CA2331561C - Structural member for building and method for forming a structure for building - Google Patents
Structural member for building and method for forming a structure for building Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2331561C CA2331561C CA002331561A CA2331561A CA2331561C CA 2331561 C CA2331561 C CA 2331561C CA 002331561 A CA002331561 A CA 002331561A CA 2331561 A CA2331561 A CA 2331561A CA 2331561 C CA2331561 C CA 2331561C
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- Prior art keywords
- modular
- modular unit
- ladder
- units
- connecting surface
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
- E04B1/10—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/14—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or girders laid in two directions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
- E04C3/16—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with apertured web, e.g. trusses
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/28—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of materials not covered by groups E04C3/04 - E04C3/20
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B2001/0053—Buildings characterised by their shape or layout grid
- E04B2001/0076—Buildings with specific right-angled horizontal layout grid
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2445—Load-supporting elements with reinforcement at the connection point other than the connector
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2457—Beam to beam connections
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
- E04C2003/0491—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements the truss elements being located in one single surface or in several parallel surfaces
Abstract
A structural member for a building, which has a first ladder-like vertical frame, a second ladder-like vertical frame, a ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment, a ladder-like vertical frame for corner, a frame for corner, a ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam and a ladder-like horizontal frame for floor which are constituted by ladder-like frames. These structural members are arranged in the same plane or transversely, and connected and fixed with bolts.
Description
STRUCTURAL MEMBER FOR BUILDING AND METHOD FOR FORMING A
STRUCTURE FOR BUILDING
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field Of The Invention The present invention relates generally to modular construction systems and, more particularly, to construction systems which employ a plurality of connectable modular units which can be assembled by amateur builders to construct modular structures having various structural configurations with improved wind load resistance. The present invention also relates to methods for constructing modular structures using the modular units.
Background Information The construction of building structures has been primarily carried out by large professional construction companies and/or builders. Both skilled and unskilled labor has been required to employ the various conventional methods for construction of building structures, which increases the overall construction cost. Furthermore, due to the requirement for skilled labor, the construction of conventional building structures has not been able to be completely realized by amateur builders.
Moreover, the construction of conventional building structures often requires more than one worker for handling the various construction components due to their large size and weight. Additionally, the safety of construction workers is often compromised since most operations in conventional building construction methods must be carried out from the exterior of the building structures.
Many of the modern buildings are being constructed with modular units, which greatly facilitates the construction of the building by reducing costly amounts of skilled and unskilled labor as well as reducing the amount of construction time. However, these modular units are quite costly and not universally adaptable to a wide variety of applications.
Japanese Patent Application No. 8-340646, filed Dec.
4, 1996 by the present inventors (now JP-A-10-169078, dated Jun. 23, 1998) and corresponding to U. S. Pat. No. 6, 014, 842, discloses a method for constructing a building structure using wood blocks. However, such construction method suffers from the drawback that when the wood blocks are large in size (e. g., the height of the building structure above ground level is increased), the resistance of the building structure to pressures exerted by wind is decreased.
STRUCTURE FOR BUILDING
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field Of The Invention The present invention relates generally to modular construction systems and, more particularly, to construction systems which employ a plurality of connectable modular units which can be assembled by amateur builders to construct modular structures having various structural configurations with improved wind load resistance. The present invention also relates to methods for constructing modular structures using the modular units.
Background Information The construction of building structures has been primarily carried out by large professional construction companies and/or builders. Both skilled and unskilled labor has been required to employ the various conventional methods for construction of building structures, which increases the overall construction cost. Furthermore, due to the requirement for skilled labor, the construction of conventional building structures has not been able to be completely realized by amateur builders.
Moreover, the construction of conventional building structures often requires more than one worker for handling the various construction components due to their large size and weight. Additionally, the safety of construction workers is often compromised since most operations in conventional building construction methods must be carried out from the exterior of the building structures.
Many of the modern buildings are being constructed with modular units, which greatly facilitates the construction of the building by reducing costly amounts of skilled and unskilled labor as well as reducing the amount of construction time. However, these modular units are quite costly and not universally adaptable to a wide variety of applications.
Japanese Patent Application No. 8-340646, filed Dec.
4, 1996 by the present inventors (now JP-A-10-169078, dated Jun. 23, 1998) and corresponding to U. S. Pat. No. 6, 014, 842, discloses a method for constructing a building structure using wood blocks. However, such construction method suffers from the drawback that when the wood blocks are large in size (e. g., the height of the building structure above ground level is increased), the resistance of the building structure to pressures exerted by wind is decreased.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a set of modular units, modular structures constructed of the modular units, and a method for constructing the modular structures, which overcome the foregoing drawbacks of the conventional art.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a set of modular units which is not expensive to manufacture and which is adaptable to a wide variety of modular structures.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a set of modular units which can be readily assembled by amateur builders to construct modular structures in a relatively short period of time.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a set of modular units each of which is of a configuration, size and weight so as to enable a single amateur builder with minimum amounts of skill to transport and manipulate the same during construction of modular structures.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a set of modular units which can be readily assembled by amateur builders to construct modular structures using only a minimum z number of simple connection elements and which 2a does not require special tools for the assembly.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a set of modular units which can be assembled to construct modular structures with improved wind load resistance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a modular structure which utilizes modular units to provide a final framework capable of assuming nearly any shape or size.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of constructing a modular structure which reduces costly amounts of skilled and unskilled labor and which reduces the amount of construction time.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a modular building structure and a construction method therefor in which all of the assembly operations, except for the construction of a roof structure, can be performed from the interior of the building structure.
The foregoing and other objects of the present invention are carried out by a modular unit system comprising a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units. The modular units of at least one of the modular unit sets have 2b a ladder-like configuration. The modular units of each modular unit set have connecting surfaces each for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to construct a modular structure having a predetermined configuration.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a modular structure construction comprising a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units, the modular units of each modular unit set having connecting surfaces, and means interconnecting each connecting surface of each modular unit of each modular unit set to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to define the modular structure. The modular units of at least one of the modular unit sets have a ladder-like configuration.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a building system comprising a building having a foundation, at least one wall structure, and at least one floor structure for supporting the wall structure on the 2c foundation. The wall structure and the floor structure comprise a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units. The modular units of at least one of the modular unit sets have a ladder-like configuration. The modular units of each modular unit set have connecting surfaces each for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to define the wall structure and the floor structure.
In one embodiment, the plurality of modular unit sets of each of the foregoing modular unit system, the modular structure construction and the building system comprise seven modular units sets. The modular units of six of the modular unit sets have a ladder-like configuration. The modular units of the seventh modular unit set have a generally L-shaped outline.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a modular structure construction comprising a plurality of first modular units each having a ladder-like configuration and a plurality of second modular units each having a generally L-shaped outline. Each of the first and second 2d modular units has connecting surfaces for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other of the first and second modular units to define the modular structure construction.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for constructing modular structures using the modular units according to the present invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
2e Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the relation between respective ladder-like frames.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a first ladder-like vertical frame.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a second ladder-like vertical frame.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a ladder-like vertical frame f or corner.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing a frame for corner.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing a ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing a ladder-like horizontal frame f or f 1 oor.
