CA2470997A1 - Nebulizer apparatus and method - Google Patents

Nebulizer apparatus and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2470997A1
CA2470997A1 CA002470997A CA2470997A CA2470997A1 CA 2470997 A1 CA2470997 A1 CA 2470997A1 CA 002470997 A CA002470997 A CA 002470997A CA 2470997 A CA2470997 A CA 2470997A CA 2470997 A1 CA2470997 A1 CA 2470997A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
fluid
air inlet
fluid channel
chamber
pressurized gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002470997A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2470997C (en
Inventor
Jerry P. Grychowski
Martin P. Foley
Rick Blacker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trudell Medical International
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CA2735588A priority Critical patent/CA2735588C/en
Publication of CA2470997A1 publication Critical patent/CA2470997A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2470997C publication Critical patent/CA2470997C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/06—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes of the injector type
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/001—Particle size control
    • A61M11/002—Particle size control by flow deviation causing inertial separation of transported particles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0091—Inhalators mechanically breath-triggered
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0091—Inhalators mechanically breath-triggered
    • A61M15/0093—Inhalators mechanically breath-triggered without arming or cocking, e.g. acting directly on the delivery valve

Abstract

A nebulizer for efficiently and reliably delivering aerosolized fluid to an inhaling patient is disclosed. The nebulizer includes a fluid channel air inlet and fluid channel air inlet valve responsive to either a manual force external of the nebulizer, or a patient's breathing, to begin the nebulizati on process. Also provided is a method of providing nebulization including the steps ofmoving a fluid channel air inlet valve against a fluid channel air inlet so that a negative pressure may build up over the fluid in the fluid channel to draw fluid from the fluid reservoir and begin nebulization during inhalation.

Claims (35)

1. ~A nebulizer comprising:
a housing having an ambient air inlet and a chamber for holding an aerosol;~
an air outlet communicating with the chamber for permitting the aerosol to be withdrawn from the chamber;
a pressurized gas inlet adjacent a fluid orifice, the pressurized gas inlet in communication with the chamber and the fluid orifice in communication with a fluid channel; and, a fluid channel air inlet valve movably disposed across a fluid channel air inlet, wherein the fluid channel air inlet is in communication with the fluid channel and the fluid orifice.
2. ~The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a diverter positioned in the chamber adjacent to the pressurized gas inlet.
3. ~The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the fluid channel air inlet valve comprises a flexible membrane.
4. ~The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the flexible membrane comprises an elastomer.
5. ~The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the flexible membrane comprises one of silicone and rubber.
6. ~The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the ambient air inlet comprises an ambient air inlet valve.
7. ~The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the ambient air inlet valve comprises a one-way valve positioned to permit an intake of ambient air into the chamber and prevent an escape of air from the chamber.
8. ~The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the ambient air inlet valve comprises a duck-bill valve.
9. ~The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the ambient air inlet valve comprises an umbrella valve.
10. ~The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the fluid orifice comprises an opening defined by an outer diameter of the pressurized gas inlet and an inner diameter of an end of a pressurized gas inlet cover.
11. ~The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the diverter and the pressurized gas inlet are spaced apart at a fixed distance and the diverter is positioned to redirect a flow of pressurized gas at a substantially perpendicular direction from an initial direction of the flow of pressurized gas from the pressurized gas inlet.
12. ~The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pressurized gas inlet is oriented perpendicular to the fluid orifice.
13. ~The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the pressurized gas inlet comprises a cone-shaped nozzle and the pressurized gas inlet cover comprises a cone-shaped sleeve coaxially positioned around the cone-shaped nozzle.
14. ~The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fluid orifice is in communication with a fluid reservoir positioned inside the nebulizer.
15. ~A nebulizer for providing an aerosol to an inhaling patient, the nebulizer comprising:
a housing having an air inlet and a chamber for holding the aerosol;
an air outlet communicating with the chamber for permitting the aerosol to be withdrawn from the chamber;
a pressurized gas inlet located in the chamber;
a fluid orifice located in the chamber adjacent the pressurized gas inlet, the fluid orifice in communication with a fluid channel and in a fixed position relative to the pressurized gas inlet; and a fluid channel air inlet valve movably disposed across a fluid channel air inlet, wherein the fluid channel air inlet is in communication with the fluid channel and the fluid orifice.
16. ~The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising a diverter positioned adjacent the pressurized gas inlet and in a fixed position relative to the pressurized gas inlet.
17. ~A nebulizer for generating an aerosol, the nebulizer comprising;
a housing having an air inlet and a chamber for holding the aerosol;
an air outlet communicating with the chamber for permitting the aerosol to be withdrawn from the chamber;
a pressurized gas inlet located in the chamber;
a fluid orifice positioned at a fixed location in the chamber relative to the pressurized gas inlet, the fluid orifice in communication with a fluid channel;
a diverter positioned in the chamber in a fixed position relative to the pressurized gas inlet and the fluid orifice, wherein pressurized gas from the pressurized gas inlet is diverted over the fluid orifice;
a fluid channel air inlet in communication with the fluid channel;
and a fluid channel air inlet valve movably positioned adjacent the fluid channel air inlet, wherein the fluid channel air inlet valve is moveable in response to a patient's breathing between a nebulizing position, where the fluid channel air inlet valve seals against the fluid channel air inlet to permit a negative pressure to draw a fluid through the fluid channel, and a non-nebulizing position, wherein the fluid channel air inlet valve permits air to enter the fluid channel air inlet so as to prevent formation of a negative pressure sufficient to draw the fluid through the fluid channel.
18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the fluid channel air inlet valve is positioned in the housing such that a first side of the valve is in contact with ambient air outside the container and a second side of the valve is in contact with a body of air inside the chamber, whereby the nebulizer may be actuated by physical contact with the first side of the valve.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising a removable cap sized to hold the fluid channel air inlet valve in the nebulizing position, wherein the nebulizer continuously nebulizes the fluid.
20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the cap is connected with the nebulizer by a tether.~
21. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein a one-way air inlet valve is disposed over the air inlet.
22. The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising a one-way exhalation valve disposed on the housing and configured to allow air to escape the chamber upon exhalation.~
23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the fluid channel air inlet valve, air inlet valve and exhalation valve are integrally formed of a single material.
24. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising a substantially rigid grid member disposed over the housing, wherein the fluid channel air inlet valve is captured between the grid member and the housing.
25. The apparatus of claim 22, further comprising a substantially rigid grid member attached to the container, wherein at least one of the fluid channel air inlet valve, exhalation valve and air inlet valve are captured between the grid member and the container, whereby the grid member prevents damage to the valves.
26. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the fluid channel is defined by a hollow passage that is defined by a first wall that is integrally formed with the container and a second wall that is movably connectable with the first wall.
27. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the air inlet is configured to receive a supply of air from an air supply system.
28. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the air inlet is configured to receive ambient air from outside the container.
29. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the fluid orifice comprises an opening defined by an outer diameter of the pressurized gas inlet and an inner diameter of an end of a pressurized gas inlet cover.
30. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the fluid pathway comprises at least one channel defined by a recessed longitudinal groove in at least one of the outer diameter of the pressurized gas inlet and the inner diameter of the pressurized gas inlet cover.
31. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the pressurized gas inlet comprises a nozzle and the pressurized gas inlet cover comprises a nozzle cover coaxially positioned around the nozzle, wherein at least a portion of the nozzle cover is movable with respect to the nozzle.
32. A method of providing a patient with an aerosol flow of fluid comprising:
providing a nebulizer having an air inlet for receiving air and an outlet for delivering the aerosol to the patient, a chamber in communication with the outlet, a fluid orifice in communication with a fluid channel, and a fluid channel air inlet valve responsive to a change of pressure in the chamber to seal a fluid channel air inlet;
inhaling air from the chamber through the outlet;

moving the fluid channel air inlet valve so that the fluid channel air inlet valve moves from an initial position spaced away from the fluid channel air inlet to a second position where the fluid channel air inlet valve seals against the fluid channel air inlet;
creating a negative pressure over fluid in the fluid channel by directing pressurized gas over the fluid orifice; and drawing medication through the fluid orifice with the negative pressure.
33. A nebulizer comprising:
a housing having an ambient air inlet and a chamber for holding an aerosol;
an air outlet communicating with the chamber for permitting the aerosol to be withdrawn from the chamber;
a fluid orifice in communication with a fluid channel and fluid in a fluid reservoir;
a pressurized gas inlet adjacent the fluid orifice and in a fixed position relative to the fluid orifice, the pressurized gas inlet in communication with the chamber;
a diverter positioned in the chamber in a fixed position relative to the pressurized gas inlet; and, means responsive to an inhalation through the air outlet for generating a negative pressure over fluid in the fluid channel.
34. A nebulizer comprising:
a housing having a chamber for holding an aerosol;
an air outlet communicating with the chamber for permitting the aerosol to be withdrawn from the chamber;
a fluid orifice in communication with a fluid channel and fluid in a fluid reservoir;

a pressurized gas inlet adjacent the fluid orifice and in a fixed position relative to the fluid orifice, the pressurized gas inlet in communication with the chamber; and, a valve responsive to an inhalation through the air outlet fox sealing against a fluid channel air inlet and allowing ambient air to enter the chamber such that a negative pressure is generated over fluid in the fluid channel and the fluid is drawn up and nebulized.
35. The apparatus of claim 34, further comprising a diverter positioned in the chamber in a fixed position relative to the pressurized gas inlet
CA2470997A 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method Expired - Lifetime CA2470997C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2735588A CA2735588C (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US34517301P 2001-12-21 2001-12-21
US60/345,173 2001-12-21
US10/306,886 2002-11-27
US10/306,886 US6994083B2 (en) 2001-12-21 2002-11-27 Nebulizer apparatus and method
PCT/IB2002/005524 WO2003053500A1 (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2735588A Division CA2735588C (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2470997A1 true CA2470997A1 (en) 2003-07-03
CA2470997C CA2470997C (en) 2011-06-07

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ID=26975416

Family Applications (5)

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CA2735588A Expired - Lifetime CA2735588C (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method
CA2470997A Expired - Lifetime CA2470997C (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method
CA2904480A Abandoned CA2904480A1 (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method
CA2820985A Expired - Lifetime CA2820985C (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method
CA2761112A Expired - Lifetime CA2761112C (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method

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CA2735588A Expired - Lifetime CA2735588C (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2904480A Abandoned CA2904480A1 (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method
CA2820985A Expired - Lifetime CA2820985C (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method
CA2761112A Expired - Lifetime CA2761112C (en) 2001-12-21 2002-12-19 Nebulizer apparatus and method

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (5) US6994083B2 (en)
EP (2) EP1455871B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002353372A1 (en)
CA (5) CA2735588C (en)
DE (3) DE60215046T2 (en)
ES (2) ES2317395T3 (en)
MX (1) MXPA04006199A (en)
WO (1) WO2003053500A1 (en)

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