CA2262826A1 - Fossorial rodent control compositions and methods - Google Patents
Fossorial rodent control compositions and methods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2262826A1 CA2262826A1 CA 2262826 CA2262826A CA2262826A1 CA 2262826 A1 CA2262826 A1 CA 2262826A1 CA 2262826 CA2262826 CA 2262826 CA 2262826 A CA2262826 A CA 2262826A CA 2262826 A1 CA2262826 A1 CA 2262826A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- mustard
- composition
- burrow
- water
- foaming agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/16—Foams
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
Abstract
A composition for controlling fossorial rodents, in particular gophers, comprises a mixture of water, a foaming agent and a respiratory irritant. The respiratory irritant is preferably finely ground white mustard seeds. The mixture is aerated through a nozzle and pumped into the rodent burrow to exterminate the resident rodent.
Description
FOSSORIAL RODENT CONTROL COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the control and extermination of fossorial rodents.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Fossorial rodents include Richardson ground squirrels (Spermophilus richardsonii), commonly referred to as gophers, which are a destructive pest species throughout the prairie regions of North America. The burrowing and feeding activities of ground squirrels impact heavily on forage and grain crops. The burrows themselves create a physical hazard to horses, cattle, farm equipment and the unwary pedestrian.
Conventional methods for controlling ground squirrels include the use of poisoned bait, smoke bombs, water-flooding the burrow systems and even the physical removal of ground squirrels from their burrows using large vehicle mounted vacuum systems.
Each of these prior art methods is unsatisfactory or ineffective for various reasons.
The use of strychnine and similar poisons is environmentally disadvantageous because of the danger posed to pets, predators and scavengers which may feed on the dead ground squirrels or the poisoned bait itself. These may include such valued species as hawks, eagles, owls, coyotes, badgers and the like. Because of this danger, there is Canadian legislation which limits the concentration of the poison which may be used, which limits the effectiveness of the poison. In mid-summer when food supplies for rodents are abundant, the effectiveness of baited poisons in dilute concentrations approaches nil.
Flooding burrow systems with water is rarely effective because the water never completely floods out the burrow; there are always anticlinal air pockets in the burrow system which allow the ground squirrels to survive until the water is absorbed into the ground. The vacuum systems are elaborate, labour intensive and expensive to operate.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a control system for ground squirrels and other rodents which is humane, effective, non-toxic to livestock, predators, scavengers and pets and is environmentally friendly.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect of the invention, the invention comprises a method of exterminating burrowing animals, said method comprising the steps of combining water and a foaming agent into a treatment composition and passing the treatment composition through an aerating nozzle down a burrow containing an animal such that the burrow is substantially filled with foam. In the preferred embodiment, the treatment composition used in the method further comprises a respiratory irritant. It has been found that the respiratory irritant is preferably finely ground seeds of plants of the genus Brassica (family Cruciferae), commonly referred to as mustard. In particular, ordinary mustard, also known as white or yellow mustard, is used. These seeds are from Brassica alba (also known as Brassica hirta or Sinapis alba) or white mustard.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention comprises a composition for use in the extermination of a burrowing animal resident in a burrow, said composition comprising water and a foaming agent. In the preferred embodiment, a respiratory irritant is added to the composition which is preferably ground mustard seed.
The concentration of finely ground mustard in the preferred embodiment of either aspect of the invention is at least about 0.37% (w:v) and is preferably about 0.50%
(w:v) when diluted and ready to use. The invention may be supplied in a concentrated form which is diluted with water to use level concentrations.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the control and extermination of fossorial rodents.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Fossorial rodents include Richardson ground squirrels (Spermophilus richardsonii), commonly referred to as gophers, which are a destructive pest species throughout the prairie regions of North America. The burrowing and feeding activities of ground squirrels impact heavily on forage and grain crops. The burrows themselves create a physical hazard to horses, cattle, farm equipment and the unwary pedestrian.
