CA2230274A1 - Heat exchanger and a method for producing the same - Google Patents
Heat exchanger and a method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2230274A1 CA2230274A1 CA002230274A CA2230274A CA2230274A1 CA 2230274 A1 CA2230274 A1 CA 2230274A1 CA 002230274 A CA002230274 A CA 002230274A CA 2230274 A CA2230274 A CA 2230274A CA 2230274 A1 CA2230274 A1 CA 2230274A1
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bag
- bags
- heat exchanger
- steam
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/12—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D3/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
Abstract
The method relates to a film heat exchanger and a method for constructing the same. The heat exchanger comprises bags (1) made of film material in order to transfer heat from the steam to be condensated inside the bags to the liquid to be evaporated on the outer surfaces (18) thereof, as well as feed channel arrays for distributing steam (10) and liquid onto the internal and external heat transfer surfaces of the bags. According to the invention, inside the top end (2) of each bag (1), there is provided an essentially straight strip (11) bordering the steam channels (10), to which strip the bag is fastened; in connection with the fastening, the top edge of the bag is pulled straight by bending the bag, so that the middle part of the bag is raised in relation to the sides (12) thereof, and the thus straightened edge is then attached to the strip provided inside the bag. Respectively, the bottom edge (3) of the bag can be cut to be upwardly concave and fastened, after straightening, to a strip (15) fitted inside the bottom end of the bag, and comprising condensate removal channels (14). When straightening the top and bottom edges (2, 3) of the bag, there are created horizontal folds (13) in the film material, which folds serve as an inflation margin while pressurizing the bag.
Description
WO 97113112 PCTn~96/00519 HEAT EXCHANGER AND A ~D~rHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
The present invention relates to a heat e~ch~nger comprising bags made of 5 film m~t~ri~l for transferring heat from the steam being conclen~te~l inside the bags to the liquid being evaporated on the outer surfaces of the bags, as well as feed channel arrays provided at the top end of the bags for distributing the steam and liquid on the heat transfer sllrf~çes both inside and outside the bags.
The Finnish publication print 86,961 describes a heat exchanger composed of plastic film bags, said heat exch~n~r being designed for tli~tillin~ sea water or for concellL-~Lillg various solutions or suspensions. The bags provided with liquid and steam channel systems are bound together to form a package, where the liquid under tre~nent is conducted to evaporate on the outer surfaces of the bags, whereafter the evaporation steam is compressed in a compressor to higher pressure and temperature and is conducted to inside the bags to serve as heating steam, which in the heat transfer is conrlçn~te~l back into liquid.
The FI patent application 944,472, related to the present invention in a way stipulated under section 2, subsection 2 of the Patent Law, describes a construction comprising feed channel systems for liquid and steam, provided at the top end of the bags and suited to be used in a heat exch~n~er operating according to the principle described in the FI publication 86,961. According to said application, the channel systems are re~ e-l by means of interconnected elemente, every second of which is located inside the bag end, and every second outside the bag, and where the fastening means are notches and grooves, wherebetween the film surfaces of the bags are locked. By means of the notches and grooves, the films are thus folded; the folds make the bags narrower in the transversal direction thereof, at the same time creating an exr~n~eion margin in order to prevent the bags from stretching or tearing due to the effect of the pressurized he~tin~ steam fed therein.
~r The FI patent application 953,182, which is likewise related to the present invention in a way stipulated under section 2, subsection 2 of the Patent Law, further describes a structural solution for the liquid and steam feed çh~nnele~
wherein the bags, at the top ends whereof there are provided intern~l stean feed strips, are removably attached to a common ch~nnel frame co~ i" illg _ both steam and liquid çh~nnel~. Also in this case the folding of the bag film m~t~ri~l is re~ ed by means of notches or grooves provided in said strips.
In the prior art solutions described above, difficulties may occur when 5 bending the film material to conform to the notches or grooves of the elementsor strips forming the liquid or steam channels in order to fold the m~ttqri~l in a desired fashion. It may easily happen that the plastic film arranged in between or around the elements or strips gives way by stretching, in which case the desired corrugation is not achieved.
The object of the present invention is to provide an alternative solution, as compared to the ones mentioned above, for connecting bags made of film material to the steam channels located at the top end of a heat exch~n~er, in which case we achieve a simple and compact structure, and said stretching 15 problem of the films can be avoided. The heat exçh~nger according to the invention is characterized in that at the top end of each bag, inside the bag, there is fitted an essentially straight strip bordering the steam channels to which strip the bag is fastened, and that in connection with the f~ctrnin~, the bag has been shaped for improving its infl~t:~bility by cutting the top edge of 20 the bag to be concave, and by thereafter pulling it straight, so that the middle part of the bag is raised in relation to the sides, and by ~tt~rhing the thus str~i~htçned edge to the internal strip provided in the bag.
