-10-24 |
| US5695220A (en) | 1997-12-09 |
| WO1994022676A1 (en) | 1994-10-13 |
| GB9314928D0 (en) | 1993-09-01 |
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