CA2271630A1 - Pile and method for installing same - Google Patents
Pile and method for installing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2271630A1 CA2271630A1 CA002271630A CA2271630A CA2271630A1 CA 2271630 A1 CA2271630 A1 CA 2271630A1 CA 002271630 A CA002271630 A CA 002271630A CA 2271630 A CA2271630 A CA 2271630A CA 2271630 A1 CA2271630 A1 CA 2271630A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pile
- drill bit
- bit
- elongate member
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/28—Placing of hollow pipes or mould pipes by means arranged inside the piles or pipes
Abstract
A method of drilling and installing a pile in ground comprising the steps of:
i, providing a pile;
ii. providing a drill bit at an end of the pile rotatable relative to the pile;
iii. engaging the ground with the drill bit; and iv rotating the drill bit relative to the ground and the pile generating a hole into which the pile is received.
i, providing a pile;
ii. providing a drill bit at an end of the pile rotatable relative to the pile;
iii. engaging the ground with the drill bit; and iv rotating the drill bit relative to the ground and the pile generating a hole into which the pile is received.
Description
' 1 PILE AND METHOD FOR INSTALLrNG SANt~
This invention relates to a pile and a method of installing a pile. More especially, but not exclusively the invention relates to piles for xnoorin,gs for floating structures such as oi~shdre oil installations and vessels.
Known anchoring systems include driven piles, saction anchors, drgg embedment anchors and vertically loaded anchors and conventional drilled piles_ All have disadvantages:
to Driven piles must be of heavy construction since they acre hammered into the ground or seabed. They are additionally not suitable for all kinds of ground.
Suction anchors are of limited use in hard soils such as coral or coxfapacted clay. Thoy arc expensive. After use because they are above the mud-line they must, generally, be recovered which adds to the cost.
Drag embedmart a~nehors require high pre-tensioning to ensure correct embedment. In deep water this is hard to achieve without a tensioning dewice_ Tensioning devices add to the complexity end cost of the operation.
Additionally drag embedment anchors accept only small vertical forces.
Vertically loaded anchors are difficult to embed and require a drag force of about 50% of the ultir~uate load capacity. This can be hard to achieve in deep water.
Conventional drilled piles are expensive since they are time consuming to install.
This invention relates to a pile and a method of installing a pile. More especially, but not exclusively the invention relates to piles for xnoorin,gs for floating structures such as oi~shdre oil installations and vessels.
Known anchoring systems include driven piles, saction anchors, drgg embedment anchors and vertically loaded anchors and conventional drilled piles_ All have disadvantages:
to Driven piles must be of heavy construction since they acre hammered into the ground or seabed. They are additionally not suitable for all kinds of ground.
Suction anchors are of limited use in hard soils such as coral or coxfapacted clay. Thoy arc expensive. After use because they are above the mud-line they must, generally, be recovered which adds to the cost.
Drag embedmart a~nehors require high pre-tensioning to ensure correct embedment. In deep water this is hard to achieve without a tensioning dewice_ Tensioning devices add to the complexity end cost of the operation.
Additionally drag embedment anchors accept only small vertical forces.
Vertically loaded anchors are difficult to embed and require a drag force of about 50% of the ultir~uate load capacity. This can be hard to achieve in deep water.
Conventional drilled piles are expensive since they are time consuming to install.
US 3 934 528 (Deep Oil Technology Inc.) describes an offshore tcpsion leg platform. L,~hs of drill pipo may be connected together and extend through an annular casing received in a buoyant support member. The lengths of drill pipe can be manipulated by a power swivel and winch. The string of drill pipe can be used to introduce ballast to or remove it from an anchor member on the seabed. Once the anchor is ballasted in position. a pile may be installed by conventional drilling and cementing. 'The drill pipe) swivel and winch can be used fox this.
The invention seeks to overcome or reduce the problems associated with the prior art.
According to the invention there is provided a method of drilling a pile in ground comprising the steps of ' i. providing a pile;
ii. providing a drill bit at an end of the pile rotatable relative to the pile;
iii_ engaging the ground with the drill bit; and iv rotating the drill bit relative to the ground. and the pile generating 2o a hole into which the pile is received.