According to the invention, the sides of the steam-channel-bordering strips 25 provided inside the bags are essentially straight plane surfaces, i.e. clear of all possible notches and/or grooves used in the prior art solutions for fastening the liquid and steam feed elements to each other, in which case the film material of the bags attached to the strips cannot stretch. The raising the middle part of the bag in relation to the sides results in that the bag sides 30 contain somewhat more film m~tçri~l, and as a consequence the inflation and tension caused by the steam are distributed evenly, without rem~rk~ble tension differences between the middle and side areas of the bag. The heat exchanger according to the invention utilizes the capacity of the heat transfer surfaces of the bags along the whole width thereof, prevents any stretching or 35 tearing of the film material of the bags and keeps the steam feed channels and the interior of the inflated bag open, so that blockages disturbing the steam feed are not created.
W O 97/13112 PCT~FI96/00519 According to the invention, the cutting of the top end of the bag can be carriedout so that the depth of the arch created therein is about 1 - 4 %, advantageously about 2 - 3 %, of the with of an llninfl~ted bag.
5 Each pair of films of a bag may be seamed together at vertically proceeding seams, which divide the intern~l space of the bag into respective vertical sections. Advantageously the seams are ~lesigned to follow a 7ig7~inp;
p~ttçrn and they include inlellu~lions, at which adjacent sections are connected to each other. In the heat exchanger according to the invention, the 10 pressurized heating steam conducted to the bags inflates said sections evenly along the whole width of the bags.
The bags serving as heat transfer elements according to the invention can also be deformed at the bottom end thereof, in respective fashion as at the top end 15 thereof. In this case the bottom end of each bag is shaped by cutting the bottom edge of the bag to be upwardly concave and by thereafter pulling the edge straight, so that the bag sides are raised in relation to the middle part of the bag, and by ~tt~ching the thus str~ightçned bottom edge of the bag to a strip fitted inside the bottom end of the bag and including channels for 20 removing con(len.c~qtion. Now the top and bottom ends of the bag can be essentially symmetrical to each other.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid feed ch~nnel arrays of the top end of the heat exchanger are included in elements that are 25 arranged in between the bags, so that the liquid channels are located partly or wholly lmclernç~th the strips provided inside the bags and bordering the steam channels. This enables a compact structure where the strips and the elements co..~ .i..g liquid channels are designed to be well matched, and where the strips are supported by said elements. Any notches or grooves for binding the 30 strips and elements together are not needed in the structure, and the structure is easy to compile and easy to rlicm~ntle, for instance in order to replace the bags.
., Another object of the invention is a method for constructing a heat exch~n~er 35 comprising bags made of film material, characterized in that the top edge of each flat, essentially rect~n~ll~r bag is cut to be concave, that inside said edge there is fitted a straight strip comprising steam ch~nnel~ leading to inside thebag, ~at the top edge of the bag is pulled straight by bending the bag, so that the middle part of the bag is raised in relation to the sides thereof, and is now, after str~igl-~ç~ fastened to the strip provided inside the bag, and that the bags are compiled, together witb plate-like elements co~ g liquid channels and arranged in between the bags, to form a package bound together and incorporating the heat exchanger, in which p~c.k~ge heat is transferred from the steam located inside the bags to the liquid flowing on the outer surfaces of the bags.
The invention is explained in more detail below, with reference to the 10 appended drawing wherein:
figure 1 illustrates a bag belonging to the heat exchanger according to the invention, prior to fastening at its top and bottom end the strips co~ -i"g steam feed and con~len~te removal ch~nnel~, 15 figure 2 illustrates a bag according to figure 1, the top end whereof is provided with a strip comprising steam feed ch~nnel~, and the bottom end is provided with a strip comprising condensate removal channels, figure 3 illustrates the bag as part of a heat exchanger provided with liquid and steam channel arrays, the bag being cut at the liquid feed cha~nels located at the top end of the bag, and figure 4 shows a cross-section of three adjacent bags of the heat ~ch~np~er, with connected liquid and steam feeding channels, along ~e line IV - IV of figure 3.
