CA2239482A1 - Polyurethane elastomers - Google Patents
Polyurethane elastomersInfo
- Publication number
- CA2239482A1 CA2239482A1 CA002239482A CA2239482A CA2239482A1 CA 2239482 A1 CA2239482 A1 CA 2239482A1 CA 002239482 A CA002239482 A CA 002239482A CA 2239482 A CA2239482 A CA 2239482A CA 2239482 A1 CA2239482 A1 CA 2239482A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- polyurethane elastomers
- tan
- delta
- storage modulus
- ratio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/302—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
- C08G18/4837—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units and other oxyalkylene units
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/6552—Compounds of group C08G18/63
- C08G18/6558—Compounds of group C08G18/63 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
- C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
- C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6674—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
- C08G18/6677—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203 having at least three hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/77—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
- C08G18/78—Nitrogen
- C08G18/79—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/797—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing carbodiimide and/or uretone-imine groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2410/00—Soles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S521/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S521/914—Polyurethane cellular product formed from a polyol which has been derived from at least two 1,2 epoxides as reactants
Abstract
A polyisocyanate-based elastomer having a ratio of the storage modulus (E') at 20 °C and the storage modulus (E') at 120 °C of between 0.75 and 1.5, a tan .delta. at 100 °C of less than 0.1 and a maximum value of the tan .delta. of more than 0.8, the tan .delta. being the ratio of the loss modulus (E") and the storage modulus (E').
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP95203405 | 1995-12-08 | ||
EP95203405.6 | 1995-12-08 | ||
PCT/EP1996/005035 WO1997021750A1 (en) | 1995-12-08 | 1996-11-14 | Polyurethane elastomers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2239482A1 true CA2239482A1 (en) | 1997-06-19 |
CA2239482C CA2239482C (en) | 2008-03-18 |
Family
ID=8220920
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002239482A Expired - Lifetime CA2239482C (en) | 1995-12-08 | 1996-11-14 | Polyurethane elastomers |
Country Status (20)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7307136B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0865458B2 (en) |
JP (2) | JP3892042B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100441926B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1210324C (en) |
AR (1) | AR005001A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE198756T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU718820B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9611977A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2239482C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69611623T3 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0865458T4 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2153601T5 (en) |
ID (1) | ID19591A (en) |
MY (1) | MY129258A (en) |
PL (1) | PL187124B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT865458E (en) |
TR (1) | TR199801042T2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW419489B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997021750A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CZ298940B6 (en) * | 1999-03-17 | 2008-03-19 | Huntsman International Llc | Process for preparing molded polyurethane materials |
EP1172387A1 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-16 | Huntsman International Llc | Process for preparing an elastomer |
US6734273B2 (en) | 2001-02-12 | 2004-05-11 | Noveon Ip Holdings Corp. | High molecular weight thermoplastic polyurethanes made from polyols having high secondary hydroxyl content |
US7687548B2 (en) | 2002-07-01 | 2010-03-30 | Huntsman International Llc | Process for preparing a moulded polyurethane material |
DE10303172A1 (en) * | 2003-01-27 | 2004-07-29 | Basf Ag | Production of integral polyurethane foam for use in shoe soles and car manufacture involves reacting polyisocyanate with a special mixture of polyether-ol compounds plus chain extenders and other components |
US7168880B2 (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2007-01-30 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Impact attenuator system |
DE102004062539A1 (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-07-20 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Reinforced polyurethane urea elastomers and their use |
US7579068B2 (en) * | 2005-04-05 | 2009-08-25 | Dow Global Technologies, Inc. | Rigid polyurethane-isocyanurate reinforcing foams |
US20060258831A1 (en) * | 2005-05-10 | 2006-11-16 | Nigel Barksby | High molecular weight thermoplastic polyurethanes made from polyols having high secondary hydroxyl content |
US20090035350A1 (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-05 | John Stankus | Polymers for implantable devices exhibiting shape-memory effects |
CN101148494B (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2010-07-21 | 张勇 | Method for producing urethane elastomer and application |
WO2009117348A1 (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-09-24 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Rebound control material |
US9259515B2 (en) | 2008-04-10 | 2016-02-16 | Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. | Implantable medical devices fabricated from polyurethanes with grafted radiopaque groups |
BR112013029349B1 (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2021-08-03 | Ashland Licensing And Intellectual Property Llc | COMPOSITION OF BIPARTITE ADHESIVE OF POLYUREAURETHANE, COMPOSITION OF MATTER AND PROCESS TO JOIN AT LEAST TWO SUBSTRATES |
CN102250313B (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2012-09-26 | 山东东大一诺威聚氨酯有限公司 | Self-skinning microporous elastomer composite for polyurethane foam tire |
WO2014052331A2 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2014-04-03 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Polyurethane bend stiffener |
US8720921B1 (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-13 | SuperSprings International, Inc. | Vehicular suspension enhancement |
MX2014004304A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2015-05-07 | Dow Quimica Mexicana S A De C V | Fast curing adhesive composition. |
JP6253942B2 (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2017-12-27 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Foamed urethane rubber and foamed urethane rubber forming composition |
WO2017094699A1 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-08 | 株式会社 潤工社 | Polyurethane tube |
JP6681212B2 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2020-04-15 | 株式会社潤工社 | Poly-Urethane-Tube |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE31671E (en) * | 1974-09-09 | 1984-09-11 | The Upjohn Company | Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers from polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block copolymers |
US3983094A (en) * | 1975-09-11 | 1976-09-28 | Uniroyal, Inc. | Thermally stable polyurethane elastomers produced from poly(oxypropylene)-poly(oxyethylene)glycols of high oxyethylene group content |
US4010146A (en) * | 1975-09-29 | 1977-03-01 | Samuel Moore And Company | Polyol blends and polyurethane prepared therefrom |
US4124572A (en) * | 1977-07-05 | 1978-11-07 | Uniroyal, Inc. | Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer |
US4312973A (en) * | 1978-08-10 | 1982-01-26 | Union Carbide Corporation | Polyurethane elastomers prepared from polyol or polymer/polyol-chain extender mixtures |
AU532047B2 (en) * | 1978-12-11 | 1983-09-15 | Ici Ltd. | Modified isocyanate |
US4379904A (en) * | 1980-11-24 | 1983-04-12 | The Upjohn Company | Novel polyurethane product |
DE3113690A1 (en) * | 1981-04-04 | 1982-10-28 | Elastogran GmbH, 2844 Lemförde | "METHOD FOR PRODUCING CLOSED-CELL POLYURETHANE MOLDED PARTS WITH A COMPRESSED EDGE ZONE" |
DE3219759A1 (en) * | 1982-05-26 | 1983-12-01 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | SINGLE-PHASE STORAGE POLYOL COMPOSITIONS WITH A HIGH ETHYLENE GLYCOL CONTENT AND THEIR USE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYURETHANES |
US4524102A (en) * | 1984-02-15 | 1985-06-18 | Fritz Hostettler | Microcellular polyurethane foams having integral skin |
JPH0680105B2 (en) * | 1985-04-16 | 1994-10-12 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Method for producing polyurethane elastomer |
US4767825A (en) * | 1986-12-22 | 1988-08-30 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Superabsorbent thermoplastic compositions and nonwoven webs prepared therefrom |
JPH0794523B2 (en) * | 1987-09-02 | 1995-10-11 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Method for producing polyurethane polymer having excellent properties such as high moisture permeability, low swelling property and high modulus |
US5001167A (en) * | 1989-03-21 | 1991-03-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Solvent resistant polyetherpolyurethane products |
JP2566472B2 (en) | 1989-12-04 | 1996-12-25 | 株式会社エポゾール | Heat resistant and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and method for producing the same |
EP0547765B1 (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 1997-06-11 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Polyurethane foams |
US5418261A (en) * | 1993-01-25 | 1995-05-23 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Polyurethane foams |
JP2733180B2 (en) * | 1993-02-09 | 1998-03-30 | 東洋製罐株式会社 | Flexible packaging laminate, method for producing the same, and adhesive used therefor |
US5459170A (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1995-10-17 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Polyurethane foams |
US5591779A (en) * | 1994-11-22 | 1997-01-07 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Process for making flexible foams |
EP1172387A1 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-16 | Huntsman International Llc | Process for preparing an elastomer |
-
1996
- 1996-11-14 JP JP52164897A patent/JP3892042B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-14 CN CNB961998962A patent/CN1210324C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-14 PL PL96327198A patent/PL187124B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-11-14 BR BR9611977A patent/BR9611977A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-11-14 WO PCT/EP1996/005035 patent/WO1997021750A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-11-14 CA CA002239482A patent/CA2239482C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-14 EP EP96939064A patent/EP0865458B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-14 AT AT96939064T patent/ATE198756T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-11-14 TR TR1998/01042T patent/TR199801042T2/en unknown
- 1996-11-14 PT PT96939064T patent/PT865458E/en unknown
- 1996-11-14 ES ES96939064T patent/ES2153601T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-14 AU AU76258/96A patent/AU718820B2/en not_active Expired
- 1996-11-14 KR KR10-1998-0704261A patent/KR100441926B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-11-14 DK DK96939064T patent/DK0865458T4/en active
- 1996-11-14 DE DE69611623T patent/DE69611623T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-19 TW TW085114199A patent/TW419489B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-12-06 MY MYPI96005128A patent/MY129258A/en unknown
- 1996-12-06 AR ARP960105558A patent/AR005001A1/en unknown
- 1996-12-09 ID IDP963663A patent/ID19591A/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-02-04 US US10/061,186 patent/US7307136B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-07-07 JP JP2006188033A patent/JP3889435B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20161114 |