According to the invention there is further pro~ded a pile having provided one end thereof with a drill bit rotatable relative to the pile.
'The invention can be relatively quick end inexpensive to install since it can be a one trip process: drilling and insertion occur in the same process. At least some embodiments of the invention provide a pile system for eacample for moorings which may be drilled to its design depth without the need for pre-dzi~llcd hole yr for retraction and re.~insertion of the pile during installation. The pile is drilled 3o by rotating a drilling bit relative to the ground while restraining, generally dlc pile as a whole from rotarion. Rotary motion may be transmitted to the drill bit by rotating an elongate member received in the pile. Bearings may be provided to aid this. The elongate member may be connected to a non recoverable drilling bit of a diamoter greater than the pile for example by a driv~c spline.
The elongate member may be conduit supplying fluid tv a downhole motor.
Some of the components such as the elongate member and motor or turbine may be recovered following deployment. Instead of using a downhole motor the elongate member may be driven from an installation vessel for example by a rotary motor. In some embodiments of the invention the drill bit may drill a to hole of greater diameter than the pile. This can be achieved using, bi-ccnirec~
jetting bits or undo--reamers (or other cohapsiblc bits) which can bo retrieved.
Alternatively a hole of a diameter less that the pile could be drilled, allowing recovery of the bit; embedment being achieved either by relying on fluid erosion to create a diamietcr large enough to allow the pile to advance or by relying on applied weight to displace soft sediments. This is of particular application where it is desired to grout the pile into the hole. Grouting may be undertaken coca if oversize bits are riot employed. Grouting can be achieved in.
conventional way or by using a cement fill~up device to divest slurry into cement hosts which are directed to an annular gap. The mooring line, parts or terminaxions thereof can be pre-i~o~stalled prior to deployment of the pile.
If desired a linkage point such as a mooring line termination can be mounted on a bearing assembly allowing the li~age to swivel to align itself to applied tension thereby avoiding the need to orient the pile wig respect to the anticipated load to maintain its eff cicncy. If desired the pile can be oriented with respect to the anticipated load. If desired the pile may comprise a nest of concentric members coupled together for example with cement. This ten provide a cheap high strength pile especially where the wncentric members are made from standard oil field casing. The invcntlon may be installed in the seabed utilising a vessel without using a rigid, tubular conduit. This allows the 3 o use of a (low cost) barge rather than an (expensive) floating driving unit. This may be achieved by suspending the pile from a flexible member such as a crane line and driving the bit by a dvwnhole motor connected by a hose to a fluid supply on the barge. In some embodiments of the invention fns which may be f xed or movable axially are provided on the pilo. They resist reaction forces attempting ~ rotate the pile generated by 'the motor and allow the pile to be dn'lled when suspended from a member which is not torsionally rigid such as a crane wire.
Rotation of the bit may be achieved by rotation of the elongate member using rotary transmission means of as installation vessel.
Where a dowahole motor is provided means for decoupling and recoupling it in situ may be provided.
Fanbodiments of the invention will be described by way of non-limitnag example by reference to the accompanying figures of which:
Fig. 1 is a side elevation;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sCction of the exnbodimeat of Fil;_ 1;
2o Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a fluid path dnriag drilling;
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a fiuther embodiment;
Fig. 5 is a cross section of the embodiment of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of the embodiment of Fig. 1 being deployed;
z5 Fig_ 7 is a side elevation of a still fiuthcr embodiment;
Fig, 8 is a schematic representation of the embodiment of Figs. 4, 5 and 7 being deployed fiom a barge;
Fig. 9 is a paztially cutaway plan view of a member for use in some embodiia~cats of the invention;
3o Fig. 10 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the member of Fig. 9;
Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the member of Fig. 9;
Fig. 12 is a cross section of the member of Fig. 9;
Fig. 13 is a side elevation of a yet furtbcr embodiment in a first configuration; and 5 Fig. I4 is a side elevation of the embodiment of Fig. 13 in a second co~afigaratyon.
Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, pile 1 comprises pipe 2. Received in pipe 2 is elongate member 3. Elongate member 3 is supported in the illustrated 1 o embodiment by bearing 4. Further bearings could be provided if necessary ar desired. Elongate member 3 is provided with a ~urst drive spline 5. D~riye spline 5 is coupled to a second drive spline G to which is connected drill bit 7.
