CA2275684C - Antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions - Google Patents

Antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2275684C
CA2275684C CA002275684A CA2275684A CA2275684C CA 2275684 C CA2275684 C CA 2275684C CA 002275684 A CA002275684 A CA 002275684A CA 2275684 A CA2275684 A CA 2275684A CA 2275684 C CA2275684 C CA 2275684C
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Prior art keywords
alkyl
composition
solid
nil
hydroxystearic acid
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CA002275684A
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French (fr)
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CA2275684A1 (en
Inventor
Gerald John Guskey
Thomas Vincent Orr
James Robert Schwartz
James Merle Heinrich
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/84Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A61K8/89Polysiloxanes
    • A61K8/891Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone
    • A61K8/894Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone modified by a polyoxyalkylene group, e.g. cetyl dimethicone copolyol
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/0216Solid or semisolid forms
    • A61K8/0229Sticks
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/04Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K8/042Gels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/42Amides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/60Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/84Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A61K8/89Polysiloxanes
    • A61K8/891Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61QSPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q15/00Anti-perspirants or body deodorants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/20Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of the composition as a whole
    • A61K2800/30Characterized by the absence of a particular group of ingredients
    • A61K2800/31Anhydrous
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S424/00Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
    • Y10S424/05Stick

Abstract

Disclosed are anhydrous antiperspirant gel-solid sticks which comprise particulate antiperspirant active; a solid non-polymeric gellant that is substantially free of dibenzylidene alditol, inorganic thickening agents, organic polymeric gellants, n-acyl amino acid derivatives, or combinations thereof; an anhydrous liquid carrier containing polyalkylsiloxanes, polyalkyarylsiloxanes, polyestersiloxanes, polyethersiloxane copolymers, polyfluorosiloxanes, polyaminosyloxanes, or combinations thereof. The composition has a visible residue index of from about 11 to about 30 L-value, a product hardness of from about 500 to about 5,000 gram.force, a rheology profile defined by a ratio of an elastic modulus (G') to a viscous modulus (G'') of from about 0.1 to about 100. The refractive indices of the particulate antiperspirant active, the solid non-polymeric gellant, and the anhydrous liquid carrier are not matched. The compositions preferably comprise crystalline gellant particles having an average particle size of less then about 1 µm and/or a particle morphology having an aspect ratio of greater than about 2. These compositions provide improved low residue performance, efficacy and aesthetics.

Description

JUN-17-1999 02 ~ 83 P&G PRTENT I TC C I NN 51.5 b~ r b.i.5.5 r. de~~ 1~ r WO 981Z'7950 . 1'CTIUS9'f!?,3691 AN»ERSPIRAl~'T GEL-SOC.iD STICK CONIPOS1TIONS
TECHNICAL l:'IEGD
The present invention relates to antiperspirant compositions in the form of gel-solid sticks. In particular, the present invention relates to select compositions in the form of gel-solid sticks that provide improved low residue performance, efficacy and aesthetics, and which contain select modified silicone careers.

There are many types of topical antiperspirant products that are commercially available or octtcrwise known in the antiperspirant arc. Most of thus products are formulated as aerosol or pump sprays, roll-an liquids, creams, emulsions, gels, gel-solids, or othu solid stick formulations, and comprix an astringent material, e.g. airconium or aluminum salts pr combinations thereof, incorporated into a suitable carrier- Thex products are designed to provide effective perspiration and odor control while also being cosmetically acapmble during snd aRer application onto the axillary area ar other areas of the skin.
Within this product group, solid antiperspirant sticks have. become especially popular arrtong consumers. These antiperspirant sticks comprise a solid matrix within which the atttipetspirant active material is contained. The active can be solubiliud in a liquid carrier comprising water, glycols and/or other alcohols, or maintained within a solid matrix as dispersed solids in ae anhydrous system. 'Che solid sticks which contain dissolved active oRen provide some low residue performance, but tend to be wet or sticky during pnd immediately after applicatioa to the skin, and more importantly, are oftat not as effective in providing entipetspirant and deodorant performance as solid sticks containing dispersed particulate active. Although tlu antiperspirant sticks which contain particulaee actives are mo~ne effective, they also tend to teaw a higher visibb residue on the skin.
Therz have beat many attempts at producing anbydrous antiperspirant sticks which coataitt dispersed Ppa:icuJat'e itant active, and which also provide improved effuxcy and !ow residue performance during and a8er appiicuior, to the skin, or which otherwise provide product clarity prior to (as a packaged product) yr at'~er such application (as a clear or lowresidue film on the skin).
One such amempt involves the uombinatiao of particulate antiperspirant active, gellants and liquid cattier in a gel stick, wherein all such components in the combination have matching refta~cttive indices.
Refractive index matching allows fa usore passage of light through the gel stick wish less scauering of the Iigbt, thus resulting in product; which appear more clear or translucent as a pacitaged composition or when initially applied topically to the skin. These gel sticks, however, are expensive to make due to the cost of us6ag raw mammals having only select matching refractive indices. These compositions ase also very difficult to fotarulate given that refractive utdex matching for a three component system (particulate active.
2 solvent and gellant) is extremely difficult, and greatly limits the materials that can be used to prepare such a formulation.
Another attempt at making low residue antiperspirant sticks involves the use of gellants such as dibenzylidene alditols. These gellants, however, like many other gellants known in the art, are not acid stable and therefore tend to interact with the antiperspirant active due to the acidic nature of the active.
This interaction can result in reduced efficacy of the active, poor gel formation, and lower gel stability over extended periods during shipping or. storage. This interaction may also cause processing difficulties at the temperatures and holding times often used during the formulation and manufacturing process. These gellants are also commonly used in combination with glycol carriers or other solvents which tend to be wet and sticky and irritating to the skin.
Yet another attempt at making low residue antiperspirant sticks involves the use of residue masking agents such as non-volatile paraffmic hydrocarbon fluids, phenyl trimethicone, low melting point waxes and combinations thereof. These agents arc used in Combination with stearyl alcohol or other high residue waxes commonly used in solid antiperspirant sticks. These agents help reduce visible residue during and immediately after application of the solid stick to the skin, but also tend to be associated with an oily or sticky skin feeling during application. Moreover, although the visible residue is reduced in such compositions, there remains a visible residue on the skin when used in combination with high residue waxes such as stearyl alcohol, and this reduced residue is still more visible or apparent than the topical residue left by antiperspirant sticks which contain solubiliud antiperspirant active.
Other attempts at improving low residue performance from an antiperspirant composition has focused on the use of anhydrous antiperspirant creams. These creams can be applied to the skin by conventional means, or by a cream applicator device, and rcsulu in very low residue during and immediately after application to the skin. These compositions comprise particulate active dispersed throughout a» anhydrous carrier, and either contained within a solid-like matrix or thickened with an inorganic or polymeric gellant or thickening agent. Many consumers, however, still prefer the convenience of using a solid antiperspirant stick, even if the solid stick tends to leave a higher visible residue on the skin.
A recent method of making low residue antiperspirant sticks is described in U.S. Patent 5,429,816, issued to Hofrichter et al. on July 4, 1995, v The antiperspirant sticks provide low visible residue during and immediately after application to the skin, and are physically and chemically stable over extended periods of time. The improved antiperspirant sticks comprise a dual gellant system having a primary gellant such as 12-hydroxystearic acid or esters or amides thereof and a secondary gellant such as n-acyl amino acid derivatives. Formation of such an antiperspirant stick with such a dual gellant system has been characterized as a "gel-solid" antiperspirant stick.

,IUN-17-1~~~ d2: d4 N2SV PH rErv i t r~ ~tNN 513 bWr bees r. dd5~l~ r WO 9829950 - PCT/US971?,3d9I
3 An antiperspirant gel-solid, such as that described by Hofrichter et. al., is an antiperspirant stick having a three~dimensional, non-polytneric, gel nttwork in which solvent is contained or trapped. These Kel-solids are typically formed by solubilizing the gallant in the solvent at temperatures above the melt point of the gallant and at temperatures at which the melted gallant is soluble in the solvent, and then cooling the composition to form the desired gel-solid composition. The low residue get-solids described by Hofrichter et al. are remarkably stable, both physically and chemically, and will maintain the desired product hardness over an extended period of time. The gel-solids described by Hofrichter et al., however, are limited to select dual gallant systems and do not include or otherwise describe any method of making a low-residue antiperspirant gel-solid stick containing any other gallant or gallant system.
It has now been found that other low-residue gel-solids can be formulated without reliance upon the select combination of gallants described by Hofsichter et al. The new low-residue gel-solids are anhydrous systems which comprise from about 0.5% to about 60% by weight of parriculata antiperspirant active; from - about ! % to about ! 5% by weight of a solid non-polymeric gallant that is substantially free of dibenzylidene slditol, inorganic thickening agents, organic polymeric thickening agents, n-aryl amino acid derivatives and combinations thereof from about 10% to about 80% by weight of an anhydrous liquid carries containing a modified silicone liquid carrier ukcted froth the group consisting of polyalkylsibxaaes. polyalkyarylsiloxanes, polyestasiioxanes, polyethersiloxane copolymers, polyfluorosiloxames, polyitrttinvsiloxanes, and eotnbinations thereof;
wher>rin the composition has a visible residue index of from about 1 i to about 30 L~vahie, a product haTdtteas of frog about 500 grain-force to about 5.000 gram-force, a ratio of an elastic modules (G') to a viscous madulua (G") of from about 0.1 to about 100. The composition does ant requirt refnictive index matching of the particulate antiperspirant active. solid non-polymeric gallant, and anhydrous liquid carrier to achisve low residue performance. The compositions prefeeably coaiprix gallant erysdlbe particles having an average paraicle size of less than about 1 liar, aaNor an elongtrad pasticfe iaarphobgy defused by an aspect ratio of greater than about 2.
It also has been bound thawt the rnodiftOd silicone carriers, when incorpo,a~d into the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions as defined herein, are effecwve irt providing iittprovtd antiperspirant and deodaaut e~aey- These select modified silicone crosiers art especially etFective when used in combination with other carrier liquids such as volatile silicones, and even more effective when used as a eo-sohra~ fat the solid non-polyareric gallant in plax of other mane typical or conventional co-solvents such as polar, wamer-irnmiaeible" co-solvearts,.
It is themfore ere object of the present iaventiorr to provide an anhydrous antiperspirant gel-solid stick coamietiitg pediculsta antiperspirant active which provides improved bw residue performance.
e~rcacy and xsdietics, sad further to provide such a composition without reliance upon specific gallants such as dibenzylidetie alditols, or dual gallant systems eontaining n-acyl amino acid derivatives. It is a further object of the pit invention to provide such a compasiaon without reliance upon nefnetive index matching of corapooant matoristls, or the use of solubilized antiperspirant active, to obtain product clarity JUN-17-1999 02~04 P&G PRTENT ITC CINN 513 627 6333 P.006i127 WO 98!17930 ~ PGT/US9'l/2~b91
4 or low residue perfprmance. It is yet another object of the present invention to provide such a composition Comprising an anhydrous liquid carrier containing select modified silicone carriers.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is dirceted to anhydrous antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions which comprise from about 0_5% to about 60'/o by weight of particulate antiperspiram active; from about 1% to oboes 15% by weight of a solid non-polytntric gtllant that is substantially free of dibeniylidene alditol.
inorganic thickening agents, organic polymeric gellants, n-acyl amino acid derivatives, or combinations thereof from about 10% to about 80% by weight of an anhydrous liquid carrier containing a modified silicone liquid carrier selected from the group consisting of polyalkylsiloxanes, polyalkyarylsiloxanes, polyestersiloxanes, poiyethersiloxane copolymers, polyfluorosiloxanes, pvlyaminosiloxanes, and combinations thereof; and wherein the composition has a visible residue index of from about 1 l to about 30 L-value, a product hardness of from about S00 gram-force to about 5.000 gtxat~force, a theology profile defrtred by a ratio of an elastic modules (G~ to a viscous modules (G") of from about 0. a to about t00.
The refractive indices of the particulate antiperspirant active, the solid non~polymcric gellanc, and the anhydrous liquid carrier are not nuucired. 7-he compositions preferably comprise crystalline gallant particles having art average particle size of less than about 1 lun and/or a particle morphology having an aspect ratio of tban about 2. The compositions also preferably corttptix from about 0. l % to about 50% by weight of the modified silicone liquid cattier, and more prrfenbly in combirtatian with a volatile silicone.
It has been found that the antiperspirant gdsolid stick compositions of the present invention can provide low residue pafoetrtance without the need to use solubiliud antiperspirant active, and without reliance upon selax low rrsidue gallants such as dibenzylidene alditols ar select gallant corabittations coptaiaiag n-aryl amino acid d~etivatives. This is accomplished by formulating as anhydrous gel..solid stick caatpositiiou having the select hardness and theology profile preferably provided by a non-polymeric, three-ditaettsioASl crystalline gel network tttade up of small, elongated crystalline particles having an ark particle siize of less tltaa about I lien sttdltrr a particle morphology defined bY ~ aspect ratio of at least about 2.
It also has been found drat the modified silicone carriers. whtn incorporated into the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions as defined hereus, m effective in providQrg improved antiperspirant and deodorant et~lcacy. These xlect. modified silicone carriers are especially effective when used in combunatmn with other carrisr liquids such as volatile silicone, and even more effective when used as a co-soivtni for the solid non-polymeric geltarrt is place of other more typical or conventional co-solvents ~c6 as polar, wad-;~;~ible, co-solvents.
~JF~~;sl,~ ~~'l~;~l~T(ON OF HE INVENnON