Conventional methods for controlling ground squirrels include the use of poisoned bait, smoke bombs, water-flooding the burrow systems and even the physical removal of ground squirrels from their burrows using large vehicle mounted vacuum systems.
Each of these prior art methods is unsatisfactory or ineffective for various reasons.
The use of strychnine and similar poisons is environmentally disadvantageous because of the danger posed to pets, predators and scavengers which may feed on the dead ground squirrels or the poisoned bait itself. These may include such valued species as hawks, eagles, owls, coyotes, badgers and the like. Because of this danger, there is Canadian legislation which limits the concentration of the poison which may be used, which limits the effectiveness of the poison. In mid-summer when food supplies for rodents are abundant, the effectiveness of baited poisons in dilute concentrations approaches nil.
Flooding burrow systems with water is rarely effective because the water never completely floods out the burrow; there are always anticlinal air pockets in the burrow system which allow the ground squirrels to survive until the water is absorbed into the ground. The vacuum systems are elaborate, labour intensive and expensive to operate.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a control system for ground squirrels and other rodents which is humane, effective, non-toxic to livestock, predators, scavengers and pets and is environmentally friendly.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect of the invention, the invention comprises a method of exterminating burrowing animals, said method comprising the steps of combining water and a foaming agent into a treatment composition and passing the treatment composition through an aerating nozzle down a burrow containing an animal such that the burrow is substantially filled with foam. In the preferred embodiment, the treatment composition used in the method further comprises a respiratory irritant. It has been found that the respiratory irritant is preferably finely ground seeds of plants of the genus Brassica (family Cruciferae), commonly referred to as mustard. In particular, ordinary mustard, also known as white or yellow mustard, is used. These seeds are from Brassica alba (also known as Brassica hirta or Sinapis alba) or white mustard.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention comprises a composition for use in the extermination of a burrowing animal resident in a burrow, said composition comprising water and a foaming agent. In the preferred embodiment, a respiratory irritant is added to the composition which is preferably ground mustard seed.
The concentration of finely ground mustard in the preferred embodiment of either aspect of the invention is at least about 0.37% (w:v) and is preferably about 0.50%
(w:v) when diluted and ready to use. The invention may be supplied in a concentrated form which is diluted with water to use level concentrations.
The foaming agent is a liquid surfactant which forms a relatively stable and dense foam when aerated. In the preferred embodiment, the foaming agent is a commercially available aqueous forest fire suppressant foam which is biodegradable.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has specific application to ground squirrels, pocket gophers, moles, rats and rabbits, which are all burrowing rodents. However, it is not intended to limit the application of this invention to these species. The methods and compositions disclosed herein may be readily adapted to control any unwanted burrowing animal by those skilled in the art and any such adaptations are intended to fall within the scope of the invention claimed herein.
In general terms, the preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a mixture of a liquid concentrate foaming agent and ground mustard seed. This mixture is used by combining it with water and aerating to create a foam which is introduced into the burrow to be treated. In an alternative embodiment, the foaming agent and ground mustard may be dry mixed before the addition of water or in a further alternative embodiment, may be prepared in a ready-to-use concentration.
Suitable foaming agents should create a relatively stable and dense foam upon aeration and are preferably biodegradable so as to minimize any environmental impact. The foam's function is to substantially fill the animal burrow, leaving no air pockets, such that the animal is forced to inhale the foam. The foam should be dense enough to cause asphyxiation of the animal within a reasonable length of time and stable enough to remain in emulsion for that length of time. In the preferred embodiment, well known forest fire suppressant foams are used. Phos-ChekTM WD-881 manufactured and supplied by Monsanto Company, St.
Louis, Missouri is satisfactory as well as Fire-Trol~ FireFoam~ manufactured and supplied by Chemonics Industries (Canada) Ltd. The exact compositions of these foaming agents are trade secrets of their manufacturers; however, they are known to be a mixture of surfactants and other performance components dissolved in a water-miscible system. Generic foaming agents such as ammonium deceth sulfate are also suitable for use with the present invention.
