CA2326322A1 - Free-form nanofabrication using multi-photon excitation - Google Patents

Free-form nanofabrication using multi-photon excitation

Info

Publication number
CA2326322A1
CA2326322A1 CA002326322A CA2326322A CA2326322A1 CA 2326322 A1 CA2326322 A1 CA 2326322A1 CA 002326322 A CA002326322 A CA 002326322A CA 2326322 A CA2326322 A CA 2326322A CA 2326322 A1 CA2326322 A1 CA 2326322A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
precursor composition
construct
less
agent
photoactivatable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002326322A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2326322C (en
Inventor
Steven L. Goodman
Paul Campagnola
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of Connecticut
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2326322A1 publication Critical patent/CA2326322A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2326322C publication Critical patent/CA2326322C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
    • A61L27/38—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/69—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
    • A61K47/6903—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit the form being semi-solid, e.g. an ointment, a gel, a hydrogel or a solidifying gel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/69—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
    • A61K47/6921—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit the form being a particulate, a powder, an adsorbate, a bead or a sphere
    • A61K47/6927—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit the form being a particulate, a powder, an adsorbate, a bead or a sphere the form being a solid microparticle having no hollow or gas-filled cores
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0087—Galenical forms not covered by A61K9/02 - A61K9/7023
    • A61K9/0097—Micromachined devices; Microelectromechanical systems [MEMS]; Devices obtained by lithographic treatment of silicon; Devices comprising chips
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
    • A61L27/3683—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix subjected to a specific treatment prior to implantation, e.g. decellularising, demineralising, grinding, cellular disruption/non-collagenous protein removal, anti-calcification, crosslinking, supercritical fluid extraction, enzyme treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/745—Blood coagulation or fibrinolysis factors
    • C07K14/75—Fibrinogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/76—Albumins
    • C07K14/765—Serum albumin, e.g. HSA
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K17/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised peptides; Preparation thereof
    • C07K17/02—Peptides being immobilised on, or in, an organic carrier
    • C07K17/04—Peptides being immobilised on, or in, an organic carrier entrapped within the carrier, e.g. gel, hollow fibre
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
    • C12N11/02—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier
    • C12N11/04—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier entrapped within the carrier, e.g. gel or hollow fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B21/00—Microscopes
    • G02B21/32—Micromanipulators structurally combined with microscopes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/0037—Production of three-dimensional images
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
    • G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
    • G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
    • G03F7/029—Inorganic compounds; Onium compounds; Organic compounds having hetero atoms other than oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
    • G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/2051—Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/2051—Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source
    • G03F7/2053—Exposure without an original mask, e.g. using a programmed deflection of a point source, by scanning, by drawing with a light beam, using an addressed light or corpuscular source using a laser
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2400/00—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L2400/12—Nanosized materials, e.g. nanofibres, nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes; Nanostructured surfaces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2400/00—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L2400/18—Modification of implant surfaces in order to improve biocompatibility, cell growth, fixation of biomolecules, e.g. plasma treatment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01Q—SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
    • G01Q80/00—Applications, other than SPM, of scanning-probe techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/2022—Multi-step exposure, e.g. hybrid; backside exposure; blanket exposure, e.g. for image reversal; edge exposure, e.g. for edge bead removal; corrective exposure

Abstract

A method and apparatus wherein small, two- or three-dimensional structures are formed by multiple-photon-absorbed photopolymerization and/or cross-linking of a precursor composition, that is, photopolymerization using multi-photon excitation. Use of multi-photon excitation allows fabrication of structures and structural features having at least one dimension of less than about 1 micron, preferably less than about 500 nm, more preferably less than about 250 nm, and most preferably of less than about 100 nm, in bulk phase as well as in solution, and from a wide variety of organic and inorganic precursor subunits, including synthetic polymers and biological polymers such as proteins, lipids, oligonucleotides, and the like.

Claims (59)