A single heat transfer element in a heat exchanger according to the example is a bag 1 made of some flexible film material, such as plastic film, as is seen infigure 1. Generally speaking the bag 1 is rect~n~ r, but at the top and bottom edges 2, 3 it is cut to be concave, so that the depth h of the curves 30 formed at both edges is in this case about 3 % of the width L of the bag in straight form, i.e. when it is not infl~te-l Moreover, the top corners 4 of the bag are deformed by cutting pieces off. The pair of films forming the bag 1 is seamed together by means of vertically proceeding, 7:ig7:~ing seams 5, ~!
which divide the inside of the bag into vertical sections 6 serving as steam 35 channels. At regular intervals the seams 5 have breaks 7, at which adjacent sections 6 are interconnected. In the flat bag 1 according to figure 1, which bag is not yet provided with strips in order to create the required channel arrays, the seams at the top end of the bag all begin on the same horizontal W O 97/13112 PCT~FI96,!~519 level, indicated by the dotted line 8, and end at the bottom end of the bag at the same horizontal level, indicated by the dotted line 9.
According to the invention, the bag 1 is provided with a strip 11 attached at 5 the top end 2 of the bag, in between opposite films, said strip comprising steam ch~nnel~ 10 leading to inside the bag, as is illustrated in figure 2. The f~ctçning of the strip 11 is performed by str~i~htçnin~ the concave top edge 2 of the bag, so that the films at the sides 12 of the bag are at the same time allowed to be folded, thus forming mainly horizontal folds 13, and by se~min~;
10 the strip 11 to inside the str~i~htçned edge of the bag. The folds 13 serve as an expansion margin while the bag 1 is under use filled with pressurized heating steam. In connection with the str~igl~lell;ll~ of the top edge 2 and the f~tt?ning of the strip 11, the middle part of the bag is raised in relation to the vertical sides 12 thereof, which can be observed in figure 2 in that the starting line 8 15 of the int~rn~l seams 5 of the bag is arched to be convex.
In respective fashion, the bag 1 is provided with a strip 15 attached at the bottom end 3 thereof, in between opposite films, said strip comprising con(l~n~te removal channels 14 leading out of the bag. The f~t~nin~ of the 20 strip 15 is carried out by str~igl~le~ lg the upwardly concave bottom edge 3 of the bag, by allowing the films at the sides of the bag at the same time to be folded to horizontal folds 13, and by se~ming the strip 15 to inside the straightened bottom edge of the bag. As a result of this procedure, the verticalsides 12 of the bag are raised in relation to the middle part of the bag, which 25 in figure 2 is seen in that the ending line 9 of heat transfer element seams 5 inside the bag is arched to be concave.
A heat exchanger that can include a large number of bags 1 arranged ~g~inct each other is compiled by placing in turn bags provided with strips 11, 15 and 30 elements 17 co~ il-g liquid feed channels 16 against each other and by binding them together in order to form a package as is illustrated in figure 4.
Figure 3 shows a cross-section of a single element 17 cont~inin~ liquid channels, through which element the liquid to be evaporated is fed onto the outer surfaces 18 of two adjacent bags, said surfaces being located ~g~in~t 35 each other and serving as heat transfer surfaces. The feeding of liquid takes place fi-om the sides of the heat exchanger to the diagonally downwards inclined feed channels 19, which are divided into vertical distribution cha~nels 20 distributing the liquid onto the heat transfer surfaces 18, as is W O 97/13112 PCTn~9C~'19 indicated by means of the arrows in figure 3. The heating steam, which is economically obtained evaporation steam, heated and pressurized in a compressor, is fed from the top of the heat exch~nger to the steam ch~nnels 10 provided in the strips 11, from which the steam proceeds to inside the bags 1 J
5and is conden~ated into liquid in the 7ig7~ggin~ vertical ch~nnel~ 6 bordered by the seams 3. The exp~n~ion margin required by the steam çh~nnel~ 6 inside the bags is created by means of horizontal folds or corrugations 13 re~li7e-1 inthe bag according to the method of invention. Said folds or corrugations are smoothed out when the bag is inflated.
The structure of the members that form the liquid and steam feeding ch~nnel arrays in the heat exchanger according to the invention is best seen in figure 4.
The liquid feed ch~nnçl.c 19, 20 are included in the narrow, plate-like elements 17 that are closed in the sideways direction and provided at the top 15with stepped shoulders 21, said shoulders supporting the steam feeding strips 11 between the elements provided inside the bags 1. Above the shoulders 21, the elements 17 comprise thin plate-like parts that are located in between the strips 11 and extend as far as the rounded ends 22 of the elements. The strips 11 are located so that the steam channels 10 are as a whole located above the liquid channels 19, 20. The top edges 2 of the bags made of film m~ten~l are essentially located on the level of top end of the strips 11, and the film pairsof the bags are at their top end located in between the liquid feed elements 17.The internal seams 5 of the bags and the sections 6 start, according to figure 4, at the bottom edge 23 of the elements 17. Figure 4 includes arrows that indicate the feeding of steam to inside the bags 1 and the feeding of steam via the channels 19, 20 onto the heat transfer surfaces 18 of the bags.