Other means of coupling could be used. Drill bit 7 may be a conventional roller bit used in drill holes. This is in fact preferred since many of the c~ineering Problems associated with developing the bits have been solved.
Furthermore suitable used bits may be available cheaply as suplus.
Drill bit 7 should be capable of drilling a hole which receives the pipe 1 _ The hole m.ay be the saint size or larger than the pile. It may also be smaller with ZO the combination of the weight of the pile and the fluid flow to be described herei~o~cr allowing the pile to penetrate soft ground.
Where the drill bit is larger than the outside diameter of the pipe 2 it will aot, generally, be possible to recover the drill bit. Where relatively cheap bits arc used this is not a serious problem. In any event the cost of the bit is small relative to the cost savings resulting from not needing to drill a hole recover the bit and drilling asscimbly and naming the pile as separate sequential operations.
The savings would generally become much more significant with increases in water depth.
The invention seeks to overcome or reduce the problems associated with the prior art.
According to the invention there is provided a method of drilling a pile in ground comprising the steps of ' i. providing a pile;
ii. providing a drill bit at an end of the pile rotatable relative to the pile;
iii_ engaging the ground with the drill bit; and iv rotating the drill bit relative to the ground. and the pile generating 2o a hole into which the pile is received.
According to the invention there is further pro~ded a pile having provided one end thereof with a drill bit rotatable relative to the pile.
'The invention can be relatively quick end inexpensive to install since it can be a one trip process: drilling and insertion occur in the same process. At least some embodiments of the invention provide a pile system for eacample for moorings which may be drilled to its design depth without the need for pre-dzi~llcd hole yr for retraction and re.~insertion of the pile during installation. The pile is drilled 3o by rotating a drilling bit relative to the ground while restraining, generally dlc pile as a whole from rotarion. Rotary motion may be transmitted to the drill bit by rotating an elongate member received in the pile. Bearings may be provided to aid this. The elongate member may be connected to a non recoverable drilling bit of a diamoter greater than the pile for example by a driv~c spline.
The elongate member may be conduit supplying fluid tv a downhole motor.
Some of the components such as the elongate member and motor or turbine may be recovered following deployment. Instead of using a downhole motor the elongate member may be driven from an installation vessel for example by a rotary motor. In some embodiments of the invention the drill bit may drill a to hole of greater diameter than the pile. This can be achieved using, bi-ccnirec~
jetting bits or undo--reamers (or other cohapsiblc bits) which can bo retrieved.
Alternatively a hole of a diameter less that the pile could be drilled, allowing recovery of the bit; embedment being achieved either by relying on fluid erosion to create a diamietcr large enough to allow the pile to advance or by relying on applied weight to displace soft sediments. This is of particular application where it is desired to grout the pile into the hole. Grouting may be undertaken coca if oversize bits are riot employed. Grouting can be achieved in.
conventional way or by using a cement fill~up device to divest slurry into cement hosts which are directed to an annular gap. The mooring line, parts or terminaxions thereof can be pre-i~o~stalled prior to deployment of the pile.
If desired a linkage point such as a mooring line termination can be mounted on a bearing assembly allowing the li~age to swivel to align itself to applied tension thereby avoiding the need to orient the pile wig respect to the anticipated load to maintain its eff cicncy. If desired the pile can be oriented with respect to the anticipated load. If desired the pile may comprise a nest of concentric members coupled together for example with cement. This ten provide a cheap high strength pile especially where the wncentric members are made from standard oil field casing. The invcntlon may be installed in the seabed utilising a vessel without using a rigid, tubular conduit. This allows the 3 o use of a (low cost) barge rather than an (expensive) floating driving unit. This may be achieved by suspending the pile from a flexible member such as a crane line and driving the bit by a dvwnhole motor connected by a hose to a fluid supply on the barge. In some embodiments of the invention fns which may be f xed or movable axially are provided on the pilo. They resist reaction forces attempting ~ rotate the pile generated by 'the motor and allow the pile to be dn'lled when suspended from a member which is not torsionally rigid such as a crane wire.
Rotation of the bit may be achieved by rotation of the elongate member using rotary transmission means of as installation vessel.
