CA2349888C - Phacoemulsification apparatus with personal computer - Google Patents
Phacoemulsification apparatus with personal computer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2349888C CA2349888C CA002349888A CA2349888A CA2349888C CA 2349888 C CA2349888 C CA 2349888C CA 002349888 A CA002349888 A CA 002349888A CA 2349888 A CA2349888 A CA 2349888A CA 2349888 C CA2349888 C CA 2349888C
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- personal computer
- control console
- phacoemulsification
- operated
- eye
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
- A61F9/00736—Instruments for removal of intra-ocular material or intra-ocular injection, e.g. cataract instruments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/00017—Electrical control of surgical instruments
Abstract
A phaco-emulsification apparatus including five main components, a control console (10), personal computer (20), hand piece (30), foot pedal (40), and movable stand (50). The personal computer (20) is provided for displaying, storing, and transmitting data relating to a surgical operation. Preferably, the personal computer (20) is operated by MICROSOFT WINDOWS 95 or 98 software to take advantage of various communication applications.
Description
w~ a~n'S
T~tla of t»s l~v~artiore PiSACOEMULSIFICATiON APPARATUS WITS PERSONAL COMPUTER
Field of tllrs Iwv~ti~
Pha~mulsitication apparatus including a personal computer for displaying, recording, and transan~ittting augleal data parameters anti audio/video infosynation regarding a particxtlar surgery, and methods of operating the phacoemulsification apparatus and methods of surgery. A prefaced anbodiment utilizes a personal computer operating on WD~1DOWS 95 and WINDOWS 98 so8wane.
BaeArgroand of the In~ion There exists marry surgical instruments and apparatus for conducting surgical qon adma>s and humaas. Many of these instruments are etearical surgical imdruma~ts and include various docxrical devices for powering and controlling the surgical instruments.
Currently, moat de~ricat surgical instrunxMs are custom configured and d for one or more particular surgicd appiications. These surgical instruments utilize analog wo oo~~s pcrms~r~oo6 and/or digital sensing and contml equipment and devices. The outputs from these sensors and co~rols can be visually displayed on a monitor associated with the dectricet surgical instrument.
The information displayed is based on custom software developed with the operating system of the dedrical wrgicd inrirumeM. An instzument designer and/or programmer develops the particular custom hardware and softwaro configurations for displaying the desired information.
In the past, it is believed that dectri~l surgical apparatus have not been interfaced with a personal computer bring operated by WI1VDQWS 95 and WINDOWS
98 software. The present inv~tion is dedgned and configured to mdco the personal computer in~terfsce highly rdiable and dependable, and suitable for use in controlling an electrical surgical apparatus.
Summary of the InveutFon An object ofthe present invartion is to provide an improved electrical surgical apparatus.
T~tla of t»s l~v~artiore PiSACOEMULSIFICATiON APPARATUS WITS PERSONAL COMPUTER
Field of tllrs Iwv~ti~
Pha~mulsitication apparatus including a personal computer for displaying, recording, and transan~ittting augleal data parameters anti audio/video infosynation regarding a particxtlar surgery, and methods of operating the phacoemulsification apparatus and methods of surgery. A prefaced anbodiment utilizes a personal computer operating on WD~1DOWS 95 and WINDOWS 98 so8wane.
BaeArgroand of the In~ion There exists marry surgical instruments and apparatus for conducting surgical qon adma>s and humaas. Many of these instruments are etearical surgical imdruma~ts and include various docxrical devices for powering and controlling the surgical instruments.
Currently, moat de~ricat surgical instrunxMs are custom configured and d for one or more particular surgicd appiications. These surgical instruments utilize analog wo oo~~s pcrms~r~oo6 and/or digital sensing and contml equipment and devices. The outputs from these sensors and co~rols can be visually displayed on a monitor associated with the dectricet surgical instrument.
The information displayed is based on custom software developed with the operating system of the dedrical wrgicd inrirumeM. An instzument designer and/or programmer develops the particular custom hardware and softwaro configurations for displaying the desired information.
In the past, it is believed that dectri~l surgical apparatus have not been interfaced with a personal computer bring operated by WI1VDQWS 95 and WINDOWS
98 software. The present inv~tion is dedgned and configured to mdco the personal computer in~terfsce highly rdiable and dependable, and suitable for use in controlling an electrical surgical apparatus.
Summary of the InveutFon An object ofthe present invartion is to provide an improved electrical surgical apparatus.
wo oon7rs pc~rNS~r~~oo6 A second object of the pit invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus, inducting a pere~nal computer.
A third object of the present invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus, including a personal computer operated by WINDOWS 95 and/or WINDOWS
98 software.
A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus, inducting a personal computer for displaying and recording information relating to the surgery.
A fiRh object of the present invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus, including a persona! computer and a highly reliable and dependable personal computer interface.
A sixth object of the print invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus, indudiag a personal computer configured for transmitting information relating to the surgery, via telephone or Internet systems.
A third object of the present invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus, including a personal computer operated by WINDOWS 95 and/or WINDOWS
98 software.
A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus, inducting a personal computer for displaying and recording information relating to the surgery.
A fiRh object of the present invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus, including a persona! computer and a highly reliable and dependable personal computer interface.
A sixth object of the print invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus, indudiag a personal computer configured for transmitting information relating to the surgery, via telephone or Internet systems.
wo oenn~s rcrNS~r~oo6 A seventh object of the presets invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus, including an electrical surgical device acting as a master, and a personal computer acting as a slave.
S An eighth object ~ the present invm~tio~n is to provide an improved phaco~nulsi8cation apparatus.
A ninth object of the present invention is to provide a phacoemulsification apparatus, including a personal computer.
A tenth object of the present invention is to provide a phacoemutsification apparatus, including a personal computer operated by WINDOWS 95 and/or WINDOWS
98 software.
The present invention relates to electrical ~rrgical apparatus. The electrical surgical apparatus utilizes electrical energy or power for operating one or more functions of the apparatus. Typically, the apparatus would be connected via a power cord to a conventional power source (e.g., 110-115 volt, IS amp ac wall outlet), or a non-conventional power source with additional power cornrerting equipment.
S An eighth object ~ the present invm~tio~n is to provide an improved phaco~nulsi8cation apparatus.
A ninth object of the present invention is to provide a phacoemulsification apparatus, including a personal computer.
A tenth object of the present invention is to provide a phacoemutsification apparatus, including a personal computer operated by WINDOWS 95 and/or WINDOWS
98 software.
The present invention relates to electrical ~rrgical apparatus. The electrical surgical apparatus utilizes electrical energy or power for operating one or more functions of the apparatus. Typically, the apparatus would be connected via a power cord to a conventional power source (e.g., 110-115 volt, IS amp ac wall outlet), or a non-conventional power source with additional power cornrerting equipment.
vvo oonn~s pcrNS~n~oo6 The present invention particularly relates to electrical surgical apparatus configured to include: I) a control console; 2) separate surgical hand piece electrically connected (e.g., via cable or wire) to the control console; and 3) personal computer.
The control console will typically include a power source (e.g., power cord), power supply for powering the control console circuitry and hand piece, control circuit board(s), driver araait boards) for powering the haind piece, and other electrical equipment and devices for controlling and operating the separate surgical hand piece. The control console can be a separate stand alone unit, or can be integrated with the personal computer into a signs( cabinet or case. A preferred configuration is with a movable stand supporting the console, and a movable arm supporting the personal computer with a display above the control console.
The swgical hand piece can include an electrical motor, transducer, ultrasonic transducer, magnetostrictive trar~ducar, cooler, heater, electromagnetic generator, cant, cutter, grindex, milling device, drill, laser, light source, sndlor other suitable electrical components to conduct various surgical operations. A
specific e~cample is a hand piece for a phaeoemulsi8cation apparatus for conducting eye surgery for remove! of the natural lens of an eye. The hand piax can use a nealle driven by an uhrasonic or magnetostrictive transducer, or wo oon~7s wrrrms~n~o~s ahernatively, a needle or probe provided with a high speed cubing b'rt for breaking the natural lens into tiny to be removed through a srnaU incision (eg., by fluid irrigation and vacuum removal).
The personal computer utilized in the present invention is prefer an IBM compatible DOS basod personal computer, WINDOWS 95 and/or Wll~TDOWS 98 based personal computer, or MACD~TOSH personal computer, since the current software is user friendly, and there exists substantial software applications for these computar systans. Most preferably, the personal computer is loaded and operated with IvhcrosoR WINDOWS 95 and WINDOWS 98 software.
The personal computer is electrically connected to the console via an electrical cable connected to an isolated serial port of the personal computer. The electrical surgical apparatus is configured to send surgical parameters data from the console to the persona! computer via the electrical cable connext to the isolated serial port of the personal computer. Further, the electrical surg'~cai apparatus is configured so that the console acts as a master and the personal computer acts as a slave. If the personal computer experiences a crash, the operation of the control console is not affected.
WO OOIS7Z75 PCTIUS99/~1006 In the application of the present icrvention to a phacoemulaification apparatus, the surgical parameters data communicated from the console to the personal computer, for example, may include ultrasonic power level of hand piece, pressure andlor flow within the infusion line, vacuum and/or flow within the aspiration line, flow within the liquid bypass line, peristaltic pump speed, phaco sleeve temperature, diathermy pourer, footswitch position, mode of operation, models) of information display, modes of data storage and transmission, etc.
The personal computer interface provides the following functions, including:
1) collecting surgical parameters data in real time during the surgical procedure;
2) displaying a menu similar to the menu displayed by the control console such that different functions can be selected either by using a personal computer mouse, keyboard, touch screen, or the control console;
3) displaying the surgical parameters data as continuous graphs as a function of time;
wo oomz~s rcrmsa~n4oo6 4) storing the surgical parameters data in a data base isle;
The control console will typically include a power source (e.g., power cord), power supply for powering the control console circuitry and hand piece, control circuit board(s), driver araait boards) for powering the haind piece, and other electrical equipment and devices for controlling and operating the separate surgical hand piece. The control console can be a separate stand alone unit, or can be integrated with the personal computer into a signs( cabinet or case. A preferred configuration is with a movable stand supporting the console, and a movable arm supporting the personal computer with a display above the control console.
The swgical hand piece can include an electrical motor, transducer, ultrasonic transducer, magnetostrictive trar~ducar, cooler, heater, electromagnetic generator, cant, cutter, grindex, milling device, drill, laser, light source, sndlor other suitable electrical components to conduct various surgical operations. A
specific e~cample is a hand piece for a phaeoemulsi8cation apparatus for conducting eye surgery for remove! of the natural lens of an eye. The hand piax can use a nealle driven by an uhrasonic or magnetostrictive transducer, or wo oon~7s wrrrms~n~o~s ahernatively, a needle or probe provided with a high speed cubing b'rt for breaking the natural lens into tiny to be removed through a srnaU incision (eg., by fluid irrigation and vacuum removal).
The personal computer utilized in the present invention is prefer an IBM compatible DOS basod personal computer, WINDOWS 95 and/or Wll~TDOWS 98 based personal computer, or MACD~TOSH personal computer, since the current software is user friendly, and there exists substantial software applications for these computar systans. Most preferably, the personal computer is loaded and operated with IvhcrosoR WINDOWS 95 and WINDOWS 98 software.