The specific foaming agents disclosed above are water-miscible agents and are therefore used with water as the carrier. It is readily appreciated that alternative foaming agents which are immiscible in water may be used and therefore, different appropriate carriers may be used in the place of water. However, water is the preferred carrier of the foaming agent and the mustard because it is ubiquitous, inexpensive and generally benign.
It is believed that the foam asphyxiates the rodents because it substantially fills the burrow, including all anticlinal pockets which would capture air pockets if the burrow were to be filled with water. In the preferred embodiment, it is believed that the ground mustard seed acts as a respiratory irritant which hastens the asphyxiation caused by the foam.
The foam is likely irritating to the rodent's respiratory system, even in the dilute concentrations used in the preferred embodiment herein. It is known that the proprietary foaming agents disclosed above are irritating to human skin and mucosal membranes. In effect, it is believed that the foam fills the burrow completely and therefore forces the rodent to inhale the foam and the mustard which is colloidally dispersed in the foam.
As a result, the rodent is quickly asphyxiated by the combination of the foam and the mustard. It is believed that the mustard speeds up the asphyxiation by further irritating the mucosal membranes of the respiratory tract and lungs.
It is believed that the effective ingredient in the mustard is the mustard oil which forms when the mustard powder is contacted with water. Mustard oil is responsible for the "hot" taste of mustard. White mustard seeds contain the glucoside sinalbin, which is hydrolysed to produce mustard oil by the enzyme myrosinase, which is present in the mustard powder and which is activated by water. It is assumed that two other varieties of mustard seed, black mustard seeds from the mustard plant Brassica nigra, and brown mustard from the mustard plant Brassica juncea contain similar glucosides and enzymes which also yield a mustard oil. Black mustard and brown mustard are generally more potent than white mustard and it is assumed that they may be used alternatively in the place of white mustard in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Of course, if it is determined that a certain compound contained in ground mustard, other than the mustard oil disclosed above, is the effective agent, that particular compound may be a preferred respiratory irritant for use with the present invention.
Mustard is the preferred respiratory irritant because it is effective in hastening the death of rodents which have inhaled the foam/mustard combination, it is non-toxic to humans and other wildlife species, is biodegradable and is otherwise environmentally innocuous. Furthermore, it is available in commercial quantities in a finely ground form which disperses quickly and evenly into the concentrated foaming agent and remains suspended as the foaming agent is diluted and aerated. Alternative respiratory irritants may share all of or many of these characteristics and include ground horseradish and powdered elemental sulphur. These specific alternatives are effective but less so than the ground mustard.
The respiratory irritant may also be one of various known toxic substances which may be absorbed through the respiratory tract and lungs. These poisons may cause death by avenues other than asphyxiation but are introduced to the rodent because the rodent inhales the foam. However, these toxic substances are not preferred because of the potential damage to other desirable species or environmental damage.
In the preferred embodiment, a concentrated composition is made by mixing the foaming agent in liquid concentrate form with the mustard powder, preferably in a 2:1 ratio by weight, with the goal of achieving a 1% (w:v) foaming agent concentration and a 0.5% (w:v) mustard concentration when the concentrate is diluted to a use level. The proprietary concentrated foaming agents have specific gravities of approximately 1.029 kg per liter and it is generally recommended by the respective manufacturers that it be used in 0.1%
to 1 % concentration. Decreasing the proportion of mustard does decrease the effectiveness of the treatment; however, a ratio of 1.5:1 is still effective. Increasing the proportion of mustard beyond the 2:1 ratio does not significantly increase the effectiveness and is therefore is not preferred.
To facilitate mixing of the mustard powder into the foaming agent, the mustard is screened to a 200 mesh to remove larger particles or clumps of powder. This screening step is not essential but is preferred.
The concentrated aqueous mixture of foaming agent and mustard is then added to sufficient water to dilute the foaming agent to about 1% and the mustard to 0.5%. It is important to add the foaming agent to the water and not the other way around to prevent premature foaming of the composition. The diluted mixture may then be stirred, taking care to prevent aeration which will cause foaming. The mixture is then pumped through an aerating nozzle to create the foam with the mustard powder suspended or slightly dissolved throughout the foam. The foam is directed into the animal burrow until the burrow is filled with the foam.