The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention are anhydrous systems which are dispersions of particulate antiperspirant active held or contained within a non-polymeric crystalline gel-solid matrix.
The term "anhydrous" as used herein means that the antiperspirant gel-solid stick composition of the present invention, and the essential or optional components thereof other than the particulate antiperspirant active, are substantially free of added or free water. From a formulation standpoint, this means that the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention preferably contain less than about 5°~°, preferably less than about 3%, more preferably less than about i%, most preferably zero percent, by weight of free or added water, other than the water of hydration typically associated with the particulate antiperspirant active prior to formulation.
The term "low residue" as used herein refers generally to the visible residue left on the applied areas of the skin during or immediately after application, and more specifically refers to the visible residue index of the composition as defined by the methodology described hereinafter.
The term "ambient conditions" as used herein refers to surrounding conditions under about one atmosphere of pressure, at about 50% relative humidity, and at about 25°C, unless otherwise specified.
The term "substantially free" as used herein, unless otherwise specified, refers to preferred negative limitations of the compositions of the present invention, and are directed to the amount or concentration of inorganic thickening agents, organic polymeric thickening agents, dibenzylidene alditol gellants, n-acyl amino acid derivatives, or combinations thereof, in the composition. The term "substantially free" means that the compositions preferably contain less than an effective amount of such agents when used alone to provide any thickening or measurable viscosity increase to the composition. In this context, the negative limitations pertain only.to those thickening or gelling agents which are also solid under ambient conditions, and which are not silicone containing materials or polymeric derivatives of 12~hydroxystearic acid.
Generally, the compositions preferably contain less than 5%, preferably less than 2%, more preferably less than 1%, even more preferably less than 0.5%, most preferably zero percent, of such agents by weight of the composition. Examples of inorganic thickening agents to which the above-described negative limitations pertain include finely divided or colloidal silicas, fumed siiicas, and silicates, which includes montmorillonite clays and hydrophobically treated montrnorillonites, e.g., bentonites, hectorites and colloidal magnesium silicates. Examples of organic polymeric gelling agents to which the above-described negative limitations pertain include organic polymers well known in the antiperspirant or personal care art for use in providing gelling or thickening or other physical or aesthetic benefits to a composition, specific examples of which include hydrogenated butylene/ethyfenelstyrene copolymer, polyethylene, oxidized polyethylene, polyamides, acrylic acid polymers, ethylene acrylate copolymers, and other organic polymeric gelling agents described in Rheological Properties of Cosmetics and Toiletries,. Edited by Dennis Laba, published by Marvel Dekker, In., New York (1993, The term "substituted" as used herein, unless otherwise specified, refers to chemical moieties or substituents known or otherwise suitable for attachment to the compounds or other chemical materials described or referred to herein. These substituents include, but ace not limited to, those listed and described in C. Hansch and A. Leo, Substituent Constants jor Correlation Analysis in Chemistry and Biology ( 1979), Examples of such substituents include, but are not limited to, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, oxo, nitro, amino, aminoalkyl (e.g., aminomethyl, etc.), cyano, halo (e.g., chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine), carboxy, alkoxyaceyl (e.g., carboethoxy, ete.), thiol, aryl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl (e.g., piperidinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, etc.), imino, thioxo, hydroxyalkyl, aryloxy, arylalkyl, amides, esters, ethers, combinations thereof, and the like.
The term "n-acyl amino acid derivatives" refers to gellants selected from the group consisting of n-acyl amino acid amides, n-acyl amino acid esters prepared from giutamic acid, lysine, glutamine, apartic acid, and combinations thereof, and which are specifically disclosed in U.S.
Patent 5,429,816.
The terms "alkyl" and "alkenyl" as used herein, unless otherwise specified, refer to substituted or.
unsubstituted, branched, cyclic or linear, hydrocarbons having from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms.
The term "volatile" as used herein refers to materials which have a vapor pressure under ambient conditions of at least about 0.2 mm of Hg. Conversely, the term "non-volatile"
as used herein refers to materials which have no measurable vapor pressure or which have a vapor of less than about 0.2 mm of Hg undtr ambient conditions.
The solid non-polymeric gellant, antiperspirant active and anhydrous liquid carrier components of the gel-solid stick compositions herein are preferably not refractive index matched, and more preferably have at least two of such components with refractive indices (rip) that differ by at least about 0.02, more preferably by at least about 0.04.
The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of the essential elements and limitations of the invention described herein, as well as any of the additional or optional ingredients, components, or limitations described herein.
As percentages, parts and ratios arc by weight of the total composition, unless otherwise specified.
All such weights as they pertain to listed ingredients are bassd on the specific ingredient level and, therefore, do not include solvents, carriers, by-products, filler or other minor ingredients that may be included in commercially available materials, unless otherwise specified.
;Product CharaMeriatics The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention are characterized in terms of product hardness, visible residue index, and a Theology profile defused by a ratio of an elastic to viscous moduli. Each of these characteristics is defined in accordance with the methodologies and other limitations described hereinafter.

