CA2426230A1 - Extruded non-wood fiber plastic composites - Google Patents

Extruded non-wood fiber plastic composites Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2426230A1
CA2426230A1 CA002426230A CA2426230A CA2426230A1 CA 2426230 A1 CA2426230 A1 CA 2426230A1 CA 002426230 A CA002426230 A CA 002426230A CA 2426230 A CA2426230 A CA 2426230A CA 2426230 A1 CA2426230 A1 CA 2426230A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
polymer
composition
cellulosic fiber
cellulosic
lubricant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002426230A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2426230C (en
Inventor
Joseph B. Williams
Kenneth S. Geick
Ahmed M. Tafesh
Xiao Jiang
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Lonza LLC
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Individual
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Filing date
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2426230A1 publication Critical patent/CA2426230A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2426230C publication Critical patent/CA2426230C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils

Abstract

This invention is directed to an extrudable compound, an extrusion method using a polymer, a cellulosic fiber, and at least one lubricant selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated esters of hydantoins, ethoxylated esters of sorbitol and sorbitan, and ethylene bissamides made from fatty acids containing 6-10 carbons and composites manufactured through such processes which simulate conventional wood products.
Another embodiment of the invention is directed to a composition containing polymer, a cellulosic fiber from an agricultural waste product and a lubricant containing a mixture of an alkylene bissamide derived from a C10-C18 fatty acid and an alkaline earth salt of a fatty acid.

Claims (38)