The following example is demonstrative of the invention but is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the invention.
EXAMPLE
Two litres of Fire-Trol~ FireFoam~ manufactured and supplied by Chemonics Industries (Canada) Ltd. were combined with 1 litre of ordinary white mustard powder obtained from a bulk food supplier. Because the density of the foaming agent and the mustard are very similar, this resulted in a 2:1 ratio by weight. Five litres of water was added to this mixture which was then mixed to a uniform consistency. This concentrate was added to 192 litres of water to make up a full 200 litres or 1 barrel and stirred.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has specific application to ground squirrels, pocket gophers, moles, rats and rabbits, which are all burrowing rodents. However, it is not intended to limit the application of this invention to these species. The methods and compositions disclosed herein may be readily adapted to control any unwanted burrowing animal by those skilled in the art and any such adaptations are intended to fall within the scope of the invention claimed herein.
In general terms, the preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a mixture of a liquid concentrate foaming agent and ground mustard seed. This mixture is used by combining it with water and aerating to create a foam which is introduced into the burrow to be treated. In an alternative embodiment, the foaming agent and ground mustard may be dry mixed before the addition of water or in a further alternative embodiment, may be prepared in a ready-to-use concentration.
Suitable foaming agents should create a relatively stable and dense foam upon aeration and are preferably biodegradable so as to minimize any environmental impact. The foam's function is to substantially fill the animal burrow, leaving no air pockets, such that the animal is forced to inhale the foam. The foam should be dense enough to cause asphyxiation of the animal within a reasonable length of time and stable enough to remain in emulsion for that length of time. In the preferred embodiment, well known forest fire suppressant foams are used. Phos-ChekTM WD-881 manufactured and supplied by Monsanto Company, St.
Louis, Missouri is satisfactory as well as Fire-Trol~ FireFoam~ manufactured and supplied by Chemonics Industries (Canada) Ltd. The exact compositions of these foaming agents are trade secrets of their manufacturers; however, they are known to be a mixture of surfactants and other performance components dissolved in a water-miscible system. Generic foaming agents such as ammonium deceth sulfate are also suitable for use with the present invention.
The specific foaming agents disclosed above are water-miscible agents and are therefore used with water as the carrier. It is readily appreciated that alternative foaming agents which are immiscible in water may be used and therefore, different appropriate carriers may be used in the place of water. However, water is the preferred carrier of the foaming agent and the mustard because it is ubiquitous, inexpensive and generally benign.
It is believed that the foam asphyxiates the rodents because it substantially fills the burrow, including all anticlinal pockets which would capture air pockets if the burrow were to be filled with water. In the preferred embodiment, it is believed that the ground mustard seed acts as a respiratory irritant which hastens the asphyxiation caused by the foam.
The foam is likely irritating to the rodent's respiratory system, even in the dilute concentrations used in the preferred embodiment herein. It is known that the proprietary foaming agents disclosed above are irritating to human skin and mucosal membranes. In effect, it is believed that the foam fills the burrow completely and therefore forces the rodent to inhale the foam and the mustard which is colloidally dispersed in the foam.
As a result, the rodent is quickly asphyxiated by the combination of the foam and the mustard. It is believed that the mustard speeds up the asphyxiation by further irritating the mucosal membranes of the respiratory tract and lungs.
It is believed that the effective ingredient in the mustard is the mustard oil which forms when the mustard powder is contacted with water. Mustard oil is responsible for the "hot" taste of mustard. White mustard seeds contain the glucoside sinalbin, which is hydrolysed to produce mustard oil by the enzyme myrosinase, which is present in the mustard powder and which is activated by water. It is assumed that two other varieties of mustard seed, black mustard seeds from the mustard plant Brassica nigra, and brown mustard from the mustard plant Brassica juncea contain similar glucosides and enzymes which also yield a mustard oil. Black mustard and brown mustard are generally more potent than white mustard and it is assumed that they may be used alternatively in the place of white mustard in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Of course, if it is determined that a certain compound contained in ground mustard, other than the mustard oil disclosed above, is the effective agent, that particular compound may be a preferred respiratory irritant for use with the present invention.