The personal computer is electrically connected to the console via an electrical cable connected to an isolated serial port of the personal computer. The electrical surgical apparatus is configured to send surgical parameters data from the console to the persona! computer via the electrical cable connext to the isolated serial port of the personal computer. Further, the electrical surg'~cai apparatus is configured so that the console acts as a master and the personal computer acts as a slave. If the personal computer experiences a crash, the operation of the control console is not affected.
WO OOIS7Z75 PCTIUS99/~1006 In the application of the present icrvention to a phacoemulaification apparatus, the surgical parameters data communicated from the console to the personal computer, for example, may include ultrasonic power level of hand piece, pressure andlor flow within the infusion line, vacuum and/or flow within the aspiration line, flow within the liquid bypass line, peristaltic pump speed, phaco sleeve temperature, diathermy pourer, footswitch position, mode of operation, models) of information display, modes of data storage and transmission, etc.
The personal computer interface provides the following functions, including:
1) collecting surgical parameters data in real time during the surgical procedure;
2) displaying a menu similar to the menu displayed by the control console such that different functions can be selected either by using a personal computer mouse, keyboard, touch screen, or the control console;
3) displaying the surgical parameters data as continuous graphs as a function of time;
wo oomz~s rcrmsa~n4oo6 4) storing the surgical parameters data in a data base isle;
5) capturing a video signal from a camera placed on the surgical microscope and displaying the picture of the eye undergoing the surgical proeodure;
6) storing the picture on a recordable compact disc (CD) as a function of time;
7) storing the picture on hard disc traasfaable to s recordal compact disc (CD) as a function of time;
8) provide instant replay of the entire or portions of the recorded data parameters andlor video record; and 9) instant replay of record infonmation beginning at any time point in recorded data andlor video.
When visualiang a surgical procxdure, the personal computer well assoaata the name of the file from the compact disc with the name of the file in the data base. Hoth files are then synchronized in time and displayed in separate windows, Other pertinent data can be computed from the surgical parameters and displayed such as the temperature wo oonn~s pcrms~n4ooe of the ultrasonic tip which is a function of the ultrasonic power, aspirated How and incision leak.
RemotelPhaco Imeractia~
The Remote Computes implements a novel way to control, monitor and extend the functionality of the Phaco instnrment. The Remote replicates the front panel of the Phaco within a standard Windows based program. The application faithfully mirrors the LCD display of the Phaco, and yxovides buttons that correspond to all the controls on the keypad of the Phaco. The Remote extends the capabilities of the Phaco by providing real-time graphical display of the surgical parameters and measurements, disk storage of the data captured, capture and storage of video data, data entry of patient demographic data, and a database to control access to all patient records.
The Remote and the Phaco communicate via a software protocol transmitted on a serial link. The protocol allows the Phaco to transmit the contents of its LCD display, its program state (mode) and the real-time measurements of the UIS power, vacuum and How rate. Changes to the LCD display on the Phaca are transmitted simultaneously to the Remote. In addition, the whole contents of the LCD are transmitted every 5 seconds.
This en~res that the Remotes' LCD replica will match the Phaco when the Remote is fast started. The real-time measurement values, along v~ith a variable representing the current WO OOnr1'IS PCTNS99/7a006 Phaco state are transmitted every 0.25 second. This data is displayed numerically snd graphically on the Remote, and stork for later review.
The protocol allows the Remota to transmit vbtual keypresses. This design S ensures that the Remote has no speaal control over the operation of the Phaco: it can only stimulate the pressing of a keypad button. All the normal validity checks and range checking that the Phaco ordinarily performs when monitoring its own keypad are activated for all Remote requests. This design also allows for software changes on tha Phaco without imp~ing the Remote pro~am.
Another extension provided by the RemotelPhaco interaction is the ability to add virtual keys to the Phaco system. For example, the Phaco implements an extensive diagnostic function that carefully monitors the priming cycle. This function is initiated by the reception of a keypress frora the Remote. The real-time data collected during the diagnostic session is transmitted in a dedicated packet that is stored by the Remote for later review.
All comnwnicati~ betvveai the two machines relies on a serial protocol that enSUres the faithful transmission of packets of data in either direction. The packets ZO contain-wo oomz7s Pcrms~n~oob a start character, a type code;
a length field (for the variable length LCD packets);
the data itself; and a checksum.
The receiving program only parses and acts upon packets whose chxksum and start character are cornect.
The Phaco only accepts one packet type: a keycode packet. The key code is fed to the low-level keypad monitoring routine. A keycode packet transmission involves two steps:
a keycode packet is transmitted when a button is first pressed on the Remote window; and a second packet is sent when the key is released.
WO 00/27275 PCTNS99IZ4t106 This two-packet pattern replicates the keypad hardware on the Phaco, and allows the auto-repeat function (holding a key pressed) to work the same regardless of source (either Phaco or Remote).
The Remote accepts LCD packets that contain the location and contents of a string of characters. These packets may spocify a single text character, or a complete LCD Gne of 40 characters.
The Remote accepts LCD packets that contain the location and contents of a string of characters. These packets may specdfy a single tact character, or a complete LCD line of 40 characters.
The Remote accepts real-time measurement packets that include the current U/S power, vacuum, flow rate, maximum U/S power value, maximum vacuum value, and current program state (mode). The measurement values are displayed numerically and graphically, the maximum U/S and vacuum values are used to scale the barcharts, and the program state is used to update the Event Get, which is a Gstbox that displays all the program changes.
wo ooa~a~s Pc~rrtrs~r~oo~
The Remote accepts the diagnostic dataset described above. This data is stored to a disk in a text file for later review by any Windows text editor (for example Notepad or WordPad).
Brief Description of the Drawiaga Figure 1 is a perspcdive view of a phacoemulsification apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a detailed front eievational view of the control console component of the phacoemulsiftcation apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
Figure 3 is a side elevation view of the control console shown in Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a rear devational view of the control console shown in Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a top elevational view inside the control console shown in Figure 2.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a rtrovable pivot arnn to be com~ected to the back of the stand to support the personal computer above the control console.
wo oon~a7s rcrnrs99n~~os Figure 7 is a front elevations) view of the personal computer component of the phacoemulsification apparatus shown in Figure 1.
Figure 8 is a right side elevational view of the personal computer shown in Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a top planar view of the personal compute shown in Figure 7.
Figure 10 is a schematic bottom view showing the external connectors and ports of the personal computer shown in Figure 7.
Figure 11 is a schematic right side view showing the external connectors and ports of the personal computer shown in Figure 7.
Figure 12 is a schematic perspective view of a phacoemulsiftcation apparatus according to the present invention.
Figurt 13 is a diagrammic view of an embodiment of a liquid venting mechanism according to the present invention.
wo oor~n~s rcrms9~n~oo6 Preferred Embodinuntts A particular example of an electrical surgical apparatus acxording to the present invention is a phacoemulsification apparatus to be described in detait below.
The phacoemulsiiycation apparatus comprises five (S) main components, including control console 10, personal computer Z0, hand piece 30, foot pedal 40, and movable stand 50.
I. CONTROL CONSOLE
Tha control console 10 is provided with a display 12, touch control buuons 14a and 14b, removable robing cassette 16a and stationary tubing holder 16b, peristaltic pump 17, and vacuum sensor 18 provided on a front panel thereof, as shown in Fig. 2. The front pane) is also provided with an ultrasonic supply jack 19a for connecting a cable leading to tlm hand piece 30, and additional ports 19b, 19c and 19d. The back panel of the control console 10 is provided with a conventional AC power jack.
The console encloses various electrical components, including circuit board 10a and micro-controller 10b.
wo oonn~s P~'rNSS~~aoo~
II. PERSONAL COMPUTER
The personal computer 20 is provided with an integral screen 22. A
keyboard 24 wired to the personal computer 20 can be provided optionally. The personal computer 20 is supported above the console 10 by a movable swing arm 42, as shown in Figure 6, which is mounted to the back of the stand 40. The movable swing arm 42 allows a user to pivot the personal computer along a substantially vertical axis, and the movable swing arm can also be configured to provide additional axis of movement (e.g., tilting up and down, twisting, etc.).
The personal computer for use in the present invention can have various configurations. A notebook type personal computer is preferable due to its compact size.
However, a personal computer 20 having the personal computer and screen integrated into a single unit is currently most preferred.
An example of a suitable personal computer for use with a phacoemulsif~cation apparatus according to the present invention is as follows:
1) IBM AT compatible personal computer with integrated super 1/0;
2) VGA card;
WO OOI272?5 ~TNS~~
3) touchscreen control;
4) Ethernet IOHT with an external floppy interface;
5) built in 12.1 TFT Color LCD with a MAX of 800 x 600 resolution;
6) Pentium MMX 233 megahertz processor with 128K cache, 32 megabytes of onboard memory;
2 megabytes video memory, 8) 6 gigabytes hard disk drive;
9) one (1) PCI slot;
When visualiang a surgical procxdure, the personal computer well assoaata the name of the file from the compact disc with the name of the file in the data base. Hoth files are then synchronized in time and displayed in separate windows, Other pertinent data can be computed from the surgical parameters and displayed such as the temperature wo oonn~s pcrms~n4ooe of the ultrasonic tip which is a function of the ultrasonic power, aspirated How and incision leak.
RemotelPhaco Imeractia~
The Remote Computes implements a novel way to control, monitor and extend the functionality of the Phaco instnrment. The Remote replicates the front panel of the Phaco within a standard Windows based program. The application faithfully mirrors the LCD display of the Phaco, and yxovides buttons that correspond to all the controls on the keypad of the Phaco. The Remote extends the capabilities of the Phaco by providing real-time graphical display of the surgical parameters and measurements, disk storage of the data captured, capture and storage of video data, data entry of patient demographic data, and a database to control access to all patient records.
The Remote and the Phaco communicate via a software protocol transmitted on a serial link. The protocol allows the Phaco to transmit the contents of its LCD display, its program state (mode) and the real-time measurements of the UIS power, vacuum and How rate. Changes to the LCD display on the Phaca are transmitted simultaneously to the Remote. In addition, the whole contents of the LCD are transmitted every 5 seconds.
This en~res that the Remotes' LCD replica will match the Phaco when the Remote is fast started. The real-time measurement values, along v~ith a variable representing the current WO OOnr1'IS PCTNS99/7a006 Phaco state are transmitted every 0.25 second. This data is displayed numerically snd graphically on the Remote, and stork for later review.
The protocol allows the Remota to transmit vbtual keypresses. This design S ensures that the Remote has no speaal control over the operation of the Phaco: it can only stimulate the pressing of a keypad button. All the normal validity checks and range checking that the Phaco ordinarily performs when monitoring its own keypad are activated for all Remote requests. This design also allows for software changes on tha Phaco without imp~ing the Remote pro~am.
Another extension provided by the RemotelPhaco interaction is the ability to add virtual keys to the Phaco system. For example, the Phaco implements an extensive diagnostic function that carefully monitors the priming cycle. This function is initiated by the reception of a keypress frora the Remote. The real-time data collected during the diagnostic session is transmitted in a dedicated packet that is stored by the Remote for later review.
All comnwnicati~ betvveai the two machines relies on a serial protocol that enSUres the faithful transmission of packets of data in either direction. The packets ZO contain-wo oomz7s Pcrms~n~oob a start character, a type code;
a length field (for the variable length LCD packets);
the data itself; and a checksum.
The receiving program only parses and acts upon packets whose chxksum and start character are cornect.
The Phaco only accepts one packet type: a keycode packet. The key code is fed to the low-level keypad monitoring routine. A keycode packet transmission involves two steps:
a keycode packet is transmitted when a button is first pressed on the Remote window; and a second packet is sent when the key is released.
WO 00/27275 PCTNS99IZ4t106 This two-packet pattern replicates the keypad hardware on the Phaco, and allows the auto-repeat function (holding a key pressed) to work the same regardless of source (either Phaco or Remote).
The Remote accepts LCD packets that contain the location and contents of a string of characters. These packets may spocify a single text character, or a complete LCD Gne of 40 characters.
The Remote accepts LCD packets that contain the location and contents of a string of characters. These packets may specdfy a single tact character, or a complete LCD line of 40 characters.
The Remote accepts real-time measurement packets that include the current U/S power, vacuum, flow rate, maximum U/S power value, maximum vacuum value, and current program state (mode). The measurement values are displayed numerically and graphically, the maximum U/S and vacuum values are used to scale the barcharts, and the program state is used to update the Event Get, which is a Gstbox that displays all the program changes.
wo ooa~a~s Pc~rrtrs~r~oo~
The Remote accepts the diagnostic dataset described above. This data is stored to a disk in a text file for later review by any Windows text editor (for example Notepad or WordPad).
Brief Description of the Drawiaga Figure 1 is a perspcdive view of a phacoemulsification apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a detailed front eievational view of the control console component of the phacoemulsiftcation apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
Figure 3 is a side elevation view of the control console shown in Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a rear devational view of the control console shown in Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a top elevational view inside the control console shown in Figure 2.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a rtrovable pivot arnn to be com~ected to the back of the stand to support the personal computer above the control console.
wo oon~a7s rcrnrs99n~~os Figure 7 is a front elevations) view of the personal computer component of the phacoemulsification apparatus shown in Figure 1.
Figure 8 is a right side elevational view of the personal computer shown in Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a top planar view of the personal compute shown in Figure 7.
Figure 10 is a schematic bottom view showing the external connectors and ports of the personal computer shown in Figure 7.
Figure 11 is a schematic right side view showing the external connectors and ports of the personal computer shown in Figure 7.
Figure 12 is a schematic perspective view of a phacoemulsiftcation apparatus according to the present invention.
Figurt 13 is a diagrammic view of an embodiment of a liquid venting mechanism according to the present invention.
wo oor~n~s rcrms9~n~oo6 Preferred Embodinuntts A particular example of an electrical surgical apparatus acxording to the present invention is a phacoemulsification apparatus to be described in detait below.
The phacoemulsiiycation apparatus comprises five (S) main components, including control console 10, personal computer Z0, hand piece 30, foot pedal 40, and movable stand 50.
I. CONTROL CONSOLE
Tha control console 10 is provided with a display 12, touch control buuons 14a and 14b, removable robing cassette 16a and stationary tubing holder 16b, peristaltic pump 17, and vacuum sensor 18 provided on a front panel thereof, as shown in Fig. 2. The front pane) is also provided with an ultrasonic supply jack 19a for connecting a cable leading to tlm hand piece 30, and additional ports 19b, 19c and 19d. The back panel of the control console 10 is provided with a conventional AC power jack.
The console encloses various electrical components, including circuit board 10a and micro-controller 10b.
wo oonn~s P~'rNSS~~aoo~
II. PERSONAL COMPUTER
The personal computer 20 is provided with an integral screen 22. A
keyboard 24 wired to the personal computer 20 can be provided optionally. The personal computer 20 is supported above the console 10 by a movable swing arm 42, as shown in Figure 6, which is mounted to the back of the stand 40. The movable swing arm 42 allows a user to pivot the personal computer along a substantially vertical axis, and the movable swing arm can also be configured to provide additional axis of movement (e.g., tilting up and down, twisting, etc.).
The personal computer for use in the present invention can have various configurations. A notebook type personal computer is preferable due to its compact size.
However, a personal computer 20 having the personal computer and screen integrated into a single unit is currently most preferred.
An example of a suitable personal computer for use with a phacoemulsif~cation apparatus according to the present invention is as follows:
1) IBM AT compatible personal computer with integrated super 1/0;
2) VGA card;
WO OOI272?5 ~TNS~~
3) touchscreen control;
4) Ethernet IOHT with an external floppy interface;
5) built in 12.1 TFT Color LCD with a MAX of 800 x 600 resolution;
6) Pentium MMX 233 megahertz processor with 128K cache, 32 megabytes of onboard memory;
2 megabytes video memory, 8) 6 gigabytes hard disk drive;
9) one (1) PCI slot;
10) SNAZZI video capture card for the one (1) PCI slot; and 11 ) optional external CD ROM recorder.
WO OO/Z7275 PCTNS99n1006 The SNAZZI video capture card is independent of the built in VGA card and provides hardware compression at 11 MB/minute, This equates roughly to 60 minutes of video on one compact disc. The quality of this capture and compression is excellent.
The system will, as an option, also support an external CD ROM recorder. This will allow the digital storage of videos captured using the SNAZZI card. The Hard Drive will be capable of storing roughly six (6) hours of video (363 mim~tes).
I0 The personal computer 20 is provided with the following UO arrangement, as shown in Figures 10 and 11.
20a - AC inlet 20b - Ethernet phone jack 20c - Expansion outlet 20d - VGA port IF
20e - 4 x serial ports 20f - 4 x digital inputs/outputs 20g - Parallel port 20h - Keyboard wo oon~n~s Pcrius~rt~oo6 20i - PS/2 mouse 20j - External FDD
The personal computer is preferably programmed to communicate with the S control console by using a checksum approach. Speciftcalty, the amount of bits of data being sent precedes the actual data being sent. This ensures that the data being sent from the personal computer is correct as opposed to having errors from the pereonsl computer cashing. This packaging of information provides redundancy to allow highly reliable communication between the personal computer and control console.
The control console can also utilize voice activation hardware and/or software to allow a user to navigate through ccrtsia operations (e.g., operating mode) of the control console.
III. PHACOEMULSIFICATION HAND PIECE
The phacoemulsitication hand piece 30 can be a conventional ultrasonic type hand piece including an ultrasonic transducer located within a housing 32.
An ultrasonically driven ~edle is connected to the hand piecx 30 and provided with an outer resilient sleeve (e.g., made of highly resilient silicone material).
wo oorzn7s Pcrius99n4ta6 IV. FOOT PEDAL
A conventional multi-position foot pedal can be used with the phacoemulsification apparatus according to the present invention.
V. STAND
The stand 50 is custom designed to support the other components of the phacoemulsification apparatus to facilitate easy and effective operation thereof.
The stand 50 is provided with a set of coaster wheels 52 (e.g., locking and non-locking type combinations) to allow a user to maneuver the phacoemulsification into position during an operation or later for storage.
The stand 50 is provided with an upper shelf 54 defining a top panel of the stand SO for supporting the console 10 thereon. A lower inner shelf 56 is provided for supporting the key board 24.
The stand 50 is provided with a side support 58, including fixed telescoping portion 58a, and adjustable height telescoping portion 58b. The telescoping portion 58b is provided with a pair of irrigation bag loop supports 60 and 62 each having a pair of WO 001Z7z75 PCTIUS99/Z4006 supporting loops. The loop supports 60 and 62 are located at different heights to provide the potential implementation of multiple irrigation bags in some system configurations (e.g., to provide variable or adjustable irrigation pressure).
S VI. VENTING
A phacoemulsification apparatus according to the present invention shown in Figure 12. The control console 10 is the same or similar to the control console shown in Figure 1.
The phacoemulsification apparatus includes a single bottle or bag 100 providing a supply of irrigation solution (eg., balanced salt solution, BSS). An infusion line 102 extends downwardly from the in&~sion fluid supply 100, passes through the removable cassette 16a, and connects to the hand piece 30. An aspiration line 104 is connected to the hand piece 30 and acteads to the vacuum xnsor 18, through the removable cassette 16a to the peristaltic pump 17 and to the disposal bag 106. A liquid bypass line connected to the infusion line 102 passes through the removable cassette and connects into the infusion Gne 104. The liquid bypass line 108 provides a liquid vent for equalizing the pres~e baween the infusion line 102 and aspiration 104 during various modes of operation.
The control console 10 is provided with two (2) solenoid valves 108 and 110 disposed behind the removable cassette 16a. The solenoid valve 108 selectively opens and closes the infusion line 102 and the solenoid valve 110 selectively opens and closes the liquid bypass line 108. Specifically, the solenoid valves 108 and 110 are remotely activated electromagnetic valves having piston portions which push outwardly 8~om the control console i 0 into back portions of the removable cassette 16a with the infusion line 102 and liquid bypass line 108 interposed therebetween. Thus, these lines are pinched open and closed depending on the control made.
The infusion line 102 is provided with a check valve 112 to prevent the backflow of liquid from the eye when the liquid bypass line 108 is opened to provide a liquid vent to the aspiration line. It is not desirable to have liquid backflow from the eye due to contamination and potential collapse of the eye during surgery. Alternatively, the mechanical check valve 112 can be replaced with a software operated mode of operating I S the solenoid valves 108 and 110. Specifically, the solenoid valves 108 and 110 can be opened under a specific timed sequence (e.g., milliseconds) to prevent backflow ofliquid from the eye in the infusion line 102.
A more detailed view of an embodiment of the liquid venting mechanism for use in the phacoemulsification apparatus according to the present imrention shown in Figure 13. The following is a description of this liquid venting mechanism.
wo oor~n~s rcrms~n~s In eye surgery, fluid is brought in and aspirated out of the eye using the apparatus shown in Figure 13. An infusion fine brings fluid into the eye from a bottle located a few feet above the eye and a vacuum pump aspirates the fluid through an'aspiration line.
During the operation of the pump, the infusion valve is open allowing fluid to flow This valve is usually closed when aspiration is no longer needal. In order to cancel the vacuum built in the aspiration line venting is provided through a valve which. is normally closed when the pump aspirates and opens for a short period of time when the pump stops.
In a normal operation the pressure in the aye must be above the atmosphere.
Otherwise, the eye will collapse. However, in the aspiration line, next to the pump the pressure will be always negative. In case of an occlusion, the pressure in the entire aspiration line will be negative.
When the vent valve opens, fluid flows from the bottle into the aspiration line killing the negative pressure. However, since the eye is also at a positive pressure, fluid will also flow out of the eye, through the infusion line until the tranaiart regime becomes stable. Consequently, during this transition, a visible bouncing of the cornea and postrxior capsule will be noticed. This bounce could damage parts of the eye.
wo oonn~s pcrms~r~aoob In order to avoid this situation, existing technology utilize a check valve (figured with dotted line) installed on the infusion line to prevent back flow.
However, the check valve could fail without any warning. Any failure of the check valve, in either open or closed condition could produce unwanted effects to the eye.
The present invention presents a method of improving the system described in the above. Implementing the following sequence for opening and closing the infusion and vent valves during the venting process will completely eliminate the back flow.
Sequence 1. VENT COMMAND
2. STOP THE PUMP
3. WAIT 100 MILLISECONDS
4. CLOSE THE INFUSION VALVE
S. WAIT 100 MILLISECONDS
6. OPEN THE VENT VALVE UNTIL VACUUM DROPS TO
ZERO
7. CLOSE THE VENT VALVE
8. OPEN THE INFUSION VALVE FOR 500 MILLISECONDS
9. CLOSE THE INFUSION VALVE
WO 00lZ7Z75 PCTNS99IZ4006 It can be seen that by dosing the infusion valve during the vent time, back flow is prevented while the transient process takes place. This eliminates the need for using the check valve.
WO OO/Z7275 PCTNS99n1006 The SNAZZI video capture card is independent of the built in VGA card and provides hardware compression at 11 MB/minute, This equates roughly to 60 minutes of video on one compact disc. The quality of this capture and compression is excellent.
The system will, as an option, also support an external CD ROM recorder. This will allow the digital storage of videos captured using the SNAZZI card. The Hard Drive will be capable of storing roughly six (6) hours of video (363 mim~tes).
I0 The personal computer 20 is provided with the following UO arrangement, as shown in Figures 10 and 11.
20a - AC inlet 20b - Ethernet phone jack 20c - Expansion outlet 20d - VGA port IF
20e - 4 x serial ports 20f - 4 x digital inputs/outputs 20g - Parallel port 20h - Keyboard wo oon~n~s Pcrius~rt~oo6 20i - PS/2 mouse 20j - External FDD
The personal computer is preferably programmed to communicate with the S control console by using a checksum approach. Speciftcalty, the amount of bits of data being sent precedes the actual data being sent. This ensures that the data being sent from the personal computer is correct as opposed to having errors from the pereonsl computer cashing. This packaging of information provides redundancy to allow highly reliable communication between the personal computer and control console.
The control console can also utilize voice activation hardware and/or software to allow a user to navigate through ccrtsia operations (e.g., operating mode) of the control console.
III. PHACOEMULSIFICATION HAND PIECE
The phacoemulsitication hand piece 30 can be a conventional ultrasonic type hand piece including an ultrasonic transducer located within a housing 32.
An ultrasonically driven ~edle is connected to the hand piecx 30 and provided with an outer resilient sleeve (e.g., made of highly resilient silicone material).
wo oorzn7s Pcrius99n4ta6 IV. FOOT PEDAL
A conventional multi-position foot pedal can be used with the phacoemulsification apparatus according to the present invention.
V. STAND
The stand 50 is custom designed to support the other components of the phacoemulsification apparatus to facilitate easy and effective operation thereof.
The stand 50 is provided with a set of coaster wheels 52 (e.g., locking and non-locking type combinations) to allow a user to maneuver the phacoemulsification into position during an operation or later for storage.
The stand 50 is provided with an upper shelf 54 defining a top panel of the stand SO for supporting the console 10 thereon. A lower inner shelf 56 is provided for supporting the key board 24.
The stand 50 is provided with a side support 58, including fixed telescoping portion 58a, and adjustable height telescoping portion 58b. The telescoping portion 58b is provided with a pair of irrigation bag loop supports 60 and 62 each having a pair of WO 001Z7z75 PCTIUS99/Z4006 supporting loops. The loop supports 60 and 62 are located at different heights to provide the potential implementation of multiple irrigation bags in some system configurations (e.g., to provide variable or adjustable irrigation pressure).
S VI. VENTING
A phacoemulsification apparatus according to the present invention shown in Figure 12. The control console 10 is the same or similar to the control console shown in Figure 1.
The phacoemulsification apparatus includes a single bottle or bag 100 providing a supply of irrigation solution (eg., balanced salt solution, BSS). An infusion line 102 extends downwardly from the in&~sion fluid supply 100, passes through the removable cassette 16a, and connects to the hand piece 30. An aspiration line 104 is connected to the hand piece 30 and acteads to the vacuum xnsor 18, through the removable cassette 16a to the peristaltic pump 17 and to the disposal bag 106. A liquid bypass line connected to the infusion line 102 passes through the removable cassette and connects into the infusion Gne 104. The liquid bypass line 108 provides a liquid vent for equalizing the pres~e baween the infusion line 102 and aspiration 104 during various modes of operation.
The control console 10 is provided with two (2) solenoid valves 108 and 110 disposed behind the removable cassette 16a. The solenoid valve 108 selectively opens and closes the infusion line 102 and the solenoid valve 110 selectively opens and closes the liquid bypass line 108. Specifically, the solenoid valves 108 and 110 are remotely activated electromagnetic valves having piston portions which push outwardly 8~om the control console i 0 into back portions of the removable cassette 16a with the infusion line 102 and liquid bypass line 108 interposed therebetween. Thus, these lines are pinched open and closed depending on the control made.
The infusion line 102 is provided with a check valve 112 to prevent the backflow of liquid from the eye when the liquid bypass line 108 is opened to provide a liquid vent to the aspiration line. It is not desirable to have liquid backflow from the eye due to contamination and potential collapse of the eye during surgery. Alternatively, the mechanical check valve 112 can be replaced with a software operated mode of operating I S the solenoid valves 108 and 110. Specifically, the solenoid valves 108 and 110 can be opened under a specific timed sequence (e.g., milliseconds) to prevent backflow ofliquid from the eye in the infusion line 102.
A more detailed view of an embodiment of the liquid venting mechanism for use in the phacoemulsification apparatus according to the present imrention shown in Figure 13. The following is a description of this liquid venting mechanism.
wo oor~n~s rcrms~n~s In eye surgery, fluid is brought in and aspirated out of the eye using the apparatus shown in Figure 13. An infusion fine brings fluid into the eye from a bottle located a few feet above the eye and a vacuum pump aspirates the fluid through an'aspiration line.
During the operation of the pump, the infusion valve is open allowing fluid to flow This valve is usually closed when aspiration is no longer needal. In order to cancel the vacuum built in the aspiration line venting is provided through a valve which. is normally closed when the pump aspirates and opens for a short period of time when the pump stops.
In a normal operation the pressure in the aye must be above the atmosphere.
Otherwise, the eye will collapse. However, in the aspiration line, next to the pump the pressure will be always negative. In case of an occlusion, the pressure in the entire aspiration line will be negative.
When the vent valve opens, fluid flows from the bottle into the aspiration line killing the negative pressure. However, since the eye is also at a positive pressure, fluid will also flow out of the eye, through the infusion line until the tranaiart regime becomes stable. Consequently, during this transition, a visible bouncing of the cornea and postrxior capsule will be noticed. This bounce could damage parts of the eye.
wo oonn~s pcrms~r~aoob In order to avoid this situation, existing technology utilize a check valve (figured with dotted line) installed on the infusion line to prevent back flow.
However, the check valve could fail without any warning. Any failure of the check valve, in either open or closed condition could produce unwanted effects to the eye.
The present invention presents a method of improving the system described in the above. Implementing the following sequence for opening and closing the infusion and vent valves during the venting process will completely eliminate the back flow.
Sequence 1. VENT COMMAND
2. STOP THE PUMP
3. WAIT 100 MILLISECONDS
4. CLOSE THE INFUSION VALVE
S. WAIT 100 MILLISECONDS
6. OPEN THE VENT VALVE UNTIL VACUUM DROPS TO
ZERO
7. CLOSE THE VENT VALVE
8. OPEN THE INFUSION VALVE FOR 500 MILLISECONDS
9. CLOSE THE INFUSION VALVE
WO 00lZ7Z75 PCTNS99IZ4006 It can be seen that by dosing the infusion valve during the vent time, back flow is prevented while the transient process takes place. This eliminates the need for using the check valve.
Claims (12)
1. A phacoemulsification apparatus, comprising:
a control console;
a phacoemulsification handpiece electrical connected to and driven by said control console; and a personal computer interfaced to said control console, said personal computer including a visual display, said personal computer including a disk or windows based operating system, wherein the phacoemulsification apparatus is configured so that said control console is operated as a master and said personal computer is operated as a slave to allow said control console to continue operating even in the event of a failure of operation of said personal computer.
a control console;
a phacoemulsification handpiece electrical connected to and driven by said control console; and a personal computer interfaced to said control console, said personal computer including a visual display, said personal computer including a disk or windows based operating system, wherein the phacoemulsification apparatus is configured so that said control console is operated as a master and said personal computer is operated as a slave to allow said control console to continue operating even in the event of a failure of operation of said personal computer.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said personal computer is directly connected by hard wiring to said control console.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said personal computer is remotely connected by hard wiring to said control console.
4. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said personal computer is remotely connected by a wireless communication link to the phacoemulsification apparatus.
5. An apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said wireless communication link includes a satellite link.
6. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said wireless communicating link includes electromagnetic wave communication.
7. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said personal computer is connected to said control console by an electrical cable connected to an isolated serial port of said personal computer.
8. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said personal computer is programmed to communicate with said control console by sending packets of data with check sums.
9. An apparatus according to claim 1, including an input device connected to said personal computer.
10. An apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said input device is a keyboard.
11. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said visual display is integrated with said personal computer.
12. A phacoemulsification apparatus, comprising:
a source for providing irrigation fluid to an eye;
an aspiration device for aspirating fluid from the eye;
a phacoemulsification handpiece;
a control console electrically connected to said handpiece for operating and driving said handpiece; and a windows based personal computer interfaced to said control console, wherein the phacoemulsification apparatus is configured so that said control console is operated as a master and said personal computer is operated as a slave to allow said control console to continue operating even in the event of a failure of operation of said personal computer.
a source for providing irrigation fluid to an eye;
an aspiration device for aspirating fluid from the eye;
a phacoemulsification handpiece;
a control console electrically connected to said handpiece for operating and driving said handpiece; and a windows based personal computer interfaced to said control console, wherein the phacoemulsification apparatus is configured so that said control console is operated as a master and said personal computer is operated as a slave to allow said control console to continue operating even in the event of a failure of operation of said personal computer.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/187,347 | 1998-11-06 | ||
| US09/187,347 US6155975A (en) | 1998-11-06 | 1998-11-06 | Phacoemulsification apparatus with personal computer |
| PCT/US1999/024006 WO2000027275A1 (en) | 1998-11-06 | 1999-11-05 | Phacoemulsification apparatus with personal computer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2349888A1 CA2349888A1 (en) | 2000-05-18 |
| CA2349888C true CA2349888C (en) | 2006-07-04 |
Family
ID=22688602
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002349888A Expired - Fee Related CA2349888C (en) | 1998-11-06 | 1999-11-05 | Phacoemulsification apparatus with personal computer |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6155975A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1135054A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002529131A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1596800A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2349888C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000027275A1 (en) |
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| US5388043A (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1995-02-07 | Hettinger; Catherine A. | Diet and behavioral control device |
| US5357427A (en) * | 1993-03-15 | 1994-10-18 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Remote monitoring of high-risk patients using artificial intelligence |
| US5910139A (en) * | 1996-08-29 | 1999-06-08 | Storz Instrument Co. | Numeric keypad simulated on touchscreen |
| US5871481A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 1999-02-16 | Vidamed, Inc. | Tissue ablation apparatus and method |
| US5852489A (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 1998-12-22 | Chen; Chi | Digital virtual chiasm for controlled stimulation of visual cortices |
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1998
- 1998-11-06 US US09/187,347 patent/US6155975A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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1999
- 1999-11-05 WO PCT/US1999/024006 patent/WO2000027275A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-11-05 JP JP2000580513A patent/JP2002529131A/en active Pending
- 1999-11-05 EP EP99958648A patent/EP1135054A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-11-05 AU AU15968/00A patent/AU1596800A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-05 CA CA002349888A patent/CA2349888C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JP2002529131A (en) | 2002-09-10 |
| CA2349888A1 (en) | 2000-05-18 |
| US6155975A (en) | 2000-12-05 |
| WO2000027275A1 (en) | 2000-05-18 |
| EP1135054A1 (en) | 2001-09-26 |
| AU1596800A (en) | 2000-05-29 |
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