JUN-17-1999 02:05 P8G PATENT ITC CINN 513 627 6333 P.009i127 WO 98/27950 ~ PCTlL1S97123691 a) Hardness The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention have a product hardness of from about 500 gram~force to about 5,000 gram~force, preferably from about 750 g. ram-force to about 3.000 gram~force. more preferably from about 800 gram-force to about 1,400 grans.force.
The term "product hardness" as used herein is a roflection of how much force is required to move a penetration cone a speciFed distance and at a controlled rate into an antiperspirant gel-solid stick composition upder the following test conditions. Higher values represent harder product, arid lower values represent softer product. These values are measured at 27°C, I
S% relative humidity, using a TA-XT'2 Texture Analyzer, available fi'ortt Texture Technology Corp., Scarsdale, New York. U.S.A. The Product hardness valus as used herein represents the amount of force t~equired to move a standard 45°
angle penetration cone through the composition for s distance of lOmm at s rate of 2mm/second. 7lte standard cone is available from Texture Technology Corp.,'as part sambas TA-I5, and has a total cone length of about 24.7 mm, angled cone length of about 18.3 mm, a maximum diameter of the angled surface of the cone of about 15.5 mm. The cone is a staooth, stainless steel construction and weighs about 17.8 gnertts.
b) Residue The antiperspuaot gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention have a visible residue ipdex of from I t to about 30 L-value, preferably from about 1 L to about 25 L-value, more preferably froth I I to about 20 L-value. The term "visible rrsidue index' as used herein refers generally to the extent to which the composition of the pre:eat invention is visibly apparent as a thin topical film after application to the ~~. and mote speciRcdly refers to visible residue values (expressed as as L-value on the L, a, b color scale] as measured in accordance with the fohowing methodology. perFontted at 27°C, under atmospheric pressure. atld at 15% relative humidity on antiperspirant stick compositions having a product hardness of from about 500 gram.force to shoal 5,000 gram~force.
A piece of black felt; approximately 10 cat x 30 cm, is attached to a movable horisvntal elide which is movably atotebed err fixed to a urger mechattica! unit. An example of a suitable piece of black felt for use herein is Supnma ~ Velour, FN-6554, Color 404L. Style 31854, available front So.Fro Fabrics, Eveadale, Ohio, U.S.A. An exatttpk of a suitable mechanical assembly for use herein is the Release and Adhesion Tester, Serial No. A-14934, maousccuted by Testing Machines, inc., Amicyvilk, New York, 1,1.S.A., or a Velmex Uai;lide Positioair~ Systettt. Unislide assembly series ~ (MH6000), available from Vebnex. lnc., 8loomfield, New York, U.S.A. An anciperspit'ant stick composition concxitted within and partially extending o~ ~t 0.5 cm from a conventional package or conrair~er is positioned perpendicular to and above the area piece of felt, such that the product extending out of the package or container is ~~8 the Pie of felt and the surrott»ding package is positioned away from the piece of felt. The JUN-1'?-lbb'~ l'~ ~ vJb I-~2SL~ r'H I EN I 1 I C. tJ ( NN 51.i b27 b3, ..i r'.
d14'i12'l wo ~zrlso . pc~r~s9ma.3s9i s surrounding package is positioned in place using a mechanical arm or other device suitable for applying the r~quisit~ movemenc to she product as described herein.
The antiperspirant stick composition is then slowly moved toward and allowed to gently contact the attached piece of black felt. A 1,000 gram weight is placed on the product sample sa that the product continuously contacts the piece of black felt during testing. The wei6ttted sample is then moved repeatedly back and forth across the piece of felt at a fixed speed (about 3 cm/second), and with a fixed amount of applied pressure provided by the weighted product, until the about I .7S
grants of the antiperspirant stick composition is evenly applied over a 5 cm x 20 cm area of the piece of black felt. The piece of felt is that carefully removed fmm the apparatus.
A calibrated Minolta CR-300 chromametrr (available from Minolta Corp., Ramsey, New Jersey, U.S.A.) is then used to measure the L-value (on the L,a,b color seals) of the applied surface area. First, a template is placed on top of the piece of felt to facilitate the Minolta readings. Template dimensions are S
cm x 20 cm. The template has twslve circular opatings (2.2 cm diameter) positioned within the template, each opening positioned centrally within adjacent 6.5 crtt2 srtas of the template surface. The template is positioned over tht applied surface area of the piece of felt such that each of the twelve circular openings covers a non-overlapping arcs of the applied surface. The chcorrtametet's view port is fitted into each of the circular opmittgs attd L-value measurements taken. An average L-value is then determined for the twelve measurements (standard deviation of leas than about 0.8) which then corr~ppnds to the visible residue index as described heteitt.
It has been found drat there is a correiatiaa between the visible residua index range defined herein and the average pttrpck size of tile crystalline gallant particles in the atrtiperspirant gel-solid stick torrtposition of the present inveption. Geaer$Uy, as the average p~rrtick size of aystdlline gellaelt: particles in the composition deCteases, low residue ptrfo,mattce improves. 1n particttlat. it has beets found that a visible residue index of from about l 1 to about 30 L-value correlates with an aver:ge crystalline gallant particle size of kss than aborts 1 Ittn, andlar a cryst:iline gallant particle morphology thtuacterized by one dimensiaoal crystalliQe growth such as that resulting in crystalline filammts, fibets,~ strings or other elongated particles, whsssin the aspect ratio as defined by the major and minor axis of the crystalline P~le is rhan about 2,. preferably grest~er than about 6. Conversely, solid compositions contaiaing crystalline geUatlt particles her than 1 urn (average ptlttiCle diatnear) have $ visible residue inddc of grtaoer than 30 L-value. la view of this corrslation between visible residue index values and swaage crystalline particle size or elongaeed particle morphology. the visible t~esidue index measurement can uow be used as an altp~pve means for establishing average crystglline gallant particle size or crystalline gehant morpltolagy, at least to the extent that such average particle sine is less than about l Itm.
c) Rh_~losv .JUIY-1 r-1~~~ e~: de r~sU rH I trm m m NN 51.5 e27 6.3.5.5 r. d11~127 WO 98/2'1950 ~ PCT/US971~3691 The antiperspirant stick compositions of the present invention are vel-solids having the select rheoloey profile defined herein. This Theology profile is defined herein in terms of the elastic (G') to viscous (G") moduli ratio ( G' I G" ) of the gel-solid stick composition. To provide the requisite theology, the gel-solid stick compositions must have a G' / G" ratio of from about 0.1 to about 100, preferably from about 0. t to about 50, more preferably fmm about 1 to about 20, even moro preferably from about 5 to about 20. This ratio represents the extent to which the gel-solid stick compositions herein exhibit solid character and the extent to which the compositions exhibit liquid or fluid character, and specifically refers to the numerical ratio G' I G~ as determined by the following methodology.
The elastic modules is a measun~rrent which correlates with the solid character of the gel-solid stick compositions herein. and the viscous modules is a measurement which correlates with the fluid or liquid character of the gel~solid stick compositions herein. Measurements for G' and G" for purposes of defining the composition of the present invention are determined under ambient conditions using conventional techniques well known in the formulation arts. For example, a l3ohlin Strrss~Strain Rheonseter, available from Bohlin lteologi, Cranberry. New Jersey, can be used using a cone (about 1°) attd plate configuration. About 1.0 mg of the product is carefully removed for the composition with minimal application of shear force and is titan placed between the cone and plate ftxtlu'es for mexsurrment of G' and G~.
It has bean found that the gelsolid stick compositions of the present invention exhibit improved low residue performance whets formulated as dexribed herein, wherein the composition has cite select G'/G" ratio descn'bed hereinabove, especially when the defined Theology is.
associated with a crystalline get matrix having a prefeaed ~l particle site and/or particle morphology as described herein. These get-solid stick formulavotrs speaad smoothly over tht skin. and shear quickly and nleh during such spreadi»g to farm a thin, low residue film over the appliod surface.
In Particular. it bas been found that the~ge!-solid stick compositions of the prrsent invention have Theology cbaracteristia that rcutlt in improvod performance. especially low residue peeforrrtaoce. These select gel-solid compositions as defined herein behave as solids prior to application while maintained within a canister or other package, but behave more as liquids or fluids during or immediately after aPMi~ion ro the skin. Irr other words, the solid compositions shear thin during apptiwciou to the skin, atelt or almost melt (except for particttlata active which remains unmetted) during the shear thinning application, thus resulting irt a thin, tow residue. liquid or fluid filet oa the skin during ar immediately aRer topical application to the skin. The applied f Im is clear or has very low visible residue, and t~entains subsaatially as such over.ac:atded periods of time after application.
Aa i 'rant Active The antiparspirapt gel-solid stick compositions of the Ardent invention comprise particulate irartt active suitable for appli~a to human skin. These particulate actives must remain substantially unsolubilized as dispersed or precipitated solids in the anhydrous or substantially anhydrous systems as described herein. The concentration of particulate active in the composition should be sufficient to provide the desired perspiration wetness and odor control from the antiperspirant gel-solid stick formulation selected.
The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention preferably comprise particulate antiperspirant active at concentrations of from about 0.5% to about 60%, more preferably from about 5% to about 35%, by weight of the composition. These weight percentages are calculated on an anhydrous metal salt basis exclusive of water and any complexing agents such as glycine, glycine salts, or other complexing agents. The particulate antiperspirant active as formulated in the composition are in the form of dispersed solid particles having a preferred average particle size or diameter of less than about 100 itm, more preferably from about 15 ~tm to about 100 ltm, even more preferably from about 20 pm to about 100 Nm. Also preferred are dispersed solid particulates having an average particle size or diameter of less than about 2 pm, even more preferably from less than about 0.4 Itm. It has been found that antiperspirant active particles within the preferred particle size ranges provide lower visible residue performance from the gel-solid compositions.herein than other less preferred particle size ranges.
The antiperspirant active for use in the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention include any compound, composition or other material having antiperspirant activity. Preferred antiperspirant actives include the astringent metallic salts, especially the inorganic and organic salts of aluminum, zirconium and zinc, as well as mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred are the aluminum and zirconium salts, such as aluminum halides, aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum hydroxyhalides, zirconyl oxyhalides, zirconyl hydroxyhalides, and mixtures thereof.
Preferred aluminum salts for use in the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions include those which conform to the formula:
A12(OH)a Cl b ~ x H20 wherein a is from about 2 to about 5; the sum of a and b is about 6; x is from about 1 to about 6; and wherein a, b, and x may have non-integer values. Particularly preferred are the aluminum chiorhydroxides referred to as "5/6 basic chlorhydroxide", wherein a = 5, and "2/3 basic chlorhydroxide", wherein a = 4.
Processes for preparing aluminum salts are disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,887,692, Gilman, issued June 3, 1975; U.S. Patent 3,904,741, Jones et al., issued September 9, 1975; U.S.
Patent 4,359,436, Gosling et al., issued November 16, 1982; and British Patent Specification 2,048,229, Fitzgerald et al., published December i0, 1980, Mixtures of aluminum salts are described in British Patent Specification 1,347,950, Shin et al., published February 27, 1974.
Preferred zirconium salts for use in the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions include those which conform to the formula:
Zr0(OHyZ_aCla ~ x H20 wherein a is from about 1.5 to about 1.87; x is from about I to about 7; and wherein a and x may both have non-integer values. These zirconium salts are described in Belgian Patent 825.146, Schmitz, issued August -1, I g75. Particularly preferred zirconium salts are those complexes which additionally contain aluminum and glycine, commonly known as ZAG complexes.
These ZAG complexes contain aluminum chlorhydroxide and zirconyl hydroxy chloride conforming to the above described formulas. Such ZAG complexes are described in U.S. Patent 3,679,068, Luedders et al., issued February I2, 1974; Great Britain Patent Application 2,144,992, Callaghan et al., published March 30. 1985: and U.S. Patent 4,120,948, Shelton, issued October 17, 1978.
The antiperspirant gef-solid stick compositions of the present invention can also be formulated to comprise other dispersed solids or other materials in addition to or in place of the particulate antiperspirant active. Such other dispersed solids or other materials include any material known or otherwise suitable for topical application to human skin. The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions can also be formulated as gel-solid stick compositions which contain no antiperspirant or other active material, particulate or otherwise.
Gef nt The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention comprise a solid non-polymeric gellant suitable for topical application to human skin, other than inorganic thickening agents, organic polymeric gellants or other gellants such as dibenrylidene alditol and n-aryl amino acid derivatives. These solid non-polymeric gellants must form within the composition a crystalline matrix within which an anhydrous liquid carrier or other liquid component of the composition is trapped or contained. These solid non-polymeric gellants preferably form crystalline particles having an average particle diameter and particle morphology as described hereinafter.
The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions are substantially free of inorganic thickening agents, organic polymeric thickening agents, and gellants selected from the group consisting of dibenrylidene alditois, and n-acyi amino acid derivatives. In this context, "substantially .free" means that the compositions contain less than an effective amount of such agents that when used alone would provide any thickening or measurable viscosity increase to the composition under ambient conditions. Generally, the compositions preferably contain less than 5%, more preferably less than 1 %, even more preferably less than 0.5%, most preferably zero percent, of such agents by weight of the composition.
The antiperspirant gel-solid compositions are preferably substantially free of fatty alcohols that are solids under ambient conditions and which contain from 12 to 40 carbon atoms.
More specifically, the compositions herein preferably contain no more than about 5%, preferably from zero to about 2%, by weight of such fatty alcohol materials. Minimal concentrations of such materials may be used, however, in the composition as a nucleating agent as described hereinafter.

JUN-17-1999 02:07 P8G PATENT ITC CINN 513 627 6333 P.014i127 WO 98127950 - PCTII1897I2369!

The concentration of the gallants ~n the compositions may vary with each selected antiperspirant get-solid stick formulation, especially with each selected anhydrous liquid carrier of the forntulation, but such concentrations will generally range from about 0_1~'e to about 30%, preferably from about 1% to about 15%, more preferably from about 3% to about 12% by weight of the composition. The non-polymeric gallants must be solids under ambieac conditions.
The solid non-polymeric gallants for use in the antiperspirant gel~solid stick compositions are those which can melt and fornn a solution or other homogenous liquid or liquid dispersion with the xlected anhydrous liquid carrier. and at the xlected gallant and liquid carrier eoncenerations, at a processing temperature of from about 28°C to about 250°C, preferably from about 28°C to about 100°C, more preferably from about 28°C to about 78°C. The melted rton-polymeric gallant is typically dissolved by or dispersed throughout the xlected liquid carrier to thus form a solution or other homogenous liquid. '1-!te solution or other homogenous liquid, and other essential and optional ingredients, are preferably combined in accordance with the manufacturing mcettod described herein or other conventional or otbtrwise known technique, and then placed in a suitable psckagp as a flowable solution or homogenous liquid, and then allowed to solidify and form the desired solid gel matrix within the composition as the tempaattue rcwras to ambient temperature and deeps to below the solidification point of the composition.
In selecting a combination of solid non-polymeric gallant and liquid c~ for use in the ancipenpiraar gel-solid stick compositions, the selectsd combination should allow for the development of a crystalline gcllaett matrix within the composition wherein the component crystalline particles preferably have nut average particle size of less than about 1 lent, more pr~efeaably less than about 0.4 pet, even more preferably less than about O.Z pen, most preferably from about 0.001 ~tm co about 0.2 pm, snNos wherein the crystalline panicles have the requisite elongaoed morphology described herein. wherein particle size is measured or detamiacd by the raetleods described herein or by methods well-known to those skilled in the arc such as light ar elacann micr~copy. The gel-solid stick eoatpositians can be prepared by methods well known in the formula4op art for making gehsolids having minimal crystalline particle size or the preferred elongated p~oetiele morphology. The gel-solid stick compositions are preferably prepared by the select methods dexxibed herciaaflaer directed co minimizing crystalline particle sine andlor establishing ehe preferred iue particle morphology.
Solid nao~polymeric gallants suitable for tese is the antiperspirant ge6solid stick compositions of the presalt invention inchede faay acid gellsrets, esters and amides of fatty acid gallants, hydroxy acids.
hydentcy fatty acids, cholesoanlie material:, lanolinolie materials, and other amide: gellana known for use as gelling ages or which am otherwix described in detail heneinaRer Other aystuiliae gellarris cart be:
tesed in the gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention provided that such other gellsats can be formulated to Provide the requisite: crystalline gc! mavix and product and theology charactetiscics defined herein.
CA 02275684 1999-06-18 =

~uN-i'7-1~~~ d~~ e'~ r~s~ rH i tN i 1 f~ C:iNN 51~ 627 b.~s.5 r. d15~12?
wo ~sn79so . rcrrtJS9~rz~9t Other solid non-polymeric gallants suitable for use in the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions herein include fatty acid gallants which include, but are not limited to, fatty acid and hydroxy or alpha hydroxy forty acids, having from about l0 to about 40 carbon atoms, examples of which include 1~-hydroxystearic acid, 12-hydroxylauric acid. 16-hydroxyhexadecanoie acid, behenic acid, aortic acid, stearic acid, caprylic acid, laurie acid isostearie acid, and combinations thereof. Preferred fatty acid eellants are those having the fatty acid diner to monomer ratio as described hereinafter.
Preferred solid non-polymeric gallants suitable for use in the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions include 12-hydroxystearie acid esters of 12-hydmxystearie acid, amides of 12.
hydroxystearic acid and combinations thereof. !!rate preferred gallants include those which correspond to the following formula:
O H
R~ C--~CHZ~--C--~Chiz~-CH3 70 ~ 5 OH
wherein R1 is OR2 or NR2R3: ~d RZ and R3 are hydrogen. or an alkyl, aryl, or arylatky) radical which is branched linear or cyclic and has from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms:
preferably. from about 1 to about 18 carbotr ~or~. R2 and R3 may be either the soma or different; however. at least one is preferably a hydrogen atom. preferred among these gellanb ors those selected li~om the group consisting of 12.
hydroxysea~c acid, 12-hydroxysoearic acid methyl ester. 12~hydroxystearic acid ethyl ester, 1Z-hY~ystearic acid treaty! ester, 12-hydroxystearic acid henry! ester. 12-hydroxysoearic acid amide, ~pYl ~n~ of 12-bydroxystraric acid. (~yl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, benxyi amide of 12-hydroxys:earic acid, pl~Y) amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, tbuty) amide of 12-hydrnttystesric acid.
cyctohsxyl amide of 12-hydroxyseeacic xid. 1-adamantyl amide of tZ-hydnoxystearic acid, 2-adamutty) amide of l2~hydtuxy~~ ~;d, ~;~prppyl aatide of 12-hydroxystearie acid, and mixtures thertof; even more pret~bly. IZ-hyd~xystearic acid, isopropyl amide of l2.hydroaty~ic acid, and combinations thereof. Moat prtfxted is iZ-hydroxysmaric acid.
Suimbie amide gdlaats include disubsbitukd or branched mouoan,ide ~ellatrta, manosubstituted or branched diamide geilartts, triamide gallants, and combittatians dtereof.
exchtding the n-scyl amino acid derivatives seketod front the group consisting of n-aryl amino acid epodes, n-aryl amino acid esters prepared from glutttmic acid, lysitt~ giumutitse, apartic acid, and combinatinos therroof, and which are specifically dixlosed in U.S. Patent 5,429.816.
Preferrzd amide gallants for use herein include alkyl amides of di- and/or aib~ie rasbaxytie acids or anhydrides, concentrations of which are preferably Eton, abort 0.1 x to abos<t 25%, prieferably of f~ abo4t 1'G to about I S%, more preferrtbly from about 1 "yt, to about IOyo, by weight of the composition.