1. A method for the fabrication of a small structure, comprising providing a photoactivatable precursor composition;
activating the precursor composition using multi-photon excitation in at least one first location in the precursor composition to form at least one first portion of the small structure, wherein the at least one first portion has dimensions in the X-Y
directions of less than about 300 nanometers.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one first portion has a dimension in the Z direction of less than about 500 nanometers.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one portion has dimensions in the X-Y direction of less than about 250 nanometers.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the at least one first portion has a dimension in the Z direction in the range of less than about 300 nanometers.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the at least one portion has a dimension in the Z direction of less than about 100 nanometers.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one first portion has dimensions in the X, Y, and Z directions of less than about 50 nanometers
7. A method for the fabrication of a small structure, comprising providing a photoactivatable precursor composition;
activating the precursor composition using multi-photon excitation in at least one first location in the precursor composition to form at least one first portion of the small structure, wherein the point volume of the first portion has dimensions of less than about 1 micron.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the point volume of the first portion has at least one dimension of less than about 500 nm.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the point volume of the first portion has at least one dimension of less than about 250 nm.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein the point volume of the first portion has at least one dimension of less than about 100 nm.
11. The method of claim 6, wherein the point volume of the first portion has at least one dimension of less than about 50 nm.
12. The method of claims 1, wherein the photoactivatable precursor composition comprises photoactivatable precursors selected from the group consisting of photopolymerizable organic monomers, photopolymerizable inorganic monomers, cross-linkers, monomers having at least one olefinic bond, oligomers having at least one olefinic bond, polymers having at least one olefinic bond, olefins, halogenated olefins, acrylates, methacrylates, acrylamides, bisacrylamides, styrenes, epoxides, cyclohexeneoxide, amino acids, peptides, proteins, fatty acids, lipids, nucleotides, oligonucleotides, synthetic nucleotide analogues, nucleic acids, sugars, carbohydrates, cytokines, hormones, receptors, growth factors, drugs, and mixtures thereof.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the photoactivatable precursor composition comprises photoactivatable precursors selected from the group consisting of proteins, fibrinogen, bovine serum albumin, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and polyurethane precursors.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein the precursor is a protein.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein the precursor composition further comprises a photoinitiator.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the photoinitiator is selected from the group consisting of azo compounds, azobisisobutyronitrile, peroxides, benzoyl peroxide, aliphatic as ketones and diketones, aromatic diketones, benzophenone, 9-fluorenone 2-carboxylic acid, Fe3+OH-, Pb2+Cl-), photosensitive dyes, eosin, rose Bengal, erythrosin, photosensitive transition metal derivatives, and Mn2(CO)10 in the presence of organic halides, triarylsulfonium salts with complex metal halide anions, diaryliodonium salts with complex metal halide anions, mixed arene cyclopentadienyl metal salts of complex metal halide anions, and (6-benzene)(5-cyclopentadienyl)Fe(II) hexafluorophosphate.
17. The method of claim 1, wherein activation is in bulk, in solution, adsorbed to a substrate, in suspension, or an emulsion.
18. The method of claim 1, wherein activation is by two-photon, three-photon, or four-photon excitation.
19. The method of claim 1, wherein activation results in polymerization or cross-linking of the precursor composition.
20. An apparatus for fabrication by multi-photon excitation, comprising a photon source in connection with 4pi optics, wherein the 4pi optics comprises a first high NA lens located above a movable stage and a second high NA lens located beneath the movable stage.
21. The apparatus of claim 20, further comprising a second movable stage located between the photon source and the first high NA lens.
22. An apparatus for fabrication by multi-photon excitation, comprising a photon source in connection with near field optics, wherein the near field optics comprises fiber optic couplers in conjunction with a near field fiber optic element for fabrication.
23. The apparatus of claim 22, further comprising an optical microscope as an imaging element.
24. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the optical element is coupled with a multiple-barrel pipette.
25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the optical element is disposed within one of the pipette barrels.
26. The method of claim 1, wherein the first portion is fabrication from a first precursor composition and a second portion is fabricated from a second precursor composition.
27. The method of claim 1, wherein the first portion is fabricated at a first wavelength, and a second portion is fabricated at a second wavelength.
28. A method for entrapping an agent within a construct, comprising providing a photoactivatable precursor composition comprising at least one construct precursor and at least one agent;
activating the precursor composition using multi-photon excitation in at least one first location in the precursor composition to form at least one first portion of the construct, wherein the at least one first portion has dimensions in the X-Y
directions of less than about 300 nanometers, wherein the agent is entrapped within the construct.
29. The method of claim 28, wherein the agent is selected from the group consisting of growth factors, nucleotides, ions, buffering agents, dyes, proteins, peptides, enzymes, carbohydrates, glycosaminoglycans, enzymes, nucleotides, liposomes, cells, drugs, and combinations thereof.
30. The method of claim 28, wherein the construct has controlled release properties, controlled degradation properties, controlled diffusivity properties, or a combination thereof.
31. The method of claim 30, wherein diffusion or release properties are controlled by control of the affinity of the agent for the construct, the degree of crosslink density of the construct, the rate of degradation of the construct, the composition of the construct, or a combination thereof.
32. The method of claim 31, wherein control of the degree of affinity of the agent for the construct is by appropriate selection of backbone and/or crosslink compositions.
33. The method of claim 31, wherein control of the cross-link or polymerization density is by varying illumination time, intensity (photon energy density), constructs spatial dimensions, addition of overlayers without entrapped reagents.
34. A method for entrapping an agent within a construct, comprising providing a photoactivatable precursor composition;
activating the precursor composition using multi-photon excitation in at least one first location in the precursor composition to form at least one first portion of the construct, wherein the at least one first portion has dimensions in the X-Y
directions of less than about 300 nanometers;
forming the remainder of the construct; and entrapping the agent within the formed construct.
35. The method of claim 34, wherein the agent is selected from the group consisting of growth factors, nucleotides, ions, buffering agents, dyes, proteins, peptides, enzymes, carbohydrates, glycosaminoglycans, enzymes, nucleotides, liposomes, cells, drugs,
36. The method of claim 34, wherein the agent is selected from the group consisting of entrapped enzymes that continuously act on molecules which diffuse into the gel or construct before the molecules diffuse out of the gel or construct;
enzymes, chelators, or other molecules which act on molecules which diffuse into the gel, and through this action become unable to leave the gel or construct; motile proteins, peptides, or non-biochemical structures which cause the fabricated construct to wiggle, change shape, or change its diffusion properties when specific molecules, ions, or others agents diffuse into the gel; photodynamic molecules which change color, refraction, diffusion, transport, shape, or other physical properties or biochemical activities when illuminated at certain wavelengths, polarizations, or other states of light;
entrapped chemoactive molecules which change color, refraction, diffusion, transport or other physical and/or biochemical properties due to the activity of chemical agents which diffuse into a gel or other construct such as ions, pH, and biomolecules; proteins for nano-Ochterlony-like immunodiffusion assays; living cells; or combinations thereof.
37. The method of claim 36, wherein the proteins or cells are entrapped by encapsulation, covalent crosslinking with the construct, or a combination thereof.
38. A method for modifying the surface of a material, comprising providing a photoactivatable precursor composition and a surface;
activating the precursor composition using multi-photon excitation in at least one first location in the precursor composition to form at least one first portion of a construct, wherein the at least one first portion has dimensions in the X-Y
directions of less than about 300 manometers, and wherein the at least one first portion is covalently linked to the surface.
39. The method of claim 38, wherein the surface is the surface of an integrated chip.
40. The method of claim 39, wherein the surface comprises bovine serum albumin which has been crosslinked by multiphoton excitation, and the construct photoactivatable precursor comprises fibrinogen.
41. The method of claim 39, wherein the modified surface provides a scaffold for tissue cell culture.
42. The method of claim 39, wherein the surface is modified by attachment to at least one motile protein.
43. The method of claim 42, wherein the motile protein is selected from the group consisting of kinesin, microtubules, actin, axonemes, flagella, or a combination thereof.
44. A method for manufacture of the surface of sensor array chip, comprising providing a photoactivatable precursor composition and a chip surface;
activating the precursor composition using multi-photon excitation in at least one first location in the precursor composition to form at least one first portion of a sensor, wherein the at least one first portion has dimensions in the X-Y
directions of less than about 300 nanometers, and wherein the at least one first portion is covalently linked to the chip surface.
45. A method for provide spatial orientation of an agent, comprising providing a photoactivatable precursor composition and a first agent;
activating the precursor composition using mufti-photon excitation in at least one first location in the precursor composition to form at least one first portion of a construct, wherein the at least one first portion has dimensions in the X-Y
directions of less than about 300 nanometers, and wherein the at least one first portion is covalently linked to the agent;
repeating the activation with a second agent, such that the second agent is spatially arrayed relative to the first agent.
46. The method of claim 45, wherein the agent first and second agents are selected from the group consisting of enzymes, antibodies, receptors, ribosomes and combinations thereof.
47. The method of claim 46, wherein the first and second agents perform biochemical synthesis, or perform separations.
48. The method of claim 46, wherein the second agent is arrayed by self assembly, application of electrostatic fields, magnetic fields, shear forces;
laser tweezers, magnetic tweezers, and combinations thereof.
49. A method for modifying explanted tissue, comprising providing a photoactivatable precursor composition and explanted tissue;
activating the precursor composition using multi-photon excitation in at least one first location in the precursor composition to form at least one first portion of a construct, wherein the at least one first portion has dimensions in the X-Y
directions of less than about 300 nanometers, and wherein the at least one first portion is covalently linked to the explanted tissue.
50. The method of claim 49, wherein the construct crosslinks the tissue, links chelating agents or antibacterial agents to the tissue, or a combination thereof.
51. A method for the manufacture of a form for multiple production, comprising providing a photoactivatable precursor composition;
activating the precursor composition using multi-photon excitation in at least one first location in the precursor composition to form at least one first portion of a the form, wherein the at least one first portion has dimensions in the X-Y
directions of less than about 300 nanometers.
52. The method of claim 51, wherein the form is a mold, stamper, mask, or mask for photolithography.
53. A method for the manufacture of complex three-dimensional forms, comprising providing a photoactivatable precursor composition which undergoes dynamic shape change upon fabrication;
activating the precursor composition using multi-photon excitation in at least one first location in the precursor composition to form at least one first portion of a the form, wherein the at least one first portion has dimensions in the X-Y
directions of less than about 300 nanometers.
54. A method for the manufacture of complex three-dimensional forms, comprising providing a photoactivatable precursor composition which undergoes dynamic shape change upon exposure to a change in environment;
activating the precursor composition using multi-photon excitation in at least one first location in the precursor composition to form at least one first portion of a the form, wherein the at least one first portion has dimensions in the X-Y
directions of less than about 300 nanometers.
55. The method of claim 54, wherein the change in environment is a change in temperature, solvent, ionic strength, presence of a ligand, or a combination thereof.
56. A device for fabrication by multi-photon excitation at remote locations, comprising a photon source connected to a first end of single mode optical fiber via a fiber optic coupler and a group velocity delay self phase modulation compensator;
wherein the second end of the optical fiber comprises a lens for multi-photon fabrication.
57. The device of claim 56, wherein the optical fiber is housed in a catheter.
58. The device of claim 57, whrein the catheter further housed at least one reagent tube for dispensing reagent at the site of fabrication.
59. The device of claim 56, whrein the second end of the optical fiber further comprises a cowling.
CA2326322A 1998-04-21 1999-04-21 Free-form nanofabrication using multi-photon excitation Expired - Lifetime CA2326322C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US8257598P 1998-04-21 1998-04-21
US60/082,575 1998-04-21
US11279798P 1998-12-18 1998-12-18
US60/112,797 1998-12-18
PCT/US1999/008805 WO1999054784A1 (en) 1998-04-21 1999-04-21 Free-form nanofabrication using multi-photon excitation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2326322A1 true CA2326322A1 (en) 1999-10-28
CA2326322C CA2326322C (en) 2011-03-01