Fig. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing a T-type frame.
Fig. l0 is an exploded perspective view showing a +(plus)-type frame:
Fig. 1I is an enlarged and exploded perspective view showing the case where a backplate is attached to a ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam.
The present invention is directed to a set of modular units, modular structures constructed of the modular units, and a method for constructing the modular structures, which overcome the foregoing drawbacks of the conventional art.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a set of modular units which is not expensive to manufacture and which is adaptable to a wide variety of modular structures.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a set of modular units which can be readily assembled by amateur builders to construct modular structures in a relatively short period of time.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a set of modular units each of which is of a configuration, size and weight so as to enable a single amateur builder with minimum amounts of skill to transport and manipulate the same during construction of modular structures.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a set of modular units which can be readily assembled by amateur builders to construct modular structures using only a minimum z number of simple connection elements and which 2a does not require special tools for the assembly.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a set of modular units which can be assembled to construct modular structures with improved wind load resistance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a modular structure which utilizes modular units to provide a final framework capable of assuming nearly any shape or size.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of constructing a modular structure which reduces costly amounts of skilled and unskilled labor and which reduces the amount of construction time.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a modular building structure and a construction method therefor in which all of the assembly operations, except for the construction of a roof structure, can be performed from the interior of the building structure.
The foregoing and other objects of the present invention are carried out by a modular unit system comprising a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units. The modular units of at least one of the modular unit sets have 2b a ladder-like configuration. The modular units of each modular unit set have connecting surfaces each for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to construct a modular structure having a predetermined configuration.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a modular structure construction comprising a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units, the modular units of each modular unit set having connecting surfaces, and means interconnecting each connecting surface of each modular unit of each modular unit set to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to define the modular structure. The modular units of at least one of the modular unit sets have a ladder-like configuration.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a building system comprising a building having a foundation, at least one wall structure, and at least one floor structure for supporting the wall structure on the 2c foundation. The wall structure and the floor structure comprise a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units. The modular units of at least one of the modular unit sets have a ladder-like configuration. The modular units of each modular unit set have connecting surfaces each for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to define the wall structure and the floor structure.
In one embodiment, the plurality of modular unit sets of each of the foregoing modular unit system, the modular structure construction and the building system comprise seven modular units sets. The modular units of six of the modular unit sets have a ladder-like configuration. The modular units of the seventh modular unit set have a generally L-shaped outline.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a modular structure construction comprising a plurality of first modular units each having a ladder-like configuration and a plurality of second modular units each having a generally L-shaped outline. Each of the first and second 2d modular units has connecting surfaces for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other of the first and second modular units to define the modular structure construction.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for constructing modular structures using the modular units according to the present invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
2e Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the relation between respective ladder-like frames.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a first ladder-like vertical frame.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a second ladder-like vertical frame.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a ladder-like vertical frame f or corner.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing a frame for corner.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing a ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing a ladder-like horizontal frame f or f 1 oor.
Fig. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing a T-type frame.
Fig. l0 is an exploded perspective view showing a +(plus)-type frame:
Fig. 1I is an enlarged and exploded perspective view showing the case where a backplate is attached to a ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam.
Fig. 12 is a fragmentary enlarged and exploded perspective view showing the case where a crossbeam is connected to a beam.
Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing the case where a beam is connected to a ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam.
Fig. 14 is a schematic plane view illustrating the dimensions of the first ladder-like vertical frame, the second ladder-like vertical frame and the ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment.
Fig. I5 is a schematic plane view illustrating the dimensions of the first ladder-like vertical frame, the ladder-like vertical frame for corner and the frame for corner.
Fig. 16 is a front view showing a one-story building.
Fig. 17 is a rear view showing the building of Fig. 16.
Fig. 18 is a left-side view showing the building of Fig. 16.
Fig. 19 is a right-side view showing the building of Fig. 16.
Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines A-A of Fig. 16.
Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines B-B of Fig. 16.
Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken <along lines C-C of Fig. I6.
Fig. 23 is an explanatory and partially cutaway view showing a state where a structure panel is fixed to a wall face.
Fig. 24 is a side view showing a two-story building.
Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing the case where a beam is connected to a ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam.
Fig. 14 is a schematic plane view illustrating the dimensions of the first ladder-like vertical frame, the second ladder-like vertical frame and the ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment.
Fig. I5 is a schematic plane view illustrating the dimensions of the first ladder-like vertical frame, the ladder-like vertical frame for corner and the frame for corner.
Fig. 16 is a front view showing a one-story building.
Fig. 17 is a rear view showing the building of Fig. 16.
Fig. 18 is a left-side view showing the building of Fig. 16.
Fig. 19 is a right-side view showing the building of Fig. 16.
Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines A-A of Fig. 16.
Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines B-B of Fig. 16.
Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken <along lines C-C of Fig. I6.
Fig. 23 is an explanatory and partially cutaway view showing a state where a structure panel is fixed to a wall face.
Fig. 24 is a side view showing a two-story building.
Fig. 25 is an explanatory and partially cutaway view showing a state where a structure panel is fixed to a wall face of the building shown in Fig. 24.
Fig. 26 is a schematic plane view showing a floor structure of a second f loon Fig. 27 is an exploded perspective view showing a case where a crossbeam, a beam and a ladder-like horizont<~l frame for floor are connected.
Fig. 28 is an exploded perspective view showing a case where a beam portion is formed.
Fig. 29 is a vertical sectional view showing a state where a cross-beam, a beam and a floor are connected.
Fig. 30 is an exploded perspective view showing a case where a beam is connected to a ladder-like horizontal frar,~e for floor.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODInIENTS
Hereinafter, the mode for carrying out i:he present invention will be explained with reference to examples and drawings.
1 is a structural member for building. and constituted by the following ladder-like frames: a first ladder-like vertical frame 2, a second ladder-like vertical frame 3, a ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4, a ladder-like vertical frame food corner 5, a frame for corner 6, a ladder-like horizontal frame for <~ crossbeam 7 and a ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8.
A. The first ladder-like vertical frame 2 comprises a left vertical plate-like body 2A and a right vertical plate--like body 2A which are set in parallel; an upper horizontal plate-like body 2B
and a Iowei- horizontal plate-like body 2B which are mounted at upper and lower ends, respectively, of the left and right vertical plate-like bodies; and intermediate horizontal plate-like bodies 2C which are mounted (or extended) with a predetermined interval between the upper horizontal plate-like body and the lower horizontal plate-like body.
In addition, horizontal bolt holes 2H1 in an inside-and-outside direction are formed in the left and right vertical plate-like bodies with a predetermined interval; and vertical bolt holes 2H2 in an up-and-down direction are formed in the upper horizontal plate-like body and the lower horizontal plate-like body with a predetemined interval.
B. The second ladder-like vertical frame 3 comprises a left vertical plate-like body 3A and a right vertical plate-like body 3A which are s set in parallel; a central vertical pillar-like body 3B provided at the middle of and in parallel with the lefl; and right vertical plate-like bodies; an upper horizontal plate-l.ile body 3C and a lower horizontal plate-like body 3C which are mounted at upper and lower ends, respectively, of the left and right vertical plate-like bodies 3A, and the central vertical pillar-like body 3B; and intf;rmediate horizontal plate-like bodies 3D which are provided with a predetermined interval between each of the left and right vertical plate-likE; bodies 3A, and the central vertical pillar-like body 3B and in parallel with the upper horizontal plate-like body.