JUN-17-1999 02:08 P&G PRTENT ITC CINN 513 627 6333 P.016i127 WO 98/29950 ~ 1'CTIUS971T3691 is Alkyl amides suitable for use in the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions herein include those which conform to the formula:
R O R
~ 9 l~ l 5 R I- C ' ---C -N .-- R Z

R 3 X -Y -Z -~-R d O
II
R" C.,~C -r1 --R
( R

wherein a backbone is formed from the linkage of C'. C" and X and wherein a) R I is nil, hydroxy, hydrogen, aryl, siloxane or saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, blanched or cyclic chain Cl-C~ alkyl, CI-C~ alkenyl, C1.C~ alkoxy, C!-C~ alytyl esters, C I -C~ aUtyl ethers, or C 1-C22 alkyl substituted aryl, preferably C4-C 18 alkyl, C4-C 18 alkenyl, C4-C 1 g aikoxy, C4-C I 8 alkyl esters. C4..C 1 g alkyl ethers. or C4-C 1 g alkyl substituted aryl, more preferably C I Z-C 18 alkyl. C 12-C 18 alkenyl, C 12-C 1 g atkaxy, C I 2-C 18 alkyl esters, C 12 ~ 18 ~Yl bets. or C 12-C 18 alkyl substituted aryl;
b) R2, R4, RS and R6 are independently or together, hydrogen, hydroxy, aryl, siklxada or saturated or unsaturated. sub~ituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain CI-C~ alkyl, C1-C22 alkenyl. C 1-C~ alkoxy. C 1-C~ alkyl esters, C 1-C~ alkyl ethers, or C 1-C22 dlkY! substituted aryl, preferably C4-C 10 eikyl. C4-C 10 alkenyl. C4-C 14 alkoxY, C4-C l0 alkyl esters. C4-C Z O slltYl ethers, or C4-C10 alkyl substituted aryl, more prefert~bly C4~g sikyl, C4-Cg aUtdiYl, C4-C8 alkoxy, C4.Cg alkyl esters, C4-Cg alkyl ethers, yr C4-C8 alkyl substituted aryl;
c) R3 is nil. bydroxy, hyd:ogen, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or uasubatituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain Cl-C4 alkyl, Cl-C4 alkenyl. CI-C4 aikoxy, Cl-C4 aUtyi esoas or Cl-C4 alkyl bas. preferably a Cl-C4 alkoxy, hydroxy or hyd~ett, mots preferably a hydcoxy or hYd~:
d) RY apd Rg at~s iudapendtntly or together, ail, hydrogen. hydcoxy, aryl, silOxsne or saturated or uasa0tratad, substltttted ar unsubstktrted, straight, brenclted or cyclic chain Ct-C~ alkyl, CI-C~
alkettyl. Cl-CU alkoxy, Ct-C~ alkyl esters, C!-C~ alkyl ethers, or CI-C~ alkyl substituted aryl. preferably C4-C 1 p alkyl. C4.C l0 alkanyt, C4-C I Q alkoxy. C4-C 14 alkyl ester, C4-G 10 aUtyl ethers, or C4.C10 alkyl subatitutsd aryl, mute preferably C4-Cg alkyl, C4-Cg alkenyl, C4-Cg a~°xy, C4'C8 alkY! ~. C4-Cg alkyl ether:, or C4-Cg slltyl substituted aryl;
Rq is nil or hydrogen, >~ Rl0 and RI1 are independently or tag~a~. nil, hydrogen, hycltoxy, aryl, siIox~ta or sattuatod ar unsaturated, suttsti~uud or unsubs:itutW, straight, branched ar cyclic chain Ct-C6 alkyl, CI-C6 .SUN-1 f-1JJ'J t'G~ VJt3 rtSU rH I tfV l W. L-11VN >1J bG f b.5J..5 r. lJl f~lG!
. PCT/US97/2369I
t5 alkenyl. CI-Cb alkoxy, Cl-C6 alkyl esters, CI-C6 alkyl ethers, or Ct-C6 alkyl substituted aryl.
preferably C 1-C,r alkyl. C l-Ca alkcnyl. C 1-C4 alkoxy, C 1-C4 alkyl esters, C 1-C4 alkyl ethers. C 1-Ca alkyl substituted aryl or hydrogen, more preferably a hydrogen;
g) X is nil, nitrogen, aryl or ~H2~n where n is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably ~f1?~n where n is an integer from 1 to 3;
h) Y is nil, acy! or carbonyl:
i) 2 is nil, hydtogen, hydroxy, aryl, siloxatre, nitrogen or saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain C1-C~~ alkyl, C1-CU alkenyl, C1-C22 alkoxy, C1-C~2 alkyl esters, Cl-CZ~ alkyl ethers. or Cl-CZZ alkyl substituted aryl, preferably G4-Cl0 alkyl. C4-C 10 alkenyl, CQ-C 10 alkoxy, C4fi 10 alkyl esters, C4-C l0 alkyl ethers, or C4-C 10 alkyl substintted aryl, more preferably CQ-Cg alkyl, C4~g alkenyl, C4-Cg alkoxy, C4-Cg alkyl esters, C4-Cg alkyl others, or C4-Ca alkyl substitttned aryl; and j) "a" is a double or single bond provided:
(i) when X is nit, Y, Z. R3. R~ and Rg are rlil, C' is bonded directly to C"
and R1 is not a hydrogen;
(ii) when X and Z are not nil and Y is nil, X is directly bonded to Z;
(iii) when Z is nil, a hydrogen or a hydroxy. R~ and Rg aer tril; and (iv) when "a" is a double band. R3 and R9 acle nil.
Alkyl amides of di- and eri-basic carboxylic acids or anhydrides suitable for use in the atrtiperspiratet gel-solid stick, composition include alkyl atnide~6 of citric acid, triearballylie acid, aeonitic acid, nitrilotsiacetic acid, succinie acid arrd itsconic acid such as 1~.3-pt~t~ne tributylamide. 2-hydroxy-~b~Y~, l-prvperthl,2,3-trioctylamide, N,N',N"-tri(ttcetodeoylamir~e~tnine, 2-dodecyl-N.N'.dibexyb.trexirta:lride, and Z dodccyl-N.N'-dibutyisuecinamide.
Preferred art: alkyl atttides of di-earbpxylir; acids such as di-amides of alkyl suerinic acids, aiktnyl sucautie acids, alkyl succittic anhydrides and alkenyl stuxiaic urlrydrides, mode ptefaably 2-dodacyl-N,N'-di butyisuccmataide.
T6c alkyl amide gelling agents, prefia~bly. have apposlng and substantislly parallel tetrninal chaias attending outward from the geDing agent backbone. It is believed that this spacisl arrangement, or "tuning fork" structural contiguraaian, facilitates the formstiop of necwa'ks e~eatial to the forntulation of gel or gei.solid adck coatposidio~ns. By the phrase "tunins fork configtna~t~, to used herein means any configuration treseatblitrg art article or impktrrdtt !laving a 6aadle portion which exttnds longitudinally at oae end to form two prongs. It is also prefersed that the termitrall chains be linked to the gelling agent batkbotre by merits of acyl-amide lQtkagas w4etuht the aryl portion of the aoyl-amide liakage is directly attached to the gellatg ant backboere.
The alkyl amides gellants may be synthesized using eider of the following one or two step rtaiction protxdttr,es. The ooe step procedure involves direct arnidatian of the di- or tri-basic organic acid ar anhydride with the appsopriate alkyl amine under reaction tempernttres typically at or ttsar the boiling JUN-17-1999 02:18 P&G PATENT ITC CINN 513 627 6333 P.018i127 WO 98JZ'7I150 ~ PCT/LIS97!?369I

