CA2443981A1 - Ultra low nox emissions combustion system for gas turbine engines - Google Patents

Ultra low nox emissions combustion system for gas turbine engines Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2443981A1
CA2443981A1 CA002443981A CA2443981A CA2443981A1 CA 2443981 A1 CA2443981 A1 CA 2443981A1 CA 002443981 A CA002443981 A CA 002443981A CA 2443981 A CA2443981 A CA 2443981A CA 2443981 A1 CA2443981 A1 CA 2443981A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
combustion
sub
cat
dle
fuel
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002443981A
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French (fr)
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CA2443981C (en
Inventor
Bernhard Fischer
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Pratt and Whitney Canada Corp
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Individual
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Publication of CA2443981A1 publication Critical patent/CA2443981A1/en
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Publication of CA2443981C publication Critical patent/CA2443981C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • F23C13/02—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material characterised by arrangements for starting the operation, e.g. for heating the catalytic material to operating temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/34—Feeding into different combustion zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/36—Supply of different fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/40—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the use of catalytic means

Abstract

A combustion system for a gas turbine engine includes a Catalyst (CAT) combustion sub-system for generating combustion products under a lean premix ed fuel/air condition in the presence of a Catalyst and a Dry-Low-Emissions (DL E) combustion sub-system, for generating combustion products under a lean premixed fuel/air condition. Gaseous and liquid fuels are used for the DLE combustion sub-system while only gaseous fuel is used for the CAT combustion system. The engine operates at start-up and under low load conditions with t he DLE combustion system and switches over the combustion process to the CAT combustion sub-system under high load conditions. Thus the combustion system according to the invention combines the advantages of DLE and CAT combustion processes so that the gas turbine engine operates over an entire operating range thereof at high engine efficiency while minimizing emissions of nitrog en oxides and carbon monoxide from the engine.

Claims (13)

1. A method of operating a combustor for a gas turbine engine over an entire operating range thereof at high engine efficiency, while minimizing emissions of nitrogen oxides NO x and carbon monoxide CO from the engine, comprising:
under low load conditions supplying a fuel and an air flow to a Dry-Low-Emissions (DLE) combustion system of the combustor to generate combustion products;
under high load conditions stopping the fuel and air flow to a DLE combustion and supplying a fuel and air flow to a Catalyst (CAT) combustion system of the combustor to generate combustor products; and the low and high load conditions being defined by a predetermined power level, the predetermined power level being associated with an adequate catalyst inlet temperature so that the combustion procedure of the combustor switches over from the DLE combustion system to the CAT combustion system when the adequate catalyst inlet temperature can be achieved, resulting from increasing of an engine power level.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the catalyst inlet temperature is controlled within catalyst operating conditions for engine loads between the predetermined power level and the full load condition by adjusting air flow to the CAT combustion system.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the catalyst inlet temperature is controlled within catalyst operating conditions for engine loads between the predetermined power level and the full load condition by adding heat to the CAT combustion system from combustor cooling heat transfer.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the combustion products from either one of the DLE and CAT
combustion systems are maintained in the combustor for an extended residence time to convert CO formed in the combustion products to CO2.
5. A method of operating a combustor for a gas turbine engine under engine operating conditions from idle to full load at high engine efficiency while minimizing emissions of nitrogen oxides NO x and carbon monoxide CO from the engine, comprising:
incorporating a Dry-Low-Emissions (DLE) combustion system and a Catalyst (CAT) combustion system into the combustor;
providing an air control system and a fuel injection system for supplying fuel and air flow to the DLE
combustion system to generate combustion products under low load conditions, and for supplying fuel and air flow to the CAT combustion system to generate combustor products under high load conditions; and providing a control means for switching over the combustion procedure of the combustor from the DLE combustion system to the CAT combustion system when an adequate catalyst inlet temperature can be achieved, resulting from increasing engine power level.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5 wherein the fuel injection system is adapted to supply gaseous fuel to the CAT combustion system and both gaseous and liquid fuel to the DLE combustion system.
7. A low-emissions combustion system for a gas turbine engine comprising:
a Dry-Low-Emissions (DLE) combustion sub-system for generating combustion products under a lean premixed fuel/air condition;
a Catalyst (CAT) combustion sub-system for generating combustion products under a lean premixed fuel/air condition in the presence of a catalyst;
a combustor scroll connected to the DLE and CAT
combustion sub-systems for delivering the combustion products in adequate inlet conditions to an annular turbine of the engine;
a fuel injection sub-system for injecting fuel into the respective DLE and CAT combustion sub-systems;
an air supply sub-system for supplying air to the respective DLE and CAT combustion sub-systems;
and a control sub-system for controlling the fuel injection and air supply sub-systems to selectively inject fuel and selectively supply air to the respective DLE and CAT combustion sub-systems.
8. A low-emissions combustion system as claimed in claim 7 wherein the combustor scroll includes a transition section and is connected through the transition section to both the DLE and CAT combustion sub-systems.
9. A low-emissions combustion system as claimed in claim 7 wherein the fuel injection and air supply sub-systems are controlled to selectively inject fuel and supply air only to the DLE combustion sub-system when the engine is operated under low load conditions, and to selectively inject fuel and supply air only to the CAT combustion sub-system when the engine is operated under high load conditions.
10. A low-emissions combustion system as claimed in claim 7 wherein the control sub-system includes temperature sensing means for measuring compressor discharge air temperature, and is adapted to switch the fuel injection and the air supply from the DLE
combustion sub-system to the CAT combustion sub-system when the compressor discharge air temperature reaches a predetermined level to ensure an adequate catalyst inlet temperature.
11. A low-emissions combustion system as claimed in claim 7 wherein the fuel injection sub-system is adapted to selectively inject gaseous and liquid fuel into the DLE combustion sub-system.
12. A low-emissions combustion system as claimed in claim 7 wherein the fuel injection sub-system is adapted to inject gaseous fuel into the CAT
combustion sub-system.
13. A low-emissions combustion system as claimed in claim 7 wherein the air supply sub-system includes a by-pass passage for permitting compressor discharge air to controllably by-pass the DLE and CAT
combustion sub-systems to ensure that an adequate fuel/air ratio of the fuel/air mixture entering DLE
and CAT combustion sub-systems is independent from engine operating conditions.
CA2443981A 2001-04-30 2002-04-10 Ultra low nox emissions combustion system for gas turbine engines Expired - Fee Related CA2443981C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/843,753 US6532743B1 (en) 2001-04-30 2001-04-30 Ultra low NOx emissions combustion system for gas turbine engines
US09/843,753 2001-04-30
PCT/CA2002/000502 WO2002088603A1 (en) 2001-04-30 2002-04-10 Ultra low nox emissions combustion system for gas turbine engines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2443981A1 true CA2443981A1 (en) 2002-11-07
CA2443981C CA2443981C (en) 2010-07-20

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2443981A Expired - Fee Related CA2443981C (en) 2001-04-30 2002-04-10 Ultra low nox emissions combustion system for gas turbine engines

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US6532743B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1384033B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004524507A (en)
CA (1) CA2443981C (en)
DE (1) DE60235803D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002088603A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2002088603A1 (en) 2002-11-07
EP1384033B1 (en) 2010-03-31
US6532743B1 (en) 2003-03-18
JP2004524507A (en) 2004-08-12
CA2443981C (en) 2010-07-20
US20030131598A1 (en) 2003-07-17
DE60235803D1 (en) 2010-05-12
US6629414B2 (en) 2003-10-07
EP1384033A1 (en) 2004-01-28

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