Mustard is the preferred respiratory irritant because it is effective in hastening the death of rodents which have inhaled the foam/mustard combination, it is non-toxic to humans and other wildlife species, is biodegradable and is otherwise environmentally innocuous. Furthermore, it is available in commercial quantities in a finely ground form which disperses quickly and evenly into the concentrated foaming agent and remains suspended as the foaming agent is diluted and aerated. Alternative respiratory irritants may share all of or many of these characteristics and include ground horseradish and powdered elemental sulphur. These specific alternatives are effective but less so than the ground mustard.
The respiratory irritant may also be one of various known toxic substances which may be absorbed through the respiratory tract and lungs. These poisons may cause death by avenues other than asphyxiation but are introduced to the rodent because the rodent inhales the foam. However, these toxic substances are not preferred because of the potential damage to other desirable species or environmental damage.
In the preferred embodiment, a concentrated composition is made by mixing the foaming agent in liquid concentrate form with the mustard powder, preferably in a 2:1 ratio by weight, with the goal of achieving a 1% (w:v) foaming agent concentration and a 0.5% (w:v) mustard concentration when the concentrate is diluted to a use level. The proprietary concentrated foaming agents have specific gravities of approximately 1.029 kg per liter and it is generally recommended by the respective manufacturers that it be used in 0.1%
to 1 % concentration. Decreasing the proportion of mustard does decrease the effectiveness of the treatment; however, a ratio of 1.5:1 is still effective. Increasing the proportion of mustard beyond the 2:1 ratio does not significantly increase the effectiveness and is therefore is not preferred.
To facilitate mixing of the mustard powder into the foaming agent, the mustard is screened to a 200 mesh to remove larger particles or clumps of powder. This screening step is not essential but is preferred.
The concentrated aqueous mixture of foaming agent and mustard is then added to sufficient water to dilute the foaming agent to about 1% and the mustard to 0.5%. It is important to add the foaming agent to the water and not the other way around to prevent premature foaming of the composition. The diluted mixture may then be stirred, taking care to prevent aeration which will cause foaming. The mixture is then pumped through an aerating nozzle to create the foam with the mustard powder suspended or slightly dissolved throughout the foam. The foam is directed into the animal burrow until the burrow is filled with the foam.
The following example is demonstrative of the invention but is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the invention.
EXAMPLE
Two litres of Fire-Trol~ FireFoam~ manufactured and supplied by Chemonics Industries (Canada) Ltd. were combined with 1 litre of ordinary white mustard powder obtained from a bulk food supplier. Because the density of the foaming agent and the mustard are very similar, this resulted in a 2:1 ratio by weight. Five litres of water was added to this mixture which was then mixed to a uniform consistency. This concentrate was added to 192 litres of water to make up a full 200 litres or 1 barrel and stirred.
The resulting solution/suspension was then sprayed through an aerating nozzle under a pressure of 30 p.s.i. into live gopher burrows of two separate plots of land. One plot was a 7500 square meter range pasture area while the other was a 1250 square meter alfalfa field. In all, 303 live burrows were treated and, on average, each burrow took approximately 15 seconds of treatment. After treatment, the entrance to each burrow was filled with dirt and the burrows were monitored over the next 72 hours for evidence of gopher activity. After 24 hours, only three burrows remained active and corresponded to badger (Taxidea taxus) holes as opposed to ground squirrel holes. Burrow activity was monitored, both before and after treatment, by shovelling dirt into the burrow opening and looking for re-excavation, indicating burrowing activity in that hole.
In laboratory testing, it was found that ground squirrels exposed to the foam/mustard combination of the preferred embodiment became inactive after 15 to 60 seconds of exposure and less than 30 seconds in most cases. There were no signs of life within 2 minutes in most cases. Following death, the respiratory tracts of the ground squirrels were examined and the mustard was found to be deposited in the lungs of the ground squirrels. The cause of death was found to be anoxia.
Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications may be made to the arrangement of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention.
_7_
In laboratory testing, it was found that ground squirrels exposed to the foam/mustard combination of the preferred embodiment became inactive after 15 to 60 seconds of exposure and less than 30 seconds in most cases. There were no signs of life within 2 minutes in most cases. Following death, the respiratory tracts of the ground squirrels were examined and the mustard was found to be deposited in the lungs of the ground squirrels. The cause of death was found to be anoxia.
Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications may be made to the arrangement of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention.
_7_
Claims (13)
1. A method of exterminating burrowing animals, said method comprising the steps of:
(a) combining water and a foaming agent into a treatment composition; and (b) passing the treatment composition through an aerating nozzle down a burrow containing an animal such that the burrow is substantially filled with foam.
(a) combining water and a foaming agent into a treatment composition; and (b) passing the treatment composition through an aerating nozzle down a burrow containing an animal such that the burrow is substantially filled with foam.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the treatment composition further comprises a respiratory irritant.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the respiratory irritant is finely ground mustard seed.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the concentration of ground mustard seed in the treatment composition is at least about 0.37% (w:v).
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the concentration of ground mustard seed in the treatment composition is about 0.5% (w:v)
6. A composition for use in the extermination of a burrowing animal resident in a burrow comprising water and a foaming agent.
7. The composition of claim 6 further comprising a respiratory irritant.
8. The composition of claim 7 wherein the respiratory irritant is finely ground mustard seed.
9. The composition of claim 8 wherein the concentration of ground mustard seed is at least about 0.37% (w:v).
10. The composition of claim 9 wherein the concentration of ground mustard seed is about 0.5% (w:v).
11. A concentrated composition which may be diluted with water for use in the extermination of a burrowing animal resident in a burrow, said composition comprising water and a foaming agent.
12. The composition of claim 11 further comprising a respiratory irritant.
13. The composition of claim 12 wherein the respiratory irritant is ground mustard seed.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12044698A | 1998-07-22 | 1998-07-22 | |
| US09/120,446 | 1998-07-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2262826A1 true CA2262826A1 (en) | 2000-01-22 |
Family
ID=22390350
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2262826 Abandoned CA2262826A1 (en) | 1998-07-22 | 1999-02-24 | Fossorial rodent control compositions and methods |
| CA 2299415 Expired - Lifetime CA2299415C (en) | 1998-07-22 | 1999-07-22 | Fossorial rodent control compositions and methods |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2299415 Expired - Lifetime CA2299415C (en) | 1998-07-22 | 1999-07-22 | Fossorial rodent control compositions and methods |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6558684B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1098565B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1198501C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE226392T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU751635B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9912678A (en) |
| CA (2) | CA2262826A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69903637T2 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL141001A0 (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA01000782A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000004773A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200100760B (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10123415A1 (en) * | 2001-05-14 | 2002-11-21 | Bayer Ag | Method for eradicating rats in agricultural sites involves establishing areas of buildings, cowsheds, compost and hay etc and applying and monitoring rat bait and increasing dose where necessary |
| US20050102887A1 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-05-19 | Lang Jason G. | Rodent trap |