Family

ID=26767618

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2326322A Expired - Lifetime CA2326322C (en) 1998-04-21 1999-04-21 Free-form nanofabrication using multi-photon excitation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US6316153B1 (en)
EP (2) EP2133725B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4564655B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2326322C (en)
WO (1) WO1999054784A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10792860B2 (en) 2015-05-15 2020-10-06 Sony Corporation Stereolithographic object, product, and method of manufacturing product

Families Citing this family (188)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8545569B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2013-10-01 Conformis, Inc. Patient selectable knee arthroplasty devices
US8556983B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2013-10-15 Conformis, Inc. Patient-adapted and improved orthopedic implants, designs and related tools
US8617242B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2013-12-31 Conformis, Inc. Implant device and method for manufacture
US8480754B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2013-07-09 Conformis, Inc. Patient-adapted and improved articular implants, designs and related guide tools
US9603711B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2017-03-28 Conformis, Inc. Patient-adapted and improved articular implants, designs and related guide tools
US8882847B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2014-11-11 Conformis, Inc. Patient selectable knee joint arthroplasty devices
US8771365B2 (en) 2009-02-25 2014-07-08 Conformis, Inc. Patient-adapted and improved orthopedic implants, designs, and related tools
US8735773B2 (en) 2007-02-14 2014-05-27 Conformis, Inc. Implant device and method for manufacture
US8234097B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2012-07-31 Conformis, Inc. Automated systems for manufacturing patient-specific orthopedic implants and instrumentation
US6090332A (en) 1997-05-16 2000-07-18 California Institute Of Technology Process of changing the refractive index of a composite containing a polymer and a compound having large dipole moment and polarizability and applications thereof
CA2326322C (en) * 1998-04-21 2011-03-01 University Of Connecticut Free-form nanofabrication using multi-photon excitation
US7239908B1 (en) 1998-09-14 2007-07-03 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Assessing the condition of a joint and devising treatment
AU772012B2 (en) * 1998-09-14 2004-04-08 Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Assessing the condition of a joint and preventing damage
DE19928378A1 (en) * 1999-06-21 2000-12-28 Joachim Becker Back-polymerization of photopolymers with application in e.g. dental fillings, occurs at interface opposite entry point, where coating converts incident radiation to new wavelengths initiating setting
US7167615B1 (en) 1999-11-05 2007-01-23 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Resonant waveguide-grating filters and sensors and methods for making and using same
US8111401B2 (en) 1999-11-05 2012-02-07 Robert Magnusson Guided-mode resonance sensors employing angular, spectral, modal, and polarization diversity for high-precision sensing in compact formats
JP3815652B2 (en) * 1999-12-02 2006-08-30 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 Two-photon micro-stereolithography method and apparatus thereof, parts formed by two-photon micro-stereolithography and movable mechanism
US6767685B2 (en) * 1999-12-03 2004-07-27 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Plate-making method, plate-making apparatus used in such plate-making method, and image recording material
US6624915B1 (en) 2000-03-16 2003-09-23 Science Applications International Corporation Holographic recording and micro/nanofabrication via ultrafast holographic two-photon induced photopolymerization (H-TPIP)
US20030108291A1 (en) * 2000-04-14 2003-06-12 Duveneck Gert Ludwig Grid-waveguide structure for reinforcing an excitation field and use thereof
DE10027323B4 (en) * 2000-06-05 2013-09-26 Leica Microsystems Cms Gmbh Method for generating a three-dimensional object
US7265161B2 (en) * 2002-10-02 2007-09-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Multi-photon reactive compositions with inorganic particles and method for fabricating structures
AU2001266905A1 (en) 2000-06-15 2001-12-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Microfabrication of organic optical elements
EP1292861B1 (en) 2000-06-15 2014-11-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Multidirectional photoreactive absorption method
DE60139624D1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2009-10-01 3M Innovative Properties Co GENERATION OF A MULTICOLOR PICTURE BY MEANS OF A MULTIPHOTONE PHOTOCHEMICAL PROCESS
WO2001096961A2 (en) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Multipass multiphoton absorption method and apparatus
KR100810547B1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2008-03-18 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 캄파니 A method of fabricating an encapsulated optical elements, an optical device and a method of coupling thereof
US7381516B2 (en) * 2002-10-02 2008-06-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Multiphoton photosensitization system
KR100795759B1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2008-01-21 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 캄파니 Process for producing microfluidic articles
EP1295181A2 (en) * 2000-06-15 2003-03-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for making or adding structures to an article
US6852766B1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2005-02-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Multiphoton photosensitization system
US7005229B2 (en) * 2002-10-02 2006-02-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Multiphoton photosensitization method
AU9088801A (en) 2000-09-14 2002-03-26 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Assessing the condition of a joint and devising treatment
EP1319217B1 (en) 2000-09-14 2008-11-12 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Technique for manipulating medical images
EP2036495A1 (en) 2000-09-14 2009-03-18 The Board of Trustees of The Leland Stanford Junior University Assessing condition of a joint and cartilage loss
US20040209303A1 (en) * 2000-10-03 2004-10-21 Martin Mark T. Methods and compositions for directed microwave chemistry
US7348182B2 (en) * 2000-10-03 2008-03-25 Mirari Biosciences, Inc. Directed microwave chemistry
US7070987B2 (en) * 2000-10-30 2006-07-04 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Guided mode resonant filter biosensor using a linear grating surface structure
US6951715B2 (en) * 2000-10-30 2005-10-04 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Optical detection of label-free biomolecular interactions using microreplicated plastic sensor elements
US7217574B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2007-05-15 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Method and apparatus for biosensor spectral shift detection
US7094595B2 (en) * 2000-10-30 2006-08-22 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Label-free high-throughput optical technique for detecting biomolecular interactions
