CA2385781A1 - Path optimizer for peer to peer networks - Google Patents

Path optimizer for peer to peer networks Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2385781A1
CA2385781A1 CA002385781A CA2385781A CA2385781A1 CA 2385781 A1 CA2385781 A1 CA 2385781A1 CA 002385781 A CA002385781 A CA 002385781A CA 2385781 A CA2385781 A CA 2385781A CA 2385781 A1 CA2385781 A1 CA 2385781A1
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Prior art keywords
peer
message
optimizer
nodes
instructions
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CA002385781A
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French (fr)
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CA2385781C (en
Inventor
Don Bowman
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Sandvine Corp Canada
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Sandvine Inc ULC
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/04—Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/26—Route discovery packet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/302—Route determination based on requested QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1087—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using cross-functional networking aspects
    • H04L67/1091—Interfacing with client-server systems or between P2P systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/563—Data redirection of data network streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/564—Enhancement of application control based on intercepted application data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
    • H04L67/62—Establishing a time schedule for servicing the requests
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
    • H04L67/63—Routing a service request depending on the request content or context
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1061—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using node-based peer discovery mechanisms
    • H04L67/1063—Discovery through centralising entities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1061—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using node-based peer discovery mechanisms
    • H04L67/1072—Discovery involving ranked list compilation of candidate peers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/565—Conversion or adaptation of application format or content
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Computer And Data Communications (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)

Abstract

The invention disclosed is a path optimizer for Peer to Peer (P2P) networks. Large amounts of P2P file exchanges increase the costs to maintain a network. Network service providers typically pay for the amount o f data they exchange with other network service providers. The present invention examines P2P messages between and within networks and provides a cost efficient path to handle each P2P message.

Claims (94)

1. A peer to peer optimizer, said optimizer examining peer to peer messages between nodes within networks connected to said optimizer, for the purpose of optimizing behavior on each of said networks.
2. The optimizer of claim 1 wherein said optimizer utilizes path cost information in optimizing behavior.
3. The optimizer of claim 2 wherein said path cost information is derived from cost class information.
4. The optimizer of claim 1 wherein a peer to peer message may be redirected.
5. The optimizer of claim 1 wherein a peer to peer message may be modified.
6. The optimizer of claim 1 wherein a peer to peer message may be forwarded.
7. The optimizer of claim 1 wherein a peer to peer message may not be forwarded.
8. The optimizer of claim 1 wherein new peer to peer messages may be created.
9. The optimizer of claim 1 wherein if a peer to peer message is a query message, forwarding said query message to an optimized set of nodes.
10. The optimizer of claim 9 further comprising a content index.
11. The optimizer of claim 10 wherein said content index comprises a mapping of content to nodes.
12. The optimizer of claim 11 wherein said content index is used to limit the number of nodes a query message is forwarded to.
13. The optimizer of claim 11 wherein said content index is used to determine said optimized set of nodes.
14. The optimizer of claim 13 wherein said optimized set of nodes is selected based upon path cost.
15. The optimizer of claim 13 wherein if no nodes are found in said content index to satisfy said query message, forwarding said query message to a set of nodes determined by a weighted probabilistic function.
16. The optimizer of claim 1 wherein if a peer to peer message is a queryhit message, said optimizer modifying quality of service parameters of said queryhit message.
17. The optimizer of claim 1 wherein if a peer to peer message is a ping message from a first node, said optimizer creating one or more pong messages to nodes in the same cost class as said first node.
18. The optimizer of claim 17 wherein cost class information for a plurality of nodes is stored in a host cache.
19. The optimizer of claim 1 wherein if a peer to peer message is a connect, and if said connect is better than an existing connection, dropping said existing connection for said connect.
20. The optimizer of claim 3 wherein said cost class information is set by an administrator of said optimizer.
21. The optimizer of claim 3 wherein said cost class information is set by said optimizer.
22. A peer to peer optimizer, said optimizer examining peer to peer messages between nodes within networks connected to said optimizer, for the purpose of determining a cost efficient path for each of said peer to peer messages.
23. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein said optimizer in determining said cost efficient path combines a cost class for each of two nodes to create a path cost.
24. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein if a peer to peer message is not initially directed to said cost efficient path, redirecting said peer to peer message to said cost efficient path.
25. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein if a peer to peer message is not from a node in a first network and is a query message, forwarding said query message to one or more nodes not in said first network.
26. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein if a peer to peer message is from a node in a first network and is a query message and if said query message is unsuccessful, forwarding said query message to a weighted list of nodes in said first network.
27. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein if a peer to peer message is not from a node in a first network and is a query message, ignoring said query message.
28. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein if a peer to peer message is a queryhit message, determining if a matching query message has been observed and if so forwarding said queryhit message to the originator of said matching query message.
29. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein if a peer to peer message is a query message said optimizer determining;

a) if said query is from a node in a first network, determining if said query may be serviced by one or more nodes in said first network, if so, forwarding said query to said one or more nodes in said first network; or b) if said query is from a node not in said first network, dropping said query.
30. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein if a peer to peer message is a queryhit message, forwarding said queryhit message to the originator of a matching query message.
31. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein if a peer to peer message is a ping message from a node in a first network dropping said ping message so that it does not propagate from said first network.
32. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein if a peer to peer message is a pong and a matching ping message has not been seen, dropping said pong.
33. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein if a peer to peer message is a ping, said optimizer optionally dropping said ping.
34. The optimizer of claim 33 wherein if said optimizer has not dropped said ping, said optimizer providing a forged gong message.
35. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein if a peer to peer message is a connect, and if said connect is better than an existing connection, dropping said existing connection for said connect.
36. The optimizer of claim 23 wherein said cost class is set by an administrator of said optimizer.
37. The optimizer of claim 23 wherein said cost class is set by said optimizer.
38. The optimizer of claim 22 wherein each peer to peer message is examined to obtain information about the originator of said message.
39. The optimizer of claim 38 wherein said information is stored by said optimizer in a host cache.
40. A process for managing peer to peer messages between and within networks, said process comprising the step of determining a cost efficient path for each of said peer to peer messages.
41. The process of claim 40 further comprising the step of utilizing a message to obtain information about the originator of said message.
42. The process of claim 40 further comprising the step of matching a requested filename filenames stored in a content index.
43. The process of claim 42 further comprising the step of utilizing a content index in determining said cost efficient path.
44. The process of claim 40 further comprising the step of utilizing cost class information to determine said cost efficient path.
45. The process of claim 40 further comprising the step of if a peer to peer message is not initially directed to said cost efficient path, redirecting said peer to peer message to said cost efficient path.
46. The process of claim 40 further comprising the step of modifying a peer to peer message.
47. The process of claim 40 further comprising the step of forwarding a peer to peer message.
48. The process of claim 40 further comprising the step of not forwarding a peer to peer message.
49. The process of claim 40 further comprising the step of creating a new peer to peer message.
50. The process of claim 40 further comprising the step that if said peer to peer message is a query message, forwarding said query message to an optimized set of nodes.
51. A computer readable medium containing instructions for managing peer to peer messages between nodes in networks, said medium comprising instructions for optimizing behavior on said networks.
52. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions to utilize path cost information in optimizing behavior.
53. The medium of claim 52 further comprising instructions to derive said path cost information from cost class information.
54. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions for redirecting a peer to peer message.
55. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions for modifying a peer to peer message.
56. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions for forwarding a peer to peer message.
57. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions for not forwarding a peer to peer message.
58. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions for creating a new peer to peer message.
59. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions to determine if a peer to peer message is a query message, and if so, forwarding said query message to an optimized set of nodes.
60. The medium of claim 59 further comprising instructions to implement a content index.
61. The medium of claim 60 further comprising instructions to map content to nodes.
62. The medium of claim 60 further comprising instructions to utilize said content index to limit the number of nodes a query message is forwarded to.
63. The medium of claim 62 further comprising instructions to utilize said content index to determine said optimized set of nodes.
64. The medium of claim 63 further comprising instructions to select said optimized set of nodes based upon path cost.
65. The medium of claim 63 further comprising instructions to determine that if no nodes are found in said content index to satisfy said query message, forwarding said query message to a set of nodes determined by a weighted probabilistic function.
66. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions to determine if a peer to peer message is a queryhit message, if so, modifying quality of service parameters of said query hit message.
67. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions to determine if a peer to peer message is a ping message from a first node, if so, creating one or more pong messages to nodes in the same cost class as said first node.
68. The medium of claim 53 further comprising instructions for storing said cost class information in a host cache.
69. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions to determine if a peer to peer message is a connect, if so, and if said connect is better than an existing connection, dropping said existing connection for said connect.
70. The medium of claim 68 further comprising instructions to permit an administrator to set said cost class information.
71. The medium of claim 68 further comprising instructions to set said cost class information without human intervention.
72. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions for determining if a message is from a node in a first network, and instructions for preventing said message from reaching a node in a second network.
73. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions for utilizing a message to obtain information about the node from which said message originated.
74. The medium of claim 73 further comprising instructions to populate a host cache with said information.
75. The medium of claim 51 further comprising instructions to determine if a peer to peer message is not initially directed to a cost efficient path, redirecting said peer to peer message to said cost efficient path.
76. A system for optimizing peer to peer messages between nodes within networks, said system comprising a peer to peer optimizer, said system utilizing said optimizer to examine messages between said nodes for the purpose of optimizing behavior on each of said networks.
77. The system of claim 76 wherein said system further comprises means to utilize path cost information in optimizing behavior.
78. The system of claim 77 wherein said system comprises means to derive said path cost information from cost class information.
79. The system of claim 76 further comprising means for redirecting a peer to peer message.
80. The system of claim 76 further comprising means for modifying a peer to peer message.
81. The system of claim 76 further comprising means for forwarding a peer to peer message.
82. The system of claim 76 further comprising means for not forwarding a peer to peer message.
83. The system of claim 76 further comprising means for creating a new peer to peer message.
84. The system of claim 76 further comprising means to determine if a peer to peer message is a query message, and if so, utilizing means to forward said query message to an optimized set of nodes.
85. The system of claim 84 further comprising a content index.
86. The system of claim 85 wherein said content index comprises a mapping of content to nodes.
87. The system of claim 86 wherein said content index is used to limit the number of nodes a query message is forwarded to.
88. The system of claim 86 further comprising means to utilize said content index to determine said optimized set of nodes.
89. The system of claim 88 further comprising means to select said optimized set of nodes based upon path cost.
90. The system of claim 88 further comprising means to determine if any nodes are found in said content index to satisfy said query message, if no nodes were found, utilizing means for forwarding said query message to a set of nodes determined by means of calculating a weighted probabilistic function.
91. The system of claim 76 further comprising means to determine if a peer to peer message is a queryhit message, and if so utilizing means for modifying the quality of service parameters of said query hit message.
92. The system of claim 76 further comprising means to determine if a peer to peer message is a ping message and if so and if said peer to peer message is a ping message from a first node, utilizing means to create and send one or more pong messages to nodes in the same cost class as said first node.
93. The system of claim 92 further comprising cost class information for a plurality of nodes, said cost class information stored in a host cache.
94. The system of claim 76 further comprising means for determining if a peer to peer message is a connect, and if said connect is better than an existing connection, means for dropping said existing connection for said connect.
CA2385781A 2002-05-06 2002-05-09 Path optimizer for peer to peer networks Expired - Lifetime CA2385781C (en)

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US10/138,336 2002-05-06
US10/138,336 US7571251B2 (en) 2002-05-06 2002-05-06 Path optimizer for peer to peer networks

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CA2385781C CA2385781C (en) 2012-01-31

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US (1) US7571251B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1430694B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE304775T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003227154A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2385781C (en)
DE (1) DE60301611T2 (en)
GB (1) GB2390261B (en)
IL (1) IL159201A (en)
WO (1) WO2003094465A1 (en)

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