| AU2006280551A1 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-02-22 | Harm Kiezebrink | Method for the sanitary slaughter of an animal, and a bag for use with the said method. |
| BRPI0716964B1 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2020-11-10 | Ecolab Inc | versatile pest station |
| US7765883B1 (en) * | 2007-05-08 | 2010-08-03 | Catalyst Partners, Inc. | Dry blending aid |
| MX2011002959A (en) | 2008-09-22 | 2011-04-26 | Basf Corp | Rodent management system. |
| USD617864S1 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2010-06-15 | Basf Corporation | Live trap for trapping rodents |
| USD621900S1 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2010-08-17 | Basf Corporation | Rodent management system |
| USD619673S1 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2010-07-13 | Basf Corporation | Rodent management system |
| USD620068S1 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2010-07-20 | Basf Corporation | Live trap for trapping rodents |
| US8800199B1 (en) | 2010-03-23 | 2014-08-12 | Heather Vallier | Fossorial animal control product |
| US8413369B1 (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2013-04-09 | Calvin E. Neymeyer | Method and device for halting mole tunneling activity |
| US8567112B2 (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2013-10-29 | Amerigreen Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling burrowing animals |
| NL2017948B1 (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-19 | Avt Innovation & Services Gmbh | A method of performing a procedure on an animal involving stunning and/or killing said animal |
| US10653904B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2020-05-19 | M-Fire Holdings, Llc | Methods of suppressing wild fires raging across regions of land in the direction of prevailing winds by forming anti-fire (AF) chemical fire-breaking systems using environmentally clean anti-fire (AF) liquid spray applied using GPS-tracking techniques |
| US11865390B2 (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2024-01-09 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Environmentally-clean water-based fire inhibiting biochemical compositions, and methods of and apparatus for applying the same to protect property against wildfire |
| US11865394B2 (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2024-01-09 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Environmentally-clean biodegradable water-based concentrates for producing fire inhibiting and fire extinguishing liquids for fighting class A and class B fires |
| US11826592B2 (en) | 2018-01-09 | 2023-11-28 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Process of forming strategic chemical-type wildfire breaks on ground surfaces to proactively prevent fire ignition and flame spread, and reduce the production of smoke in the presence of a wild fire |
| US11911643B2 (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2024-02-27 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Environmentally-clean fire inhibiting and extinguishing compositions and products for sorbing flammable liquids while inhibiting ignition and extinguishing fire |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2413143A (en) | 1942-08-11 | 1946-12-24 | Wheeler Reynolds And Stauffer | Rodent gun |
| US2390686A (en) | 1943-05-06 | 1945-12-11 | George W Lisenbee | Rodent exterminator |
| US2780025A (en) | 1953-08-20 | 1957-02-05 | Finnigan Frank | Method and composition of matter for destroying rodents |
| US2916855A (en) | 1958-10-10 | 1959-12-15 | Dow Chemical Co | Treatment of soil by fumigant and foam |
| US3473252A (en) * | 1967-09-11 | 1969-10-21 | Fritz Kramer | Method of destroying rodents |
| US3816610A (en) * | 1969-04-25 | 1974-06-11 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Palatable foamed rodent control material |
| US4318241A (en) * | 1979-08-28 | 1982-03-09 | Fassauer Arthur L | Animal extermination trap |
| US4330086A (en) * | 1980-04-30 | 1982-05-18 | Duraclean International | Nozzle and method for generating foam |
| US4889710A (en) | 1985-04-26 | 1989-12-26 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Aerosol foam bait insecticide |
| US5116618A (en) | 1985-04-26 | 1992-05-26 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Water-soluble arthropodicidally-active foam matrix and method of manufacture |
| US4822613A (en) | 1986-12-15 | 1989-04-18 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Water-soluble foamable insecticidally-active compositions |
| US4833818A (en) | 1988-01-11 | 1989-05-30 | Berta Victor T | Method for exterminating subterranean animals |
| US4841668A (en) | 1988-03-30 | 1989-06-27 | Mckenzie Carl O | Gopher killer |