point of the alkyl amine, preferably from about 30°C to about 200°C, followed by removal of excess attune. Certain reactions, do to their exothermic nature, may not require external heating_ The alkyl amides gallants may also be synthesized using a two step procedure which involves tsterifcation of the di~ or tri-basic organic acid or anhydride with methanol using a boron trifluoride or other Lewis Acid catalyst at a temperature of from about 30°C to about 100°C followed by removal of the excess methanol and catalyst. 'fire resulting trimethyi ester is then amidated as described in the one step process above usit7g the appropriate alkyiamine followed by removal of excess amine. The alkyl amides ate preferably non-poiytneric.
These solid non-polymeric gallants described hersit7 are especially effective when used in combination with select anhydrous carriers such as volatile silicones, especially volatile eyclomethieone.
These gallants ate most preferably used in combination with a liquid carrier comprising a volatile silicone and a non-volatile silicone (e.g., non-volatile dimethicones of other organofunctionaJ siloxanes well known in the art) and/or a non-volatile organic carrier. _ f trod ettantom ' f'referrrd solid non-polymeric gellttttts for ass herein include those enantomeric compounds or macsriais containing at hit one asyrru»etric (chiral) ca:tiott atom. Non-limiting examples of These prcfsned ena<ttomeric gallants include 12-hydtvttystaaric acid, other ttydtmcy acids such as alpha hydroay acids. cltose~ols. Ianolm, and derivative therooi It has been found that thex pmfartd enacttomaric gtllattts. when used itt the anhydrous antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions herein, provide dse composition with the requisite product hae~ss, visrbk t~esidtm iztdex values Geld Theological propenja (G' / G"). It is believes that these enansottteric gellattts aro especially dive in famitfg one-dimetuionel elongated particles in the form of f latnerns, fibrib or s~ which are itttertwared or twisted to form a stable.
three-dimensions) crystalline maaix io the gel-solid sompos>:iott. These elongated particles have ao aspect ratio of greii~ than about 2.
Pt'a~abh!~thaw about b. It is believed drat these $ellartts fono elongated crystalline paRieles that result is s stable etyseallme mauix that, in part becatsss of the small size and elongated morphology of these pftttitles, cause less xof light when applied to the skin in the antiperspirant composition, which then tduks in bw visible tisidue after sash appliextion.
~~~c~ moroholy The solid noapolynteric gellatrts for use herein include those- aysmlliae-gelhtnts that inhetbntly form. of cart be formulated ot~ otherwise tttade to forte. elan~ted crystalline particles having an aspect ratio gar t6ap about 2. preferably greaar than about 6. 'Ibex ~longatod crystals pe~eferably have an av~Be particle size as m~tccd along a minor axis of the elongated trysml of less than 1 lrtu. mare JUN-17-1~'~'~ d2~d'~ r~.V NHfEN~ I f(: ~fNN 51~ b~'~ b.5.3.5 r'.dl~il~~
WO 98r17950 PCTIUS9'712369I

preferably, less than about O.~i ftm, even more preferably less than about 0.3 Vim. most preferably from about 0,3 ~m to about 0.001 um_ The eel-solid stick compositions containing these preferred elongated crystals can be prepared by methods described herein, or by methods otherwise known in the formulation art for formulating gel matrices comprising these elongated crystalline particles.
The "aspect ratio" as used harem to define preferred embodiments of the gel-solid stick compositions herein can be determined by measuring or otherwise determining the ratio of the length of the major axis of the crystalline particles to the length of the minor axis of the crystalline particles. This Length ratio of the major to minor axis is characterized as the aspect ratio referred to herein. The aspect ratio can be determined by conventional or otherwix known light or electron microscopy methods, wherein the crystalline particles are measured for major and minor axis dimensions, or are otherwise observed by such methat~ to clearly have an apparent elongated crystalline structure with an aspect ratio sttbstantialiy greater than about 2. Pref~biy greater than about 6.
It hue been found that thex crystalline gallants having the select aspect ratios defined herein, provide the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions a three-dimensional crystalline structure that can provide the composition with the requisite low residue performance, elastic to viscous ntoduii ratio, and product hardness as defined herein. It is believed that this Qystailitte morphology is especially effective in providing a crystalline maaix within the composition ttfat provides for a strong interlocking gel-solid matrix network but which also comprises crystalline particles that are sufficiently small in size so as to contribute minimally to visible residue when applied topically to the skin.
1t has also been found that the preferred crystailinc matrix helps provide the gel-solid stick corttpasitions with a meh profile that tributes to low residue perfotroattce.
This preferred melt profile rrfers to the tetttpdaon~e at which the antiperspirant gel~solid stick composition begins to malt, and the temperature range Wiithio which the composition is completrty melted, except for any dispersed antiperspisaut partietslatcs err other high tt~hittg point compon~. The temperatu:t at which the composition begins to malt is determined by measuring a Differeptial Scanning Catosirrreter (DSC) onset trmp~ tse~t e. 'ilea tempera~ss range within which the composition is cotapletely srteited is daaminod by no additional heat infusion. Preferred embodi:rtmtts of the gel-solid stick compositions her~eia have a DSC
onset tempetaptre of front about 25°C to about 85°C, preferably from about 27°C t0 about 65°C, more preferably froth about 30°C oo about 60°C, avert more preferably from about 35°C to about SO°C. These prefaced coptpositions having the ~sekct melt profile provide improved cosmetics or aesthetics when appiiad topit~lly to the skin, and especially prpvide reduced fearing of was, stickiness or product Mess during and intmediaeely after app4otion. The select melt pto~le also helps to f~ reduce the visible residue index of the cotttposition, thus further improving lower residue paformaace.
~dimer to monmmer ratio The solid non-polymeric sellant of the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions herein preferably comprise a fatty acid gellant having a select dimer-to-monomer ratio. The fatty acid eellants having the requisite dimer-to-monomer ratio may be used alone or in combination with an additional or secondary gellant in the composition. The select dimer-to-monomer ratio helps provide the gel-solid stick compositions herein with improved low residue performance, efficacy and aesthetics, and especially provides for improved low residue performance and improved product hardness.
The fatty acid geliants in the antiperspirant gel-solid stick composition, when used in combination with an additional or secondary gellant, has a select dimer-to-monomer ratio of from about l:l to about ?5:1, preferably from about 1.5:1 to about 25:1, more preferably from about 2.5:1 to about 20:1, even more preferably from about 3:1 to about 10:1. The higher dimer-to-monomer ratios are preferred.
The dimer-to-monomer ratio of the fatty acid gellant can be determined by methods or techniques known in the formulation arts, including infrared methods such as Fourier Transform lnfared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. Such methods are disclosed in The Injared Spectra of Complex Molecules, L.J.
Bellamy, 2nd Edition, 1958, Introduction to Injared and Rarnan Spectroscopy, N.B. Colthup, et. al., 3rd Edition, 1990, and Fourier Transform lnfared Spectroscopy, P.R. Griffiths, et.al., 1986.
In accordance with such methods or techniques, fatty acids are usually characterized by their carbonyl stretching frequencies which are measured as absorption bands between 1740 cm-1 and 1680 cm-1. The fatty acid gellant of the antiperspirant composition of the present invention comprises fatty acid dimers and fatty acid monomers which are components of the carbonyl absorption band. However, due to the formation of hydrogen bonded dimers, the fatty acid, dimer component can be shifted as far as 30 cm-1 frequencies lower than the fatty acid monomer frequency.
By use of infrared spectra data, the dimer-to-monomer ratio is determined by calculating the ratio of the peak area of the hydrogen bonded dimer second derivative band near 1696 cm-1 to the peak area of the fatty acid monomer second derivative band near 1712 cm-1. In accordance with the following methodology, an infrared spectra is recorded using a 45° ZnSe Attenuated Total Reflectance ("ATR"
herein) crystal and a horizontal ATR apparatus (available from Spectra Tech, Inc., Shelton, Connecticut, U.S.A.) auached to a Nicolet 20sex FTIR Spectrometer. The Nicolet 20scx FTIR
Spectrometer is available from Nicolet Instrument Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A.. The Nicolet 205scx FTIR
Spectrometer is equipped with a narrow band mercury cadmium Telluride detector whereby an average of 256 scans are co-added to generate the infrared spectra. The infrared spectra is then imported into a computer software pmgram such as GRAMS/386 (available from Galactic Industries Corporation, Salem, New Hampshire, U.S.A.) to calculate the dimer-to-monomer ratio using a 5 point second derivative algorithm which is a mathematical procedure defined by Savitsky-Golay.
The requisite diner-to-monomer ratio may be established with the fatty acid gellants described herein, which includes alpha-hydroxy fatty acids and fatty acids having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms, examples of which include 12-hydroxystearic acid, l2-hydroxylauric acid, 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid, behenic acid, eurcic acid, stearic acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, isostearic acid, and combinations thereof. Examples of some suitable fatty acid gellanu are described in U.S. Patent
5.139,816, issued to Hofrichter et al, on July 4, 1995; and U.S. Patent 5,552,136, issued to Motley on September 3, 1996, Most preferred is 12-hydroxystearic acid.
The requisite dimer-to-monomer ratio may also be established with the fatty acid geliancs described herein in combination with an additional or secondary gellant, wherein the molar ratio of the fatty acid gellant to the additional or secondary gellant is from about 1:2 to about 20:1, preferably from about 1:1 to about 10:1, more preferably from about 2:1 to about 7:1, and even more preferably from about 3:1 to about 5:1. One of average skill in the chemical or formulation arts can formulate these fatty acid gellant systems to control or otherwise obtain the desired ratio. The additional or secondary gellants suitable for use in formulating the requisite dimer-to-monomer ratio include the other solid non-polymeric gellants described herein.
Anhydrous Liauid carrier The anhydrous antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the prcsem invention comprise an anhydrous carrier which is liquid under ambient conditions, and which contains a modified silicone carrier selected from the group consisting of poiyalkylsiioxanes, polyalkyarylsiloxanes, polyestersiloxanes, polyethersiloxane copolymers, polyfluorosiloxanes, polyaminosiloxanes, and combinations thereof.
Concentrations of the anhydrous liquid carrier in the gel-solid stick composition will vary primarily with the type and amount of the anhydrous liquid carrier, the solid non-polymeric gellant, and the solubility of the solid non-polymeric gellant in the anhydrous liquid carrier.
Preferred concentrations of the anhydrous liquid carrier are from about 10% to about 80%, preferably from about 30% to about TO%, more preferably from about 45% to about TO%, by weight of the composition.
Concentrations of the modified silicone carrier component of the anhydrous liquid carrier is from about 0.1% to about 80%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 50%, more preferably from about 1% to about 20%, arid even more preferably from about 1 % to about 10%, by weight of the antiperspirant gel-solid stick composition.
The anhydrous liquid carrier preferably comprises one or more other carrier liquids other than and in addition to the modified silicone carriers described herein. These other carrier liquids should be suitable for topical application to human skin, and may include organic or silicone-containing or fluorine-containing, volatile or non-volatile, polar or non-polar, carrier liquids, provided that the resulting anhydrous liquid~carrier forms a solution or other homogenous liquid or liquid dispersion with the selected non-polymeric gellant at the selected gellant concentration at a tempetattur of from about 28°C to about 250°C, preferably from about 28°C to about 100°C, preferably from about 28°C to about T8°C.

7~
The anhydrous liquid carrier has a solubility parameter of from about 3 to about 13 (cal/cm3)o.a, preferably from about 5 to about 1 I (cal/cm3)ov, more preferably from about 5 to about 9 (caUcm3)o.5.
Solubility parameters for the liquid carriers or other materials, and means for determining such parameters, are well known in the chemical arts. A description of solubility parameters and means for determining them are described by C.D. Vaughan, "Solubility Effects in Product, Package, Penetration and Preservation" 103 Cosmetics and Toiletries 47-69, October 1988; and C. D.
Vaughan, "Using Solubility Parameters in Cosmetics Formulation", 36 J. Soc. Cosmetic Chemists 319-333, September/October, 1988.
These modified silicone carriers for use in the antiperspirant gel-solid stick composition must be liquid under ambient conditions, and have a viscosity of less than about 100,000 centistokes, preferably less than about 500 centistokes, more preferably from about 1 centistoke to about 50 centistokes, and even more preferably from about 1 centistoke to about 20 centistokes. These modified silicone carriers are generally known in the chemical arts, some examples of which are described in 1 Cosmetics, Science and Technology 27-104 (M. Balsam and E. Sagarin ed. 1972); U.S. Patent 4,202,879, issued to Shelton on May 13, 1980; U.S. Patent 5,069,897, issued to Orr on December 3, 1991. ' The modified silicone carriers suitable for use in the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions include, but are not limited to, compounds or materials as defined hereinabove and which are generally characterized as follows: silicone polyethers or silicone glycols (such as dimethicone copolyol); silicone alkyl-linked polyethers (such as Goldschmidt EM-90 or EM-97); siloxane surfactants of a pendant/rake/comb configuration, silicone surfactants of a trisiloxane configuration, and silicone surfactants of an ABA/alpha-omega block copolymers (such as polyoxyalkylenes, polyoxyethylene or ethoxyiated, polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropyiene or ethoxylated/propoxylated);
aromatic substituted silicone emollients (such as phenyl, alpha-methyl styryl, styryl, methylphenyl, alkylphenyl); silicone copolymers with other functional groups include: hydrogen, alkyl, methyl, amino, trifluoropropyl, vinyl, aUcoxy, arylalkyl, aryl, phenyl, styryl, polyethers, esters, carboxylics;
alkylmethyl siloxanes or silicone waxes (such as hexyl, octyl, lauryl, cetyl, stearyl); nonionic functional siloxane copolymers with tettttinal groups being silanol or trimetltylsiloxy; nonionic functional siloxanes with backbone groups being trisiloxane or methicone linked; nonionic silicone surfactants;
tetraethoxysilane; tetramethoxysilane;
hexamethoxysilicone; oxmethoxytrisiloxane; silicone emulsifiers; silicone or siloxane resins, alkyl silicone resins, polyoxyalkylene silicone resins; MQ Resins such as Shiseido/Shin-etsu ,e.g. Japanese Patent Publication JP86143760 or from Walker Chem. 6MBH (described in EP722970); alkoxysiloxanes;
alkoxysilanes; methicones (polymethylalkylsiloxanes); and combinations thereof.
Noniimiting examples of suitable modified silicone carritrs for use in the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions herein include the following modified silicones available from Dow Corning: DC-556 Cosmetic Gnde Fluid (phenyl aimethicone); DC-704 Diffusion Pump Fluid (Tetramethyl-Tetraphenyl-.JUN-1'r-1'~'~'~ l~J~: ld r2S.l.a NH I ~N I 1 I ~. LLNN 51.5 bG l b.5.5..3 r'.I~GJiIG'~
WO 98/2950 - PCT/ITS9'7/2369i Trisiloxane): DC-705 Diffusion Pump Fluid: DC-178~t Emulsion; DC-AF Emulsion:
DC-152p-U5 Emulsion: OC-593 Fluid (Dimethicone (and] Trimethylsiloxysilicate); DC-332SC
Fluid (Cyclomethicone [and] DimethiCOne Copolyol); DC-190 Fluid (Dimethicone Copotyol); DC-193 Fluid {Dimethicone Copolyol); DC-1401 (Cyclomethicone [and] Dimethiconol); DC-SZpO Fluid (Lauryimethicone Copolyol);
DC-6603 Polymer Powder; DC-5640 Powder; DC-Q2-5220 (Dimethicone Copolyol); bC

(Dimethicone Copolyol); DC-2501 Cosmetic Wax (Dimethicone Copolyol); DC-2502 Fluid (Cety1 Dimethicone); DC-2503 Wax (Stearyl Dimethicone); DC-1731 Volatile Fluid {Caproyl Trimethicone);
DC-580 Wax (Stearoxytrimethylsilarte [and] Stearyl Alcohol): DC-I-3563 (Dimethiconal); DC-X2-1286 (Dimethiconol); DC-X2-1146A (Cylcomethicone [andJ pimethiconol); DC.8820 Fluid (Amino functionalized); DC QS-0ISBA wax (stearoxytrimethylsilane); DC-Q2-8220 (Trimethylsilylamodimethioone); DC-7224 (Trimethylsilylamodimethicone); DC-JC2-1318 Fluid (Cyclomethicone jand] Vinyidimethicone); DC-QFl-3S93A fluid (Trirttethylsiloxysilicate) and combinations thereof.
Other nonfimiting examples of suitable modified silicone carriers for use in the antiperspaant gel-solid stick compositions hertin include the following modified silicones available from General EleC:tie:
GE SF-1023 (Dimethyi-biphenyl-Siloxane); GE CF-1142 {Methylphenyl Siloxane Fluid): GE SF-1153 (Dimethyl-biphenyl-Siloxane); GE SF-1265 {biphenyl-Dimethyl-Siioxane); GE
SF~1328; GE SF-1188 (Dimethicone copolyoi); G$ SF-1188A (Silicone polyether exspolymer); GE SF-1288 (silicone poiyether copolymer, dimethyl-methyl 3-hydroxypropyl ethoxylattd): GE SF~1318 (Methylester Siloxane); GE SF-1328 (silicone surfactant, dimethyl-methyl 3-hydroxypropyl echoxylated-propoxylated); GE SF-1550 (mtthylphenyl siloxane, hntamethyi-3-phenyl-3-[[trimethylsiiyl]oxyjtrisiloxane); GE SF-1632 (silicone wax): GE S5-4267 (Dimethicone [and] Trimetbylsiioxysilieate) and combinations ehoreof.
Other nonlimiting examples of suitable modified silicone c~rtiets for use in the antiperspirant gei-soiid stick campositio~ns heaeis include the following modified silicones available frost Goldscbtnidt: Abil EM-90 {silicme emulsifta); Abil EM.97 (poiyether siloxane): Abil Wax 9810 (silicone wax or C24-28 metbicone)c Abii Wax 2434 (Stearoxy Dimaiticone); Abi1 Wax 9800p (Steatyl Dimethicone); Tegomer H-Si 21 i 1, H-Sl 23 l 1, A-Si ~ 120, A-Si 2320, C-Si 214 i _ C-Si 2341, E-Si Z 130, E-Si 2330, V-Si 2150, V-5i 2350, H~Si 6420, H-Si 6440, H-Si 6460 (AIpbarpmega Dimetbieorte Copolymers) and combinations then eof.
Otba nonlimiting acampies of suiaabk modified silicone: carriers for use in the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions herein inchtde ttx following: Masi) 756 from PPG
Industries (Tettabutoxypropyi Trisiloxane); bis-phettylhexasaexhicone (available as Silbiotte Oils ?0633 V30 From Rhone-Poulestc);
Silbierne Ails 70646 (dimethicone copolyols from Rhone-Poulcnc); Silicone L.711. L-720, L-T21 and L722 (dimethiconr copolyots from union Carbide); silicone L-7000. L-7001. L-7002. L-7004, L-7500, L-7600, L-7602, L-7604, L-7605. sad L-7610 (dirrtethiooaa copolyols from Uaioet Carbide): Unisil SF-R

(dimethiconol from UPl); Silicate Cluster from Olin (Tris[tributoxysiloxy]methylsilane); silicone copolymer F-754 (dimethicone copoly from SWS Silicones); and combinations thereof.
The anhydrous liquid carrier preferably comprises a volatile silicone carrier in combination with the modified silicone carrier. These volatile silicone carriers may be cyclic, linear or branched chain silicones having the requisite volatility defined herein. Non-limiting examples of suitable volatile silicones are described in Todd et al., "Volatile Silicone Fluids for Cosmetics", Cosmetics and Toiletries, 91:27-32 (1976). Preferred among these volatile silicones are the cyclic silicones having from about 3 to about 7, more preferably from about 4 to about 5, silicon atoms. Most preferably are those which conform to the formula:
~ H3 Si-I

n wherein n is from about 3 to about 7, preferably from about 4 to about 5, most preferably 5. These volatile cyclic silicones generally have a viscosity value of less than about 10 centistokes. Ali viscosity values described herein are measured or determined under ambient conditions, unless otherwise specified.
Suitable volatile silicones for use herein include, but are not limited to, Cyclomethicone D-5 (commercially available from G. E. Silicones); Dow Coming 344, and Dow Corning 345 (commercially available from Dow Coming Corp.); GE 7207, GE 7158 and Silicone Fluids SF-1202 and SF-1173 (available from General Electric Co.): SWS-03314, SWS-03400, F-222, F-223, F-230, F-251 (available from SWS Silicones Corp.); Volatile Silicones 7158, 7207, 7349 (available from Union Carbide); Masil SF-V ( available from Mazer) and combinations thereof.
The anhydrous liquid carrier may also comprise a non-volatile silicone carrier in combination with the modified silicone carriers described hereinbefore. These non-volatile silicone carriers arc preferably linear silicones which include, but are not limited to, those which conform to either of the formulas:
iHs i 'H3 ~CH3 CH3- ii-O ii-O ii-CH3 or wherein n is greater than or equal to 1. These linear silicone materials will generally have viscosity values of up to about 100,000 centistoke, preferably less than about 500 centistoke, more preferably from about 1 centistoke to about 200 centistoke, even more preferably from about 1 centistoke to about 50 centistoke, as measured under ambient conditions. Examples of non-volatile, linear silicones suitable for use in the antiperspirant compositions include, but are not limited to, Dow Corning 200, hexamethyldisiloxane, Rhodorsil Oils 70047 available from Rhone-Poulenc, Masil SF Fluid available from Mazer, Dow Corning 3?~. Dow Corning 1732, Dow Corning 573?, Dow Corning 5750 (available from Dow Corning Corp.);
SF-96. SF-1066 and SF18(350) Silicone Fluids (available from G.E. Silicones);
Velvasil and Viscasil (available from General Electric Co.); and Silicone L-45, Silicone L530.
Silicone L-53 i (available from Union Carbide), and Siloxane F-221 and Silicone Fluid SWS-101 (available from SWS Silicones).
'The anhydrous liquid carrier may further comprise, but is preferably substantially free of, oceanic, water-immiscible, polar liquid carriers or solvents in combination with the modified silicone carrier. It has been found that the antiperspirant and deodorant efficacy of the gel-solid stick compositions are improved by minimizing or eliminating the amount or concentration of these polar, organic, water-immiscible, liquid carriers or solvents in the composition. In this context, the term "substantially free" means that the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions preferably contain less than 7%, more preferably less than about 3%, even more preferably zero percent, by weight of an organic, water-immiscible, polar liquid carrier or solvent. These organic polar solvents are liquid under ambient conditions and include mono and polyhydric alcohols, fatty acids, esters of mono and dibasic carboxylic acids with mono and polyhydric alcohols, polyoxyethylenes, polyoxypropylenes, polyalkoxylates ethers of alcohols, and combinations thereof, provided that such solvents are also water-immiscible liquids under ambient conditions. Examples of some organic, water-immiscible, polar liquid carriers or solvents are described in Cosmetics, Science, and Technology, Vol. 1, 27-104, edited by Balsam and Sagarin (1972); U.S.
Patent 4,202,879 issued to Shelton on May 13, 1980; and U.S. Patent 4,816,261 issued to Luebbe et al. on March 28, 1989.
The anhydrous liquid carrier may also comprise an anhydrous, water-miscible, polar organic liquid carrier or solvent in combination with the modified silicone carrier, examples of which include short chain alcohols such as ethanol. These and other polar organic carriers or solvents can be used as co-soivents for the solid non-polymeric gellant component of the antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions herein. Non-limiting examples of polar co-solvents suitable for use herein are described in U.S. Patent 5,429,816.
Other suitable polar co-solvents include those described hereinabove, which are preferably water-immiscible organic solvents, and other co-solvents such as phthalate co-solvents, benmate co-solvents, cinnamate esters, secondary alcohols, benryl acetate, phenyl alkane and combinations thereof.
The anhydrous liquid carrier may also comprise other non-polar carriers in combination with the modified silicone carrier. Examples of such other non-polar carriers include mineral oil, petrolatum, isohexadecane, isododecane, various hydrocarbon oils such as the Isopar or Norpar series available from Exxon Corp. or Permethyl series available from Persperse, and any other polar or non-polar, water-miscible, organic carrier liquid or solvent known or otherwise safe and ef~'ective for topical application to human skin.
The anhydrous liquid carrier may also comprise fluorochemicals in addition to or in place of the modified silicone carrier. 'These fluorochemicals include fluorosurfactants, fluorotelemers, and JUN-17-1999 4~2:11 P&G PHTENT ITC LINN 51.3 627 6333 N.b26i127 WO 98/2'1930 ~ PCT/US97/Z3691 perfluoropolyethers, some examples otwhich are described in Cosmetics &
Toiletries. Using Fluorinated Compounds in Topical preparations, Vol. t I 1, pages 47-62. (Oct. 1996) which description is incorporated herein by reference. More specific examples of such liquid carriers include.
but are not Limited to.
perfluoropoiymethyl isopropyl ethers, perfluoropolypropylethers, acrylamide fluorinated telomer, fluorinated amide surfactants, pertluorinated thiol surfactants. Other more specific examples include, but are not limited to, the polyperfluoroisopropyl ethers available from Dupont Performance Chemicals under the trade name Fluortress ~ Pl:pE oils, and the series fluorosurfactants from Dupoht Performance Chemicals under the trade name Zonyl ~ Ftuorosurfactsnts.
O ti al Nnel~ ti A eat Y'tte antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the present invtntion preferably further comprises a nucleating agent ')'he nucleating agent is used to minimize gellam particle size, andlor for obtaining the preferred gellant particle s:aorpltology described herein.