Where a dowahole motor is provided means for decoupling and recoupling it in situ may be provided.
Fanbodiments of the invention will be described by way of non-limitnag example by reference to the accompanying figures of which:
Fig. 1 is a side elevation;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sCction of the exnbodimeat of Fil;_ 1;
2o Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a fluid path dnriag drilling;
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a fiuther embodiment;
Fig. 5 is a cross section of the embodiment of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of the embodiment of Fig. 1 being deployed;
z5 Fig_ 7 is a side elevation of a still fiuthcr embodiment;
Fig, 8 is a schematic representation of the embodiment of Figs. 4, 5 and 7 being deployed fiom a barge;
Fig. 9 is a paztially cutaway plan view of a member for use in some embodiia~cats of the invention;
3o Fig. 10 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the member of Fig. 9;
Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the member of Fig. 9;
Fig. 12 is a cross section of the member of Fig. 9;
Fig. 13 is a side elevation of a yet furtbcr embodiment in a first configuration; and 5 Fig. I4 is a side elevation of the embodiment of Fig. 13 in a second co~afigaratyon.
Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, pile 1 comprises pipe 2. Received in pipe 2 is elongate member 3. Elongate member 3 is supported in the illustrated 1 o embodiment by bearing 4. Further bearings could be provided if necessary ar desired. Elongate member 3 is provided with a ~urst drive spline 5. D~riye spline 5 is coupled to a second drive spline G to which is connected drill bit 7.
Other means of coupling could be used. Drill bit 7 may be a conventional roller bit used in drill holes. This is in fact preferred since many of the c~ineering Problems associated with developing the bits have been solved.
Furthermore suitable used bits may be available cheaply as suplus.
Drill bit 7 should be capable of drilling a hole which receives the pipe 1 _ The hole m.ay be the saint size or larger than the pile. It may also be smaller with ZO the combination of the weight of the pile and the fluid flow to be described herei~o~cr allowing the pile to penetrate soft ground.
Where the drill bit is larger than the outside diameter of the pipe 2 it will aot, generally, be possible to recover the drill bit. Where relatively cheap bits arc used this is not a serious problem. In any event the cost of the bit is small relative to the cost savings resulting from not needing to drill a hole recover the bit and drilling asscimbly and naming the pile as separate sequential operations.
The savings would generally become much more significant with increases in water depth.
Means for attaching an object to the pile may be provided. Figs. I and 2 show a convenient swivel assembly. Ring 8 is retained for rotetyonal movement about the pipe by collars 9, 10. Pad eye 11 is provided for mooring chain 12.
Other mooring tcrminations could be provi,dcd.
Means 13 for engaging Iatch tool 14 may be provided.
Desirably means for resisting forces tending to extract the pile from the hole are provided, while preferably providing minimal resistance whilst installing the pile. In the illustrated embodiment a plurality of barbs are provided.
The barbs as illu~rated arc broadly rectangular. The edge nearer to the drill bit is joined far example by welding to the pipe. The edge further from the drill bit is spaced away from the pipe. Each barb eompriscs two generally planar portions 16, 17 joined together at fold line 18.
Desirably a sealing ring 19 for example of resilient material is provided toward the end of the pipe nearer the drill bit. As can be seen from Fig. 3 the sealing ring can be used to help divert fluid inside the pile. In Fig. 3) cutting fluid, for eXBIl~ple "~ 'llin mud", passes downwardlY through elongate manber 3. Zt escapes through one or more holes for example in the drill bit into bore cavity 20. The cutting fluid cools the drill bit, and washes debris away. Cutting fluid with entrained debris is restrained from escaping out of the bore cavity by the scaring ring. Much cutting fluid therefore caters the annular space dc~ned by the pipe and elongate member via a hole or holes (not shown). It ascends the hole and may be discharged to the sea or carried via a conduit to a vessel for ~neconditioning for re-use for example by filtering o$' debris to the stuface for reconditioning for example by filtering the debris ~ o$ and re-use. This arrangement prevents excessive washing of the bare hole which could 3o undermine the ultimate strength of the pile end could creatx problems in grouted embodiments in e~ectiv~ely grouting the pile to the ground formations.