In addition, horizontal bolt holes 3H1 in an inside-and~outside direction are formed in the left and right vertical plate-like bodies 3A, 3A with a predetermined interval; vertical bolt holes 3H2 in an up-and-down direction are formed in the upper horizotal plate-like body 3C and the lower horizontal plate-like body 3C with a predetermined interval; and front and rear horizontal bolt holes 3H3 in a front-and-rear direction are formed in the central vertical pillar-like body 3B with a predetermined interval.
C. The ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 comprises a left vertical plate-like body 4A and a right vertical plate-like body 4A which are set in parallel; an upper horizontal plate-like body 4B and a lower horizontal plate-like body 4B which are mounted at upper and lower ends, respectively, of the left and right vertical plate-like bodies; and intermediate horizontal plalte-like bodies 4C which are mounted Cor extended) with a predetermined interval between the upper horizontal plate-like body and the lower horizontal plate-like body.
In addition, horizontal bolt holes 4H1 in an inside-and-outside direction are formed in the left and right vertical plate-like bodies with a predetermined interval; and vertical bolt holes 4H2 in an up-and-down direction are formed in the upper horizontal plate-like body and the lower horizontal plate-like body with a predetermined interval.
D. The ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 comprises one vertical plate-like body 5B and another vertical plate;-like body 5B which are set in a substantially L-type shape in a plane view with a central vertical pillar-like body 5A as the center; a.n upper horizontal plate-like body 5C and a Iower horizontal plate-like body 5C
which are mounted at upper and lower ends, respectively, of the central vertical pillar-like body 5A, the one vertical plate-like body 5B and the another vertical plate-like body 5B; and intermediate s horizontal plate-like bodies 5D which are mounted (or extended) with a predetermined interval between the upper horizontal plate-like body and the lower horizontal plate-like body.
In addition. horizontal bolt holes 5H1 in an inside-and-outside direction are formed in the one vertical plate-like body 5B and the another vertical plate-like body 5B with a predetermined interval;
and vertical bolt holes 5H2 in an up-and-down direction are formed in the upper horizontal plate-like~body 5C and the lower horizontal plate-like body SC with a predetermined interval.
E. The frame for corner 6 comprises one vertical plate-like body 6B
and another vertical plate-like body 6B which are set in a substantially L-type shape in a plane view with a central vertical pillar-like body fiA as the center; and an upper horizontal plate-like body 6C and a lower horizontal plate-like body 6C which are mounted at upper and lower ends, respectively, of the central vetical pillar-like 6A, the one vertical plate-like body 6B and the another vertical plate-like-body 6B.
In addition, horizontal bolt holes 6H1 in an inside-and-outside direction are formed in the one vertical platE;-like body 6B and the another vertical plate-like body 6B with a prE;determined interval;
and vertical bolt holes 6H2 in an up-and-down direction and formed in the upper horizontal plate-like body 6C and the lower horizontal plate-like body 6C with a predetermined interval.
F. The ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 comprises an upper horizontal plate-like body 7A and a lower horizontal plate-like body 7A which are set in parallel; a left vertical plate-like body 7B and a right vertical plate-like body 'lB which are mounted at both of left and right ends, respectively, of the upper and lower horizontal plate-like bodies; and intermediate vertical pillar-like bodies 7C which are mounted (or extended) with a predetermined interval between the left vertical plate-like body and the right vertical plate-like body.
In addition> vertical bolt holes 7H1 are formed in the upper and lower horizontal plate-like bodies 2A, 7A with a predetermined interval;
horizontal bolt holes 7H2 are formed in the left vertical plate-like body 7B and the right vertical plate-like body 7B with a predetermined interval; and inside horizontal bolt holes 7H~3 and inside front-and-rear horizontal bolt holes 7H4 are formed in the intermediate vertical prism-like body 7C.
G. The ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8 comprises a front to horizontal plate-like body 8A and a rear horizontal plate-like body 8A which are set in parallel; a left horizontal plate-like body 8B and a right horizontal plate-like body 8B which are mounted at both of left and right ends, respectively, of front and rear horizontal plate-like bodies; and intermediate horizontal pillar-like bodies 8C which are mounted (or extended) with a predetermined interval between the left horizontal plate-like body and the right horizontal plate-like body.
In addition, horizontal bolt holes 8H1 in a front-and-rear direction are formed in the front and rear horizontal plate-like bodies 8A, 8A with a predetermined interval; horizontal bolt holes 8H2 in a left-and-right direction are formed in the left horizontal plate-like body 8B and the right horizontal plate-like body 8B with a predetermined interval; and vertical bolt holes 8H3 in an up-and-down direction are formed in the intermediate horizontal pillar-like body 8C with a predetermined interval.
Here, the dimensional relation of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4, ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5, frame for corner 6, ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 and m ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8, will be explained with reference to Figs. 14 and 15.
A. The size of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 in a left-and-right or horizontal direction is referred to .as "a~ as a standard size.
B. The size of the second ladder-like vertical frame 3 in a left-and right direction is set to have a size H2a» which is 2-times of that of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2.
C. When the size of the ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 in a left-and right direction is referred t~o as »bn, the size nb"
is set to be the same as the size obtainable ~by adding the intermediate horizontal plate-like body 2C to either one of the left vertical plate-like body 2A and the right vertical plate-like body 2A of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2.
In Fig. 14, the size "a° is the standard size as mentioned above.
In order to satisfy the size "a", the size nb" of the ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 to be used for- a +(plus)-type partition or a T-type partition is required to be shorter than the size n n a.
D. In the ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5, the size Hc» between the central vertical pillar-like body 5A and t:he one vertical plate-like body 5B and the size "c" between 'the central vertical pillar-like body 5A and the another vertical plate-like body 5B, are set to have a size obtainable by adding the width of the central vertical pillar-like body 5A to the ;>ize Ha».
E. Iri the frame for corner 6, the size Hc" between the central vertical pillar-like body 6A and the one vertical plai':e-like body 6B and the size ncn between the central vertical pillar-like body 6A
and the another vertical plate-like body 6B, are set to have a size obtainable by adding the width of the central. vertical pillar-like body 6A to the size "a".
F. The width of the ladder-like vertical fra~.me for crossbeam 7 is set to be the same as the width of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2.
G. The width of the ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8 (not shown) is set to be the same as the width of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2.
Next, the relation of the horizontal bolt holes, vertical bolt holes and front-and-rear bolt holes formed in respective ladder-like frames will be explained.
A. When the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4, ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 and frame for corner 6 are stood in a parallel state and connected, these are constructed so that the corresponding horizontal bolt hales are put together and bolts B are extended through the holes and tightly screwed.
