CA2262654A1 - Closed-loop feedback control for oxygen concentrator - Google Patents

Closed-loop feedback control for oxygen concentrator

Info

Publication number
CA2262654A1
CA2262654A1 CA002262654A CA2262654A CA2262654A1 CA 2262654 A1 CA2262654 A1 CA 2262654A1 CA 002262654 A CA002262654 A CA 002262654A CA 2262654 A CA2262654 A CA 2262654A CA 2262654 A1 CA2262654 A1 CA 2262654A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
bed
flow
oxygen
sieve bed
joined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002262654A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2262654C (en
Inventor
Gregory A. Michaels
Homayoun Birangi
David D. Polaseck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Invacare Corp
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2262654A1 publication Critical patent/CA2262654A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2262654C publication Critical patent/CA2262654C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/1005—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours with O2 features or with parameter measurement
    • A61M16/101—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours with O2 features or with parameter measurement using an oxygen concentrator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
    • B01D53/053—Pressure swing adsorption with storage or buffer vessel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/35—Communication
    • A61M2205/3546—Range
    • A61M2205/3561—Range local, e.g. within room or hospital
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
    • B01D2253/108—Zeolites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/25—Coated, impregnated or composite adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
    • B01D2256/12—Oxygen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
    • B01D2257/102—Nitrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40007—Controlling pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40007—Controlling pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40009—Controlling pressure or temperature swing adsorption using sensors or gas analysers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40011—Methods relating to the process cycle in pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40043—Purging
    • B01D2259/4005—Nature of purge gas
    • B01D2259/40052—Recycled product or process gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/402—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using two beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
    • B01D2259/4533—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for medical purposes

Abstract

An oxygen concentrator is provided which has a first molecular sieve bed connected to a four-way valve (i.e., a cross-over valve) which either joins the sieve bed to a pressurized air source (compressed air) or alternatively vents it to atmosphere. A second molecular sieve bed is also joined to the four-way valve in a corresponding manner. One bed is joined to the compressed air to produce oxygen-enriched air while the other is vented to atmosphere to cause evacuation. The sieve beds are joined at the outlet end to a product reservoir. The oxygen-enriched product gas passes from the reservoir to the patient. The sieve beds are also in fluid communication at the outlet end by means of a pressure equalization flow path. A concentration equalization valve regulates the flow in the pressure equalization flow path. In order to purge the nitrogen from a used molecular sieve bed, a quantity of oxygen-enriched air is passed into the bed immediately before it is vented to atmosphere. In accordance with the present invention, the microprocessor uses a closed-loop feedback circuit to evaluate the amount of time that the output product gas is allowed to flow into the used sieve bed. Specifically, an incremental step advance is used assuming a peak value of the time of flow in one direction as compared to the time of flow in the second direction. In a second embodiment, control means is provided based on a variable residence time range and variable pressure set point.
CA002262654A 1997-06-12 1998-06-05 Closed-loop feedback control for oxygen concentrator Expired - Fee Related CA2262654C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/873,391 US5906672A (en) 1996-06-14 1997-06-12 Closed-loop feedback control for oxygen concentrator
US08/873,391 1997-06-12
PCT/US1998/011581 WO1998056488A1 (en) 1997-06-12 1998-06-05 Closed-loop feedback control for oxygen concentrator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2262654A1 true CA2262654A1 (en) 1998-12-17
CA2262654C CA2262654C (en) 2003-10-28

Family

ID=25361554

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002262654A Expired - Fee Related CA2262654C (en) 1997-06-12 1998-06-05 Closed-loop feedback control for oxygen concentrator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5906672A (en)
EP (1) EP0932439B1 (en)
AU (1) AU7818098A (en)
CA (1) CA2262654C (en)
DE (1) DE69832036T2 (en)
WO (1) WO1998056488A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5906672A (en) 1999-05-25
DE69832036D1 (en) 2005-12-01
AU7818098A (en) 1998-12-30
DE69832036T2 (en) 2006-07-13
CA2262654C (en) 2003-10-28
WO1998056488A1 (en) 1998-12-17
EP0932439B1 (en) 2005-10-26
EP0932439A1 (en) 1999-08-04

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