T'he nucleating agent for use in the antiperapiram composition of the present invention must be a solid material under ambient conditions and have I ) a melting point roar the melting point of the selected geltant, 2) a solubility ire the anhydrous liquid carrier that is legs than the solubility of the solid non-polymeric gellant in the anhydrous liquid taer'ter, or 3) be in the form of an inorganic, insoluble.
micronized particulate. Examples of suitable nucleating agents are described hercinaRer.
The concentruion of the nucieatiteg agent in the composition is typically from about O.OOOi% to about S'Y., preferably from about 0.001% to,about 2'~i,, more preferably from about 0.01'Yo to about 1%, wherein the molar ratio of the solid non-polymeric gellant to the nucleating agent is from about 10:1 to about 1000:1, preferably fin about 10:1 to about 100:1. Preferred nucleating agents are those having a melt point of from about 40°C below to about 200°C above, more preferably from abort ZO~C below to about 100°C above, tJtt melting ppi>at of the selecud solid non-polymeric gellarst.
The aneiperspirant coeepositions containing the nucleatistg agent are preferably prepared by I) combining the solid non-polymeric gellaret, anltydeous liquid carrier need a nucleating agent as described ~~. Z) batting ct>rapaneats of the combination of components to form a solution or other homogeaeoua liquid or liquid dispersion, and 3) solidifying the combination of components by cooling the combination to below the solidifcatien poirn of the solid rton~poiytneric geltant to form the aatipesspirant composition of the pnaent invention. During Ibis process, the solid non-polymeric gallant is preferably nleitcd or otheswix liquefied, end then allowed to solidify in the presence of the anhydrous liquid carrier and the nucleating agent. Also du~tg~ this process, the nucleating agent is typically melted or otherwise liquefied (except for mieroseized, inorganic nucleating agents), and then in the presence of the anhydrous liquid carrier and tito melted or liquefied gallant. the tiquifeed nucleating agent crystallizes, gels or odeerwise solidifies and acts as a send or nucleus to promote formation of small gallant nuclei du~tg the crystallizaciote of the geltsnt in the anhydrov: liquid carries.

JUN-1'7-lU'~'j d~~1~ h'~SL~ I-'H~tNI f I(.. lrlNN 51.5 b~7 fb.3..5.5 N.1J~7~1~'~
wo 9s~zrno . pC~rms~n3~1 The nucleating agent for use in the antiperspirant compositions include fatty alcohols, esters of fatty alcohols. ethoxylated fatty alcohofs, esters or ethers of fatty acids including waxes, and triglycerides, silica. titanium dioxide, solid polyol carboxylic acid polyesters, and mixtures thereof.
Suitable fatty alcohols for use as nucleating agents include monohydric alcohols, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, and fatty alcohol esters. Specific examples of commercially available fatty alcohol nucleating agents include, but are not limited to, Unilin 550, Unilin 700, Unilin 435, Uniiin 400, Unilin 350, and Unifin 325. all supplied by Petrolite. Suitable ethoxylated fatty alcohols include, but are not limited, Unithox 325, Unithox 400, and Unithox 450, Unithox 480, Unfthox 520, Unithox 550, Unithox 720. Unfthox 750, all of which are available from Peuolite. Non-limiting examples of suitable esters of fatty alcohols include tri-isoscearyl citrate, ethyieneglycol di-i2-hydroxystearate, tristearylcitrate, stearyl octanoate, stearyl heptanoate, triiaurylcftrate.
Suitable fatty acid esters for use as nucleating agents include ester waxes, mpnoglyt:erides, diglyceridn, triglycttrides and mixtures thereof. Prefen~ed are the glyoeride esters. Non-limiting examples of suitable ester waxes include sleety! steante, stearyl behartata, palmityl steatate, stearyl oetyldodecanol, rely! esters, cecearyl bettenate, behenyl behenate. ethylene glycol distearate, ethylene glycol dipalmitate, and beeswax. Examples of commercial ester waxes include K~r waxes from Koster Keunen, Crttdamol SS from Clods and Dttttalcact: SPS thorn Rhone Poukne.
Preferred triglyc~ide nucleating agents include. but are not limited to.
t:iscearin. ts~'behentue, beltenyl palmityl behenyl triglyceride, palmityl stearyi palmftyl triglyceride, hydrogenated vegetablt: oil.
hydrogenated rape seed oil,.catmr wax, fish oils. uspalmitee:. Syncrowax HRC
and Syncrowax HGL-C
(Syncrowatt is availabk from Crods, Inc.). Outer suitable glycerides include, but ate not limited to.
glyceryl stes<'ate and glyoayl distearate. ' Preferably, the nucleating agent is a solid polyol carboxylic acid polyester.
Suitable solid polyol carboxylic acid polyesters include those whidt are polyoi esters or polyesters wherein the carbeocylic acid ester groups of the poiyeester comprix a combination o~ (a) long chain uttsatu::utd carboxylic acid moieties as a mixtur>: of long chain unsatueated ~rboxylic acid moieties and short chain saturatod carboxylic acid moiaies, and (b) long chain sattuatcd carboxylic acid moiaies, the ratio of (a) to (b) biting lions sboc>: I to IS to about 2 to 1. At least about 15'Yo, preferably at least about 30~'iG, mote l~f~ably at knelt about So%, and most preferably at least about 60'% by weight of the total Carboxylic acid moieties of the polyesmrs are C20 or higher saturated carboxylic acid moieties. The long chain uttsadtrated carboxylic acid moieties are typically straight chain and contain at !asst about 12, ptsferably about l2 to shoo! 26r more preferably about 18 to about 22 whoa atoms. The most pr~eferrtd unsat,ceated carboxylic acids sre the C 18 mono and/or di unsaturated carboxylic acids. The short chain rattQated carboxylic acids are typically unbranched and contain about 2 to about !2. pt~ambly about 6 to about 12, and most preferably about 8 to about 12 carbon atoms. The long chain sao~a~ted carboxylic acids are typically straight chain and contain at least about 20, pref~abiy about 20 to about 26, and most .JUN-1 I-1'~'~'7 l~~~ 1~ I-'2Sh I-'H I tN I ( I ~.: C:1NN 51~ b~'~ 633.5 N.
l~~Ei/127 WO 98lZ'7950 ~ PCTIUS9'71'13691 zs preferably about 22 carbon atoms. The molar ratio of Group (a) catboxylic.
acid moieties to Group (b) carboxylic acid moieties in the polyester molecule is from about 1:15 to about 2:1, preferably about t:7 to about 5:3, and more preferably about l:7 to about 3:5. The average degree of esterification of these carboxylic acid esters is such that at least about 2 of the hydroxyl groups of the polyoi are esterified. In the case of sucrose polyesters from about 7 to about 8 of the hydroxyl groups of the polyol are preferably esterified. Typically, substantially all, e_g., at least about 85%, preferably at least about 95%, of the hydroxyl groups of the polyol arc esterified.
Preferred polyols of the solid polyol carboxylic acid esters are sugars, including mottosaccharides and disaccharides and ttisaccharides. containing from about 4 to about I I hydroxyl groups. Most prcfetred sugars are those which contain about 4 to about 8, more preferably about 6 to about 8 hydroxyl groups. Examples of thox containing four hydroxyl groups ate the monosaccharides xylose, arabittose, and combinations thereof. Suitable five hydroxyl group-containing polyois are the monosaccharides gaiactose, fructose, mattnosr, glucose, and eotnbenations theeaof. Examples of disaccharide polyols which cast be used include maltose, lactose, sucrose, and combinations thereof, all of which contain eight hydroxyl groups. The preferred polyoi is sucrose.
Examples of long chain unsatuttt:td carboxylic acid moieties include, bat are not limited to, (euroleste. ntytistoleate. pahnitoleate, oleate. elaidate, crucate, linoleate, linokna<e, arachidonate, eicosapentaentoate, and docosahexaenoate. For oxidative stability, the mono-and diunsaturated fatty acid moietits are pnfetred.
Exatnp>es of suitable short chain saturated carboxylic acid moieties include, but are not limited t0. acetate. caproate, caprylate, caprate, and lautaee.
Examples of suitable tong chain saturated carboxylic acid moieties include, but are not limited to. arachidate. bdfenaoe, ligno~ata, and cerotete.
Of court the hbg chain unsaturated carboxylic acid moieties can be used singly or in mixtures with each other ttr in mixtures with the Short chain saturated y~ tt,cid moieties, at al) proportions.
Likewise, t~ ~ ~ carboxylic acid moieties can be used is cotabination with each other in a!1 propoesuns. Mixed ~bOxyljo acid moieties from source oils which connin substantial amounts of the des~eQ tussatiuated or saatrated acids can Ix used as the acid moieties to prepare compounds fot use as nuclestistg agents barist_ The mixed carboxylic acids from the oils should contain at least about 30'/0, preferably at least about 50'y6, aad most preferably at least about 80% of the desired usssattsrated or saturated acids For example, rapeseed oil fatty acids air soybean oil fatty acids calf be used instead of pure C 12-C 16 unsasssrated fatty ytoid:. Hssrrdeaed, i.e. hydrogt~ high emcic rapeseed oil fatty acids c~ de 'teed ittstdd of pure CZO-C2b saturated acids, preferably the C20 and higher acids. or their derivatives, e.g. methyl or outer !ow alkyl esters, are concentrated for example by distillation. The fatty aids from pahtt kernel oil or coconut oil can be toed as a source of C8 to C
12 acids, M ,rxample of the use of source oils to make solid polyol polyesters for use in the antiperspirant compositions herein is the preparation of solid sucrose polyester, employing the fatty acids of high oleic sunflower oil and substantially completely hydrogenated high erucic rapeseed oil. When sucrose is substantially completely esterified with a 1:3 by weight blend of the methyl esters of the fatty acids of these two oils, the resulting sucrose polyester will have a molar ratio of unsaturated C18 acid radicals to C20 and higher saturated acid radicals of about 1:1 and about 28.6 weight percent of the total fatty acids in the polyester will be C22 fatty acids.
The higher the proportions of the desired unsaturated and saturated acids in the carboxylic acid stocks used in making the solid polyol polyester, the more efficient the ester will be in its ability to function as a nucleating agent.
Examples of solid poiyol carboxylic acid polyester nucleating agents for use in the antiperspirant composition herein include, but are not limited to, the octaester of raffinose in which the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are linoleate and behenate in a 1:3 molar ratio; the heptaester of maltose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are sunflower seed oil fatty acids and lignocerate in a 3:4 molar ratio; the octaester of sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties arc oleate and behenate in a 2:6 molar ratio; and the octaester of sucrose wherein the esterfying carboxylic acid moieties are laurate, linoleate and behenate in a 1:3:4 molar ratio. A preferred material is sucrose polyester in which the degree of esterification is 7-8, and in which the fatty acid moieties are C I
8 mono- and/or di-unsaturated and behenic, in a molar ratio of unsaturates:behenic of 1:7 to 3:5. A
particularly preferred polyol ester nucleating agent is the octaester of sucrose in which there are about ?
behenic fatty acid moieties and about 1 oleic moiety in the molecule.
The solid carboxylic acid polyesters herein can be made according to prior art known methods for preparing polyesters of polyols. See, for example U.S. Patent No.
5,306,516, to Letton et al., issued April 26, 1994; U.S. Patent No. 5,306,515, to Letton et al., issued April 26, 1994; U.S. Patent No.
5,305.514, to Letton et al., issued April 26, 1994; U.S. Patent No. 4,797,300, to Jandacek et al., issued January 10, 1989; U.S. Patent No. 3,963,699, to ltizzi et al., issued June 15, 1976; U.S. Patent No.
4,518,772, to Volpenhein, issued May 21, 1985; and U.S. Patent No. 4,517,360, to Volpenhein, issued May 21, 1985. - .
Suitable inorganic, micronized, non~solubilized nucleating agents for use in the antiperspirant compositions include materials such as silica, titanium dioxide and combinations thereof. These materials contain submicron particles (average particle size generally less than about 1 ftm) which aid in the production of small geilant crystals or particles.
Prcfetr~ nucleating agents, and preferred concentrations of the nucleating agents, for use in the antiperspirant compositions include C18 succinic acid (0.1%), 1,9-nonanedioc acid (0.1%), Teflon (0.1%), silica (0.1%), polysiloxane copolymer (2%), sucrose octabehenate (0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0%), Unilin 350 (0.1%), Unilin 550 (0.1%), Unilin 700 (0.1%) , trihydroxystearin (0.1%) and combinations thereof.

U,~iIOOHI COmD011tnt5 The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention may further comprise one or more optional components which may modify the physical, chemical or aesthetic characteristics of the compositions or serve as additional "active" components when deposited on the skin. The compositions may also further comprise optional inert ingredients. Many such optional materials are known in the antiperspirant art and may be used in the antiperspirant compositions herein, provided that such optional materials are compatible with the essential materials described herein, or do not otherwise unduly impair product performance.
Non-limiting examples of optional materials include active components such as bacteriostats and fungiostats, and "non-active" components such as colorants, perfumes, emulsifiers, chelants, distributing agenu, preservatives, residue masking agents, process aides such as viscosity modifiers, and wash-off aids.
Examples of such optional materials are described in U.S. Patent 4,049,792, Elsnau, issued September 20, 1977; Canadian Patent 1,164,347, Beckmeyer et al., issued March 27, 1984; U.S.
