CA2376305C - Sulfonamide and sulfamide substituted imidazoquinolines - Google Patents

Abstract

Imidazoquinoline and tetrahydroimidazoquinoline compounds that contain sulfonamide or sulfonamide functionality at the 1-position are useful as immune response modifiers. The compounds and compositions of the invention can induce the biosynthesis of various cytokines and are useful in the treatment of a variety of conditions including viral diseases and neoplastic diseases.

Description

Sulfonamide and Sulfamide Substituted Imidazoquinolines Field of the Invention This invention relates to imidazoquinoline compounds that have sulfonamide or sulfamide substitution at the 1-position and to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds. A further aspect of this invention relates to the use of these compounds as immunomodulators, for inducing cytokine biosynthesis in animals and in the treatment of diseases including viral and neoplastic diseases.

Background of the Invention The first reliable report on the 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline ring system, Backman et al., J. Org. Chem. 15, 1278-1284 (1950) describes the synthesis of l -(6-methoxy-8-quinolinyl)-2-methyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline for possible use as an antimalarial agent. Subsequently, syntheses of various substituted IH-imidazo[4,5-c]
quinolines were reported. For example, Jain et al., J. Med. Chem. 11, pp. 87-92 (1968), synthesized the compound 1-[2-(4-piperidyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline as a possible anticonvulsant and cardiovascular agent. Also, Baranov et al., Chem. Abs. 85, (1976), have reported several 2-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]quinolines, and Berenyi et al., J.
Heterocyclic Chem. 18, 1537-1540 (1981), have reported certain 2-oxoimidazo[4,5-c]quinolines.
Certain 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amines and 1- and 2-substituted derivatives thereof were later found to be useful as antiviral agents, bronchodilators and immunomodulators. These are described in, inter alia, U.S. Patent Nos.
4,689,338;
4,698,348; 4,929,624; 5,037,986; 5,268,376; 5,346,905; and 5,389,640.

There continues to be interest in the imidazoquinoline ring system, as seen for example in WO 98/30562, EP 894 797 and WO 00/09506. EP 894 797 discloses amide substituted imidazoquinoline compounds that are disclosed to be useful as immune response modifying compounds, while WO 00/09506 discloses imidazoquinoline compounds that contain a sulfonamide substituent wherein the sulfonamide nitrogen is part of a saturated heterocyclic ring. Despite these efforts, however, there is a continuing need for compounds that have the ability to modulate the immune response, by induction of cytokine biosynthesis or other mechanisms.

Summary of the Invention We have found a new class of compounds that are useful in inducing cytokine biosynthesis in animals. Accordingly, this invention provides compounds of Formula I:

N N
`}- R2 N

Rn (I) wherein R, R1 and R2 are as defined herein.
The compounds of Formula I are useful as immune response modifiers due to their ability to induce cytokine biosynthesis and otherwise modulate the immune reponse when administered to animals. This makes the compounds useful in the treatment of a variety of conditions such as viral diseases and tumors that are responsive to such changes in the immune response.
The invention further provides pharmaceutial compositions containing a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I and methods of inducing cytokine biosynthesis in an animal, treating a viral infection and/or treating a neoplastic disease in an animal by administering a effective amount of a compound of Formula Ito the animal.
In addition, methods of synthesizing compounds of Formula I and intermediates useful in the synthesis of these compounds are provided.

Detailed Description of the Invention As mentioned earlier, the invention provides compounds of Formula I:

N, N
`~-R2 N

Rn (I) wherein R, is -alkyl-NR3- SO2 -X-R4 or -alkenyl-NR3- SO2 -X-R4 ;
X is a bond or -NR5-;
R4 is aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl or alkenyl, each of which may be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of:
-alkyl;
-alkenyl;
-aryl;
-heteroaryl;
-heterocyclyl;
-substituted aryl;
-substituted heteroaryl;
-substituted heterocyclyl;
-0-alkyl;
-O-(alkyl)0_1-aryl;
-O-(alkyl)0_1-substituted aryl;
-O-(alkyl)o_ 1-hetero aryl;
-O-(alkyl)0_1-substituted heteroaryl;
-O-(alkyl)o_ 1-heterocycl yl;
-O-(alkyl)0_1-substituted heterocyclyl;
-COOH;
-CO-O-alkyl;

-CO-alkyl;
-S(O)0_2 -alkyl;
-S(O)0_2-(alkyl)0_1-aryl;
-S(O)o_Z -(alkyl)0_1-substituted aryl;
-S(O)0_2 -(alkyl)o_1-heteroaryl;
-S(0)0_2-(alkyl)0_1-substituted heteroaryl;
-S(O)0_2 -(alkyl)0_1-heterocyclyl;
-S(0)0-2 -(alkyl)0- -substituted heterocyclyl;
-(alkyl)0_1-NR3R3;
-(alkyl)0_1-NR3-CO-O-alkyl;
-(alkyl)0- 1-NR3-C O-alkyl;
-(alkyl)o_ 1-NR3-CO-aryl;
-(alkyl)0_1-NR3-CO-substituted aryl;
-(alkyl)01 -NR3-CO-heteroaryl;
-(alkyl)0_1-NR3-CO-substituted heteroaryl;
-N3;
-halogen;
-haloalkyl;
-haloalkoxy;
-CO-haloalkoxy;
-NO2;
-CN;
-OH;
-SH; and in the case of alkyl, alkenyl, or heterocyclyl, oxo;
R2 is selected from the group consisting of:
-hydrogen;
-alkyl;
-alkenyl;
-aryl;
-substituted aryl;
-heteroaryl;

-substituted heteroaryl;
- alkyl -0-alkyl;
- alkyl-O- alkenyl; and - alkyl or alkenyl substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of:
-OH;
-halogen;
-N(R3)2;
-CO-N(R3)2;
-CO-CI.1o alkyl;
-CO-O-C 1.10 alkyl;
-N3;
-aryl;
-substituted aryl;
-heteroaryl;
-substituted heteroaryl;
-heterocyclyl;
-substituted heterocyclyl;
-CO-aryl;
-CO-(substituted aryl);
-CO-heteroaryl; and -CO-(substituted heteroaryl);
each R3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C1_10 alkyl;
R5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C1.10 alkyl, or R4 and R5 can combine to form a 3 to 7 membered heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic ring;
n is 0 to 4 and each R present is independently selected from the group consisting of C1_10 alkyl, C1_10 alkoxy, halogen and trifluoromethyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Preparation of the Compounds Imidazoquinolines of the invention can be prepared according to Reaction Scheme I where R, R1, R, and n are as defined above.

In step (1) of Reaction Scheme I a 4-chloro-3-nitroquinoline of Formula II is reacted with an amine of Formula R1NH2 where R1 is as defined above to provide a 3-nitroquinolin-4-amine of Formula III. The reaction can be carried out by adding amine to a solution of a compound of Formula II in a suitable solvent such as chloroform or dichloromethane and optionally heating. Many quinolines of Formula II are known compounds (see for example, U.S. Patent 4,689,338 and references cited therein).
In step (2) of Reaction Scheme I a 3-nitroquinolin-4-amine of Formula III is reduced to provide a quinoline-3,4-diamine of Formula IV. Preferably, the reduction is carried out using a conventional heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst such as platinum on carbon or palladium on carbon. The reaction can conveniently be carried out on a Parr apparatus in a suitable solvent such as isopropyl alcohol or toluene.
In step (3) of Reaction Scheme I a quinoline-3,4-diamine of Formula IV is reacted with a carboxylic acid or an equivalent thereof to provide a 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline of Formula V. Suitable equivalents to carboxylic acid include acid halides, orthoesters, and 1, 1 -dialkoxyalkyl alkanoates. The carboxylic acid or equivalent is selected such that it will provide the desired R-, substituent in a compound of Formula V. For example, triethyl orthoformate will provide a compound where R, is hydrogen and triethyl orthoacetate will provide a compound where R2 is methyl. The reaction can be run in the absence of solvent or in an inert solvent such as toluene. The reaction is run with sufficient heating to drive off any alcohol or water formed as a byproduct of the reaction.
In step (4) of Reaction Scheme I a 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline of Formula V is oxidized to provide a 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-5N-oxide of Formula VI using a conventional oxidizing agent that is capable of forming N-oxides. Preferred reaction conditions involve reacting a solution of a compound of Formula V in chloroform with 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid at ambient conditions.
In step (5) of Reaction Scheme I a 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-5N-oxide of Formula VI is aminated to provide a 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine of Formula VII
which is a subgenus of Formula I. Step (5) involves (i) reacting a compound of Formula VI with an acylating agent and then (ii) reacting the product with an aminating agent. Part (i) of step (5) involves reacting an N-oxide of Formula VI with an acylating agent.
Suitable acylating agents include alkyl- or arylsulfonyl chlorides (e.g., benezenesulfonyl chloride, methanesulfonyl chloride, p-toluenesulfonyl chloride). Arylsulfonyl chlorides are preferred. Para-toluenesulfonyl chloride is most preferred. Part (ii) of step (5) involves reacting the product of part (i) with an excess of an aminating agent. Suitable aminating agents include ammonia (e.g., in the form of ammonium hydroxide) and ammonium salts (e.g., ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate). Ammonium hydroxide is preferred. The reaction is preferably carried out by dissolving the N-oxide of Formula VI in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane, adding the aminating agent to the solution, and then slowly adding the acylating agent. The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated using conventional methods.
Alternatively, step (5) may be carried out by (i) reacting an N-oxide of Formula VI
with an isocyanate and then (ii) hydrolyzing the resulting product. Part (i) involves reacting the N-oxide with an isocyanate wherein the isocyanato group is bonded to a carbonyl group. Preferred isocyanates include trichloroacetyl isocyanate and aroyl isocyanates such as benzoyl isocyanate. The reaction of the isocyanate with the N-oxide is carried out under substantially anhydrous conditions by adding the isocyanate to a solution of the N-oxide in an inert solvent such as chloroform or dichloromethane. Part (ii) involves hydrolysis of the product from part (i). The hydrolysis can be carried out by conventional methods such as heating in the presence of water or a lower alkanol optionally in the presence of a catalyst such as an alkali metal hydroxide or lower alkoxide.

Reaction Scheme I

CI (1) I / NH (2) I NH
Rn Rn R Rn R

II III IV

(3) N N O,N+ N N N
1 ~} R R 1 ~- R
R N 2 (5 R N 2 (4) R / N 2 n / , n / R, n / R, VII VI V
Compounds of the invention where the Ri substituent contains a sulfonamide can also be prepared according to Reaction Scheme II where R, R2, R4 and n are as defined above and m is 1-20.

In Reaction Scheme II an aminoalkyl substituted 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine of Formula VIII is reacted with a sulfonyl chloride of Formula IX to provide a compound of Formula X which is a subgenus of Formula I. The reaction can be run at ambient temperature in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane in the presence of a base such as pyridine or N,N-diisopropylethylamine. Many 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-amines of Formula VIII are known compounds, see for example US Patent 6,069,149 (Namba); others can be readily prepared using known synthetic methods. Many sulfonyl chlorides of Formula IX are commercially available; others can be readily prepared using known synthetic methods. The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated using conventional methods.

Reaction Scheme II

N N O N N 11 I / N}RZ + R4 S-CI ~ 1 \}R2 Rn / (CH2) M Rn (CH2) M

VIII ix x O=S=0 Compounds of the invention where the R, substituent contains a sulfonamide can also be prepared according to Reaction Scheme III where R, R2, R4 and n are as defined above and m is 1-20.

In Reaction Scheme III an aminoalkyl substituted 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine of Formula VIII is reacted with a sulfonic anhydride of Formula XI to provide a compound of Formula X which is a subgenus of Formula I. The reaction can be run at ambient temperature in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane in the presence of a base such as pyridine or N,N-diisopropylethylamine. Alternatively, the reaction can be run at ambient temperature in acetonitrile. Many sulfonic anhydrides of Formula XI
are commercially available; others can be readily prepared using known synthetic methods.
The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated using conventional methods.