Figs. 4 and 5 show a pile broadly similar to that of Figs. 2 and 3. At least some of the common. parts are shown with the same reference numbers. There are two principle differences which may be used independently of each other) First to provide even greater reaction to rotational forces exerted on the pile a plurality of reaction splines 21 arc provided towards the cud of the pipe carrying the drill bit. The splines comprise radial plates. Where the pile is installed suspended from a member which is not torsionally rigid, desirably 1 o means for rts~trict~g or preventing rotation of the pile in reaction to the forces generated by the drill bit are prowided_ Preferably the means for preventing rotation provi,dc little resistance to downward moveno~ent of the pile. This may comprise a plurality of reaction splints. The splines may be provided toward the bit end of the pile. The splines may comprise radial platcs_ In the illustrated embodiment a plurality of fins are provided. Fins present a large area restraining rotational movement but a snuall area resisting axial movement.
Secondly a downhole ~onotor 22 is provided. Means for actuating the downhale motor ate provided. Those skilled will have little di~tcully in dcvisi~g suitable means. Examples include fluid such as liquid or gas under p~rcssure or electricity. The down hale motor 22 is provided with a drive shaft 23. Drive shaft 23 engages a drive box 24 connected to the drill bit. This arrangement is advantageous because downhvle motors are reliable, and readily available and relatively cheap to hire but expensive to buy. The arrangeoacat allows the downhole motor to be retrieved following deployment by disez~aging the drive shaft from the drive box.
Fig. 6 illustrates the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3 being deployed by a drilling tig 25. Elongaxe member 2G extends upwardly from the pile via bumper sub 27, which is used to help provide a steady weight feed to the bit doting the installation prvccss. In use the drill bit is rotated as hcreinbefore dasaribed.
As the bore cavity is generated the pile sinks into the ground until it is at the required depth. Elongate member 26 is removed and the pile is ready for use.
In some casts it may be desirable to grout the pile to the ground. Those skihcd irr the art will have no di~cwlty in devising suitable methods fox exannple using fluid divertor subs.
Fig. 7 illustrates an additional, deflection res,ction, member for use with any of the piles described herein. It is illustrated in mare detail in Figs. 9 to 12.
The 1 o additional mctabtt is intended to inareasc the forces which the pile can withstand. It may be fitted followitag deployment of the pile or rosy be fitted to the pile before deployment. Deflection assembly 28 cvm~prises a plurality o~
nested zings 29, 30, 31. Inner ring 29 engages the pile while intermediate soil reaction ring 30 and outer soil reaction ring 31 arc spaced apart from it. rn a typical SOcm (20in) diameter pile the outer soil reaction ring 31 may have a diameter of about 3m. The depth of the inner ring 29 is greater than that of the intermediate soil rang which is deeper than the outer soil ring. The rings arc joined by axial ribs 32, 33, 34. A grating 35 providing extra streng~ extends over the top surface of the deflection assembly leaving a central hole. The 2o deflection reaction member may be fitted after dolling of the pile.
Figs. 13 and 14 illustrate a yGt fuithcr embodiment. Once again similar numbered parts have similar functions. As illustrated there are two di$ercat features ~ which can be used separately or together. Means for resisting rotational forces are provided axially movable relative to the pile. In the illustzaxed embodiment this comprises both a deflection assembly 28 and ~ms to be described in greater detail hereinafter. It will be apparent that the dcilectioa assembly or the fins could be omitted or fixed relative to the pile.
Sleeve 36 carries a plurality of quadrilateral fins 39 and a mooring termination.
Other mooring tcrminations could be provi,dcd.
Means 13 for engaging Iatch tool 14 may be provided.
Desirably means for resisting forces tending to extract the pile from the hole are provided, while preferably providing minimal resistance whilst installing the pile. In the illustrated embodiment a plurality of barbs are provided.
The barbs as illu~rated arc broadly rectangular. The edge nearer to the drill bit is joined far example by welding to the pipe. The edge further from the drill bit is spaced away from the pipe. Each barb eompriscs two generally planar portions 16, 17 joined together at fold line 18.
Desirably a sealing ring 19 for example of resilient material is provided toward the end of the pipe nearer the drill bit. As can be seen from Fig. 3 the sealing ring can be used to help divert fluid inside the pile. In Fig. 3) cutting fluid, for eXBIl~ple "~ 'llin mud", passes downwardlY through elongate manber 3. Zt escapes through one or more holes for example in the drill bit into bore cavity 20. The cutting fluid cools the drill bit, and washes debris away. Cutting fluid with entrained debris is restrained from escaping out of the bore cavity by the scaring ring. Much cutting fluid therefore caters the annular space dc~ned by the pipe and elongate member via a hole or holes (not shown). It ascends the hole and may be discharged to the sea or carried via a conduit to a vessel for ~neconditioning for re-use for example by filtering o$' debris to the stuface for reconditioning for example by filtering the debris ~ o$ and re-use. This arrangement prevents excessive washing of the bare hole which could 3o undermine the ultimate strength of the pile end could creatx problems in grouted embodiments in e~ectiv~ely grouting the pile to the ground formations.
Figs. 4 and 5 show a pile broadly similar to that of Figs. 2 and 3. At least some of the common. parts are shown with the same reference numbers. There are two principle differences which may be used independently of each other) First to provide even greater reaction to rotational forces exerted on the pile a plurality of reaction splines 21 arc provided towards the cud of the pipe carrying the drill bit. The splines comprise radial plates. Where the pile is installed suspended from a member which is not torsionally rigid, desirably 1 o means for rts~trict~g or preventing rotation of the pile in reaction to the forces generated by the drill bit are prowided_ Preferably the means for preventing rotation provi,dc little resistance to downward moveno~ent of the pile. This may comprise a plurality of reaction splints. The splines may be provided toward the bit end of the pile. The splines may comprise radial platcs_ In the illustrated embodiment a plurality of fins are provided. Fins present a large area restraining rotational movement but a snuall area resisting axial movement.
Secondly a downhole ~onotor 22 is provided. Means for actuating the downhale motor ate provided. Those skilled will have little di~tcully in dcvisi~g suitable means. Examples include fluid such as liquid or gas under p~rcssure or electricity. The down hale motor 22 is provided with a drive shaft 23. Drive shaft 23 engages a drive box 24 connected to the drill bit. This arrangement is advantageous because downhvle motors are reliable, and readily available and relatively cheap to hire but expensive to buy. The arrangeoacat allows the downhole motor to be retrieved following deployment by disez~aging the drive shaft from the drive box.
Fig. 6 illustrates the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3 being deployed by a drilling tig 25. Elongaxe member 2G extends upwardly from the pile via bumper sub 27, which is used to help provide a steady weight feed to the bit doting the installation prvccss. In use the drill bit is rotated as hcreinbefore dasaribed.
As the bore cavity is generated the pile sinks into the ground until it is at the required depth. Elongate member 26 is removed and the pile is ready for use.
In some casts it may be desirable to grout the pile to the ground. Those skihcd irr the art will have no di~cwlty in devising suitable methods fox exannple using fluid divertor subs.
Fig. 7 illustrates an additional, deflection res,ction, member for use with any of the piles described herein. It is illustrated in mare detail in Figs. 9 to 12.
The 1 o additional mctabtt is intended to inareasc the forces which the pile can withstand. It may be fitted followitag deployment of the pile or rosy be fitted to the pile before deployment. Deflection assembly 28 cvm~prises a plurality o~
nested zings 29, 30, 31. Inner ring 29 engages the pile while intermediate soil reaction ring 30 and outer soil reaction ring 31 arc spaced apart from it. rn a typical SOcm (20in) diameter pile the outer soil reaction ring 31 may have a diameter of about 3m. The depth of the inner ring 29 is greater than that of the intermediate soil rang which is deeper than the outer soil ring. The rings arc joined by axial ribs 32, 33, 34. A grating 35 providing extra streng~ extends over the top surface of the deflection assembly leaving a central hole. The 2o deflection reaction member may be fitted after dolling of the pile.
Figs. 13 and 14 illustrate a yGt fuithcr embodiment. Once again similar numbered parts have similar functions. As illustrated there are two di$ercat features ~ which can be used separately or together. Means for resisting rotational forces are provided axially movable relative to the pile. In the illustzaxed embodiment this comprises both a deflection assembly 28 and ~ms to be described in greater detail hereinafter. It will be apparent that the dcilectioa assembly or the fins could be omitted or fixed relative to the pile.