It is apparent for a man skilled in the art that the various modifications of the invention are not limited to the example described above, but may vary wi~in the scope of the appended claims.
The present invention relates to a heat e~ch~nger comprising bags made of 5 film m~t~ri~l for transferring heat from the steam being conclen~te~l inside the bags to the liquid being evaporated on the outer surfaces of the bags, as well as feed channel arrays provided at the top end of the bags for distributing the steam and liquid on the heat transfer sllrf~çes both inside and outside the bags.
The Finnish publication print 86,961 describes a heat exchanger composed of plastic film bags, said heat exch~n~r being designed for tli~tillin~ sea water or for concellL-~Lillg various solutions or suspensions. The bags provided with liquid and steam channel systems are bound together to form a package, where the liquid under tre~nent is conducted to evaporate on the outer surfaces of the bags, whereafter the evaporation steam is compressed in a compressor to higher pressure and temperature and is conducted to inside the bags to serve as heating steam, which in the heat transfer is conrlçn~te~l back into liquid.
The FI patent application 944,472, related to the present invention in a way stipulated under section 2, subsection 2 of the Patent Law, describes a construction comprising feed channel systems for liquid and steam, provided at the top end of the bags and suited to be used in a heat exch~n~er operating according to the principle described in the FI publication 86,961. According to said application, the channel systems are re~ e-l by means of interconnected elemente, every second of which is located inside the bag end, and every second outside the bag, and where the fastening means are notches and grooves, wherebetween the film surfaces of the bags are locked. By means of the notches and grooves, the films are thus folded; the folds make the bags narrower in the transversal direction thereof, at the same time creating an exr~n~eion margin in order to prevent the bags from stretching or tearing due to the effect of the pressurized he~tin~ steam fed therein.
~r The FI patent application 953,182, which is likewise related to the present invention in a way stipulated under section 2, subsection 2 of the Patent Law, further describes a structural solution for the liquid and steam feed çh~nnele~
wherein the bags, at the top ends whereof there are provided intern~l stean feed strips, are removably attached to a common ch~nnel frame co~ i" illg _ both steam and liquid çh~nnel~. Also in this case the folding of the bag film m~t~ri~l is re~ ed by means of notches or grooves provided in said strips.
In the prior art solutions described above, difficulties may occur when 5 bending the film material to conform to the notches or grooves of the elementsor strips forming the liquid or steam channels in order to fold the m~ttqri~l in a desired fashion. It may easily happen that the plastic film arranged in between or around the elements or strips gives way by stretching, in which case the desired corrugation is not achieved.
The object of the present invention is to provide an alternative solution, as compared to the ones mentioned above, for connecting bags made of film material to the steam channels located at the top end of a heat exch~n~er, in which case we achieve a simple and compact structure, and said stretching 15 problem of the films can be avoided. The heat exçh~nger according to the invention is characterized in that at the top end of each bag, inside the bag, there is fitted an essentially straight strip bordering the steam channels to which strip the bag is fastened, and that in connection with the f~ctrnin~, the bag has been shaped for improving its infl~t:~bility by cutting the top edge of 20 the bag to be concave, and by thereafter pulling it straight, so that the middle part of the bag is raised in relation to the sides, and by ~tt~rhing the thus str~i~htçned edge to the internal strip provided in the bag.
According to the invention, the sides of the steam-channel-bordering strips 25 provided inside the bags are essentially straight plane surfaces, i.e. clear of all possible notches and/or grooves used in the prior art solutions for fastening the liquid and steam feed elements to each other, in which case the film material of the bags attached to the strips cannot stretch. The raising the middle part of the bag in relation to the sides results in that the bag sides 30 contain somewhat more film m~tçri~l, and as a consequence the inflation and tension caused by the steam are distributed evenly, without rem~rk~ble tension differences between the middle and side areas of the bag. The heat exchanger according to the invention utilizes the capacity of the heat transfer surfaces of the bags along the whole width thereof, prevents any stretching or 35 tearing of the film material of the bags and keeps the steam feed channels and the interior of the inflated bag open, so that blockages disturbing the steam feed are not created.
W O 97/13112 PCT~FI96/00519 According to the invention, the cutting of the top end of the bag can be carriedout so that the depth of the arch created therein is about 1 - 4 %, advantageously about 2 - 3 %, of the with of an llninfl~ted bag.
5 Each pair of films of a bag may be seamed together at vertically proceeding seams, which divide the intern~l space of the bag into respective vertical sections. Advantageously the seams are ~lesigned to follow a 7ig7~inp;
p~ttçrn and they include inlellu~lions, at which adjacent sections are connected to each other. In the heat exchanger according to the invention, the 10 pressurized heating steam conducted to the bags inflates said sections evenly along the whole width of the bags.
The bags serving as heat transfer elements according to the invention can also be deformed at the bottom end thereof, in respective fashion as at the top end 15 thereof. In this case the bottom end of each bag is shaped by cutting the bottom edge of the bag to be upwardly concave and by thereafter pulling the edge straight, so that the bag sides are raised in relation to the middle part of the bag, and by ~tt~ching the thus str~ightçned bottom edge of the bag to a strip fitted inside the bottom end of the bag and including channels for 20 removing con(len.c~qtion. Now the top and bottom ends of the bag can be essentially symmetrical to each other.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid feed ch~nnel arrays of the top end of the heat exchanger are included in elements that are 25 arranged in between the bags, so that the liquid channels are located partly or wholly lmclernç~th the strips provided inside the bags and bordering the steam channels. This enables a compact structure where the strips and the elements co..~ .i..g liquid channels are designed to be well matched, and where the strips are supported by said elements. Any notches or grooves for binding the 30 strips and elements together are not needed in the structure, and the structure is easy to compile and easy to rlicm~ntle, for instance in order to replace the bags.
., Another object of the invention is a method for constructing a heat exch~n~er 35 comprising bags made of film material, characterized in that the top edge of each flat, essentially rect~n~ll~r bag is cut to be concave, that inside said edge there is fitted a straight strip comprising steam ch~nnel~ leading to inside thebag, ~at the top edge of the bag is pulled straight by bending the bag, so that the middle part of the bag is raised in relation to the sides thereof, and is now, after str~igl-~ç~ fastened to the strip provided inside the bag, and that the bags are compiled, together witb plate-like elements co~ g liquid channels and arranged in between the bags, to form a package bound together and incorporating the heat exchanger, in which p~c.k~ge heat is transferred from the steam located inside the bags to the liquid flowing on the outer surfaces of the bags.
The invention is explained in more detail below, with reference to the 10 appended drawing wherein:
figure 1 illustrates a bag belonging to the heat exchanger according to the invention, prior to fastening at its top and bottom end the strips co~ -i"g steam feed and con~len~te removal ch~nnel~, 15 figure 2 illustrates a bag according to figure 1, the top end whereof is provided with a strip comprising steam feed ch~nnel~, and the bottom end is provided with a strip comprising condensate removal channels, figure 3 illustrates the bag as part of a heat exchanger provided with liquid and steam channel arrays, the bag being cut at the liquid feed cha~nels located at the top end of the bag, and figure 4 shows a cross-section of three adjacent bags of the heat ~ch~np~er, with connected liquid and steam feeding channels, along ~e line IV - IV of figure 3.
A single heat transfer element in a heat exchanger according to the example is a bag 1 made of some flexible film material, such as plastic film, as is seen infigure 1. Generally speaking the bag 1 is rect~n~ r, but at the top and bottom edges 2, 3 it is cut to be concave, so that the depth h of the curves 30 formed at both edges is in this case about 3 % of the width L of the bag in straight form, i.e. when it is not infl~te-l Moreover, the top corners 4 of the bag are deformed by cutting pieces off. The pair of films forming the bag 1 is seamed together by means of vertically proceeding, 7:ig7:~ing seams 5, ~!
which divide the inside of the bag into vertical sections 6 serving as steam 35 channels. At regular intervals the seams 5 have breaks 7, at which adjacent sections 6 are interconnected. In the flat bag 1 according to figure 1, which bag is not yet provided with strips in order to create the required channel arrays, the seams at the top end of the bag all begin on the same horizontal W O 97/13112 PCT~FI96,!~519 level, indicated by the dotted line 8, and end at the bottom end of the bag at the same horizontal level, indicated by the dotted line 9.
According to the invention, the bag 1 is provided with a strip 11 attached at 5 the top end 2 of the bag, in between opposite films, said strip comprising steam ch~nnel~ 10 leading to inside the bag, as is illustrated in figure 2. The f~ctçning of the strip 11 is performed by str~i~htçnin~ the concave top edge 2 of the bag, so that the films at the sides 12 of the bag are at the same time allowed to be folded, thus forming mainly horizontal folds 13, and by se~min~;
10 the strip 11 to inside the str~i~htçned edge of the bag. The folds 13 serve as an expansion margin while the bag 1 is under use filled with pressurized heating steam. In connection with the str~igl~lell;ll~ of the top edge 2 and the f~tt?ning of the strip 11, the middle part of the bag is raised in relation to the vertical sides 12 thereof, which can be observed in figure 2 in that the starting line 8 15 of the int~rn~l seams 5 of the bag is arched to be convex.
In respective fashion, the bag 1 is provided with a strip 15 attached at the bottom end 3 thereof, in between opposite films, said strip comprising con(l~n~te removal channels 14 leading out of the bag. The f~t~nin~ of the 20 strip 15 is carried out by str~igl~le~ lg the upwardly concave bottom edge 3 of the bag, by allowing the films at the sides of the bag at the same time to be folded to horizontal folds 13, and by se~ming the strip 15 to inside the straightened bottom edge of the bag. As a result of this procedure, the verticalsides 12 of the bag are raised in relation to the middle part of the bag, which 25 in figure 2 is seen in that the ending line 9 of heat transfer element seams 5 inside the bag is arched to be concave.
A heat exchanger that can include a large number of bags 1 arranged ~g~inct each other is compiled by placing in turn bags provided with strips 11, 15 and 30 elements 17 co~ il-g liquid feed channels 16 against each other and by binding them together in order to form a package as is illustrated in figure 4.
Figure 3 shows a cross-section of a single element 17 cont~inin~ liquid channels, through which element the liquid to be evaporated is fed onto the outer surfaces 18 of two adjacent bags, said surfaces being located ~g~in~t 35 each other and serving as heat transfer surfaces. The feeding of liquid takes place fi-om the sides of the heat exchanger to the diagonally downwards inclined feed channels 19, which are divided into vertical distribution cha~nels 20 distributing the liquid onto the heat transfer surfaces 18, as is W O 97/13112 PCTn~9C~'19 indicated by means of the arrows in figure 3. The heating steam, which is economically obtained evaporation steam, heated and pressurized in a compressor, is fed from the top of the heat exch~nger to the steam ch~nnels 10 provided in the strips 11, from which the steam proceeds to inside the bags 1 J
5and is conden~ated into liquid in the 7ig7~ggin~ vertical ch~nnel~ 6 bordered by the seams 3. The exp~n~ion margin required by the steam çh~nnel~ 6 inside the bags is created by means of horizontal folds or corrugations 13 re~li7e-1 inthe bag according to the method of invention. Said folds or corrugations are smoothed out when the bag is inflated.
The structure of the members that form the liquid and steam feeding ch~nnel arrays in the heat exchanger according to the invention is best seen in figure 4.
The liquid feed ch~nnçl.c 19, 20 are included in the narrow, plate-like elements 17 that are closed in the sideways direction and provided at the top 15with stepped shoulders 21, said shoulders supporting the steam feeding strips 11 between the elements provided inside the bags 1. Above the shoulders 21, the elements 17 comprise thin plate-like parts that are located in between the strips 11 and extend as far as the rounded ends 22 of the elements. The strips 11 are located so that the steam channels 10 are as a whole located above the liquid channels 19, 20. The top edges 2 of the bags made of film m~ten~l are essentially located on the level of top end of the strips 11, and the film pairsof the bags are at their top end located in between the liquid feed elements 17.The internal seams 5 of the bags and the sections 6 start, according to figure 4, at the bottom edge 23 of the elements 17. Figure 4 includes arrows that indicate the feeding of steam to inside the bags 1 and the feeding of steam via the channels 19, 20 onto the heat transfer surfaces 18 of the bags.
It is apparent for a man skilled in the art that the various modifications of the invention are not limited to the example described above, but may vary wi~in the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A heat exchanger comprising bags (1) made of film material in order to transfer heat from the steam condensated inside the bags to the liquid evaporated on the outer surfaces (18) of the bags, and feed channel arrays (10, 16, 19, 20) located at the top ends of the bags for distributing the steam and liquid onto the internal and external heat transfer surfaces of the bags, characterized in that at the top end (2) of each bag (1), inside the bag (1), there is fitted an essentially straight strip (11) bordering the steam channels (10), to which the bag is fastened, and that in connection with the fastening, the bag is shaped in order to improve its inflatability by cutting the top edge (2) of the bag to be concave, and by thereafter pulling the top edge to be straight, so that the middle of the bag is raised in relation to the bag sides (12), and by fastening the thus straightened edge to the strip (11) provided inside the bag.
2. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth (h) of the curve formed by the edge (2) is about 1 - 4 %, advantageously about 2 - 3 % of the width (L) of an uninflated bag.
3. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pair of films of each bag (1) is seamed together by means of vertically proceeding seams (5) which divide the space inside the bag into vertical sections (6) respectively.
4. A heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that the seams (5) proceed in a zigzagging fashion and comprise interruptions (7) at which the adjacent sections (6) are connected to each other.
5. A heat exchanger according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom edge (3) of each bag (1) is shaped by cutting the bottom edge to be upwardly concave and by thereafter pulling it straight so that the bag sides ( 12) are raised in relation to the middle of the bag, and by the thus straightened bottom edge of the bag to a strip (15) provided inside thebag, at the bottom end thereof, and comprising condensate removal channels (14).
6. A heat exchanger according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elements (17) forming the liquid channel arrays (16, 19, 20) provided at the top end of the heat exchanger are located in between the bags, so that the liquid channels are partly or wholly located underneath the strips bordering the steam channels.
7. A heat exchanger according to claim 3 and 6, characterized in that the liquid channel arrays (16, 19, 20) are formed of plate-like elements (17) and that the vertical seams (S) inside the bags (1) extend to the height of the bottom edge (23) of the elements or in between the elements.
8. A heat exchanger according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid channel arrays (16, 19, 20) are included in separate plate-like elements (17) closed at the sides, said elements distributing the liquid fed in at the sides of the bags (1) evenly onto the heat transfer surfaces (18) of the bags.
9. A method for constructing a heat exchanger comprising bags (1) made of film material, characterized in that the top edge (2) of each flat, essentially reacting bag (1) is cut to be concave, that inside the edge there is fitted a straight strip (11) comprising steam channels (10) leading to inside the bag;
that the top edge of the bag is pulled straight by bending the bag, so that the middle part of the bag is raised in relation to the sides, and the thus straightened edge is fastened to a strip provided inside the bag, and that the bags are compiled, together with plate-like elements (17) comprising liquid channels (16, 19, 20) and fitted inside the bags, into a package bound together and incorporating the heat exchanger, where the heat is transferred from the steam inside the bags to the liquid flowing on the outer surfaces thereof.
that the top edge of the bag is pulled straight by bending the bag, so that the middle part of the bag is raised in relation to the sides, and the thus straightened edge is fastened to a strip provided inside the bag, and that the bags are compiled, together with plate-like elements (17) comprising liquid channels (16, 19, 20) and fitted inside the bags, into a package bound together and incorporating the heat exchanger, where the heat is transferred from the steam inside the bags to the liquid flowing on the outer surfaces thereof.
10. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the top edge (2) of the bag (1) is cut so that the depth (h) of the created arch is about 1 - 4 %, advantageously about 2 - 3 % of the width (L) of the uninflated bag.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI954701 | 1995-10-03 | ||
| FI954701A FI98859C (en) | 1995-10-03 | 1995-10-03 | Heat exchanger and method of construction thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2230274A1 true CA2230274A1 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
Family
ID=8544128
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002230274A Abandoned CA2230274A1 (en) | 1995-10-03 | 1996-10-02 | Heat exchanger and a method for producing the same |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5927383A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0853749B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3875270B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR19990063804A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE198667T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU700090B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9610746A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2230274A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69611529T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0853749T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2153127T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI98859C (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3035373T3 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO314276B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT853749E (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997013112A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI98496C (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1997-07-10 | Hadwaco Ltd Oy | Liquid distributor in an evaporator |
| FI104518B (en) * | 1997-01-23 | 2000-02-15 | Hadwaco Ltd Oy | Heat transfer elements and of the same heat exchanger |
| FR2783901B1 (en) * | 1998-09-25 | 2000-12-29 | Masa Therm Sa | INDEPENDENT HEAT EXCHANGE UNIT, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE VENTILATION OF A BUILDING |
