CA2332041A1 - Process for continuously manufacturing composites of polymer and cellulosic fibres, and compounded materials obtained therewith - Google Patents
Process for continuously manufacturing composites of polymer and cellulosic fibres, and compounded materials obtained therewith Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2332041A1 CA2332041A1 CA002332041A CA2332041A CA2332041A1 CA 2332041 A1 CA2332041 A1 CA 2332041A1 CA 002332041 A CA002332041 A CA 002332041A CA 2332041 A CA2332041 A CA 2332041A CA 2332041 A1 CA2332041 A1 CA 2332041A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- zone
- polymer
- cellulosic fibres
- extruder
- screw element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/28—Moulding or pressing characterised by using extrusion presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
- B29B7/482—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs
- B29B7/483—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs the other mixing parts being discs perpendicular to the screw axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
- B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
- B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
- B29B7/489—Screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
- B29C48/2564—Screw parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
- B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/55—Screws having reverse-feeding elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
Abstract
The present invention relates to a process for continuously manufacturing composites of polymer and cellulosic fibres, comprising the steps of: a) feeding a polymer upstream into an extruder; b) melting and mixing the polymer in a zone (A) of the extruder, wherein zone (A) comprises at least one positive transportation screw element; c) feeding cellulosic fibres into the extruder in a zone (B) of the extruder, which zone (B) is located downstream of zone (A); d) transporting the mixture of polymer and cellulosic fibre obtained in zone (B) through a degassing zone (C), which zone (C) is located downstream of zone (B), wherein zone (C) comprises at least one positive transportation screw element and e) transporting the mixture obtained in zone (C) through a pressure building zone (D) of the extruder, which zone (D) is located downstream of zone (C), wherein zone (D) comprises at least one positive transportation screw element; f) releasing the mixture obtained in zone (D) into a die, characterised in that zone (B) comprises at least one positive transportation screw element, at least one kneading section and at least one negative transportation screw element such that in zone (B) of the extruder the cellulosic fibres are fibrillated to obtain cellulosic fibres with an aspect ratio as high as possible, while simultaneously mixing the cellulosic fibres with the melted polymer. This process results in a compounded material comprising polymer and cellulosic fibres, wherein the cellulosic fibres are elementary fibres and have a high aspect ratio. As a result the compounded material has excellent mechanical properties.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98201497 | 1998-05-07 | ||
EP98201497.9 | 1998-05-07 | ||
PCT/NL1999/000282 WO1999056936A1 (en) | 1998-05-07 | 1999-05-07 | Process for continuously manufacturing composites of polymer and cellulosic fibres, and compounded materials obtained therewith |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2332041A1 true CA2332041A1 (en) | 1999-11-11 |
CA2332041C CA2332041C (en) | 2007-07-17 |
Family
ID=8233693
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002332041A Expired - Fee Related CA2332041C (en) | 1998-05-07 | 1999-05-07 | Process for continuously manufacturing composites of polymer and cellulosic fibres, and compounded materials obtained therewith |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6565348B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1075377B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4365529B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1168591C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE251021T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU3853599A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2332041C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69911762T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1075377T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2203130T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT1075377E (en) |
SI (1) | SI1075377T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999056936A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10059525A1 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-06 | Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf | Process and plant for the production of fiber-reinforced plastic masses |
US6767634B2 (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2004-07-27 | Prabhat Krishnaswamy | Fibrillated bast fibers as reinforcement for polymeric composites |
DE10129224C1 (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-16 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Method for producing a semifinished product and device |
US6908573B2 (en) | 2003-04-17 | 2005-06-21 | General Electric | Polymeric resin blends and methods of manufacture thereof |
CA2525679C (en) * | 2003-06-19 | 2007-04-10 | Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd. | Improved mixer for a plasticizing screw |
US20050183243A1 (en) * | 2003-07-13 | 2005-08-25 | Tinker Larry C. | Fibrillation of natural fiber |
US20060162879A1 (en) * | 2003-07-13 | 2006-07-27 | Tinker Larry C | Compounding of fibrillated fiber |
US20060113441A2 (en) * | 2004-04-01 | 2006-06-01 | Trex Company, Inc. | Methods and Apparatuses for Assembling Railings |
US20050266210A1 (en) * | 2004-06-01 | 2005-12-01 | Blair Dolinar | Imprinted wood-plastic composite, apparatus for manufacturing same, and related method of manufacture |
US20070007685A1 (en) * | 2005-07-05 | 2007-01-11 | Gleich Klaus F | Methods and systems for making long fiber reinforced products and resultant products |
US8123394B2 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2012-02-28 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Mixer for liquid colorants and method for mixing liquid colorants |
US7601282B2 (en) * | 2005-10-24 | 2009-10-13 | Johns Manville | Processes for forming a fiber-reinforced product |
CA2527325C (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2014-05-06 | Mohini M. Sain | Manufacturing process for high performance lignocellulosic fibre composite materials |
ES2281290B1 (en) * | 2006-03-06 | 2008-11-01 | Crady Electrica, S.A. | COMPOSITE MATERIAL, METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION AND USE OF IT. |
CA2560349C (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2014-04-22 | Mohini H. Sain | Manufacturing process for hybrid organic and inorganic fibre-filled composite materials |
DE102007016346A1 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-09 | Blach Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg | Multi-shaft extruder apparatus and method of operating the same |
DE102007016352A1 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-09 | Blach Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg | Multi-shaft extruder apparatus and method of operating the same |
ES2322928B1 (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2010-04-23 | Condepols, S.A. | PROCEDURE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFILES BY EXTRUSION OF COMPOUND MATERIALS. |
FI127330B (en) | 2009-01-30 | 2018-03-29 | Upm Kymmene Corp | A method for adding a coupling agent to a raw material |
CN101518942B (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2011-08-10 | 南京赛旺科技发展有限公司 | Device for producing high-strength PET wood-plastic composite material by using one-step method |
DE102010022186A1 (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2011-11-24 | Hans Korte | Fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites |
TWI577530B (en) | 2010-07-14 | 2017-04-11 | 科思創德意志股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for compounding pigments |
US8722773B2 (en) | 2011-02-14 | 2014-05-13 | Weyerhaeuser Nr Company | Polymeric composites |
EP2511323A1 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-17 | Södra Skogsägarna Ekonomiska Förening | Composite and a process for making such composite |
FI126978B (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2017-09-15 | Upm Kymmene Corp | Procedure for manufacturing nanofibrillar cellulose material and nanofibrillar cellulose material |
FI124380B (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2014-07-31 | Upm Kymmene Corp | Composite product, method of manufacture of a composite product and its use, and final product |
EP2953780A4 (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2016-09-21 | Södra Skogsägarna Ekonomisk Förening | A method for providing a composite material comprising a thermoplastic matrix and cellulose fibers |
DK3274493T3 (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2020-06-02 | Really Aps | Recycling of used woven or knitted fabrics |
KR101684924B1 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-12-12 | (주)우성케미칼 | Manufacturing method of molten cellulose derivative composition and tmolten cellulose derivative using thereof |
CN105191779B (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-07-25 | 深圳职业技术学院 | The constructing system and construction method of a kind of lower forest in sea |
EP3510188B1 (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2023-07-12 | Forta, LLC | Enhancement of reinforcing fibers, their applications, and methods of making same |
NL1042071B1 (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2018-04-04 | Handelsonderneming We Ha | Method and device for the manufacture of wood composite |
EP3642279A4 (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2020-08-05 | Steer Engineering Private Limited | Method for producing fused unplasticised polyvinyl chloride articles |
WO2019065786A1 (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-04 | 株式会社日本製鋼所 | Kneading method for fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin, plasticizing device, and extruding machine |
Family Cites Families (21)
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US3453356A (en) * | 1964-02-24 | 1969-07-01 | Dow Chemical Co | Mixing of filamentary reinforcing material with thermoplastic resins |
DE1502335B2 (en) * | 1965-02-13 | 1971-10-21 | Werner & Pfleiderer, 7000 Stuttgart | SCREW EXTRUSION PRESS FOR THE PROCESSING OF PLASTIC |
US3409711A (en) * | 1965-11-01 | 1968-11-05 | Dow Chemical Co | Method and apparatus for the preparation of filament reinforced synthetic resinous material |
GB1151964A (en) * | 1966-03-08 | 1969-05-14 | Werner & Pfleiderer | Method and Apparatus for the Continuous Preparation of Plastics Material Mixtures |
US4329313A (en) * | 1980-11-12 | 1982-05-11 | Union Carbide Corporation | Apparatus and method for extruding ethylene polymers |
JPS58110233A (en) | 1981-12-24 | 1983-06-30 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Manufacturing device for metal fiber-reinforced plastic |
DE3309007C2 (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1986-01-30 | AUTOMATIK Apparate-Maschinenbau GmbH, 8754 Großostheim | Method and device for producing thermoplastic material to be filled with reinforcing fibers |
JPS59167240A (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-09-20 | Chisso Corp | Method and apparatus for manufacturing molding of organic filler-mixed thermoplastic resin composition |
US4663103A (en) * | 1983-08-09 | 1987-05-05 | Collins & Aikman Corporation | Apparatus and method of extrusion |
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DE4039943A1 (en) * | 1990-12-14 | 1992-06-17 | Berstorff Gmbh Masch Hermann | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE UNIFORM, CONTINUOUS MANUFACTURE OF A RUBBER-BASED AND FINISHED MIXTURE FOR VEHICLE TIRES, DRIVE BELTS, TRANSPORT BELTS AND TECHNICAL RUBBER PRODUCTS IN ONLY ONE MIXING DEVICE |
FR2683483B1 (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1995-02-24 | Vetrotex France Sa | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE PRODUCT BY MOLDING. |
US5738935A (en) | 1993-08-30 | 1998-04-14 | Formtech Enterprises, Inc. | Process to make a composite of controllable porosity |
JP2909577B2 (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1999-06-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Resin waste material recycling method and apparatus |
US5653534A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1997-08-05 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Screw apparatus and method for supplying reinforcing fiber-containing molten resin using the apparatus |
JP3434418B2 (en) * | 1996-07-24 | 2003-08-11 | 東芝機械株式会社 | High-melting point resin dewatering system with co-rotating twin screw extruder |
EP0835734A1 (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1998-04-15 | Kannegiesser KMH Kunststofftechnik GmbH | Method of manufacturing plastic with additives, especially fibers, therein, and extruder for carrying out this method |
-
1999
- 1999-05-07 AU AU38535/99A patent/AU3853599A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-05-07 ES ES99921289T patent/ES2203130T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-07 PT PT99921289T patent/PT1075377E/en unknown
- 1999-05-07 US US09/674,828 patent/US6565348B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-05-07 SI SI9930388T patent/SI1075377T1/en unknown
- 1999-05-07 JP JP2000546934A patent/JP4365529B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-05-07 WO PCT/NL1999/000282 patent/WO1999056936A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-05-07 DE DE69911762T patent/DE69911762T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-07 AT AT99921289T patent/ATE251021T1/en active
- 1999-05-07 EP EP99921289A patent/EP1075377B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-07 DK DK99921289T patent/DK1075377T3/en active
- 1999-05-07 CA CA002332041A patent/CA2332041C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-05-07 CN CNB998069736A patent/CN1168591C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1075377B1 (en) | 2003-10-01 |
CN1168591C (en) | 2004-09-29 |
CN1304350A (en) | 2001-07-18 |
WO1999056936A1 (en) | 1999-11-11 |
ATE251021T1 (en) | 2003-10-15 |
SI1075377T1 (en) | 2003-12-31 |
CA2332041C (en) | 2007-07-17 |
DE69911762T2 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
ES2203130T3 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
US6565348B1 (en) | 2003-05-20 |
DK1075377T3 (en) | 2004-01-19 |
AU3853599A (en) | 1999-11-23 |
DE69911762D1 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
EP1075377A1 (en) | 2001-02-14 |
PT1075377E (en) | 2004-02-27 |
JP2002513692A (en) | 2002-05-14 |
JP4365529B2 (en) | 2009-11-18 |
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