B. When the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 and frame for corner 6 are stood in a parallel state and then the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 is turned sideways and connected thereto, these are constructed so that the vertical bolt holes of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame :for corner 5 and frame for corner fi and the corresponding lower vertical bolt holes 7H1 of the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 are put together, and then bolts B are extended through the holds and tightly screwed CFig. 1).
C. When the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4, ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 or frame for corner 6 is connected to the central vertical pillar-like body 3B of the second ladder-like vertical frame 3, these are constructed so that the front-and-rear horizontal bolt holes 3H3 of the second ladder-like vervtical frame 3 and the corresponding horizontal bolt holes of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4, ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 or frame for corner 6 are put together. and then bolts B are extended through the holes and tightly screwed (Fig. 9 and Fig. 10).
D. The vertical bolt holes 8H3 in an up-and--down direction of the ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8, arE: constructed to correspond to the horizontal bolt holes 2H1 of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 CFig. 30).
Other matters:
A. With the respective ladder-like frames, basic forms and other units are prepared in a factory, and then brought to a construction site, and fabrication is made by several amateurs having no skill.
B. Respective ladder-like frames are made of wood, hardened wood chips, plastics. metals, or ones obtained by casting plastics, metals or the like into a form by the provisional frame.
A method for constructing a one-story building 1A using the structu-ral member for building Y comprises the following respective steps.
First step:
On the upper face of a conventional foundation Cnot shown), while standing the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame 'for adjustment 4 and ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 in a parallel state, mutual corresponding horizontal bolt holes are put together and bolts B
B are tightly screwed to form a wall face J of a first floor (Fig. 16).
The respective ladder-like vertical frames may be connected to the conventional foundation by means of anchor boats Cnot shown) utilizing lower vertical bolt holes.
Second step:
When it is desired to form a partition K within the wall face J of the first floor, the T-type frame 9 as shown i:n Fig. 9 or the +-type frame 10 as shown in Fig. 10 is formed, and to the T-type frame 9 or +-type frame 10, the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 or the like is connected with bolts in a required number and extended (Figs. 20 and 21).
The T-type frame 9 is constructed by connecting the ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 to the central vertical pillar-like body 3B of the second ladder-like vertical frame 3 in a plane T-type shape.
In this connection, besides the ladder-Like vertical frame for ~s adjustment ~, a first ladder-like vertical frame 2 may sometimes be used.
The +-type frame 10 is constructed so that one ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 and another ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 are connected in a plane T-type shape with the central vertical pillar-like body 3B of the second ladder-like vertical frame 2 as the center.
In the above case, the front-and-rear horizontal bolt holes of the central vertical pillar-like body 3B and the horizontal bolt holes of the ladder-like vertical frame for adjustmE;nt 4 are connected by tightly screwing them with bolts B.
Besides the ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4, a first ladder-like vertical frame 2 may sometimes be used.
Third step:
In a state where the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 and the frame for corner 6 are mounted in a plane square shape on the upper face of the wall face J of the first floor, these are connected with bolts to obtain a crossbeam L of the first floor.
Namely, the vertical bolt holes at the side of the wall face J of the first flaor and the Iower vertical bolt holes 7H1 of the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 are tightly screwed with bolts B, and the vertical bolt holes at the side of the wall face J
of the first floor and the lower vertical bolt holes 6H2 of the frame for corner 6 are tightly screwed with bolts B, and further.
the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 and the frame for corner 6 are tightly screwed with holes B to obtain a crossbeam L
of the first floor.
Fourth steps In a state where appropriate number of the first ladder-like vertical frames 2 are turned sideways in parallel with a predetermined interval inside the crossbeam L of the first floor, the vertical bolt holes 2H2 of said first ladder-like vertical frame 2 and the front-and-rear horizontal bolt holes 7H4 at the inside of the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 are connected with bolts B to obtain a crossbeam M
of the first floor (Figs. 13 and 21).
In this case, by utilizing the horizontal bolt holes 7H3 at the inside formed in the intermediate vertical pillar-like body 7C, backplates 7D, 7D are abutted on both surfaces of the ini~ermediate vertical pillar-like body 7C and these are connected with bolts B to conduct reinforcement CFig. 11).
A reinforcing plate 7E is attached to both of the left and right i8 faces of the first ladder-like vertical framE; 2 (Fig. 28) Fifth step:
Onto the upper face of the crossbeam L of the first floor, the frame for corner 6 and appropriate number of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 turned sideways which are arranged to be in a plate square shape are connected, to obtain a parapet N (Fig. 22.).
Sixth step:
After completion of the connection and fixing of the respective ladder-like frames, a structural panel 11 is fixed to a crosspiece of the foundation by means of nails or screws Cor vis) by a conventional constructing method. In this case, the vertical and horizontal plate-like bodies, intermediate vertical and horizontal plate-like bodies and central vertical pillar-like bodies function as the crosspieces of the foundation.
A method for constructing a two-story building 1B using the structural member for building 1 comprises the following respective steps.
First step:
On the upper face of a conventional foundation Cnot shown), while standing the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 and is ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 in a parallel state, mutual corresponding bolt holes are put together and bolts B are tightly screwed to form a wall face J of a first floor (Fig. 24).
The respective ladder-like vertical frames may be connected to the conventional foundation by means of anchor bolts (not shown) utilizing lower vertical bolt holes.
Second step to fourth step:
The same steps as in the above case for constructing the one-story building are repeated.
Fifth step:
The ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8 is placed horizontally on the upper face of the crossbeam M of the first floor, and it is tightly screwed and fixed utilizing the vertical bolt holes 8H3 of the ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8 and the horizontal bolt holes 2H1 of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 by means of bolts B. Then, the ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8 are mutually fixedly connected with bolts CB) to :form a floor plate 12 on the upper face of the ladder-like horizont<~l frame for floor 8 (Figs. 27 and 29). In this case, a backplate 13 is fixed to the to inside of the crossbeam with nails or screws Cor vis:>, and the end portion of the ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8 is abutted on the backplate 13 for support.
Sixth step:
On the upper face of the crossbeam L of the first floor, while standing the first ladder-like vertical frame 2. second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 and ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 in a parallel state, mutual corresponding horizontal bolt holes are put together and bolts B are tightly screwed to form a wall face P of the seond floor.
Connection with the crossbeam L of the first floor is conducted by utilizing mutual vertical bolt holes.
Seventh step:
When it is desired to form a partition K within the wall face P of the second floor, the T-type frame 9 as shown in Fig. 9 or the +-type frame 10 as shown i n Fi g. 10 i s formed, and t o the T-type frame 9 or +-type frame 10, the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 or the like is connected in a required number and extended.
Eighth step:
While mounting the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 and the frame for corner 6 ors the upper face of tree wall face P of the second floor, these frames are tightly screwed by means of bolts B
with the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 and the frame for corner 6, respectively, which are positioned below and constitute the wall face d of the first floor to form a crossbeam k of the second floor structured in a plane squarE shape:
Ninth step:
In a state where appropriate number of the first ladder-like vertical frames 2 are turned sideways in parallel with a predetermined interval inside the crossbeam R of the second floor, the vertical bolt holes 2H2 of the first ladder-like vertical frames 2 and the front-and-rear horizontal bolt holes 7H4 at tlhe inside of the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 are connected with bolts B to obtain a crossbeam S of the second floor (Fig. 26).