Sleeve 36 carries a plurality of quadrilateral fins 39 and a mooring termination.
It is also provided with a deflection assembly 28. One of the sleeve 36 and pipe 2 is provided with a key 40 for engagement with a keyway of the other. In the illustxatcd embodiment the pipe has the key but the reverse arrangement could be cmployed_ More than one key and key way could be providcd_ Alternatively other mesas for transferring rotational drive forces while allowing relative axial movement could be 'used. The key prevents rotation of the pipe relative to the sleeve but does not prevent axial movement An initial conf guration is shown in Fig. 13 . The tip of the pipe has penetrated the ground G.~G with the fins 39 partially engaged. The drill can be actuated.
1 o Rotation of the pile is inhibited by the fins. As the drill drills a hole the pipe descends. The sleeve may also descend but it does net descend as far as the pile but moves axiallprclative to the pile guided by the key way or splines.
At some point the sleeve may slide beyond the end of the key way. The pipe may then become movable relative to the sleeve. At the end of its travel the sleeve 36 may engage end stop 41. Further driving will allow the sleeve to move in conjimctivn with the pile. Drilling may continue with thi s as well as the other embodiments until the end of the pile is flush with or under the surface of the ground_ 'I~is is desirable since at the end of the useful life it may be possible to simply abandon the pile rather than attempt to recover it. This can be 2o preferred since the pile can be made of relatively low cost compancnts.
If desired the inv~e7ntion can be made de navo by methods apparent to the skilled worker from new materials. However it may be preferred on cost grounds to adopt mattrials originally intended for or used in other applications. In particular tine pipe 2 can be made from drill casing which may be available on the surplus market.
Tb.e invention in at least some embodiment allows a pile to be installed by drilling more rapidly than is generally possible with a driven pile or a suction.
3o p'tmzped pile.
The invention allows in at least so~oac embodiment a pile to be installed in a wide range of soils which is not easily achievable with a driven or suction pumped pile.
At least some embodiments of the inveutio~n provide a high strength pile capable of withstanding high lateral snd vertical loads such as those generated by deep water mooring systc~ns.
1 o Rotation of the pile is inhibited by the fins. As the drill drills a hole the pipe descends. The sleeve may also descend but it does net descend as far as the pile but moves axiallprclative to the pile guided by the key way or splines.
At some point the sleeve may slide beyond the end of the key way. The pipe may then become movable relative to the sleeve. At the end of its travel the sleeve 36 may engage end stop 41. Further driving will allow the sleeve to move in conjimctivn with the pile. Drilling may continue with thi s as well as the other embodiments until the end of the pile is flush with or under the surface of the ground_ 'I~is is desirable since at the end of the useful life it may be possible to simply abandon the pile rather than attempt to recover it. This can be 2o preferred since the pile can be made of relatively low cost compancnts.
If desired the inv~e7ntion can be made de navo by methods apparent to the skilled worker from new materials. However it may be preferred on cost grounds to adopt mattrials originally intended for or used in other applications. In particular tine pipe 2 can be made from drill casing which may be available on the surplus market.
Tb.e invention in at least some embodiment allows a pile to be installed by drilling more rapidly than is generally possible with a driven pile or a suction.
3o p'tmzped pile.
The invention allows in at least so~oac embodiment a pile to be installed in a wide range of soils which is not easily achievable with a driven or suction pumped pile.
At least some embodiments of the inveutio~n provide a high strength pile capable of withstanding high lateral snd vertical loads such as those generated by deep water mooring systc~ns.
10 At least some embodiments of the invention can be usod as anchoring points far taut leg mooring systems providing a b~xgh vertical load capability using tubular casings of lesser diameter than required for comparable suction anchors in view of the deep embodiment achievable in any soil.
A single pile design can be used in a wide range of soil conditions reducing the need for accurate assessment, fvr example by site survey of soil conditions.
While the invention has been described by reference to subsea applications the invention is not so restricted and may be used on land.
A single pile design can be used in a wide range of soil conditions reducing the need for accurate assessment, fvr example by site survey of soil conditions.
While the invention has been described by reference to subsea applications the invention is not so restricted and may be used on land.
Claims (15)
1. A method of drilling and installing a pile in ground comprising the steps of:
i. providing a pile;
ii. providing a drill bit at an end of the pile rotatable relative to the pile;
iii, engaging the found with the drill bit; and iv rotating the drill bit relative to the ground and the pile generating a hole into which the pile its received.
i. providing a pile;
ii. providing a drill bit at an end of the pile rotatable relative to the pile;
iii, engaging the found with the drill bit; and iv rotating the drill bit relative to the ground and the pile generating a hole into which the pile its received.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the pile comprises a pipe and the drill bit is carried by an elongate member received in the pipe for rotational movement, bearings being optionally provided intermediate the pipe and the elongate member.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein means for preventing rotation of the pile relative to the ground are provided.
4. A pile having provided one end thereof with a drill bit rotatable relative to the pile.
5. The pile as claimed in claim 4 wherein the pile composes a pipe and the drill bit is carried by an elongate member received in the pipe for rotational movement.
6. The pile of claim 4 wherein means for preventing rotation of the pile arc provided.
7. The pile of claim 4 wherein the elongate member is connected to a drilling hit of a diameter greater than the diameter of the pile for example by a decoupable arrangement such as a drive spline allowing recovery of the elongate member.
8. The pile of claim 7, wherein the drilling bit is retractable through the pile for example a collapsible drilling head, such as an underreamer, or is a bi-centred bit or a jetting bit.
9. The pile of claim 4 wherein the drill bit is actuable by drive means such as a downhole motor or turbine received in the pile and preferably decoupable from the bit for recovery.
10. The pile of claim 4 having a linkage point for example for a mooring line termination mounted for rotational movement on the pile.
11. The pile of claim 4 further comprising means for transferring deflection loads, such as a plurality of rings mounted toward the upper end for the pile, to the soil.
12. The pile of claim 4 further comprising means for supplying drilling fluid to the bit via the elongate member and return to the surface via an annular space defined by the pile and the elongate member, the pile further comprising means for restricting fluid out of the hole drilled by the pile.
13. The pile of claim 4 further comprising means for resisting vertically upward forces such as a plurality of barbs.
14. The pile of claim 4 further comprising orque reaction means preferably axially movable relative to the pile.
15. The use of a pile as claimed in claim 4 as an anchor.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9810441A GB2364728B (en) | 1998-05-16 | 1998-05-16 | Method of and apparatus for installing a pile underwater to create a mooring anchorage |
| GB9810441.7 | 1998-05-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2271630A1 true CA2271630A1 (en) | 1999-11-16 |
Family
ID=10832109
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002271630A Abandoned CA2271630A1 (en) | 1998-05-16 | 1999-05-14 | Pile and method for installing same |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6368021B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0962596A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2816999A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9901545A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2271630A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2364728B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO992351L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA993304B (en) |
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-
1998
- 1998-05-16 GB GB9810441A patent/GB2364728B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-05-13 ZA ZA9903304A patent/ZA993304B/en unknown
- 1999-05-13 EP EP99303732A patent/EP0962596A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-05-13 US US09/311,237 patent/US6368021B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-14 AU AU28169/99A patent/AU2816999A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-05-14 CA CA002271630A patent/CA2271630A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-05-14 NO NO992351A patent/NO992351L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-05-17 BR BR9901545-5A patent/BR9901545A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2002
- 2002-02-21 US US10/080,096 patent/US6536993B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0962596A1 (en) | 1999-12-08 |
| GB2364728B (en) | 2002-12-04 |
| GB2364728A (en) | 2002-02-06 |
| AU2816999A (en) | 1999-11-25 |
| US6536993B2 (en) | 2003-03-25 |
| GB9810441D0 (en) | 1998-07-15 |
| NO992351L (en) | 1999-11-17 |
| ZA993304B (en) | 1999-11-15 |
| US6368021B1 (en) | 2002-04-09 |
| NO992351D0 (en) | 1999-05-14 |
| US20020081158A1 (en) | 2002-06-27 |
| BR9901545A (en) | 2000-01-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |