CA2422636A1 - Acoustic switch and apparatus and methods for using acoustic switches within a body - Google Patents

Acoustic switch and apparatus and methods for using acoustic switches within a body Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2422636A1
CA2422636A1 CA002422636A CA2422636A CA2422636A1 CA 2422636 A1 CA2422636 A1 CA 2422636A1 CA 002422636 A CA002422636 A CA 002422636A CA 2422636 A CA2422636 A CA 2422636A CA 2422636 A1 CA2422636 A1 CA 2422636A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
acoustic
implant
electrical circuit
switch
energy storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002422636A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2422636C (en
Inventor
Avraham Penner
Eyal Doron
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Remon Medical Technologies Ltd Israel
Original Assignee
Remon Medical Technologies Ltd.
Avraham Penner
Eyal Doron
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Remon Medical Technologies Ltd., Avraham Penner, Eyal Doron filed Critical Remon Medical Technologies Ltd.
Publication of CA2422636A1 publication Critical patent/CA2422636A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2422636C publication Critical patent/CA2422636C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
    • A61N1/378—Electrical supply
    • A61N1/3787—Electrical supply from an external energy source
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0026—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by the transmission medium
    • A61B5/0028—Body tissue as transmission medium, i.e. transmission systems where the medium is the human body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0031—Implanted circuitry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/0215—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by means inserted into the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/07—Endoradiosondes
    • A61B5/076—Permanent implantations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14539—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring pH
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
    • A61N1/37211—Means for communicating with stimulators
    • A61N1/37217—Means for communicating with stimulators characterised by the communication link, e.g. acoustic or tactile
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/0601—Apparatus for use inside the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
    • A61N5/062—Photodynamic therapy, i.e. excitation of an agent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/02—Operational features
    • A61B2560/0204—Operational features of power management
    • A61B2560/0214—Operational features of power management of power generation or supply
    • A61B2560/0219—Operational features of power management of power generation or supply of externally powered implanted units
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0247—Pressure sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/028—Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/01—Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/03—Detecting, measuring or recording fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs
    • A61B5/031—Intracranial pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N2005/065—Light sources therefor
    • A61N2005/0651—Diodes

Abstract

An implant for insertion or implantation within a body includes an electrica l circuit for performing one or more commands when the implant is activated, a n energy storage device, and a switch coupled to the electrical circuit and th e energy storage device. An acoustic transducer is coupled to the switch, the acoustic transducer being activatable upon acoustic excitation by an externa l acoustic energy source for closing the switch to allow current flow from the energy storage device to the electrical circuit. The one or more commands includes measuring a physiological parameter with a biosensor coupled to the electrical circuit, or controlling a therapeutic device coupled to the electrical circuit. The therapeutic device or biosensor may be activated for a predetermined time or until the switch is opened in response to another acoustic excitation of the acoustic transducer.

Claims (26)

1. An implant for surgical insertion, implantation, or location within a body, comprising:

an electrical circuit configured for performing one or more commands when the implant is activated;

an energy storage device;

a switch coupled to the electrical circuit and the energy storage device; and an acoustic transducer coupled to the switch, the acoustic transducer being activatable upon acoustic excitation by an external acoustic energy source for closing the switch to allow current flow from the energy storage device to the electrical circuit.
2. The implant of claim 1, wherein the switch is configured such that the switch is closed only when the acoustic transducer receives a first acoustic excitation signal followed by a second acoustic excitation signal, the first and second acoustic excitation signals being separated by a predetermined delay.
3. The implant of claim 1, wherein the acoustic transducer is configured for receiving a first acoustic excitation signal and a second acoustic excitation signal, the switch being closed when the first acoustic excitation signal is received by the acoustic transducer, and the switch being opened when the second acoustic excitation signal is received by the acoustic transducer for discontinuing current flow from the energy storage device to the electrical circuit.
4. The implant of claim 1, further comprising a sensor coupled to the electrical circuit, and wherein the one or more commands comprises measuring a physiological parameter within the body using the sensor.
5. The implant of claim 4, wherein the electrical circuit comprises a transmitter for transmitting a signal proportional to the physiological parameter to a receiver located outside the body.
6. The implant of claim 4, wherein the acoustic transducer is coupled to the electrical circuit, and wherein the acoustic transducer is configured for transmitting a signal proportional to the physiological parameter to a receiver external to the body.
7. The implant of claim 4, further comprising a therapeutic device coupled to the electrical circuit, the electrical circuit being configured for controlling the therapeutic device in response to the physiological parameter measured by the sensor.
8. The implant of claim 1, wherein the one or more commands comprises activating an actuator coupled to the electrical circuit, the actuator being configured for controlling a therapeutic device coupled to the actuator.
9. The implant of claim 1, wherein the acoustic transducer comprises:

a cell member having a cavity;

a substantially flexible piezoelectric layer attached to the cell member, the piezoelectric layer having an external surface and an internal surface, the piezoelectric layer having predetermined dimensions for enabling fluctuations at its resonance frequency upon impinging of an external acoustic wave; and a first electrode attached to the external surface and a second electrode attached to the internal surface.
10. The implant of claim 1, wherein the energy storage device comprises a battery.
11. The implant of claim 1, wherein the energy storage device comprises a rechargeable device, the rechargeable device being rechargeable by a device external to the body.
12. The implant of claim 1, wherein the acoustic transducer is configured for receiving a first acoustic excitation signal followed by a second acoustic excitation signal, the electrical circuit configured for interpreting the second acoustic excitation signal as one of a predetermined set of commands.
13. The implant of claim 1, further comprising a timer coupled to the switch, the timer configured for opening the switch after a predetermined time has passed after the switch is initially closed.
14. A method for transmitting information to an implant comprising an acoustic switch coupled to an electrical circuit and an energy storage device, the implant being located within a body, the method comprising:

transmitting an acoustic activation signal from a source located outside of the body towards the implant, and closing the acoustic switch in response to the acoustic activation signal, whereupon current flows from the energy storage device to the electrical circuit.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the electrical circuit performs one or more commands when the switch is closed.
16. The method of claim 15,wherein the one or more commands comprises measuring a physiological parameter within the body.
17. The method of claim 16, further comprising transmitting a signal proportional to the physiological parameter from the implant to a receiver located outside the body.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the one or more commands comprises controlling a therapeutic device within the body in response to the physiological parameter.
19. The method of claim 14, wherein the acoustic switch remains closed until the energy storage device is depleted.
20. The method of claim 14, wherein the acoustic switch automatically opens after a predetermined time to discontinue current flow from the energy storage device to the electrical circuit.
21. The method of claim 14, further comprising transmitting an acoustic termination signal from a source located outside of the body towards the implant, the acoustic switch opening in response to the acoustic termination signal to discontinue current flow from the energy storage device to the electrical circuit.
22. The method of claim 14, wherein the acoustic activation signal comprises a first acoustic excitation signal and a second acoustic excitation signal separated by a predetermined delay.
23. The method of claim 14, further comprising transmitting an acoustic command signal from a source outside the body to the implant following the acoustic activation signal, the acoustic switch sending an electrical command signal to the electrical circuit in response to the acoustic command signal.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein the electrical circuit interprets the electrical command signal to perform one or more pre-defined commands.
25. The method of claim 23, wherein the electrical circuit performs one of a plurality of known commands in response to the electrical command signal.
26. The method of claim 14, further comprising charging the energy storage device with an energy source located outside the body before transmitting the acoustic activation signal.
CA2422636A 2000-10-16 2001-10-15 Acoustic switch and apparatus and methods for using acoustic switches within a body Expired - Fee Related CA2422636C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/690,615 2000-10-16
US09/690,615 US6628989B1 (en) 2000-10-16 2000-10-16 Acoustic switch and apparatus and methods for using acoustic switches within a body
PCT/IL2001/000951 WO2002032502A1 (en) 2000-10-16 2001-10-15 Acoustic switch and apparatus and methods for using acoustic switches within a body

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2422636A1 true CA2422636A1 (en) 2002-04-25
CA2422636C CA2422636C (en) 2012-07-31

Family

ID=24773194

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2422636A Expired - Fee Related CA2422636C (en) 2000-10-16 2001-10-15 Acoustic switch and apparatus and methods for using acoustic switches within a body

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6628989B1 (en)
EP (2) EP1331969B1 (en)
JP (2) JP4489348B2 (en)
AU (1) AU2002212637A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2422636C (en)
WO (1) WO2002032502A1 (en)

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