US7306827B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2007-12-11 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Method and machine for replicating holographic gratings on a substrate
US7175980B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2007-02-13 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Method of making a plastic colorimetric resonant biosensor device with liquid handling capabilities
US7142296B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2006-11-28 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Method and apparatus for detecting biomolecular interactions
US7575939B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2009-08-18 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Optical detection of label-free biomolecular interactions using microreplicated plastic sensor elements
US7371562B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2008-05-13 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Guided mode resonant filter biosensor using a linear grating surface structure
US7101660B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2006-09-05 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Method for producing a colorimetric resonant reflection biosensor on rigid surfaces
US7202076B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2007-04-10 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Label-free high-throughput optical technique for detecting biomolecular interactions
US7300803B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2007-11-27 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Label-free methods for performing assays using a colorimetric resonant reflectance optical biosensor
US7875434B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2011-01-25 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Label-free methods for performing assays using a colorimetric resonant reflectance optical biosensor
US7264973B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2007-09-04 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Label-free methods for performing assays using a colorimetric resonant optical biosensor
US7153702B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2006-12-26 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Label-free methods for performing assays using a colorimetric resonant reflectance optical biosensor
US7615339B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2009-11-10 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Method for producing a colorimetric resonant reflection biosensor on rigid surfaces
US7023544B2 (en) 2000-10-30 2006-04-04 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Method and instrument for detecting biomolecular interactions
AU2002245345A1 (en) * 2001-01-30 2002-08-12 Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University Control system and apparatus for use with laser excitation or ionization
US7973936B2 (en) 2001-01-30 2011-07-05 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Control system and apparatus for use with ultra-fast laser
US7567596B2 (en) 2001-01-30 2009-07-28 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Control system and apparatus for use with ultra-fast laser
US7609731B2 (en) * 2001-01-30 2009-10-27 Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University Laser system using ultra-short laser pulses
US7450618B2 (en) * 2001-01-30 2008-11-11 Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University Laser system using ultrashort laser pulses
US7583710B2 (en) * 2001-01-30 2009-09-01 Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University Laser and environmental monitoring system
US8208505B2 (en) 2001-01-30 2012-06-26 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Laser system employing harmonic generation
EP1565747B1 (en) * 2001-03-29 2013-11-27 Cellect Technologies Corp. Method and system for separating and sorting particles
ATE504264T1 (en) 2001-05-25 2011-04-15 Conformis Inc METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR REPAIRING THE SURFACE OF JOINTS
US6773950B2 (en) * 2001-05-25 2004-08-10 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Method of forming dual exposure glass layer structures
US20040012872A1 (en) * 2001-06-14 2004-01-22 Fleming Patrick R Multiphoton absorption method using patterned light
US8119041B2 (en) * 2001-09-05 2012-02-21 Fujifilm Corporation Non-resonant two-photon absorption induction method and process for emitting light thereby
US6584249B1 (en) * 2001-10-17 2003-06-24 Oplink Communications, Inc. Miniature optical dispersion compensator with low insertion loss
US7237893B2 (en) * 2001-12-28 2007-07-03 Chang Shiao H Light adjustable lenses capable of post-fabrication power modification via multi-photon processes
US7168935B1 (en) 2002-08-02 2007-01-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Solid freeform fabrication apparatus and methods
US7713294B2 (en) 2002-08-28 2010-05-11 Nomir Medical Technologies, Inc. Near infrared microbial elimination laser systems (NIMEL)
US7429492B2 (en) 2002-09-09 2008-09-30 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Multiwell plates with integrated biosensors and membranes
US7927822B2 (en) 2002-09-09 2011-04-19 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Methods for screening cells and antibodies
US7232650B2 (en) * 2002-10-02 2007-06-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Planar inorganic device
CA2501041A1 (en) 2002-10-07 2004-04-22 Conformis, Inc. Minimally invasive joint implant with 3-dimensional geometry matching the articular surfaces
CN1780594A (en) 2002-11-07 2006-05-31 康复米斯公司 Methods for determining meniscal size and shape and for devising treatment
US7285363B2 (en) * 2002-11-08 2007-10-23 The University Of Connecticut Photoactivators, methods of use, and the articles derived therefrom
US7608384B1 (en) * 2002-11-27 2009-10-27 University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Two-photon fluorescent ternary optical data storage
US7309614B1 (en) 2002-12-04 2007-12-18 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Self-referencing biodetection method and patterned bioassays
US20030155667A1 (en) * 2002-12-12 2003-08-21 Devoe Robert J Method for making or adding structures to an article
US7722832B2 (en) 2003-03-25 2010-05-25 Crystaphase International, Inc. Separation method and assembly for process streams in component separation units
US20040198857A1 (en) * 2003-04-01 2004-10-07 Dejneka Matthew J. Photochemical reactions using multi-photon upconverting fluorescent inorganic materials
ATE366953T1 (en) * 2003-04-24 2007-08-15 Haute Ecole Arc Ne Be Ju MICROSTRUCTURING PROCESS
US7628810B2 (en) 2003-05-28 2009-12-08 Acufocus, Inc. Mask configured to maintain nutrient transport without producing visible diffraction patterns
US20050046794A1 (en) 2003-06-17 2005-03-03 Silvestrini Thomas A. Method and apparatus for aligning a mask with the visual axis of an eye
US20050016954A1 (en) * 2003-07-25 2005-01-27 International Business Machines Corporation System and methods of altering a very small surface area
AU2004262823A1 (en) * 2003-08-08 2005-02-17 Calhoun Vision Light adjustable lenses capable of post-fabrication power modification via multi-photon processes