Tenth step:
Onto the upper face of the crossbeam A of the second floor, the frame for corner 6 and appropriate number of the first ladder-like vertical frames 2 turned sideways which are arranged to be in a plane square shape are connected to obtain a parapet T.
Eleventh step:
After completion of the connection and fixing of the respective ladder-like frames, a structural panel 11 is fired to the crosspiece of the foundation by means of nails or screws (or vis) by a conventional constructing method as in the above case for the one-story building.
The present invention as constructed above shows the following effects.
According to the present invention, it is possible to strengthen the wall portions, and only bolts are used as a metal fitting far connection and the structure can be fabricated by using only a spanner as a tool, whereby even amateurs can conduct fabrication operation properly.
Further, respective ladder-like frames can be set to nave a weight for which lifting and operation can be made adequately by a group of two persons.
If the labor cost by a family is regarded as zero, the labor cost for fabrication of the structure is also zero, and the whole cost can be substantially reduced.
It is possible to have an aim at consumers' own houses built by themselves.
Since the shapes of the ladder-like frames are same one another, the production thereof in a factory is easy, and transfer thereof can be made efficiently.
Besides, there are various effects that the production can be made at a low cost, its fabrication is easy by virtue of the small number of parts and it is advantageous from the economical viewpoint.
Fig. 26 is a schematic plane view showing a floor structure of a second f loon Fig. 27 is an exploded perspective view showing a case where a crossbeam, a beam and a ladder-like horizont<~l frame for floor are connected.
Fig. 28 is an exploded perspective view showing a case where a beam portion is formed.
Fig. 29 is a vertical sectional view showing a state where a cross-beam, a beam and a floor are connected.
Fig. 30 is an exploded perspective view showing a case where a beam is connected to a ladder-like horizontal frar,~e for floor.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODInIENTS
Hereinafter, the mode for carrying out i:he present invention will be explained with reference to examples and drawings.
1 is a structural member for building. and constituted by the following ladder-like frames: a first ladder-like vertical frame 2, a second ladder-like vertical frame 3, a ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4, a ladder-like vertical frame food corner 5, a frame for corner 6, a ladder-like horizontal frame for <~ crossbeam 7 and a ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8.
A. The first ladder-like vertical frame 2 comprises a left vertical plate-like body 2A and a right vertical plate--like body 2A which are set in parallel; an upper horizontal plate-like body 2B
and a Iowei- horizontal plate-like body 2B which are mounted at upper and lower ends, respectively, of the left and right vertical plate-like bodies; and intermediate horizontal plate-like bodies 2C which are mounted (or extended) with a predetermined interval between the upper horizontal plate-like body and the lower horizontal plate-like body.
In addition, horizontal bolt holes 2H1 in an inside-and-outside direction are formed in the left and right vertical plate-like bodies with a predetermined interval; and vertical bolt holes 2H2 in an up-and-down direction are formed in the upper horizontal plate-like body and the lower horizontal plate-like body with a predetemined interval.
B. The second ladder-like vertical frame 3 comprises a left vertical plate-like body 3A and a right vertical plate-like body 3A which are s set in parallel; a central vertical pillar-like body 3B provided at the middle of and in parallel with the lefl; and right vertical plate-like bodies; an upper horizontal plate-l.ile body 3C and a lower horizontal plate-like body 3C which are mounted at upper and lower ends, respectively, of the left and right vertical plate-like bodies 3A, and the central vertical pillar-like body 3B; and intf;rmediate horizontal plate-like bodies 3D which are provided with a predetermined interval between each of the left and right vertical plate-likE; bodies 3A, and the central vertical pillar-like body 3B and in parallel with the upper horizontal plate-like body.
In addition, horizontal bolt holes 3H1 in an inside-and~outside direction are formed in the left and right vertical plate-like bodies 3A, 3A with a predetermined interval; vertical bolt holes 3H2 in an up-and-down direction are formed in the upper horizotal plate-like body 3C and the lower horizontal plate-like body 3C with a predetermined interval; and front and rear horizontal bolt holes 3H3 in a front-and-rear direction are formed in the central vertical pillar-like body 3B with a predetermined interval.
C. The ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 comprises a left vertical plate-like body 4A and a right vertical plate-like body 4A which are set in parallel; an upper horizontal plate-like body 4B and a lower horizontal plate-like body 4B which are mounted at upper and lower ends, respectively, of the left and right vertical plate-like bodies; and intermediate horizontal plalte-like bodies 4C which are mounted Cor extended) with a predetermined interval between the upper horizontal plate-like body and the lower horizontal plate-like body.
In addition, horizontal bolt holes 4H1 in an inside-and-outside direction are formed in the left and right vertical plate-like bodies with a predetermined interval; and vertical bolt holes 4H2 in an up-and-down direction are formed in the upper horizontal plate-like body and the lower horizontal plate-like body with a predetermined interval.
D. The ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 comprises one vertical plate-like body 5B and another vertical plate;-like body 5B which are set in a substantially L-type shape in a plane view with a central vertical pillar-like body 5A as the center; a.n upper horizontal plate-like body 5C and a Iower horizontal plate-like body 5C
which are mounted at upper and lower ends, respectively, of the central vertical pillar-like body 5A, the one vertical plate-like body 5B and the another vertical plate-like body 5B; and intermediate s horizontal plate-like bodies 5D which are mounted (or extended) with a predetermined interval between the upper horizontal plate-like body and the lower horizontal plate-like body.
In addition. horizontal bolt holes 5H1 in an inside-and-outside direction are formed in the one vertical plate-like body 5B and the another vertical plate-like body 5B with a predetermined interval;
and vertical bolt holes 5H2 in an up-and-down direction are formed in the upper horizontal plate-like~body 5C and the lower horizontal plate-like body SC with a predetermined interval.
E. The frame for corner 6 comprises one vertical plate-like body 6B
and another vertical plate-like body 6B which are set in a substantially L-type shape in a plane view with a central vertical pillar-like body fiA as the center; and an upper horizontal plate-like body 6C and a lower horizontal plate-like body 6C which are mounted at upper and lower ends, respectively, of the central vetical pillar-like 6A, the one vertical plate-like body 6B and the another vertical plate-like-body 6B.
In addition, horizontal bolt holes 6H1 in an inside-and-outside direction are formed in the one vertical platE;-like body 6B and the another vertical plate-like body 6B with a prE;determined interval;
and vertical bolt holes 6H2 in an up-and-down direction and formed in the upper horizontal plate-like body 6C and the lower horizontal plate-like body 6C with a predetermined interval.
F. The ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 comprises an upper horizontal plate-like body 7A and a lower horizontal plate-like body 7A which are set in parallel; a left vertical plate-like body 7B and a right vertical plate-like body 'lB which are mounted at both of left and right ends, respectively, of the upper and lower horizontal plate-like bodies; and intermediate vertical pillar-like bodies 7C which are mounted (or extended) with a predetermined interval between the left vertical plate-like body and the right vertical plate-like body.
In addition> vertical bolt holes 7H1 are formed in the upper and lower horizontal plate-like bodies 2A, 7A with a predetermined interval;
horizontal bolt holes 7H2 are formed in the left vertical plate-like body 7B and the right vertical plate-like body 7B with a predetermined interval; and inside horizontal bolt holes 7H~3 and inside front-and-rear horizontal bolt holes 7H4 are formed in the intermediate vertical prism-like body 7C.
G. The ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8 comprises a front to horizontal plate-like body 8A and a rear horizontal plate-like body 8A which are set in parallel; a left horizontal plate-like body 8B and a right horizontal plate-like body 8B which are mounted at both of left and right ends, respectively, of front and rear horizontal plate-like bodies; and intermediate horizontal pillar-like bodies 8C which are mounted (or extended) with a predetermined interval between the left horizontal plate-like body and the right horizontal plate-like body.
In addition, horizontal bolt holes 8H1 in a front-and-rear direction are formed in the front and rear horizontal plate-like bodies 8A, 8A with a predetermined interval; horizontal bolt holes 8H2 in a left-and-right direction are formed in the left horizontal plate-like body 8B and the right horizontal plate-like body 8B with a predetermined interval; and vertical bolt holes 8H3 in an up-and-down direction are formed in the intermediate horizontal pillar-like body 8C with a predetermined interval.
Here, the dimensional relation of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4, ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5, frame for corner 6, ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 and m ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8, will be explained with reference to Figs. 14 and 15.
A. The size of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 in a left-and-right or horizontal direction is referred to .as "a~ as a standard size.
B. The size of the second ladder-like vertical frame 3 in a left-and right direction is set to have a size H2a» which is 2-times of that of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2.
C. When the size of the ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 in a left-and right direction is referred t~o as »bn, the size nb"
is set to be the same as the size obtainable ~by adding the intermediate horizontal plate-like body 2C to either one of the left vertical plate-like body 2A and the right vertical plate-like body 2A of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2.
In Fig. 14, the size "a° is the standard size as mentioned above.
In order to satisfy the size "a", the size nb" of the ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 to be used for- a +(plus)-type partition or a T-type partition is required to be shorter than the size n n a.
D. In the ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5, the size Hc» between the central vertical pillar-like body 5A and t:he one vertical plate-like body 5B and the size "c" between 'the central vertical pillar-like body 5A and the another vertical plate-like body 5B, are set to have a size obtainable by adding the width of the central vertical pillar-like body 5A to the ;>ize Ha».
E. Iri the frame for corner 6, the size Hc" between the central vertical pillar-like body 6A and the one vertical plai':e-like body 6B and the size ncn between the central vertical pillar-like body 6A
and the another vertical plate-like body 6B, are set to have a size obtainable by adding the width of the central. vertical pillar-like body 6A to the size "a".
F. The width of the ladder-like vertical fra~.me for crossbeam 7 is set to be the same as the width of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2.
G. The width of the ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8 (not shown) is set to be the same as the width of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2.
Next, the relation of the horizontal bolt holes, vertical bolt holes and front-and-rear bolt holes formed in respective ladder-like frames will be explained.
A. When the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4, ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 and frame for corner 6 are stood in a parallel state and connected, these are constructed so that the corresponding horizontal bolt hales are put together and bolts B are extended through the holes and tightly screwed.
B. When the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 and frame for corner 6 are stood in a parallel state and then the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 is turned sideways and connected thereto, these are constructed so that the vertical bolt holes of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame :for corner 5 and frame for corner fi and the corresponding lower vertical bolt holes 7H1 of the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 are put together, and then bolts B are extended through the holds and tightly screwed CFig. 1).
C. When the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4, ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 or frame for corner 6 is connected to the central vertical pillar-like body 3B of the second ladder-like vertical frame 3, these are constructed so that the front-and-rear horizontal bolt holes 3H3 of the second ladder-like vervtical frame 3 and the corresponding horizontal bolt holes of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4, ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 or frame for corner 6 are put together. and then bolts B are extended through the holes and tightly screwed (Fig. 9 and Fig. 10).
D. The vertical bolt holes 8H3 in an up-and--down direction of the ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8, arE: constructed to correspond to the horizontal bolt holes 2H1 of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 CFig. 30).
Other matters:
A. With the respective ladder-like frames, basic forms and other units are prepared in a factory, and then brought to a construction site, and fabrication is made by several amateurs having no skill.
B. Respective ladder-like frames are made of wood, hardened wood chips, plastics. metals, or ones obtained by casting plastics, metals or the like into a form by the provisional frame.
A method for constructing a one-story building 1A using the structu-ral member for building Y comprises the following respective steps.
First step:
On the upper face of a conventional foundation Cnot shown), while standing the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame 'for adjustment 4 and ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 in a parallel state, mutual corresponding horizontal bolt holes are put together and bolts B
B are tightly screwed to form a wall face J of a first floor (Fig. 16).
The respective ladder-like vertical frames may be connected to the conventional foundation by means of anchor boats Cnot shown) utilizing lower vertical bolt holes.
Second step:
When it is desired to form a partition K within the wall face J of the first floor, the T-type frame 9 as shown i:n Fig. 9 or the +-type frame 10 as shown in Fig. 10 is formed, and to the T-type frame 9 or +-type frame 10, the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 or the like is connected with bolts in a required number and extended (Figs. 20 and 21).
The T-type frame 9 is constructed by connecting the ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 to the central vertical pillar-like body 3B of the second ladder-like vertical frame 3 in a plane T-type shape.
In this connection, besides the ladder-Like vertical frame for ~s adjustment ~, a first ladder-like vertical frame 2 may sometimes be used.
The +-type frame 10 is constructed so that one ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 and another ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 are connected in a plane T-type shape with the central vertical pillar-like body 3B of the second ladder-like vertical frame 2 as the center.
In the above case, the front-and-rear horizontal bolt holes of the central vertical pillar-like body 3B and the horizontal bolt holes of the ladder-like vertical frame for adjustmE;nt 4 are connected by tightly screwing them with bolts B.
Besides the ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4, a first ladder-like vertical frame 2 may sometimes be used.
Third step:
In a state where the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 and the frame for corner 6 are mounted in a plane square shape on the upper face of the wall face J of the first floor, these are connected with bolts to obtain a crossbeam L of the first floor.
Namely, the vertical bolt holes at the side of the wall face J of the first flaor and the Iower vertical bolt holes 7H1 of the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 are tightly screwed with bolts B, and the vertical bolt holes at the side of the wall face J
of the first floor and the lower vertical bolt holes 6H2 of the frame for corner 6 are tightly screwed with bolts B, and further.
the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 and the frame for corner 6 are tightly screwed with holes B to obtain a crossbeam L
of the first floor.
Fourth steps In a state where appropriate number of the first ladder-like vertical frames 2 are turned sideways in parallel with a predetermined interval inside the crossbeam L of the first floor, the vertical bolt holes 2H2 of said first ladder-like vertical frame 2 and the front-and-rear horizontal bolt holes 7H4 at the inside of the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 are connected with bolts B to obtain a crossbeam M
of the first floor (Figs. 13 and 21).
In this case, by utilizing the horizontal bolt holes 7H3 at the inside formed in the intermediate vertical pillar-like body 7C, backplates 7D, 7D are abutted on both surfaces of the ini~ermediate vertical pillar-like body 7C and these are connected with bolts B to conduct reinforcement CFig. 11).
A reinforcing plate 7E is attached to both of the left and right i8 faces of the first ladder-like vertical framE; 2 (Fig. 28) Fifth step:
Onto the upper face of the crossbeam L of the first floor, the frame for corner 6 and appropriate number of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 turned sideways which are arranged to be in a plate square shape are connected, to obtain a parapet N (Fig. 22.).
Sixth step:
After completion of the connection and fixing of the respective ladder-like frames, a structural panel 11 is fixed to a crosspiece of the foundation by means of nails or screws Cor vis) by a conventional constructing method. In this case, the vertical and horizontal plate-like bodies, intermediate vertical and horizontal plate-like bodies and central vertical pillar-like bodies function as the crosspieces of the foundation.
A method for constructing a two-story building 1B using the structural member for building 1 comprises the following respective steps.
First step:
On the upper face of a conventional foundation Cnot shown), while standing the first ladder-like vertical frame 2, second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 and is ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 in a parallel state, mutual corresponding bolt holes are put together and bolts B are tightly screwed to form a wall face J of a first floor (Fig. 24).
The respective ladder-like vertical frames may be connected to the conventional foundation by means of anchor bolts (not shown) utilizing lower vertical bolt holes.
Second step to fourth step:
The same steps as in the above case for constructing the one-story building are repeated.
Fifth step:
The ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8 is placed horizontally on the upper face of the crossbeam M of the first floor, and it is tightly screwed and fixed utilizing the vertical bolt holes 8H3 of the ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8 and the horizontal bolt holes 2H1 of the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 by means of bolts B. Then, the ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8 are mutually fixedly connected with bolts CB) to :form a floor plate 12 on the upper face of the ladder-like horizont<~l frame for floor 8 (Figs. 27 and 29). In this case, a backplate 13 is fixed to the to inside of the crossbeam with nails or screws Cor vis:>, and the end portion of the ladder-like horizontal frame for floor 8 is abutted on the backplate 13 for support.
Sixth step:
On the upper face of the crossbeam L of the first floor, while standing the first ladder-like vertical frame 2. second ladder-like vertical frame 3, ladder-like vertical frame for adjustment 4 and ladder-like vertical frame for corner 5 in a parallel state, mutual corresponding horizontal bolt holes are put together and bolts B are tightly screwed to form a wall face P of the seond floor.
Connection with the crossbeam L of the first floor is conducted by utilizing mutual vertical bolt holes.
Seventh step:
When it is desired to form a partition K within the wall face P of the second floor, the T-type frame 9 as shown in Fig. 9 or the +-type frame 10 as shown i n Fi g. 10 i s formed, and t o the T-type frame 9 or +-type frame 10, the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 or the like is connected in a required number and extended.
Eighth step:
While mounting the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 and the frame for corner 6 ors the upper face of tree wall face P of the second floor, these frames are tightly screwed by means of bolts B
with the first ladder-like vertical frame 2 and the frame for corner 6, respectively, which are positioned below and constitute the wall face d of the first floor to form a crossbeam k of the second floor structured in a plane squarE shape:
Ninth step:
In a state where appropriate number of the first ladder-like vertical frames 2 are turned sideways in parallel with a predetermined interval inside the crossbeam R of the second floor, the vertical bolt holes 2H2 of the first ladder-like vertical frames 2 and the front-and-rear horizontal bolt holes 7H4 at tlhe inside of the ladder-like horizontal frame for crossbeam 7 are connected with bolts B to obtain a crossbeam S of the second floor (Fig. 26).
Tenth step:
Onto the upper face of the crossbeam A of the second floor, the frame for corner 6 and appropriate number of the first ladder-like vertical frames 2 turned sideways which are arranged to be in a plane square shape are connected to obtain a parapet T.
Eleventh step:
After completion of the connection and fixing of the respective ladder-like frames, a structural panel 11 is fired to the crosspiece of the foundation by means of nails or screws (or vis) by a conventional constructing method as in the above case for the one-story building.
The present invention as constructed above shows the following effects.
According to the present invention, it is possible to strengthen the wall portions, and only bolts are used as a metal fitting far connection and the structure can be fabricated by using only a spanner as a tool, whereby even amateurs can conduct fabrication operation properly.
Further, respective ladder-like frames can be set to nave a weight for which lifting and operation can be made adequately by a group of two persons.
If the labor cost by a family is regarded as zero, the labor cost for fabrication of the structure is also zero, and the whole cost can be substantially reduced.
It is possible to have an aim at consumers' own houses built by themselves.
Since the shapes of the ladder-like frames are same one another, the production thereof in a factory is easy, and transfer thereof can be made efficiently.
Besides, there are various effects that the production can be made at a low cost, its fabrication is easy by virtue of the small number of parts and it is advantageous from the economical viewpoint.
Claims (35)
1. A modular unit system for constructing a modular structure, the modular unit system comprising:
a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units, the modular units of each modular unit set having connecting surfaces each for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to construct a modular structure having a predetermined configuration, and all of the modular units of each of the modular unit sets having a ladder-like configuration having at least two generally parallel sidepieces connected by at least four crosspieces except for the modular units of one preselected modular unit set;
wherein each modular unit of one of the modular unit sets having the ladder-like configuration has a support member disposed between the two generally parallel sidepieces in parallel relation thereto, the support member having at least one connecting surface for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets.
a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units, the modular units of each modular unit set having connecting surfaces each for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to construct a modular structure having a predetermined configuration, and all of the modular units of each of the modular unit sets having a ladder-like configuration having at least two generally parallel sidepieces connected by at least four crosspieces except for the modular units of one preselected modular unit set;
wherein each modular unit of one of the modular unit sets having the ladder-like configuration has a support member disposed between the two generally parallel sidepieces in parallel relation thereto, the support member having at least one connecting surface for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets.
2. A modular unit system according to claim 1; wherein the at least four crosspieces of each of the modular units of a plurality of the modular unit sets having the ladder-like configuration comprise seven crosspieces.
3. A modular unit system according to claim 1; wherein the modular units of the preselected modular unit set have a generally L-shaped outline.
4. A modular unit system according to claim 2; wherein the plurality of generally different modular unit sets comprises at least seven modular unit sets; and wherein the modular units of six of the modular unit sets have the ladder-like configuration and the modular units of the other of the modular unit sets have the generally L-shaped outline.
5. A modular unit system according to claim 1; wherein each modular unit of each modular unit set comprises a single piece of material.
6. A modular unit system according to claim 5; wherein the single piece of material comprises wood.
7. A modular unit system according to claim 1; wherein each modular unit of each modular unit set comprises at least quadrilateral section.
8. A modular unit system according to claim 7; wherein each quadrilateral section comprises a first pair of parallel, spaced-apart members, and a second pair of parallel, spaced-apart members each having an end connected to an end of one of the first pair of members.
9. A modular unit system according to claim 8; wherein the first and second members of each quadrilateral section have the same cross-sectional shape.
10. A modular unit system according to claim 9; wherein the first and second members of each quadrilateral section are generally square-shaped in cross-section.
11. A modular unit system according to claim 8; wherein each of the first and second members has a generally planar surface defining one of the connecting surfaces.
12. A modular unit system according to claim 8; wherein each of the first and second members comprises a solid piece of structural material.
13. A modular unit system according to claim 12; wherein the solid piece of material comprises wood.
14. A modular unit system according to claim 1; wherein each of the modular units of at least one of the modular units sets comprises a plurality of quadrilateral sections connected together in perpendicular relation thereto.
15. A modular unit system according to claim 1; wherein each modular unit of each modular unit set comprises a block.
16. A modular unit system according to claim 15; wherein each block is comprised of a wood material.
17. A modular unit system according to claim 15; wherein each block comprises a single piece of structural material.
18. A modular unit system according to claim 17; wherein the structural material comprises wood.
19. A modular structure construction comprising:
a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units each having connecting surfaces, all of the modular units of each of the modular unit sets having a ladder-like configuration having at least two generally parallel sidepieces connected by at least four crosspieces except for the modular units of one preselected modular unit set, and each modular unit of one of the modular unit sets having the ladder-like configuration having a support member disposed between the two generally parallel sidepieces in parallel relation thereto, the support member having at least one connecting surface; and means interconnecting the connecting surfaces of each modular unit of each modular unit set to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to define a modular structure.
a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units each having connecting surfaces, all of the modular units of each of the modular unit sets having a ladder-like configuration having at least two generally parallel sidepieces connected by at least four crosspieces except for the modular units of one preselected modular unit set, and each modular unit of one of the modular unit sets having the ladder-like configuration having a support member disposed between the two generally parallel sidepieces in parallel relation thereto, the support member having at least one connecting surface; and means interconnecting the connecting surfaces of each modular unit of each modular unit set to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to define a modular structure.
20. A modular structure construction according to claim 19; wherein the at least four crosspieces of each of the modular units of a plurality of the modular unit sets having the ladder-like configuration comprise seven crosspieces.
21. A modular structure construction according to claim 19; wherein the modular structure comprises a building.
22. A modular structure construction according to claim 19; wherein the modular units of the preselected modular unit set have a generally L-shaped outline.
23. A modular structure construction according to claim 22; wherein each modular unit of each modular unit set comprises a single piece of material.
24. A modular structure construction according to claim 23; wherein the single piece of material comprises wood.
25. A building system comprising:
a building having a foundation, at least one wall structure, and at least one floor structure for supporting the wall structure on the foundation;
wherein the wall structure and the floor structure comprise a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units, the modular units of each modular unit set having connecting surfaces connected to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to define the wall structure and the floor structure, and all of the modular units of each of the modular unit sets having a ladder-like configuration having at least two generally parallel sidepieces connected by at least four crosspieces except for the modular units of one preselected modular unit set;
wherein each modular unit of one 3 of the modular unit sets having the ladder-like configuration has a support member disposed between the two generally parallel sidepieces in parallel relation thereto, the support member having at least one connecting surface for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets.
a building having a foundation, at least one wall structure, and at least one floor structure for supporting the wall structure on the foundation;
wherein the wall structure and the floor structure comprise a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units, the modular units of each modular unit set having connecting surfaces connected to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to define the wall structure and the floor structure, and all of the modular units of each of the modular unit sets having a ladder-like configuration having at least two generally parallel sidepieces connected by at least four crosspieces except for the modular units of one preselected modular unit set;
wherein each modular unit of one 3 of the modular unit sets having the ladder-like configuration has a support member disposed between the two generally parallel sidepieces in parallel relation thereto, the support member having at least one connecting surface for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets.
26. A building system according to claim 25; wherein the at least four crosspieces of each of the modular units of a plurality of the modular unit sets having the ladder-like configuration comprise seven crosspieces.
27. A building system according to claim 25; wherein the modular units of the preselected modular unit set have a generally L-shaped outline.
28. A building system according to claim 27; wherein each modular unit of each modular unit set comprises a single piece of material.
29. A building system according to claim 28; wherein the single piece of material comprises wood.
30. A method for constructing a building structure, comprising the steps of:
providing a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units each having connecting surfaces, all of the modular units of each of the modular unit sets having a ladder-like configuration having at least two generally parallel sidepieces connected by at least four crosspieces except for the modular units of one preselected modular unit set, and each modular unit of one of the modular unit sets having the ladder-like configuration having a support member disposed between the two generally parallel sidepieces in parallel relation thereto, the support member having at least one connecting surface for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets; and connecting the connecting surfaces of each modular unit of each modular unit set to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to construct the modular building structure.
providing a plurality of generally different modular unit sets each having a plurality of identical modular units each having connecting surfaces, all of the modular units of each of the modular unit sets having a ladder-like configuration having at least two generally parallel sidepieces connected by at least four crosspieces except for the modular units of one preselected modular unit set, and each modular unit of one of the modular unit sets having the ladder-like configuration having a support member disposed between the two generally parallel sidepieces in parallel relation thereto, the support member having at least one connecting surface for connection to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets; and connecting the connecting surfaces of each modular unit of each modular unit set to a corresponding connecting surface of at least one other identical modular unit or to a corresponding connecting surface of one of the modular units of another of the modular unit sets to construct the modular building structure.
31. A method according to claim 30; wherein the at least four crosspieces of each of the modular units of a plurality of the modular unit sets having the ladder-like configuration comprise seven crosspieces.
32. A method according to claim 30, wherein the modular units of the preselected modular unit set have a generally L-shaped outline.
33. A method according to claim 32; wherein each modular unit of each modular unit set comprises a single piece of material.
34 34. A method according to claim 33; wherein the single piece of material comprises wood.
35
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000011859A JP3407108B2 (en) | 2000-01-20 | 2000-01-20 | Method of forming the structure of a building |
| JP2000-11859 | 2000-01-20 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2331561A1 CA2331561A1 (en) | 2001-07-20 |
| CA2331561C true CA2331561C (en) | 2006-03-21 |
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| CA002331561A Expired - Fee Related CA2331561C (en) | 2000-01-20 | 2001-01-19 | Structural member for building and method for forming a structure for building |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US6609336B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1118725A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3407108B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100436562B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1143039C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU773573B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2331561C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ508480A (en) |
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2000
- 2000-01-20 JP JP2000011859A patent/JP3407108B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-28 NZ NZ508480A patent/NZ508480A/en unknown
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| EP1118725A2 (en) | 2001-07-25 |
| US20020059756A1 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
| CN1306134A (en) | 2001-08-01 |
| AU773573B2 (en) | 2004-05-27 |
| EP1118725A3 (en) | 2003-04-02 |
| CA2331561A1 (en) | 2001-07-20 |
| NZ508480A (en) | 2002-09-27 |
| AU7245700A (en) | 2001-07-26 |
| JP2001200581A (en) | 2001-07-27 |
| KR100436562B1 (en) | 2004-06-18 |
| JP3407108B2 (en) | 2003-05-19 |
| US6609336B2 (en) | 2003-08-26 |
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