| US5104658A (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1992-04-14 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Collapsible arthropodicidally-active foam matrix and method of manufacture |
| US5109628A (en) | 1990-05-29 | 1992-05-05 | Ellefson Lee J | Mole and gopher control apparatus |
| US5215786A (en) | 1991-08-20 | 1993-06-01 | Rusmar Incorporated | Composition for providing a foam barrier between a substrate and the atmosphere and the method of use |
| US5881493A (en) | 1995-09-14 | 1999-03-16 | D. B. Smith & Co. Inc. | Methods for applying foam |
| US5575111A (en) | 1995-09-28 | 1996-11-19 | Rajamannan; A. H. J. | Method of using hot air foam to kill vegetation and pests |
| US5747056A (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 1998-05-05 | Her Majesty In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Agriculture And Agri-Food | Pesticide compositions containing mustard bran |
| EP0789998B1 (en) * | 1996-02-05 | 1998-05-06 | Bayer Ag | Rodenticidal foams |
-
1999
- 1999-02-24 CA CA 2262826 patent/CA2262826A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-07-22 EP EP99932580A patent/EP1098565B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-22 IL IL14100199A patent/IL141001A0/en unknown
- 1999-07-22 CA CA 2299415 patent/CA2299415C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-22 BR BR9912678A patent/BR9912678A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-22 MX MXPA01000782A patent/MXPA01000782A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-07-22 CN CNB99807957XA patent/CN1198501C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-22 DE DE1999603637 patent/DE69903637T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-07-22 WO PCT/CA1999/000667 patent/WO2000004773A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-07-22 AU AU48925/99A patent/AU751635B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-07-22 AT AT99932580T patent/ATE226392T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-02-02 US US09/496,580 patent/US6558684B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-01-26 ZA ZA200100760A patent/ZA200100760B/en unknown
-
2003
- 2003-02-25 US US10/248,855 patent/US7070767B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20030152604A1 (en) | 2003-08-14 |
| WO2000004773A1 (en) | 2000-02-03 |
| BR9912678A (en) | 2001-11-27 |
| MXPA01000782A (en) | 2002-04-08 |
| ATE226392T1 (en) | 2002-11-15 |
| DE69903637D1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
| US6558684B1 (en) | 2003-05-06 |
| CN1307446A (en) | 2001-08-08 |
| EP1098565A1 (en) | 2001-05-16 |
| IL141001A0 (en) | 2002-02-10 |
| CA2299415C (en) | 2007-06-12 |
| EP1098565B1 (en) | 2002-10-23 |
| CN1198501C (en) | 2005-04-27 |
| ZA200100760B (en) | 2001-07-11 |
| AU751635B2 (en) | 2002-08-22 |
| US7070767B2 (en) | 2006-07-04 |
| DE69903637T2 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
| CA2299415A1 (en) | 2000-02-03 |
| AU4892599A (en) | 2000-02-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6558684B1 (en) | Fossorial rodent control compositions and methods | |
| US20190023398A1 (en) | Devices and Methods for Pest Control | |
| McLEOD et al. | Pesticides used in the management of vertebrate pests in Australia: a review | |
| WO2020170186A1 (en) | A method and composition for insect repellency using aversive agent | |
| Mason et al. | Predation Management | |
| Banaszkiewicz | Evolution of pesticide use | |
| Bishopp | Present position of DDT in the control of insects of medical importance | |
| US8084052B1 (en) | Chemical composition for controlling insects | |
| KR20190019296A (en) | The natural acaricide(miticide) | |
| JP3459402B2 (en) | Animal repellent | |
| AU2002222496B2 (en) | Insecticidal composition | |
| Witmer et al. | The use of toxicants in black-tailed prairie dog management: an overview | |
| RU2058742C1 (en) | Insecticide pyrotechnical composition | |
| Spurr | Birds: Chemical Control | |
| US20220202008A1 (en) | Bait for a pest | |
| RU2175838C1 (en) | Insecticidal pyrotechnic composition | |
| JP2863221B2 (en) | Shellfish pesticide based on tea tannin | |
| Twinn | DDT and its application in veterinary medicine | |
| Wada | Culex tritaeniorhynchus | |
| CN114631530A (en) | Surfactant compositions for controlling or preventing insects and methods of use thereof | |
| Merrill | Control of opossums, bats, raccoons, and skunks | |
| PL119073B2 (en) | Rodenticide against exoanthropic and synanthropic rodentsicheskikh gryzunov | |
| SK8951Y1 (en) | Wildlife repellent | |
| Spurr | Birds: Chemical Control | |
| JPH04368311A (en) | Expellent of shellfishes |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |