CA2412318A1 - Method and apparatus for efficient management of xml documents - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for efficient management of xml documents Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2412318A1
CA2412318A1 CA002412318A CA2412318A CA2412318A1 CA 2412318 A1 CA2412318 A1 CA 2412318A1 CA 002412318 A CA002412318 A CA 002412318A CA 2412318 A CA2412318 A CA 2412318A CA 2412318 A1 CA2412318 A1 CA 2412318A1
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Prior art keywords
document
data
recited
xml
memory
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CA002412318A
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French (fr)
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CA2412318C (en
Inventor
Raymond E. Ozzie
Kenneth G. Moore
Ransom L. Richardson
Edward J. Fischer
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Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC
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Individual
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Priority to CA2713439A priority Critical patent/CA2713439C/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/958—Organisation or management of web site content, e.g. publishing, maintaining pages or automatic linking
    • G06F16/986—Document structures and storage, e.g. HTML extensions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
    • G06F40/10—Text processing
    • G06F40/12—Use of codes for handling textual entities
    • G06F40/123—Storage facilities
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
    • G06F40/10—Text processing
    • G06F40/12—Use of codes for handling textual entities
    • G06F40/14—Tree-structured documents
    • G06F40/143—Markup, e.g. Standard Generalized Markup Language [SGML] or Document Type Definition [DTD]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
    • G06F40/20—Natural language analysis
    • G06F40/205—Parsing
    • G06F40/221—Parsing markup language streams

Abstract

An in-memory storage manager represents XML-compliant documents as a collection of objects in memory. The collection of objects allows the storage manager to manipulate the document, or parts of the document with a consistent interface and to provide for features that are not available in conventional XML documents, such as element attributes with types other than text and documents that contain binary rather than text information. In addition, in the storage manager, the XML-compliant document is associated with a schema document which defines the arrangement of the document elements and attributes. The schema data associated with a document can contain a mapping between document elements and program code to be associated with each element. The storage manager further has methods for retrieving the code from the element tag. The retrieved code can then be invoked using attributes and content from the associated element and the element then acts like a conventional object. Further, the storage manager allows real-time access by separate process operating in different contexts. The objects that are used to represent the document are constructed from common code found locally in each process. In addition, the data in the objects is also stored in memory local to each process.
The local memories are synchronized by means of a distributed memory system that continually equates the data copies of the same element in different processes. Client-specified collections are managed by a separate collection manager. The collection manager maintains a data structure called a "waffle"
that represents the XML data structures in tabular form. A record set engine that is driven by user commands propagates a set of updates for a collection to the collection manager. Based on those updates, the collection manager updates index structures and may notify waffle users via the notification system.

Claims (82)

1. ~Apparatus for representing and managing an XML-compliant document in a memory, the XML-compliant document being composed of a plurality of~
elements arranged in a nested relationship, the apparatus comprising:
a data document including a plurality of element objects, each element object representing a part of the XML-compliant document; and a mechanism for arranging the plurality of element objects in a hierarchy representative of the nested relationship of the elements.
2. ~Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein at least some of the elements contain textual content and wherein element objects representing the elements contain the textual content.
3. ~Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein at least some of the elements contain attributes having values and wherein element objects representing the elements contain the attribute values.
4. ~Apparatus as recited in claim 3 wherein the attribute values contained in the at least some elements are typed.
5. ~Apparatus as recited in claim 3 further comprising an attribute index containing consistent pointers to all element objects containing attribute values.
6. ~Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein the arranging mechanism comprises database pointers and wherein a database pointer in a parent element object points to child objects of the parent element object in order to arrange the parent object and child objects in a hierarchical relationship.
7. ~Apparatus as recited in claim 1 further comprising a schema document referenced by the data document, the schema document containing content that describes the pattern of element objects and attributes, the existence and structure of document indicies, and commonly used strings in the data document.
8. Apparatus as recited in claim 7 wherein the schema document is referenced by an XML processing statement in the data document.
9. Apparatus as recited in claim 1 further comprising a binary document object for representing a data document containing binary data.
10. Apparatus as recited in claim 1 further comprising a document object for representing the data document.
11. Apparatus as recited in claim 10 wherein the document object contains links to other document objects so that the other document objects are sub-documents of the document object.
12. Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein each of the element objects exports a uniform interface containing methods for manipulating each of the element objects.
13. Apparatus for binding program code to portions of an XML-compliant document composed of a plurality of elements, each of which is identified by a tag, the elements being arranged in a nested relationship, the apparatus comprising:

a data document including a plurality of element objects, each element object representing a part of the XML-compliant document, the plurality of element objects being arranged in a hierarchy representative of the nested relationship of the elements;

a schema document referenced by the data document, the schema document containing a registry which maps a tag identifying one of the elements to a program ID code; and a mechanism that uses the program ID code to construct an object containing the program code.
14. Apparatus as recited in claim 13 wherein the registry is a two-column table that maps element tags to program ID codes.
15. Apparatus as recited in claim 13 wherein the mechanism is responsive to a method call for retrieving the program ID code for constructing the object containing the program code.
16. Apparatus as recited in claim 13 wherein the mechanism is the COM object manager and the program ID code is a ProgID code.
17. Apparatus as recited in claim 16 wherein the COM manager comprises a locating mechanism that uses the ProgID code to locate the program code and an object constructor that constructs an object incorporating the located program code.
18. Apparatus as recited in claim 13 wherein the schema document is referenced in the data document by an XML processing statement.
19. Apparatus for representing and managing an XML-compliant document in a memory, the XML-compliant document being updated concurrently by a first process having a first address space in the memory and second process having a second address space in the memory, the apparatus comprising:

a first storage manager controlled by the first process that constructs, from class code in the first address space, at least one document object including first data representing a part of the XML-compliant document stored in the first address space;

a second storage manager controlled by the second process that constructs, from class code in the second address space which class code is identical to the class code in the first address space, at least one document object including second data representing a part of the XML-compliant document stored in the second address space; and a synchronization mechanism that insures that the first data and the second data are continually equated.
20. Apparatus as recited in claim 19 wherein the first data is stored in a region mapped into the first address space and the second data is stored in the same region mapped into the second address space and the synchronization mechanism continually equates the region data mapped in the first and second address spaces.
21. Apparatus as recited in claim 20 wherein the second process comprises a mechanism for requesting a copy of the region data from the first address space if the second address space does not have the most recent copy of the region data.
22. Apparatus as recited in claim 20 wherein the first process comprises methods for requesting that the synchronization manager lock the region data when the first process is changing the region data in the first address space.
23. Apparatus as recited in claim 20 wherein the second process comprises methods for requesting that the synchronization manager lock the region data when the second process is changing the region data in the second address space.
24. Apparatus as recited in claim 20 wherein the first process can perform read and write operations on the region and wherein the apparatus further comprises a mechanism for grouping a plurality of the read and write operations into a transaction.
25. Apparatus as recited in claim 24 wherein the first process comprises methods for requesting that the synchronization manager lock the region data during the processing of all read and write operations in a transaction.
26. Apparatus as recited in claim 25 further comprising a logging system that periodically writes recovery log entries to a persistent database during the processing of all read and write operations in a transaction.
27. Apparatus as recited in claim 19 wherein the first process comprises a storage mechanism for storing a copy of the region data in a non-volatile store.
28. Apparatus as recited in claim 27 wherein the non-volatile store comprises an object store.
29. Apparatus as recited in claim 27 wherein the non-volatile store comprises a file system.
30. Apparatus as recited in claim 19 wherein the synchronization mechanism comprises a distributed memory system.
31. Apparatus as recited in claim 19 wherein both the first and second address spaces contain equivalent program code for manipulating the first and second document objects.
32. Apparatus as recited in claim 19 wherein the first and second storage manager each construct a cross-process synchronization object that is used to synchronize the first and second processes.
33. Apparatus for representing and managing an XML-compliant document in a memory, the XML-compliant document being composed of a plurality of elements, the elements being arranged in a nested relationship, the apparatus comprising:

a data document including a plurality of element objects, each element object representing a part of the XML-compliant document; and a collection manager that maps the element objects into a tabular data structure including an index structure.
34. Apparatus as recited in claim 33 further comprising a record set engine that is responsive to user commands for propagating a set of updates for the tabular data structure to the collection manager.
35. Apparatus as recited in claim 34 wherein the collection manager further comprises an update mechanism which responds the set of updates by updating the index structure.
36. Apparatus as recited in claim 35 wherein the collection manager further comprises a notification system that notifies the users when changes are made to the tabular data structure.
37. Apparatus as recited in claim 36 wherein the collection manager further comprises a navigation mechanism for creating a cursor to allow the users to navigate within the tabular data structure.
38. A method for representing and managing an XML-compliant document in a memory, the XML-compliant document being composed of a plurality of elements arranged in a nested relationship, the method comprising:

(a) creating a data document in the memory including a plurality of element objects, each element object representing a part of the XML-compliant document; and (b) arranging the plurality of element objects in a hierarchy representative of the nested relationship of the elements.
39. A method as recited in claim 38 wherein at least some of the elements contain textual content and wherein element objects representing the elements contain the textual content.
40. A method as recited in claim 38 wherein at least some of the elements contain attributes having values and wherein element objects representing the elements contain the attribute values.
41. A method as recited in claim 40 wherein the attribute values contained in the at least some elements are typed.
42. A method as recited in claim 40 further comprising an attribute index containing consistent pointers to all element objects containing attribute values.
43. A method as recited in claim 38 wherein step (b) comprises creating a database pointer in a parent element object which pointer points to child objects of the parent element object in order to arrange the parent object and child objects in a hierarchical relationship.
44. A method as recited in claim 38 further comprising (c) creating a schema document referenced by the data document in the memory, the schema document containing content that describes the pattern of element objects and attributes, the existence and structure of document indicies, and commonly used strings in the data document.
45. A method as recited in claim 44 wherein step (c) comprises creating the schema document referenced by an XML processing statement in the data document.
46. A method as recited in claim 38 further comprising (d) creating a binary document object in the memory for representing a data document containing binary data.
47. A method as recited in claim 38 further comprising (e) creating a document object in the memory for representing the data document.
48. A method as recited in claim 47 wherein the document object contains links to other document objects so that the other document objects are sub-documents of the document object.
49. A method as recited in claim 38 wherein each of the element objects exports a uniform interface containing methods for manipulating each of the element objects.
50. A method for binding program code in a memory to portions of an XML-compliant document composed of a plurality of elements, each of which is identified by a tag, the elements being arranged in a nested relationship, the XML-compliant document being stored in the memory and the method comprising:

(a) creating a data document in the memory including a plurality of element objects, each element object representing a part of the XML-compliant document, the plurality of element objects being arranged in a hierarchy representative of the nested relationship of the elements;
(b) creating a schema document referenced by the data document in the memory, the schema document containing a registry which maps a tag identifying one of the elements to a program ID code; and (c) using the program ID code to construct an object containing the program code.
51. A method as recited in claim 50 wherein the registry is a two-column table that maps element tags to program ID codes.
52. A method as recited in claim 50 wherein step (c) is initiated in response to a method call for retrieving the program ID code.
53. A method as recited in claim 50 wherein step (c) is performed by the COM
object manager and the program ID code is a ProgID code.
54. A method as recited in claim 53 wherein the COM manager performs the steps of using the ProgID code to locate the program code and constructing an object incorporating the located program code.
55. A method as recited in claim 50 wherein the schema document is referenced in the data document by an XML processing statement.
56. A method for representing and managing an XML-compliant document in a memory, the XML-compliant document being updated concurrently by a first process having a first address space in the memory and second process having a second address space in the memory, the method comprising:

(a) using a first storage manager controlled by the first process to construct, from class code in the first address space, at least one document object including first data representing a part of the XML-compliant document stored in the first address space;
(b) using a second storage manager controlled by the second process to construct, from class code in the second address space which class code is identical to the class code in the first address space, at least one document object including second data representing a part of the XML-compliant document stored in the second address space; and (c) insuring that the first data and the second data are continually equated.
57. A method as recited in claim 56 wherein the first data is stored in a region mapped into the first address space and the second data is stored in the same region mapped into the second address space and step (c) comprises continually equating the region data mapped in the first and second address spaces.
58. A method as recited in claim 57 wherein step (c) comprises requesting a copy of the region data from the first address space if the second address space does not have the most recent copy of the region data.
59. A method as recited in claim 57 wherein step (c) comprises locking the region data when the first process is changing the region data in the first address space.
60. A method as recited in claim 57 wherein step (c) comprises locking the region data when the second process is changing the region data in the second address space.
61. Apparatus as recited in claim 57 wherein the first process can perform read and write operations on the region and wherein the method further comprises (d) grouping a plurality of the read and write operations into a transaction.
62. A method as recited in claim 61 wherein step (c) comprises locking the region data during the processing of all read and write operations in a transaction.
63. A method as recited in claim 62 wherein step (c) further comprises periodically writing recovery log entries to a persistent database during the processing of all read and write operations in a transaction.
64. A method as recited in claim 56 further comprising (e) under the control of the first process, storing a copy of the region data in a non-volatile store.
65. A method as recited in claim 64 wherein the non-volatile store comprises an object store.
66. A method as recited in claim 64 wherein the non-volatile store comprises a file system.
67. A method as recited in claim 56 wherein step (c) is performed by a distributed memory system.
68. A method as recited in claim 56 further comprising (f) manipulating the first and second document objects with equivalent program code in both the first and second address spaces.
69. A method as recited in claim 56 further comprising (g) constructing a cross-process synchronization object that is used to synchronize the first and second processes.
70. A method for representing and managing an XML-compliant document in a memory, the XML-compliant document being composed of a plurality of elements, the elements being arranged in a nested relationship, the method comprising:

(a) creating a data document in the memory including a plurality of element objects, each element object representing a part of the XML-compliant document; and (b) mapping the element objects into a tabular data structure including an index structure.
71. A method as recited in claim 70 further comprising (c) propagating a set of updates for the tabular data structure to the collection manager in response to user commands.
72. A method as recited in claim 71 further comprising (d) updating the index structure in response to set of updates.
73. A method as recited in claim 72 further comprising (e) notifying the users when changes are made to the tabular data structure.
74. A method as recited in claim 73 further comprising (f) creating a cursor to allow the users to navigate within the tabular data structure.
75. A computer program product for representing and managing an XML-compliant document in a memory, the XML-compliant document being composed of a plurality of elements arranged in a nested relationship, the computer program product comprising a computer usable medium having computer readable program code thereon, including:

program code for creating a data document in the memory including a plurality of element objects, each element object representing a part of the XML-compliant document; and program code for arranging the plurality of element objects in a hierarchy representative of the nested relationship of the elements.
76. A computer program product for binding program code in a memory to portions of an XML-compliant document composed of a plurality of elements, each of which is identified by a tag, the elements being arranged in a nested relationship, the XML-compliant document being stored in the memory and the computer program product comprising a computer usable medium having computer readable program code thereon, including:

program code for creating a data document in the memory including a plurality of element objects, each element object representing a part of the XML-compliant document, the plurality of element objects being arranged in a hierarchy representative of the nested relationship of the elements;

program code for creating a schema document referenced by the data document in the memory, the schema document containing a registry which maps a tag identifying one of the elements to a program ID code; and program code for using the program ID code to construct an object containing the program code.
77. A computer program product for representing and managing an XML-compliant document in a memory, the XML-compliant document being updated concurrently by a first process having a first address space in the memory and second process having a second address space in the memory, the computer program product comprising a computer usable medium having computer readable program code thereon, including:

program code for using a first storage manager controlled by the first process to construct, from class code in the first address space, at least one document object including first data representing a part of the XML-compliant document stored in the first address space;

program code for using a second storage manager controlled by the second process to construct, from class code in the second address space which class code is identical to the class code in the first address space, at least one document object including second data representing a part of the XML-compliant document stored in the second address space; and program code for insuring that the first data and the second data are continually equated.
78. A computer program product for representing and managing an XML-compliant document in a memory, the XML-compliant document being composed of a plurality of elements, the elements being arranged in a nested relationship, the computer program product comprising a computer usable medium having computer readable program code thereon, including:
program code for creating a data document in the memory including a plurality of element objects, each element object representing a part of the XML-compliant document; and program code for mapping the element objects into a tabular data structure including an index structure.
79. A computer data signal embodied in a carrier wave for representing and managing an XML-compliant document in a memory, the XML-compliant document being composed of a plurality of elements arranged in a nested relationship, the computer data signal comprising:
program code for creating a data document in the memory including a plurality of element objects, each element object representing a part of the XML-compliant document; and program code for arranging the plurality of element objects in a hierarchy representative of the nested relationship of the elements.
80. A computer data signal embodied in a carrier wave for binding program code in a memory to portions of an XML-compliant document composed of a plurality of elements, each of which is identified by a tag, the elements being arranged in a nested relationship, the XML-compliant document being stored in the memory and the computer data signal comprising:

program code for creating a data document in the memory including a plurality of element objects, each element object representing a part of the XML-compliant document, the plurality of element objects being arranged in a hierarchy representative of the nested relationship of the elements;
program code for creating a schema document referenced by the data document in the memory, the schema document containing a registry which maps a tag identifying one of the elements to a program ID code; and program code for using the program ID code to construct an object containing the program code.
81. A computer data signal embodied in a carrier wave for representing and managing an XML-compliant document in a memory, the XML-compliant document being updated concurrently by a first process having a first address space in the memory and second process having a second address space in the memory, the computer data signal comprising:
program code for using a first storage manager controlled by the first process to construct, from class code in the first address space, at least one document object including first data representing a part of the XML-compliant document stored in the first address space;
program code for using a second storage manager controlled by the second process to construct, from class code in the second address space which class code is identical to the class code in the first address space, at least one document object including second data representing a part of the XML-compliant document stored in the second address space; and program code for insuring that the first data and the second data are continually equated.
82. A computer data signal for representing and managing an XML-compliant document in a memory, the XML-compliant document being composed of a plurality of elements, the elements being arranged in a nested relationship, the computer data signal comprising:
program code for creating a data document in the memory including a plurality of element objects, each element object representing a part of the XML-compliant document; and program code for mapping the element objects into a tabular data structure including an index structure.
CA2412318A 2000-06-06 2001-06-01 Method and apparatus for efficient management of xml documents Expired - Lifetime CA2412318C (en)

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US09/588,195 2000-06-06
US09/588,195 US6941510B1 (en) 2000-06-06 2000-06-06 Method and apparatus for efficient management of XML documents
PCT/US2001/017726 WO2001095155A2 (en) 2000-06-06 2001-06-01 Method and apparatus for efficient management of xml documents

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AU (1) AU2001265288A1 (en)
CA (2) CA2412318C (en)
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