CA2381869A1 - A soft bulky multi-ply product and method of making the same - Google Patents

A soft bulky multi-ply product and method of making the same Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2381869A1
CA2381869A1 CA002381869A CA2381869A CA2381869A1 CA 2381869 A1 CA2381869 A1 CA 2381869A1 CA 002381869 A CA002381869 A CA 002381869A CA 2381869 A CA2381869 A CA 2381869A CA 2381869 A1 CA2381869 A1 CA 2381869A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
ply
product
less
web
furnish
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Granted
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CA002381869A
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French (fr)
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CA2381869C (en
Inventor
John H. Dwiggins
Frank D. Harper
Galyn A. Schulz
Pamela J. Wiese
Joseph C. Leege
T. Philips Oriaran
Brian J. Schuh
Michael S. Heath
Greg A. Wendt
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GPCP IP Holdings LLC
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Individual
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/07—Embossing, i.e. producing impressions formed by locally deep-drawing, e.g. using rolls provided with complementary profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/02—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin in the form of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/28—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/006—Making patterned paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/14—Making cellulose wadding, filter or blotting paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/14—Making cellulose wadding, filter or blotting paper
    • D21F11/145—Making cellulose wadding, filter or blotting paper including a through-drying process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30—Multi-ply
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30—Multi-ply
    • D21H27/40—Multi-ply at least one of the sheets being non-planar, e.g. crêped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707—Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715—The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723—Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/0738—Cross sectional profile of the embossments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0758—Characteristics of the embossed product
    • B31F2201/0761—Multi-layered
    • B31F2201/0764—Multi-layered the layers being nested
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0758—Characteristics of the embossed product
    • B31F2201/0761—Multi-layered
    • B31F2201/0769—Multi-layered the layers being shifted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0784—Auxiliary operations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
    • Y10T156/1007—Running or continuous length work
    • Y10T156/1023—Surface deformation only [e.g., embossing]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24612—Composite web or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/27—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.]

Abstract

An ultra soft, bulky, multi-ply tissue having low overall sidedness and a geometric mean tensile strength of less than about 800 g/3" wherein an embossed ply has a TMI sidedness of at least about 0.45 and an embossed area of at least about 2%, which is capable of being made from non-premium furnish, and method for making such products are disclosed. An ultra soft, bulky, multi-ply tissue having low overall sidedness and a geometric mean tensile strength of less than about 35 g/3" per lb. of basis weight wherein an embossed ply has a TMI sidedness of at least about 0.45 and an embossed area of at least about 2%, which is capable of being made from non-premium furnish, and method for making such products are also disclosed.

Claims (100)

1. A multi-ply tissue product formed by marrying a first embossed ply with a second ply, said first embossed ply having a TMI sidedness of at least about 0.45 and an embossed area of at least about 2%, wherein the multi-ply tissue product exhibits an overall TMI sidedness of less than about 0.6 and a geometric mean tensile strength of less than about 800 g/3".
2. The product of claim 1, wherein the TMI sidedness of the second ply differs from that of the first by at least about 0.1.
3. The product of claim 1, wherein the TMI sidedness of the second ply differs from that of the first by at least about 0.15.
4. The product of claim 1, wherein the geometric mean tensile modules of the multi-ply tissue product is less than about 27.
5. The product of claim 1, wherein the geometric mean tensile modules of the multi-ply tissue product is less than about 25.
6. The product of claim 1, wherein the TMI geometric mean friction deviation of the multi-ply tissue product is less than about 0.6.
7. The product of claim 1, wherein the TMI geometric mean friction deviation of the multi-ply tissue product is less than about 0.55.
8. The product of claim 1, further comprising a GM tensile strength of from about 21g to about 35 g/3" width per lb. of basis weight.
9. The product of claim 1, further comprising a caliper of at least about 2 mils/8 plies/lb. basis weight.
10. The product of claim 1, further comprising a tensile stiffness of less than about 2 g/inch/% strain per lb. of basis weight.
11. The product of claim 1, wherein at least one ply has a TMI
sidedness of less than about 0.6.
12. The product of claim 1, wherein said second ply is embossed.
13. The product of claim 1, wherein neither outer surface of said multi-ply tissue has protrusions resulting from said emboss.