Patent 5.019,375, Tanner et al., issued May 28, 1991; and U.S. Patent 5,429,816, Hofrichter et al., issued July 4, 1995.
The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention can also be formulated to comprise other dispersed solids or other materials in addition to or in place of the particulate antiperspirant active. Such other dispersed solids or other materials include any material known or otherwise suitable for topical applicarion to human skin. The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions can also be formulated as gel-solid stick compositions which contain no antiperspirant or other active material, particulate or otherwise.
Method of Manufacture The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention may be prepared by any known or otherwise effective technique, suitable for providing an antiperspirant gel-solid stick composition having the requisite crystalline matrix and other product characteristics described herein.
Such methods involve formulation of the essential components of the composition to form a gel-solid having the requisite elastic to viscous moduli ratio, product hardness, and visible residue index, wherein the crystalline matrix within the composition comprises elongated non-polymeric gellant crystals having an aspect ratio of greater than about 2, preferably greater than about 6, and an average particle diameter that is minimized (preferably to less than about 1 ~tm) through techniques directed to minimizing crystalline particle size in a composition.
Crystalline particle size in the preferred embodiments of the present invention can be determined by techniques well known in the art, which includes light or electron microscopy of the composition, wherein the composition is formulated for analysis purposes without particulate antiperspirant active or JUN-17-1999 02:13 P8G PATENT ITC CINN 513 627 6333 P.031i127 wo 9srz~so . rcr~ls9~r~s9i ?9 other solid particulates. Without such reformulation, it is more difficult to directly dettrmine and distinguish crystalline gellant particle size and morphology from the particle size and morphology contributed from other non-gallant particuiates. The reformulated composition is then evacuated by light or electron m icroscopy or other similar rttethod. r Techniques for preparing the antiperspir~srtt gel-solid stick compositions of the present invention include those methods suitable for fotittulating compositions containing small gellarit crystalline particles.
Suitable techniques for minimizing crystalline gallant particle size include the use of nucleating agents.
formulation with select carriers or gallants or carrier/gellant combinations.
controlling rates of crystallization including controlling formulation, controlling process flow rate, and processing temperatures. and other methods described herein. All such methods should be applied to the formulation to control or minimize geliattt~ crystal particlC size. and/or to form the desired elongated crystalline particles, to thus form the desired crystalline mattiu of the composition.
Method of Use The antiperspirant gel-solid stick compositions may be applied topically to tltc axilla or other area of the skin in an amount effective to treat or reduce perspiration wetsiess and malodor. The composition is preferably applied in an amount ranging from about 0.1 gram to about 20 grams.
more preferably from about 0, f gram'to about 10 grants, even more preferably firm about 0.1 gram to about l grant, to the desired aces of the skiff. The compositions are preferably applied to the axilla of other area of the skin, one or two times daily, preferably once daily, to achieve effective antiperspirant and malodor control over an extended period.
EXAMPLES
The foltowiag non-limiitiag examples illustrate specific embodiments of the antiperspirant gel-solid stick co>apoaitioets of the ptaent invention, including methods of manufacture and use.
F.xh of the exemplifitad compositions are'peepaned by combiping ail of the listed components ~ a'spifpnt active and other materials Sucb as perfumes. The combined components an heated to about 100°C with agitation to foctn a hot liquid, after which all other materials ate added to the heated liquid. The heaped liquid is allowed to cool with agitation until just before the point of solidification, at which point the pooled, liquid composition is filled into applicator poekages and allowad to cool and solidify to the tsqiiisite pr~odua hardness, Each of the exemplified compositions ooaiprise a crystahine gel matrix containing crystalline paeaeles haviag an aspect rat;o of grt;aser than about 6, and art average crystalline gallant particle size of l~ ~ about 1 ltm. ~ach of the exemplified eoe»pasitiana also have a visible residue index of between about t t and about 30 L-value, a product hardness of betrvati about 500 and 5,000 giaat~foroe, and a G'~G" ratio of betweai abaft 0.1 acid about 100. Each of the exemplified antiperspirant compositions are ,JUN-17-1'~'~'~ d~ ~ 15 N2S.h 1-'H I tN I 1 I C., (j l NN 51.i b~7 b333 N.
d3~i1~7 WO ~~ - PCTILTS97IT.369I
JO
applird topically to the axilla area of the skin, in accordance with the methods of use described herein, and provide improved low residue performance, efficacy and aesthetics.

JUN-17-1999 02:14 P&G PATENT ITC CINN 513 627 6333 P.033i127 WO 98/Z'7950 - PGTIUS97IZ3691 Examples I-6 Component No. No. No.3 No. No. No.

Dj Cyclomethicoae ! 5 19.5 45 40 60 47.8 I

13Hvdroxystearic 7.0 3.5 '7.0 7.0 g,0 7 acid 3-Dodecyl-N.N'- 2 I 2 2 - -dibutyisuccinamide Polyether sitoxane -- - - -- 5.0 -_ Z

Dimethicone copolyol350 50 -. - -Dimethyl-Biphenyl- - -- 20 - -siloxane 4 Silicone polyether -- - - 25 copolymer 5 Sucrose polyester -_ - -- - 1.0
6 Octodocecanoi -- -- -- - - l4 Dimethicone copolyo)- - _ .,. - 2 ~

Disodium EDTA - - -- - - 0.2 C20-C40 Alcohol -8 '- -- 0.5 C'ZO-C40 Pareth -- -- - - I .Z5 C20-C40 Pat~etL ... _ _ I .25 A) Zs uichlordtydrex26 26 26 26 26 26 lyc Residue (ir-Value) 23.5 24 23 21 29 H(gemn-Foere) 2300 1200 850 750 1230 l5 10 10 5 10 l -1?ow Corning 24S Fluid; General Epic SF-1202 Z - EM-97 5~m Goldsehmidt 3 - DC-3225C fe~cm Dow Ca~iug 4 - SF-10?3 ~ G.B. Silicones 3- SF-I 1881 from G.E. 5iliooaees 6 - atse~er estcti'fied prndamituuely with bdtestic acid moirties
7- DC-1401 tram pow Cog
8 - Uoilin 425 from PetrolitC
9- Unithwc 430 fnotn Pe~olite
10- Unithotc 480 from pecrolite

Claims (10)

What is claimed is:
1. An anhydrous antiperspirant get-solid stick composition comprising:
(a) from 0.5% to 60% by weight of particulate antiperspirant active;
(b) from 1% to 15% by weight of a solid non-polymeric gellant that is substantially free of organic polymeric gellants, dibenzylidene alditol, inorganic thickening agents, derivatives of n-acyl amino acid, or combinations thereof;
(c) from 10% to 80% by weight of an anhydrous liquid carrier containing a modified silicone liquid carrier selected from the group consisting of polyalkylsiloxanes, polyalkyarylsiloxanes, polyestersiloxanes, polyethersiloxane copolymers, polyfluorosiloxanes, polyaminosiloxanes, and combinations thereof;
and wherein the composition has a visible residue index of from 11 to 30 L-value, a product hardness of from 500 gram-force to 5,000 gram-force, preferably from 750 gram-force to 2,000 gram-force. and a ratio of an elastic to viscous modull of from 0.1 to 100, preferably from 0.1 to 50, and wherein the composition is preferably substantially for of solid fatty alcohols having from 12 to 40 carbon atoms.
2. The composition of Claim 1 wherein the composition contains from 0.19 to 50%, preferably from 1 % to 10%, by weight of the modified silicone carrier, preferably a modified silicone carrier selected from the group consisting of dimethicone copolyol, tetrathoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, hexamethoxysilicone, oxmethoxytrisiloxane, phenyl trimethicone, tetramethyl-tetraphenyl-trisiloxane;
laurylmethicone copolyol cetyl dimethicone, stearyl dimethicone, caproyl trimethicone, stearoxytrimethykilane dimethiconal, dimethiconol, stearoxytrimethylsilane, trimethylsilylamodimethicone, trimethylsilylamodimethicone, trimethylsiloxysilicate, dimethyl-diphenyl-siloxane, methylphenyl siloxane, methylphenyl siloxane, hexamethyl-3-phenyl-3-[[trimethylsilyl]oxy]trisiloxane, trimethythylsiloxysilicate, stearoxy dimethicone, tetrabutoxypropyl trisiloxane, bis-phenylhexamethicone tris[tributoxysiloxy]methylsilane, and combinations thereof.
3. The composition of Claims 1 or 2 wherein the solid nonpolymeric gellant is selected front the group consisting of 12-hydroxystearic acid, esters of 12-hydroxystearic acid, amides of 12-hydroxystearic acid, and combinations thereof, preferably a selected from the group consisting of 12-hydroxystearic acid, 12hydroxystearic acid methyl ester, 12-hydroxystearic acid ethyl ester, 12-hydroxystearic acid stearyl ester, 12-hydroxystearic acid benzyl ester, 12-hydroxystearic acid amide, isopropyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid butyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, benzyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, phenyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, t-butyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, cyclohexyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, ladamantyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, 2-adamantyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, diisopropyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, and combinations thereof, preferably 12-hydroxystearic acid.
4. The composition of Claim 1 or 2 wherein the solid non-polymeric gellent comprises a gellant conforming to the formula:
wherein a) R'1 is nil, hydroxy, hydrogen, aryl, siloxane or saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain C1-C22 alkyl, C1-C22 alkenyl, C1-C22 alkoxy, C1-C22 alkyl esters, C1-C22 alkyl ethers, or C1-C22 alkyl substituted aryl;

b) R2, R4, R5 and R6 are independently or together, hydrogen, hydroxy, aryl, siloxane or saturated or unsaturated, substituted ar unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chin C1-C22 alkyl, C1-C22 alkenyl, C1-C22 alkoxy, C1-C22 alkyl esters. C1-C22 alkyl ethers, or C1-C22 alkyl substituted aryl;
c) R3 is nil, hydroxy, hydrogen, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkenyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkyl esters or C1-C4 alkyl ethers;
d) R7 and R8 are independently or together, nil, hydrogen, hydroxy, aryl, siloxane or saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain C1-C22 alkyl, C1-C22 alkenyl, C1-C22 alkoxy, C1-C22 alkyl esters, C1-C22 alkyl ethers, or C1-C22 alkyl substituted aryl;
e) R9 is nil or hydrogen;
R10 and R11 are independently or together, nil, hydrogen, hydroxy, aryl, siloxane or saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkenyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkyl esters, C1-C6 alkyl ethers, or C1-C6 alkyl substituted aryl;
g) X is nil, nitrogen, aryl or ~CH2~n where n is an integer from 1 to 6;
h) Y is nil, acyl or carboxyl;
i) Z is nil, hydrogen, hydroxy, aryl, siloxane, nitrogen or saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, straight, branched or cyclic chain C1-C22 alkyl, C1-C22 alkenyl, C1-C22 alkoxy, C1-C22 alkyl esters, C1-C22 alkyl ethers, or C1C22 alkyl substituted aryl; and j) "a" is a double or single bond, provided:
(i) when X is nil, Y, Z, R3, R7 and R8 are nil, X is bonded directly to C" and R1 is not a hydrogen;

(ii) when X and Z are not nil and Y is nil, X is directly bonded to Z;
(iii) when Z is nil, a hydrogen or a hydroxy, R7 and R8 are nil; and (iv) when "a" is a double bond, R3 and R9 are nil
5. The composition of Claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein the solid nonpolymeric gallant are in the form of elongated crystalline particles having an aspect ratio of at least 2, preferably at least 6.
6. The composition of Claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein the solid nonpolymeric gallant are in the form of crystalline particles having an average particle size of less than 1 µm, preferably less than 0.2 µm.
7. The composition of Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 wherein the composition has a Differential Scanning Calorimeter onset temperature of from 25°C to 85°C, preferably from 30°C to 60°C.
8. The composition of Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 wherein the composition further comprises a volatile silicone carrier liquid carrier which conforms to the formula:
wherein n is from 3 to 7.
9. The composition of Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 wherein the anhydrous liquid carrier further comprises a non-volatile silicone liquid carrier having a viscosity of less than 100.000 centistokes.
10. A method for treating or reducing perspiration wetness and malodor, comprising applying from 0.1 gram to 20 grams of the composition of Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 to the desired area of the skin.
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US08/771,614 US5840288A (en) 1996-12-20 1996-12-20 Antiperspirant gel-solid stick composition containing a modified silicone carrier
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JP2001507036A (en) 2001-05-29
CN1245417A (en) 2000-02-23
WO1998027950A1 (en) 1998-07-02
AU5804698A (en) 1998-07-17
CA2275684A1 (en) 1998-07-02
EP0946136A1 (en) 1999-10-06
US5840288A (en) 1998-11-24
BR9715014A (en) 2001-09-18

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