1. A polymer-cellulosic fiber composition comprising from about 30 to about 70 wt.% polymer admixed with about 70 to about 30 wt.% cellulosic fiber and from about 1 to about 7 wt.%
lubricant selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated esters of hydantoins, ethoxylated esters of sorbitol and sorbitan, and ethylene bissamides made from fatty acids containing 6-10 carbons.
2. The polymer-cellulosic fiber composition of claim 1, wherein the polymer is a high-density polyethylene.
3. The polymer-cellulosic composition of claim 1, wherein the cellulosic fiber is oak, pine, or maple, straw, corn stalks, rice hulls, wheat, oat, barley and oat chaff, coconut shells, peanut shells, walnut shells, jute, hemp, bagasse, bamboo, flax, kenaff, or a combination thereof.
4. The polymer-cellulosic fiber composition of claim 1, wherein about 40 to about 60 wt. % of the cellulosic fiber is present in the composition.
5. The polymer-cellulosic composition of claim 1, wherein about 2 to about 4 wt.% of the lubricant is present in the composition, the polymer is a high-density polyethylene and the cellulosic fiber is pine flour.
6. The polymer-cellulosic composition of claim 1, wherein about 3 to about 6 wt.% of the lubricant is present in the composition, the polymer is a high-density polyethylene and the cellulosic fiber is oak flour.
7. The polymer-cellulosic composition of claim 1, wherein about 40 to about 60 wt.% of the polymer is present in the composition.
8. The polymer-cellulosic composition of claim 1, further comprising from about 2% to about 10%
talc.
9. A process for the preparation of a polymer-cellulosic fiber plastic composite, comprising:
(a) mixing from about 30 to about 70 wt.% polymer, from about 70 to about 30 wt.% cellulosic fiber, and from about 1 to about 7 wt.% lubricant to form a mixture ;
(b) drying the mixture obtained in step (a) for about 10 to about 16 hours at about from 100 to about 120°C under a vacuum of between about 680 to about 720 mm Hg;
(c) extruding the mixture obtained in step (b) at a temperature not more than about 170° C;
(d) passing the extruded profile through a cooling chamber containing a plurality of water sprays; and (e) cutting and collecting the extrudate.
10. The process according to claim 9, wherein the cellulosic: fiber is oak, pine, maple, straw, corn stalks, rice hulls, wheat, oat, barley and oat chaff, coconut shells, peanut shells, walnut shells, jute, hemp, bagasse, bamboo, flax, kenaff, or a combination thereof.
11. The process of claim 10 wherein the cellulosic fiber is screened to obtain a mixture of fibers having varying sizes in the range of about 10 to about 100 mesh.
12. The process according to claim 9, wherein the polymer is high-density polyethylene.
13. The process according to claim 9, wherein the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated esters of hydantoins, ethoxylated esters of sorbitol and sorbitan, ethylene bisamides made from fatty acids containing 6-10 ccarbons and combinations thereof.
14. The process according to claim 9, wherein about 40 to about 60 wt. % of the cellulosic fiber is present in the polymer-cellulosic composite.
15. The process according to claim 9, wherein about 60 to about 4.0 wt. % of the polymer is present in the polymer-cellulosic composite.
16. The process according to claim 9, wherein about 2 to about 4 wt. % of the lubricant is prevent in the polymer-cellulosic composite, the polymer is a high-density polyethylene and the cellulosic fiber is pine flour.
17. The process according to claim 9, wherein about 3 to about 6 wt. % of the lubricant is present in the composite, the polymer is a high-density polyethylene and the cellulosic fiber is oak flour.
18. An extrudable composition comprising from about 30 to about 70 wt.%
polymer; from about 70 to about 30 wt.% cellulosic fiber and from about 1 to about 7 wt. %
lubricant selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated esters of hydantoins, ethoxylated esters of sorbitan, ethylene bisamides made from fatty acids containing 6-10 carbon 5 and combinations thereof.
19. The extrudable composition of claim 18, wherein the polymer is a high-density polyethylene.
20. The extrudable composition of claim 18, wherein the cellulosic fiber is oak, pine, maple straw, corn stalks, rice hulls, wheat, oat, barley and oat chaff, coconut shells, peanut shells, walnut shells, jute, hemp, bagasse, bamboo, flax, kenaff, or a combination thereof.
21. The extrudable composition of claim 18, wherein about 40 to about 60 wt. %
of the cellulosic fiber is present in the composition.
22. The extrudable composition of claim 18, wherein about 2 to about 4 wt. %
of the lubricant is present in the composition, the polymer is a high-density polyethylene and the cellulosic fiber is pine flour.
23. The extrudable composition according to claim 18, wherein about 3 to about 6 wt. % of the lubricant is present in the composition, the polymer is a high-density polyethylene and the cellulosic fiber is oak flour.
24. The extrudable composition of claim 18, wherein about 60 to about 40 wt. %
of the polymer is present in the composition.
25. A composition prepared by the process comprising:
(a) mixing from about 30 to about 70 wt.% polymer, from about 70 to about 30 wt. %
cellulosic fiber, and from about 1 to about 7 wt. % lubricant to form a mixture ;
(b) drying the mixture obtained in step (a) for about from 10 to about 16 hours at from about 100 to about 120 C under a vacuum of between about 680 to about 720 mm Hg;
(c) extruding the mixture obtained in step (b) at a maximum temperature of about 170° C;
(d) passing the extruded profile through a cooling chamber containing a plurality of water sprays; and (e) cutting and collecting said extrudate profile.
26. The composition according to claim 25, wherein the cellulosic fiber is oak, pine, maple, straw, corn stalks, rice hulls, wheat, oat, barley and oat chaff, coconut shells, peanut shells, walnut shells, jute, hemp, bagasse, bamboo, flax, kenaff, or a combination thereof.
27. The composition according to claim 25, wherein the cellulosic fibers are screened to obtain a mixture of fibers having varying sizes.
28. The composition according to claim 25, wherein the polymer is high-density polyethylene.
29. The composition according to claim 25, wherein the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated esters of hydantoins, ethoxylated esters of sorbitol and sorbitan, and ethylene bissamides made from fatty acids containing 6-10 carbons.
30. The composition according to claim 25, wherein about 40 to about 60 wt. %
of the cellulosic fiber is present in the polymer-wood composite.
31. The composition according to claim 25, wherein about 60 to about 40 wt. %
of the polymer is present in the polymer-wood composite.
32. The composition according to claim 25, wherein about 2 to about 4 wt. % of the lubricant is present in the polymer-cellulosic composite, the polyolefinic polymer is a high-density polyethylene and the cellulosic fiber is pine flour.
33. The process according to claim 25, wherein about 3 to about 6 wt. % of the lubricant is present in the polymer-wood composite, the polyolefinic polymer is a high-density polyethylene and the cellulosic fiber is oak flour.
34. A polymer-cellulosic fiber composition comprising from about 30 to about 70% wt.% polymer admixed with about 70 to about 30 wt. % cellulosic fiber derived from an agricultural waste product and from about 1 to about 7 wt.% lubricant selected from the group consisting of an amide, an alkylene bissamide or a combination thereof.
35. The extrudable composition of claim 34, wherein the lubricant contains a diamide having the formula where R is C10 - C18 and R' is H or C1 - C8 alkyl.
36. The extrudable composition of claim 34, wherein the lubricant is a mixture of ethylene bisstearamide and zinc stearate.
37. The polymer-cellulosic fiber composition of claim 34 wherein the agricultural waste product comprises straw, corn stalks; rice hulls, wheat, oat, barley and oat chaff, coconut shells, peanut shells, walnut shells, jute, hemp, bagasse, bamboo, flax, kenaff, or a combination thereof.
38. The polymer-cellulosic fiber composition of claim 34, wherein the polymer is high-density polyethylene.
CA2426230A 2002-04-18 2003-04-16 Extruded non-wood fiber plastic composites Expired - Fee Related CA2426230C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US37399002P 2002-04-18 2002-04-18
US60/373,990 2002-04-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2426230A1 true CA2426230A1 (en) 2003-10-18
CA2426230C CA2426230C (en) 2012-04-10

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CA (1) CA2426230C (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2426230C (en) 2012-04-10
US7151125B2 (en) 2006-12-19
US20030229160A1 (en) 2003-12-11

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