14. The product of claim 1, wherein said multi-ply tissue is formed from a CWP process.
15. The product of claim 1, wherein said multi-ply tissue is formed from a TAD process.
16. A multi-ply tissue product formed by marrying a first embossed ply with a second ply, said first embossed ply having a TMI sidedness of at least about 0.45 and an embossed area of at least about 2%, wherein the multi-ply tissue product exhibits an overall TMI sidedness of less than about 0.6 and a geometric mean tensile strength of less than about 35 g/3" per lb.
of basis weight.
17. The product of claim 16, wherein the TMI sidedness of the second ply differs from that of the first by at least about 0.1.
18. The product of claim 16, wherein the TMI sidedness of the second ply differs from that of the first by at least about 0.15.
19. The product of claim 16, wherein the geometric mean tensile modulus of the multi-ply tissue product is less than about 27.
20. The product of claim 16, wherein the geometric mean tensile modulus of the multi-ply tissue product is less than about 25.
21. The product of claim 16, wherein the TMI geometric mean friction deviation of the multi-ply tissue product is less than about 0.6.
22. The product of claim 16, wherein the TMI geometric mean friction deviation of the multi-ply tissue product is less than about 0.55.
23. The product of claim 16, further comprising a GM tensile strength of from about 21 g to about 35 g/3" width per lb. of basis weight.
24. The product of claim 16, further comprising a caliper of at least about 2 mils/8 plies/lb. basis weight.
25. The product of claim 16, further comprising a tensile stiffness of less than about 2 g/inch/% strain per lb. of basis weight.
26. The product of claim 16, wherein at least one ply has a TMI
sidedness of less than about 0.6.
27. The product of claim 16, wherein said second ply is embossed.
28. The product of claim 16, wherein neither outer surface of said multi-ply tissue has protrusions resulting from said emboss.
29. The product of claim 16, wherein said multi-ply tissue is formed from a CWP process.
30. The product of claim 16, wherein said multi-ply tissue is formed from a TAD process.
31. A method for making an ultra soft high basis weight multi-ply tissue product comprising:
(a) providing a fibrous pulp furnish;
(b) forming a first nascent web from said furnish;
(c) forming a second nascent web from said furnish;
(d) embossing at least one of said webs between a pair of emboss rolls;
(e) combining said first web with said second web to form a multi-ply web;
(f) optionally calendering said embossed multi-ply web; and wherein steps (a)-(f) are controlled to produce a multi-ply tissue product, the first embossed ply having a TMI sidedness of at least about 0.45 and an embossed area of at least about 2%, wherein the multi-ply tissue product exhibits an overall TMI sidedness of less than about 0.6 and a geometric mean tensile strength of less than about 800 g/3".
32. The method of claim 31, wherein the outer surface of said multi-ply web is substantially free of protrusions resulting from said embossing in step (d).
33. The method of claim 31, wherein said first web further comprises at least about 1 lb of a cationic nitrogenous softener/ton of furnish.
34. The method of claim 31, wherein at least one of said plies is biaxially undulatory.
35. The method of claim 31, wherein said fibrous pulp furnish comprises a coarseness in excess of about 11 grams per hundred meters.
36. The method of claim 31, wherein said furnish comprises from about 30% to about 85% of a first fiber having a coarseness of about 15 mg/100 m or less and a fiber length of from about 0.8 mm to about 1.8 mm and from about 15% to about 70% of a second fiber having a coarseness of about 35 mg/100 m or less and a fiber length of at least about 2.0 mm.
37. The method of claim 31, wherein said first fiber comprises a coarseness of about 13.5 mg/100 m or less and a fiber length of from about 0.8 mm to about 1.4 mm and said second fiber comprises a coarseness of not more than about 35 mg/100 m and a fiber length of at least about 2.2 mm.
38. The method of claim 31, wherein said first fiber comprises a coarseness of about 12 mg/100 m or less and a fiber length of from about 0.8 mm to about 1.2 mm and said second fiber comprises a coarseness of no more than about 25 mg/100 m and a fiber length of at least about 2.5 mm.
39. The method of claim 31, wherein said first and second webs are combined by knurling.
40. The method of claim 39, wherein at least one of said plies is biaxially undulatory.
41. The method of claim 31, wherein said furnish includes a temporary wet strength adjusting agent resulting in a Finch Cup cross-direction wet tensile of at least about 40 g/3 inches.
42. The method of claim 31, wherein said furnish includes an amount of temporary wet strength adjusting agent resulting in a wet/dry ratio of at least about 10%.
43. The method of claim 31, wherein the furnish contains at least one of recycled and nonwoody fibers in an amount of less than about 70% of the total furnish.
44. The method of claim 31, wherein the basis weight of said first nascent web is at least about 10 lbs/3000 sq. ft. ream.
45. The method of claim 41, wherein the temporary wet strength agent is an aliphatic aldehyde, aromatic aldehyde, a polymeric reaction product of a monomer or polymer having an aldehyde group and optionally a nitrogen group, or any combination thereof.
46. The method of claim 41, wherein the temporary wet strength agent is glyoxal, malonic dialdehyde, succinic dialdehyde, glutaraldehyde, dialdehyde starch, a cyclic urea containing an aldehyde moiety, a polyol containing aldehyde moiety, a reaction product of an aldehyde containing monomer or polymer and a vinyl-amide or acrylamide polymer, a glyoxylated acrylamide polymer or glyoxylated vinyl-amide or mixtures thereof.
47. The method of claim 33, wherein the softener is a trivalent cationic organic nitrogen compound incorporating long fatty acid chains, a tetravalent organic nitrogen compound incorporating long fatty acid chains, an imidazoline, an amino acid salt, a linear amine amide, a tetravalent quaternary ammonium salt, a quatenary ammonium salt, an amido amine salt derived from a partially neutralized amine, or any combination thereof.
48. The method of claim 33, wherein from about 0.5 lb. softener to about 10 lbs. softener/ton of furnish is added.
49. The method of claim 33, wherein the softener is included in the fibrous pulp furnish prior to web formation or applied to the web after formation, or both.
50. The method of claim 31, wherein the multi-ply tissue has a specific caliper after embossing and optional calendering of from about 2.5 to about 5 mils/8 plies/lb. basis weight.
51. The method of claim 31, wherein said emboss comprises a micro and macro emboss pattern which covers less than about 30% of the embossed web.
52. The method of claim 31, wherein said multi-ply tissue has a GM
tensile strength of from about 21 g to about 35 g/3" width per lb. of basis weight.
53. The method of claim 31, wherein each of said first and second webs are calendered individually.
54. The method of claim 31, wherein said multi-ply web is calendered.
55. The method of claim 31, wherein at least one of said first and second nascent webs are stratified.
56. The method of claim 31, wherein said first and second nascent webs are homogenous.
57. The multi-ply tissue product produced according to the method of claim 31.
58. A method for making an ultra soft high basis weight multi-ply tissue product comprising:
(a) providing a fibrous pulp furnish;
(b) forming a first nascent web from said furnish;
(c) forming a second nascent web from said furnish;
(d) embossing at least one of said webs between a pair of emboss rolls;
(e) combining said first web with said second web to form a multi-ply web;
(f) optionally calendering said embossed multi-ply web; and wherein steps (a)-(f) are controlled to produce a multi-ply tissue product, the first embossed ply having a TMI sidedness of at least about 0.45 and an embossed area of at least about 2%, wherein the multi-ply tissue product exhibits an overall TMI sidedness of less than about 0.6 and a geometric mean tensile strength of less than about 35 g/3" per lb. of basis weight.
59. The method of claim 58, wherein the outer surface of said multi-ply web is substantially free of protrusions resulting from said embossing in step (d).
60. The method of claim 58, wherein said first web further comprises at least about 1 lb of a cationic nitrogenous softener/ton of furnish.
61. The method of claim 58, wherein at least one of said plies is biaxially undulatory.
62. The method of claim 58, wherein said fibrous pulp furnish comprises a coarseness in excess of about 11 grams per hundred meters.
63. The method of claim 58, wherein said furnish comprises from about 30% to about 85% of a first fiber having a coarseness of about 15 mg/100 m or less and a fiber length of from about 0.8 mm to about 1.8 mm and from about 15% to about 70% of a second fiber having a coarseness of about 35 mg/100 m or less and a fiber length of at least about 2.0 mm.
64. The method of claim 58, wherein said first fiber comprises a coarseness of about 13.5 mg/100 m or less and a fiber length of from about 0.8 mm to about 1.4 mm and said second fiber comprises a coarseness of not more than about 35 mg/100 m and a fiber length of at least about 2.2 mm.
65. The method of claim 58, wherein said first fiber comprises a coarseness of about 12 mg/100 m or less and a fiber length of from about 0.8 mm to about 1.2 mm and said second fiber comprises a coarseness of no more than about 25 mg/100 m and a fiber length of at least about 2.5 mm.
66. The method of claim 58, wherein said first and second webs are combined by knurling.
67. The method of claim 66, wherein said knurling comprises embossing together less than about 10% of the web area located at the edges of the first and second webs.
68. The method of claim 58, wherein said furnish includes a temporary wet strength adjusting agent resulting in a Finch Cup cross-direction wet tensile of at least about 40 g/3 inches.
69. The method of claim 58, wherein said furnish includes an amount of temporary wet strength adjusting agent resulting in a wet/dry ratio of at least about 10%.
70. The method of claim 58, wherein the furnish contains at least one of recycled and nonwoody fibers in an amount of less than about 70% of the total furnish.
71. The method of claim 58, wherein the basis weight of said first nascent web is at least about 10 lbs/3000 sq. ft. ream.
72. The method of claim 68, wherein the temporary wet strength agent is an aliphatic aldehyde, aromatic aldehyde, a polymeric reaction product of a monomer or polymer having an aldehyde group and optionally a nitrogen group, or any combination thereof.
73. The method of claim 68, wherein the temporary wet strength agent is glyoxal, malonic dialdehyde, succinic dialdehyde, glutaraldehyde, dialdehyde starch, a cyclic urea containing an aldehyde moiety, a polyol containing aldehyde moiety, a reaction product of an aldehyde containing monomer or polymer and a vinyl-amide or acrylamide polymer, a glyoxylated acrylamide polymer or glyoxylated vinyl-amide or mixtures thereof.
74. The method of claim 60, wherein the softener is a trivalent cationic organic nitrogen compound incorporating long fatty acid chains, a tetravalent organic nitrogen compound incorporating long fatty acid chains, an imidazoline, an amino acid salt, a linear amine amide, a tetravalent quaternary ammonium salt, a quatenary ammonium salt, an amido amine salt derived from a partially neutralized amine, or any combination thereof.
75. The method of claim 60, wherein from about 0.5 lb. softener to about 10 lbs. softener/ton of furnish is added.
76. The method of claim 60, wherein the softener is included in the fibrous pulp furnish prior to web formation or applied to the web after formation, or both.
77. The method of claim 58, wherein the multi-ply tissue has a specific caliper after embossing and optional calendering of from about 2.5 to about 5 mils/8 plies/lb. basis weight.
78. The method of claim 58, wherein said emboss comprises a micro and macro emboss pattern which covers less than about 30% of the embossed web.
79. The method of claim 58, wherein said multi-ply tissue has a GM
tensile strength of from about 21 g to about 35 g/3" width per lb, of basis weight.
80. The method of claim 58, wherein each of said first and second webs are calendered individually.
81. The method of claim 58, wherein said multi-ply web is calendered.
82. The method of claim 58, wherein at least one of said first and second nascent webs are stratified.
83. The method of claim 58, wherein said first and second nascent webs are homogenous.
84. The multi-ply tissue product produced according to the method of claim 58.
85. The product of claim 1, wherein said multi-ply tissue comprises more than two plies.
86. The product of claim 16, wherein said multi-ply tissue comprises more than two plies.
87. The method of claim 31, wherein said multi-ply tissue comprises more than two plies.
88. The method of claim 58, wherein said multi-ply tissue comprises more than two plies.
89. The product of claim 1, wherein the embossed area of the first ply is at least about 4%.
90. The product of claim 1, wherein the embossed area of the first ply is at least about 8%.
91. The product of claim 16, wherein the embossed area of the first ply is at least about 4%.
92. The product of claim 16, wherein the embossed area of the first ply is at least about 8%.
93. The method of claim 31, wherein the TMI sidedness of the second ply differs from that of the first by at least about 0.1.
94. The method of claim 31, wherein the embossed area of the first ply is at least about 4%.
95. The method of claim 31, wherein the TMI sidedness of the second ply differs from that of the first by at least about 0.15.
96. The method of claim 31, wherein the embossed area of the first ply is at least about 8%.
97. The method of claim 58, wherein the TMI sidedness of the second ply differs from that of the first by at least about 0.1.
98. The method of claim 58, wherein the embossed area of the first ply is at least about 4%.
99. The method of claim 58, wherein the TMI sidedness of the second ply differs from that of the first by at least about 0.15.
100. The method of claim 58, wherein the embossed area of the first ply is at least about 8%.
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DE60221458D1 (en) 2007-09-13
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US20030102096A1 (en) 2003-06-05
US6827819B2 (en) 2004-12-07

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