| US6846387B1 (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2005-01-25 | Ovation Products Corporation | Rotating fluid evaporator and condenser |
| FI111189B (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2003-06-13 | Hadwaco Tech Oy | Heat exchanger for heat transfer between gas streams |
| US6908533B2 (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2005-06-21 | Ovation Products Corporation | Rotating heat exchanger |
| DE10331372A1 (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-01-27 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Plate heat exchanger for cooling transmission oil has at least one endface in form of flat sealing and connecting surface with input and output apertures inside it |
| US6990748B2 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2006-01-31 | Karin M. Bolland | Method and apparatus for evaporating liquid from a product |
| US7427336B2 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2008-09-23 | Zanaqua Technologies, Inc. | Blade heat exchanger |
| US7534349B2 (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2009-05-19 | Nephros, Inc. | Dual stage ultrafilter devices in the form of portable filter devices, shower devices, and hydration packs |
| US7775375B2 (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2010-08-17 | Medica S.R.L. | Redundant ultrafiltration device |
| US8226800B2 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2012-07-24 | Water Desalination International, Inc. | Water desalination system |
| US20100294645A1 (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-11-25 | Zanaqua Technologies | Combined sump and inline heater for distillation system |
| WO2011110726A1 (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2011-09-15 | Chemitec Consulting Oy | Heat exchange element, a heat exchanger comprising the elements, and an equipment for the manufacture of the elements |
| US20140041833A1 (en) * | 2012-08-11 | 2014-02-13 | Architectural Applications P.C. | Flexible heat and moisture transfer system |
| US11945598B2 (en) | 2022-02-11 | 2024-04-02 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Vapor-to-air heat exchanger for aircraft powerplant |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2566929A (en) * | 1947-12-10 | 1951-09-04 | Allied Chem & Dye Corp | Heat exchange apparatus |
| US3371709A (en) * | 1965-06-15 | 1968-03-05 | Rosenblad Corp | Falling film plate heat exchanger |
| SE408637B (en) * | 1977-07-27 | 1979-06-25 | Elmqvist Orvar | HEAT EXCHANGER, SPECIFICALLY INTENDED FOR COOLING THE WATER IN CONNECTION WITH THE EXTRACTION OF SOUTH WATER BY DISTILLATION OF THE SEA WATER |
| US4216820A (en) * | 1978-04-07 | 1980-08-12 | The Boeing Company | Condenser/evaporator heat exchanger and method of using the same |
| US4893669A (en) * | 1987-02-05 | 1990-01-16 | Shinwa Sangyo Co., Ltd. | Synthetic resin heat exchanger unit used for cooling tower and cooling tower utilizing heat exchanger consisting of such heat exchanger unit |
| US5340443A (en) * | 1988-08-26 | 1994-08-23 | Aquamax Oy | Distillation apparatus with paired membrane units |
| FI86961C (en) * | 1990-12-14 | 1994-08-01 | Aquamax Oy | Heat |
| FI93145C (en) * | 1991-11-18 | 1995-02-27 | Ahlstroem Oy | Heat |
-
1995
- 1995-10-03 FI FI954701A patent/FI98859C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-10-02 AT AT96932610T patent/ATE198667T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-02 AU AU71328/96A patent/AU700090B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-10-02 US US09/051,261 patent/US5927383A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-02 PT PT96932610T patent/PT853749E/en unknown
- 1996-10-02 WO PCT/FI1996/000519 patent/WO1997013112A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-10-02 DK DK96932610T patent/DK0853749T3/en active
- 1996-10-02 KR KR1019980702271A patent/KR19990063804A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-10-02 ES ES96932610T patent/ES2153127T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-02 DE DE69611529T patent/DE69611529T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-02 JP JP51399597A patent/JP3875270B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-02 BR BR9610746A patent/BR9610746A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-02 CA CA002230274A patent/CA2230274A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-10-02 EP EP96932610A patent/EP0853749B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-03-31 NO NO19981453A patent/NO314276B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-02-06 GR GR20010400200T patent/GR3035373T3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0853749B1 (en) | 2001-01-10 |
| US5927383A (en) | 1999-07-27 |
| EP0853749A1 (en) | 1998-07-22 |
| ES2153127T3 (en) | 2001-02-16 |
| PT853749E (en) | 2001-04-30 |
| JP3875270B2 (en) | 2007-01-31 |
| WO1997013112A1 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
| NO981453L (en) | 1998-06-02 |
| ATE198667T1 (en) | 2001-01-15 |
| FI98859C (en) | 1997-08-25 |
| JPH11513473A (en) | 1999-11-16 |
| DE69611529T2 (en) | 2001-04-26 |
| FI954701A0 (en) | 1995-10-03 |
| BR9610746A (en) | 1999-07-13 |
| DK0853749T3 (en) | 2001-02-05 |
| KR19990063804A (en) | 1999-07-26 |
| DE69611529D1 (en) | 2001-02-15 |
| NO314276B1 (en) | 2003-02-24 |
| AU700090B2 (en) | 1998-12-24 |
| GR3035373T3 (en) | 2001-05-31 |
| AU7132896A (en) | 1997-04-28 |
| NO981453D0 (en) | 1998-03-31 |
| FI98859B (en) | 1997-05-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |