CA2302227C - Multicolored led lighting method and apparatus - Google Patents
Multicolored led lighting method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CA2302227C CA2302227C CA002302227A CA2302227A CA2302227C CA 2302227 C CA2302227 C CA 2302227C CA 002302227 A CA002302227 A CA 002302227A CA 2302227 A CA2302227 A CA 2302227A CA 2302227 C CA2302227 C CA 2302227C
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/0616—Skin treatment other than tanning
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/0618—Psychological treatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S4/00—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources
- F21S4/20—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports
- F21S4/28—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports rigid, e.g. LED bars
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/04—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
- G09G3/06—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources
- G09G3/12—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources using electroluminescent elements
- G09G3/14—Semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
- G09G3/2014—Display of intermediate tones by modulation of the duration of a single pulse during which the logic level remains constant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/32—Pulse-control circuits
- H05B45/325—Pulse-width modulation [PWM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/395—Linear regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
- H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
- H05B45/46—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs disposed in parallel lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/155—Coordinated control of two or more light sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
- H05B47/18—Controlling the light source by remote control via data-bus transmission
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N2005/065—Light sources therefor
- A61N2005/0651—Diodes
- A61N2005/0652—Arrays of diodes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
- F21V33/0004—Personal or domestic articles
- F21V33/004—Sanitary equipment, e.g. mirrors, showers, toilet seats or paper dispensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
- F21V33/006—General building constructions or finishing work for buildings, e.g. roofs, gutters, stairs or floors; Garden equipment; Sunshades or parasols
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2111/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
- F21W2111/02—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like
- F21W2111/027—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like for indicating kerbs, steps or stairs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2111/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
- F21W2111/08—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for handles or handrails
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
- F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
- F21Y2113/10—Combination of light sources of different colours
- F21Y2113/13—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/06—Passive matrix structure, i.e. with direct application of both column and row voltages to the light emitting or modulating elements, other than LCD or OLED
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0264—Details of driving circuits
- G09G2310/0272—Details of drivers for data electrodes, the drivers communicating data to the pixels by means of a current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0666—Adjustment of display parameters for control of colour parameters, e.g. colour temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
- G09G3/3283—Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data current for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]
Abstract
Disclosed herein is a current control for a lighting assembly, which may be an LED lighting assembly, which may be a pulse width modulated ("PWM") current control or other form of current control where each current-controlled unit is uniquely addressable and capable of receiving illumination color information on a computer lighting network. In an embodiment, the invention includes a binary tree network configuration of lighting units (nodes). In another embodiment, the present invention comprises a heat dissipating housing, made out of a heat-conductive material, for housing the lighting assembly. The heat dissipating housing contains two stacked circuit boards holding respectively the power module and the light module. The light module is adapted to be conveniently interchanged with other light modules.
Description
MUL"r'IGOL~1R~D LED LIG>E'iTLNG METHOD AHD ARP.ARATVS
. " ~ CRoSS REFERENGE'f~D RLLA'X'~?x APPLIG~'t"'ff~N~ -This applicx#ipn is based an issued Unsted Stales Patent No. 5,416,43 ~ filed August 26, I 997, to which priority is claimed. - _ B~~CIC(~rROUND (7F THE xIVYENTI~N
The prat invention ttrlates to pravlding light of a selcc~le solar t~sin$
Iig»t sources, such as J~FDS. More particularly, the present inYentinzi is a utethvd and.
.10 spparstua for providicrg mull3colored illumination More partfrulatiy still., the prcseut iav~tioa is an apparatus for pr4viding a ecmtpvxer controlled ~lticoloxed illumittatian aetworl: c~.able ofhigh performabee sod rapid color solocticm and~haztge.
It is well known that combining the Qrojected light of ~dne color with the projcctcd , light of another color will result in the creation of a third color. It ig also wall 7~wn that the three rrtost cornrnonly used primary colors -- red, blur end green - can 6a combined ~
difforent proportions xo generate. almost ang c4lor in the visible spoctxum.
The present inveationtakcs advantage ofthese effects by combining We projected light firm at least two light emitting diodes (LI~IaS) of dl tiercrtt primacy c~ohars. it shattld be understood that for purposes of this invaition the term '"pximary colors" rncorrspasse$ ,s.ny different colors th2tt can be combined to create Qthor colas.
Computer ligh=ing r~otwvrl~s are nut ncvv, ZJ.S. Patent I'~o. 5,420,482, jssued to Pharrs, describes one such nxtwarkthat uses diifarent colored LEDs to generate a selcccablc solar. Phaies is p~narily for uae a5 a display apparatus.
Iio'~rcvQr, the apparatus has seuCral disadvantages and lisnitatiozts. First, each of ihc three colox T .F.hs in Phares is pbwercd thr~nugh a transistor biasixtg scheme in which tho tr2'asistor base is ccaupled to a respective latch register through biasing rcsistnrs_ Tht three latches axe $11 simultanoously coatteeted to the game data. tints ca the data bus, . _,_t __ ...__. . ... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. -~~ «~ ..~~u~~r~rr~o : a o CA~ 02302227 2000-02-25 ~ ~~~ ~ - -' .- , . Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 This means it is impossible in Phares to change all three LED transistor biases independently and simultaneously. Also, biasing of the transistors is inefficient because power delivered to the L)rDs is smaller than that dissipated in tE~e biasing network. This makes the device poorly suited for ef~cicnt illumination applications. The transistor biasing used by Phares also makes it difficult, if not impossible, to interchange groups of LEDs having different power ratings, and hence different intensity levels.
U.S. patent No. 4,845,481, issued to Havel, is directed to a multicolored display device. Havel addresses some, but not alt of the switching problems associated with Phares. Havel uses a pulse width modulated signal io provide current to respective LEDs at a particular duty cycle. However, no provision is made for precise and rapid control over the colors emitted. As a stand alone unit, the apparatus in navel suggests away from network lighting, and therefore lacks any teaching as to how to implement a pulse 'width modulated computer lighting network. Further, Havel dots not appreciate the use of LF.Ds beyond mere displays, such as for illumination.
1 S U.S. latent No. 5,184,114, issued to Brown, shows an LED display system.
But Brown lacks any suggestion to use LEDs for illumination, or to use LEDs in a configurable computer network environment. U.S. Patent No. 5,134,387, issued to Smith et al., directed to an LED matrix display, contains similar problems. Its rudimentary current control scheme severely limits the passible range of colors that can be displayed.
Disclosed herein is a high performance computer controlled multicolored lighting network, which may be an LED lighting network.
Disclosed herein is a LED lighting network structure capable of both a linear chain of nodes and a binary tree configuration.
Disctased herein is a heat-dissipating housing to contain the lighting units of the lighting network.
AMENDED SHEET
.2_ _ -- _ _ _ _ _ _-__ . . . ~ ~ m ' off.:. ~ vvv-r t~.~ tip '~3;3~M.465: ~/ (~
- CA 02302227 2000-02-25 - "- -'~-" " --Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 Di sclosed herein is a current regulated LED lighting apparatus, wherein the apparatus contains fighting modules each having its own maximum current rating and each conveniently interchangeable with one another.
Disclosed herein is a computer current-controlled LED lighting assembly for use as a general illumination device capable of emitting multiple colors in a continuously programmable 24-bit spectrum.
Disclosed herein are a flashlight, inclinometer, ther~rtometer, general environmental indicator and lightbulb, all utilizing the general computa~
cuaent-control principles of the present invention.
dther aspects of the present disclosure will be apparent from the detailed description below.
SUMMARY OF TIEIE INVENTION
In brief, disclosed herein is a current control for a lighting asseanbly, which may be an LED lighting assembly, which may be a pulse width modulated ("PWM") current contml or other form of current control where each current-controlled unit is uniquely addressable and capable of receiving illumination color information on a computer lighting network. In a further embodiment, the invention includes a binary tree network configuration oFlighting units (nodes). In another embodiment, the present invention comprises a heat dissipating housing, made out of a heat-conductive material, for housing the lighting assembly. The heat dissipating housing contains two stacked cirenit boards holding respectively the power module and the light module, The light module is adapted to be conveniently interchanged with other light modules having pro~ble current, and hence maximum light intensity, ratings. Such other light modules may include organic LEDs, clectro-luminescent strips, and other modules, in addition to conventional LEDs. Other embodiments of the present invention involve novel applications for the general principles described herein.
DESCI~PTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a stylized electrical circuit sch~natic of the light module of the present invention.
_ . . . '11 ( CJL / V V V ~ ~-g~ t39 23994965 : !! 7 --' - . ~~ -- ' "-' -CA 02302227 2000-02-25- - ---- ------Attorney Docket No. ~KC-004.25 Figure 2 is a stylized electrical circuit schematic of the power module of the present invention.
Figure 3 is an exploded view of the housing of one of the embodiments of the prescat invention.
Figure 4 is a plan view of the LED-containing side of the light module of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a plan view of the electrical connector side of the light module of the present invention.
Figure b is a plan view of the power terminal side of the power module of the present invention.
(~ Figure 7 is a plan view of the electrical connector side of the power module of the present invention.
Figure 8 is an exploded view of a flashlight assembly containing the LED
lighting module of the present invention.
Figure 9 is a control block diagram of the environmental indicator of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIOIvT
The structure and operation of a preferred embodiment will now be described.
It should be understood that many other ways of practicing the inventions herein are available, and the embodiments descn'bed herein arc exemplary and not limiting. Taming to Figure 1, shown is an electrical schematic representation of a light module 140 o~the :: present invention. Figures 4 and 5 show the LED-containing side and the electrical connector side of light module 100. Light module 110 is self contained, and is configured to be a standard item interchangeable with any similarly constructed Light module. Light module I 00 contains a ten-pin electrical connector 110 of the geaieral type.
In this embodiment, the connector 110 contains male pins adapted to fit into a complt~nentary ten-pin connector female assembly, to be described below. Pin 180 is the power supply.
A source of DC electrical potential entExs module 100 on pin 180. Pin 180 is electrically connected to the anode end of light enutting diode (LED) sets 120, 144 and 160 to establish a uniform high potential on each anode end.
AMENDED SHEET
...... ..... ..",._,..=.~.~~.._.a"~_- ..__ _.~~- .~-'CA ~02302~227 2000-02-251 ~ ~'~~ ~uum-~ ,.-_,_ +49-89.23994466:~t 8 Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 LED set 120 contains red LEDS, set 140 contains blue and set 160 contains green, each obtainable from the Nichia America Corporation. These LEDs arc primary colors, in the sense that such colors when combined in preselected proportions can gcnerato any color in the spectrum. While three primary colors is preferred, it will be understood that the present invention will function nearly as well with only iwo primary colors to generate any color in the spectrum. Likewise, while the different primary colors are arranged herein on sets of uniformly colored LEDS, it will be appreciated that the same effect may be achieved with single LEDs containing multiple color-emitting semiconductor dins.
LED sets 120, 140 and 160 each preferably contains a seriallparallel array of LEDs in the manner describod by Okuno in U.S. Patent No. 4,298,869. In the present embodiment, LED set 120 contains three parallel connected rows of nine red LEDs (not shown), and LED sets 140 and 160 each contain five parallel connected rows of five blue and green LEDS, respectively (not shown). It is understood by those in the art that, in general, each red LED dmps the potential in the Iine by a lower amount than each blue or green LED, about 2.1 V, compared to 4.0 V, respectively, which accounts for the different row lengths.
This is because the number of LEDs in each row is determined by the amount of voltage drop desired between the anode end at the power supply voltage and the cathode end of the last LED in the row. Also, the parallel arrangement of rows is a fail-safe measure that ensures that the light module 100 will still function even if a single LED in a row fails, thus opening the electrical circuit in that row. The cathode ends of the three parallel rows of nine red LEDs in LED set 120 arc then connected in common, and go to pin 128 on connector 110. Likewise, the cathode ends of the five parallel rows of five blue LEDs in LED set 140 are connected in common, and go to pin 148 on connector 110. The cathode ends of the eve parallel mws of five green LEDs in LED set 160 are connected in commoc~, and go to pin 168 on connector 110. Finally, on light module 100, each LED set is associated with a programming resistor that combines with other components, described below, to program the maximum current through each set of LEDS. Between pin 124 and 126 is resistor 122, 6.2 fl. Betweca pin l44 and 146 is resistor 142, 4.7 La.
Between pin 164 and 166 is resistor ...... ...,. ,...,.__ _ ~~ _.. __ _ _ __._.. _ .__ _ _.. ... _ v CA~ 02302227 2000-02-25'1 ' ~''s~ rvvv-yr~r~ u~_ ~.fa~~q.g.E>6: # 9 Attorney Docket No. CKC-p04.25 162, 4.7 D. Resistor 122 programs maximum current through red LED set 120, resistor 142 programs maximum current through blue LED set 140, and resistor 162 programs maximum current through green LED set 160. The values these resistors should take arc determined empirically, based on the desired maximum light intensity of oath LED set. In the present embodiment, the resistances above program red, bloc and green currents of 70, 50 and 50 pA, respectively.
With the electrical structwe of light module 100 described, attention v~zll now be given to the electrical structure of power module 200, shown in Figure 2.
Figures 6 and 7 show the power terminal side and electrical connector side of an embodiment of power module 200. Like light module 100, power module 200 is self contained.
Interconnection with male pin set 110 is achieved through complementary female pin set 210.
Pin 280 connects with pin 180 for supplying power, delivered to pin 280 from supply 300. Supply 300 is shown as a functional block for simplicity. In actuality, supply 300 can take numeraus forms for generating a DC voltage. In the present embodiment, supply provides 24 Volts through a connection terminal (not shown), coupled to pin 280 through transient protection capacitors (not shown) ofthe general type. 1t will be appreciated that supply 300 may alsa supply a DC voltage altar rectification andlor voltage transformation of an AC supply, as described more fully in L1.S. Patent No. 4,298,869.
Also connected to pin connector 210 are three current programming integrated circuits, ICl~ 220, ICB 240 and rCG 260. Each of these is a three ternzinai adjustable regulator, preferably part ~umbcr LM317E, available from the National 5erniconductor Corporation, Santa Clara, California. Each regulator contains an input terminal, an output terminal and an adjustment terminal, labeled I, 0, and A, respectively. The regulators function to xnaintain~a constant maximum current into the input terminal and out of the output terminal. This maximum current is pre-programmed by settling a resistance between the output and the adjustment terminals. This is because the regulator wil l cause the voltage at the input terminal to settle to AMENDED SHEET
whatever value is needed to cause 1.2S v i~ appear arcross the fixed currern set resistor, - thus causing constsutt currant to flaw. Since each fimetiatts ide~lirtlly, only ICIt 220 wiil nave be dascribcd. First, current enters thi" in.Irut tczaZinai ofICR 220 from pia Z28. ~f ...-.
Gaursc, pin 228 in the powar module is coupled to pia 128 in the lyght ntodttla, and 6 r~csfftrst current dl~eCtly fom the Gathodc end of ti~o red L)*D set 120.
Since resistor 1Z2 is axdi~~rily~dispvsed between the output and adjustment ter~nals of ICR 220 through pints 224/1 Z4 sad ?.241126, resistor 122 programs the satonnt csf taz<rant regulated by ICR
220. 1?ven~ally, the cuctunt output $om the adjUStmeat t~tiusl of IC:~. 220 e~tdra a I~adington driver. In this way, ICR 220 sad assoCiatW toSlsWr 122 pingraxa the ~zmum current through red LHD set 1?d. Similar restlta are achieved with IC'B
end resistor 142 for blue L EED sat 140, and with Tf~ti 260 xnd re~sistar 16a fdr ~r~r, LEh ,.
it _ ~ R.
Bat lfr0. _ . - . . .. ._ The red, blue and green LED aurn~nts~ e~ifea another integxated circuit, IC1384, at respective nodes 324, 344 and 364. IC13$o ~ is preferably a high c~nrontfvulta~ge Darlington drive : p~-t no. bS2003~ available fr4tn the National Semiconductor Carpaiaticm, Santa Clara, California. I~13$0 r5 seed a5 a autx~t sink, and functions tc switch current between respe;,tivc LED sots and gxound 390. .A,s described in the DSZ003 daxashect, Iii contains six seta afDatiington #rausistars 'with appropriate an-board bixring resistdra. As shaven, nodes 324, 34.4 sad 3b4 couple th4 current from t'Ete respectave LED
a sets tp thr~se pain of these Darliugtoa transistors, iu the wail lrnown inanaex to take ~ ad~tage of the fact tha: the Gazreut rating of ~rC1380 may be doubled by using pairs of Darlington tt~nsistor~ tc sink respe~ctivc currents. Each c~f ~thG three an board Darlington piths is used in the fallowiug manner as a switch the base of each Darlington pair i~
coupled to signal inputs a24, 444 and 464., zesp~tively. Htaee, input 424 is the si~a1 input for switching cuaeat through node 324. a»4 thus the red LED set 120.
Japui 44.4 is the signal input for switnking cuzrrnt though soda 344, aQd thu.~ the blue 1:.1~ set 140, Input 464 is the signal input far switching c~reut through code 364, and thus the green T.xl7 sot 160, Signal inpuis k24, 44-4 and 4fi~ arc couploct to respe~ctivs signal vucputs 434, 45.4 attd 47d on microeonzroller (C2 _'F_ 400, as described bclo'w. )'n essence, when s high fr~usr~cy squaro waYa is incident on a rCSpcctive signal ipp'rit, ~IC138U SWitthCS cliiTCTlt'th~0ugh 8 rcSpCCtlve ri0da With the idcntcal &equenay and duty cycle. 'thus; iu operation, the states of signal inputs 424, 441.
. , and 46a directly correlate with the oparittg and closing of thG power circuit through respective ~.ED sets I~d,1.40 and 160.
The structure and b~eratf on of micraeontroller IG'2 440 will na~r lx drscn~bed.
MtcrncontrQllrr TC2 40Q is preferably g MICRO brand PIC16C63; although almost ~Y Pmp~'lY Pm?med miaz~ocontraller or nsicrogroccssvr cart perf~ the software firnctioag dcscriba~d hewn. ThC main ilmation ofmicmconxrallcr IC2 A~00 is W
convert nutrtetica! data received on s~Grial ltx pin 52o inm three indepe»~dmt high frequency sqcare waves of uniform frequarttcy but independent duty ayclcs on sigttai ott~ut pins 434, ~~4 and a7a. The Figure 2 ~~xrsentadpn of microcarr~nallci 1C2 404 i9 partially stylized, in that pGrsaru of sleilt in the art will apprecf ste that aartain of the twonty-eight ataadard pins have been omitted or combined far greatest claaty.
1 S Mictocontmilcr IC2 400 is gmwered through pin 450, which is coupled to a 5 Yolt sourco of DC power 70D. Scturoe 90U is. prGfvrahiy driven from supply 300 'through a coupling trot slNOwtt) that includes a voltago regulator (rat sho~rm). Ax1 exemplary voltage regulates is iho LM340 3-terminal positive regulator, available &cm tho Natiaaal Semicronductar Cerporation, ~rvata Ciara, Cali.fomia. Those of slrilt is the axt wilt 2Q appreciate that most mioroeoncrollers, end ninny other indepencicutly powered digital integrated circuits, are rated for nn mare thx~ a ~ Volt pewee' s~aurcc. The clack frequency of tnicracvntraIler IC2 400 is set by crystal 484, coupled through appropriate pins, pin 49D i9 the micrecontrollcr r('2 400 ground referer~cb.
Switch GOU is ~e twelve Iaasidon dig ~wi tch that may be alterably and mechanically 2i set to varaqucly identif~r the rnicroco~ttrolxor I('~ 4C~a, Wlxcn individual ones of the t,~ive mechanical switches within trip switch 500 are elased, apath is gerex~ated firm corresponding pins 6S0 on ~cractmtmllcr IC2. 4ot1 to ground b9U.
_ _ .. . _.. __. _ ;~ _ _ __ _._ . . __._. ~-CA 02302227 2000-02- -251 ~ ~'~l-~uuu~ _____ +49 .8J _Z3JJ4-466:~I12 Attorney Docket No. C.I~C-004.25 Twelve switches create 2" possible settings, allowing any microcontrollcr IC2 404 to take on one of 4096 different IDs, or addresses. In the preferred embodiment, only nine switches are actually used because the DMX-512 protocol, discussed below, is employed.
Once switch 600 is set, microcontroller IC2 400 "knows" its unique address ("who am I"), and "listens" on serial line 520 for a data stream specifically addressed to it. A
high speed network protocol, preferably a D1V1'~ protocol, is used to address network data to each individually addressed microcontrollcr IC2 400 from a central network controller (not shown). The DMX protocol is described in a United States Theatre Technology, Inc.
publication entitled "DMX512I1990 Digital Data Transmission Standard for Dinuners and Controllers." Basically, in the network protocol used herein, a central controller (not shown) creates a stream of nttwork data consisting of sequential data packets.
Each packet fast contains a header, which is checked for conformance to the standard and discarded, followed by a stream of sequential bytes representing data for sequentially addressed devices. For instance, if the data packet is intended for light number fifteen, then fourteen bytes from the data stream will be discarded, and the device will save byte number fifteen. If as in the preferred cmbodimeslt, more than one byte is needed, then the address is considered to be a starting address, and more than one byte is saved and utilized. Each byte corresponds to a decimal number 0 to 255, linearly representing the desired intensity from O$to Full. (For simplicity, details of the data packets such as headers and stop bits are omitted from this description, and will be well appreciated by those of skill in the art.) This way, each of the three LE17 colors is assigned a discrete intensity value between 0 and 255. These respective intensity values are stored in respective registers within. the memory of microcvntroller IC2 400 (not shown). Once the central controller exhausts all data packets, it starts aver in a continuous refresh cycle.
The refresh cycle is define by the standard to be a m,ini,mum of 1196 microseconds, and a maximum of 1 second.
Microcontroller IC2 400 is programmed continually to "listen" for its data stream.
When microcvntroller rC2 400 is "listening," but before it detects a data _y_ AMENDED SHEET
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..._.
Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 packet intended for it, it is running a routine designed tv create the square wave signal outputs on pins 434, 454 and 474. The values in the color registers determine the duty cycle of the square wave. Since each register can cake on a value from 0 to 255, these values create 2~6 possible different duty cycles in a linear range from 0% to 100%. Since the square wave frequency is uniform and determined by the program running in the miemcontmller 1C2 400, these different discrete duty cycles represent variations in the width of the square wave pulses. This is known as pulse width modulation (PVYNl~.
The pWM interrupt routine is implemented using a simple counter, incrementing from 0 to 255 in a cycle during each period of the square wave output on pins 434, 454 and 474. When the counter rolls over to zero, all three signals arc set high.
Once the counter equals the register value, signal output is changed to low, When microcontroller ICZ X100 receives new data, it freezes the counter, copies the new data to the working registers, compares the new register values with the current count and updates the output pins accordingly, and then restarts the counter exactly where it left off.
Thus, intensity values may be updated in the middle of the PWM cycle. Freezing the counter and simultaneously updating the signal outputs has at least two advantages. First, it allows each lighting unit to quickly pulse/stmbe as a strobe light does. Such stmbing happens when the central controller sends network data having high intensity values alternately with network data having zero intensity values at a rapid rate. If one restarted the counter without first updating the signal outputs, then the human cyc would be able to perceive the staggered deactivation of each individual color LED that is set at a different pulse width.
This feature is net of eoneem in incandescent lights because of the integrating effect associated with the heating and cooling cycle of the illununation element.
LEDS, unlike incandescent elements, activate and deactivate essentially instantaneously in the present application. The second advantage is that one can "dim" the LEDs without the flickering that would otherwise occur if the counter were reset to zero.. The central controller can send a continuous dimming signal whrn it creates a sequence of intensity values representing a uniform and proportional decrease in light intensity for -iu-AMENDED SHEET
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-~- - ~ - - -' ~- '-- v CA 02302227 2000-02-25 - - ' - ' ' ----'- - ~ ' - ' Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 each color LED. If one did not update the oatput signals before restarting the counter, there is a possibility that a single color LED will go through nearly two cycles without experiencing the zero current state of its duty cycle. For instance, assume the red register is set at 4 and the counter is set at 3 when it is frozen. Here, the counter is frozen just before the "off part" of the pWM cycle is to occur for the red LEDS. Nvw assume that the network data changes the value in the red register from 4 to 2 and the counter is restarted without deactivating the output signal. fivcn though the counter is greater than the intensity value in the red register, the output state is still "on", meaning that maximtun current is still flowing through the red LEDS. Meanwhile, the blue and green LEDs will probably tum off at their appropriate times in the pWM cycle. This would be perceived by the human eye as a red flicker in the course of dimming the color intensities. Freezing the counter and updating the output for the rest of the PWM cycle overcomes these disadvantages, ensuring the flicker does not occur.
The network interface for microcontroller 1C2 400 will now be descn'bed. Jacks 800 and 900 are standard R1-8 network jacks. Jack 800 is used as an input jack, and is shown for simplicity a,s having only three inputs: signal inputs 860, 870 and ground 850.
1'Tetwork data caters jack 800 and passes through signal inputs 860 and 870.
These signal inputs are then coupled to IC3 500, which is an RS-4S5lR.S-422 di~'erential bus repeater of the standard type, preferably a DS96177 from the National Semiconductor Corporation, ZO Santa Clara, California. The signal inputs 860, 870 enter IC3 500 at pins SfO, 570. The data signal is passed through from pin 510 to pin 520 on microcontroller IC2 440. The same data signal is then returned from pin 540 on IC2 400 to pin S30 on IC3 500. Jack 900 is used as as output jack and is shown for simplicity as having only five outputs:
E~~' signal outputs 960, 970, 980, 990 and ground 950. Outputs 960 and 970 arc split directly from input lines 860 and 870, respectively. Outputs 9S0 and 990 come directly from IC3 S00 pins 580 and 590, respectively. It will be appreciated that the foregoing assembly enables tvvo network nodes to be connected for receiving the network data,.
Thus, a network may be AMENDED SHEET
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~ CA 02302227 2000-02-25-. Attorney Docket No. CKC~004.25 constructed as a daisy chain, if only single nodes are strung together, or as a binary tree, if two nodes are attached to the output of each single node.
From the foregoing description, one can see that an addressable network of LED
illumination or display units can be constructed from a collection of power modules each connected to a respective light module. As Iong as at least two primary color LEDs arc used, any illurni.nation or display color may be generated simply by preselecting the light intensity that each color LED emits. Further, each color LED can emit light at any of 255 different intensities, depe~~ding on the duty cycle of PWM square wave, with a frill intensity pulse generated by passing maximum current through the LED. Further still, the;
maximum intensity can be conveniently programmed simply by adjusting the ceiling for the maximum allowable current using programming resisrtances for the current regulators residing on the light module. Light modules of different maximum current ratings may thereby be conveniently interchanged.
The foregoing embodiment may reside in any number of different housings. A
IS preferred housing for an illumination unit is described. Turning now to Figure 3, there is shown an exploded view of an illumination unit of the present invention comprising a substantially cylindrical body section 10, a light module 20, a conductive sleeve 30, a power module 40, a second conductive sleeve 50, and an enclosure plate 60. It is to be assumed here that the light module 24 and the power module 40 contain the electrical structure and software of light module 100 and power module 200, descn'bed above.
Screws 62, 64, 66, 68 allow the entire apparatus to be mechanically wnneeted.
Body section 10, conductive sleeves 30 and 50 and enclosure plate b0 are preferably made from a material that conducts heat, most preferably aluminum. Body section 10 has an open end 11, a reflective interior portion 12 and an illumination end 13, to which module 20 is mechanically affixed. Light module 20 is disk shaped and has two sides. The illumination side (not shown) comprises a plurality of LEDs. of different primacy colors.
The connection side holds an electrical connector male pin assembly 22. Both the illumination side and the connection side are coated with aluminum surfaces to better allow the conduction of ?scat outward frem. the plurality of L1~Ds to the body aeGdan 10. Likewvise, power a~todulc 40 is disk shaped wrd has every available surface covered with aluminum for the same reason. Power module a4 has a ~ct,naction side holding err electrical connector fomata pin, assembly 44 adapted to Ft l the pug fra~m~asseaably~2. Pa~ovcr modals 44 has a power terminal side holding a tcnninal X42 for connecdan to a sowrce ofD~C povre~
Any sr~sdard AO or DC jack may be used, as appropriate.
tntrrposed bawoGn lightunodule 20 arid power module ~40 is a cottdncdva aluminum sleeve 30, which substantially ericloaes the spaac bdw~eeu modules ~4 and 4U.
As shnvvn, a disk-shaped eaclosuce glare tt4 and screws 6.3, 64, d5 sad 68 seal all of ttie componetlts together, and cottductive sleeve 34 is thus irJtcrposed between enclQszure plate b0 and power module d0. Once xaaled together as $ unit, the illumination apparatus may ho connected tv a data aetwark as dQSCribed above and mounted in. any conv~nir.,tct tnanaaer to ilTumfnato an area. In operation, preferebiy a ligrit diffudng rtitans will be inserted in body suction I o to cnsuro that the .I.IrDs urn light module 20 appear to emit a single uniform frequency of light.
From the foregoing, it wdl be appraciat~ed that P1NM cttrrmt crnttlol of LEDS'tQ
prodwce multiple coiars raay ha incorporated intro cautuiess environments, with err without nCtwa~rlc~_ For instance, Figure g shows a baud-hold flashlight eau be mado t8 shine any conceivable solar using au LEl~ assembly of the present invention. The flashlight , canta.ins eC cxtrrnal adjus~neat means 5, th,st sissy ho for instance.a sef of three poteatiomcters couplc8 to an appropriately prograxrtuted micxoca>'atrallcr 92 through respective A/D conversion means 15. Ersch, potcntlQZnatex would caatrcil the current duty cycle, at7d thus the illuinination.latensity, ofsn ladivfdual color LEI7 on GED board 25_ With tftreo settings each capab3c of generating a~ di~creat byto from 4 to 255, a camput~r-S controlled flashlight may generate twent~~-four bit polar. C3f course. three individyaaT
potentiometers carr be ineorpvra.tod inter a single drvice, such as a trade ball or joysticlw, sa as to be 4pex'abte as a single adjuster. Fsxtlher, it ix not necessary that flee adjustment means tuner be a potetltiomctcr. Far insiauae, a capacities or resistive thumb plate may also be used to pro~am th$ twn or three rCg'tsters ndecssaty to sat the color.
A lens 34 assembly 93 may he provided for rullectin~ the exnittsx! light. A non-hand held embodiment of rise present -Z3.-m. v . v v.v . u-n -:w.u.-.:w.r,t.:v-vw_ _ ~ r,- v- ~;~ _. . . rv ~ ' ri 1 7 t3'l. 7UUU-v +~~5 f;~ '~:3~1f344fiF : b 17 - - CA 02302227 2000-02-25'- -Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 invention may be used as an underwater swimming pool light. Since the present invention can operate at relatively low voltages and love current, it is uniquely suited for safe underwater operation.
Similarly, the present invention may be used as a general indicator of any given environmental condition. Figure 9 shows the general functional block diagram for such an apparatus. Shown within Figure 9 is also an exemplary chart showing the duty cycles of the three color LEDs during an exemplary period. As one example of ari environmental indicator 96, the power module can be coupled to an inclinometer. The inclinometer measures general angular orientation with respect to the earth's center of gravity. The inclinometer's angle signal can be converted through as AID converter 94 and coupled to the data inputs of the,rnicrocontrollcr 92 in the power module. The microcontroller 92 can then be programmed to assign tech discrete angular orientation a different color thmugh the use of a lookup table associating angles with LED color register values.
The microcontroller 92 may be coupled to a transceiver 95 for transmitting and receiving signals, such as rR signals or electromagnetic signals. A current switch 90, coupled to the microcontroller 92, may be used to control the current supply to LEDs 120, 140, and 160 of different colors. The "color inclinometef' may be used for safety, such as in airplane cockpits, or for novelty, such as to illuminate the sails on a sailboat that sways in the water. Another indicator use is to provide an easily readable visual temperature indication. For example, a digital thermometer can be connected to provide the micmcontroller a temperature reading. Each temperature will be associated with a particular set of register values, and hence a particular color oufiput. A
plurality of such "color thermometers" can be located over a large space, such as a storage freezer, to allow '...
~'' simple usual inspection of temperature over throe dimensions.
Another use of the present invention is as a Iightbulb. Using appropriate rectifier and voltage transformation means, the entire power and light.modulcs may be plsacd in an Edison-mount (screw-type) lightbulb housing. Each bulb can be prod with particular register values to deliver a particular color bulb, including white. The current regulator can be preprogrammed to give a desired current rating and thus preset light intensity. Naturally, the lightbulb may have a transparent or translucent section that allows the passage of light into ttie ambient.
AMENDED SHEET
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___.... . __ _.
Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 ' While the foregoing has been a detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention, the claims which follow define more freoly tie scope of invention to which applicant is entitled. Modifications or improvements which may not come within the S explicit language of the claims described in the preferred embodiments should be treated as within the scope of invention insofar as they arE equivalent or otherwise consistent with the contribution over the prior art and such contribution is not to be limited to specific embodiments disclosed AMENDED SHEET
. " ~ CRoSS REFERENGE'f~D RLLA'X'~?x APPLIG~'t"'ff~N~ -This applicx#ipn is based an issued Unsted Stales Patent No. 5,416,43 ~ filed August 26, I 997, to which priority is claimed. - _ B~~CIC(~rROUND (7F THE xIVYENTI~N
The prat invention ttrlates to pravlding light of a selcc~le solar t~sin$
Iig»t sources, such as J~FDS. More particularly, the present inYentinzi is a utethvd and.
.10 spparstua for providicrg mull3colored illumination More partfrulatiy still., the prcseut iav~tioa is an apparatus for pr4viding a ecmtpvxer controlled ~lticoloxed illumittatian aetworl: c~.able ofhigh performabee sod rapid color solocticm and~haztge.
It is well known that combining the Qrojected light of ~dne color with the projcctcd , light of another color will result in the creation of a third color. It ig also wall 7~wn that the three rrtost cornrnonly used primary colors -- red, blur end green - can 6a combined ~
difforent proportions xo generate. almost ang c4lor in the visible spoctxum.
The present inveationtakcs advantage ofthese effects by combining We projected light firm at least two light emitting diodes (LI~IaS) of dl tiercrtt primacy c~ohars. it shattld be understood that for purposes of this invaition the term '"pximary colors" rncorrspasse$ ,s.ny different colors th2tt can be combined to create Qthor colas.
Computer ligh=ing r~otwvrl~s are nut ncvv, ZJ.S. Patent I'~o. 5,420,482, jssued to Pharrs, describes one such nxtwarkthat uses diifarent colored LEDs to generate a selcccablc solar. Phaies is p~narily for uae a5 a display apparatus.
Iio'~rcvQr, the apparatus has seuCral disadvantages and lisnitatiozts. First, each of ihc three colox T .F.hs in Phares is pbwercd thr~nugh a transistor biasixtg scheme in which tho tr2'asistor base is ccaupled to a respective latch register through biasing rcsistnrs_ Tht three latches axe $11 simultanoously coatteeted to the game data. tints ca the data bus, . _,_t __ ...__. . ... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. -~~ «~ ..~~u~~r~rr~o : a o CA~ 02302227 2000-02-25 ~ ~~~ ~ - -' .- , . Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 This means it is impossible in Phares to change all three LED transistor biases independently and simultaneously. Also, biasing of the transistors is inefficient because power delivered to the L)rDs is smaller than that dissipated in tE~e biasing network. This makes the device poorly suited for ef~cicnt illumination applications. The transistor biasing used by Phares also makes it difficult, if not impossible, to interchange groups of LEDs having different power ratings, and hence different intensity levels.
U.S. patent No. 4,845,481, issued to Havel, is directed to a multicolored display device. Havel addresses some, but not alt of the switching problems associated with Phares. Havel uses a pulse width modulated signal io provide current to respective LEDs at a particular duty cycle. However, no provision is made for precise and rapid control over the colors emitted. As a stand alone unit, the apparatus in navel suggests away from network lighting, and therefore lacks any teaching as to how to implement a pulse 'width modulated computer lighting network. Further, Havel dots not appreciate the use of LF.Ds beyond mere displays, such as for illumination.
1 S U.S. latent No. 5,184,114, issued to Brown, shows an LED display system.
But Brown lacks any suggestion to use LEDs for illumination, or to use LEDs in a configurable computer network environment. U.S. Patent No. 5,134,387, issued to Smith et al., directed to an LED matrix display, contains similar problems. Its rudimentary current control scheme severely limits the passible range of colors that can be displayed.
Disclosed herein is a high performance computer controlled multicolored lighting network, which may be an LED lighting network.
Disclosed herein is a LED lighting network structure capable of both a linear chain of nodes and a binary tree configuration.
Disctased herein is a heat-dissipating housing to contain the lighting units of the lighting network.
AMENDED SHEET
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- CA 02302227 2000-02-25 - "- -'~-" " --Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 Di sclosed herein is a current regulated LED lighting apparatus, wherein the apparatus contains fighting modules each having its own maximum current rating and each conveniently interchangeable with one another.
Disclosed herein is a computer current-controlled LED lighting assembly for use as a general illumination device capable of emitting multiple colors in a continuously programmable 24-bit spectrum.
Disclosed herein are a flashlight, inclinometer, ther~rtometer, general environmental indicator and lightbulb, all utilizing the general computa~
cuaent-control principles of the present invention.
dther aspects of the present disclosure will be apparent from the detailed description below.
SUMMARY OF TIEIE INVENTION
In brief, disclosed herein is a current control for a lighting asseanbly, which may be an LED lighting assembly, which may be a pulse width modulated ("PWM") current contml or other form of current control where each current-controlled unit is uniquely addressable and capable of receiving illumination color information on a computer lighting network. In a further embodiment, the invention includes a binary tree network configuration oFlighting units (nodes). In another embodiment, the present invention comprises a heat dissipating housing, made out of a heat-conductive material, for housing the lighting assembly. The heat dissipating housing contains two stacked cirenit boards holding respectively the power module and the light module, The light module is adapted to be conveniently interchanged with other light modules having pro~ble current, and hence maximum light intensity, ratings. Such other light modules may include organic LEDs, clectro-luminescent strips, and other modules, in addition to conventional LEDs. Other embodiments of the present invention involve novel applications for the general principles described herein.
DESCI~PTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a stylized electrical circuit sch~natic of the light module of the present invention.
_ . . . '11 ( CJL / V V V ~ ~-g~ t39 23994965 : !! 7 --' - . ~~ -- ' "-' -CA 02302227 2000-02-25- - ---- ------Attorney Docket No. ~KC-004.25 Figure 2 is a stylized electrical circuit schematic of the power module of the present invention.
Figure 3 is an exploded view of the housing of one of the embodiments of the prescat invention.
Figure 4 is a plan view of the LED-containing side of the light module of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a plan view of the electrical connector side of the light module of the present invention.
Figure b is a plan view of the power terminal side of the power module of the present invention.
(~ Figure 7 is a plan view of the electrical connector side of the power module of the present invention.
Figure 8 is an exploded view of a flashlight assembly containing the LED
lighting module of the present invention.
Figure 9 is a control block diagram of the environmental indicator of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIOIvT
The structure and operation of a preferred embodiment will now be described.
It should be understood that many other ways of practicing the inventions herein are available, and the embodiments descn'bed herein arc exemplary and not limiting. Taming to Figure 1, shown is an electrical schematic representation of a light module 140 o~the :: present invention. Figures 4 and 5 show the LED-containing side and the electrical connector side of light module 100. Light module 110 is self contained, and is configured to be a standard item interchangeable with any similarly constructed Light module. Light module I 00 contains a ten-pin electrical connector 110 of the geaieral type.
In this embodiment, the connector 110 contains male pins adapted to fit into a complt~nentary ten-pin connector female assembly, to be described below. Pin 180 is the power supply.
A source of DC electrical potential entExs module 100 on pin 180. Pin 180 is electrically connected to the anode end of light enutting diode (LED) sets 120, 144 and 160 to establish a uniform high potential on each anode end.
AMENDED SHEET
...... ..... ..",._,..=.~.~~.._.a"~_- ..__ _.~~- .~-'CA ~02302~227 2000-02-251 ~ ~'~~ ~uum-~ ,.-_,_ +49-89.23994466:~t 8 Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 LED set 120 contains red LEDS, set 140 contains blue and set 160 contains green, each obtainable from the Nichia America Corporation. These LEDs arc primary colors, in the sense that such colors when combined in preselected proportions can gcnerato any color in the spectrum. While three primary colors is preferred, it will be understood that the present invention will function nearly as well with only iwo primary colors to generate any color in the spectrum. Likewise, while the different primary colors are arranged herein on sets of uniformly colored LEDS, it will be appreciated that the same effect may be achieved with single LEDs containing multiple color-emitting semiconductor dins.
LED sets 120, 140 and 160 each preferably contains a seriallparallel array of LEDs in the manner describod by Okuno in U.S. Patent No. 4,298,869. In the present embodiment, LED set 120 contains three parallel connected rows of nine red LEDs (not shown), and LED sets 140 and 160 each contain five parallel connected rows of five blue and green LEDS, respectively (not shown). It is understood by those in the art that, in general, each red LED dmps the potential in the Iine by a lower amount than each blue or green LED, about 2.1 V, compared to 4.0 V, respectively, which accounts for the different row lengths.
This is because the number of LEDs in each row is determined by the amount of voltage drop desired between the anode end at the power supply voltage and the cathode end of the last LED in the row. Also, the parallel arrangement of rows is a fail-safe measure that ensures that the light module 100 will still function even if a single LED in a row fails, thus opening the electrical circuit in that row. The cathode ends of the three parallel rows of nine red LEDs in LED set 120 arc then connected in common, and go to pin 128 on connector 110. Likewise, the cathode ends of the five parallel rows of five blue LEDs in LED set 140 are connected in common, and go to pin 148 on connector 110. The cathode ends of the eve parallel mws of five green LEDs in LED set 160 are connected in commoc~, and go to pin 168 on connector 110. Finally, on light module 100, each LED set is associated with a programming resistor that combines with other components, described below, to program the maximum current through each set of LEDS. Between pin 124 and 126 is resistor 122, 6.2 fl. Betweca pin l44 and 146 is resistor 142, 4.7 La.
Between pin 164 and 166 is resistor ...... ...,. ,...,.__ _ ~~ _.. __ _ _ __._.. _ .__ _ _.. ... _ v CA~ 02302227 2000-02-25'1 ' ~''s~ rvvv-yr~r~ u~_ ~.fa~~q.g.E>6: # 9 Attorney Docket No. CKC-p04.25 162, 4.7 D. Resistor 122 programs maximum current through red LED set 120, resistor 142 programs maximum current through blue LED set 140, and resistor 162 programs maximum current through green LED set 160. The values these resistors should take arc determined empirically, based on the desired maximum light intensity of oath LED set. In the present embodiment, the resistances above program red, bloc and green currents of 70, 50 and 50 pA, respectively.
With the electrical structwe of light module 100 described, attention v~zll now be given to the electrical structure of power module 200, shown in Figure 2.
Figures 6 and 7 show the power terminal side and electrical connector side of an embodiment of power module 200. Like light module 100, power module 200 is self contained.
Interconnection with male pin set 110 is achieved through complementary female pin set 210.
Pin 280 connects with pin 180 for supplying power, delivered to pin 280 from supply 300. Supply 300 is shown as a functional block for simplicity. In actuality, supply 300 can take numeraus forms for generating a DC voltage. In the present embodiment, supply provides 24 Volts through a connection terminal (not shown), coupled to pin 280 through transient protection capacitors (not shown) ofthe general type. 1t will be appreciated that supply 300 may alsa supply a DC voltage altar rectification andlor voltage transformation of an AC supply, as described more fully in L1.S. Patent No. 4,298,869.
Also connected to pin connector 210 are three current programming integrated circuits, ICl~ 220, ICB 240 and rCG 260. Each of these is a three ternzinai adjustable regulator, preferably part ~umbcr LM317E, available from the National 5erniconductor Corporation, Santa Clara, California. Each regulator contains an input terminal, an output terminal and an adjustment terminal, labeled I, 0, and A, respectively. The regulators function to xnaintain~a constant maximum current into the input terminal and out of the output terminal. This maximum current is pre-programmed by settling a resistance between the output and the adjustment terminals. This is because the regulator wil l cause the voltage at the input terminal to settle to AMENDED SHEET
whatever value is needed to cause 1.2S v i~ appear arcross the fixed currern set resistor, - thus causing constsutt currant to flaw. Since each fimetiatts ide~lirtlly, only ICIt 220 wiil nave be dascribcd. First, current enters thi" in.Irut tczaZinai ofICR 220 from pia Z28. ~f ...-.
Gaursc, pin 228 in the powar module is coupled to pia 128 in the lyght ntodttla, and 6 r~csfftrst current dl~eCtly fom the Gathodc end of ti~o red L)*D set 120.
Since resistor 1Z2 is axdi~~rily~dispvsed between the output and adjustment ter~nals of ICR 220 through pints 224/1 Z4 sad ?.241126, resistor 122 programs the satonnt csf taz<rant regulated by ICR
220. 1?ven~ally, the cuctunt output $om the adjUStmeat t~tiusl of IC:~. 220 e~tdra a I~adington driver. In this way, ICR 220 sad assoCiatW toSlsWr 122 pingraxa the ~zmum current through red LHD set 1?d. Similar restlta are achieved with IC'B
end resistor 142 for blue L EED sat 140, and with Tf~ti 260 xnd re~sistar 16a fdr ~r~r, LEh ,.
it _ ~ R.
Bat lfr0. _ . - . . .. ._ The red, blue and green LED aurn~nts~ e~ifea another integxated circuit, IC1384, at respective nodes 324, 344 and 364. IC13$o ~ is preferably a high c~nrontfvulta~ge Darlington drive : p~-t no. bS2003~ available fr4tn the National Semiconductor Carpaiaticm, Santa Clara, California. I~13$0 r5 seed a5 a autx~t sink, and functions tc switch current between respe;,tivc LED sots and gxound 390. .A,s described in the DSZ003 daxashect, Iii contains six seta afDatiington #rausistars 'with appropriate an-board bixring resistdra. As shaven, nodes 324, 34.4 sad 3b4 couple th4 current from t'Ete respectave LED
a sets tp thr~se pain of these Darliugtoa transistors, iu the wail lrnown inanaex to take ~ ad~tage of the fact tha: the Gazreut rating of ~rC1380 may be doubled by using pairs of Darlington tt~nsistor~ tc sink respe~ctivc currents. Each c~f ~thG three an board Darlington piths is used in the fallowiug manner as a switch the base of each Darlington pair i~
coupled to signal inputs a24, 444 and 464., zesp~tively. Htaee, input 424 is the si~a1 input for switching cuaeat through node 324. a»4 thus the red LED set 120.
Japui 44.4 is the signal input for switnking cuzrrnt though soda 344, aQd thu.~ the blue 1:.1~ set 140, Input 464 is the signal input far switching c~reut through code 364, and thus the green T.xl7 sot 160, Signal inpuis k24, 44-4 and 4fi~ arc couploct to respe~ctivs signal vucputs 434, 45.4 attd 47d on microeonzroller (C2 _'F_ 400, as described bclo'w. )'n essence, when s high fr~usr~cy squaro waYa is incident on a rCSpcctive signal ipp'rit, ~IC138U SWitthCS cliiTCTlt'th~0ugh 8 rcSpCCtlve ri0da With the idcntcal &equenay and duty cycle. 'thus; iu operation, the states of signal inputs 424, 441.
. , and 46a directly correlate with the oparittg and closing of thG power circuit through respective ~.ED sets I~d,1.40 and 160.
The structure and b~eratf on of micraeontroller IG'2 440 will na~r lx drscn~bed.
MtcrncontrQllrr TC2 40Q is preferably g MICRO brand PIC16C63; although almost ~Y Pmp~'lY Pm?med miaz~ocontraller or nsicrogroccssvr cart perf~ the software firnctioag dcscriba~d hewn. ThC main ilmation ofmicmconxrallcr IC2 A~00 is W
convert nutrtetica! data received on s~Grial ltx pin 52o inm three indepe»~dmt high frequency sqcare waves of uniform frequarttcy but independent duty ayclcs on sigttai ott~ut pins 434, ~~4 and a7a. The Figure 2 ~~xrsentadpn of microcarr~nallci 1C2 404 i9 partially stylized, in that pGrsaru of sleilt in the art will apprecf ste that aartain of the twonty-eight ataadard pins have been omitted or combined far greatest claaty.
1 S Mictocontmilcr IC2 400 is gmwered through pin 450, which is coupled to a 5 Yolt sourco of DC power 70D. Scturoe 90U is. prGfvrahiy driven from supply 300 'through a coupling trot slNOwtt) that includes a voltago regulator (rat sho~rm). Ax1 exemplary voltage regulates is iho LM340 3-terminal positive regulator, available &cm tho Natiaaal Semicronductar Cerporation, ~rvata Ciara, Cali.fomia. Those of slrilt is the axt wilt 2Q appreciate that most mioroeoncrollers, end ninny other indepencicutly powered digital integrated circuits, are rated for nn mare thx~ a ~ Volt pewee' s~aurcc. The clack frequency of tnicracvntraIler IC2 400 is set by crystal 484, coupled through appropriate pins, pin 49D i9 the micrecontrollcr r('2 400 ground referer~cb.
Switch GOU is ~e twelve Iaasidon dig ~wi tch that may be alterably and mechanically 2i set to varaqucly identif~r the rnicroco~ttrolxor I('~ 4C~a, Wlxcn individual ones of the t,~ive mechanical switches within trip switch 500 are elased, apath is gerex~ated firm corresponding pins 6S0 on ~cractmtmllcr IC2. 4ot1 to ground b9U.
_ _ .. . _.. __. _ ;~ _ _ __ _._ . . __._. ~-CA 02302227 2000-02- -251 ~ ~'~l-~uuu~ _____ +49 .8J _Z3JJ4-466:~I12 Attorney Docket No. C.I~C-004.25 Twelve switches create 2" possible settings, allowing any microcontrollcr IC2 404 to take on one of 4096 different IDs, or addresses. In the preferred embodiment, only nine switches are actually used because the DMX-512 protocol, discussed below, is employed.
Once switch 600 is set, microcontroller IC2 400 "knows" its unique address ("who am I"), and "listens" on serial line 520 for a data stream specifically addressed to it. A
high speed network protocol, preferably a D1V1'~ protocol, is used to address network data to each individually addressed microcontrollcr IC2 400 from a central network controller (not shown). The DMX protocol is described in a United States Theatre Technology, Inc.
publication entitled "DMX512I1990 Digital Data Transmission Standard for Dinuners and Controllers." Basically, in the network protocol used herein, a central controller (not shown) creates a stream of nttwork data consisting of sequential data packets.
Each packet fast contains a header, which is checked for conformance to the standard and discarded, followed by a stream of sequential bytes representing data for sequentially addressed devices. For instance, if the data packet is intended for light number fifteen, then fourteen bytes from the data stream will be discarded, and the device will save byte number fifteen. If as in the preferred cmbodimeslt, more than one byte is needed, then the address is considered to be a starting address, and more than one byte is saved and utilized. Each byte corresponds to a decimal number 0 to 255, linearly representing the desired intensity from O$to Full. (For simplicity, details of the data packets such as headers and stop bits are omitted from this description, and will be well appreciated by those of skill in the art.) This way, each of the three LE17 colors is assigned a discrete intensity value between 0 and 255. These respective intensity values are stored in respective registers within. the memory of microcvntroller IC2 400 (not shown). Once the central controller exhausts all data packets, it starts aver in a continuous refresh cycle.
The refresh cycle is define by the standard to be a m,ini,mum of 1196 microseconds, and a maximum of 1 second.
Microcontroller IC2 400 is programmed continually to "listen" for its data stream.
When microcvntroller rC2 400 is "listening," but before it detects a data _y_ AMENDED SHEET
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..._.
Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 packet intended for it, it is running a routine designed tv create the square wave signal outputs on pins 434, 454 and 474. The values in the color registers determine the duty cycle of the square wave. Since each register can cake on a value from 0 to 255, these values create 2~6 possible different duty cycles in a linear range from 0% to 100%. Since the square wave frequency is uniform and determined by the program running in the miemcontmller 1C2 400, these different discrete duty cycles represent variations in the width of the square wave pulses. This is known as pulse width modulation (PVYNl~.
The pWM interrupt routine is implemented using a simple counter, incrementing from 0 to 255 in a cycle during each period of the square wave output on pins 434, 454 and 474. When the counter rolls over to zero, all three signals arc set high.
Once the counter equals the register value, signal output is changed to low, When microcontroller ICZ X100 receives new data, it freezes the counter, copies the new data to the working registers, compares the new register values with the current count and updates the output pins accordingly, and then restarts the counter exactly where it left off.
Thus, intensity values may be updated in the middle of the PWM cycle. Freezing the counter and simultaneously updating the signal outputs has at least two advantages. First, it allows each lighting unit to quickly pulse/stmbe as a strobe light does. Such stmbing happens when the central controller sends network data having high intensity values alternately with network data having zero intensity values at a rapid rate. If one restarted the counter without first updating the signal outputs, then the human cyc would be able to perceive the staggered deactivation of each individual color LED that is set at a different pulse width.
This feature is net of eoneem in incandescent lights because of the integrating effect associated with the heating and cooling cycle of the illununation element.
LEDS, unlike incandescent elements, activate and deactivate essentially instantaneously in the present application. The second advantage is that one can "dim" the LEDs without the flickering that would otherwise occur if the counter were reset to zero.. The central controller can send a continuous dimming signal whrn it creates a sequence of intensity values representing a uniform and proportional decrease in light intensity for -iu-AMENDED SHEET
.... . . . ,... . ~ w~ ~ cy r omc r vvv~ T~r:~ ~s~ ~LJJ:Yf~9Uit~ : H 19~
-~- - ~ - - -' ~- '-- v CA 02302227 2000-02-25 - - ' - ' ' ----'- - ~ ' - ' Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 each color LED. If one did not update the oatput signals before restarting the counter, there is a possibility that a single color LED will go through nearly two cycles without experiencing the zero current state of its duty cycle. For instance, assume the red register is set at 4 and the counter is set at 3 when it is frozen. Here, the counter is frozen just before the "off part" of the pWM cycle is to occur for the red LEDS. Nvw assume that the network data changes the value in the red register from 4 to 2 and the counter is restarted without deactivating the output signal. fivcn though the counter is greater than the intensity value in the red register, the output state is still "on", meaning that maximtun current is still flowing through the red LEDS. Meanwhile, the blue and green LEDs will probably tum off at their appropriate times in the pWM cycle. This would be perceived by the human eye as a red flicker in the course of dimming the color intensities. Freezing the counter and updating the output for the rest of the PWM cycle overcomes these disadvantages, ensuring the flicker does not occur.
The network interface for microcontroller 1C2 400 will now be descn'bed. Jacks 800 and 900 are standard R1-8 network jacks. Jack 800 is used as an input jack, and is shown for simplicity a,s having only three inputs: signal inputs 860, 870 and ground 850.
1'Tetwork data caters jack 800 and passes through signal inputs 860 and 870.
These signal inputs are then coupled to IC3 500, which is an RS-4S5lR.S-422 di~'erential bus repeater of the standard type, preferably a DS96177 from the National Semiconductor Corporation, ZO Santa Clara, California. The signal inputs 860, 870 enter IC3 500 at pins SfO, 570. The data signal is passed through from pin 510 to pin 520 on microcontroller IC2 440. The same data signal is then returned from pin 540 on IC2 400 to pin S30 on IC3 500. Jack 900 is used as as output jack and is shown for simplicity as having only five outputs:
E~~' signal outputs 960, 970, 980, 990 and ground 950. Outputs 960 and 970 arc split directly from input lines 860 and 870, respectively. Outputs 9S0 and 990 come directly from IC3 S00 pins 580 and 590, respectively. It will be appreciated that the foregoing assembly enables tvvo network nodes to be connected for receiving the network data,.
Thus, a network may be AMENDED SHEET
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~ CA 02302227 2000-02-25-. Attorney Docket No. CKC~004.25 constructed as a daisy chain, if only single nodes are strung together, or as a binary tree, if two nodes are attached to the output of each single node.
From the foregoing description, one can see that an addressable network of LED
illumination or display units can be constructed from a collection of power modules each connected to a respective light module. As Iong as at least two primary color LEDs arc used, any illurni.nation or display color may be generated simply by preselecting the light intensity that each color LED emits. Further, each color LED can emit light at any of 255 different intensities, depe~~ding on the duty cycle of PWM square wave, with a frill intensity pulse generated by passing maximum current through the LED. Further still, the;
maximum intensity can be conveniently programmed simply by adjusting the ceiling for the maximum allowable current using programming resisrtances for the current regulators residing on the light module. Light modules of different maximum current ratings may thereby be conveniently interchanged.
The foregoing embodiment may reside in any number of different housings. A
IS preferred housing for an illumination unit is described. Turning now to Figure 3, there is shown an exploded view of an illumination unit of the present invention comprising a substantially cylindrical body section 10, a light module 20, a conductive sleeve 30, a power module 40, a second conductive sleeve 50, and an enclosure plate 60. It is to be assumed here that the light module 24 and the power module 40 contain the electrical structure and software of light module 100 and power module 200, descn'bed above.
Screws 62, 64, 66, 68 allow the entire apparatus to be mechanically wnneeted.
Body section 10, conductive sleeves 30 and 50 and enclosure plate b0 are preferably made from a material that conducts heat, most preferably aluminum. Body section 10 has an open end 11, a reflective interior portion 12 and an illumination end 13, to which module 20 is mechanically affixed. Light module 20 is disk shaped and has two sides. The illumination side (not shown) comprises a plurality of LEDs. of different primacy colors.
The connection side holds an electrical connector male pin assembly 22. Both the illumination side and the connection side are coated with aluminum surfaces to better allow the conduction of ?scat outward frem. the plurality of L1~Ds to the body aeGdan 10. Likewvise, power a~todulc 40 is disk shaped wrd has every available surface covered with aluminum for the same reason. Power module a4 has a ~ct,naction side holding err electrical connector fomata pin, assembly 44 adapted to Ft l the pug fra~m~asseaably~2. Pa~ovcr modals 44 has a power terminal side holding a tcnninal X42 for connecdan to a sowrce ofD~C povre~
Any sr~sdard AO or DC jack may be used, as appropriate.
tntrrposed bawoGn lightunodule 20 arid power module ~40 is a cottdncdva aluminum sleeve 30, which substantially ericloaes the spaac bdw~eeu modules ~4 and 4U.
As shnvvn, a disk-shaped eaclosuce glare tt4 and screws 6.3, 64, d5 sad 68 seal all of ttie componetlts together, and cottductive sleeve 34 is thus irJtcrposed between enclQszure plate b0 and power module d0. Once xaaled together as $ unit, the illumination apparatus may ho connected tv a data aetwark as dQSCribed above and mounted in. any conv~nir.,tct tnanaaer to ilTumfnato an area. In operation, preferebiy a ligrit diffudng rtitans will be inserted in body suction I o to cnsuro that the .I.IrDs urn light module 20 appear to emit a single uniform frequency of light.
From the foregoing, it wdl be appraciat~ed that P1NM cttrrmt crnttlol of LEDS'tQ
prodwce multiple coiars raay ha incorporated intro cautuiess environments, with err without nCtwa~rlc~_ For instance, Figure g shows a baud-hold flashlight eau be mado t8 shine any conceivable solar using au LEl~ assembly of the present invention. The flashlight , canta.ins eC cxtrrnal adjus~neat means 5, th,st sissy ho for instance.a sef of three poteatiomcters couplc8 to an appropriately prograxrtuted micxoca>'atrallcr 92 through respective A/D conversion means 15. Ersch, potcntlQZnatex would caatrcil the current duty cycle, at7d thus the illuinination.latensity, ofsn ladivfdual color LEI7 on GED board 25_ With tftreo settings each capab3c of generating a~ di~creat byto from 4 to 255, a camput~r-S controlled flashlight may generate twent~~-four bit polar. C3f course. three individyaaT
potentiometers carr be ineorpvra.tod inter a single drvice, such as a trade ball or joysticlw, sa as to be 4pex'abte as a single adjuster. Fsxtlher, it ix not necessary that flee adjustment means tuner be a potetltiomctcr. Far insiauae, a capacities or resistive thumb plate may also be used to pro~am th$ twn or three rCg'tsters ndecssaty to sat the color.
A lens 34 assembly 93 may he provided for rullectin~ the exnittsx! light. A non-hand held embodiment of rise present -Z3.-m. v . v v.v . u-n -:w.u.-.:w.r,t.:v-vw_ _ ~ r,- v- ~;~ _. . . rv ~ ' ri 1 7 t3'l. 7UUU-v +~~5 f;~ '~:3~1f344fiF : b 17 - - CA 02302227 2000-02-25'- -Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 invention may be used as an underwater swimming pool light. Since the present invention can operate at relatively low voltages and love current, it is uniquely suited for safe underwater operation.
Similarly, the present invention may be used as a general indicator of any given environmental condition. Figure 9 shows the general functional block diagram for such an apparatus. Shown within Figure 9 is also an exemplary chart showing the duty cycles of the three color LEDs during an exemplary period. As one example of ari environmental indicator 96, the power module can be coupled to an inclinometer. The inclinometer measures general angular orientation with respect to the earth's center of gravity. The inclinometer's angle signal can be converted through as AID converter 94 and coupled to the data inputs of the,rnicrocontrollcr 92 in the power module. The microcontroller 92 can then be programmed to assign tech discrete angular orientation a different color thmugh the use of a lookup table associating angles with LED color register values.
The microcontroller 92 may be coupled to a transceiver 95 for transmitting and receiving signals, such as rR signals or electromagnetic signals. A current switch 90, coupled to the microcontroller 92, may be used to control the current supply to LEDs 120, 140, and 160 of different colors. The "color inclinometef' may be used for safety, such as in airplane cockpits, or for novelty, such as to illuminate the sails on a sailboat that sways in the water. Another indicator use is to provide an easily readable visual temperature indication. For example, a digital thermometer can be connected to provide the micmcontroller a temperature reading. Each temperature will be associated with a particular set of register values, and hence a particular color oufiput. A
plurality of such "color thermometers" can be located over a large space, such as a storage freezer, to allow '...
~'' simple usual inspection of temperature over throe dimensions.
Another use of the present invention is as a Iightbulb. Using appropriate rectifier and voltage transformation means, the entire power and light.modulcs may be plsacd in an Edison-mount (screw-type) lightbulb housing. Each bulb can be prod with particular register values to deliver a particular color bulb, including white. The current regulator can be preprogrammed to give a desired current rating and thus preset light intensity. Naturally, the lightbulb may have a transparent or translucent section that allows the passage of light into ttie ambient.
AMENDED SHEET
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___.... . __ _.
Attorney Docket No. CKC-004.25 ' While the foregoing has been a detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention, the claims which follow define more freoly tie scope of invention to which applicant is entitled. Modifications or improvements which may not come within the S explicit language of the claims described in the preferred embodiments should be treated as within the scope of invention insofar as they arE equivalent or otherwise consistent with the contribution over the prior art and such contribution is not to be limited to specific embodiments disclosed AMENDED SHEET
Claims (135)
1. An illumination apparatus to provide ambient illumination, comprising:
at least one LED-based light source configured to output at least first radiation having a first spectrum and second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum; and at least one controller coupled to the at least one LED-based light source and configured to independently control at least a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation using a pulse width modulation (PWM) technique so as to controllably vary at least an overall color of a total visible radiation generated by the illumination apparatus.
at least one LED-based light source configured to output at least first radiation having a first spectrum and second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum; and at least one controller coupled to the at least one LED-based light source and configured to independently control at least a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation using a pulse width modulation (PWM) technique so as to controllably vary at least an overall color of a total visible radiation generated by the illumination apparatus.
2. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one controller is configured to independently control at least the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation such that the total visible radiation generated by the illumination apparatus represents a single observable color at a given time.
3. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one controller is configured to independently control at least the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation so as to controllably vary an overall intensity of the total visible radiation generated by the apparatus.
4. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one controller is configured to independently control at least the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation such that the total visible radiation has a sufficient intensity to effectively illuminate a space.
5. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one controller is configured to independently control at least the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation so as to produce a dynamic lighting effect as perceived by an observer.
6. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one LED-based light source further is configured to output third radiation having a third spectrum different than the first spectrum and the second spectrum, and wherein the at least one controller is further adapted to independently control a third intensity of the third radiation using the pulse width modulation technique.
7. The illumination apparatus of claim 6, wherein the at least one LED-based light source includes at least one blue LED.
8. The illumination apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one LED-based light source includes at least one red LED, at least one green LED, and at least one blue LED.
9. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one optical element disposed in a path of at least the first radiation and the second radiation to optically process at least the first radiation and the second radiation.
10. The illumination apparatus of claim 9, wherein the at least one optical element is configured to receive at least the first and second radiation and to display a color that is a combination of at least the first and second radiation.
11. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, further including at least one sensor to monitor at least one detectable condition, wherein the at least one controller is configured to further control the at least one LED-based light source in response to the at least one detectable condition.
12. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the at least one LED-based light source includes at least one first LED to generate the first radiation and at least one second LED to generate the second radiation;
the at least one controller includes at least one first register associated with the at least one first LED and at least one second register associated with the at least one second LED; and the at least one controller is configured to program the at least one first register and the at least one second register to implement the pulse width modulation technique.
the at least one LED-based light source includes at least one first LED to generate the first radiation and at least one second LED to generate the second radiation;
the at least one controller includes at least one first register associated with the at least one first LED and at least one second register associated with the at least one second LED; and the at least one controller is configured to program the at least one first register and the at least one second register to implement the pulse width modulation technique.
13. The illumination apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least one controller is configured to respond to user operation of at least one user interface in communication with the at least one controller, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to program the at least one first register and the at least one second register based on the user operation of the at least one user interface.
14. The illumination apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least one controller is configured to program the at least one first register and the at least one second register based on at least one control signal received from a network.
15. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the LED-based light source includes a plurality of LEDs, and wherein the at least one controller includes at least one adjustable regulator configured to variably regulate power to at least one LED
of the plurality of LEDs.
of the plurality of LEDs.
16. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the at least one LED-based light source includes at least one first LED to generate the first radiation and at least one second LED to generate the second radiation;
the at least one controller includes a first switch and a second switch respectively associated with the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED;
and the at least one controller is configured to control the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED by turning the first and second switches on and off to implement the PWM technique.
the at least one LED-based light source includes at least one first LED to generate the first radiation and at least one second LED to generate the second radiation;
the at least one controller includes a first switch and a second switch respectively associated with the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED;
and the at least one controller is configured to control the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED by turning the first and second switches on and off to implement the PWM technique.
17. The illumination apparatus of claim 16, wherein the at least one controller is configured to implement the PWM technique such that at least one visibly perceivable artifact in at least the first radiation and the second radiation is reduced.
18. The illumination apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one visibly perceivable artifact includes a flicker effect, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to implement the PWM technique such that the flicker effect is reduced.
19. The illumination apparatus of claim 18, wherein the at least one controller is configured to be capable of varying an overall intensity of illumination generated by the apparatus with essentially no perceivable flicker effect.
20. The illumination apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one controller includes:
at least one first register associated with the at least one first LED to store a first intensity value representing a first PWM control signal;
at least one second register associated with the at least one second LED to store a second intensity value representing a second PWM control signal; and at least one PWM counter, wherein:
the at least one controller is configured to program at least the at least one first register and the at least one second register with the first and second intensity values; and the at least one controller is configured to generate the first and second PWM
control signals based on a comparison of the at least one PWM counter to the first and second intensity values, respectively.
at least one first register associated with the at least one first LED to store a first intensity value representing a first PWM control signal;
at least one second register associated with the at least one second LED to store a second intensity value representing a second PWM control signal; and at least one PWM counter, wherein:
the at least one controller is configured to program at least the at least one first register and the at least one second register with the first and second intensity values; and the at least one controller is configured to generate the first and second PWM
control signals based on a comparison of the at least one PWM counter to the first and second intensity values, respectively.
21. The illumination apparatus of claim 20, wherein the first and second intensity values represent respective duty cycles of the first and second PWM control signals.
22. The illumination apparatus of claim 20, wherein the at least one controller is configured to freeze the at least one PWM counter when at least one of the at least one first register and the at least one second register is programmed with a new intensity value.
23. The illumination apparatus of claim 22, wherein the at least one controller is configured to update at least one of the first PWM control signal and the second PWM
control signal based on the new intensity value after the at least one PWM
counter is frozen, and then restart the at least one PWM counter where it left off after the at least one of the first PWM control signal and the second PWM control signal is updated.
control signal based on the new intensity value after the at least one PWM
counter is frozen, and then restart the at least one PWM counter where it left off after the at least one of the first PWM control signal and the second PWM control signal is updated.
24. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one controller includes at least one modular connection to facilitate coupling of the at least one controller to the at least one LED-based light source.
25. The illumination apparatus of claim 24, wherein:
the at least one LED-based light source includes at least one first LED to generate the first radiation and at least one second LED to generate the second radiation;
the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED are supported by a first substrate;
the at least one controller is supported by a second substrate; and the at least one modular connection facilitates mechanical and electrical coupling of the first substrate and the second substrate.
the at least one LED-based light source includes at least one first LED to generate the first radiation and at least one second LED to generate the second radiation;
the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED are supported by a first substrate;
the at least one controller is supported by a second substrate; and the at least one modular connection facilitates mechanical and electrical coupling of the first substrate and the second substrate.
26. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one controller is configured to respond to user operation of at least one user interface in communication with the at least one controller so as to independently control at least the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation.
27. The illumination apparatus of claim 26, further comprising the at least one user interface.
28. The illumination apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one user interface comprises at least one external adjustment means.
29. The illumination apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one user interface consists of a single user-operated device to control the at least one controller.
30. The illumination apparatus of claim 27, wherein:
the at least one LED-based light source includes at least one first LED to generate the first radiation and at least one second LED to generate the second radiation;
the at least one controller includes at least one first register associated with the at least one first LED and at least one second register associated with the at least one second LED; and the at least one user interface and the at least one controller are configured to program the at least one first register and the at least one second register based on the user operation.
the at least one LED-based light source includes at least one first LED to generate the first radiation and at least one second LED to generate the second radiation;
the at least one controller includes at least one first register associated with the at least one first LED and at least one second register associated with the at least one second LED; and the at least one user interface and the at least one controller are configured to program the at least one first register and the at least one second register based on the user operation.
31. The illumination apparatus of claim 30, wherein:
the at least one user interface and the at least one controller are configured to program, based on the user operation, the at least one first register and the at least one second register with intensity values representing duty cycles of PWM control signals.
the at least one user interface and the at least one controller are configured to program, based on the user operation, the at least one first register and the at least one second register with intensity values representing duty cycles of PWM control signals.
32. The illumination apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one user interface comprises at least one of at least one potentiometer, a thumb plate, a trackball, a joystick, a switch, and a network interface.
33. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a voltage converter to convert an AC potential to a DC power source to supply DC power to at least the at least one controller.
34. The illumination apparatus of claim 33, wherein the DC power source supplies DC
power to the at least one LED-based light source.
power to the at least one LED-based light source.
35. The illumination apparatus of claim 34, wherein:
the at least one LED-based light source includes at least one first LED to generate the first radiation and at least one second LED to generate the second radiation;
the at least one controller includes a first switch and a second switch respectively associated with the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED;
and the at least one controller is configured to control the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED by turning the first and second switches on and off to implement the PWM technique.
the at least one LED-based light source includes at least one first LED to generate the first radiation and at least one second LED to generate the second radiation;
the at least one controller includes a first switch and a second switch respectively associated with the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED;
and the at least one controller is configured to control the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED by turning the first and second switches on and off to implement the PWM technique.
36. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a housing to support the at least one controller and the at least one LED-based light source.
37. The illumination apparatus of claim 36, wherein the housing includes at least one electrically conductive portion.
38. The illumination apparatus of claim 36, wherein the housing includes at least one heat conductive portion.
39. The illumination apparatus of claim 36, wherein the housing includes at least one light diffuser disposed in the path of the first radiation and the second radiation.
40. The illumination apparatus of claim 36, wherein the housing is configured such that the apparatus is a hand-held illumination device.
41. The illumination apparatus of claim 36, wherein the housing is configured such that the apparatus is an underwater swimming pool light.
42. The illumination apparatus of claim 36, wherein the housing is configured such that the at least one controller and the at least one LED-based light source are substantially enclosed by the housing.
43. The illumination apparatus of claim 36, wherein the housing is configured to resemble a conventional light bulb.
44. The illumination apparatus of claim 36, wherein the housing includes at least one power connection coupled to the at least one controller, the at least one power connection configured to engage mechanically and electrically with a conventional light socket.
45. The illumination apparatus of claim 44, wherein the at least one power connection is configured as an Edison-type screw base power connection.
46. The illumination apparatus of claim 36, further comprising at least one user interface, wherein the at least one controller is configured to control the at least one LED-based light source in response to user operation of the at least one user interface.
47. The illumination apparatus of claim 46, wherein the at least one user interface is integrated with the housing.
48. The illumination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one controller is configured as an addressable controller capable of receiving at least one network signal including address information and lighting information.
49. The illumination apparatus of claim 48, wherein the addressable controller is configured to control the at least one LED-based light source based at least in part on the lighting information.
50. The illumination apparatus of claim 48, wherein the at least one network signal is provided to the addressable controller based at least in part on user operation of the at least one user interface in communication with the addressable controller.
51. The illumination apparatus of claims 48, wherein the at least one network signal includes address information and lighting information for a plurality of illumination apparatus, wherein the lighting information includes intensity values for LED-based light sources of the plurality of illumination apparatus, and wherein the addressable controller is configured to process the network signal based on an address of the addressable controller and the address information in the network signal to recover from the lighting information the intensity values for at least the LED-based light source of the illumination apparatus.
52. The illumination apparatus of claim 48, wherein the addressable controller has an alterable address.
53. The illumination apparatus of claim 48, wherein the at least one network signal is formatted using a DMX protocol, and wherein the addressable controller is configured to control the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED based at least in part on the DMX protocol.
54. The illumination apparatus of claim 48, in combination with a central network controller that is configured to generate the at least one network signal.
55. The combination of claim 54, further including at least one second illumination apparatus coupled to the central network controller to form a lighting system, the at least one second illumination apparatus including at least one second LED-based light source and at least one second addressable controller to receive the at least one network signal generated by the central network controller.
56. In an illumination apparatus comprising at least one first LED adapted to output at least first radiation having a first spectrum and at least one second LED
adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum, an illumination control method, comprising acts of:
a) independently controlling a first intensity of the at least first radiation using a pulse width modulation (PWM) technique; and b) independently controlling a second intensity of the at least one second radiation using the PWM technique to controllably vary at least an overall color of a total visible radiation generated by the illumination apparatus.
adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum, an illumination control method, comprising acts of:
a) independently controlling a first intensity of the at least first radiation using a pulse width modulation (PWM) technique; and b) independently controlling a second intensity of the at least one second radiation using the PWM technique to controllably vary at least an overall color of a total visible radiation generated by the illumination apparatus.
57. The illumination method of claim 56, wherein the first intensity of the at least first radiation and the second intensity of the at least one second radiation are independently controlled such that the total visible radiation generated by the illumination apparatus represents a single observable color at a given time.
58. The illumination method of claim 56, wherein the first intensity of the at least first radiation and the second intensity of the at least one second radiation are independently controlled so as to controllably vary an overall intensity of the total visible radiation.
59. The illumination method of claim 56, wherein the first intensity of the at least first radiation and the second intensity of the at least one second radiation are independently controlled such that the total visible radiation has a sufficient intensity to effectively illuminate a space.
60. The illumination method of claim 56, wherein the first intensity of the at least first radiation and the second intensity of the at least one second radiation are independently controlled so as to produce a dynamic lighting effect as perceived by an observer.
61. The illumination method of claim 56, wherein the illumination apparatus further comprises at least one third LED adapted to output third radiation having a third spectrum different than the first spectrum and the second spectrum, wherein the method further includes an act of:
independently controlling a third intensity of the third radiation using the PWM
technique.
independently controlling a third intensity of the third radiation using the PWM
technique.
62. The illumination method of claim 61, wherein at least one of the at least one first LED, the at least one second LED, and the at least one third LED includes at least one blue LED.
63. The illumination method of claim 61, wherein the at least one first LED, the at least one second LED, and the at least one third LED respectively include at least one red LED, at least one green LED, and at least one blue LED.
64. The illumination method of claim 56, further comprising an act of:
optically processing at least the first radiation and the second radiation.
optically processing at least the first radiation and the second radiation.
65. The illumination method of claim 64, wherein the act of optically processing includes an act of:
optically processing at least the first and second radiation so as to display a color that is a combination of at least the first and second radiation.
optically processing at least the first and second radiation so as to display a color that is a combination of at least the first and second radiation.
66. The illumination method of claim 56, wherein the illumination apparatus further includes at least one sensor to monitor at least one detectable condition, and wherein the method further includes an act of:
controlling the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED in response to the at least one detectable condition.
controlling the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED in response to the at least one detectable condition.
67. The illumination method of claim 56, wherein the illumination apparatus includes at least one first register associated with the at least one first LED and at least one second register associated with the at least one second LED, and wherein the method further includes an act of:
c) programming the at least one first register and the at least one second register to implement the PWM technique.
c) programming the at least one first register and the at least one second register to implement the PWM technique.
68. The illumination method of claim 67, further comprising an act of:
performing the act c) in response to user operation of at least one user interface.
performing the act c) in response to user operation of at least one user interface.
69. The illumination method of claim 67, further comprising an act of performing the act c) in response to at least one control signal received from a network.
70. The illumination method of claim 56, wherein the method further includes an act of:
variably regulating power to at least one of the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED.
variably regulating power to at least one of the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED.
71. The illumination method of claim 56, wherein each of the at least one first LED
and the at least one second LED are associated with a switch, and wherein the method further includes an act of:
controlling the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED by turning the respective switches on and off to implement the PWM technique.
and the at least one second LED are associated with a switch, and wherein the method further includes an act of:
controlling the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED by turning the respective switches on and off to implement the PWM technique.
72. The illumination method of claim 56, wherein the method further includes an act of:
c) implementing the PWM technique such that at least one visibly perceivable artifact in at least the first radiation and the second radiation is reduced.
c) implementing the PWM technique such that at least one visibly perceivable artifact in at least the first radiation and the second radiation is reduced.
73. The illumination method of claim 72, wherein the at least one visibly perceivable artifact includes a flicker effect, and wherein the act c) includes an act of implementing the PWM technique such that the flicker effect is reduced.
74. The illumination method of claim 73, wherein the act c) includes an act of varying an overall intensity of illumination generated by the apparatus with essentially no perceivable flicker effect.
75. The illumination method of claim 72, wherein the illumination apparatus includes:
at least one first register associated with the at least one first LED to store a first intensity value representing a first PWM control signal;
at least one second register associated with the at least one second LED to store a second intensity value representing a second PWM control signal; and at least one PWM counter, and wherein the act c) includes acts of:
d) programming at least the at least one first register and the at least one second register with the first and second intensity values, respectively, based on the user operation; and e) generating the first and second PWM control signals based on a comparison of the at least one PWM counter to the first and second intensity values, respectively.
at least one first register associated with the at least one first LED to store a first intensity value representing a first PWM control signal;
at least one second register associated with the at least one second LED to store a second intensity value representing a second PWM control signal; and at least one PWM counter, and wherein the act c) includes acts of:
d) programming at least the at least one first register and the at least one second register with the first and second intensity values, respectively, based on the user operation; and e) generating the first and second PWM control signals based on a comparison of the at least one PWM counter to the first and second intensity values, respectively.
76. The illumination method of claim 75, wherein the first and second intensity values represent respective duty cycles of the first and second PWM control signals.
77. The illumination method of claim 75, wherein the act e) includes an act of f) freezing the at least one PWM counter when at least one of the at least one first register and the at least one second register is programmed with a new intensity value.
78. The illumination method of claim 77, wherein the act f) further includes acts of:
g) updating at least one of the first PWM control signal and the second PWM
control signal based on the new intensity value after the at least one PWM
counter is frozen in the act f); and h) restarting the at least one PWM counter where it left off after the at least one of the first PWM control signal and the second PWM control signal is updated in the act g).
g) updating at least one of the first PWM control signal and the second PWM
control signal based on the new intensity value after the at least one PWM
counter is frozen in the act f); and h) restarting the at least one PWM counter where it left off after the at least one of the first PWM control signal and the second PWM control signal is updated in the act g).
79. The illumination method of claim 56, wherein the method further includes acts of:
a1) receiving at least one addressed network signal including lighting information;
and a2) controlling at least the first intensity and the second intensity based at least in part on the lighting information.
a1) receiving at least one addressed network signal including lighting information;
and a2) controlling at least the first intensity and the second intensity based at least in part on the lighting information.
80. The illumination method of claim 79, wherein the act a1) includes an act of receiving the at least one addressed network signal based at least in part on user operation of at least one user interface.
81. The illumination method of claim 79, wherein the at least one addressed network signal includes address information and lighting information for a plurality of illumination apparatus, wherein the lighting information includes intensity values for LEDs of the plurality of illumination apparatus, wherein the illumination apparatus has an address, and wherein the act a2) includes an act of:
processing the at least one addressed network signal based on the address of the illumination apparatus and the address information in the network signal to recover the intensity values for at least the first and second LEDs of the illumination apparatus.
processing the at least one addressed network signal based on the address of the illumination apparatus and the address information in the network signal to recover the intensity values for at least the first and second LEDs of the illumination apparatus.
82. The illumination method of claim 79, wherein the act al) includes an act of:
receiving the at least one addressed network signal from a central network controller.
receiving the at least one addressed network signal from a central network controller.
83. The illumination method of claim 79, wherein the at least one addressed network signal is formatted using a DMX protocol, and wherein the act a2) includes an act of:
controlling the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED based at least in part on the DMX protocol.
controlling the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED based at least in part on the DMX protocol.
84. In an illumination apparatus comprising at least one first LED adapted to output at least first radiation having a first spectrum and at least one second LED
adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum, an illumination control method, comprising acts of:
a) implementing a pulse width modulation (PWM) technique to control at least the first intensity of the first radiation; and b) implementing the PWM technique to control at least the second intensity of the second radiation such that at least one visibly perceivable artifact in at least the first radiation and the second radiation is reduced.
adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum, an illumination control method, comprising acts of:
a) implementing a pulse width modulation (PWM) technique to control at least the first intensity of the first radiation; and b) implementing the PWM technique to control at least the second intensity of the second radiation such that at least one visibly perceivable artifact in at least the first radiation and the second radiation is reduced.
85. The illumination method of claim 84, wherein the at least one visibly perceivable artifact includes a flicker effect, and wherein the method includes an act of:
implementing the PWM technique such that the flicker effect is reduced.
implementing the PWM technique such that the flicker effect is reduced.
86. The illumination method of claim 85, wherein the method includes an act of:
varying an overall intensity of illumination generated by the apparatus with essentially no perceivable flicker effect.
varying an overall intensity of illumination generated by the apparatus with essentially no perceivable flicker effect.
87. The illumination method of claim 84, wherein the illumination apparatus further includes:
at least one first register associated with the at least one first LED to store a first intensity value representing a first PWM control signal;
at least one second register associated with the at least one second LED to store a second intensity value representing a second PWM control signal; and at least one PWM counter, and wherein the method includes acts of:
c) programming at least the at least one first register and the at least one second register with the first and second intensity values, respectively; and d) generating the first and second PWM control signals based on a comparison of the at least one PWM counter to the first and second intensity values, respectively.
at least one first register associated with the at least one first LED to store a first intensity value representing a first PWM control signal;
at least one second register associated with the at least one second LED to store a second intensity value representing a second PWM control signal; and at least one PWM counter, and wherein the method includes acts of:
c) programming at least the at least one first register and the at least one second register with the first and second intensity values, respectively; and d) generating the first and second PWM control signals based on a comparison of the at least one PWM counter to the first and second intensity values, respectively.
88. The illumination method of claim 87, wherein the first and second intensity values represent respective duty cycles of the first and second PWM control signals.
89. The illumination method of claim 87, wherein the act d) includes an act of:
e) freezing the at least one PWM counter when at least one of the at least one first register and the at least one second register is programmed with a new intensity value.
e) freezing the at least one PWM counter when at least one of the at least one first register and the at least one second register is programmed with a new intensity value.
90. The illumination method of claim 89, wherein the act d) further includes acts of:
f) updating at least one of the first PWM control signal and the second PWM
control signal based on the new intensity value after the at least one PWM
counter is frozen in the act e); and g) restarting the at least one PWM counter where it left off after the at least one of the first PWM control signal and the second PWM control signal is updated in the act f).
f) updating at least one of the first PWM control signal and the second PWM
control signal based on the new intensity value after the at least one PWM
counter is frozen in the act e); and g) restarting the at least one PWM counter where it left off after the at least one of the first PWM control signal and the second PWM control signal is updated in the act f).
91. An illumination apparatus, comprising:
at least one first LED adapted to output at least first radiation having a first spectrum;
at least one second LED adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum; and at least one controller coupled to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED and configured to respond to at least one signal formatted at least in part using a DMX protocol, the at least one signal including lighting information based at least in part on user operation of at least one user interface in communication with the at least one controller, the at least one controller further configured to independently control at least a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation in response to the lighting information.
at least one first LED adapted to output at least first radiation having a first spectrum;
at least one second LED adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum; and at least one controller coupled to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED and configured to respond to at least one signal formatted at least in part using a DMX protocol, the at least one signal including lighting information based at least in part on user operation of at least one user interface in communication with the at least one controller, the at least one controller further configured to independently control at least a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation in response to the lighting information.
92. The apparatus of claim 91, in combination with the at least one user interface.
93. The combination of claim 92, wherein the at least one user interface includes a central controller configured to control a plurality of illumination apparatus.
94. The illumination apparatus of claim 91, wherein the at least one controller further is configured as an addressable controller capable of receiving the at least one signal as at least one network signal including lighting information for a plurality of illumination apparatus.
95. The illumination apparatus of claim 94, wherein the lighting information includes intensity values for LEDs of the plurality of illumination apparatus, and wherein the addressable controller is configured to process the at least one network signal based on an address of the addressable controller to recover from the lighting information the intensity values for at least the first and second LEDs of the illumination apparatus.
96. The illumination apparatus of claim 95, wherein the at least one network signal includes address information.
97. The illumination apparatus of claim 96, wherein the address information relates to an arrangement of data packets in the at least one network signal.
98. The illumination apparatus of claim 95, wherein the addressable controller has an alterable address.
99. The illumination apparatus of claim 95, in combination with the at least one user interface, wherein the at least one user interface is a central network controller that is configured to generate the at least one network signal.
100. The illumination apparatus of claim 91, wherein the at least one controller is configured to implement a pulse width modulation technique to control at least the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation.
101. The illumination apparatus of claim 91, wherein:
the at least one controller includes a first switch and a second switch respectively associated with the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED;
and the at least one controller is configured to control the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED by turning the first and second switches on and off at high speeds.
the at least one controller includes a first switch and a second switch respectively associated with the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED;
and the at least one controller is configured to control the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED by turning the first and second switches on and off at high speeds.
102. The illumination apparatus of claim 91, further including at least one modular connection to facilitate coupling of the at least one controller to the at least one first LED
and the at least one second LED.
and the at least one second LED.
103. The illumination apparatus of claim 102, wherein:
the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED are supported by a first substrate;
the at least one controller is supported by a second substrate; and the at least one modular connection is configured to facilitate at least one of a mechanical coupling and an electrical coupling of the first substrate and the second substrate.
the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED are supported by a first substrate;
the at least one controller is supported by a second substrate; and the at least one modular connection is configured to facilitate at least one of a mechanical coupling and an electrical coupling of the first substrate and the second substrate.
104. In an illumination apparatus comprising at least one first LED adapted to output at least first radiation having a first spectrum and at least one second LED
adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum, an illumination control method, comprising acts of:
a) receiving at least one signal formatted at least in part using a DMX
protocol and including lighting information based at least in part on user operation of at least one user interface; and b) controlling at least the first intensity and the second intensity based at least in part on the lighting information.
adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum, an illumination control method, comprising acts of:
a) receiving at least one signal formatted at least in part using a DMX
protocol and including lighting information based at least in part on user operation of at least one user interface; and b) controlling at least the first intensity and the second intensity based at least in part on the lighting information.
105. The illumination method of claim 104, wherein the at least one user interface includes a central controller configured to control a plurality of illumination apparatus, and wherein the act a) includes an act of:
receiving the at least one signal from the central controller.
receiving the at least one signal from the central controller.
106. The illumination method of claim 104, wherein the act a) includes an act of:
a1) receiving at least one network signal formatted at least in part using the DMX
protocol and including lighting information for a plurality of illumination apparatus.
a1) receiving at least one network signal formatted at least in part using the DMX
protocol and including lighting information for a plurality of illumination apparatus.
107. The illumination method of claim 106, wherein the act a1) includes an act of:
receiving the at least one network signal based at least in part on the user operation of the at least one user interface.
receiving the at least one network signal based at least in part on the user operation of the at least one user interface.
108. The illumination method of claim 106, wherein the at least one network signal includes address information, wherein the lighting information includes intensity values for LEDs of the plurality of illumination apparatus, wherein the illumination apparatus has an address, and wherein the act a1) includes an act of:
a2) processing the at least one network signal based on the address of the illumination apparatus and the address information in the at least one network signal to recover the intensity values for at least the first and second LEDs of the illumination apparatus.
a2) processing the at least one network signal based on the address of the illumination apparatus and the address information in the at least one network signal to recover the intensity values for at least the first and second LEDs of the illumination apparatus.
109. The illumination method of claim 108, wherein the address information relates to an arrangement of data packets in the at least one network signal, and wherein the act a2) includes an act of:
processing the at least one network signal based on the address of the illumination apparatus and the arrangement of data packets in the at least one network signal to recover the intensity values for at least the first and second LEDs of the illumination apparatus.
processing the at least one network signal based on the address of the illumination apparatus and the arrangement of data packets in the at least one network signal to recover the intensity values for at least the first and second LEDs of the illumination apparatus.
110. The illumination method of claim 108, wherein the at least one user interface includes a central network controller, and wherein the act a1) includes an act of:
receiving the at least one network signal from the central network controller.
receiving the at least one network signal from the central network controller.
111. The illumination method of claim 104, wherein the act b) further includes an act of:
implementing a pulse width modulation technique to control at least the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation.
implementing a pulse width modulation technique to control at least the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation.
112. The illumination method of claim 104, wherein each of the at least one first LED
and the at least one second LED is associated with a switch, and wherein the act b) further includes an act of:
controlling the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED by turning the respective switches on and off at high speeds.
and the at least one second LED is associated with a switch, and wherein the act b) further includes an act of:
controlling the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED by turning the respective switches on and off at high speeds.
113. An illumination apparatus, comprising:
at least one first LED adapted to output at least first radiation having a first spectrum;
at least one second LED adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum; and at least one controller coupled to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED and configured to respond to user operation of at least one user interface in communication with the at least one controller, the at least one controller further configured to independently control at least a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation in response to the user operation, wherein the at least one controller is configured as an addressable controller capable of receiving at least one network signal including lighting information for a plurality of illumination apparatus.
at least one first LED adapted to output at least first radiation having a first spectrum;
at least one second LED adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum; and at least one controller coupled to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED and configured to respond to user operation of at least one user interface in communication with the at least one controller, the at least one controller further configured to independently control at least a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation in response to the user operation, wherein the at least one controller is configured as an addressable controller capable of receiving at least one network signal including lighting information for a plurality of illumination apparatus.
114. The illumination apparatus of claim 113, wherein the addressable controller is configured to control the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED based at least in part on the user operation of the at least one user interface and the lighting information.
115. The illumination apparatus of claim 113, wherein the at least one network signal is provided to the addressable controller based at least in part on the user operation of the at least one user interface.
116. The illumination apparatus of claim 113, wherein the lighting information includes intensity values for LEDs of the plurality of illumination apparatus, and wherein the addressable controller is configured to process the at least one network signal based on an address of the addressable controller to recover from the lighting information the intensity values for at least the first and second LEDs of the illumination apparatus.
117. The illumination apparatus of claim 116, wherein the at least one network signal includes address information.
118. The illumination apparatus of claim 117, wherein the address information relates to an arrangement of data packets in the at least one network signal.
119. The illumination apparatus of claim 113, wherein the addressable controller has an alterable address.
120. The illumination apparatus of claim 113, wherein the at least one network signal is formatted at least in part using a DMX protocol, and wherein the addressable controller is configured to control the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED based at least in part on the DMX protocol.
121. The illumination apparatus of claim 113, in combination with the at least one user interface, wherein the at least one user interface is a central network controller that is configured to generate the at least one network signal.
122. The illumination apparatus of claim 113, wherein the addressable controller is configured to implement a pulse width modulation technique to control at least the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation.
123. The illumination apparatus of claim 113, wherein:
the addressable controller includes a first switch and a second switch respectively associated with the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED;
and the addressable controller is configured to control the at least one first LED
and the at least one second LED by turning the first and second switches on and off at high speeds.
the addressable controller includes a first switch and a second switch respectively associated with the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED;
and the addressable controller is configured to control the at least one first LED
and the at least one second LED by turning the first and second switches on and off at high speeds.
124. The illumination apparatus of claim 113, further including at least one modular connection to facilitate coupling of the at least one controller to the at least one first LED
and the at least one second LED.
and the at least one second LED.
125. The illumination apparatus of claim 124, wherein:
the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED are supported by a first substrate;
the at least one controller is supported by a second substrate; and the at least one modular connection is configured to facilitate at least one of a mechanical coupling and an electrical coupling of the first substrate and the second substrate.
the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED are supported by a first substrate;
the at least one controller is supported by a second substrate; and the at least one modular connection is configured to facilitate at least one of a mechanical coupling and an electrical coupling of the first substrate and the second substrate.
126. In an illumination apparatus comprising at least one first LED adapted to output at least first radiation having a first spectrum and at least one second LED
adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum, an illumination control method, comprising an act of:
a) independently controlling at least a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation in response to user operation of at least one user interface, wherein the act a) includes acts of:
a1) receiving at least one network signal including lighting information; and a2) controlling at least the first intensity and the second intensity based at least in part on the lighting information.
adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum, an illumination control method, comprising an act of:
a) independently controlling at least a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation in response to user operation of at least one user interface, wherein the act a) includes acts of:
a1) receiving at least one network signal including lighting information; and a2) controlling at least the first intensity and the second intensity based at least in part on the lighting information.
127. The illumination method of claim 126, wherein the act a1) includes an act of:
receiving the at least one network signal based at least in part on the user operation of the at least one user interface.
receiving the at least one network signal based at least in part on the user operation of the at least one user interface.
128. The illumination method of claim 126, wherein the at least one network signal includes address information and lighting information for a plurality of illumination apparatus, wherein the lighting information includes intensity values for LEDs of the plurality of illumination apparatus, wherein the illumination apparatus has an address, and wherein the act a2) includes an act of:
a3) processing the at least one network signal based on the address of the illumination apparatus and the address information in the at least one network signal to recover the intensity values for at least the first and second LEDs of the illumination apparatus.
a3) processing the at least one network signal based on the address of the illumination apparatus and the address information in the at least one network signal to recover the intensity values for at least the first and second LEDs of the illumination apparatus.
129. The illumination method of claim 128, wherein the address information relates to an arrangement of data packets in the at least one network signal, and wherein the act a3) includes an act of:
processing the at least one network signal based on the address of the illumination apparatus and the arrangement of data packets in the at least one network signal to recover the intensity values for at least the first and second LEDs of the illumination apparatus.
processing the at least one network signal based on the address of the illumination apparatus and the arrangement of data packets in the at least one network signal to recover the intensity values for at least the first and second LEDs of the illumination apparatus.
130. The illumination method of claim 126, wherein the at least one user interface includes a central network controller, and wherein the act al) includes an act of:
receiving the at least one network signal from the central network controller.
receiving the at least one network signal from the central network controller.
131. The illumination method of claim 126, wherein the at least one network signal is formatted at least in part using a DMX protocol, and wherein the act a2) includes an act of:
controlling the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED based at least in part on the DMX protocol.
controlling the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED based at least in part on the DMX protocol.
132. The illumination method of claim 126, wherein the act a2) further includes an act of:
implementing a pulse width modulation technique to control at least the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation.
implementing a pulse width modulation technique to control at least the first intensity of the first radiation and the second intensity of the second radiation.
133. The illumination method of claim 126, wherein each of the at least one first LED
and the at least one second LED is associated with a switch, and wherein the act a2) further includes an act of:
controlling the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED by turning the respective switches on and off at high speeds.
and the at least one second LED is associated with a switch, and wherein the act a2) further includes an act of:
controlling the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED by turning the respective switches on and off at high speeds.
134. An illumination apparatus, comprising:
at least one first LED adapted to output at least first radiation having a first spectrum;
at least one second LED adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum;
at least one controller coupled to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED and configured to respond to user operation of at least one user interface in communication with the at least one controller, the at least one controller further configured to independently control at least a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation in response to the user operation;
and at least one modular connection to facilitate coupling of the at least one controller to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED.
at least one first LED adapted to output at least first radiation having a first spectrum;
at least one second LED adapted to output second radiation having a second spectrum different than the first spectrum;
at least one controller coupled to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED and configured to respond to user operation of at least one user interface in communication with the at least one controller, the at least one controller further configured to independently control at least a first intensity of the first radiation and a second intensity of the second radiation in response to the user operation;
and at least one modular connection to facilitate coupling of the at least one controller to the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED.
135. The illumination apparatus of claim 134, wherein:
the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED are supported by a first substrate;
the at least one controller is supported by a second substrate; and the at least one modular connection is configured to facilitate at least one of a mechanical coupling and an electrical coupling of the first substrate and the second substrate.
the at least one first LED and the at least one second LED are supported by a first substrate;
the at least one controller is supported by a second substrate; and the at least one modular connection is configured to facilitate at least one of a mechanical coupling and an electrical coupling of the first substrate and the second substrate.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA2466717A CA2466717C (en) | 1997-08-26 | 1998-08-26 | Multicolored led lighting method and apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US08/920,156 US6016038A (en) | 1997-08-26 | 1997-08-26 | Multicolored LED lighting method and apparatus |
US08/920,156 | 1997-08-26 | ||
PCT/US1998/017702 WO1999010867A1 (en) | 1997-08-26 | 1998-08-26 | Multicolored led lighting method and apparatus |
Related Child Applications (1)
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CA2466717A Division CA2466717C (en) | 1997-08-26 | 1998-08-26 | Multicolored led lighting method and apparatus |
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CA2302227A1 CA2302227A1 (en) | 1999-03-04 |
CA2302227C true CA2302227C (en) | 2004-07-27 |
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EP (2) | EP1195740B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP2001514432A (en) |
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- 1998-08-26 DE DE69807092.5T patent/DE69807092T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-26 JP JP2000508102A patent/JP2001514432A/en active Pending
- 1998-08-26 ES ES98944539.0T patent/ES2182358T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1998-08-26 CA CA002302227A patent/CA2302227C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-26 ES ES01130297.3T patent/ES2657755T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-26 AU AU92060/98A patent/AU757000B2/en not_active Expired
- 1998-08-26 WO PCT/US1998/017702 patent/WO1999010867A1/en active IP Right Grant
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1999
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2000
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2002
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8203281B2 (en) | 2008-04-29 | 2012-06-19 | Ivus Industries, Llc | Wide voltage, high efficiency LED driver circuit |
US9004723B2 (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2015-04-14 | Broan-Nutone Llc | Lighting and ventilating system and method |
US9605867B2 (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2017-03-28 | Broan-Nutone Llc | Lighting and ventilating system and method |
US10345001B2 (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2019-07-09 | Broan-Nutone Llc | Lighting and ventilation system having plate with central aperture positioned over grille to define intake gap |
US10344992B2 (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2019-07-09 | Broan-Nutone Llc | Lighting and ventilating system and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HK1025416A1 (en) | 2000-11-10 |
DE69807092D1 (en) | 2002-09-12 |
EP1016062B1 (en) | 2002-08-07 |
WO1999010867A1 (en) | 1999-03-04 |
EP1016062B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
EP1016062A1 (en) | 2000-07-05 |
DE69807092T3 (en) | 2015-11-12 |
CA2302227A1 (en) | 1999-03-04 |
ES2182358T3 (en) | 2003-03-01 |
JP4230236B2 (en) | 2009-02-25 |
ES2182358T5 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
US6150774A (en) | 2000-11-21 |
ATE222013T1 (en) | 2002-08-15 |
EP1195740A2 (en) | 2002-04-10 |
HK1046056A1 (en) | 2002-12-20 |
JP2001514432A (en) | 2001-09-11 |
AU757000B2 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
EP1195740A3 (en) | 2003-01-22 |
US6166496A (en) | 2000-12-26 |
JP2004006253A (en) | 2004-01-08 |
US6016038A (en) | 2000-01-18 |
AU9206098A (en) | 1999-03-16 |
EP1195740B1 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
DE69807092T2 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
ES2657755T3 (en) | 2018-03-06 |
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