CA2474912A1 - Electrochemical biosensor strip for analysis of liquid samples - Google Patents

Electrochemical biosensor strip for analysis of liquid samples Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2474912A1
CA2474912A1 CA002474912A CA2474912A CA2474912A1 CA 2474912 A1 CA2474912 A1 CA 2474912A1 CA 002474912 A CA002474912 A CA 002474912A CA 2474912 A CA2474912 A CA 2474912A CA 2474912 A1 CA2474912 A1 CA 2474912A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
electrode
biosensor strip
working
biosensor
strip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002474912A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2474912C (en
Inventor
Shridhara A. Karinka
Geoffrey R. Chambers
Gurdial Sanghera
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Abbott Laboratories
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2474912A1 publication Critical patent/CA2474912A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2474912C publication Critical patent/CA2474912C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/001—Enzyme electrodes
    • C12Q1/002—Electrode membranes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
    • G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
    • G01N27/327—Biochemical electrodes, e.g. electrical or mechanical details for in vitro measurements
    • G01N27/3271—Amperometric enzyme electrodes for analytes in body fluids, e.g. glucose in blood
    • G01N27/3272—Test elements therefor, i.e. disposable laminated substrates with electrodes, reagent and channels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
    • G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
    • G01N33/54373—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
    • G01N33/5438—Electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5023—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures with a sample being transported to, and subsequently stored in an absorbent for analysis

Abstract

A biosensor in the form of a strip. In one embodiment, the biosensor strip comprises an electrode support, a first electrode, i. e., a working electrode, a second electrode, i.e., a counter electrode, and a third electrode, i.e., a reference electrode. Each of the electrodes is disposed on and supported by the electrode support. Each of the electrodes is spaced apart from the other two electrodes. The biosensor strip can include a covering layer, which defines an enclosed space over the electrodes. This enclosed space includes a zone where an analyte in the sample reacts with reagent(s) deposited at the working electrode. This zone is referred to as the reaction zone. The covering layer has an aperture for receiving a sample for introduction into the reaction zone. The biosensor strip can also include at least one layer of mesh interposed in the enclosed space between the covering layer and the electrodes in the reaction zone. This layer of mesh facilitates transporting of the sample to the electrodes in the reaction zone. In another embodiment, a biosensor strip can be constructed to provide a configuration that will allow the sample to be introduced to the reaction zone by action of capillary force.
In this embodiment, the layer of mesh can be omitted. The invention also provides a method for determining the concentration of glucose in a sample of whole blood by using the biosensor of this invention.

Claims (27)

1. A biosensor strip comprising:
(a) an electrode support;
(b) a first electrode disposed on said electrode support, said first electrode being a working electrode, said working electrode comprising a working ink deposited on an electrically conductive material;
(c) a second electrode disposed on said electrode support, said second electrode being a reference electrode; and (d) a third electrode disposed on said electrode support, said third electrode being a counter electrode, said counter electrode comprising an electrically conductive material.
2. The biosensor strip of claim 1, wherein said reference electrode comprises a reference ink.
3. The biosensor strip of claim 1, wherein said reference electrode comprises a conductive material.
4. The biosensor strip of claim 3, wherein said reference electrode further comprises a working ink deposited on said conductive material.
5. The biosensor strip of claim 1, wherein said working ink comprises an enzyme and a mediator.
6. The biosensor strip of claim 5 wherein said enzyme is selected from the group consisting of glucose oxidase and glucose dehydrogenase.
7. The biosensor strip of claim 5, wherein said mediator is a ferricyanide salt.
8. The biosensor strip of claim 5, wherein said mediator is ferrocene or a derivative thereof.
9. The biosensor strip of claim 5, wherein said mediator is a phenanthroline quinone or a derivative thereof.
10. The biosensor strip of claim 1, further comprising a covering layer defining an enclosed space over said electrodes, said covering layer having an aperture for receiving a sample into said enclosed space.
11. The biosensor strip of claim 10, further comprising a least one layer of mesh interposed in the enclosed space between said covering layer and said electrodes.
12. The biosensor strip of claim 1, wherein said counter electrode is positioned relative to said working electrode and said reference electrode such that a liquid sample will contact said working electrode and said reference electrode prior to contacting said counter electrode.
13. A method for determining the concentration of an analyte in a sample of biological fluid, said method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing the biosensor strip of claim 1;
(b) applying said biological fluid to said biosensor strip;
(c) inserting said biosensor strip into an analyte monitor;
(d) applying a voltage at the working electrode with respect to the reference electrode;
(e) measuring the current flowing between the working electrode and the counter electrode; and (f) correlating the current measured to the concentration of said analyte.
14. A biosensor strip comprising:
(a) an electrode support;
(b) a cover layer;
(c) a spacer layer interposed between said electrode support and said cover layer;
(b) a first electrode, said first electrode being a working electrode, said working electrode comprising working ink deposited on an electrically conductive material;
electrode;
(c) a second electrode, said second electrode being a reference and (d) a third electrode, said third electrode being a counter electrode, said counter electrode comprising an electrically conductive material, said electrode-bearing major surface of said first electrode support facing said electrode-bearing surface of said second electrode support.
15. The biosensor strip of claim 14, wherein said reference electrode comprises a reference ink.
16. The biosensor strip of claim 14, wherein said reference electrode comprises a conductive material.
17. The biosensor strip of claim 16, wherein said reference electrode further comprises a working ink deposited on said conductive material.
18. The biosensor strip of claim 14, wherein said working ink comprises an enzyme and a mediator.
19. The biosensor strip of claim 18, wherein said enzyme is selected from the group consisting of glucose oxidase and glucose dehydrogenase.
20. The biosensor strip of claim 18, wherein said mediator is a ferricyanide salt.
21. The biosensor strip of claim 18, wherein said mediator is ferrocene or a derivative thereof.
22. The biosensor strip of claim 18, wherein said mediator is a phenanthroline quinone or a derivative thereof.
23. The biosensor strip of claim 14, wherein said spacer layer comprises an adhesive.
24. The biosensor strip of claim 23, wherein said adhesive is a pressure sensitive adhesive.
25. The biosensor strip of claim 14, wherein at least one of said three electrodes is disposed on said electrode support and at least one of said remaining two electrodes is disposed on said cover layer.
26. The biosensor strip of claim 14, wherein said counter electrode is positioned relative to said working electrode and said reference electrode such that a liquid sample will contact said working electrode and said reference electrode prior to contacting said counter electrode.
27. A method for determining the concentration of an analyte in a sample of biological fluid, said method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing the biosensor strip of claim 14;
(b) applying said biological fluid to said biosensor strip;
(c) inserting said biosensor strip into an analyte monitor;
(d) applying a voltage at the working electrode with respect to the reference electrode;
(e) measuring the current flowing between the working electrode and the counter electrode; and (f) correlating the current measured to the concentration of said analyte.
CA2474912A 2002-02-01 2003-01-21 Electrochemical biosensor strip for analysis of liquid samples Expired - Fee Related CA2474912C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/062,313 2002-02-01
US10/062,313 US6863800B2 (en) 2002-02-01 2002-02-01 Electrochemical biosensor strip for analysis of liquid samples
PCT/US2003/001764 WO2003067252A2 (en) 2002-02-01 2003-01-21 Electrochemical biosensor strip for analysis of liquid samples

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2474912A1 true CA2474912A1 (en) 2003-08-14
CA2474912C CA2474912C (en) 2012-03-06

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2474912A Expired - Fee Related CA2474912C (en) 2002-02-01 2003-01-21 Electrochemical biosensor strip for analysis of liquid samples

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US6863800B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1472537A2 (en)
JP (2) JP4879459B2 (en)
AR (1) AR038461A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003205258A1 (en)
BR (1) BR0305257A (en)
CA (1) CA2474912C (en)
MX (1) MXPA04007411A (en)
TW (1) TW200305017A (en)
WO (1) WO2003067252A2 (en)

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