FR2859543B1 (en) * 2003-09-08 2005-12-09 Pascal Joffre SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL OBJECT IN A POLYMERIZABLE PHOTO MATERIAL
US8298780B2 (en) 2003-09-22 2012-10-30 X-Body, Inc. Methods of detection of changes in cells
EP1668395A1 (en) * 2003-09-25 2006-06-14 Leica Microsystems Heidelberg GmbH Lens for evanescent wave illumination and corresponding microscope
JP2005107451A (en) * 2003-10-02 2005-04-21 Canon Inc Method of manufacturing three-dimensional structure
US20080269731A1 (en) * 2003-11-19 2008-10-30 Casimir Andrew Swinger Method and apparatus applying patient-verified prescription of high order aberrations
ATE515245T1 (en) 2003-12-11 2011-07-15 Isto Technologies Inc PARTICLE CARTILAGE SYSTEM
US7341823B2 (en) * 2004-01-26 2008-03-11 Applied Materials, Israel, Ltd. System and method for printing a pattern
US8241905B2 (en) 2004-02-24 2012-08-14 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Self-assembling cell aggregates and methods of making engineered tissue using the same
US7425345B2 (en) 2004-03-02 2008-09-16 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Apparatus and method for coating objects using an optical system
US7176428B2 (en) * 2004-03-12 2007-02-13 Olympus Corporation Laser-based, multiphoton-excitation-type optical examination apparatus
WO2006088841A1 (en) 2005-02-14 2006-08-24 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Ultra-fast laser system
JP2006223672A (en) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-31 Sii Nanotechnology Inc Nano-biodevice imitating biological tissue structure
JP2006290912A (en) * 2005-04-05 2006-10-26 Research Foundation For Opto-Science & Technology Photopolymerization apparatus and photopolymerization method
US20070014332A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-01-18 John Santhoff Ultra-wideband communications system and method
AU2006282754A1 (en) * 2005-08-26 2007-03-01 Zimmer, Inc. Implants and methods for repair, replacement and treatment of joint disease
WO2007038259A2 (en) * 2005-09-23 2007-04-05 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Optical trapping with a semiconductor
US20070083185A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-12 Darrick Carter Iontophoretic device and method of delivery of active agents to biological interface
WO2007064703A2 (en) 2005-11-30 2007-06-07 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Laser based identification of molecular characteristics
JP4880701B2 (en) * 2005-12-21 2012-02-22 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー Method and apparatus for processing multi-photon curable reactive compositions
US7583444B1 (en) * 2005-12-21 2009-09-01 3M Innovative Properties Company Process for making microlens arrays and masterforms
WO2007145702A2 (en) 2006-04-10 2007-12-21 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Laser material processing systems and methods with, in particular, use of a hollow waveguide for broadening the bandwidth of the pulse above 20 nm
US7941013B2 (en) * 2006-05-18 2011-05-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Process for making light guides with extraction structures and light guides produced thereby
CN100448592C (en) * 2006-06-12 2009-01-07 江苏大学 Selective micro processing method and system for near field optic virtual light probe
CN100392514C (en) * 2006-06-12 2008-06-04 江苏大学 Parallel Fs laser double photon photopolymerization micro-nano processing method and apparatus thereof
KR20080008668A (en) * 2006-07-20 2008-01-24 재단법인서울대학교산학협력재단 Method for selective binding, separation or purification of proteins using magnetic nanoparticles
US7551359B2 (en) * 2006-09-14 2009-06-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Beam splitter apparatus and system
WO2008045506A2 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-17 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Biopolymer structures
US20080154233A1 (en) * 2006-12-20 2008-06-26 Zimmer Orthobiologics, Inc. Apparatus for delivering a biocompatible material to a surgical site and method of using same
US8163549B2 (en) 2006-12-20 2012-04-24 Zimmer Orthobiologics, Inc. Method of obtaining viable small tissue particles and use for tissue repair
US7720533B2 (en) * 2006-12-20 2010-05-18 Zimmer Orthobiologicals, Inc. Apparatus and method for delivering a biocompatible material to a surgical site
CA2684040C (en) 2007-04-12 2016-12-06 Isto Technologies, Inc. Method of forming an implant using a mold that mimics the shape of the tissue defect site and implant formed therefrom
WO2009009718A1 (en) 2007-07-11 2009-01-15 Sru Biosystems, Inc. Methods of identifying modulators of ion channels
US9134307B2 (en) 2007-07-11 2015-09-15 X-Body, Inc. Method for determining ion channel modulating properties of a test reagent
US9102083B2 (en) 2007-09-06 2015-08-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods of forming molds and methods of forming articles using said molds
CN101796443A (en) 2007-09-06 2010-08-04 3M创新有限公司 Lightguides having light extraction structures providing regional control of light output
JP2010537843A (en) * 2007-09-06 2010-12-09 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー Tools for making microstructured articles
US7522813B1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-21 University Of Washington Reducing distortion in scanning fiber devices
CN101821659B (en) 2007-10-11 2014-09-24 3M创新有限公司 Chromatic confocal sensor
CN101878438B (en) * 2007-11-27 2013-09-25 3M创新有限公司 Methods for forming sheeting with a composite image that floats and a master tooling
CN101946305B (en) 2007-12-12 2014-02-12 3M创新有限公司 Method for making structures with improved edge definition
WO2009089089A1 (en) * 2008-01-02 2009-07-16 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Microdevice fabrication
EP2257854B1 (en) * 2008-02-26 2018-10-31 3M Innovative Properties Company Multi-photon exposure system
WO2009111626A2 (en) 2008-03-05 2009-09-11 Conformis, Inc. Implants for altering wear patterns of articular surfaces
US8257936B2 (en) 2008-04-09 2012-09-04 X-Body Inc. High resolution label free analysis of cellular properties
US9581723B2 (en) 2008-04-10 2017-02-28 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method for characterizing a geological formation traversed by a borehole
US8725477B2 (en) * 2008-04-10 2014-05-13 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method to generate numerical pseudocores using borehole images, digital rock samples, and multi-point statistics
AU2009246474B2 (en) 2008-05-12 2015-04-16 Conformis, Inc. Devices and methods for treatment of facet and other joints
WO2010011407A2 (en) * 2008-05-23 2010-01-28 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Methods of generating patterned soft substrates and uses thereof
IL196690A0 (en) * 2008-05-29 2011-08-01 Plasan Sasa Ltd Interchangeable door
AU2009271223B2 (en) 2008-06-24 2013-05-16 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Self-assembling multicellular bodies and methods of producing a three-dimensional biological structure using the same
TWI434142B (en) * 2008-07-25 2014-04-11 Nanya Technology Corp Lithography apparatus with a fiber module
WO2010022330A2 (en) * 2008-08-21 2010-02-25 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Differential laser-induced perturbation (dlip) for bioimaging and chemical sensing
US8675699B2 (en) 2009-01-23 2014-03-18 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Laser pulse synthesis system
US8861075B2 (en) 2009-03-05 2014-10-14 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Laser amplification system
US8311788B2 (en) 2009-07-01 2012-11-13 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method to quantify discrete pore shapes, volumes, and surface areas using confocal profilometry
US10004593B2 (en) 2009-08-13 2018-06-26 Acufocus, Inc. Intraocular lens with elastic mask
US9427311B2 (en) 2009-08-13 2016-08-30 Acufocus, Inc. Corneal inlay with nutrient transport structures
CA2770735C (en) 2009-08-13 2017-07-18 Acufocus, Inc. Masked intraocular implants and lenses
TWI410380B (en) * 2009-11-11 2013-10-01 Ind Tech Res Inst Method and system of manufacturing photosensitive glass microstructure
JP5589366B2 (en) * 2009-11-27 2014-09-17 ソニー株式会社 Information processing apparatus, information processing method, and program thereof
EP2509539B1 (en) 2009-12-11 2020-07-01 ConforMIS, Inc. Patient-specific and patient-engineered orthopedic implants
WO2011096956A1 (en) * 2010-02-05 2011-08-11 Micropyretics Heaters International, Inc. Anti-smudging, better gripping, better shelf-life of products and surfaces
US8630322B2 (en) 2010-03-01 2014-01-14 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Laser system for output manipulation
DE102010020158A1 (en) 2010-05-11 2011-11-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Device and method for producing three-dimensional structures
US20130203146A1 (en) * 2010-08-03 2013-08-08 Jackie Y. Ying Microfabricated scaffold structures
EP2629975B1 (en) 2010-10-21 2022-03-09 Organovo, Inc. Devices for the fabrication of tissue
EP2754419B1 (en) 2011-02-15 2024-02-07 ConforMIS, Inc. Patient-adapted and improved orthopedic implants
WO2012118866A2 (en) 2011-02-28 2012-09-07 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Methods to build 3d digital models of porous media using a combination of high- and low-resolution data and multi-point statistics
WO2012119144A1 (en) * 2011-03-03 2012-09-07 Cornell University Method for specifying and fabricating an object, associated apparatus, and applications
CA2857306C (en) 2011-12-02 2017-07-25 Acufocus, Inc. Ocular mask having selective spectral transmission
US9499779B2 (en) 2012-04-20 2016-11-22 Organovo, Inc. Devices, systems, and methods for the fabrication of tissue utilizing UV cross-linking
US20140178343A1 (en) 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Jian Q. Yao Supports and methods for promoting integration of cartilage tissue explants
US9204962B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-12-08 Acufocus, Inc. In situ adjustable optical mask
US9427922B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2016-08-30 Acufocus, Inc. Process for manufacturing an intraocular lens with an embedded mask
US9442105B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-09-13 Organovo, Inc. Engineered liver tissues, arrays thereof, and methods of making the same
DK3028042T3 (en) 2013-07-31 2021-10-04 Organovo Inc AUTOMATED DEVICES, SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF PROCESSING
CA3177480A1 (en) 2014-04-04 2015-10-08 Organovo, Inc. Engineered three-dimensional breast tissue, adipose tissue, and tumor disease model
WO2016057571A1 (en) 2014-10-06 2016-04-14 Organovo, Inc. Engineered renal tissues, arrays thereof, and methods of making the same
CN104441654B (en) * 2014-10-27 2016-08-24 清华大学深圳研究生院 A kind of three dimensional biological printing equipment and method
US20160122723A1 (en) 2014-11-05 2016-05-05 Organovo, Inc. Engineered three-dimensional skin tissues, arrays thereof, and methods of making the same
EP3317064B1 (en) 2015-06-30 2022-09-28 The Gillette Company LLC Method of manufacturing polymeric cutting edge structures
US10324080B2 (en) * 2015-11-17 2019-06-18 Purdue Research Foundation Systems and methods for automated image-guided patch-clamp electrophysiology in vitro
WO2017087759A1 (en) 2015-11-18 2017-05-26 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Cartridge-based system for long term culture of cell clusters
US10744426B2 (en) 2015-12-31 2020-08-18 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Structured elements and methods of use
US10054140B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2018-08-21 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels
JP6896999B2 (en) * 2016-03-17 2021-06-30 株式会社リコー Three-dimensional model, organ model and its manufacturing method
US10780599B2 (en) * 2016-06-28 2020-09-22 The Gillette Company Llc Polymeric cutting edge structures and method of manufacturing polymeric cutting edge structures
JP6982817B2 (en) * 2016-08-31 2021-12-17 国立大学法人千葉大学 Chiral microfiber manufacturing method and chiral microfiber manufactured by this method
FR3056593B1 (en) * 2016-09-28 2020-06-26 Ecole Centrale De Marseille METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL OBJECT BY A MULTI-PHOTONIC PHOTO-POLYMERIZATION PROCESS AND ASSOCIATED DEVICE
EP3306394B1 (en) * 2016-10-07 2019-12-04 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. Method for producing a structure with spatial encoded functionality
US11629318B2 (en) 2017-10-20 2023-04-18 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Methods for producing mature adipocytes and methods of use thereof
DE102018206937A1 (en) 2018-05-04 2019-11-07 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. An impedance matching device, a converter device, and a method of manufacturing an impedance matching device
CN109116054B (en) * 2018-09-21 2020-10-23 大连海事大学 Laser adjusting method for atomic force microscope submerged measurement
CN109294910B (en) * 2018-10-12 2021-02-19 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 Near-field cell 3D printing forming mechanism, 3D printing device and printing method thereof
DE102018128418B3 (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-11-14 Nanoscribe Gmbh Use of a dispenser attachment and dispenser attachment for a device for writing 3D structures by means of laser lithography
LT3702132T (en) 2019-02-26 2023-02-27 Upnano Gmbh Method for lithography-based generative production of a three-dimensional component
EP4076719A1 (en) 2019-12-20 2022-10-26 Crystaphase Products Inc. Resaturation of gas into a liquid feedstream
US11752477B2 (en) 2020-09-09 2023-09-12 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Process vessel entry zones
US11886022B2 (en) 2020-11-06 2024-01-30 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Beam expander and beam expansion method
DE102021004268A1 (en) * 2021-08-20 2023-02-23 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Device for photon-induced processes and/or modifications of materials
WO2023194331A1 (en) 2022-04-04 2023-10-12 Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) CONSTRUCTION OF SEQUENCING LIBRARIES FROM A RIBONUCLEIC ACID (RNA) USING TAILING AND LIGATION OF cDNA (TLC)
WO2024073400A1 (en) * 2022-09-28 2024-04-04 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Line scanning temporally focused two-photon lithography system

Family Cites Families (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU891062A1 (en) * 1980-04-14 1981-12-23 Предприятие П/Я Р-6681 Luminescent endoscope
JPS6087218A (en) * 1983-10-19 1985-05-16 Japan Atom Energy Res Inst Production of slow-releasing composite
US4575330A (en) 1984-08-08 1986-03-11 Uvp, Inc. Apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography
US4969912A (en) * 1988-02-18 1990-11-13 Kelman Charles D Human collagen processing and autoimplant use
US5643464A (en) * 1988-11-21 1997-07-01 Collagen Corporation Process for preparing a sterile, dry crosslinking agent
US5113117A (en) 1989-09-08 1992-05-12 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Miniature electrical and mechanical structures useful for constructing miniature robots
US5034613A (en) 1989-11-14 1991-07-23 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Two-photon laser microscopy
WO1992000185A1 (en) * 1990-06-22 1992-01-09 Martin Russell Harris Optical waveguides
US5386112A (en) * 1990-06-29 1995-01-31 Dixon; Arthur E. Apparatus and method for transmitted-light and reflected-light imaging
US5410016A (en) 1990-10-15 1995-04-25 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Photopolymerizable biodegradable hydrogels as tissue contacting materials and controlled-release carriers
DE4040441A1 (en) * 1990-12-18 1992-07-02 Hell Stefan DOUBLE CONFOCAL GRID MICROSCOPE
IL97362A0 (en) * 1991-02-26 1992-08-18 Aaron Lewis Method for external excitation of subwavelength light sources that is integrated into feedback methodologies
US5289407A (en) * 1991-07-22 1994-02-22 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Method for three dimensional optical data storage and retrieval
US5573934A (en) 1992-04-20 1996-11-12 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Gels for encapsulation of biological materials
US5370692A (en) 1992-08-14 1994-12-06 Guild Associates, Inc. Rapid, customized bone prosthesis
US5360764A (en) 1993-02-16 1994-11-01 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce Method of fabricating laser controlled nanolithography
DE4309068A1 (en) 1993-03-20 1994-09-22 Saechsisches Textilforsch Inst Process for grafting inorganic substances onto organic high polymers
US5380589A (en) 1993-04-19 1995-01-10 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Biotextured surfaces
US5849035A (en) 1993-04-28 1998-12-15 Focal, Inc. Methods for intraluminal photothermoforming
US5518680A (en) 1993-10-18 1996-05-21 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Tissue regeneration matrices by solid free form fabrication techniques
JP3685339B2 (en) * 1993-12-07 2005-08-17 独立行政法人理化学研究所 Control method of photoreaction by laser
EP0713400A1 (en) * 1994-06-15 1996-05-29 St.Jude Medical, Inc Enhanced cross-linking of natural tissues
US5556752A (en) 1994-10-24 1996-09-17 Affymetrix, Inc. Surface-bound, unimolecular, double-stranded DNA
US5671085A (en) * 1995-02-03 1997-09-23 The Regents Of The University Of California Method and apparatus for three-dimensional microscopy with enhanced depth resolution
EP0862432A4 (en) * 1995-09-06 2003-03-19 Univ New York State Res Found Two-photon upconverting dyes and applications
US6093246A (en) 1995-09-08 2000-07-25 Sandia Corporation Photonic crystal devices formed by a charged-particle beam
US5998580A (en) * 1995-10-13 1999-12-07 Fay; Frederick F. Photosensitive caged macromolecules
US5700241A (en) 1996-04-04 1997-12-23 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Cross-sectional tissue textured surfaces
DE19717912A1 (en) * 1996-04-24 1997-11-13 Optikzentrum Nrw Gmbh Oz Structuring of surfaces of components by removal of material with laser pulses
JPH104059A (en) * 1996-06-14 1998-01-06 Nikon Corp Exposure apparatus and method
US5829448A (en) * 1996-10-30 1998-11-03 Photogen, Inc. Method for improved selectivity in photo-activation of molecular agents
US7353829B1 (en) * 1996-10-30 2008-04-08 Provectus Devicetech, Inc. Methods and apparatus for multi-photon photo-activation of therapeutic agents
US5832931A (en) * 1996-10-30 1998-11-10 Photogen, Inc. Method for improved selectivity in photo-activation and detection of molecular diagnostic agents
WO1998021521A1 (en) * 1996-11-12 1998-05-22 California Institute Of Technology Two-photon or higher-order absorbing optical materials and methods of use
ES2213899T3 (en) * 1997-04-29 2004-09-01 Amersham Health As CONTRAST AGENTS USED IN IMAGE FORMATION TECHNIQUES BASED ON LIGHT.
CA2326322C (en) * 1998-04-21 2011-03-01 University Of Connecticut Free-form nanofabrication using multi-photon excitation
DE19927724A1 (en) * 1998-06-19 2000-01-20 Optiscan Pty Ltd Endoscope, microscope or endomicroscope for two-photon excitation of tissue
DE19833025C2 (en) * 1998-07-23 2001-07-05 Leica Microsystems Optical arrangement for the transmission of short laser pulses in optical fibers

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10792860B2 (en) 2015-05-15 2020-10-06 Sony Corporation Stereolithographic object, product, and method of manufacturing product

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1084454B1 (en) 2016-03-09
US6713772B2 (en) 2004-03-30
EP1084454A4 (en) 2008-09-10
WO1999054784A9 (en) 2000-07-06
EP2133725A2 (en) 2009-12-16
EP2133725A3 (en) 2010-02-10
WO1999054784A1 (en) 1999-10-28
US20020006648A1 (en) 2002-01-17
EP1084454A1 (en) 2001-03-21
EP2133725B1 (en) 2018-06-06
US6316153B1 (en) 2001-11-13
CA2326322C (en) 2011-03-01
JP2002512260A (en) 2002-04-23
JP4564655B2 (en) 2010-10-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2326322A1 (en) Free-form nanofabrication using multi-photon excitation
Yang et al. Multi-material multi-photon 3D laser micro-and nanoprinting
JP3818265B2 (en) Light immobilization method for minute object, carrier for immobilizing minute object, and observation method for minute object
Campagnola et al. 3-dimensional submicron polymerization of acrylamide by multiphoton excitation of xanthene dyes
Doh et al. Photogenerated polyelectrolyte bilayers from an aqueous-processible photoresist for multicomponent protein patterning
Ha et al. Photophysics of fluorescent probes for single-molecule biophysics and super-resolution imaging
US9513405B2 (en) Biopolymer photonic crystals and method of manufacturing the same
ES2273704T3 (en) PROCEDURE FOR USING A DETECTION PLATFORM.
Yang et al. Light-activated affinity micropatterning of proteins on self-assembled monolayers on gold
US20060274314A1 (en) Examination system for examination of a specimen; sub-units and units therefore, a sensor and a microscope
US20030219196A1 (en) Microarray system and method of use thereof
Jaiswal et al. Two decades of two-photon lithography: Materials science perspective for additive manufacturing of 2D/3D nano-microstructures
JP2020079793A (en) Systems and methods for high throughput analysis of conformation in biological entities
Gräfe et al. It's in the Fine Print: Erasable Three‐Dimensional Laser‐Printed Micro‐and Nanostructures
Hasselmann et al. Two-photon fabrication of hydrogel microstructures for excitation and immobilization of cells
Murtezi et al. Biofunctionalization of sub-diffractionally patterned polymer structures by photobleaching
WO2006130995A2 (en) Fluorescent photopolymerizable resins and uses thereof
US20170252976A1 (en) Apparatus, system, and method for 4-dimensional molecular printing
Hasselmann et al. Attachment of microstructures to single bacteria by two-photon patterning of a protein based hydrogel
McMullin et al. Fiber-optic-based optical trapping and detection for lab-on-a-chip (LOC) applications
Xu et al. Laser-guided direct writing: a novel method to deposit biomolecules for biosensors arrays
US20220380602A1 (en) System and method for high resolution 3d nanofabrication
KR20230150348A (en) Substrate for immobilizing substances and its use
Flamourakis et al. A low-autofluorescence, transparent resin for multiphoton 3D printing
Wu Biological/chemical sensing system based on degradable hydrogel with fiber optics or microfluidics

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EEER Examination request
MKEX Expiry

Effective date: 20190423