CA2380134A1 - A humidifying gas induction or supply system - Google Patents

A humidifying gas induction or supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2380134A1
CA2380134A1 CA002380134A CA2380134A CA2380134A1 CA 2380134 A1 CA2380134 A1 CA 2380134A1 CA 002380134 A CA002380134 A CA 002380134A CA 2380134 A CA2380134 A CA 2380134A CA 2380134 A1 CA2380134 A1 CA 2380134A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
hydrophilic membrane
air
face
water
gas stream
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002380134A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2380134C (en
Inventor
Mark Christopher Tonkin
Mark Elden Schuchardt
Mark Andrew Young
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DESIGN TECHNOLOGY AND IRRIGATION Ltd
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2380134A1 publication Critical patent/CA2380134A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2380134C publication Critical patent/CA2380134C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/0221—Details of the water supply system, e.g. pumps or arrangement of valves
    • F02M25/0224—Water treatment or cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/025—Adding water
    • F02M25/028—Adding water into the charge intakes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

Water vapor is introduced into an inlet air stream (16) of an engine (12), for example, by a pervaporation process through a non-porous hydrophilic membrane (18). A water reservoir (20), which can contain contaminated water, provides a vapor pressure gradient across the hydrophilic membrane (18) into the inlet air stream (16), while the rate of delivery of the water vapor to a cylinder (38-40) is self-regulated by the rate of flow of air across the membrane. The hydrophilic membrane (18) therefore also filters the water from the water reservoir (20) to an extent that pure water vapor is provided to the air inlet stream (16).
Delivery of water vapor can nevertheless be controlled using a hood (26) that slides over the hydrophilic membrane to limit its exposed surface area. Alternatively, water vapor is introduced into one or more of the gas streams of a fuel cell by separating the gas stream from the wet exhaust gas stream by a hydrophilic membrane such that moisture passes across the membrane to moisten the gas stream and thereby prevent drying out of the proton exchange membrane.

Claims (21)

1. A humidifying gas induction or supply system comprising a hydrophilic membrane surface.
2. The humidifying gas induction or supply system according to claim 1, further comprising a water reservoir integrally formed with the hydrophilic membrane surface.
3. The humidifying gas induction or supply system of claim 2, further comprising a hood arranged to regulate an area of hydrophilic membrane surface exposed to one of the water reservoir and the gas induction system.
4. An engine comprising a humidifying air induction or supply system having a hydrophilic membrane surface.
5. The engine according to claim 4, further comprising a water reservoir integrally coupled with the hydrophilic membrane surface.
6. The engine according to claim 5 further comprising a hood arranged to regulate an area of hydrophilic membrane surface exposed to one of the water reservoir and the air induction system.
7. The engine according to claim 4, further comprising an exhaust system providing exhaust gases, and wherein the water reservoir includes a heat exchanging coil coupled selectively to receive the exhaust gases.
8. The engine according to claim 7, further including a temperature sensing element arranged to regulate a flow of exhaust gas through the heat exchanging coil.
9. A motorized vehicle containing a humidifying air induction or supply system having a hydrophilic membrane surface.
10. The motorized vehicle according to claim 9, further comprising a water reservoir coupled to the hydrophilic membrane surface.
11. The motorized vehicle according to claim 10, further comprising a hood arranged to regulate an area of hydrophilic membrane surface exposed to one of the water reservoir and the air induction system.
12. The motorized vehicle according to claim 10, further comprising an exhaust system providing exhaust gases, and wherein the water reservoir includes a heat exchanging coil coupled selectively to receive the exhaust gases.
13. The motorized vehicle according to claim 12, further including a temperature sensing element arranged to regulate a flow of exhaust gas through the heat exchanging coil.
14. The motorized vehicle according to claim 13, further comprising:
a fuel tank having a hydrophilic membrane surface across which water vapor pervaporates.
15. A fuel cell comprising a humidifying gas induction or supply system having a hydrophilic membrane surface.
16. The fuel cell according to claim 15 further comprising the hydrophili~~
member ~~e raving at least two faces; the first face being in contact with a hydrogen ga~~~~ m and the second face being in contact with wet exhaust air such that water vapor pervaporates across the hydrophilic membrane from the wet exha~s~
gas into the hydrogen gas stream.
17. The fuel cell according to claim 16 having at least a second hydrophilic membrane, the second hydrophilic membrane having at least two faces; the first face being in contact with the hydrogen gas stream and the second face being in contact with a container of liquid water, such that water vapor pervaporates across the second hydrophilic membrane from the container of liquid water and into the hydrogen gas stream.
18. The fuel cell according to claim 16 having at least a third hydrophilic membrane, the third hydrophilic membrane having at least two faces; the first face being in contact with an air or oxygen gas stream and the second face being in contact with wet exhaust air such that water vapor pervaporates across the third hydrophilic membrane from the wet exhaust gas into the air or oxygen gas stream.
19. The fuel cell according to claim 17 having at least a third hydrophilic membrane, the third hydrophilic membrane having at least two faces; the first face being in contact with an air or oxygen gas stream and the second face being in contact with wet exhaust air such that water vapor pervaporates across the third hydrophilic membrane from the wet exhaust gas into the air or oxygen gas stream.
20. The fuel cell according to claim 18 having at least a fourth hydrophilic membrane, the fourth hydrophilic membrane having at least two faces; the first face being in contact with the air or oxygen gas stream and the second face being in contact with a container of liquid water such that water vapor pervaporates across the fourth hydrophilic membrane from the container of liquid water and into the air or oxygen gas stream.
21. The fuel cell according to claim 19 having at lest a fourth hydrophilic membrane, the fourth hydrophilic membrane having at least two faces; the first face being in contact with the air or oxygen gas stream and ~~~ ~~~ face being in contact wi~~ a container of liquid water such that water vac~ pervaporates across the f~~th hydrophilic membrane from the container of liquid water and into the air or oxygen gas stream.
CA2380134A 1999-08-06 2000-08-03 A humidifying gas induction or supply system Expired - Fee Related CA2380134C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/369,803 1999-08-06
US09/369,803 US6511052B1 (en) 1999-08-06 1999-08-06 Humidifying gas induction or supply system
PCT/US2000/021153 WO2001011216A2 (en) 1999-08-06 2000-08-03 A humidifying gas induction or supply system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2380134A1 true CA2380134A1 (en) 2001-02-15
CA2380134C CA2380134C (en) 2010-02-09

Family

ID=23456995

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2380134A Expired - Fee Related CA2380134C (en) 1999-08-06 2000-08-03 A humidifying gas induction or supply system

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (2) US6511052B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1200727A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2003506656A (en)
CN (3) CN101187445B (en)
AU (1) AU6398100A (en)
BR (1) BR0013068B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2380134C (en)
CZ (1) CZ298320B6 (en)
MX (1) MXPA02001247A (en)
PL (1) PL353638A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2262614C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2001011216A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1200727A2 (en) 2002-05-02
MXPA02001247A (en) 2004-05-21
CN1196852C (en) 2005-04-13
CZ2002426A3 (en) 2003-06-18
US6511052B1 (en) 2003-01-28
AU6398100A (en) 2001-03-05
CN101187445B (en) 2013-01-02
BR0013068A (en) 2002-04-02
US20030025219A1 (en) 2003-02-06
US7611792B2 (en) 2009-11-03
RU2262614C2 (en) 2005-10-20
CA2380134C (en) 2010-02-09
CN101187445A (en) 2008-05-28
CZ298320B6 (en) 2007-08-29
WO2001011216A3 (en) 2001-08-23
CN1369034A (en) 2002-09-11
JP2003506656A (en) 2003-02-18
WO2001011216A2 (en) 2001-02-15
PL353638A1 (en) 2003-12-01
BR0013068B1 (en) 2008-11-18
CN1641201A (en) 2005-07-20

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