Reaction Scheme III

N N O O N
I R2 + R4 S-O-S- R4 ~ N R2 O N
Rn (CH2) M Rn (CH2) M

VIII xI x 0= i =O

Tertiary sulfonamides of the invention can be prepared according to Reaction Scheme IV where R, R2, R3, R4 and n are as defined above and m is 1-20.
In Reaction Scheme IV a 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolinyl sulfonamide of Formula X
is reacted with a halide of Formula XII to provide a compound of Formula XIII
which is a subgenus of Formula I. The reaction can be carried out at ambient temperature by adding sodium hydride to a solution of a compound of Formula X in N,N-dimethylformamide and then adding the halide. Many halides of Formula XII are commercially available; others can be readily prepared using known synthetic methods. The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated using conventional methods.
Reaction Scheme IV

N N
N 11 / N>-R2 + R3Hal 311. 11 N N}R

Rn (CH2)m Rn (CH2)m NH N
X O==O XII XIII R p'S\O

Compounds of the invention where Ri contains a sulfamide group can be prepared according to Reaction Scheme V wherein R, R2, R4, R5 and n are as defined above and m is 1-20.

In step (1) of Reaction Scheme V an aminoalkyl substituted 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine of Formula VIII is reacted with sulfuryl chloride to generate in situ a sulfamoyl chloride of Formula XIV. The reaction can be carried out by adding a solution of sulfuryl chloride in dichloromethane to a solution of a compound of Formula VIII in dichloromethane in the presence of one equivalent of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine. The reaction is preferably carried out at a reduced temperature (-78 C).
Optionally, after the addition is complete the reaction mixture can be allowed to warm to ambient temperature.
In step (2) of Reaction Scheme V an amine of Formula R5R4NH is reacted with the sulfamoyl chloride of Formula XIV to provide a 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolinyl sulfamide of Formula XV which is a subgenus of Formula I. The reaction can be carried out by adding a solution containing 2 equivalents of the amine and 2 equivalents of triethylamine in dichloromethane to the reaction mixture from step (1). The addition is preferably carried out at a reduced temperature (-78 C). After the addition is complete the reaction mixture can be allowed to warm to ambient temperature. The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated using conventional methods.

Reaction Scheme V

N~R2 (1)31- I / N~R2 (2~ N N>-R2 Rn (CH2) M Rn 4 (CH2) M Rn (CH ) 12m NH2 HN, HN
OAS=O OAS=O
VIII XIV Cl XV N
R5 \R 4 Tetrahydroimidazoquinolines of the invention can be prepared according to Reaction Scheme VI where R,, R3, R4, and R5 are as defined above and m is 1-20.
In step (1) of Reaction Scheme VI an aminoalkyl substituted 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine of Formula XVI is reduced to provide an aminoalkyl substituted 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine of Formula XVII.
Preferably the reduction is carried out by suspending or dissolving the compound of Formula XVI in trifluoroacetic acid, adding a catalytic amount of platinum (IV) oxide, and then subjecting the mixture to hydrogen pressure. The reaction can conveniently be carried out on a Parr apparatus. The product or a salt thereof can be isolated using conventional methods.
In step (2a) of Reaction Scheme VI an aminoalkyl substituted 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine of Formula XVII is reacted to provide a compound of Formula XVIII which is a subgenus of Formula I. When R3 is hydrogen, the reaction can be carried out in one step according to the methods described in Reaction Schemes II and III above using a tetrahydroimidazoquinoline of Formula XVII in place of the imidazoquinoline of Formula VIII. When R3 is other than hydrogen, the reaction can be carried out in two steps with step one being carried out according to the methods of Reaction Schemes II and III and step two being carried out according to the method of Reaction IV using the tetrahydroimidazoquinoline analog of the imidazoquinoline. The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated using conventional methods.

In step (2b) of Reaction Scheme VI an aminoalkyl substituted 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine of Formula XVII is reacted to provide a compound of Formula XIX which is a subgenus of Formula I. The reaction can be carried out according to the method described in Reaction Scheme V using a tetrahydroimidazoquinoline of Formula XVII in place of the imidazoquinoline of Formula VIII. The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated using conventional methods.

Reaction Scheme VI

N N
\>- R

N 2a CH
\}R
2 R ( ) ( 2)m N N 2 N. O
XVIII i R S-N N P---' / (CH2) M (CH2) n1 3 0 R4 XVI NH2 XVII NH2 (2b) N
\}R2 NM

HN, O
XIX ,S,H

Tetrahydroimidazoquinolines of the invention can also be prepared according to Reaction Scheme VII where R, R2, R3, R4, R5 and n are as defined above and m is 1-20.
In step (1) of Reaction Scheme VII a 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolinyl tert-butylcarbamate of Formula XX is hydrolyzed to provide an aminoalkyl substituted 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine of Formula XXI. The reaction can be carried out dissolving the compound of Formula XX in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid and acetonitrile and stirring at ambient temperature.
Alternatively, the compound of Formula XX can be combined with dilute hydrochloric acid and heated on a steam bath. Tetrahydro-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolinyl tert-butylcarbamates of Formula XX
can be prepared using the synthetic route disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,352,784 (Nikolaides).
The product or a salt thereof can be isolated using conventional methods.
Steps (2a) and (2b) can be carried out in the same manner as in Reaction Scheme VI.

Reaction Scheme VII

N N
NH2 NH2 (2a) N\>-R2 N N N N CH
~R R
2 n ( 2)m N 2 (1) / N N. O
XXII R S' R n (CH2) M R n (CH 2) m 3 , XX HN~-- O XXI NH2 \(2b) NH

N N
~}R2 N
R n (CH2) M
HN. O
XXIII SH
IRa R/ S

Some compounds of Formula I can be readily prepared from other compounds of Formula I. For example, compounds wherein the R4 substituent contains a chloroalkyl group can be reacted with an amine to provide an R4 substituent substituted by a secondary or teriary amino group; compounds wherein the R4 substituent contains a nitro group can be reduced to provide a compound wherein the R4 substituent contains a primary amine.
As used herein, the terms "alkyl", "alkenyl", "alkynyl" and the prefix "-alk"
are inclusive of both straight chain and branched chain groups and of cyclic groups, i.e.
cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl. Unless otherwise specified, these groups contain from 1 to carbon atoms, with alkenyl and alkynyl groups containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
Preferred groups have a total of up to 10 carbon atoms. Cyclic groups can be monocyclic or polycyclic and preferably have from 3 to 10 ring carbon atoms. Exemplary cyclic groups include cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and adamantyl.
15 The term "haloalkyl" is inclusive of groups that are substituted by one or more halogen atoms, including groups wherein all of the available hydrogen atoms are replaced by halogen atoms. This is also true of groups that include the prefix "haloalk-".
Examples of suitable haloalkyl groups are chloromethyl, trifluoromethyl, and the like.
The term "aryl" as used herein includes carbocyclic aromatic rings or ring systems.
20 Examples of aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, fluorenyl and indenyl. The term "heteroaryl" includes aromatic rings or ring systems that contain at least one ring hetero atom (e.g., 0, S, N). Suitable heteroaryl groups include furyl, thienyl, pyridyl, quinolinyl, tetrazolyl, imidazo, pyrazolo, thiazolo, oxazolo, and the like.
"Heterocyclyl" includes non-aromatic rings or ring systems that contain at least one ring hetero atom (e.g., 0, S, N). Exemplary heterocyclic groups include pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, thiazolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, and the like.

Unless otherwise specified, the terms "substituted cycloalkyl", "substituted aryl", "substituted heteroaryl" and "substituted heterocyclyl" indicate that the rings or ring systems in question are further substituted by one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, hydroxy, halogen, haloalkyl, haloalkylcarbonyl, haloalkoxy (e.g., trifluoromethoxy), nitro, alkylcarbonyl, alkenylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocycloalkyl, nitrile, alkoxycarbonyl, alkanoyloxy, alkanoylthio, and in the case of cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl, oxo.
In structural formulas representing compounds of the invention certain bonds are represented by dashed lines. These lines mean that the bonds represented by the dashed line can be present or absent. Accordingly, compounds of Formula I can be either imidazoquinoline compounds or tetrahydroimidazoquinoline compounds.
The invention is inclusive of the compounds described herein in any of their pharmaceutically acceptable forms, including isomers such as diastereomers and enantiomers, salts, solvates, polymorphs, and the like.

Pharmaceutical Compositions and Biological Activity Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention contain a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
As used herein, the term "a therapeutically effective amount" means an amount of the compound sufficient to induce a therapeutic effect, such as cytokine induction, antitumor activity and/or antiviral activity. Although the exact amount of active compound used in a pharmaceutical composition of the invention will vary according to factors known to those of skill in the art, such as the physical and chemical nature of the compound as well as the nature of the carrier and the intended dosing regimen, it is anticipated that the compositions of the invention will contain sufficient active ingredient to provide a dose of about IOOng/kg to about 50mg/kg, preferably about 10pg/kg to about 5mg/kg of the compound to the subject. Any of the conventional dosage forms may be used, such as tablets, lozenges, parenteral formulations, syrups, creams, ointments, aerosol formulations, transdermal patches, transmucosal patches and the like.
The compounds of the invention have been shown to induce the production of certain cytokines in experiments performed according to the tests set forth below. These results indicate that the compounds are useful as immune response modifiers that can modulate the immune response in a number of different ways, rendering them useful in the treatment of a variety of disorders.
Cytokines that may be induced by the administration of compounds according to the invention generally include interferon-a (IFN-(x) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-(x) as well as certain interleukins (IL). Cytokines whose biosynthesis may be induced by compounds of the invention include IFN-a, TNF-a, IL-1, 6, 10 and 12, and a variety of other cytokines. Among other effects, cytokines inhibit virus production and tumor cell growth, making the compounds useful in the treatment of viral diseases and tumors.
In addition to the ability to induce the production of cytokines, the compounds of the invention affect other aspects of the innate immune response. For example, natural killer cell activity may be stimulated, an effect that may be due to cytokine induction. The compounds may also activate macrophages, which in turn stimulates secretion of nitric oxide and the production of additional cytokines. Further, the compounds may cause proliferation and differentiation of B-lymphocytes.
Compounds of the invention also have an effect on the acquired immune response.
For example, although there is not believed to be any direct effect on T cells or direct induction of T cell cytokines, the production of the T helper type 1 (Th 1) cytokine IFN-y is induced indirectly and the production of the T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 are inhibited upon administration of the compounds. This activity means that the compounds are useful in the treatment of diseases where upregulation of the Thl response and/or downregulation of the Th2 response is desired. In view of the ability of compounds of Formula la to inhibit the Th2 immune response, the compounds are expected to be useful in the treatment of atopic diseases, e.g., atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergy, and allergic rhinitis; and systemic lupus erythematosis; as a vaccine adjuvant for cell mediated immunity; and possibly as a treatment for recurrent fungal diseases and chlamydia.
The immune response modifying effects of the compounds make them useful in the treatment of a wide variety of conditions. Because of their ability to induce the production of cytokines such as IFN-a and/or TNF-a, the compounds are particularly useful in the treatment of viral diseases and tumors. This immunomodulating activity suggests that compounds of the invention are useful in treating diseases such as, but not limited to, viral diseases including genital warts; common warts; plantar warts; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Herpes Simplex Virus Type I and Type II; molluscum contagiosum; HIV;
CMV; VZV; intraepithelial neoplasias such as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; human papillomavirus (HPV) and associated neoplasias; fungal diseases, e.g. candida, aspergillus, and cryptococcal meningitis; neoplastic diseases, e.g., basal cell carcinoma, hairy cell leukemia, Kaposi's sarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, myelogenous leukemia, multiple myeloma, melanoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and other cancers; parasitic diseases, e.g. pneumocystis carnii, cryptosporidiosis, histoplasmosis, toxoplasmosis, trypanosome infection, leishmaniasis;
and bacterial infections, e.g., tuberculosis, mycobacterium avium. Additional diseases or conditions that can be treated using the compounds of the invention include eczema;
eosinophilia; essential thrombocythaemia; leprosy; multiple sclerosis; Ommen's syndrome; discoid lupus; Bowen's disease; Bowenoid papulosis; and to enhance or stimulate the healing of wounds, including chronic wounds.
Accordingly, the invention provides a method of inducing cytokine biosynthesis in an animal comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of Formula Ito the animal. An amount of a compound effective to induce cytokine biosynthesis is an amount sufficient to cause one or more cell types, such as monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and B-cells to produce an amount of one or more cytokines such as, for example, IFN-a, TNF-a, IL-1,6,10 and 12 that is increased over the background level of such cytokines. The precise amount will vary according to factors known in the art but is expected to be a dose of about 100ng/kg to about 50mg/kg, preferably about 10pg/kg to about 5mg/kg. The invention also provides a method of treating a viral infection in an animal, and a method of treating a neoplastic disease in an animal, comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of Formula Ito the animal. An amount effective to treat or inhibit a viral infection is an amount that will cause a reduction in one or more of the manifestations of viral infection, such as viral lesions, viral load, rate of virus production, and mortality as compared to untreated control animals. The precise amount will vary according to factors known in the art but is expected to be a dose of 100ng/kg to about 50mg/kg, preferably about l0pg/kg to about 5mg/kg. An amount of a compound effective to treat a neoplastic condition is an amount that will cause a reduction in tumor size or in the number of tumor foci. Again, the precise amount will vary according to factors known in the art but is expected to be a dose of about lOOng/kg to about 50mg/kg, preferably about l Ogg/kg to about 5mg/kg.
The invention is further described by the following examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not intended to be limiting in any way.

Example 1 N'-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide N N' A /
I ~
N
N
O

\
N-S
H ,i O
5-Dimethylamino-l-naphthalenesulfonyl chloride (1.82 g, 6.74 mmol) was added to a mixture of N,N-diisopropylethylamine (1.23 mL, 7.06 mmol), dichloromethane (15 mL) and 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (2.0 g, 6.42 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight.
Methanol was added to the reaction mixture until a clear solution was obtained. Silica gel was added to the reaction mixture and then the solvents were removed. The silica gel was placed in a column and then eluted with chloroform in a stepwise gradient to 9:1 chloroform: methanol. The resulting product was recrystallized from N,N-dimethylformamide and deionized water to provide 2.5 g of N'-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin- l -yl)butyl]-5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide as a yellow crystalline solid, m.p. 223 -224 C. Analysis: Calculated for C30H36N6O"S: %C, 66.15; %H, 6.66; %N, 15.43; Found: %C, 66.36; %H, 6.34; %N, 15.23.

Example 2 N'-[4-(4-Amino- lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide N N
\>
N
N
/
O
N'S \ X
H n O
A suspension of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (0.5 g, 2.0 mmol) in pyridine (250 mL) was warmed to 60 C to dissolve the amine. The solution was allowed to cool to about 30 C and then 5-dimethylamino-l-naphthalenesulfonyl chloride (0.5 g, 1.8 mmol) was slowly added. After 1 hour 0.3 g of 5-dimethylamino-l-naphthalenesulfonyl chloride was added. The reaction mixture was warmed to 60 C and maintained at that temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was recrystallized from propyl acetate to provide N'-[4-(4-amino-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide as a solid, m.p. 200-201 C.

Example 3 N2- [4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1 H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-2-thiophenesulfonamide NHZ
N N
N
NH
I
o=S=o (~S
~/
2-Thiophenesulfonyl chloride (0.3 gin 10 ml dichloromethane, 1.6 mmol) was added dropwise to a stirring solution of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-4-amine (0.5 g, 1.6 mmol), dichloromethane (40 ml), and pyridine (0.8 ml).
The reaction was maintained at room temperature for a few hours and then an additional portion of 2-thiophenesulfonyl chloride (0.1 g, 0.6 mmol) was added. The reaction was maintained overnight and then concentrated in vacuo. The resulting residue was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 9:1 dichloromethane\nethanol) and the fractions containing product were washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate.
The organic layer was dried (MgSO4), filtered, and concentrated to provide 0.2 g of N2-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-2-thiophenesulfonamide as an off white powder, m.p. 137.5-141.5 C. 'H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 8.00 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (dd, J=5.0, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (broad s, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J=8.3, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (dd, J=3.7, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (m, 1H), 7.15 (m, 1H), 6.44 (broad s, 2H), 4.47 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.87 (m, 4H), 1.80 (m, 4H), 1.58-1.38 (m, 4H), 0.96 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3H); IR (KBr) 3467, 3361, 3167, 3091, 2957, 2933, 2870, 1644, 1617, 1585, 1533, 1478, 1405, 1336, 1154, 1095, 1014, 854, 761, 733 cm'; MS (EI) m/e 457.1606 (457.1606 calcd for C22H27N502S2); Anal calcd for C27H77N502S2: C, 57.74; H, 5.95; N, 15.30. Found: C, 57.50; H, 5.98; N, 15.15.

Example 4 N-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1 H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl)butyl]
phenylmethanesulfonamide N N

NH
I
0=5=0 a-Toluenesulfonyl chloride (0.5 g in 10 ml dichloromethane, 2.7 mmol) was added dropwise to a stirring solution of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-4-amine (0.75 g, 2.4 mmol), dichloromethane (115 ml), and pyridine (1 ml). The reaction was maintained at room temperature for 4 hours and then concentrated in vacuo.
The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 9:1 dichloromethane\methanol, Rf 0.16). The fractions containing product were combined and washed with saturated aqueous bicarbonate. The organic layer was dried (MgS04), filtered, and concentrated. A final recrystallization from dichloromethane\diethyl ether provided 0.65 g of N-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-l-yl)butyl]phenylmethanesulfonamide as a white crystalline solid, m.p. 197.0-199.5 C. 'H
NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 8.02 (d, J=7.6 Hz, I H), 7.62 (dd, J=8.3, 1.1 Hz, I
H), 7.42 (dt, J=7.5, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.35-7.23 (m, 7H), 7.12 (t, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 6.46 (broad s, 2H), 4.49 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 4.29 (s, 2H), 2.91 (m, 4H), 1.83-1.42 (m, 8H), 0.96 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3H); IR
(KBr) 3460, 3293, 3226, 3158, 2955, 2931, 2867, 1632, 1586, 1534, 1482, 1437, 1389, 1331, 1152, 1094, 752, 700 cm'; MS (EI) m/e 465.2204 (465.2198 calcd for C25H31N502S); Anal calcd for C25H31N502S: C, 64.49; H, 6.71; N, 15.04. Found:
C, 64.15; H, 6.71; N, 15.00.

Example 5 N'-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-1 -benzenesulfonamide NHZ
N N
N
NH
I
0=s=0 I
/
Benzenesulfonyl chloride (0.45 ml in 10 ml dichloromethane, 3.5 mmol) was added dropwise to a stirring solution of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-4-amine (1.0 g, 3.2 mmol), dichloromethane (140 ml), and pyridine (0.8 ml).
The reaction was maintained at room temperature for four hours and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 9:1 dichloromethane\methanol, Rf 0.28) followed by recrystallization from dichloromethane\diethyl ether to provide 1.14 g of N'-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-IH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-1-benzenesulfonamide as a white powder, m.p. 75.5-79.0 C. 'H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) S 7.99 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=7.2, 2H), 7.63-7.53 (m, 5H), 7.42 (m, 1H), 7.25 (m, 1H), 6.43 (broad s, 2H), 4.45 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.87 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 2.78 (m, 2H), 1.79 (m, 4H), 1.55-1.40 (m, 4H), 0.95 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3H); MS (EI) m/e 451.2036 (451.2042 calcd for C24H29N502S); Anal calcd for C24H29N502S: C, 63.83; H, 6.47; N, 15.51. Found: C, 63.89; H, 6.42; N, 15.30.

Example 6 N-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl- 1 H-imidazo [4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]
methanesulfonamide NH, NH
I
0=5=0 Methanesulfonic anhydride (0.6 g, 3.4 mmol) was added dropwise to a stirring solution of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-4-amine (1.0 g, 3.2 mmol) and acetonitrile (200 ml). A precipitate formed within a few minutes.
The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was partitioned between dichloromethane and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate. The fractions were separated and the organic fraction was dried (MgSO4), filtered and concentrated to yield the crude product as a white solid. Recrystallization from methyl acetate provided N-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]methanesulfonamide as a white crystalline solid, m.p.
195.1-196.0 C. 'H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 8.04 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.61 (dd, J=8.3, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (dt, J=7.5, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (dt, J=7.5, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.99 (t, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 6.44 (broad s, 2H), 4.52 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 3.02-2.86 (m, 7H), 1.82 (m, 4H), 1.62 (m, 2H), 1.46 (q, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 0.96 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3H); IR (KBr) 3348, 3299, 3152, 2952, 2931, 2869, 1642, 1584, 1530, 1480, 1323, 1155, 1142, 1094, 982, 765 cm'; MS
(El) m/e 389.1889 (389.1885 calcd for C19H27N502S); Anal calcd for C19H27N502S: C, 58.59; H, 6.99; N, 17.98. Found: C, 58.26; H, 6.64; N, 17.69 Example 7 N'-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-3-nitro- l -benzenesulfonamide Hydrochloride N N
N
NH
I
0= =0 ,:O
N

According to the general method of Example 5, 3-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride and 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-4-amine were combined.
N'-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin- l-yl)butyl]-3-nitro- l-benzenesulfonamide was isolated as the hydrochloride salt (white solid), m.p.
176.0-178.2 C. 'H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 8 8.70 (very broad s, 2H), 8.49-8.42 (m, 2H), 8.21-8.17 (m, 2H), 8.06 (t, J=5.7 Hz, I H), 7.88-7.81 (m, 2H), 7.71 (t, J=7.7 Hz, I
H), 7.57 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 4.56 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.94 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 2.86 (m, 2H), 1.81 (m, 4H), 1.60-1.42 (m, 4H), 0.96 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3H); IR (KBr) 3096, 2954, 2869, 2771, 1671, 1607, 1528, 1351, 1335, 1163, 1128, 1083, 879, 758, 735, 672, 661 cm-1; MS (El) m/e 496.1897 (496.1893 calcd for C24H78N604S). Anal calcd for C24H28N604S*HC1*H2O: C, 52.31; H, 5.67; N, 15.25. Found: C, 52.26; H, 5.46; N, 15.09.

Example 8 N' -[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1 H-imidazo[4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-3-amino-l-benzenesulfonamide Hydrochloride NHZ
N N

NH
I
0=5=o 6,NH, A solution of N'-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-3-nitro- l -benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride (0.4 g) in methanol (250 ml) was charged with a catalytic amount of 10% palladium on carbon (0.085 g). The reaction was placed under an atmosphere of hydrogen (50 psi; 3.44 X 105 Pa) and shaken on a Parr apparatus for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered and the solvent removed in vacuo. The solid product was recrystallized from 2-propanol to provide 0.18 g of N'-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-l-yl)butyl]-3-amino-l-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride as an off white crystalline solid, m.p. 110.2 C (decomposition). 'H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 8.70 (very broad s, 2H), 8.22 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.83 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.72 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (t, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (t, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 6.95 (t, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (dd, J=8.0, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 5.63 (broad s, 2H), 4.56 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.96 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 2.77 (q, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (m, 4H), 1.60-1.40 (m, 4H), 0.97 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3H); IR (KBr) 3313, 3135, 2957, 2870, 2782, 1671, 1599, 1485, 1454, 1313, 1155, 1084, 754, 686 cm1; MS (El) m/e 466.2150 (466.2151 calcd for C24H30N602S). Anal calcd for C24H30N602S*HCl*0.25H20: C, 56.79; H, 6.26;
N, 16.56; Cl, 6.98. Found: C, 56.87; H, 6.22; N, 16.19; Cl, 7.22.

Example 9 N' -[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1 H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-4-nitro- l -benzenesulfonamide Hydrochloride NH, N \ CN
N
NH
I
O=S=O
O_.N=-O
According to the general method of Example 5, 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride and 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-4-amine were combined.
N'-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl- lH-imidazo [4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-4-nitro- l -benzenesulfonamide was isolated as the hydrochloride salt (white solid), m.p.
96.0 C
(decomposition). 'H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 8.70 (very broad s, 2H), 8.38-8.34 (m, 2H), 8.19 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 8.09 (t, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 8.03-7.99 (m, 2H), 7.80 (d, J=7.4 Hz, I H), 7.68 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (t, J=7.2 Hz, I H), 4.55 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.94 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 2.86 (q, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 1.80 (m, 4H), 1.58 (m, 2H), 1.45 (q, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 0.96 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3H); IR (KBr) 3283, 3100, 2957, 2870, 2782, 1670, 1606, 1528, 1347, 1311, 1162, 1092, 854, 746, 737, 686 cm'; MS (EI) m/e 496.1902 (496.1893 calcd for C24H28N604S). Anal calcd for C24H28N604S*HCl*0.85H20: C, 52.57; H, 5.64; N, 15.33.
Found: C, 52.57; H, 5.46; N, 15.33.

Example 10 N' -[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-4-amino-l-benzenesulfonamide Hydrochloride N CN
N
NH
0=5=0 /I

A solution of N'-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-4-nitro-l-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride (0.38 g) in methanol (250 ml) was charged with a catalytic amount of 10% palladium on carbon (0.085 g). The reaction was placed under an atmosphere of hydrogen (50 psi; 3.44 X 105 Pa)) and shaken on a Parr apparatus for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered and the solvent removed in vacuo. The solid product was recrystallized from 2-propanol to provide 0.34 g of Nl-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-1 H-imidazo [4, 5-c] quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-4-amino- l -benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride as an off white powder, m.p. 203.1-205.0 T. 'H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 8.65 (very broad s, 2H), 8.21(d, J=8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.82 (m, 1 H), 7.71 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.58 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.13 (t, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 5.92 (broad s, 2H), 4.55 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.96 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.70 (q, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 1.81 (m, 4H), 1.58-1.43 (m, 4H), 0.96 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3H); IR (KBr) 3430, 3316, 3215, 3046, 2955, 2868, 2679, 1671, 1594, 1334, 1157, 1091, 851, 776, 759 cm l; MS
(El) rive 466.2145 (466.2151 calcd for C24H30N602S). Anal calcd for C24H3oN602S*HCI: C, 57.30;
H, 6.21; N, 16.71. Found: C, 57.36; H, 6.31; N, 16.21.

Example 11 N5-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1 H-imidazo[4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl)butyl] -5-isoquinolinesulfonamide NH, N N

NH
I
0=5=0 \ 01~

A suspension of isoquinoline-5-sulfonyl chloride hydrochloride (0.83 g in 50 ml of pyridine, 3.1 mmol) was added dropwise to a stirring solution of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-4-amine (1.0 g, 3.2 mmol) and dichloromethane (175 ml). The solution turned a bright yellow color and was maintained at room temperature for 4 hours. An additional 0.18 g of isoquinoline-5-sulfonyl chloride hydrochloride was added and the reaction was maintained an additional 60 hours. The yellow solution was concentrated in vacuo, dissolved in dichloromethane, and washed sequentially with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and water. The organic fraction was dried (MgSO4), filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 9:1 dichloromethane\methanol) to provide 0.7 g of N5-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide as a white crystalline solid, m.p. 96.0 C (decomposition). 'H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 9.44 (d, J=0.7 Hz, 1H), 8.64(d, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 8.41-8.35 (m, 2H), 8.30 (dd, J=7.4, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.11 (t, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.92 (d, J=7.6 Hz, I H), 7.75 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J=8.3, 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.41 (dt, J=7.7, 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.22 (dt, J=7.6, 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.47 (broad s, 2H), 4.38 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.86-2.74 (m, 4H), 1.78-1.63 (m, 4H), 1.50-1.34 (m, 4H), 0.94 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3H); MS (EI) m/e 502.2151 (502.2151 calcd for C27H30N602S). Anal calcd for C27H30N602S: C, 64.52; H, 6.02; N, 16.72. Found: C, 64.03; H, 6.03; N, 16.55.

Example 12 N-[4-(4-Amino-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl]

methanesulfonamide N
N

NH
0=$=0 Methanesulfonic anhydride (0.19 g, 1.1 mmol) was added to a stirring solution of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (0.4 g, 1.07 mmol), dichloromethane (75 ml) and acetonitrile (100 ml). The reaction was maintained at room temperature for 60 hours. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 9:1 dichloromethane\methanol). The fractions containing product were combined, washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and concentrated to provide 0.3 g of N-[4-(4-amino-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl]methanesulfonamide as a white solid, m.p. 78.1-79.5 C. 'H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 7.99 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (dd, J=8.3, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (m, 1H), 7.27-7.21 (m, 3H), 6.98 (t, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 6.58 (broad s, 2H), 4.45 (broad s, 2H), 4.33 (s, 2H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 2.87 (m, 5H), 1.55 (broad s, 2H); MS (CI) m/e 454 (M+H).

Example 13 N'-[4-(4-Amino-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-y)butyl]-1-butanesulfonamide N N
\>
N

O
H

A solution of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (9.3 mg, 36 pmol) in mL of dichloromethane in a screw-capped test tube was cooled down to -5 C.
Butanesulfonyl chloride (45 pmol) was added as a 0.3 M solution in dichloromethane, with argon bubbling through the mixture during addition and for an additional 15 seconds. The mixture was allowed 5 to stand at -5 C overnight. Aminomethyl polystyrene resin (ca. 90 mg, 0.62 meq/g, 100-200 mesh, Bachem) was added and the mixture was warmed to reflux and shaken at about 600 rpm for 3 hours. The mixture was filtered through a Poly-Prep column (Bio-Rad #731-1550) to remove resin. Solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was purified by semi-preparative hplc on a Gilson system (Rainin Microsorb C 18 column, 21.4 x 250 mm, 8 micron particle size, 60A pore, 10 10 mL/min., gradient elution from 2-95% B in 25 min., hold at 95% B for 5 min., where A=0.1 %
trifluoroacetic acid/water and B=0.1% trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile, peak detection at 254 nm for triggering fraction collection). The semi-prep hplc fractions were analyzed by LC-APCI/MS
and the appropriate fractions were combined and lyophilized. The solid was dissolved in ca. 3 mL of 2:1 dichloromethane-methanol and shaken with ca. 80 mg (300 pmol) of diisopropylaminomethyl-polystyrene resin (Argonaut PS-DIEA, 3.86 mmol/g) for -2 h to liberate the free amine, and then filtered and dried in vacuo to give the product as a solid. MS (APCI) m/e 376.16 (M+H).

Example 14 N' - { 4-[4-Amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1 H-imidazo[4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl]butyl) -4-fluoro- l -benzenesulfonamide NO
N

NH
0= =0 F
According to the general method of Example 5, 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine and 4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride were combined. Recrystallization from 4:1 n-propyl acetate\nethanol provided N1 - { 4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-4-fluoro-l-benzenesulfonamide as a white crystalline solid, m.p. 191.0-193.0 C. 'H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) S 7.86-7.81 (m, 2H), 7.67 (broad s, 1H), 7.45-7.39 (m, 2H), 5.65 (broad s, 2H), 4.15 (m, 2H), 3.76 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 2H), 3.27 (s, 3H), 3.00 (t, J=6.7 Hz, 2H), 2.90 (broad s, 2H), 2.78 (m, 2H), 2.65 (broad s, 2H), 1.75 (broad s, 4H), 1.61 (m, 2H), 1.43 (m, 2H); MS (CI) m/e 476 (M+H).
Analysis:
Calculated for C23H30FN503S: %C, 58.09; %H, 6.36; %N, 14.73; Found: %C, 58.37;
%H, 6.35; %N, 14.60.

Example 15 N-[4-(4-Amino-2-phenyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-4-fluoro- l -benzenesulfonamide N NN
N

N,11 O I \\

F
Part A
A solution of benzoyl chloride (5.3 g, 37.7 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 mL) was slowly added to a solution of tert-butyl N-{4-[(3-aminoquinolin-4-yl)amino]butyl } carbamate (12.5 g, 37.7 mmol) in dichloromethane (250 mL) at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was maintained at ambient temperature overnight. The resulting precipitate was isolated by filtration and dried to provide 11.0 g of tert-butyl N -(4-{ [3-(benzoylamino)quinolin-4-yl]amino}butyl)carbamate hydrochloride as a white solid.
Part B
Triethylamine (7.26 g, 71.7 mmol) was added to a solution of the material from Part A in ethanol (200 mL) and heated at reflux for 2 days. The reaction mixture was concentrated to provide an orange syrup. HPLC mass spec analysis showed that the syrup contained the desired product and starting material. The syrup was taken up in dichloromethane (100 mL) and then cooled in an ice bath. Triethylamine (5 mL) and benzoyl chloride (1.9 mL) were added. The reaction mixture was maintained at ambient temperature for 2 days at which time analysis by HPLC indicated that the reaction was not complete. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was taken up in isopropyl alcohol (150 mL). Triethylamine (5 mL) was added and the reaction mixture was heated at reflux overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel; eluting with 10%
methanol in dichloromethane). The fractions containing product were combined and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was recrystallized from acetonitrile to provide 6.7 g of tert-butyl N-[4-(2-phenyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]carbamate as a solid, m.p. 158-159 C.
Part C
3-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid (1.05 eq of 65%) was slowly added in small portions to a solution of tert-butyl N-[4-(2-phenyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-l-yl)butyl]carbamate (6.56 g, 15.75 mmol) in dichloromethane (120 mL). After 3 hours the reaction was quenched with 1% aqueous sodium bicarbonate (200 mL). The layers were separated.
The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (2 X 50 mL). The organic fractions were combined, dried over magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under vacuum to provide a pale orange syrup. The syrup was triturated with diethyl ether to provide 6.8 g of 1-[4-(tert-butylcarbamyl)butyl]-2-phenyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-5N-oxide as a pale tan solid, m.p. 178-181 C.
Part D
A solution of 1-[4-(tert-butylcarbamyl)butyl]-2-phenyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-5N-oxide (6.8 g, 15.75 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 mL) was chilled in an ice bath. Concentrated ammonium hydroxide (30 mL) was added. Tosyl chloride (3.0 g, 15.75 mmol) was added in small portions over a period of 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature overnight. The reaction was quenched with water (350 mL). The layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane. The organic fractions were combined, dried over magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under vacuum to provide a tan solid.
This material was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel eluting with 10%
methanol in dichloromethane) to provide 4.8 g of product. The bulk of the material was carried on to the next step. A small portion was recrystallized from toluene to provide tert-butyl N-[4-(4-amino-2-phenyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]carbamate as a solid, m.p. 182-183 C. Analysis: Calculated for C25H29N502: %C, 69.58; %H, 6.77; %N, 16.22;
Found:
%C, 69.86; %H, 6.95; %N, 15.80.
Part E
The material from Part D was dissolved in methanol (15 mL) and 1 N
hydrochloric acid (100 mL) and then heated at reflux for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum to a volume of about 50 mL. Addition of concentrated ammonium hydroxide to pH 12 did not produce a precipitate. The pH was adjusted to 7 with 1 N hydrochloric acid. The mixture was extracted with dichloromethane and then with ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was concentrated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in water (50 mL) and then extracted continuously with refluxing chloroform for 36 hours. The chloroform extract was concentrated under vacuum to provide a light tan solid. This material was recrystallized from acetonitrile to provide 2.5 g of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-phenyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine as an off white solid, m.p. 175-177 C. Analysis: Calculated for C70H21N5: %C, 72.48; %H, 6.39; %N, 21.13;
Found: %C, 72.72; %H, 6.32; %N, 20.71.
Part F
1-(4-Aminobutyl)-2-phenyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (0.331 g, 1.0 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous acetonitrile (35 mL) and the solution was cooled to 4 C. A solution of 4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride (0.194 g, 1.0 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (10 mL) was slowly added. The reaction was allowed to slowly warm to ambient temperature over the weekend. The reaction was quenched by the addition of aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The layers were separated and the organic layer was concentrated to provide a pale yellow solid. This material was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol and then further purified by flash chromatography (silica gel eluting with 10% methanol in dichloromethane). The pure fractions were combined and concentrated. The residue was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol to provide 0.2 g of N-[4-(4-amino-2-phenyl-1 H-imidazo[4,5-c] quinolin- l -yl)butyl]-4-fluoro- l -benzenesulfonamide as a pale yellow solid, m.p. 214-216 C. Analysis:
Calculated for C26H24FN502S: %C, 63.79; %H, 4.94; %N, 14.30; Found: %C, 63.19; %H, 4.85; %N, 13.90. Mass spec M+l = 490.2 Example 16 N- [4-(4-Amino-2-phenyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin- I -yl)butyl]
methanesulfonamide N N
N
NH
',0 n, , Using the general method of Example 15 Part F, 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-phenyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (0.331 g, 1.0 mmol) was reacted with methanesulfonic anhydride to provide 0.14 g of N-[4-(4-Amino-2-phenyl-IH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-l-yl)butyl]methanesulfonamide as a white solid, m.p. 234-235 C. Mass spec M+1 =
410.2.

Examples 17 - 33 The compounds shown in the Table below were prepared using the synthetic method described in Reaction Scheme II above.
1-(2-Aminoethyl)-2-butyl-IH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (25 mg) was placed in a 2 dram (7.4 mL) vial. Diisopropylethylamine (11 L, 1.2 eq), dichloromethane (1 mL) and the sulfonyl chloride (1.1 eq) were added in order. The vial was placed on a shaker for about 2 hours and then on a sonicator for about 0.5 hours. The reaction mixture was allowed to stand at ambient temperature overnight and analyzed by LC/MS to confirm the formation of the desired product. The solvent was removed and the residue was purified by semi-preparative HPLC (Capcell Pak C 18 column, 35 mm x 20 mm, 5 micron particle size, 20 mL/min., gradient elution from 5-95% B in 10 min., hold at 95% B for 2 min., where A=0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid/water and B=0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile, peak detection at 254 nm for triggering fraction collection). The semi-prep HPLC fractions were analyzed by LC-APCI/MS and the appropriate fractions were combined and lyophilized to provide the trifluoroacetate salt of the desired sulfonamide.

Example # Structure of the Free Base Observed Mass 17 NH2 390.2 N N

N

O
N-S
H ,i 18 NH2 460.2 N N

N

O
H

19 NH2 430.1 N
LJ N N

js N-O
H i, 20 NH2 424.1 N N
N
j 9,01 N-H s H

21 NH2 504.0 N N

N
Br gjal N- S
H

Example # Structure of the Free Base Observed Mass 22 NH2 492.0 N N

N
CI
N-H S CI

t N ~ N
23 NH2 438.1 / N

N
H

24 NH2 534.0 N N
Br N

H
O O~

25 NH2 480.2 N N
N

N

26 NH2 466.2 N N
N

N'S
H
O

Example # Structure of the Free Base Observed Mass 27 NH2 454.1 N N

N

H

28 NH2 438.1 N N

N

O
N--"
H S

29 NH2 450.1 N N

N

N--"
H S
O
30 NH2 475.1 N N
N
N`g HS
0 N~

31 NH2 474.2 N N, N

N
H
O

Example # Structure of the Free Base Observed Mass 32 NH2 474.1 N N

N

\ \
N-S
H

33 NH2 517.2 N N

N

N
N-S
H ,i O
Example 34 N-[2-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)ethyl]
methanesulfonamide Trifluoroacetate N N, N
O

H S

This compound was prepared using the method of Examples 17 - 33 above except that 1.1 eq of methanesulfonic anhydride was used in place of the sulfonyl chloride.
(Observed Mass = 362.2) Example 35 N-[2-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)ethyl]
trifluoromethanesulfonamide Trifluoroacetate N N, N
F
O F

F

This compound was prepared using the method of Examples 17 - 33 above except that 1.1 eq of trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride was used in place of the sulfonyl chloride. (Observed Mass = 416.1) Examples 36 - 48 The compounds shown in the Table below were prepared using the synthetic method described in Reaction Scheme II above.
1-(4-Aminobutyl)-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (25 mg) was placed in a 2 dram (7.4 mL) vial. Diisopropylethylamine (14 pL, 1.0 eq), dichloromethane (1 mL) and the sulfonyl chloride (1.0 eq) were added in order. The vial was placed on a shaker for about 30 minutes at which time almost everything was in solution.
Some time later a precipitate formed. A small amount of methanol was added and the precipitate dissolved. The reaction mixture was left on the shaker for an additional hour and then it was put on a sonicator for about 0.5 hours. The reaction mixture was analyzed by LC/MS
to confirm the formation of the desired product. The solvent was removed and the residue was purified by semi-preparative HPLC (Capcell Pak C 18 column, 35 mm x 20 mm, micron particle size, 20 mL/min., gradient elution from 5-95% B in 10 min., hold at 95%
B for 2 min., where A=0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid/water and B=0.1 %
trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile, peak detection at 254 nm for triggering fraction collection). The semi-prep HPLC fractions were analyzed by LC-APCI/MS and the appropriate fractions were combined and lyophilized to provide the trifluoroacetate salt of the desired sulfonamide.

Example # Structure of Free Base Observed Mass 36 NH2 390.1 N

NL-~ N
C
O
N_"-H S

37 NH2 482.1 N N

N

O O
N
H S

38 NH2 418.1 N N
N
N-"
S

39 NH2 452.1 N N

N

N_11 H S

40 NH2 466.1 N N
N
N _'O' H S

Examples 41 - 52 The compounds shown in the Table below were prepared using the synthetic method described in Reaction Scheme II above.
1-(4-Aminobutyl)-2-butyl-IH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (25 mg) was placed in a 2 dram (7.4 mL) vial. Diisopropylethylamine (14 ML, 1.0 eq), dichloromethane (1 mL) and the sulfonyl chloride (1.0 eq) were added in order. The vial was placed on a sonicator at ambient temperature for about 60 minutes. The reaction mixture was analyzed by LC/MS to confirm the formation of the desired product. The solvent was removed and the residue was purified by semi-preparative HPLC (Capcell Pak C

column, 35 mm x 20 mm, 5 micron particle size, 20 mL/min., gradient elution from 5-95%
B in 10 min., hold at 95% B for 2 min., where A=0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid/water and B=0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile, peak detection at 254 nm for triggering fraction collection). The semi-prep HPLC fractions were analyzed by LC-APCI/MS and the appropriate fractions were combined and lyophilized to provide the trifluoroacetate salt of the desired sulfonamide.

Example # Structure of Free Base Observed Mass 41 NH2 502.1 N N

N

NO
H
O
42 NH2 502.1 N N

N

N
H S

Example # Structure of Free Base Observed Mass 43 NH2 503.2 N N

N
,-~
N-O

O N

44 NH2 458.1 N N

N

H

45 NH2 494.2 N N

N

H S
O
46 NH2 578.2 N N, N
N`0 H S

47 NH2 508.3 N N
N
L-~ N- oe H S

Example # Structure of Free Base Observed Mass 48 NH2 520.1 N N

N

CI
N`g 49 NHt 466.2 N~
~
N

O
H
O
50 NH2 478.2 N N

N

O
N --I' H S

51 NH2 418.2 N N

N
L--~ O

H u 52 NH2 560.1 N N

N
Br N_S
H S

Example 53 N- [4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1 H-imidazo [4, 5-c] quinolin-1-yl )butyl]
trifluoromethanesulfonamide Trifluoroacetate N N
N

F

O
This compound was prepared using the method of Examples 41-52 above except that 1.0 eq of trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride was used in place of the sulfonyl chloride. (Observed Mass = 444.1) Examples 54 - 71 The compounds shown in the Table below were prepared using the synthetic method described in Reaction Scheme IV above.
Part A
A catalytic amount of platinum (IV) oxide was added to a solution of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (2.75 g, 10.8 mmol) in trifluoroacetic acid (150 mL). The reaction mixture was placed under a hydrogen atmosphere at 50 psi (3.44 X 105 Pa). After 1 week analysis by mass spectroscopy indicated the presence of both starting material and the tetrahydro product. Fresh catalyst was added to the reaction mixture and hydrogenation was continued at 50 psi (3.44 X 105 Pa). After 2 weeks the reaction mixture was filtered to remove the catalyst. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was dissolved in IN hydrochloric acid (120 mL) and the solution was stirred at ambient temperature for 1 hour. The solution was made basic (pH
10) by the addition of 50% sodium hydroxide and then extracted with dichloromethane (5 X 100 mL). The extracts were combined and concentrated under vacuum to provide 2.08 g of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine as a white solid.
Part B
1-(4-Aminobutyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (25 mg) was placed in a 2 dram (7.4 mL) vial. Diisopropylethylamine (11 L, 1.2 eq), dichloromethane (1 mL) and the sulfonyl chloride (1.1 eq) were added in order.
The vial was placed on a shaker for about 6 hours. The reaction mixture was allowed to stand at ambient temperature overnight and was analyzed by LC/MS to confirm the formation of the desired product. The solvent was removed and the residue was purified by semi-preparative HPLC (Capcell Pak C18 column, 35 mm x 20 mm, 5 micron particle size, 20 mL/min., gradient elution from 5-95% B in 10 min., hold at 95% B for 2 min., where A=0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid/water and B=0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile, peak detection at 254 nm for triggering fraction collection). The semi-prep HPLC
fractions were analyzed by LC-APCVMS and the appropriate fractions were combined and lyophilized to provide the trifluoroacetate salt of the desired sulfonamide.
Example # Structure of Free Base Observed Mass 54 NH2 366.2 N N
\>
N

H'S
__\/ 11 55 NH2 366.1 N N
\>
N

N-56 NH2 436.2 N N
\>
N
O
N-H O

Example # Structure of Free Base Observed Mass 57 NH2 406.1 N N
\>
N

S \
N-S
H S

58 NH2 400.1 N N
\>
N

\
S
H II
O
59 NH2 434.0 N N
\>
N

O ' CI
N'S \ 0 H n O
60 NH2 468.0 N N
\>
N

O ' CI

\
H n Example # Structure of Free Base Observed Mass 61 NH2 526.0 N N
\>
N

O
N'S

62 NH2 456.1 N N
\'>
N

O
N'S 11 \
H 1, N N
\>
N

O
N'S \ 11 H n O

N N
\>

N`11 \
H ,1 Example # Structure of Free Base Observed Mass N N
\>
N

O a-0 N
'S H ,1 66 NH2 508.0 N N
j \>
N
Br N'S \ 0 H u O O

67 NH2 414.1 N N
j \>
N
O
n H
O
68 NH2 426.1 N N
\>
N

O
H' Example # Structure of Free Base Observed Mass 69 NH2 451.1 N N
\>
N

O
H ,1 N-S--' O N~

70 NH2 450.1 N N
\>
N

O

H
71 NH2 493.1 N N
\>
N

O
'S
H
O~ N

Example 72 N-[4-(4-Amino-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1 H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl)butyl]
methanesulfonamide Trifluoroacetate N N
\>
N
O
N_S-H n This compound was prepared using the method of Examples 54 - 71 above except that 1.1 eq of methanesulfonic anhydride was used in place of the sulfonyl chloride.
(Observed Mass = 338.2) Examples 73 - 201 The compounds in the table below were prepared according the synthetic method of Reaction Scheme II above using the following general method.
The 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (50 mg) was placed in a 2 dram (7.4 mL) vial. Diisopropylethylamine (1.2 eq) in dichloromethane (-.1 mL) was added. A
solution containing the sulfonyl chloride (1.1 eq) in dichloromethane (-1 mL) was added. The vial was placed on a shaker for about 2 - 16 (usually 2) hours at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was analyzed by LC/MS to confirm the formation of the desired product.
The solvent was removed and the residue was purified by semi-preparative HPLC
(Capcell Pak C18 column, 35 mm x 20 mm, 5 micron particle size, 20 mL/min., gradient elution from 5-95% B in 10 min., hold at 95% B for 2 min., where A=0.1 %
trifluoroacetic acid/water and B=0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile, peak detection at 254 nm for triggering fraction collection). The semi-prep HPLC fractions were analyzed by LC-APCI/MS and the appropriate fractions were combined and lyophilized to provide the trifluoroacetate salt of the desired sulfonamide.

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 73 NH2 CH3 526.2 N
N
N

O
'--~ I I
N-S
H O O

H
74 NH2 CH3 432.2 N N~

N

O
n H S-\
it 75 NH2 CH3 600.3 N
N
N
\-~ 0 N-S
H Q

76 NH2 CH3 578.2 H3O C.

N-S
H ~~ -77 NH2 /CH3 530.1 N
N
N
H3CfO
O S NH
H_S YN
O

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 78 NH2 CH3 530, 532.0 NN N
N

O
H S Q
Br 79 NH2 CH3 565.0 N JN
\Y
N

N-8 ~ ~ F F

H O
F
O=N+

80 NH2 CH3 520.1 N N
I
N

F F

81 NH2 CH3 512.1 N N~

I, o O PH

O
82 NH2 CH3 452.1 N\
N

O
H-S~
O
CI

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 83 NH2 CH3 497.1 N N
N

O
N-S

O
N-O
O

84 NH2 CH3 496.1 N N
N

~ ~ OH
H-S
O O

85 NH2 CH3 536.1 N
N ~
N

O - F' F
F
H-S i O
86 NH2 CH3 531.0, 533.0 N
N J
~ N

H-S CI
O
N O
O

87 NH2 CHs 470.1 N N
I ~
a N

N-S & F
O

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 88 NH2 CH3 497.1 N
N
I
N

O
H O O

89 NH2 CH3 526.2 NN N
N

O
H-S = O
O
HC

H
90 NH2 CH3 542.0 N N~
N

"-~ F F
-S
H F
F F

91 NH2 CH3 536.1 N N~
N

O
N-S Q
O

F

92 NH2 CH3 520.0, 522.0 N JN
\Y

N-S CI
H O -CI

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 93 NH2 CH3 488.1 N
N
~ N
F
O
N-S p____ H 1 94 NH2 CH3 471.1 N
N
O Fi3C

N-S O
H I N

95 NH2 CH3 470.1 N N
N

H S /
F
96 NH2 CH3 528.1 N N
N
'*-~ O
H p / /

97 NH2 CH3 511.1 N
N
N

O

O
,N-O-Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 98 NH2 CH3 508.1 N N~

O
N-S

-O

99 NH2 CH3 537.9 N N
N
O

O S Br 100 NH2 CH3 516.0, 518.0 N

N

O
H-S
O\ /

101 NH2 CH3 492.0, 494.0 N
N
I
N

N-S a~/Jj H O C
I
102 NH2 CH3 603.1 N N, F
F
N\ F
O
N

N-S
Ho -Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 103 NH2 CH3 520.1 N
N
N

O
N-S ~ /
F F

104 NH2 CH3 482.1 N N
N

O
H-S /
O
-,~
O

105 NH2 CH3 560.0, 562 N N

N

O O.CH3 N-HO

Br 106 NH2 CH3 484.1 N
N
N

O F
N-S /

O -107 NH2 CH3 522.1 N N~

- 0 3v CH3 I I

O

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 108 NH2 CH3 364.1 N N O-j N

N

109 NH2 O H3 432.0 O

651zH-S J
O
110 NH2 CH3 519.1 / \ N3 HS / \CH3 11 O
111 NH2 CH3 392.2 N NO

N

N
-S-CH, 112 NH2 CH3 460.1 N
>
N\r N-S

O

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 113 NH2 cH3 468.2 N NO
N
N_u H is 114 NH, CH3 547.3 N NO

O

/ N\

115 NH2 cH3 406.1 N NO

N

O
H (=0 116 NH2 CH3 420.1 N -- NO
N

O
HS=O

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 117 NH2 CH3 434.1 N I NO
N

O
H-S=0 118 NH2 CH3 454.1 N NO

N

O
H'S=0 CI
119 NH2 CH3 468.1 N NO
N

O

120 NH2 CH3 472.1 N NO

N
\-~ O F
N, ~~
H O

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 121 NH2 CH3 472.1 N I NO
N

O
H S=

F

122 NH2 CH3 472.1 N NO

N

O
N

F
123 NH2 CH3 473.1 N N--O
N
\--~ O
n N

124 NH2 CH3 484.1 N Nr-O

N

"0 O-CH3 H
- _0 O

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 125 NH2 CH3 484.1 N NO
N

O
H S=0 0 .

126 NH2 CH3 488.1 N NO
I
N
c \-~ O

i CI \ ' 127 NH2 CH3 488.1 N

O
N S=0 CI H

128 NH2 CH3 488.0 N NO

N

O
H S=0 CI

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 129 NH2 CH3 490.1 N NO
N
\-~ O
H S-F

130 NH2 CH3 490.1 N NO

N

F
O
N_ ~~
H O

F
131 NH2 CH3 494.0 N NJ>

N
\-~ O
H-IS \S/ CI
O

132 NH2 CH3 496.2 N NO

N

O
H S:~O

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 133 NH2 CH3 496.1 N N_ O
N

O
HS=O

134 NH2 cH3 496.2 N NO

N

O

iCH3 135 NH2 CH3 499.1 N NO

N

O
N-S=0 O ' N+ \
O

136 NH2 cH3 499.1 N NO

N
\-~ O
H S=0 Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 137 NH2 CH3 508.1 N C NO
N

O
I I
H' S;0 F
F
F
138 NHz CH3 513.1 N O
N I ~
N

O
H ,S 0 O N=0 139 NH2 cH3 514.1 NN O

N

O
n O HAS=O
H3C- t O

140 NH2 CH3 514.1 N I NO
N

O
H-S=0 H3C,0 0, Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 141 NH2 CH3 518.0 N N~O
I ~
N
O
H'o' S
O

142 NH2 CH3 522.1 N NO

N
\-~ O
H'S=O
F
F I
F

143 NH2 CH3 522.0, 524.0 N NJ-O

N

O
H O CI
CI

144 NH2 CH3 522.0, 524.0 N NO

N

CI
N- I
H O O
CI

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 145 NH2 CH3 522.0, 524.0 N NO C N

O
H'S-CI ' CI
146 NH2 CH3 522.0, 524.0 X5c>r0 '-~ O
CI
CII
147 NH2 CH3 522.0, 524.0 N NO

N
\-~ O
N' S=O
CI
CI
148 NH2 CH3 528.2 N LrN r0 N
\-~ N- ~sC CH3 HS-,,, AO

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 149 NH2 cH3 528.0, 530.0 N NO
~
N

N O S CI
H O
CI
S NO N
150 NH2 cH3 528.0, 530.0 CI
O
N S S
H O
CI
151 NH2 cH3 532, 534.0 N NO

N

O
S=0 N
Br H
i 152 NH2 cH3 532, 534.0 N NO
I ~
N
c \-~ O
H S=0 Br Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 153 NHz cH3 538.1 N NO
N

O
H`~S -0 O

F ~F
F

154 NHz CH3 538.1 N
\-~
N- O FXF
HO O F

155 NHz cH3 538, 540.0 N N~-O
I
N

O
H-S \S/ Br O

156 NHz cH3 580.0 )NO
~
N

O
H-g 0 Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS mle 157 NH2 CH3 605.1 N
C N r0 N

H O
N D F

O F
F
158 NH2 CH3 454.2 N NO
N

O
H- S=

159 NH2 CH3 468.2 NN O

N

O
H-S;

160 NH2 CH3 479.2 N N

N

O
- I/
N S
HO

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 161 NH2 CH3 532.2 N N

N

O
N'S / It H It O ,S-CH3 162 NH2 CH3 479.1 N N= O
N

O
H'S;O

N

163 NH2 CH3 486.1 N NO

N

O C
N_ ~~
H O

F
164 NH2 cH3 490.2 N NO

N
\-~ O
HS=O

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 165 NH2 CH3 498.1 N NO
N

O

166 NH2 CH3 498.1 N

H3C'O
O

H ~S CH3 O

167 NH2 cH3 502.1 N N~O

N

Nn HO
168 NH2 CH3 502.1 N NO

N
\-~ O
N-S=0 CI H

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 169 NH2 CH3 504.2 N NO
N

O
N--n H O

170 NHz cH3 504.1 N

O
N-S
H / /

171 NH2 cH3 505.2 N NO

N

O
H-S;O
~ J_N

172 NH2 CH3 506.1 N NO
~
N

O CI
N-H
S
Hp F

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 173 NH2 CH3 506.2 N NO
N

CI
F
174 NH2 CH3 506.2 N NO

N

O
n N-S=O

CI
N-N

175 NH2 CH3 510.3 N NO
1 ~
N
\-~ O
H-S=O

176 NH2 CH3 510.2 )CN\J0 N

O
H S=O

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 177 NH2 CH3 513.2 N NN N

O
n N'S=

c t NCO
O

178 NHz CH3 513.2 N NO
~
N
O
O N=0 N- L~
H S

179 NHz CH3 513.2 N
N

N

N_O P
Hp =0 180 NH2 CH3 524.2 O
n H3N`S=0 i Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 181 NH2 CH3 526.2 N N

N

(43C CH3 N-n 182 NH2 CH3 530.2 N N

N

NS
HO /

183 NH2 CH3 532.2 N NO

N

O
n N S=0 H3C` H,( N~S
O:NH

184 NH2 CH3 534.1 N NO
N

O Br H S
O

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 185 NH2 CH3 533.1 N NO
N

O
H-S=O
0; N+-186 NH2 cH3 536.1, 538.1 N
N

N

H S
O CI

187 NH2 cH3 544.1 N NO
N
Q

\-~ O
H S..0 F
F
F /
F
F

188 NH2 CH3 546.3 N N_O
N

O
H S=0 Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 189 NH2 cH3 556, 558.1 N NO
N

\-~ O
H S=0 CI
CI
CI
190 NH2 CH3 556, 558.1 N

H ~S
O CI
CI

191 NH2 OH3 556, 558.1 XcI0 ~
N

O
H-S=0 I \ CI
CI
CI

192 NH2 cH3 562, 564.1 N NO

N
,CH3 n H O
Br Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 193 NH2 CH3 567.2 N N

N

O-N

F
HO F
F

194 NH2 CH3 580.3 N NO

N

H S=O CH3 195 NH2 CH3 593.2 N NO C N

\-~ O
H-S=O
S

HN
O
196 NH2 CH3 606.0, 608.0, N N O
609.9 N

CI
N-Sly_ S
H O
CI
Br Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 197 NH2 CH3 610.0, 612.0, 614.0 N

O
N-..0 Br Br 198 NH2 CH3 616, 618.1 N NO

N
\--~ O
F H'S`0 F O F

Br 199 NH2 CH3 616.0, 617.9, N N 620.0 N~~-O
H-S=O
S

Br Br 200 NH2 CH3 528.3 N NO
L N

O
H_S NO

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 201 O-CH3 522.2 NHz N N
N
O S
H-S J
O

Examples 202 - 213 The examples in the table below were prepared according to the synthetic method of Reaction Scheme VI above.
Part A
The tetrahydroquinoline amine starting materials were prepared as follows.
A catalytic amount of platinum (IV) oxide was added to a solution of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-butyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (2.2 g, 7.06 mmol) in trifluoroacetic acid (200 mL). The reaction mixture was hydrogenated at 50 psi (3.44 X
105 Pa) on a Parr apparatus for 6 days.. The reaction mixture was filtered to remove the catalyst and the filtrate was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was combined with 1 N hydrochloric acid (100 mL) and heated on a steam bath for 2 hours. The mixture was cooled, made basic with ammonium hydroxide and then extracted with dichloromethane.
The extract was concentrated under vacuum to provide of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-butyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro -1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine as a solid, m.p. 63-67 C
A catalytic amount of platinum (IV) oxide was added to a solution of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-methoxyethyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (7.7 g, 24.5 mmol) in trifluoroacetic acid (250 mL). The reaction mixture was hydrogenated at 50 psi (3.44 X
105 Pa) on a Parr apparatus. The progress of the reaction was monitored by LC/MS.
Additional catalyst was added 7, 11, and 17 days after the start of the reaction. After 25 days the reaction was complete. The reaction mixture was filtered through a layer of Celite filter aid to remove the catalyst and the filtrate was concentrated under vacuum.
The residue was combined with 1 N hydrochloric acid (100 mL) and stirred overnight.
The mixture was made basic (pH = 11) with ammonium hydroxide and then extracted with dichloromethane (3 X 300 mL). The extracts were combined and concentrated under vacuum to provide 3.5 g of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-2-methoxyethyl-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine as a solid.
Part B
The tetrahydroimidazoquinoline amines from Part A were reacted with the appropriate sulfonyl chloride using the method of Examples 73 - 201 above to provide the desired sulfonamide.

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 202 NH2 CH3 394.20 N N
N

O

O

203 NH2 CH3 422.1 N N
N, N-S-( H p CH3 204 NH2 CH3 462.1 N"

O S
H-S \
O

205 NH2 CH3 470.1 N N
\

O
N-S

\

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 206 NHz CH3 549.2 N N-N\Y

O

N

207 NHz cH3 410.2 N NJO

N

O
N-`CH3 208 NHz cH3 424.2 N NO

N

O
N-S=O

209 NHz CH3 438.2 N NO
N

O
H S=0 Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 210 NH2 CH3 458.1 N NO
N
,--~ O
H`S=

211 NH2 CH3 472.2 N NO

N
\-~ N- ~
H IS

212 NHz CH3 532.2 N N-O
I
N

N- ~9 CH3 H O

O ~

213 NH2 CH3 551.2 NO
~
6[N
~_~ O
N- ii H O

Example 214 N- [4- (4-Amino-6,7, 8, 9-tetrahydro-2-(2-methoxyethyl )-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]methanesulfonamide Trifluoroacetat O
N=%-H S

This compound was prepare using the method of Examples 202 - 213 above except that methanesulfonic anhydride was used in place of the sulfonyl chloride.

Example 215 N-[4-(4-Amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin- l -yl)butyl]-N-methyl-3,5-dimethylisooxazolo-4-sulfonamide Trifluoroacetate N
N x>O 11 N

O
N-~ I iN
S
O
Part A
Using the general method of Example D0001, 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine was reacted with 3,5-dimethyloxazole-4-sulfonyl chloride to provide N-[4-(4-amino -2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl] -3,5-dimethylisooxazolo-4-sulfonamide trifluoroacetate.
Part B
Sodium hydride (5.8 mg) was added to a solution of the material from Part A
(25.4 mg) in dimethylformamide. lodomethane (3.2 L) was added and the reaction mixture was shaken at ambient temperature for 2 hours.. The reaction mixture was analyzed by LC/MS to confirm the formation of the desired product. The solvent was removed and the residue was purified by semi-preparative HPLC (Capcell Pak C 18 column, 35 mm x 20 mm, 5 micron particle size, 20 mL/min., gradient elution from 5-95% B in 10 min., hold at 95% B for 2 min., where A=0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid/water and B=0.1 %
trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile, peak detection at 254 nm for triggering fraction collection). The semi-prep HPLC fractions were analyzed by LC-APCI/MS and the appropriate fractions were combined and lyophilized. The lyophilized material was purified a second time by semi-preparative HPLC using the same conditions except that the gradient elution from 5-95%
B was run for 60 minutes instead of 10 minutes. The semi-prep HPLC fractions were analyzed by LC-APCI/MS and the appropriate fractions were combined and lyophilized to provide the trifluoroacetate salt of the desired amide.
Example 216 N-[4-(4-Amino -2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methyltrifluoromethanesulfonamide Trifluoroacetate N
N j \>O
N

OFF
EN'S F

This compound was prepared using the general method of Example 215 above, except that trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride was used in place of the sulfonyl chloride in Part A.
Examples 217 - 221 The examples in the table below were prepare using the following general method.
The 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine or the 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (50 mg) was placed in a 2 dram (7.4 mL) vial.
Dichloromethane (2 mL) and diisopropylethylamine (1.2 eq) were added. Dimethylsulfamoyl chloride (1.1 eq) was added. The vial was placed on a shaker for about 2 - 4 hours at ambient temperature.
The reaction mixture was analyzed by LC/MS to confirm the formation of the desired product. The solvent was removed and the residue was purified by semi-preparative HPLC
(Capcell Pak C 18 column, 35 mm x 20 mm, 5 micron particle size, 20 ml-/min., gradient elution from 5-95% B in 10 min., hold at 95% B for 2 min., where A=0.1 %
trifluoroacetic acid/water and B=0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile, peak detection at 254 nm for triggering fraction collection). The semi-prep HPLC fractions were analyzed by LC-APCI/MS and the appropriate fractions were combined and lyophilized to provide the trifluoroacetate salt of the desired sulfamide.

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 217 NH2 J H3 393.1 N L N O
N

N-S-N
H p C%

218 NH2 CH3 421.2 N>O
N
N

N-S-N
H 11 `

219 O-CH3 483.3 N N
I "_O
N

O CH

H 0 11 %

220 NH2 CH3 423.2 N N. f N

11 , CH3 N-S-N
H O 'CH3 Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 221 NH2 cH3 425.1 N N_O
N

\_~ O
n H-S;O

H3C'N,CH

Examples 222 - 228 The examples in the table below were prepared according to the synthetic method shown in Reaction Scheme V above.
1-(4-Aminobutyl)-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine (50 mg) was placed in a 2 dram (7.4 mL) vial. 4-(Dimethylamino)pyridine (19 mg, 1.0 eq) and dichloromethane (800 L) were added. The vial was sealed and cooled to -78 C in a dry ice/acetone bath. Sulfuryl chloride (186 pL of 1 M in dichloromethane) was added.
The vial was put on a shaker for about 30 minutes and then cooled back down to -78 C. A
separate vial was charged with the amine of formula R4R5NH (2.0 eq), triethylamine (2.0 eq) and dichloromethane (1 mL) and cooled to -78 C. The amine/triethylamine solution was added to the first vial. The vial was placed on a shaker at ambient temperature for about 1 hour. The reaction mixture was analyzed by LC/MS to confirm the formation of the desired product. The solvent was removed and the residue was purified by semi-preparative HPLC (Capcell Pak C 18 column, 35 mm x 20 mm, 5 micron particle size, 20 mL/min., gradient elution from 5-95% B in 10 min., hold at 95% B for 2 min., where A=0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid/water and B=0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile, peak detection at 254 nm for triggering fraction collection). The semi-prep HPLC
fractions were analyzed by LC-APCUMS and the appropriate fractions were combined and lyophilized to provide the trifluoroacetate salt of the desired sulfamide.

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 222 NH2 CH3 449.2 N
N

N

N- 11, O
HNI

223 NH2 CH3 475.3 N

N_OS' :O
H i 224 NH2 CH3 469.1 N
NO
N

N_1;
H SO
HN

225 NH2 CH3 490.2 N NO

N

N, SO' O
H N
CN

226 NH2 CH3 497.1 N NO

N

N_g-O

227 NH2 cH3 533.2 N NO

N

N_~:O
H Si N
Y-228 NH2 cH3 479.1 N NO C N

N_~:O
H , CN) S
Examples 229 - 231 The examples in the table below were prepared using the method of Examples 222 - 228 above except that the amine of formula R4R5NH was reacted with the sulfuryl chloride to provide the sulfamoyl chloride intermediate which was then reacted with 2.0 eq of 1-(4-aminobutyl)-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine.

Example # Structure of the Free Base APCI-MS m/e 229 NH2 CH3 447.1 N NO
N
N_~:O
N

230 NH2 CH3 449.2 N N

N

O
N_S:O

HHN i 231 NH2 CH3 483.2 N NO

N
\-~
N_101.
[O
HN

CYTOKINE INDUCTION IN HUMAN CELLS
An in vitro human blood cell system was used to assess cytokine induction by compounds of the invention. Activity is based on the measurement of interferon and tumor necrosis factor (a) (IFN and TNF, respectively) secreted into culture media as described by Testerman et. al. In "Cytokine Induction by the Immunomodulators Imiquimod and S-27609", Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 58, 365-372 (September, 1995).

Blood Cell Preparation for Culture Whole blood is collected by venipuncture into EDTA vacutainer tubes from healthy human donors. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are separated from whole blood by density gradient centrifugation using Histopaque -1077 (Sigma Chemicals, St. Louis, MO). The PBMCs are suspended at 3-4 x 106 cells/mL in RPMI
1640 medium containing 10 % fetal bovine serum, 2 mM L-glutamine and I%
penicillin/streptomycin solution (RPMI complete). The PBMC suspension is added to 48 well flat bottom sterile tissue culture plates (Costar, Cambridge, MA or Becton Dickinson Labware, Lincoln Park, NJ) containing an equal volume of RPMI complete media containing test compound.
Compound Preparation The compounds are solubilized in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The DMSO
concentration should not exceed a final concentration of 1 % for addition to the culture wells.

Incubation The solution of test compound is added at 60 pM to the first well containing RPMI
complete and serial (three fold or ten fold) dilutions are made. The PBMC
suspension is then added to the wells in an equal volume, bringing the test compound concentrations to the desired range. The final concentration of PBMC suspension is 1.5-2 X 106 cells/mL.
The plates are covered with sterile plastic lids, mixed gently and then incubated for 18 to 24 hours at 37 C in a 5% carbon dioxide atmosphere.

Separation Following incubation the plates are centrifuged for 5-10 minutes at 1000 rpm (-200 x g) at 4 C. The cell culture supernatant is removed with a sterile polypropylene pipet and transferred to sterile polypropylene tubes. Samples are maintained at -30 to -70 C until analysis. The samples are analyzed for interferon (a) and tumor necrosis factor (a) by ELISA

Interferon (a) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (a) Analysis by ELISA
Interferon (a) concentration is determined by ELISA using a Human Multi-Species kit from PBL Biomedical Laboratories, New Brunswick, NJ.
Tumor necrosis factor (a) (TNF)concentration is determined using ELISA kits available from Genzyme, Cambridge, MA; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN; or Pharmingen, San Diego, CA.
The table below lists the lowest concentration found to induce interferon and the lowest concentration found to induce tumor necrosis factor for each compound.
A "**"
indicates that no induction was seen at any of the tested concentrations (0.12, 0.37, 1.11, 3.33, 10 and 30 M). A "***" indicates that no induction was seen at any of the tested concentrations (0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 M).

Cytokine Induction in Human Cells Example Lowest Effective Concentration ( M) Number Interferon Tumor Necrosis Factor 1 0.12 3.33 2 ** **
3 0.01 6 0.00017 1.11 7 0.01 9 0.04 11 0.01 1.11 13 10 **
17 1.11 3.33 18 3.33 **
19 0.12 3.33 0.12 3.33 21 1.11 30 22 0.37 23 0.12 10 24 0.12 30 Cytokine Induction in Human Cells Example Lowest Effective Concentration (pM) Number Interferon Tumor Necrosis Factor 25 3.33 **
26 10 **
27 1.11 30 28 1.11 30 29 0.37 10 30 1.11 **
31 1.11 **
32 1.11 **
33 1.11 10 34 0.04 0.37 35 1.11 10 36 0.0015 3.33 37 0.01 1.11 38 0.0015 0.37 40 0.0015 3.33 41 0.01 **
42 0.01 43 0.04 44 0.0015 1.11 45 0.37 46 0.37 47 0.37 48 0.37 10 50 0.12 **
51 0.0015 0.37 52 0.12 10 53 0.01 3.33 54 10 **

Cytokine Induction in Human Cells Example Lowest Effective Concentration (MM) Number Interferon Tumor Necrosis Factor 55 3.33 **
56 ** **
57 3.33 **
58 3.33 **
59 3.33 **
60 ** **
61 3.33 **
62 ** **
63 ** **
64 3.33 **
65 3.33 **
66 ** 30 67 10 **
68 10 **
69 10 **
70 ** **
71 ** 30 72 3.33 **
73 0.001 0.1 74 0.001 0.01 75 *** ***
76 *** ***
77 0.001 1 78 0.001 0.1 79 0.01 1 81 0.001 1 82 0.001 1 Cytokine Induction in Human Cells Example Lowest Effective Concentration ( M) Number Interferon Tumor Necrosis Factor 83 0.001 1 85 1 ***
86 0.01 1 87 0.001 1 88 0.01 1 89 0.001 1 90 0.01 1 91 0.01 1 92 0.1 10 93 0.001 0.1 94 0.001 1 95 0.001 1 96 1 ***
97 0.1 10 98 1 ***
99 0.1 10 100 0.01 10 101 0.01 10 102 0.001 10 103 0.1 10 104 0.01 ***

107 1 ***
108 0.1 10 110 10 ***

Cytokine Induction in Human Cells Example Lowest Effective Concentration (pM) Number Interferon Tumor Necrosis Factor 111 0.001 10 112 0.0001 113 0.0001 ***
114 0.01 ***
116 0.001 1 117 0.0001 1 120 0.0001 1 121 0.0001 10 122 0.0001 1 123 0.0001 10 127 0.0001 10 128 0.0001 1 131 0.0001 1 138 0.0001 10 148 0.0001 1 152 0.0001 10 154 0.001 10 158 0.0001 1 159 0.0001 0.1 160 0.001 1 161 0.01 10 184 0.0001 1 200 0.01 0.1 202 0.0001 1 203 0.0001 1 204 0.0001 1 205 0.0001 1 206 1 ***

Cytokine Induction in Human Cells Example Lowest Effective Concentration ( M) Number Interferon Tumor Necrosis Factor 207 0.001 1 208 0.0001 1 209 0.0001 0.1 210 0.0001 1 211 0.0001 1 212 0.0001 0.01 213 0.0001 1 214 0.01 10 215 0.01 1 217 1 ***
218 0.0001 1 220 0.0001 1 221 0.0001 1 224 0.0001 10 226 0.0001 0.1 227 0.001 229 0.0001 0.1 230 0.0001 1 231 0.0001 1 The present invention has been described with reference to several embodiments thereof. The foregoing detailed description and examples have been provided for clarity of understanding only, and no unnecessary limitations are to be understood therefrom. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many changes can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Thus, the scope of the invention should not be limited to the exact details of the compositions and structures described herein, but rather by the language of the claims that follow.

Claims (31)

1. A compound of the formula (I):

wherein the dashed lines are optional bonds;

R1 is -alkyl-NR3-SO2-X-R4 or -alkenyl-NR3-SO2-X-R4;
X is a bond or -NR5-;
R4 is aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl or alkenyl, each of which may be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of:
-alkyl;
-alkenyl;
-aryl;
-heteroaryl;
-heterocyclyl;
-substituted cycloalkyl;
-substituted aryl;
-substituted heteroaryl;
-substituted heterocyclyl;
-O-alkyl;
-O-(alkyl)0-1-aryl;
-O-(alkyl)0-1-substituted aryl;

-O-(alkyl)0-1-heteroaryl;
-O-(alkyl)0-1-substituted heteroaryl;
-O-(alkyl)0-1-heterocyclyl;
-O-(alkyl)0-1-substituted heterocyclyl;
-COOH;
-CO-O-alkyl;
-CO-alkyl;
-S(O)0-2-alkyl;
-S(O)0-2-(alkyl)0-1-aryl;
-S(O)0-2-(alkyl)0-1-substituted aryl;
-S(O)0-2-(alkyl)0-1-heteroaryl;
-S(O)0-2-(alkyl)0-1-substituted heteroaryl;
-S(O)0-2-(alkyl)0-1-heterocyclyl;
-S(O)0-2-(alkyl)0-1-substituted heterocyclyl;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3R3;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3-CO-O-alkyl;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3-CO-alkyl;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3-CO-aryl;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3-CO-substituted aryl;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3-CO-heteroaryl;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3-CO-substituted heteroaryl;
-N3;
-halogen;
-haloalkyl;
-haloalkoxy;
-CO-haloalkyl;
-CO-haloalkoxy;
-NO2;
-CN;
-OH;
-SH; and in the case of alkyl, alkenyl, or heterocyclyl, oxo;

R2 is selected from the group consisting of:
-hydrogen;
-alkyl;
-alkenyl;
-aryl;
-substituted aryl;
-heteroaryl;
-substituted heteroaryl;
- alkyl-O-alkyl;
- alkyl-O- alkenyl; and - alkyl or alkenyl substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of:
-OH;
-halogen;
-N(R3)2;
-CO-N(R3)2;
-CO-C1-10 alkyl;
-CO-O-C1-10 alkyl;
-N3;
-aryl;
-substituted aryl;
-heteroaryl;
-substituted heteroaryl;
-heterocyclyl;
-substituted heterocyclyl;
-CO-aryl;
-CO-(substituted aryl);
-CO-heteroaryl; and -CO-(substituted heteroaryl);
each R3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C1-alkyl;

R5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C1-10 alkyl, or R4 and R5 can combine to form together with the atoms to which they are attached, a 3 to membered heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic ring;

n is 0 to 4 and each R present is independently selected from the group consisting of C1-10 alkyl, C1-10 alkoxy, halogen and trifluoromethyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

2. A compound of claim 1 wherein X is a bond.

3. A compound of claim 2 wherein n is 0.

4. A compound of claim 2 wherein each R3 is hydrogen.

5. A compound of claim 2 wherein Ri is -(CH2)2-4-NR3-SO2-R4.

6. A compound of claim 2 wherein R4 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl and heteroaryl that may be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of:
-alkyl;
-alkenyl;
-aryl;
-heteroaryl;
-heterocyclyl;
-substituted aryl;
-substituted heteroaryl;
-substituted heterocyclyl;
-O-alkyl;
-O-(alkyl)0-1-aryl;
-O-(alkyl)0-1 -substituted aryl;
-O-(alkyl)0-1-heteroaryl;
-O-(alkyl)0-1-substituted heteroaryl;
-O-(alkyl)0-1-heterocyclyl;
-O-(alkyl)0-1-substituted heterocyclyl;

-COOH;
-CO-O-alkyl;
-CO-alkyl;
-S(O)0-2-alkyl;
-S(O)0-2-(alkyl)0-1-aryl;
-S(O)0-2-(alkyl)0-1-substituted aryl;
-S(O)0-2-(alkyl)0-1-heteroaryl;
-S(O)0-2-(alkyl)0-1-substituted heteroaryl;
-S(O)0-2-(alkyl)0-1-heterocyclyl;
-S(O)0-2-(alkyl)0-1-substituted heterocyclyl;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3R3;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3-CO-O-alkyl;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3-CO-alkyl;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3-CO-aryl;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3-CO-substituted aryl;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3-CO-heteroaryl;
-(alkyl)0-1-NR3-CO-substituted heteroaryl;
-N3;
-halogen;
-haloalkyl;
-haloalkoxy;
-CO-haloalkoxy;
-NO2;
-CN;
-OH;
-SH; and in the case of alkyl, oxo.

7. A compound of claim 2 wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; alkyl; alkyl-O-alkyl; (alkyl)0-1 aryl, (alkyl)0-1-(substituted aryl); (alkyl)0-1-heteroaryl; and (alkyl)0-1-(substituted heteroaryl).

8. A compound of claim 2 wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-4alkyl, and C1-4alkyl-O- C1-4alkyl.

9. A compound of claim 2 wherein the dashed bonds are absent.

10. A compound of claim 1 wherein X is -NR5-.

11. A compound of claim 10 wherein n is 0.

12. A compound of claim 10 wherein R1 is -(CH2)2-4- NR3- SO2 -NR5 -R4.

13. A compound of claim 10 wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; alkyl; alkyl-O-alkyl; (alkyl)0-1 aryl, (alkyl)0-1-(substituted aryl); (alkyl)0-1-heteroaryl; and (alkyl)0-1-(substituted heteroaryl).

14. A compound of claim 10 wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-4alkyl, and C1-4alkyl-O- C1-4alkyl.

15. A compound of claim 10 wherein R4 and R5 join to form together with the atoms to which they are attached, a 3 to 7 membered heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic ring.

16. A compound of claim 10 wherein R4 and R5 join to form a substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolidine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, piperidine, or piperazine ring.

17. A compound of claim 16 wherein R3 is hydrogen.

18. A compound of claim 15 wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; alkyl; alkyl-O-alkyl; (alkyl)0-1 aryl, (alkyl)0-1-(substituted aryl); (alkyl)0-1-heteroaryl; and (alkyl)0-1-(substituted heteroaryl).

19. A compound of claim 16 wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-4alkyl, and C1-4alkyl-O- C1-4alkyl.

20. A compound of claim 10 wherein R4 and R5 are alkyl.

21. A compound of claim 20 wherein R3 is hydrogen.

22. A compound of claim 20 wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; alkyl; alkyl-O-alkyl; (alkyl)0-1 aryl, (alkyl)0-1-(substituted aryl); (alkyl)0-1-heteroaryl; and (alkyl)0-1-(substituted heteroaryl).

23. A compound of claim 10 wherein R3 is hydrogen.

24. A compound selected from the group consisting of:
N2-[2-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)ethyl]-2-thiophenesulfonamide;
N1-[2-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)ethyl]-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N8-[2-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)ethyl]-8-quinolinesulfonamide;
N1-[2-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)ethyl]-5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide;
N-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]methanesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N8-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-8-quinolinesulfonamide;
N2-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-2-thiophenesulfonamide;
N2-[4-(4-amino-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-2-thiophenesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-amino-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-1-benzenesulfonamide;

N8-[4-(4-amino-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-8-quinolinesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-amino-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-4-fluoro-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-3-fluoro-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N-{2-[4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]ethyl}methanesulfonamide;
N2-{2-[4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]ethyl}-2-thiophenesulfonamide;
N1-{2-[4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]ethyl}-5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide;
N-(4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}methanesulfonamide;
N2-{4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-2-thiophenesulfonamide;
N1-{4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide;
N1-{4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-4-fluoro-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N1-{4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-3-fluoro-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N1-{4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N8-{4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-8-quinolinesulfonamide;
N2-{4-[4-amino-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-2-thiophenesulfonamide;
N-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]methanesulfonamide;

N2-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-2-thiophenesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide;
N1{-4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N1-{4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide;
N'-{2-[4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]ethyl}-N,N-dimethylsulfamide;
N'-(4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-N,N-dimethylsulfamide;
N'-(4-[4-amino-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-N,N-dimethylsulfamide;
N'-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-N,N-dimethylsulfamide;
N'-{4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-N,N-dimethylsulfamide;
N4-(4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-4-thiomorpholinesulfonamide;
N1-{4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-1-pyrrolidinesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-amino-2-butyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-4-fluoro-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N-[4-(4-Amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]methanesulfonamide; and N-{4-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}phenyl-methanesulfonamide.

25. A compound selected from the group consisting of:
N1-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-Amino-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide;
N2-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-2-thiophenesulfonamide;
N-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-phenylmethanesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]
Methanesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-3-nitro-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-3-amino-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-4-nitro-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-4-amino-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N5-[4-(4-Amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide N-[4-(4-Amino-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl]-methanesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-Amino-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-y)butyl]-1-butanesulfonamide;
N1-{4-[4-Amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]butyl}-4-fluoro-1-benzenesulfonamide;
N1-[4-(4-Amino-2-phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]-4-fluoro-1-benzenesulfonamide; and N-[4-(4-Amino-2-phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]
methanesulfonamide.

26. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

27. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 2 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

28. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 10 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

29. The use of a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 25 for preparing a medicament for inducing cytokine biosynthesis in an animal.

30. The use of a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 25 for preparing a medicament for treating a viral disease in an animal.

31. The use of a compound as defined in any one of claims I to 25 for preparing a medicament for treating a neoplastic disease in an animal.