CA2372564C - Method and apparatus for soft handoff communications in a communication system operating according to multiple communication standards - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for soft handoff communications in a communication system operating according to multiple communication standards Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2372564C CA2372564C CA002372564A CA2372564A CA2372564C CA 2372564 C CA2372564 C CA 2372564C CA 002372564 A CA002372564 A CA 002372564A CA 2372564 A CA2372564 A CA 2372564A CA 2372564 C CA2372564 C CA 2372564C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- communication
- communication standard
- pilot
- standard
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 73
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003771 C cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 102100028701 General vesicular transport factor p115 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000767151 Homo sapiens General vesicular transport factor p115 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/16—Performing reselection for specific purposes
- H04W36/18—Performing reselection for specific purposes for allowing seamless reselection, e.g. soft reselection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
- H04W36/0079—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link in case of hand-off failure or rejection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/14—Reselecting a network or an air interface
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/14—Reselecting a network or an air interface
- H04W36/144—Reselecting a network or an air interface over a different radio air interface technology
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
- H04W36/304—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data due to measured or perceived resources with higher communication quality
Abstract
A soft handoff operation is provided for a first signal transmitted according to a first communication standard (IS-95B) and a second signal transmitted according to a second communication standard (IS-95C). A mobile station (MS) (204) receives the first signal, detects a pilot signal, measures pilot signal strength, and transmits a pilot strength measurement message.
When the MS fails to receive a handoff direction message after transmitting the pilot strength message, the MS searches for a detecting presence of a broadcast control channel (BCCH) associated with a type IS-95C cell site (202) and measures a carrier-to-interference ratio of the BCCH. The MS compares the carrier-to-interference ratio to a threshold, and when the ratio is above the threshold, initiates a second communication according to the IS-95C standard, thus initiating a soft handoff operation and allowing cell sites (202, 203) to transmit information according to the IS-95C and IS-95B standards, respectively.
When the MS fails to receive a handoff direction message after transmitting the pilot strength message, the MS searches for a detecting presence of a broadcast control channel (BCCH) associated with a type IS-95C cell site (202) and measures a carrier-to-interference ratio of the BCCH. The MS compares the carrier-to-interference ratio to a threshold, and when the ratio is above the threshold, initiates a second communication according to the IS-95C standard, thus initiating a soft handoff operation and allowing cell sites (202, 203) to transmit information according to the IS-95C and IS-95B standards, respectively.
Description
WO 011782.10 PCT/USO1/10210 Method and Apparatus for Soft Handoff Communications in a Communication System Operating According to Multiple Communication s Standards Background of the Invention The invention relates to the field of communications and communication systems, and more particularly, to a code division multiple io access (CDMA) communication system.
Several types of commercially available CDMA communication systems operate according to one or more of multiple communication standards, such as IS-95B and IS-95C standards. Such systems evolve from one generation to another. For example, the IS-95B standard followed 15 a previously known IS-95A standard to provide additional capacity while improving performance in many different aspects of the CDMA
communication. systems. Recently the IS-95C standard, otherwise known as IS3000, has been introduced to meet even a higher demand for capacity and performance. The standards describing the details of IS-95A, IS-95B, 2o IS-95C (IS3000) systems, a copy of each may be obtained by contacting Telecomntunicat~ons Industry Association in Washington DC, USA, or visiting the world wide web site at www.tiaoniine.org.
Referring to FIG. 1, a simplified block diagram of a communication 25 system 100 with several cell sites coverage areas and certain associated building blocks is shown. Often times CDMA systems operating according to different standards are implemented in coverage areas located side by side, in proximity of each other ~or in an overlapping coverage area. For example, a cell site 101 having multiple sectors provides communication 3o services according to IS-95B and IS95-C standards in an overlapping coverage area. Ceil site 101 achieves mufti-type services by coupling a base
Several types of commercially available CDMA communication systems operate according to one or more of multiple communication standards, such as IS-95B and IS-95C standards. Such systems evolve from one generation to another. For example, the IS-95B standard followed 15 a previously known IS-95A standard to provide additional capacity while improving performance in many different aspects of the CDMA
communication. systems. Recently the IS-95C standard, otherwise known as IS3000, has been introduced to meet even a higher demand for capacity and performance. The standards describing the details of IS-95A, IS-95B, 2o IS-95C (IS3000) systems, a copy of each may be obtained by contacting Telecomntunicat~ons Industry Association in Washington DC, USA, or visiting the world wide web site at www.tiaoniine.org.
Referring to FIG. 1, a simplified block diagram of a communication 25 system 100 with several cell sites coverage areas and certain associated building blocks is shown. Often times CDMA systems operating according to different standards are implemented in coverage areas located side by side, in proximity of each other ~or in an overlapping coverage area. For example, a cell site 101 having multiple sectors provides communication 3o services according to IS-95B and IS95-C standards in an overlapping coverage area. Ceil site 101 achieves mufti-type services by coupling a base
2 transceiver station (BTS) 131 of type IS-95B and BTS 132 of type IS-95C to a base station controller (BSC) 134. Since BSC 134 controls some aspects of the communication calls made via cell site 101, BSC 134 may decide which type of service, type B for IS-95B or type C for IS-95C, a mobile user s may receive while it is in the coverage area. The mobile user may also select the service type. BSC 134 provides the communication services through the selected communication type by routing the information through the corresponding BTS, for example, either BTS 131 or BTS 132 if the mobile station is in the cell site 101 coverage area.
1o According to one example of a cell configuration as shown in communication system 100, a cell site 103 adjacent to cell site 101 may provide only communication services according to IS-95B standards. As such, a BTS 135 serving cell site 103 is of the B type and coupled to BSC
134. A cell site 102 adjacent to cell sites 103 and 101 may provide t5 communication services according to IS-95C standards. As such a BTS 136 serving cell site 102 is of the C type and coupled to BSC 134. Other cell site configurations are also possible.
Since mobile stations are also evolving with the standards, a mobile station may operate in a single-mode or dual-mode or other mufti-mode. In 2o case of dual-mode operation, the mobile station may operate according to both IS-95B and IS-95C standards. A mobile station (MS) 104, if it is in a single-mode operation, may receive communication services from cell sites 101 and 102 through BTSs 132 and 136 or cell sites 101 and 103 through BTSs 131 and 135 depending on whether its mode of operation is IS-95C
25 or IS-95B respectively. A dual-mode MS 104, however, may not be able to efficiently receive communication services from all three cell sites 101-103.
At least to some extent, MS 104 in dual mode operation may not benefit from soft hand operation from all three cell sites.
The operation known as soft handoff commonly known to one 30 ordinary skilled in the art allows a mobile station to receive and combine
1o According to one example of a cell configuration as shown in communication system 100, a cell site 103 adjacent to cell site 101 may provide only communication services according to IS-95B standards. As such, a BTS 135 serving cell site 103 is of the B type and coupled to BSC
134. A cell site 102 adjacent to cell sites 103 and 101 may provide t5 communication services according to IS-95C standards. As such a BTS 136 serving cell site 102 is of the C type and coupled to BSC 134. Other cell site configurations are also possible.
Since mobile stations are also evolving with the standards, a mobile station may operate in a single-mode or dual-mode or other mufti-mode. In 2o case of dual-mode operation, the mobile station may operate according to both IS-95B and IS-95C standards. A mobile station (MS) 104, if it is in a single-mode operation, may receive communication services from cell sites 101 and 102 through BTSs 132 and 136 or cell sites 101 and 103 through BTSs 131 and 135 depending on whether its mode of operation is IS-95C
25 or IS-95B respectively. A dual-mode MS 104, however, may not be able to efficiently receive communication services from all three cell sites 101-103.
At least to some extent, MS 104 in dual mode operation may not benefit from soft hand operation from all three cell sites.
The operation known as soft handoff commonly known to one 30 ordinary skilled in the art allows a mobile station to receive and combine
3 from neighboring base stations different signals to improve receiving quality. The received signals are combined in the receiver to gain improvement in reception and decoding of the transmitted information. The operations relating to the soft handoff are well known to one ordinary s skilled in the art in view of the description provided in the IS-95B and IS-95C standards.
When a mobile station receives signals communicated according to a common standard, the soft-combining operation is easily performed. For example, if mobile station 104 is communicating with cell site 101 to according to IS-95B standard through BTS 131 and moves to cell site 103, the soft handoff operation is easily performed because cell site 103 operates through BTS 135 which is of the B type. As such, BSC 134 may easily transmit the information to MS 104 via cell sites 101 and 103 through BTSs 131 and 135 which both are of the B type. However, if ~s mobile station 104 is communicating with cell site 101 according to IS-95B
standard and moves to cell site 102, the soft handoff operation may not be possible because cell site 102 provides only communication services through BTS 136 operating according to IS-95C standard. Moreover, when MS 104 is communicating with cell site 101 through BTS 131 operating 2o according to IS-95B standard, soft handoff operation for signals transmitted from cell site 101 through BTS 132 operating according to IS-95C standard may not be possible or difficult. It is well understood by one ordinary skilled in the art that the terms cell site and sector are interchangeable in the way the communication services are provided.
2s Therefore, there is a need for a method and apparatus that facilitates soft-combining operation of received signals transmitted according to different CDMA standards.
Summary of the Invention The present invention seeks to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art associated with method and apparatus for soft handoff communications in a communication system operating according to multiple communications standards.
According to one aspect of the invention, in a communication system, a method for soft handoff operation of at least a first signal transmitted according to a first communication standard and a second signal transmitted according to a second communication standard is provided. The method comprises receiving the first signal initially; detecting presence of a pilot signal; measuring pilot signal strength of the pilot signal; transmitting a pilot strength measurement message, based on the measuring pilot signal strength, using a communication channel communicated according to the first communication standard; failing to receive a handoff direction message after the transmitting the pilot strength measurement message; in response to failing to receive the handoff direction message, detecting presence of a broadcast control channel; measuring a carrier to interference ration of the broadcast control channel; comparing the carrier to interference ratio is above the threshold, a second communication according to the second communication standard using a reverse link common control channel communicated according to the second communication standard; transmitting the pilot strength measurement message using the reverse link common control channel; and receiving information according to the first and second communication standards respectively via the first and second signals and engaging in a soft handoff operation.
According to another aspect of the invention, an apparatus in a communication system is provided. The system comprises a first signal processing block for processing a first received signal according to a first communication standard to produce a first received processed signal; a second signal processing block for processing a second received signal according to a second communication standard to produce a second received processed signal; and a combiner for combining the first and second received processed signal to produce a combined signal.
The "Summary of the Invention" does not necessarily disclose all the inventive features. The inventions may reside in a sub-combination of the disclosed features.
When a mobile station receives signals communicated according to a common standard, the soft-combining operation is easily performed. For example, if mobile station 104 is communicating with cell site 101 to according to IS-95B standard through BTS 131 and moves to cell site 103, the soft handoff operation is easily performed because cell site 103 operates through BTS 135 which is of the B type. As such, BSC 134 may easily transmit the information to MS 104 via cell sites 101 and 103 through BTSs 131 and 135 which both are of the B type. However, if ~s mobile station 104 is communicating with cell site 101 according to IS-95B
standard and moves to cell site 102, the soft handoff operation may not be possible because cell site 102 provides only communication services through BTS 136 operating according to IS-95C standard. Moreover, when MS 104 is communicating with cell site 101 through BTS 131 operating 2o according to IS-95B standard, soft handoff operation for signals transmitted from cell site 101 through BTS 132 operating according to IS-95C standard may not be possible or difficult. It is well understood by one ordinary skilled in the art that the terms cell site and sector are interchangeable in the way the communication services are provided.
2s Therefore, there is a need for a method and apparatus that facilitates soft-combining operation of received signals transmitted according to different CDMA standards.
Summary of the Invention The present invention seeks to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art associated with method and apparatus for soft handoff communications in a communication system operating according to multiple communications standards.
According to one aspect of the invention, in a communication system, a method for soft handoff operation of at least a first signal transmitted according to a first communication standard and a second signal transmitted according to a second communication standard is provided. The method comprises receiving the first signal initially; detecting presence of a pilot signal; measuring pilot signal strength of the pilot signal; transmitting a pilot strength measurement message, based on the measuring pilot signal strength, using a communication channel communicated according to the first communication standard; failing to receive a handoff direction message after the transmitting the pilot strength measurement message; in response to failing to receive the handoff direction message, detecting presence of a broadcast control channel; measuring a carrier to interference ration of the broadcast control channel; comparing the carrier to interference ratio is above the threshold, a second communication according to the second communication standard using a reverse link common control channel communicated according to the second communication standard; transmitting the pilot strength measurement message using the reverse link common control channel; and receiving information according to the first and second communication standards respectively via the first and second signals and engaging in a soft handoff operation.
According to another aspect of the invention, an apparatus in a communication system is provided. The system comprises a first signal processing block for processing a first received signal according to a first communication standard to produce a first received processed signal; a second signal processing block for processing a second received signal according to a second communication standard to produce a second received processed signal; and a combiner for combining the first and second received processed signal to produce a combined signal.
The "Summary of the Invention" does not necessarily disclose all the inventive features. The inventions may reside in a sub-combination of the disclosed features.
4 Brief Description of the Drawings FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary communication system of the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary communication system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a communication receiver for detecting presence of BCCH channel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
to FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a receiver for receiving, combining and decoding the first and second signals communicated according to respectively the first and second communication standards in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an example of a messaging system between a mobile station ~5 and cell sites of type IS-95B and C, respectively, in accordance with an embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an example of a messaging system between a mobile station and cell sites of type IS-95B and C, respectively, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments) A communication system operating according to IS-95C standard includes a broadcast common control channel (BCCH). A mobile station 2s operating in dual mode can detect presence of a BCCH. A mobile station capable of operating in dual-mode may substantially benefit from various aspects of the invention that allows soft combining of signals transmitted according to at least two different types of communication standards such IS-95B and IS-95C from different cell sites or sectors.
Referring to FIG. 2, an exemplary communication system 200 is illustrated in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Communication system 200 includes multiple cell sites 201-203 (three shown). Each cell site 201-203 is served by one or more base transceiver
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary communication system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a communication receiver for detecting presence of BCCH channel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
to FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a receiver for receiving, combining and decoding the first and second signals communicated according to respectively the first and second communication standards in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an example of a messaging system between a mobile station ~5 and cell sites of type IS-95B and C, respectively, in accordance with an embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an example of a messaging system between a mobile station and cell sites of type IS-95B and C, respectively, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments) A communication system operating according to IS-95C standard includes a broadcast common control channel (BCCH). A mobile station 2s operating in dual mode can detect presence of a BCCH. A mobile station capable of operating in dual-mode may substantially benefit from various aspects of the invention that allows soft combining of signals transmitted according to at least two different types of communication standards such IS-95B and IS-95C from different cell sites or sectors.
Referring to FIG. 2, an exemplary communication system 200 is illustrated in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Communication system 200 includes multiple cell sites 201-203 (three shown). Each cell site 201-203 is served by one or more base transceiver
5 stations (BTSs) 231, 232, 235, and 236, (i.e., cell site 201 is served by BTSs 231 and 232, cell site 202 is served by BTS 236, and cell site 203 is served by BTS 235) and provides communications services according to one or more communication standards, such as communication standard IS-95B and communication standard IS95-C. Also, each cell site may be 1o sectorized, that is, may be divided into multiple sectors.
As depicted in FIG. 2, cell site 201 provides communication services according to both the first and second communication standards, that is, the IS-95B and IS95-C standards, in an overlapping coverage area. Cell site 201 achieves multi-type services by coupling BTS 231, of type IS-95B, and BTS 232, of type IS-95C, to a base station controller (BSC) 234. BSC
234 controls some aspects of the communication calls made via cell site 201 and can decide which type of service, type B for IS-95B or type C for IS-95C, a mobile user may receive while the user is in a coverage area of cell site 201. The mobile user may also select the service type. BSC 234 provides the communication services through the selected communication type by routing the information through the corresponding BTS, for example, either BTS 231 or BTS 232 if the mobile station is in the cell site 201 coverage area.
Cell site 203, which is adjacent to cell site 201, provides communication services according to IS-95B standards. As a result, BTS
235, serving cell site 103, is of the B type and is coupled to BSC 134. Cell site 202, adjacent to cell sites 201 and 203, provides communication services according to IS-95C standards. As a result, BTS 236, serving cell site 102, is of the C type and is coupled to BSC 134. Other cell site 3o configurations are also possible.
As depicted in FIG. 2, cell site 201 provides communication services according to both the first and second communication standards, that is, the IS-95B and IS95-C standards, in an overlapping coverage area. Cell site 201 achieves multi-type services by coupling BTS 231, of type IS-95B, and BTS 232, of type IS-95C, to a base station controller (BSC) 234. BSC
234 controls some aspects of the communication calls made via cell site 201 and can decide which type of service, type B for IS-95B or type C for IS-95C, a mobile user may receive while the user is in a coverage area of cell site 201. The mobile user may also select the service type. BSC 234 provides the communication services through the selected communication type by routing the information through the corresponding BTS, for example, either BTS 231 or BTS 232 if the mobile station is in the cell site 201 coverage area.
Cell site 203, which is adjacent to cell site 201, provides communication services according to IS-95B standards. As a result, BTS
235, serving cell site 103, is of the B type and is coupled to BSC 134. Cell site 202, adjacent to cell sites 201 and 203, provides communication services according to IS-95C standards. As a result, BTS 236, serving cell site 102, is of the C type and is coupled to BSC 134. Other cell site 3o configurations are also possible.
6 Communication system 200 further includes a mobile station (MS) 204 that may operate in a single-mode or dual-mode or other multi-mode.
In case of dual-mode operation, MS 204 may operate according to both IS-95B and IS-95C standards. When MS 204 receives signals communicated s according to a common standard, a soft-combining operation is easily performed. For example, if mobile station 204 is communicating with cell site 201 according to IS-95B standard through BTS 231 and moves to cell site 203, the soft handoff operation is easily performed because cell site 203 operates through BTS 235 which is of the B type. As such, BSC 234 may easily transmit the information to MS 204 via cell sites 201 and 203 through BTSs 231 and 235 which both are of the B type: However, in the prior art, when a mobile station is communicating with a first cell site according to a first communication standard, such as the IS-95B standard, and moves to a second cell site that operates according to a second is communication standard, such as the IS-95C standard, then a soft handoff operation may be difficult if not impossible.
In communication system 200, a method and apparatus provide for soft handoff operation of at least a first signal transmitted according-: to a first communication standard, such as the IS-95B standard, and a second 2o signal transmitted according to a second communication standard, such as the IS-95C standard. MS 204 and a cell site providing communications services to MS 204, on an initial contact, may select the first communication standard. MS 204 initially receives the first signal while in a communication link with one of cell sites 201-203 in communication 2s system 200. Such a communication link may be, for example, with cell site 203 that provides communication services according to IS-95B standard.
Each cell site 201-203, or sector of a cell site, transmits a pilot signal encoded with a pseudo random code having a unique time offset, commonly known as PN offset. MS 204 may detect presence of a pilot 3o signal, possibly a new pilot signal other than the one that has already been
In case of dual-mode operation, MS 204 may operate according to both IS-95B and IS-95C standards. When MS 204 receives signals communicated s according to a common standard, a soft-combining operation is easily performed. For example, if mobile station 204 is communicating with cell site 201 according to IS-95B standard through BTS 231 and moves to cell site 203, the soft handoff operation is easily performed because cell site 203 operates through BTS 235 which is of the B type. As such, BSC 234 may easily transmit the information to MS 204 via cell sites 201 and 203 through BTSs 231 and 235 which both are of the B type: However, in the prior art, when a mobile station is communicating with a first cell site according to a first communication standard, such as the IS-95B standard, and moves to a second cell site that operates according to a second is communication standard, such as the IS-95C standard, then a soft handoff operation may be difficult if not impossible.
In communication system 200, a method and apparatus provide for soft handoff operation of at least a first signal transmitted according-: to a first communication standard, such as the IS-95B standard, and a second 2o signal transmitted according to a second communication standard, such as the IS-95C standard. MS 204 and a cell site providing communications services to MS 204, on an initial contact, may select the first communication standard. MS 204 initially receives the first signal while in a communication link with one of cell sites 201-203 in communication 2s system 200. Such a communication link may be, for example, with cell site 203 that provides communication services according to IS-95B standard.
Each cell site 201-203, or sector of a cell site, transmits a pilot signal encoded with a pseudo random code having a unique time offset, commonly known as PN offset. MS 204 may detect presence of a pilot 3o signal, possibly a new pilot signal other than the one that has already been
7 detected. As a normal part of routine operations performed by MS 204 for maintaining an adequate communication link, MS 204 measures pilot signal strength of the pilot signals received by MS 204 from each of cell sites 201-203. Based on the pilot signal strength and, possibly, other information, MS 204 may find a more appropriate cell site or sector for hand-off of the communication link. MS 204 transmits a pilot strength measurement message based on the measured pilot signal strength by using a communication channel communicated according to the first communication standard.
If the pilot signal was transmitted from a cell site of only type C, such as cell site 202, cell site 1203, which is of the B type, will not respond to the message. Such a response normally is generated from BSC 234. Since BSC 234 has no knowledge of MS 204 capability with respect to the dual-mode operation, BSC 234 would not respond to the message. As a result, is MS 204, after a short period of time, fails to receive a handoff direction message after transmitting the pilot strength measurement message.
Failing to receive a handoff direction message may be an indication that the pilot signal was transmitted from a cell site of type C. MS 204 searches for detecting presence of a broadcast control channel that is associated 2o with type C cell sites.
When a broadcast control channel is detected, MS 204 measures a carrier-to-interference ratio of the broadcast control channel. In addition, MS 204 compares the carrier-to-nterference ratio to a threshold. When the carrier-to-interference ratio is above the threshold, MS 204 initiates a 25 second communication according to the second communication standard using a reverse link common control channel communicated according to the second communication standard. MS 204 transmits the pilot strength measurement message using the reverse link common control channel. At this point, MS 204 has communication links according to both IS-95B and 3o IS-95C in the communication system 100. BSC 234 then allows initiating a
If the pilot signal was transmitted from a cell site of only type C, such as cell site 202, cell site 1203, which is of the B type, will not respond to the message. Such a response normally is generated from BSC 234. Since BSC 234 has no knowledge of MS 204 capability with respect to the dual-mode operation, BSC 234 would not respond to the message. As a result, is MS 204, after a short period of time, fails to receive a handoff direction message after transmitting the pilot strength measurement message.
Failing to receive a handoff direction message may be an indication that the pilot signal was transmitted from a cell site of type C. MS 204 searches for detecting presence of a broadcast control channel that is associated 2o with type C cell sites.
When a broadcast control channel is detected, MS 204 measures a carrier-to-interference ratio of the broadcast control channel. In addition, MS 204 compares the carrier-to-nterference ratio to a threshold. When the carrier-to-interference ratio is above the threshold, MS 204 initiates a 25 second communication according to the second communication standard using a reverse link common control channel communicated according to the second communication standard. MS 204 transmits the pilot strength measurement message using the reverse link common control channel. At this point, MS 204 has communication links according to both IS-95B and 3o IS-95C in the communication system 100. BSC 234 then allows initiating a
8 soft handoff operation by transmitting information according to the first and second communication standards respectively via the first and second signals. MS 204 combines the first and second signals to take advantage of the soft handoff operation.
In case MS 204 is detecting a pilot signal from cell site 201, the pilot strength measurement message would be responded to by BSC 234 because cell site 201 is capable of providing communication services for both B and C types, the first and second communication standards.
Therefore, BSC 234 generates a handoff direction message based on the message for directing a hand-off operation. It is preferable to move communication services to the C type because it provides better performance than the B type in some instances. Additionally, in. this situation, MS 204 may detect presence of a broadcast channel transmitted from cell site 201. MS 204 measures a carrier-to-interference ratio of the is broadcast control channel, and compares the carrier-to-interference ratio to a threshold. When the carrier-to-interference ratio is above the threshold, MS 204 initiates a second communication according to the second communication standard, type C, using a reverse link common control channel. MS 204 transmits the pilot strength measurement 2o message using the reverse link common control channel. BSC 234, then, initiates a soft handoff operation by transmitting information according to the first and second communication standards respectively via said first and second signals. MS 204 then combines the first and second signals. At this point, MS 204 may drop the first signal communicated according to 2s the first communication standard, B type, and continue the communication through the second communication standards. As such, MS 204 moves from a B type communication service, to a C type communication service where it is available.
Referring to FIG. 3, a block diagram of a communication receiver 30 300 is shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In case MS 204 is detecting a pilot signal from cell site 201, the pilot strength measurement message would be responded to by BSC 234 because cell site 201 is capable of providing communication services for both B and C types, the first and second communication standards.
Therefore, BSC 234 generates a handoff direction message based on the message for directing a hand-off operation. It is preferable to move communication services to the C type because it provides better performance than the B type in some instances. Additionally, in. this situation, MS 204 may detect presence of a broadcast channel transmitted from cell site 201. MS 204 measures a carrier-to-interference ratio of the is broadcast control channel, and compares the carrier-to-interference ratio to a threshold. When the carrier-to-interference ratio is above the threshold, MS 204 initiates a second communication according to the second communication standard, type C, using a reverse link common control channel. MS 204 transmits the pilot strength measurement 2o message using the reverse link common control channel. BSC 234, then, initiates a soft handoff operation by transmitting information according to the first and second communication standards respectively via said first and second signals. MS 204 then combines the first and second signals. At this point, MS 204 may drop the first signal communicated according to 2s the first communication standard, B type, and continue the communication through the second communication standards. As such, MS 204 moves from a B type communication service, to a C type communication service where it is available.
Referring to FIG. 3, a block diagram of a communication receiver 30 300 is shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
9 Receiver 300 can be used for detecting presence of BCCH channel. Receiver 300 includes a receiving antenna 301 for receiving, among other signals, the second signal and the BCCH signal. The BCCH signal is fed to a de-spreader 302 for de-spreading the signal according to a PN sequence assigned to a C type communication. A resulting signal is fed to a de-spreader 303 for de-spreading function according to a Walsh Code assigned to the BCCH. A resulting signal energy is determined collectively through a summing block 304 and a squaring block 305. If there is any need for scaling the resulting metric energy, a scaling block 306 scales the 1o matrices before being fed to a comparator 307. Comparator 307 compares the energy to a threshold to determine whether a BCCH channel is present.
A BCCH channel flag may be produced indicating presence of a BCCH
channel.
The threshold may be determined according to a known method.
~5 Preferably, the threshold may be determined based on a part or the total amount of transmit power allocate to the pilot signal transmitted from that cell site, a part or total amount of transmit power allocated to the BCCH
and a threshold used in the soft hand-off operation in the cell site. The hand-off threshold is well known by one ordinary skilled in the art in view 20 of the IS-95B and IS-95C standards.
Referring to FIG. 4, a block diagram 400 of a receiver is shown for receiving, combining and decoding the first and second signals communicated according to respectively the first and second communication standards. An antenna 401 receives both the first and 25 second signals. Receiver 400 includes a first signal processing block 410 for processing the first received signal according to the first communication standard to produce a first received processed signal 411. Receiver 400 further includes a second signal processing block 420 for processing the second received signal according to the second communication standard to 3o produce a second received processed signal 421. Signals 411 and 421 are combined in a combiner 430 to produce a combined signal 431. The first communication standard may be IS-95B standard, and the second may be IS-95C standard.
Receiver 400 further includes a decoder for decoding combined 5 signal 431 to retrieve information communicated via the first and second signals.
First processing block 410 may include a despreader 402 despreading the first signal by multiplying the first signal with a first PN
sequence compatible to the first communication standard (IS-95B) to to produce a first despread signal 440. A traffic channel Walsh code despreader/ demodulator 404 despreads and demodulates signal 440 to produce a first demodulated signal 441. A deinterleaver deinterleaves first demodulated signal 441 according to a first interleaving/deinterleaving function of the first communication standard to produce first received processed signal 411.
Second processing block 420 may include a despreader 403 despreading the second signal by multiplying the second signal with a second PN sequence compatible to the second communication standard to produce a second despread signal 450. A traffic channel Walsh code 2o despreader/ demodulator 405 despreads and demodulates signal 450 to produce a second demodulated signal 451. A deinterleaver deinterleaves second demodulated signal 451 according to a second interleaving/ deinterleaving function of the second communication standard to produce second received processed signal 421.
Communication data rates allowed and provided by a cell site operating according to the first communication standard may be different than the allowed data rates in the second communication standard. As such, in order to make the soft combining operation in a preferred method, the invention may include equalizing communication data rates of the first 3o and second signals communicated according to the first and second communication standards respectively. This step may be accomplished by a messaging system communicated between MS 204 and BSC 234 through corresponding BTS units. Equalizing communication data rate may include communicating data rate of the first signal to a source of the second signal s for setting data rate of the second signal equal to data rate of the first signal. Equalizing communication data rate may include adjusting data rate of the second signal to data rate of the first signal.
Examples of such messaging systems 500 and 600 are shown in FIGs. 5 and 6 between MS 204 and cell sites 501 and 502 of type IS-95B
1o and C, respectively. Since the available data rates in IS-95C may be higher than the available data rates in IS-95B, messaging system 500 includes at least a step 505 for reducing the data rate. Messaging system 600 may include a step 605 that simply informs the other system of its data rate.
In sum, a method and apparatus provide for soft handoff operation of is at least a first signal transmitted according to a first communication standard and a second signal transmitted according to a second communication standard. A mobile station (MS) receives the first signal, detects a pilot signal, measures pilot signal strength, and transmits a pilot strength measurement message. When the MS fails to receive a handoff 2o direction message after transmitting the pilot strength message, the MS
searches for a detecting presence of a broadcast control channel (BCCH) associated with cell sites operating on the second communication standard and measures a carrier-to-interference ratio of the BCCH. The MS
compares the carrier-to-interference ratio to a threshold, and when the 2s ratio is above the threshold, initiates a second communication according to second communication standard, thus initiating a soft handoff operation and allowing cell sites to transmit information according to the first and second standards via the first and second signals, respectively. The MS
combines the first and second signals to take advantage of the soft handoff 30 operation.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to particular embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents substituted for elements thereof without departing from s the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed herein, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling to within the scope of the appended claims.
A BCCH channel flag may be produced indicating presence of a BCCH
channel.
The threshold may be determined according to a known method.
~5 Preferably, the threshold may be determined based on a part or the total amount of transmit power allocate to the pilot signal transmitted from that cell site, a part or total amount of transmit power allocated to the BCCH
and a threshold used in the soft hand-off operation in the cell site. The hand-off threshold is well known by one ordinary skilled in the art in view 20 of the IS-95B and IS-95C standards.
Referring to FIG. 4, a block diagram 400 of a receiver is shown for receiving, combining and decoding the first and second signals communicated according to respectively the first and second communication standards. An antenna 401 receives both the first and 25 second signals. Receiver 400 includes a first signal processing block 410 for processing the first received signal according to the first communication standard to produce a first received processed signal 411. Receiver 400 further includes a second signal processing block 420 for processing the second received signal according to the second communication standard to 3o produce a second received processed signal 421. Signals 411 and 421 are combined in a combiner 430 to produce a combined signal 431. The first communication standard may be IS-95B standard, and the second may be IS-95C standard.
Receiver 400 further includes a decoder for decoding combined 5 signal 431 to retrieve information communicated via the first and second signals.
First processing block 410 may include a despreader 402 despreading the first signal by multiplying the first signal with a first PN
sequence compatible to the first communication standard (IS-95B) to to produce a first despread signal 440. A traffic channel Walsh code despreader/ demodulator 404 despreads and demodulates signal 440 to produce a first demodulated signal 441. A deinterleaver deinterleaves first demodulated signal 441 according to a first interleaving/deinterleaving function of the first communication standard to produce first received processed signal 411.
Second processing block 420 may include a despreader 403 despreading the second signal by multiplying the second signal with a second PN sequence compatible to the second communication standard to produce a second despread signal 450. A traffic channel Walsh code 2o despreader/ demodulator 405 despreads and demodulates signal 450 to produce a second demodulated signal 451. A deinterleaver deinterleaves second demodulated signal 451 according to a second interleaving/ deinterleaving function of the second communication standard to produce second received processed signal 421.
Communication data rates allowed and provided by a cell site operating according to the first communication standard may be different than the allowed data rates in the second communication standard. As such, in order to make the soft combining operation in a preferred method, the invention may include equalizing communication data rates of the first 3o and second signals communicated according to the first and second communication standards respectively. This step may be accomplished by a messaging system communicated between MS 204 and BSC 234 through corresponding BTS units. Equalizing communication data rate may include communicating data rate of the first signal to a source of the second signal s for setting data rate of the second signal equal to data rate of the first signal. Equalizing communication data rate may include adjusting data rate of the second signal to data rate of the first signal.
Examples of such messaging systems 500 and 600 are shown in FIGs. 5 and 6 between MS 204 and cell sites 501 and 502 of type IS-95B
1o and C, respectively. Since the available data rates in IS-95C may be higher than the available data rates in IS-95B, messaging system 500 includes at least a step 505 for reducing the data rate. Messaging system 600 may include a step 605 that simply informs the other system of its data rate.
In sum, a method and apparatus provide for soft handoff operation of is at least a first signal transmitted according to a first communication standard and a second signal transmitted according to a second communication standard. A mobile station (MS) receives the first signal, detects a pilot signal, measures pilot signal strength, and transmits a pilot strength measurement message. When the MS fails to receive a handoff 2o direction message after transmitting the pilot strength message, the MS
searches for a detecting presence of a broadcast control channel (BCCH) associated with cell sites operating on the second communication standard and measures a carrier-to-interference ratio of the BCCH. The MS
compares the carrier-to-interference ratio to a threshold, and when the 2s ratio is above the threshold, initiates a second communication according to second communication standard, thus initiating a soft handoff operation and allowing cell sites to transmit information according to the first and second standards via the first and second signals, respectively. The MS
combines the first and second signals to take advantage of the soft handoff 30 operation.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to particular embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents substituted for elements thereof without departing from s the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed herein, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling to within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. In a communication system, a method for soft handoff operation of at least a first signal transmitted according to a first communication standard and a second signal transmitted according to a second communication standard comprising the steps of:
receiving said first signal initially;
detecting presence of a pilot signal;
measuring pilot signal strength of said pilot signal;
transmitting a pilot strength measurement message, based on said measuring pilot signal strength, using a communication channel communicated according to said first communication standard;
failing to receive a handoff direction message after said transmitting said pilot strength measurement message;
in response to failing to receive the handoff direction message, detecting presence of a broadcast control channel;
measuring a carrier to interference ration of said broadcast control channel;
comparing said carrier to interference ratio is above said threshold, a second communication according to said second communication standard using a reverse link common control channel communicated according to said second communication standard;
transmitting said pilot strength measurement message using said reverse link common control channel; and receiving information according to said first and second communication standards respectively via said first and second signals and engaging in a soft handoff operation.
receiving said first signal initially;
detecting presence of a pilot signal;
measuring pilot signal strength of said pilot signal;
transmitting a pilot strength measurement message, based on said measuring pilot signal strength, using a communication channel communicated according to said first communication standard;
failing to receive a handoff direction message after said transmitting said pilot strength measurement message;
in response to failing to receive the handoff direction message, detecting presence of a broadcast control channel;
measuring a carrier to interference ration of said broadcast control channel;
comparing said carrier to interference ratio is above said threshold, a second communication according to said second communication standard using a reverse link common control channel communicated according to said second communication standard;
transmitting said pilot strength measurement message using said reverse link common control channel; and receiving information according to said first and second communication standards respectively via said first and second signals and engaging in a soft handoff operation.
2. The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising a step of equalizing communication data rate of said first and second signals communicated according to said first and second communication standards.
3. The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising a step of combining said first and second signals.
4. The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising steps of:
receiving said pilot strength measurement message via said first common control channel; and detecting said pilot strength measurement message is of said pilot signal transmitted according to said second communication standard.
receiving said pilot strength measurement message via said first common control channel; and detecting said pilot strength measurement message is of said pilot signal transmitted according to said second communication standard.
5. The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising a step of determining said threshold based on an allocated power level assigned to said pilot signal, an allocated power level assigned to said broadcast control channel, and a soft-handoff threshold in said communication system.
6. An apparatus in a communication system comprising:
a first signal processing block for processing a first received signal according to a first communication standard to produce a first received processed signal;
a second signal processing block for processing a second received signal according to a second communication standard to produce a second received processed signal; and a combiner for combining said first and second received processed signal to produce a combined signal.
a first signal processing block for processing a first received signal according to a first communication standard to produce a first received processed signal;
a second signal processing block for processing a second received signal according to a second communication standard to produce a second received processed signal; and a combiner for combining said first and second received processed signal to produce a combined signal.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 further comprising a decoder for decoding said combined signal to retrieve information communicated via said first and second signals.
8. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said first processing block comprises:
a despreader that despreads said first signal by multiplying said first signal with a first PN sequence compatible to said first communication standard to produce a first despread signal;
a traffic channel Walsh code despreader and demodulator that produces a first demodulated signal from said first despread signal; and a deinterleaver that deinterleaves said first demodulated signal according to a first interleaving/ deinterleaving function of said first communication standard to produce said first received processed signal.
a despreader that despreads said first signal by multiplying said first signal with a first PN sequence compatible to said first communication standard to produce a first despread signal;
a traffic channel Walsh code despreader and demodulator that produces a first demodulated signal from said first despread signal; and a deinterleaver that deinterleaves said first demodulated signal according to a first interleaving/ deinterleaving function of said first communication standard to produce said first received processed signal.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said second processing block comprises:
a despreader that despreads said second signal by multiplying said second signal with a second PN sequence compatible to said second communication standard to produce a second despread signal;
a traffic channel Walsh code despreader and demodulator that produces a second demodulated signal from said second despread signal;
and a deinterleaver that deinterleaves said second demodulated signal according to a second interleaving/ deinterleaving function of said second communication standard to produce said second received processed signal.
a despreader that despreads said second signal by multiplying said second signal with a second PN sequence compatible to said second communication standard to produce a second despread signal;
a traffic channel Walsh code despreader and demodulator that produces a second demodulated signal from said second despread signal;
and a deinterleaver that deinterleaves said second demodulated signal according to a second interleaving/ deinterleaving function of said second communication standard to produce said second received processed signal.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/545,125 US6768908B1 (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2000-04-07 | Method and apparatus for soft handoff communications in a communication system operating according to IS-95B and IS-95C standards |
| US09/545,125 | 2000-04-07 | ||
| PCT/US2001/010210 WO2001078240A2 (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2001-03-30 | Method and apparatus for soft handoff communications in a communication system operating according to multiple communication standards |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2372564A1 CA2372564A1 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
| CA2372564C true CA2372564C (en) | 2005-01-04 |
Family
ID=24174980
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002372564A Expired - Fee Related CA2372564C (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2001-03-30 | Method and apparatus for soft handoff communications in a communication system operating according to multiple communication standards |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6768908B1 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP1238465B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4611599B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100443099B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1207930C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5301301A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2372564C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60113230T2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001078240A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (47)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6360100B1 (en) | 1998-09-22 | 2002-03-19 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method for robust handoff in wireless communication system |
| KR100354168B1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-09-27 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Method and system for handoff communication mobile CDMA |
| US7843878B2 (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2010-11-30 | Ericsson Ab | Method and apparatus to control handoff between different wireless systems |
| US7046719B2 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2006-05-16 | Motorola, Inc. | Soft handoff between cellular systems employing different encoding rates |
| US7058035B2 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2006-06-06 | Qualcomm, Indorporated | Communication system employing multiple handoff criteria |
| US7336954B2 (en) | 2001-07-05 | 2008-02-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for soft handoff between base stations using different frame formats |
| KR20030052038A (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-26 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Method for handoff in high data rate networks |
| US7319715B1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2008-01-15 | Novatel Wireless, Inc. | Systems and methods for a multi-mode wireless modem |
| US20070171878A1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2007-07-26 | Novatel Wireless, Inc. | Systems and methods for a multi-mode wireless modem |
| JP3959288B2 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2007-08-15 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ | Packet transmission system, packet transmission method, packet transmission apparatus, home agent, mobile terminal, and access router |
| US7961682B2 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2011-06-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Handoff between base stations of different protocol revisions in a CDMA system |
| US7424296B2 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2008-09-09 | Nokia Corporation | Method and apparatus for soft handover area detection for uplink interference avoidance |
| KR20050008797A (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2005-01-21 | 코닌클리즈케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. | Wireless technology co-existence |
| US7593367B2 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2009-09-22 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Frequency scan for CDMA acquisition |
| KR100566208B1 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2006-03-29 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method and apparatus for soft combining of mbms service data in a cdma mobile communication system providing mbms service |
| KR100552902B1 (en) * | 2002-11-12 | 2006-02-22 | 주식회사 엘지텔레콤 | Apparatus and method for formatting access channel of mobile terminal |
| KR20040062037A (en) * | 2002-12-31 | 2004-07-07 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Communication type switching method for mobile communication terminal device |
| US7668541B2 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2010-02-23 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Enhanced techniques for using core based nodes for state transfer |
| KR100651430B1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2006-11-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | System and method for handover in a communication system |
| WO2005060170A1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-06-30 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Fast/opportunistic distributed resource reallocation for established connections in a multihop network |
| KR100601886B1 (en) * | 2004-07-12 | 2006-07-19 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method for controlling handover between a different kind of network |
| KR100641179B1 (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-11-02 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Methods and a apparatus of managing hand-over information for mobile communication system |
| US7263359B2 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2007-08-28 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Handoff mechanism for CDMA wireless network using dynamically scalable traffic channels |
| CN100493228C (en) * | 2005-03-10 | 2009-05-27 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Switchover controll method of multiple frequency points system |
| KR101103975B1 (en) * | 2005-05-10 | 2012-01-06 | 에스케이 텔레콤주식회사 | Handover Method for Dual Band/Dual Mode Mobile Communication Terminal |
| ATE379901T1 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2007-12-15 | Alcatel Lucent | METHOD FOR SENDING DOWNWARD TRAFFIC FROM AN EXCHANGE |
| US8315633B2 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2012-11-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Uplink soft handoff support in UMTS TDD systems for efficient uplink power and rate control |
| TW200721861A (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-06-01 | Nokia Corp | Use of measurement pilot for radio measurement in a wireless network |
| US8509799B2 (en) | 2005-09-19 | 2013-08-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Provision of QoS treatment based upon multiple requests |
| US9066344B2 (en) | 2005-09-19 | 2015-06-23 | Qualcomm Incorporated | State synchronization of access routers |
| US8982835B2 (en) | 2005-09-19 | 2015-03-17 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Provision of a move indication to a resource requester |
| US9736752B2 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2017-08-15 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Communications methods and apparatus using physical attachment point identifiers which support dual communications links |
| US9078084B2 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2015-07-07 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for end node assisted neighbor discovery |
| US8982778B2 (en) | 2005-09-19 | 2015-03-17 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Packet routing in a wireless communications environment |
| US8983468B2 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2015-03-17 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Communications methods and apparatus using physical attachment point identifiers |
| US9083355B2 (en) | 2006-02-24 | 2015-07-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for end node assisted neighbor discovery |
| US8064401B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2011-11-22 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Expedited handoff |
| US7899495B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2011-03-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for supporting multiple connections |
| US9155008B2 (en) | 2007-03-26 | 2015-10-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Apparatus and method of performing a handoff in a communication network |
| US20080248800A1 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2008-10-09 | Beceem Communications, Inc. | Managing handoffs between overlaid networks |
| US8830818B2 (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2014-09-09 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Forward handover under radio link failure |
| US9094173B2 (en) | 2007-06-25 | 2015-07-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Recovery from handoff error due to false detection of handoff completion signal at access terminal |
| US8989804B2 (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2015-03-24 | Clearwire Ip Holdings Llc | System and method for proximity-based radio management |
| US8615241B2 (en) | 2010-04-09 | 2013-12-24 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for facilitating robust forward handover in long term evolution (LTE) communication systems |
| CN102711171B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2015-07-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for deleting branch |
| US9197503B2 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2015-11-24 | Lenovo Enterprise Solutions (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Enhanced remote presence |
| US20170300317A1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-19 | Knight Point Systems, Inc. | System and method for patching software in a target computer system device |
Family Cites Families (32)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US633455A (en) * | 1898-03-25 | 1899-09-19 | Cyrus S Hood | Register. |
| FI96157C (en) * | 1992-04-27 | 1996-05-10 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Digital cellular radio telephone network based on time multiplexing to move a radio connection from the base station to a new base station |
| US5548808A (en) * | 1993-12-08 | 1996-08-20 | Motorola, Inc. | Method for performing a handoff in a communication system |
| GB2296626B (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1999-07-28 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Multi-mode radio telephone |
| GB2297460B (en) * | 1995-01-28 | 1999-05-26 | Motorola Ltd | Communications system and a method therefor |
| US5594718A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1997-01-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for providing mobile unit assisted hard handoff from a CDMA communication system to an alternative access communication system |
| US5978679A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1999-11-02 | Qualcomm Inc. | Coexisting GSM and CDMA wireless telecommunications networks |
| US5937019A (en) * | 1996-08-07 | 1999-08-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for reliable intersystem handoff in a CDMA system |
| DE19637437C1 (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-04-23 | Siemens Ag | Transfer of a connection between a DECT subsystem and a mobile radio system |
| GB9621247D0 (en) * | 1996-10-11 | 1996-11-27 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Dect/gsm interworking |
| US6021328A (en) | 1996-12-19 | 2000-02-01 | Northern Telecom Limited | Radio link quality handoff trigger |
| IL132358A0 (en) | 1997-05-05 | 2001-03-19 | Motorola Inc | Subscriber handoff between multiple access commnications systems |
| KR100240451B1 (en) * | 1997-05-22 | 2000-01-15 | 서평원 | Reducing method of continuing hard handoff between base stations |
| FI105993B (en) * | 1997-08-20 | 2000-10-31 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Procedures and systems for controlling radio communication systems and radio network controllers |
| US6307849B1 (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 2001-10-23 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and system for changing forward traffic channel power allocation during soft handoff |
| US6625132B1 (en) * | 1997-11-13 | 2003-09-23 | Nortel Networks Ltd | Idle intersystem roaming determination and system reselection in a CDMA wireless communication system |
| RU2000116264A (en) * | 1997-11-26 | 2002-05-27 | Квэлкомм Инкорпорейтед (US) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PERFORMING TRANSMISSION OF SERVICE IN THE CDMA SYSTEM BY USING RETROSTERS |
| KR100291476B1 (en) * | 1998-05-25 | 2001-07-12 | 윤종용 | A method and a system for controlling a pilot measurement request order in cellular system |
| KR100318959B1 (en) * | 1998-07-07 | 2002-04-22 | 윤종용 | Apparatus and method for eliminating interference between different codes in a CDMA communication system |
| US5999815A (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 1999-12-07 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for implementing diversity for a dual-mode communication unit |
| US6353602B1 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2002-03-05 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | CDMA base station assisted soft handoff |
| US6125137A (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 2000-09-26 | Motorola, Inc. | Apparatus and method for performing a signal search in a coherent wireless communication system |
| US6567666B2 (en) * | 1998-12-02 | 2003-05-20 | Infineon Technologies North America Corp. | Forward link inter-generation soft handoff between 2G and 3G CDMA systems |
| US6356528B1 (en) * | 1999-04-15 | 2002-03-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Interleaver and deinterleaver for use in a diversity transmission communication system |
| US6233455B1 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2001-05-15 | Nortel Networks Limited | Method for utilizing negative T—COMP to improve handoff reliability |
| US6351460B1 (en) * | 1999-05-24 | 2002-02-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for a dedicated control channel in an early soft handoff in a code division multiple access communication system |
| US6584087B1 (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2003-06-24 | Infineon Technologies North America Corp. | Power control during inter-generation soft handoffs |
| US6430414B1 (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2002-08-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Soft handoff algorithm and wireless communication system for third generation CDMA systems |
| US6934319B2 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2005-08-23 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Configurable multimode despreader for spread spectrum applications |
| US7046719B2 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2006-05-16 | Motorola, Inc. | Soft handoff between cellular systems employing different encoding rates |
| US6728304B2 (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2004-04-27 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for performing a signal detection and assignment in a wireless communication system |
| US7177265B1 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2007-02-13 | Digi International Inc. | Iterative method, and apparatus for acquiring time and frequency synchronization in a DSSS receiver |
-
2000
- 2000-04-07 US US09/545,125 patent/US6768908B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-03-30 KR KR10-2001-7015796A patent/KR100443099B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-03-30 AU AU5301301A patent/AU5301301A/en active Pending
- 2001-03-30 CN CNB018008607A patent/CN1207930C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-30 DE DE60113230T patent/DE60113230T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-30 EP EP01926480A patent/EP1238465B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-30 WO PCT/US2001/010210 patent/WO2001078240A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-03-30 JP JP2001574986A patent/JP4611599B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-30 EP EP05014319A patent/EP1589780A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-30 CA CA002372564A patent/CA2372564C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-02-04 US US10/772,030 patent/US7489942B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6768908B1 (en) | 2004-07-27 |
| JP2003530754A (en) | 2003-10-14 |
| DE60113230D1 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
| EP1238465A2 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
| CN1401193A (en) | 2003-03-05 |
| CA2372564A1 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
| KR20020026451A (en) | 2002-04-10 |
| WO2001078240A2 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
| CN1207930C (en) | 2005-06-22 |
| US7489942B2 (en) | 2009-02-10 |
| EP1238465B1 (en) | 2005-09-07 |
| DE60113230T2 (en) | 2006-01-12 |
| AU5301301A (en) | 2001-10-23 |
| EP1238465A4 (en) | 2002-10-30 |
| US20040157609A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
| KR100443099B1 (en) | 2004-08-04 |
| EP1589780A1 (en) | 2005-10-26 |
| JP4611599B2 (en) | 2011-01-12 |
| WO2001078240A3 (en) | 2002-07-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2372564C (en) | Method and apparatus for soft handoff communications in a communication system operating according to multiple communication standards | |
| EP1125458B1 (en) | Soft hand-off in cellular mobile communications networks | |
| US7313398B1 (en) | System and method for handoff in a CDMA network | |
| JP4020967B2 (en) | Connection establishment method, subscriber terminal unit and radio system | |
| KR100276698B1 (en) | Forward link power control apparatus and method with interference reduction during soft handoff in CDMA communication systems | |
| EP0884918A2 (en) | Cellular communication system with soft handover and apparatus therefor | |
| JP4202317B2 (en) | Soft handover area detection method and apparatus for avoiding uplink interference | |
| KR20000015938A (en) | Method and apparatus for providing a cone of silence in a cellular communication system | |
| KR20000015999A (en) | Method and apparatus for measurement directed hard handoff in cdma system | |
| US20020061749A1 (en) | Enhanced inter-generation CDMA hard-handoff procedure | |
| KR20030094168A (en) | A user equipment which determines whether to initiate handover | |
| KR20070055633A (en) | Antenna adaptation to manage the active set to manipulate soft hand-off regions | |
| US8010117B1 (en) | Method and system for dynamically merging wireless service sectors | |
| JP2005333475A (en) | Mobile communication system and radio controller | |
| EP0928078B1 (en) | Mobile communications system and mobile communications method | |
| KR100525319B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for providing diversity in hard handoff for a cdma system | |
| KR100592904B1 (en) | A mobile communication system for providing a dynamic cluster based handover, and a method thereof | |
| KR100491518B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for hard handoff in a cdma system | |
| KR100277064B1 (en) | Method for measuring handoff processing delay time in cellular system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20190401 |